OXI LU HUNH.

HSG
(1).9.3.2012
A.
01.
Trong t nhin oxi c 3 ng v bn

16
8

O;

17
8

O v

18
8

O . Nguyn t khi ca oxi trong bng h thng

tun hon l 15,999u. Ti sao c s mu thun ny.

02.
C 5 l ng kh ring bit cc kh sau: O2, Cl2, HCl, O3, SO2. Lm th no nhn ra tng kh?.
03.
Mt hp cht c to thnh t cc ion M + v X22-. Trong phn t ca M 2X2 c tng s ht proton,
ntron v electron l 164. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn ht khng mang in l 52. S khi
ca M ln hn s khi ca X l 23 n v.
Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong M+ nhiu hn trong X22- l 7 ht.
- Xc nh cc nguyn t M, X v vit cng thc ca phn t M2X.
- Vit cu hnh electron (dng ch v dng obitan) ca nguyn t X
04.
Cho 100 lt hn hp A gm H 2, O2, N2. em t hn hp ri a v nhit v p sut ban u, sau
khi cho H2O ngng t thu c hn hp B c th tch 64 lt. Trn vo B 100 lt khng kh (20% th tch
O2) ri t v tin hnh tng t trn th thu c hn hp C c th tch 128 lt. Hy xc nh th tch
cc cht trong hn hp A, B, C. Bit cc th tch o cng iu kin.
05.
C 4 l mt nhn ng 4 dung dch : HCl, H 2SO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3, hy nhn bit l no ng dung dch
g m khng c dng bt c thuc th no.
06.
Mt loi mui n c ln tp cht CaCl 2, MgCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4, CaSO4. Hy trnh by cch loi cc tp
cht thu c mui n tinh khit.
07.
Ch dng qu tm lm th no phn bit c dung dch cc cht sau y: Na 2SO4, Na2CO3, NH4Cl.
08.
C 6 l khng nhn ng ring bit tng dung dch sau: K 2CO3, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, Al2(SO4)3, FeSO4 v
Fe2(SO4)3. Dng dung dch xt hy nhn bit dung dch trong mi l?
09.
Dung dch A cha cc ion : Na +, SO42-, SO32-, CO32-. Bng nhng phn ng ho hc no c th nhn bit
tng loi anion c trong dung dch.
10.
Cho mt lng Cu2S tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO3 un nng. Phn ng to thnh dung dch
A1 v lm gii phng ra kh A 2 khng mu, b ho nu trong khng kh. Chia A 1 thnh 2 phn. Thm
dung dch BaCl2 vo phn 1, thy to thnh kt ta trng A 3 khng tan trong axit d. Thm lng d
dung dch NH3 vo phn 2, ng thi khuy u hn hp, thu c dung dch A 4 c mu xanh lam
m.
a) Hy ch ra A1, A2, A3, A4 l g?
b) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng trong cc qu trnh ho hc va nu trn.
11.
Cho bit tng s electron trong anion AB32- l 42. Trong cc ht nhn A cng nh B s proton bng s
ntron.
a) Tnh s khi ca A, B
b) Vit cu hnh v s phn b electron trong cc obitan ca cc nguyn t A, B.
12.
Hai nguyn t A, B c cc oxit th kh tng ng l AO n, AOm, BOn v BOi. Hn hp(I) gm x phn t
gam AOn v y phn t gam AOm c khi lng phn t trung bnh l 37,6. Hn hp(II) gm y phn t
gam AOn v x phn t gam AO m c khi lng phn t trung bnh l 34,4. Bit t khi hi ca BO n so
vi BOi l 0,8 v x < y.
a) Xc nh cc ch s n, m, i v t s x/y.
b) Xc nh cc nguyn t A, B v cc oxit ca chng.

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012
c) Cho bit tnh tan ca cc cht trn trong nc v tnh cht ho hc c bn ca cc dung dch ca
chng.
13.
t chy cht X bng O2 va ta thu c hn hp kh duy nht l CO 2 v SO2 c t khi so vi hiro
bng 28,667 v t khi hi ca X so vi khng kh nh hn 3. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca X.
14.
Cho mt lng cht A tc dng ht vi mt lng dung dch H 2SO4 va , to ra cht B, C v 7,458
lt kh D 300C, 1 atm. cng nhit , p sut, t khi hi ca D so vi hiro bng 2,286 ln t khi
hi ca nit so vi hiro.
a) A, B, C l cht no? Vit phng trnh phn ng c th cho qu trnh trn. Bit rng trong cc phn
ng cc cht u c h s nh nhau trong cc phng trnh; A c th l mt trong cc cht K 2CO3,
K2SO3, KHCO3, KHSO3.
b) Tnh khi lng cc cht: A, B, C v H2SO4 nguyn cht.
15.
Trong mt bnh kn dung tch khng i cha a mol SO 2 , a mol O2 v mt t bt xc tc V 2O5; p sut
v nhit trong bnh l P atm v t 0C. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian, sau a nhit bnh v t 0C,
p sut trong bnh lc ny l P. Lp biu thc P theo P v h (hiu sut phn ng). Hi P c gi tr
trong khong no, bit rng t0C cc cht u th kh.
16.
Cho m gam hn hp bt Fe v S vi t l s mol st bng 2 ln s mol lu hunh, ri em nung (khng
c oxi), thu c hn hp A. Ho tan A bng dung dch HCl d thu c 0,4 gam cht rn B, dung dch
C v kh D. Sc kh D t t qua dung dch CuCl2 d thy to ra 4,8 gam kt ta en.
a) Tnh hiu sut phn ng to thnh hn hp A (theo S). Tnh m.
b) Cho dung dch C tc dng vi H2SO4 c, nng d. Tnh th tch kh thot ra iu kin tiu chun.
17.
Cho a gam hn hp gm FeS 2 v FeCO3 vi s mol bng nhau vo mt bnh kn cha lng d oxi. p
sut trong bnh l p1 atm. un nng bnh phn ng xy ra hon ton ri a bnh v nhit ban
u, p sut kh trong bnh lc ny l p 2 atm, khi lng cht rn thu c l b gam. Bit rng th
tch cht rn trong bnh trc v sau phn ng l khng ng k. Hy xc nh cc t s p 1/p2 v a/b.
18.
Hn hp ban u SO 2 v O2 c t khi hi i vi H 2 bng 24. Cn thm bao nhiu lt O 2 vo 20 lt hn
hp ban u hn hp mi c t khi hi so vi H 2 bng 22,4. Thc hin phn ng vi hn hp mi
v xc tc V2O5. Hi sau phn ng hn hp c kh g v th tch hn hp l bao nhiu?
(Bit rng th tch cc kh o trong iu kin tiu chun, hiu sut phn ng 100%)
19.
T 800 tn qung pirit st (FeS2) cha 25% tp cht khng chy, c th sn xut c bao nhiu mt
khi dung dch H2SO4 93% (d = 1,83) ? Gi thit t l hao ht l 5%.
20.
Ho tan 0,4 gam SO3 vo a gam dung dch H2SO4 10% thu c dung dch H2SO4 12,25%.
* Tnh a.
* Thm 10 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,5 M vo dung dch thu c trn lc kt ta thm tip 50 ml
dung dch NaOH 0,8 M vo nc lc ri cho bay hi thu c 6,44 gam cht rn X. Xc nh cng
thc ca X.
* Ly 48,3 gam X ho tan trong V ml H2O thu c dung dch 8%. Tnh V. (DH2O=1g/ml).
B.
01.
X, Y l nguyn t lin tip nhau trong mt phn nhm chnh. Cu hnh e ngoi cng ca X l 2p 4.
a) Vit cu hnh e v xc nh v tr X, Y trong h thng tun hon.
b) Vit cng thc e v cng thc cu to ca phn t to nn t X v Y
02.

