dheeraj

d. mass of pointer 11. An instrument will have uniform scale only when [02D01] a. deflecting torque varies directly as the magnitude of the quantity under measurement b. controlling torque varies directly as deflecting angle c. damping torque varies directly as the deflection angle 1. Which one is classified as an integrating instrument? [01D01] d. deflecting torque varies directly as the magnitude of the a. D'Arsonval galvanometer quantity under measurement and controlling torque varies b. Ampere - hour meter directly as deflecting angle c. Ohm - meter 12. The controlling torque in gravity controlled meter is d. Ammeter proportional to [02D02] 2. The most suitable material used as spring material for most of a. the applications, except in low resistance measurements [01D02] b.sin0 a. platinum silver c. b. phosphor - bronze d. % c. silicon - bronze 13. A meter has a full scale deflection of 900 at a current of 1A. d. hard rolled silver The response of the meter is square law. 3. At a steady state deflected position of an indicating instrument, Assuming spring control, the current for a the moving system is subjected to [01G05] deflection of 450 will be [02D03] a. deflecting torque only a. 0.25A b. deflecting and controlling torques b. 0.50A c. deflecting, controlling, damping torques c. 0.67A d. deflecting and controlling torques d. 0.707A 4. An instrument which gives total quantity of energy passed 14. The torque of an ammeter varies as square of the current. The through it, in a given time is called [01M01] instrument is gravity controlled and gives a deflection of 900 for a. integrating instrument current of 10A. The deflection for a current of 5A will be [02D04] b. indicating instrument a. 22.50 c. recording instrument b. 14.50 d. digital instrument c. 450 5. The controlling torque in a spring controlled meter is d. 600 proportional to [01M02] 15. A spring controlled instrument uses phosphor bronze springs to produce controlling torque. If the ratio of length of spring to a. theta thickness of the spring is 3000 for a deflection of 900, what b. %2 should be this ratio if the scale is extended to 1200? [02D05] c.1/theta a. 4000 d. 1/ %2 6. The movement of the moving element of an electrical b. 2250 indicating instrument is dependent on [01M03] c. 2000 a. restoring torque d. 3250 b. number of turns on the coil 17. In indicating instruments the damping is usually adjusted c. resistance of the circuit [02M01] d. restoring torque, number of turns on the coil and resistance a. at critical value of the circuit b. to the value slightly below critical value 7. In indicating instruments, the springs are mainly used to c. to the value slightly higher than critical value [01S01] d. to any value a. hold the pivot in position 18. Fluid friction damping can be employed [02M02] b. conduct the current to the coils a. in vertically mounted instruments only b. in horizontally mounted instruments only c. control the movement of the pointer d. reduce the vibrations of the pointer c. in both vertically and horizontally mounted instruments 8. The deflecting torque can be produced by [01S02] d. neither in vertically nor horizontally mounted instruments a. gravity control 19. In eddy current damping systems, the disc employed should b. spring control be of [02M03] c. air friction a. conducting and magnetic material d. magnetically b. conducting but non- magnetic material 9. Operating torques in an indicating instrument are [01S03] c. magnetic and non - conducting material a. deflecting, controlling, damping d. non - magnetic and non - conducting material b. deflecting, balancing, damping 20. A voltage of 220V produces a deflection of 900 in a PMMC c. deflecting, controlling, vibration spring controlled instrument. If the same d. restoring, controlling, balancing instrument is provided with gravity control, what 10. The pointer returns to its zero position on removing the source would be the deflection? [02M04] producing the deflecting torque. This happens a. 900 due to [01S04] b. 450 a. deflecting torque c. 64.20 b. controlling torque d. 1800 c. damping torque JNTU ONLINE EXAMINATIONS [Mid 1 - em]

21. Eddy current damping should not be used where deflecting torque in the instrument is produced due to [02M05] a. magnetic field b. electrostatic field c. thermo-electric e.m.f d. friction 22. The damping torque must operate only when the moving system of the indicating instrument is [02S01] a. actually moving b. stationary c. just starting to move d. near its full deflection 23. The force responsible for reduction of oscillations of the pointer in an ammeter [02S02] a. controlling force b. damping force c. deflecting force d. vibration force 24. If the damping torque is more than the critical damping, the instrument is called [02S03] a. under damped b. over damped c. critically damped d. un damped 25. Air friction damping is used in the instrument which is [02S04] a. Moving iron b. Moving coil c. Induction d. Hot wire 26. Fluid friction damping [02S05] a. can be used in horizontally mounted instruments b. can be used in vertically mounted instruments c. can be used in both horizontally and vertically mounted instruments d. can't be used in either horizontally or vertically mounted instruments 27. The current in a circuit consists of a DC component of 10A superimposed on a 50Hz sinusoidal component of rms value 10A. The reading shown by a PMMC ammeter will be [03D01] a. b. 20/3 c. 10 d. 10 + (10/3) 28. A PMMC instrument produces a deflection 900 when a current 2mA passes through its moving coil. Suppose the instrument is redesigned with its spring constant as before, and its permanent magnet is replaced with a new permanent magnet which produces twice the flux density as before, what would be the deflection if a current of 1mA is passed through the coil. The other features of the PMMC instrument remain the same. [03D02] a. 1800 b. 90 c. 450 d. 1350 29. A PMMC instrument is spring controlled, the control spring stiffness decreases by amount 0.04 % per 0C rise in temperature and the strength of magnets goes down by 0.02 % per 0C rise in temperature. The rise in temperature is 100C. The deflection [03D03] a. decreases by about 0.2 % b. decreases by about 0.4 % c. increases by about 0.4 %

