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List of Portuguese monarchs

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

King of Portugal and the Algarves


FORMER MONARCHY

Royal Coat of arms

El-Rei D. Manuel II

First monarch

D. Afonso I

Last monarch

D. Manuel II

Style

Style of the Portuguese sovereign

Appointer

Hereditary

Monarchy started

25 July 1139

Monarchy ended

5 October 1910

Current pretender(s) Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza


The Monarchs of Portugal ruled from the establishment of the Kingdom of Portugal, in 1139, to the deposition of the Portuguese monarchy and creation of the Portuguese Republic with the 5 October 1910 revolution. Through the nearly 800 years which Portugal was a monarchy, the kings held various other titles and pretensions. Two Kings of Portugal, Ferdinand I and Afonso V, were also Kings of Galicia. When the House of Habsburg came into power, the Kings of Portugal also became the Kings of Spain, Kings of Naples, and various dukes around Europe. The House of Braganza brought numerous titles to the Portuguese Crown, including King of Brazil and then Emperor of Brazil. After the demise of the Portuguese monarchy, in 1910, Portugal almost restored its monarchy in a revolution known as the Monarchy of the North, though the attempted restoration only lasted a month before destruction. With Manuel II's death, the Miguelist branch of the House of Braganza became the pretenders to the throne of Portugal. They have all been acclaimed King of Portugal by their monarchist groups. This is purely symbolic and no one can have a place among the Kings of Portugal unless they were acclaimed by the Portuguese state and parliament. The Portuguese government states that the current representative of the House of Braganza, Duarte Pio, Duke of Braganza, is the legitimate successor to the Kings of Portugal, but only recognizes him as Duke of Braganza and not King. The monarchs of Portugal all came from a single ancestor, Afonso I Henriques, but direct lines have sometimes ended. This has led to a variety of royal houses coming to rule Portugal, though all having Portuguese royal lineage. These houses are:

The House of Burgundy (11431383) The House of Aviz (1385-1581) The House of Habsburg (15811640) The House of Braganza (16401910) The House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1853-1910) disputed

Contents
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1 House of Burgundy (11391383) 2 House of Aviz (1385-1580) 3 House of Habsburg (15811640)

4 House of Braganza (16401910) 5 House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (18531910) 6 See also 7 References 8 External links

House of Burgundy (11391383)[edit]


The House of Burgundy, known as the Afonsine Dynasty, was the founding house of the Kingdom of Portugal. Prior to the independence of Portugal, the house ruled the feudal County of Portugal, of the Kingdom of Galicia. When Afonso I Henriques declared the independence of Portugal, he turned the family from a comital house to royal house which would rule Portugal for over two centuries. When Ferdinand I died, a succession crisis occurred and Ferdinand's daughter Beatrice of Portugal was proclaimed queen and her husband John I of Castile proclaimed king by the right of his wife. Her legitimacy as a monarch is disputed.[1][2]

Name

Lifespan

Reign start

Reign end

Notes Family

Image

Alphonse I

Portuguese: Afonso I

Sancho I

Portuguese: Sancho I

Founder of the 1109 6 Kingdo 6 Decembe 25 July m of Burgund Decembe r 1185 1139 Portugal y r 1185 (aged 76) Son of Count Henry 11 Novembe 6 r 1154 26 March Son of Burgund Decembe 26 March 1212 Afonso I y r 1185 1212 (aged 57)

23 April 1185 25 Alphonse II 26 March 25 March Son of Burgund March 1212 1223 Sancho I y 1223 Portuguese: Afonso II (aged 37) 8 Septembe 4 Son of Sancho II r 1209 4 26 March Burgund Decembe Afonso January 1223 y r 1247 II Portuguese: Sancho II 1248 (aged 38)

5 May 1210 16 16 Son of 4 January Burgund February February Afonso 1248 y 1279 1279 II Portuguese: Afonso III (aged 68) Alphonse III Denis I

Portuguese: Dinis I

9 October 1261 7 6 Son of 7 January Burgund January February Afonso 1325 y 1325 1279 III (aged 63)

8 February 7 January 28 May Son of Burgund 1291 28 1325 1357 Denis I y Portuguese: Afonso IV May 1357 (aged 66) Alphonse IV Peter I

Portuguese: Pedro I

19 April 1320 18 8 May January 1357 1367 (aged 46)

18 Son Burgund January Afonso y 1367 IV

31 October 18 22 Ferdinand I 1345 22 January October October 1367 1383 Portuguese: Fernando I 1383 (aged 37)

Son of Burgund Peter I y

House of Aviz (1385-1580)[edit]


The House of Aviz, known as the Joanine Dynasty, succeeded the House of Burgundy as the reigning house of the Kingdom of Portugal. The house was founded by John I of Portugal, who was the Grand Master of the Order of Aviz. When King John II of Portugal died without an heir and the throne of Portugal passed to his cousin, Manuel, Duke of Beja. When King Sebastian I of Portugal died and the throne passed to his uncle, Henry I of Portugal. When Henry I died, a succession crisis occurred and Antnio, Prior of Crato was proclaimed Antnio I of Portugal. His legitimacy as a monarch is disputed.