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(1).9.3.2012
Dung dch hiro peoxit c nng 30% v khi lng ring 1,51g/cm 3. Dung dch hiro peoxit b phn
xt
hy theo phn ng sau: 2H2O2

2H2O + O2 .Tnh th tch kh oxi thu c (KTC) khi cho

100ml hiro peoxit trn phn hy.

03.
Hn hp kh ozon v oxi c t khi hi so vi hiro bng 20. Hy xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo
th tch ca cc kh trong hn hp. Dn 2,24 lt hn hp kh trn i qua dung dch KI d. Tnh khi
lng it to thnh.
04.
Ngi ta c th iu ch oxi t cc cht sau: KMnO 4, KClO3, H2O2, H2O. Hy vit cc phng trnh phn
ng minh ha v so snh th tch kh oxi thu c (trong cng iu kin) khi phn hy cng mt khi
lng cht ban u.
05.
Nu hin tng v vit phng trnh phn ng nu c khi cho H 2SO4 c tc dng vi cc cht sau:
KMnO4, KClO3, H2O2, H2O.
06.
Vit cc phng trnh thc hin dy bin ha sau:
a) FeS2SO2SO3H2SO4SO2SFeSH2SSSO2
b) KClKClO3O2O3
07.
Hon thnh cc phn ng sau:
0

t
FeS2 + O2

(A) + (B)

(A) + H 2S (C) + (D)

0

t
(C)+ (E)

(F)

(F) + HCl (G)+ H 2S

(G)+ NaOH (H) + I
(H) + O2 + (D) (J)
0

t
(J)

(B)+ (D)
0

t
(B)+ (L)

(E) + (D)

08.
Sc 1,12 lt kh SO 2 vo 1000 gam dung dch H 2S bo ha (20oC v 1atm tan ca H 2S =
0,38gam/100gamH2O) thu c kt ta mu trng. Ly kt ta em un nng thy mu trng chuyn
dn sang mu vng, nng chy chuyn dn sang mu nu v sau thnh nu en cui cng
thnh kh mu nu . Hy tnh khi lng kt ta v gii thch cc hin tng xy ra.
09.
t chy S trong mt bnh kn c th tch 2,24 lt cha mt hn hp kh gm N 2 , O2 , SO2 vi t l th
tch l 3:1:1 (KTC). Sau khi t xong a v nhit ban u thu c mt hn hp kh c t khi so
vi hn hp ban u l 1,089 hi:
a- p sut ca kh trong bnh trc v sau phn ng c thay i khng ?
b- Thnh phn % theo th tch ca hn hp kh thu c sau phn ng.
c- Tnh khi lng ca S t chy.
d- Hy chng minh rng trong iu kin cho t khi ca hn hp kh thu c so vi hn hp kh
ban u c ga tr trong khong
1 d 1,178 .
10.
Thm 3g MnO2 vo 93,7g hn hp mui KCl v KClO3. Trn k v un nng hn hp n phn ng
hon ton, thu c cht rn cn nng 77,5g. Hy xc nh thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca hn
hp mui dng v th tch kh sinh ra (ktc).
11.
Mi ng nghim cha mt trong cc dung dch sau: KI, BaCl 2, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, NaOH, (NH4)2SO4, nc
clo. Khng dng thm cht khc, hy trnh by cch nhn bit mi cht trn.

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(1).9.3.2012
12.
Cho hn hp gm FeS v CuS vi t l mol 1 : 1 tc dng vi dung dch HNO 3 thu c dung dch A v
khi B. A to thnh kt ta trng vi BaCl 2; trong khng kh B chuyn thnh mu nu B 1. Cho dung
dch A tc dng vi dung dch amoniac to ra dung dch A 1 v kt ta A2. Nung A2 nhit cao c
cht rn A3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng dng phn t.
13.
Tnh lng FeS2 cn dng iu ch mt lng SO 3 tan vo 100g H 2SO4 91% thnh oleum
cha 12,5% SO3. Gi thit cc phn ng c thc hin hon ton.
14.
Trn 400ml HCl vi 100ml H2SO4 c dung dch A. trung ha 10ml dung dch A cn 40ml dung
dch NaOH 0,4M. C cn dung dch sau khi trung ha c 1,036gam mui khan. Tnh nng mol/l
ca dung dch HCl, H2SO4 v ca cc mui trong dung dch sau trung ha.
15.
a) Oleum l g ? ti sao trong qu trnh sn sut H 2SO4 ngi ta li dng H2SO4 98% hp th SO3
m khng dng nc?
b) Sau khi ha tan 50ml mt oleum A vo nc ngi ta thu c 1lt dung dch H 2SO4 20% (d=
1,143g/cm3). Xc nh nng theo SO3 ca oleum A.
16.
Cho hn hp FeS v Fe tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c 6,72 lt hn hp kh ktc. Dn hn
hp kh ny i qua dung dch Pb(NO3)2 (d), sinh ra 47,8 g kt ta mu en.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
b) Hn hp kh thu c gm nhng kh no ? Tnh t l s mol cc kh trong hn hp.
c) Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca hn hp rn ban u.
17.
Hn hp A gm FeCO3 v FeS2. A tc dng vi dung dch axit HNO 3 63% (khi lng ring 1,44 g/ml)
theo cc phn ng sau:

FeCO3 + HNO3 muiX + CO2 + NO2 + H 2O

(1)

