IIC-46

Example II.C-5
Given:

HSS Chevron Brace Connection

The loads shown are actual loads from the bottom chevron from the example problem at the back of the book. The beam above has been design to carry its load with out the chevron, and the end connections have been design to all vertical and horizontal loads required. Check the HSS braces for tension and compression and design the connection including welding, shear lag requirements and check to see if stiffening is required. Use E70 electrodes.

Material Properties: Beam W1835 Brace HSS662 Gusset Plate

Fy = 50 ksi Fy = 46 ksi Fy = 36 ksi

Fu = 65 ksi Fu = 58 ksi Fu = 58 ksi

Manual Tables 2-3 and 2-4 Manual Tables 1-1 and 1-12

Geometric Properties: Beam W1835 d = 17.7 in. Brace HSS662 H = 6 in. Solution:

tw = 0.300 in. B = 6 in.

kdes. = 0.827 in. A = 9.74 in.

t = 0.465 in.

Determine required brace-to-gusset weld size

Since the brace loads are axial, the angle between the longitudinal brace axis and line of force is w = 0 .
FW = 0.60 FEXX 1 + 0.5sin1.5 w = 0.60 ( 70 ksi ) 1 + 0.5sin1.5 0 = 42 ksi

IIC-47

LRFD

ASD

Wwreq ' d

Pu = + 116 in. 4 Fw ( 0.707) Lw

1 16

Wwreq ' d

Pa = + 116 in. 4 Fw ( 0.707) Lw =

158 kips + 0.75 ( 4)( 42 ksi )( 0.707 )( 6 in.)

in.

( 4)( 42 ksi)( 0.707)( 6 in.)

(105 kips)( 2.00)

+ 116 in.

= 0.296 in.+ z-in. = 0.358 in.

= 0.295 in.

Use a-in. fillet weld

Use a-in. fillet weld

Note: the z-in. added to the weld size is to account for the slot in HSS The minimum weld size for this connection is x in. The required weld size is larger therefore, use a-in. fillet welds.
Determine required gusset plate thickness
We = Ww 3 8 in.- 116 in. =
LRFD
5 16

Table J2.4

in. ( 0.60 FEXX We ) ( 0.707)( 2) 0.60 Fy1

ASD

t1req ' d =

( 0.60 FEXX We ) ( 0.707)( 2) 0.60 Fy1

t1req ' d =

0.75 ( 0.60)( 70 ksi)( 1 4 in.)( 0.707 )( 2) 1.00 ( 0.60)( 36 ksi )

(1.50)( 0.60)( 70 ksi)( 14 in.)( 0.707)( 2) ( 2.00)( 0.60)( 36 ksi)

= 0.644 in.

= 0.644 in.

Use a w-in. gusset plate.

Check gusset plate buckling (compression brace)
r= t1 12 =
3 4

in. 12

= 0.217 in.

From the figure, the distance l1 = 62 in. Since the gusset is attached by one edge only, the buckling mode could be a sidesway type as shown in Commentary Table C-C2.2. In this case use K = 1.2.
Kl1 1.2 ( 6 1 2 in.) = = 36.0 r 0.217 in.

Limiting slenderness ratio 4.71

E 29000 ksi = 4.71 = 134 > 36.0 36 ksi Fy

IIC-48
2 ( 29000 ksi)

Fe =

2 E Kl1 r
2

( 36.0) 2

= 221 ksi

Eqn. E3-4

Fy Fcr = 0.658 Fe

36 ksi Fy = 0.658 221 ksi ( 36 ksi ) = 33.6 ksi

Eqn. E3-2

lw = B + 2 [ (connection length) tan 30] = 6 in. + 2 ( 6 in.) tan 30 = 12.9 in.

Note: Here, the Whitmore section is assumed to be entirely in the gusset. The Whitmore section can spread across the joint into adjacent connected material of equal or greater thickness or adjacent connected material of lesser thickness provided that a rational analysis is performed.
Aw = lw t1 = (12.9 in.)( 3 4 in.) = 9.675 in.2

Eqn. E3-1

Pn = Fcr Aw = ( 33.6 ksi) 9.675 in.2 = 325 kips

LRFD ASD

Pn = 0.90 ( 325 kips) = 293 kips

325 kips Pn / = = 195 kips 1.67

293 kips > 158 kips

o.k.

204 kips > 105 kips

o.k.