Name
John I

Lifespan

Reign start

Reign end

Notes

Famil y

Image

Portuguese: Joo I

11 April 1358 14 6 April August 1433 1385 (aged 75)

14 Illegitimat August e son of Aviz 1433 Peter I

Edward I

Portuguese: Duarte I

31 October 1391 9 September 1438 (aged 46)

14 9 August Septemb 1433 er 1438

Son of John I

Aviz

13 15 January Septemb Alphonse V 1432 28 er 1438 August 1481 15 Portuguese: Afonso V (aged 49) Novemb er 1477 11 3 March Novemb 1455 25 John II er 1477 October 28 1495 (aged Portuguese: Joo II August 40) 1481

11 Novemb er 1477 Son of Aviz 28 Edward I August 1481 15 Novemb er 1477 Son of Aviz 25 Afonso V October 1495

31 May 1469 - 13 25 13 Emmanuel I Cousin of December October Decembe Aviz John II r 1521 Portuguese: Manuel I 1521(aged 5 1495 2) 7 June 1502 13 Son of - 11 June 11 June Decembe Emmanue Aviz 1557(aged 5 1557 r 1521 lI Portuguese: Joo III 5) John III 20 January 1554 - c. 4 Grandson 11 June 4 August August of John Aviz 1557 1578 Portuguese: Sebastio 1578(aged 2 III I 4) Sebastian I 31 January 1512 31 31 Son of 4 August January January Emmanue Aviz 1578 1580 lI Portuguese: Henrique I 1580 (aged 68) Henry I

House of Habsburg (15811640)[edit]


The House of Habsburg, known as the Philippine Dynasty, is the house that ruled Portugal from 1581 to 1640. The dynasty began with the acclamation of Philip II of Spain as Philip I of Portugal in 1580, officially recognized in 1581 by the Portuguese Cortes of Tomar. Philip I swore to rule Portugal as a kingdom separate from his Spanish domains, under the personal union known as the Iberian Union.

Name
Philip I

Lifespan

Reign start

Reign end

Notes

Family

Image

21 May 1527 Grandson - 13 13 25 March of Habsbur September Septembe 1581 Emmanu g r 1598 Portuguese: Filipe I 1598(aged 7 el I 1)

14 April 1578 - 31 13 Philip II 31 March Son of Habsbur March Septembe 1621 Philip I g Portuguese: Filipe II 1621(aged 4 r 1598 2) 8 April 1605 Philip III - 17 1 31 March Son of Habsbur September Decembe 1621 Philip II g Portuguese: Filipe 1665(aged 6 r 1640 III 0)

House of Braganza (16401910)[edit]


The House of Braganza, known as the Brigantine Dynasty, came to power, in 1640, when John II of Braganza became the reigning house of Portugal and deposed the House of Habsburg in the Portuguese Restoration War.

Name

Lifespan

Reign start

Reign end

Notes Family

Image

John IV

Portuguese: Joo IV

Great18 March great1603 6 1 6 grandson Braganz November Decembe Novemb of a 1656 (aged r 1640 er 1656 Emmanu 53) el I

21 August 1643 12 6 12 Son of Braganz September Novemb Septemb John IV a Portuguese: Afonso VI 1683 (aged er 1656 er 1683 40) Alphonse VI 26 April 1648 9 6 9 Son of Braganz December Novemb Decembe John IV a 1706 (aged er 1683 r 1706 58)

Peter II

Portuguese: Pedro II

John V

Portuguese: Joo V

22 October 9 1689 31 31 July Decembe July 1750 1750 r 1706 (aged 60)

Son of Braganz Peter II a

Joseph I

Portuguese: Jos I

6 June 1714 24 24 31 July Son of Braganz February February 1750 John V a 1777 (age 1777 62)

17 December 24 20 Daughter Mary I 1734 - 20 Braganz February March of Joseph March a 1777 1816 I Portuguese: Maria I 1816(aged 8 1) Husband of Mary I 5 July 1717 24 Son of Peter III - 25 May 25 May Braganz February John V 1786(aged 6 1786 a 1777 jure Portuguese: Pedro III 8) uxoris kin g John VI

Portuguese: Joo VI

13 May 20 1767 10 March March 1826 1816 (aged 58)

Son of 10 Mary I Braganz March and Peter a 1826 III

12 October 1798 24 September Portuguese: Pedro IV 1834 (aged 35) Peter IV Mary II

10 March 1826

2 May 1826

Son of Braganz John VI a

4 April 1819 23 June 2 May 15 1828 Daughter 1826 Braganz November 15 of Peter 26 May a Novemb IV Portuguese: Maria II 1853 (aged 1834 34) er 1853 Michael I 26 October 1802 14 26 6 May November February 1834 1866 (aged 1828 64)

Portuguese: Miguel I

Son of Braganz John VI a

Husband 29 October of Mary Saxe1816 15 16 15 II Coburg December Septemb Novemb jure and Portuguese: Fernando 1885 (aged er 1837 er 1853 uxoris kin Gotha II 69) g Ferdinand II

House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha (1853 1910)[edit]


The House of Braganza-Saxe-Coburg and Gotha is the designation given to the house of the last four Kings of Portugal. The house's existence is debated, as Portuguese historians and the monarchs themselves styled themselves as members of the House of Braganza and not cadet members of the House of Saxe-Coburg and Gotha.

Name

Lifespan

Reign start

Reign end

Notes

Family

Image

16 Septembe Son of Braganza r 1837 15 11 Mary II -SaxePeter V 11 Novembe Novembe and Coburg r 1861 Ferdinan and Portuguese: Pedro V Novembe r 1853 r 1861 d II Gotha (aged 24) Louis I

Portuguese: Lus I

31 Son of Braganza October 11 19 Mary II -Saxe1838 19 Novembe October and Coburg October r 1861 1889 Ferdinan and 1889 d II Gotha (aged 50)

28 Braganza Septembe 19 1 -SaxeCharles I r 1863 1 Son of October February Coburg February Louis I 1889 1908 and Portuguese: Carlos I 1908 Gotha (aged 44) 15 Braganza Novembe 1 -Saxe4 October Son of r 1889 2 February Coburg 1910 Charles I and Portuguese: Manuel II July 1932 1908 (aged 42) Gotha Emmanuel II

See also

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