FeS2 + HNO3 muiX + H 2SO4 + NO2 + H 2O

(2)

c hn hp kh B v dung dch C. T khi ca B i vi oxi bng 1,425. phn ng va ht vi cc

cht trong dung dch C cn dng 540 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,2M. Lc ly kt ta, em nung n khi
lng khng i, c 7,568 gam cht rn (BaSO 4 coi nh khng b nhit phn). Cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton.
a) X l mui g ? Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng (1) v (2).
b) Tnh khi lng tng cht trong hn hp A.
c) Xc nh th tch dung dch HNO3 dng (gi thit HNO3 khng b bay hi trong qu trnh
phn ng).
18.
un nng hn hp gm 5,6 gam bt st v 3,2 gam bt lu hunh sau phn ng thu c hn hp A.
Cho A tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt hn hp kh B v m gam cht rn C. Cho bit t
khi hi ca B so vi hiro l 13.
a) Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo th tch ca cc kh trong B.
b) Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng st v lu hunh; tnh gi tr ca m.
19.
T 100 tn qung pirit st (FeS2) cha 15% tp cht khng chy, c th sn xut c bao nhiu mt
khi dung dch H2SO4 98% (d = 1,84) ? Gi thit t l hao ht l 10%.
20.
Cho 9,52 gam hn hp Na2SO4, Na2SO3 v NaHSO3 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long d, thu c
1,008 lt kh A (ktc). Mt khc 9,52 gam hn hp trn phn ng va vi 72 ml dung dch NaOH
0,5M.
1- Tnh khi lng mi cht trong 9,52 gam hn hp trn.
2- Kh A lm mt mu va 200 ml dung dch nc brom. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch nc Br2
dng?

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(1).9.3.2012

CHNG V: NHM OXI - LU HUNH

01.

Trong t nhin oxi c 3 ng v bn

16
8

O;

17
8

O v

18
8

O . Nguyn t khi ca oxi trong bng

h thng tun hon l 15,999u. Ti sao c s mu thun ny.

02.

C 5 l ng kh ring bit cc kh sau: O2, Cl2, HCl, O3, SO2. Lm th no nhn ra tng kh?.

03.
Mt hp cht c to thnh t cc ion M + v X22-. Trong phn t ca M2X2 c tng s ht
proton, ntron v electron l 164. Trong s ht mang in nhiu hn ht khng mang in l 52.
S khi ca M ln hn s khi ca X l 23 n v.
Tng s ht proton, ntron, electron trong M+ nhiu hn trong X22- l 7 ht.
- Xc nh cc nguyn t M, X v vit cng thc ca phn t M2X.
- Vit cu hnh electron (dng ch v dng obitan) ca nguyn t X
04.
Cho 100 lt hn hp A gm H2, O2, N2. em t hn hp ri a v nhit v p sut ban u,
sau khi cho H2O ngng t thu c hn hp B c th tch 64 lt. Trn vo B 100 lt khng kh (20% th
tch O2) ri t v tin hnh tng t trn th thu c hn hp C c th tch 128 lt. Hy xc nh th
tch cc cht trong hn hp A, B, C. Bit cc th tch o cng iu kin.
05.
C 4 l mt nhn ng 4 dung dch : HCl, H 2SO4, BaCl2, Na2CO3, hy nhn bit l no ng
dung dch g m khng c dng bt c thuc th no.
06.
Mt loi mui n c ln tp cht CaCl 2, MgCl2, Na2SO4, MgSO4, CaSO4. Hy trnh by cch loi
cc tp cht thu c mui n tinh khit.
07.
Ch dng qu tm lm th no phn bit c dung dch cc cht sau y: Na 2SO4, Na2CO3,
NH4Cl.
08.
C 6 l khng nhn ng ring bit tng dung dch sau: K 2CO3, (NH4)2SO4, MgSO4, Al2(SO4)3,
FeSO4 v Fe2(SO4)3. Dng dung dch xt hy nhn bit dung dch trong mi l?
09.
Dung dch A cha cc ion : Na+, SO42-, SO32-, CO32-. Bng nhng phn ng ho hc no c th
nhn bit tng loi anion c trong dung dch.

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(1).9.3.2012
10.
Cho mt lng Cu2S tc dng hon ton vi dung dch HNO 3 un nng. Phn ng to thnh
dung dch A1 v lm gii phng ra kh A2 khng mu, b ho nu trong khng kh. Chia A 1 thnh 2
phn. Thm dung dch BaCl2 vo phn 1, thy to thnh kt ta trng A 3 khng tan trong axit d.
Thm lng d dung dch NH 3 vo phn 2, ng thi khuy u hn hp, thu c dung dch A 4 c
mu xanh lam m.
a) Hy ch ra A1, A2, A3, A4 l g?
b) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng trong cc qu trnh ho hc va nu trn.
11.
Cho bit tng s electron trong anion AB 32- l 42. Trong cc ht nhn A cng nh B s proton
bng s ntron.
a) Tnh s khi ca A, B
b) Vit cu hnh v s phn b electron trong cc obitan ca cc nguyn t A, B.
12.
Hai nguyn t A, B c cc oxit th kh tng ng l AO n, AOm, BOn v BOi. Hn hp(I) gm x
phn t gam AOn v y phn t gam AOm c khi lng phn t trung bnh l 37,6. Hn hp(II) gm y
phn t gam AOn v x phn t gam AO m c khi lng phn t trung bnh l 34,4. Bit t khi hi ca
BOn so vi BOi l 0,8 v x < y.
a) Xc nh cc ch s n, m, i v t s x/y.
b) Xc nh cc nguyn t A, B v cc oxit ca chng.
c) Cho bit tnh tan ca cc cht trn trong nc v tnh cht ho hc c bn ca cc dung dch ca
chng.
13.
t chy cht X bng O2 va ta thu c hn hp kh duy nht l CO2 v SO2 c t khi so
vi hiro bng 28,667 v t khi hi ca X so vi khng kh nh hn 3. Xc nh cng thc phn t ca
X.
14.
Cho mt lng cht A tc dng ht vi mt lng dung dch H 2SO4 va , to ra cht B, C v
7,458 lt kh D 30 0C, 1 atm. cng nhit , p sut, t khi hi ca D so vi hiro bng 2,286 ln t
khi hi ca nit so vi hiro.
a) A, B, C l cht no? Vit phng trnh phn ng c th cho qu trnh trn. Bit rng trong cc phn
ng cc cht u c h s nh nhau trong cc phng trnh; A c th l mt trong cc cht K 2CO3,
K2SO3, KHCO3, KHSO3.
b) Tnh khi lng cc cht: A, B, C v H2SO4 nguyn cht.
15.
Trong mt bnh kn dung tch khng i cha a mol SO 2 , a mol O2 v mt t bt xc tc V2O5;
p sut v nhit trong bnh l P atm v t 0C. Nung nng bnh mt thi gian, sau a nhit
bnh v t0C, p sut trong bnh lc ny l P. Lp biu thc P theo P v h (hiu sut phn ng). Hi P
c gi tr trong khong no, bit rng t0C cc cht u th kh.
16.
Cho m gam hn hp bt Fe v S vi t l s mol st bng 2 ln s mol lu hunh, ri em nung
(khng c oxi), thu c hn hp A. Ho tan A bng dung dch HCl d thu c 0,4 gam cht rn B,
dung dch C v kh D. Sc kh D t t qua dung dch CuCl 2 d thy to ra 4,8 gam kt ta en.
a) Tnh hiu sut phn ng to thnh hn hp A (theo S). Tnh m.
b) Cho dung dch C tc dng vi H2SO4 c, nng d. Tnh th tch kh thot ra iu kin tiu chun.
17.
Cho a gam hn hp gm FeS 2 v FeCO3 vi s mol bng nhau vo mt bnh kn cha lng d
oxi. p sut trong bnh l p 1 atm. un nng bnh phn ng xy ra hon ton ri a bnh v nhit
ban u, p sut kh trong bnh lc ny l p2 atm, khi lng cht rn thu c l b gam. Bit rng
th tch cht rn trong bnh trc v sau phn ng l khng ng k. Hy xc nh cc t s p 1/p2 v
a/b.
18.
Hn hp ban u SO2 v O2 c t khi hi i vi H2 bng 24. Cn thm bao nhiu lt O2 vo 20
lt hn hp ban u hn hp mi c t khi hi so vi H 2 bng 22,4. Thc hin phn ng vi hn
hp mi v xc tc V2O5. Hi sau phn ng hn hp c kh g v th tch hn hp l bao nhiu?