Check tension yielding of gusset plate (tension brace)

From above, Aw = 8.06 in.2

Rn = Fy1 Aw = ( 36 ksi) 9.675 in.2 = 348 kips
LRFD ASD

Eqn. J4-1

Rn = 0.90 ( 348 kips ) = 313 kips

Rn / =

348 kips = 208 kips 1.67

313 kips > 158 kips

o.k.

208 kips > 105 kips

o.k.

Check shear strength at brace-to-gusset welds

Try minimum weld length, Lw = 6 in. Effective Area, Ae = 4 Lw t = 4 ( 6 in.)( 0.465 in.) = 11.2 in.2 Nominal Shear Strength, Vn = 0.6 Fy Ae = 0.6 ( 46 ksi) 11.2 in.2 = 309 kips
LRFD ASD

Table D3.1 Case 6

Eqn. J4-3

Rn = 1.00 ( 309 kips) = 309 kips

Rn / =

309 kips > 158 kips

o.k.

309 kips = 206 kips 1.50 206 kips > 105 kips

o.k.

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Check shear lag fracture in HSS brace

x= B 2 + 2 BH ( 6 in.) + 2 ( 6 in.)( 6 in.) = = 2.25 in. 4( B + H ) 4 ( 6 in.+6 in.)
2

x 2.25 in. U = 1 = 1 = 0.625 in. Lw 6 in. An = Ag 2tt1 = 9.74 2 ( 0.9)(0.465 in.)( 3 4 in.+ 18 in. gap) = 9.01 in.2

Table D3.1 Case 6

Ae = UAn = 0.625 9.16 in.2 = 5.72 in.2

Rn = Fu Ae = ( 58 ksi)( 5.63 in.) = 327 kips
LRFD ASD

Eqn. J4-4

Rn = 0.75 ( 327 kips) = 245 kips

Rn / =

327 kips = 164 kips 2.00

245 kips > 158 kips

Calculate interface forces

o.k.

164 kips > 105 kips

o.k.

Design the gusset-to-beam connection as if each brace were the only brace and locate each braces connection centroid at the ideal centroid locations to avoid inducing a moment on the gusset-beam interface, similarly to uniform force method special case 3.
eb = d 17.7 in. = = 8.85 in. 2 2

12 = tan 1 = 48 10 1316

Let = = eb tan = ( 8.85 in.) tan 48 = 9.83 in. Use 10 in.

= ec = 0

r=

( + ec ) 2 + ( + eb ) 2

(10 in. + 0) 2 + ( 0 + 8.85 in.) 2

= 13.4 in.
ASD

H ub

P (10 in.)(158 kips) = u = = 118 kips 13.4 in. r eb Pu ( 8.85 in.)(158 kips) = = 105 kips 13.4 in. r

LRFD

H ab

P (10 in.)(105 kips) = a = = 78.6 kips 13.4 in. r eb Pa ( 8.85 in.)(105 kips) = = 69.6 kips 13.4 in. r

Vub =

Vab =

IIC-50

Determine required gusset-to-beam weld size The weld length is twice the horizontal distance from the work point to the centroid of the gusset-to-beam connection, , for each brace. Therefore, l = 2 = 2 (10 in.) = 20 in. Since the gusset straddles the work line of each brace, the weld is uniformly loaded. Therefore, the available strength is the average required strength and the fillet weld should be designed for 1.25 times the average strength. 1.25 (158 kips) 1.25 Pu = = = 3.55 1.392l 1.392 ( 20 in.)( 2)
LRFD

Dreq ' d

Dreq ' d

1.25 (105 kips) 1.25 Pa = = = 3.54 0.928l 0.928 ( 20 in.)( 2)

ASD

The minimum fillet weld size is 4 in. The required weld size is also 4 in., use a 4 in. fillet weld 40-in. long total. Check gusset thickness (against weld size required for strength)
tmin = 6.19 D 6.19 ( 3.55) = = 0.379 in. < s in. 58 ksi Fu

Table J2.4

o.k.

Check local web yielding of the beam

Rn = ( N + 5k ) Fy tw = 20 in. + 5 ( 0.827 in.) ( 50 ksi)( 0.300 in.) = 362 kips
LRFD ASD

Eqn. J10-2

Rn = 1.00 ( 662 kips ) = 662 kips

158 kips(cos 48) = 105 kips 662 kips > 105 kips
o.k.

662 kips Rn / = = 441 kips 1.50 105 kips(cos 48) = 70.2 kips

441 kips > 70.2 kips

o.k.