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(1).9.3.2012
(Bit rng th tch cc kh o trong iu kin tiu chun, hiu sut phn ng 100%)
19.
T 800 tn qung pirit st (FeS2) cha 25% tp cht khng chy, c th sn xut c bao
nhiu mt khi dung dch H2SO4 93% (d = 1,83) ? Gi thit t l hao ht l 5%.
20.
Ho tan 0,4 gam SO3 vo a gam dung dch H2SO4 10% thu c dung dch H2SO4 12,25%.
* Tnh a.
* Thm 10 ml dung dch Ba(OH)2 0,5 M vo dung dch thu c trn lc kt ta thm tip 50 ml
dung dch NaOH 0,8 M vo nc lc ri cho bay hi thu c 6,44 gam cht rn X. Xc nh cng
thc ca X.
* Ly 48,3 gam X ho tan trong V ml H2O thu c dung dch 8%. Tnh V. (DH2O=1g/ml).

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012
Hng dn gii
01.

Trong t nhin oxi c 3 ng v bn

16
8

O,

17
8

O v

18
8

O . Nguyn t khi ca oxi trong bng

h thng tun hon l 15,999u. iu mu thun ny xy ra do s chuyn i n v o. Trc y

ngi ta thng dng n v o khi lng nguyn t theo n v oxi (vO), hin nay ngi ta o khi
lng nguyn t theo n v cacbon (vC). Mt s ln cc khi nim v cc cng trnh nghin cu
c hnh thnh v xy dng trn h vO v cc ng dng ca n tr tr thnh quen thuc, mt
khc s chnh lch gia hai h n v ny l khng ng k v trong a s cc trng l trng khp
vi nhau. Vi oxi xut hin mu thun bi v A = 16 theo vO
1vO = 0,99996 vC
Vy A = 16. 0,99996 theo vC
A = 15,99936 vC
02.
Kh Cl2 c mu vng lc nht.
Dng giy tm h tinh bt v dung dch KI nhn bit c O3:
O3 + 2KI + H2O O2 + I2 + 2KOH
I2 lm h tinh bt chuyn mu xanh.
Dng qu tm m nhn bit c HCl v SO2. Cn li l kh O2.
- Phn bit l kh HCl v SO 2 bng dung dch nc brm. SO2 lm mt mu dung dch brom. SO 2 lm
mt mu dung dch brom
SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O 2HBr + H2SO4
03.
Gi p, z, n l s proton, s electron v s ntron trong mt nguyn t M.
p, z, n l s proton, s electron v s ntron trong mt nguyn t X.
Theo iu kin bi ton ta c phng trnh:
2(2z + n) + 2(2z + n) = 164
(1)
(4z + 4z) 2(n + n) = 52
(2)
(z + n) (z + n) = 23
(3)
(2z + n 1) 2[2(2z + n) + 2] = 7
(4)
Gii h (1), (2), (3), (4) ta c z = 19 M l kali: z = 8 X l oxi.
Cng thc phn t ca hp cht l K2O2
Cu hnh electron ca nguyn t X
O

1s

2s

2p

04.
Phn ng :
2H2 + O2 2H2O lng
(1)
Sau ln phn ng (I) hn hp c th tch gim : 100 64 = 36l
Suy ra VH2 phn ng = 2 VO2 ( phn ng) = 36l
Trong VH2 phn ng = 2 VO2 = 24l
Sau ln phn ng (II) hn hp c th tch tip tc gim:
100 + 64 128 = 36l
Chng t trong B cn H2 d, suy ra O2 trong hn hp A c 12l v phn ng ht.
ln phn ng (II):

VH2 (cng phn ng) = 24l

VO2 phn ng = 12l
M VO2 trong 100l khng kh =

100
= 20(l) > 12 (l) O2 phn ng, chng t sau phn ng (II) H 2
5

ht, v O2 d.

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(1).9.3.2012
VO2 d = 8(l)
vy sau 2 ln phn ng VH2 : 24 + 24 = 48 (l)
Kt lun :

05.

hh A c : 48 (l) H2 ; 12 (l) O2; 40 (l) N2

hh B c : 24 (l) H2 ; 40 (l) N2
hh C c : 8 (l) O2 d; 120 (l) N2

Ln lt cho mu th tc dng vi ba mu th cn li ta c kt qu :
HCl
H2SO4
BaCl2
Na2CO3
1
HCl
CO2
2
H2SO4
BaSO4
CO2
3
BaCl2
BaSO4
BaCO3
4
Na2CO3
CO2
CO2
BaCO3

Da vo bng trn ta thy khi cho mt mu th nh vo 3 mu th kia s xy ra mt trong bn

trng hp. Trong cc trng hp trn, duy nht ch c Na2CO3 hai ln th c kh v mt ln c kt
ta. BaCl2 c hai ln th c kt ta. H 2SO4 vo 3 mu th cn li, mt ln c kt ta v mt ln c
kh bay ra. HCl vo 3 mu th cn li, ch c mt ln c kh bay ra.
H2SO4 + HCl dung dch trong sut.
H2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2HCl
H2SO4 + Na2CO3 Na2SO4 + CO2 + H2O
06.
- Ho tan mui n vo nc ct.
- Thm BaCl2 d loi ion SO42- dng BaSO4 kt ta trng.
Phng trnh phn ng:
BaCl2 + Na2SO4 BaSO4 + 2NaCl
BaCl2 + MgSO4 BaSO4 + MgCl2
BaCl2 + CaSO4 BaSO4 + CaCl2
- Lc b kt ta BaSO4.
- Thm Na2CO3 d loi ion Mg2+, Ca2+
MgCl2 + Na2CO3 2NaCl + MgCO3
CaCl2 + Na2CO3 2NaCl + CaCO3
- Lc b kt ta MgCO3, CaCO3.
- Thm dung dch HCl loi b Na2CO3 d
Na2CO3 + 2HCl 2NaCl + CO2 + H2O
- C cn dung dch ta thu c mui n tinh khit.
07.
Cho mt mu qu tm vo cc mu th, mu th no lm qu tm ho xanh l dung dch
Na2CO3, qu tm ho ldung dch NH4Cl, qu tm khng i mu l Na2SO4 v:
Na2CO3 l mui ca baz mnh (NaOH) axit yu nn thu phn to ra dung dch c tnh baz.
Na2CO3 + H2O NaHCO3 + NaOH
NH4Cl l mui ca axit mnh (HCl) v baz yu nn thu phn to ra dung dch c tnh axit.
NH4Cl + H2O NH3 + H2O + HCl
Na2SO4 l mui ca axit mnh (H2SO4) v baz mnh (NaOH) nn khng b thu phn.
08.
Ly t mi dung dch mt t lm th nghim.
- Nh dung dch NaOH vo tng dung dch:
+ Dung dch no khng c hin tng g ---> l K2CO3.
+ Dung dch no thy phn ng xy ra c kh mi khai bay ra. l (NH 4)2SO4
(NH4)2SO4 + 2NaOH 2NH3 + Na2SO4 + 2H2O

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012
+ Dung dch no thy c kt ta xut hin, lu ngoi khng kh kt ta khng i mu. l
MgSO4:
MgSO4 + 2NaOH Mg(OH)2 + Na2SO4
+ Dung dch no thy c kt ta keo trng xut hin, nh tip NaOH n d, kt ta tan . l
Al2(SO4)3.
Al2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH 2Al(OH)3 + 3Na2SO4
Al(OH)3 + NaOH d NaAlO2 + 2H2O
+ Dung dch no thy xut hin kt ta trng v kt ta dn dn chuyn sang mu nu khi
ngoi khng kh. l FeSO4.
FeSO4 + 2NaOH Fe(OH)2 + Na2SO4
4Fe(OH)2 + O2 + 2H2O 4Fe(OH)3(mu nu )
+ Dung dch no thy xut hin kt ta mu nu. l Fe 2(SO4)3.
Fe2(SO4)3 + 6NaOH 2Fe(OH)3(mu nu ) + 3Na2SO4
09.
Nhn bit tng loi anion trong dung dch A: Ta c th tin hnh theo nhiu cch khc nhau.
Sau y gii thiu 2 cch.
Cch 1 :
- Cho dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch axit HCl:
Dung dch A + HCl hn hp kh + dung dch B
SO32- + 2H+ SO2 + H2O
CO32- + 2H+ CO2 + H2O
- Cho hn hp kh ln lt qua dung dch KMnO 4 v sau l dung dch Ca(OH)2. Ta thy:
+ Dung dch KMnO4 b nht mu do phn ng:
5SO2 + 2KMnO4 +2H2O K2SO4 + 2MnSO4 + 2H2SO4
Chng t trong hn hp kh c SO2, suy ra dung dch A c SO32-.
+ Dung dch Ca(OH)2 b vn c hoc vn c ri tr nn trong sut do cc phn ng:
CO2 + Ca(OH)2 CaCO3 + H2O
CO2 + CaCO3 + H2O Ca(HCO3)2
Chng t trong hn hp c kh CO2, suy ra trong dung dch A c CO32-.
- Dung dch B tc dng vi BaCl2 thy c kt ta:
SO42- + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2ClChng t trong dung dch A c ion SO42-.
Cch 2:
- Dung dch A + BaCl2 hn hp kt ta C:
SO42 + Ba2+ BaSO4
SO32- + Ba2+ BaSO3
CO32- + Ba2+ BaCO3
- Cho kt ta C tc dng vi axit HCl:
+ Cht khng tan l BaSO4, suy ra dung dch A c ion SO42-.
+ Cht tan l BaSO3 v BaCO3:
BaSO3 + 2HCl BaCl2 + SO2 + H2O
BaCO3 + 2HCl BaCl2 + CO2 + H2O
Nhn bit kh SO2, CO2 suy ra c ion SO32- v CO32- nh cch 1.
10.
a) Ch ra cc cht
A1 l dung dch gm Cu(NO3)2, H2SO4 v HNO3 d.
A2 l kh NO
A3 l kt ta BaSO4
A4 l dung dch cha ion phc [Cu(NH3)4]2+

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012
b) Cc phng trnh phn ng:
3Cu2S + 22HNO3 6Cu(NO3)2 + 3H2SO4 + 10NO + 8H2O
2NO + O2 2NO2
H2SO4 + BaCl2 BaSO4 + 2HCl
NH3 + H+ NH4+
Cu2+ + 4NH3 Cu(NH3)4)2+
11.
a) Gi x, y: s proton trong cc ht nhn ca A, B ta c:
x + 3y = 42 2 = 40
Do y <

40
= 13,33B phi thuc chu k 2. V l phi kim (to anion) nn B ch c th l F, O hoc
3

N.
+ Nu l F: (y = 9) th x = 40 (3 9) = 13 Al (loi)
+ Nu l O:(y = 8) th x = 30 (3 8) = 16 l S (ng)
+ Nu l N: (y = 7) th x = 40 (3 7) = 19 ng vi K (loi)
Vy: A l s c s khi: 16 + 16 = 32
B l O c s khi : 8 + 8 = 16
b) Cu hnh electron v s phn b electron ca:
S

1s

2s

2p

3s

1s

2s

2p

3p

12.
a) Xc nh cc ch s n, m, i v t s x/y.
t khi lng mol nguyn t ca 2 nguyn t A, B ln lt l A, B.
* Hn hp : x mol AOn v y mol AOm c khi lng mol phn t trung bnh M 1 .

M1 =

x(A + 16n)+ y(A + 16m)

= 37,6
x+ y

A+

16(nx+ my)
= 37,6
(x + y)

(1)

* Hn hp II: x mol AOm v y mol AOn c khi lng mol phn t trung bnh M 2

M2 =

A+

x(A + 16n)+ y(A + 16m)

= 34,4
x+y

16(mx+ ny)
= 34,4
(x + y)

(2)

(1) (2)

16(nx+ my mx ny)
= 3,2
(x + y)

(m n)(y x)
= 0,2
x+y

V x + y > 0 v x < y (theo bi)

Nn m n > 0 m > n
* T khi hi ca BOm so vi BOi :

d=

B + 16m
= 0,8
B + 16i

(3)

(4)

(5)

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012

B + 16m
< 1 m < i
B + 16i

(6)

So snh (4); (6) ta c : n < m < i

Cc oxit th kh thng c dng tng qut
XOK trong 1 K 3

1 n < m < i 3 n = 1; m = 2 v i = 3
(2) T s x/y
Thay n = 1; m = 2 vo (2) ta c :
y x
x 2
= 0,2 0,8y = 1,2x =
x+ y
y 3
b) Xc nh A, B v cc oxit ca chng.
* Thay n = 1; m = 2 v x =

2
y vo (1) th c:
3

A = 12. Vy A l cacbon
* Thay m = 2 v i = 3 vo (5) th c :
B = 32. Vy B l lu hunh.
Vy cc oxit tng ng ca A l: CO v CO2.
Cc oxit tng ng ca B l : SO2 v SO3.
c) Tnh tan ca cc oxit v tnh cht ho hc cn bn ca cc dung dch.
CO : rt t tan trong nc.
C tnh kh :
Fe2O3 + 3CO t 2Fe + 3CO2
CO2 : t tan trong nc:
Dung dch c tnh axit yu, khng bn:
CO2 + H2O H2CO3
o

SO2 :

tan nhiu trong nc.

Dung dch c tnh axit, khng bn
SO2 + H2O H2SO3
Dung dch c tnh kh hoc c tnh oxi ho
H2SO3 + Br2 (dd) + H2O H2SO4 + 2HBr (tnh kh)

SO3:

H2SO3 + 2H2S 3S + 3H2O (tnh oxi ho)

tan nhiu trong nc to thnh axit mnh
SO3 + H2O H2SO4
Dung dch H2SO4 long c tnh axit mnh
H2SO4 + Zn ZnSO4 + H2
Dung dch H2SO4 m c nng c tnh oxi ho mnh.

13.
M hn hp kh CO2 v SO2 : 28,667 2 = 57,334
Trong hn hp kh : Gi s mol CO2 l x, s mol SO2 l y
44x+ 64y
x 1
= 57,334
=
x+y
y 2

nCO2
nSO2

1
.
2

Suy ra trong hp cht X s mol nguyn t C l 1 v s mol nguyn t S l 2.

Cng thc n gin (CS2)nOz.
n ch c th = 1 v nu n = 2; z = 0 th MX = 152
So vi khng kh

MX
> 8. Tri vi gi thit
28

n = 1 v z = 1 th MX = 92 so vi khng kh

MX
> 3 cng tri vi gi thit.
28

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012
Vy cng thc CS2 (Cacbon isunfua)l cng thc ca X.
CS2 + 3O2 CO2 + 2SO2
14.
a) Theo gi thit :

MD
2 = 2,286 M = M 2,286= 64
D
N2
M N2
2
A l mt trong cc cht K 2CO3, K2SO3, KHCO3, KHSO3. Vy khi tc dng H 2SO4 kh c gii phng s l
CO2 hoc SO2 vi M = 64 th D l SO2 vy A l mt trong hai cht K2SO3 hoc KHSO3.
b) Tnh khi lng cc cht A, B, C v H2SO4 nguyn cht.
* A l K2SO3

P0V0 PV
PVT0
=
V0 =
T0
T
P0T
S mol kh D : nD =

V0
= 0,3mol
22,4

K2SO3 + H2SO4 K2SO4 + H2O

+
0,3 mol
0,3 mol
0,3 mol
0,3 mol

SO2
0,3 mol

mA (mK 2SO3 ) = 0,3 158= 47,4gam

mB (mK 2SO4 ) = 0,3 174= 29,4gam
mH2SO4 = 0,3 98= 29,4gam

mC (mH2O ) = 0,3 18= 5,4gam

* A l KHSO3
KHSO3 + H2SO4 KHSO4 + H2O
+ SO2
0,3 mol
0,3 mol
0,3 mol
0,3 mol
0,3 mol

mA (mKHSO3 ) = 0,3 120= 36gam

mB (mKHSO4 ) = 0,3 136= 40,8gam
mC (mH2O ) = 0,3 18= 5,4gam
mH2SO4 = 0,3 98= 29,4gam
15.
Biu thc tnh P theo P v h (hiu sut phn ng)
SO3
2SO2
+
O2
Ban u :
a mol
Phn ng vi: ah mol
Hiu sut h%
Cn bng

(a ah) mol

a mol
ah/2 mol

ah

a mol
2

0
ah mol

ah mol

- Tng s mol ban u nt = a + a = 2 amol

ah
+ ah
2
ah a(4 h)
ns = 2a
=
2
2

- Tng s mol sau phn ng: ns = a - ah + a -

Ta c :

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Ps ns
P' a(4 h) 4 h
=
=
=
Pt nt
P
2 2a
4
P'=

4 h
P
4

* Nu h = 0 (khng phn ng): P = P

* Nu h = 1 (hiu sut 100%):

P'=

4 1
3P
P=
4
4

Vy P phi c gi tr trong khong:

3P
< P'< P
4
16.
a) Gi x l s mol S c trong m gam hn hp. Suy ra s mol Fe s l 2x.
Gi x1 l s mol S tham gia phn ng khi nung:
Ta c :
Fe
+
S
FeS
(1)
t
x1 mol
x1 mol
x1 mol
Sau khi nung, trong hn hp A c :
(x x1) mol S
(2x x1) mol Fe
v x1 mol FeS
- Ho tan A trong axit HCl d:
Fe + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2
(2)
o

FeS + 2HCl FeCl2 + H2S

Cn li 0,4 gam cht rn B l lu hunh d
nS = x x1 =

(3)

0,4
= 0,0125mol
32

(I)

Dung dch C gm HCl d v FeCl2 vi s mol l 2x. Kh D gm H2 v H2S

Sc kh D t t vo dung dch CuCl2 d, ch c H2S phn ng:
CuCl2 + H2S CuS + 2HCl
(4)
Kt ta en to thnh l CuS.
Theo (1), (2), (4):
nCuS = x1 =

4,8
= 0,05mol
96

(II)

Kt hp (I) v (II) ta c : x x1 = 0,0125

x = 0,0125 + 0,05 = 0,0625
- Hiu sut phn ng to thnh hn hp A:
0,05
100% = 80%
Theo S :
h% =
0,0625
b) Dung dch C gm HCl d v FeCl 2 vi s mol l 0,125 . Cho dung dch C tc dng vi H 2SO4 c,
nng d ch c FeCl2 phn ng.
2FeCl2 + 4H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4HCl + 2H2O
2mol
1mol

x=

0,125

0,125.1
= 0,0625
2

22,4= 1,4l
VSO2 = 0,0625.
17.
Trong a gam hn hp gm x mol FeCO3 v x mol FeS2
Cc phng trnh phn ng t chy:
4FeCO3 + O2 t 2Fe2O3 + 4CO2
(1)

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012

1
x
4

1
x
2

4FeS2 + 11O2 t 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2

o

(2)

11
x
4

1
x
2x
2
1
11
x +
x =3x mol O2, nhng li to ra 3x mol kh CO2
Nh vy sau phn ng (1), (2) dng ht
4
4
x

v SO2. Do , s mol kh trong bnh trc v sau phn ng khng thay i. Nh vy, ti cng mt

p1
= 1.
p2

nhit th p1 = p2 hay
Theo (1), (2) :

a = 116x + 120x = 236x gam

b = 0,5x 160 + 0,5x . 160 = 160x gam

a 236x
=
= 1,475
b 160x
18.
Trong hn hp SO2, O2 c M 1 = 24 2 = 48
gi nSO2 l x v nO2 l y

64x+ 32y
x 1
= 48 =
x+y
y 1

nSO2 chim 50% hn hp.

nO2 chim 50% hn hp
Trong 20 lt hn hp VSO2 = VO2 = 10lt hay

nSO2 = nO2 =

10
mol.
22,4

Gi th tch O2 thm vo l a
hn hp sau khi thm O2 c dH 2 = 22,4 M 2 = 22,4 2 = 44,8

10
10
a
.64) + (
.32) + (
.32)
22,4
22,4
22,4
= M 2 = 44,8
10
10
a
+
+
22,4 22,4 22,4

a = 5 lt
phng trnh phn ng:

2SO2

10
mol
22,4

2O5
O2 V
2SO3

5
mol
22,4

10
mol
22,4

theo trn ta c oxi d

sau phn ng hn hp c kh SO3 , O2 .
5
s mol kh b gim
mol th tch b gim 5 lt
22,4
Th tch hn hp sau phn ng 20+5-5 = 20lt
19.

Phn ng t chy pirit st:

4FeS2 + 11O2 t 2Fe2O3 + 8SO2
o

4 mol
Cc phn ng chuyn SO2 thnh H2SO4

8 mol

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(1).9.3.2012
2O5
2SO + O2 V
2SO3

SO3 + H 2O H 2SO4
Lng FeS2 c trong 800 tn qung: 800 - (800. 0,25) = 600 tn = 600000000g
S mol FeS2 =

600000000
= 5000000
mol
120

S mol FeS2 thc t chuyn thnh SO2:

5000000 - (5000000 . 0,05) = 4750000 mol
theo cc phng trnh phn ng ta c s mol SO 2 bng s mol H2SO4 v bng 2 ln s mol FeS 2
phn ng: 4750 . 2 = 9500000 mol
Lng H2SO4 c to thnh : 98 . 9500000 = 931000000g = 931000 kg
931000
Thtch
cadungdch
H 2SO4 93%:
= 547m3
1,83 0,93
20.
a) Khi ho tan SO3 vo dung dch xy ra phn ng:
SO3 + H2O H2SO4
Khi lng ca H2SO4:

m = mmi + mc =

0,4.98 a.10%
+
= 0,49+ 0,1a(gam)
80
100%

Khi lng dung dch: mdd = 0,4 + a. Ta c:

0,49 + 0,1a
C% =
.100% = 12,25%
0,4 + a
a = 19,6 gam
b) S mol H2SO4 l

y=

0,4 19,6.10%
+
= 0,025 mol
80 100%.98

S mol Ba(OH)2 l x = 0,01.0,5 = 0,005 mol; S mol NaOH l z = 0,05.0,8 = 0,04 mol.
Khi thm cc dung dch trn ta c phn ng:
Ba(OH)2 + H2SO4 BaSO4 + 2H2O
(1)
2NaOH + H2SO4 Na2SO4 + 2H2O
(2)
Theo phng trnh phn ng (1) v (2) x + z/2 = 0,025 = y do H 2SO4 phn ng hon ton, lc b
kt ta BaSO4 th trong dung dch ch cn Na 2SO4 vi s mol l: 0,02 mol. Khi cho bay hi dung dch
thu c Na2SO4.nH2O (X). Vy MX = 6,44/0,02 = 322 gam.
MX = (2.23 + 96 + 18n) = 322
n = 10
Vy X l Na2SO4.10H2O
c. Khi ho tan 48,3 gam X (Na2SO4.10H2O) nX = 48,3/322 = 0,15 mol
mct = 0,15.142 = 21,3 gam.
Ta c:

m dd =

m ct .100% 21,3.100%
=
= 266,25 gam
C%
8%

Vy khi lng ca nc cn ly l: m = 266,25 - 48,3 = 217,.95 gam

V = m/D = 217,95 ml.

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012
Phn B: Bi tp t gii
01.
X, Y l nguyn t lin tip nhau trong mt phn nhm chnh. Cu hnh e ngoi cng ca X l
4
2p .
a) Vit cu hnh e v xc nh v tr X, Y trong h thng tun hon.
b) Vit cng thc e v cng thc cu to ca phn t to nn t X v Y
02.
Dung dch hiro peoxit c nng 30% v khi lng ring 1,51g/cm 3. Dung dch hiro peoxit
b phn hy theo phn ng sau:
xt
2H2O2
2H2O + O2

Tnh th tch kh oxi thu c (KTC) khi cho 100ml hiro peoxit trn phn hy.
p s: 14,92 lt oxi
03.
Hn hp kh ozon v oxi c t khi hi so vi hiro bng 20. Hy xc nh thnh phn phn
trm theo th tch ca cc kh trong hn hp. Dn 2,24 lt hn hp kh trn i qua dung dch KI d.
Tnh khi lng it to thnh.
p s:

VO2 = 50%;VO3 = 50%;

mI 2 = 12,7gam

04.
Ngi ta c th iu ch oxi t cc cht sau: KMnO 4, KClO3, H2O2, H2O. Hy vit cc phng
trnh phn ng minh ha v so snh th tch kh oxi thu c (trong cng iu kin) khi phn hy
cng mt khi lng cht ban u.
05.
Nu hin tng v vit phng trnh phn ng nu c khi cho H 2SO4 c tc dng vi cc cht
sau: KMnO4, KClO3, H2O2, H2O.
06.

Vit cc phng trnh thc hin dy bin ha sau:

a) FeS2SO2SO3H2SO4SO2SFeSH2SSSO2
b) KClKClO3O2O3

07.

Hon thnh cc phn ng sau:

0

t
FeS2 + O2

(A) + (B)

(A) + H 2S (C) + (D)

0

t
(C)+ (E)

(F)

(F) + HCl (G)+ H 2S

(G)+ NaOH (H) + I
(H) + O2 + (D) (J)
0

t
(J)

(B)+ (D)
0

t
(B)+ (L)

(E) + (D)

p n:

(A) : SO2 ; (B): Fe2O3 ; (C): S ; (D): H 2O ;

(E) : Fe ; (F) : FeS; (G): FeCl2 ; (H) : Fe(OH)2 ;
(J) : Fe(OH)3 ;

(L) : H 2 .

08.
Sc 1,12 lt kh SO 2 vo 1000 gam dung dch H 2S bo ha (20oC v 1atm tan ca H 2S =
0,38gam/100gamH2O) thu c kt ta mu trng. Ly kt ta em un nng thy mu trng chuyn
dn sang mu vng, nng chy chuyn dn sang mu nu v sau thnh nu en cui cng
thnh kh mu nu . Hy tnh khi lng kt ta v gii thch cc hin tng xy ra.
p s:
m= 4,8gam.

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012
09.
t chy S trong mt bnh kn c th tch 2,24 lt cha mt hn hp kh gm N 2 , O2 , SO2 vi t
l th tch l 3:1:1 (KTC). Sau khi t xong a v nhit ban u thu c mt hn hp kh c t
khi so vi hn hp ban u l 1,089 hi:
e- p sut ca kh trong bnh trc v sau phn ng c thay i khng ?
f- Thnh phn % theo th tch ca hn hp kh thu c sau phn ng.
g- Tnh khi lng ca S t chy.
h- Hy chng minh rng trong iu kin cho t khi ca hn hp kh thu c so vi hn hp kh
ban u c ga tr trong khong

1,178 .
P = const;VN 2 = 60%;

p s:

VO2 = 10%;VSO2 = 30%;

mS = 0,32gam

10.
Thm 3g MnO2 vo 93,7g hn hp mui KCl v KClO 3. Trn k v un nng hn hp n phn
ng hon ton, thu c cht rn cn nng 77,5g. Hy xc nh thnh phn phn trm khi lng ca
hn hp mui dng v th tch kh sinh ra (ktc).
p s:

mKCl 47,7%;mKClO3 52,3%;

VO2 = 13,44
(l)

11.
Mi ng nghim cha mt trong cc dung dch sau: KI, BaCl 2, Na2CO3, Na2SO4, NaOH,
(NH4)2SO4, nc clo. Khng dng thm cht khc, hy trnh by cch nhn bit mi cht trn.
12.
Cho hn hp gm FeS v CuS vi t l mol 1 : 1 tc dng vi dung dch HNO 3 thu c dung
dch A v khi B. A to thnh kt ta trng vi BaCl 2; trong khng kh B chuyn thnh mu nu B1.
Cho dung dch A tc dng vi dung dch amoniac to ra dung dch A 1 v kt ta A2. Nung A2 nhit
cao c cht rn A3. Vit cc phng trnh phn ng dng phn t.
13.
Tnh lng FeS2 cn dng iu ch mt lng SO 3 tan vo 100g H2SO4 91% thnh
oleum cha 12,5% SO3. Gi thit cc phn ng c thc hin hon ton.
p s: mFeS2 = 45gam
14.
Trn 400ml HCl vi 100ml H2SO4 c dung dch A. trung ha 10ml dung dch A cn 40ml
dung dch NaOH 0,4M. C cn dung dch sau khi trung ha c 1,036gam mui khan.
Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch HCl, H2SO4 v ca cc mui trong dung dch sau trung ha.
p s: [HCl] = 0,875M; [H2SO4] = 2,25M;
[NaCl] = 0,14M; [Na2SO4] = 0,09M;
15.
a) Oleum l g ? ti sao trong qu trnh sn sut H 2SO4 ngi ta li dng H 2SO4 98% hp th
SO3 m khng dng nc?
b) Sau khi ha tan 50ml mt oleum A vo nc ngi ta thu c 1lt dung dch H 2SO4 20%
(d= 1,143g/cm3). Xc nh nng theo SO3 ca oleum A.
p s: [SO3] = 46.66M
16.
Cho hn hp FeS v Fe tc dng vi dung dch HCl (d), thu c 6,72 lt hn hp kh ktc.
Dn hn hp kh ny i qua dung dch Pb(NO 3)2 (d), sinh ra 47,8 g kt ta mu en.
a) Vit cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra.
b) Hn hp kh thu c gm nhng kh no ? Tnh t l s mol cc kh trong hn hp.
c) Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo khi lng ca hn hp rn ban u.
p s:

nH2S = 66,66%;
nH2 = 33,34%;
mFeS = 75,86%;
mFe = 24,14%;

17.
Hn hp A gm FeCO3 v FeS2. A tc dng vi dung dch axit HNO3 63% (khi lng ring 1,44
g/ml) theo cc phn ng sau:

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OXI LU HUNH. HSG

(1).9.3.2012

FeCO3 + HNO3 muiX + CO2 + NO2 + H 2O

(1)

FeS2 + HNO3 muiX + H 2SO4 + NO2 + H 2O

(2)

c hn hp kh B v dung dch C. T khi ca B i vi oxi bng 1,425. phn ng va ht vi cc

cht trong dung dch C cn dng 540 ml dung dch Ba(OH) 2 0,2M. Lc ly kt ta, em nung n khi
lng khng i, c 7,568 gam cht rn (BaSO 4 coi nh khng b nhit phn). Cc phn ng xy ra
hon ton.
a) X l mui g ? Hon thnh cc phng trnh phn ng (1) v (2).
b) Tnh khi lng tng cht trong hn hp A.
c) Xc nh th tch dung dch HNO3 dng (gi thit HNO3 khng b bay hi trong qu trnh
phn ng).

mFeCO3 = 4,64(g)
p s:

mFeS2 = 0,96(g)
VHNO3 23,89(ml)

18.
un nng hn hp gm 5,6 gam bt st v 3,2 gam bt lu hunh sau phn ng thu c hn
hp A. Cho A tc dng vi dung dch HCl d thu c 2,24 lt hn hp kh B v m gam cht rn C. Cho
bit t khi hi ca B so vi hiro l 13.
a) Xc nh thnh phn phn trm theo th tch ca cc kh trong B.
b) Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng st v lu hunh; tnh gi tr ca m.
p s:

VH 2S = 75%;VH 2 = 25%;
H = 75%;mC = 0,8gam

19.
T 100 tn qung pirit st (FeS2) cha 15% tp cht khng chy, c th sn xut c bao
nhiu mt khi dung dch H2SO4 98% (d = 1,84) ? Gi thit t l hao ht l 10%.
p s:

Thtch
caH 2SO4 98% 69,3m3

20.
Cho 9,52 gam hn hp Na2SO4, Na2SO3 v NaHSO3 tc dng vi dung dch H2SO4 long d, thu
c 1,008 lt kh A (ktc). Mt khc 9,52 gam hn hp trn phn ng va vi 72 ml dung dch
NaOH 0,5M.
1- Tnh khi lng mi cht trong 9,52 gam hn hp trn.
2- Kh A lm mt mu va 200 ml dung dch nc brom. Tnh nng mol/l ca dung dch nc Br2
dng?

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