d. increases by about 0.2 % 30. A PMMC instrument uses a coil of resistance 0.2B and produces full scale deflection with a steady current of 10A. If this instrument is used as an ammeter, then the range of the instrument will be zero to [03M01] a. 0.2A b. 1A c. 2A d. 10A 31. In PMMC instruments damping is provided by [03M02] a. the coil itself b. separate pair of magnets c. an aluminum frame on which the coil is wound d. damping vane in an air tight chamber 32. PMMC instrument gives uniform scale because [03M03] a. it uses spring control b. it uses eddy current damping c. the deflecting torque is proportional to the instrument current d. it uses spring control and the deflecting torque is proportional to the instrument current 33. An advantage of a PMMC instrument is that it is [03M04] a. free from friction error b. has high torque/weight ratio c. has low torque/weight ratio d. can be used on both A.C. and D.C. 34. The power consumption in PMMC instruments is typically about [03M05] a. 0.25W to 2W b. 0.25mW to 2mW c. 25W to 200W d. 0.25W to 2W 35. The power consumed by a PMMC meter with internal resistance of 500B and current for full scale deflection as 100A is [03S01] a. 0.5W b. 5W c. 25W d. 50W 36. In PMMC instruments the scale is [03S02] a. non-linear b. logarithmic c. exponential d. uniformly divided 37. The PMMC meter can measure [03S03] a. only A.C. quantities b. only D.C. quantities c. both A.C. and D.C. quantities d. only high frequency quantities 38. If an analog PMMC 0-10A ammeter is provided with no controlling mechanism and the moving parts are free to rotate, what will be the reading of the instrument if a current of 1A (D.C.) passed through the moving coil( the torque produced is sufficient to overcome the frictional losses) [03S04] a. 1A b. the pointer will remain stationary c. the pointer will continuously rotate d. 10A 39. A moving iron voltmeter reads correctly on 250V DC. If 250V, 50Hz A.C. is applied to it. What will be the reading of the voltmeter? The instrument coil has a resistance of 500B and an inductance of 1H and series noninductive resistance is 2000B [04D01] a. 248V b. 250V

c. 252V d. 255V 40. Error due to change in frequency in moving iron instruments, may be reduced by using a/an [04D02] a. induction coil b. condenser of suitable value in parallel with the swamping resistance c. condenser of suitable value in series with the swamping resistance d. balancing circuit 41. In spring controlled moving iron instruments [04M01] a. we have uniform scale b. we can have complete linear scale by choosing irons of appropriate shape and size c. we have scale cramped at the lower end and expanded at the upper end and it is not possible to expand the scale near zero d. we have scale expanded at the lower end and cramped at the upper end 44. A moving iron ammeter coil has few turns of thick wire in order to have [04S01] a. high sensitivity b. effective damping c. low resistance and large current carrying capacity d. large scale 45. If the connections of a moving iron voltmeter connected in a circuit are interchanged, then the voltmeter [04S02] a. will not give any reading b. will deflect in opposite direction c. reading will remain unaffected d. will burnt 46. Eddy current damping cannot be used for moving iron instruments because [04S03] a. weight of the instrument will increase b. presence of permanent magnet required for this purpose will affect the deflection and hence the instrument readings c. size of the instrument will increase d. eddy current will pass through the iron and there by cause loss 47. The deflecting torque of moving iron instrument is proportional to [04S04] a. I b. I2 c. I d. I 48. A square wave type voltage of peak magnitude 100V is measured by a moving iron voltmeter. It will read [05D01] a. 200V b. 50V c. 100V d. 400V 49. A moving iron voltmeter reads low for A.C. voltages than for corresponding values of D.C. voltages. The meter can be made to read equally for both A.C. and D.C. voltages [05D02] a. if the resistance of the multiplier is made very high b. if the inductance of the coil is made small c. if the resistance of the coil is made very large d. if the multiplier resistance is shunted by a capacitance of appropriate value to make the circuit noninductive 50. Spring controlled moving iron instruments exhibit a square law response resulting in a non-linear scale. The shape of the scale can be made almost linear by [05D03]

a. keeping rate of change of inductance, L with deflection, % as constant b. keeping as constant c. keeping as constant where K is spring constant b keeping as constant 51. Moving Iron Instruments when measuring voltages or currents [05M01] a. indicate the same values of the measurement for both ascending and descending values b. indicate higher value of measured for ascending values c. indicate higher value of measured for descending values d. indicate lower value of measured for ascending values 52. The moving iron voltmeters indicate: [05M02] a. the same value for D.C. and A.C. voltages b. lower values for A.C. voltages than for corresponding D.C. voltages c. higher values for A.C. voltages than for corresponding D.C. voltages d. zero value for D.C. voltages 53. The frequency range of moving iron instrument is [05M03] a. audio frequency band 20Hz to 20kHz b. very low frequency band 10Hz to 30kHz c. low frequency band 30Hz to 300kHz d. power frequencies 0 to 125hz 54. Error due to change in frequency in moving iron instrument is reduced by connecting a condenser across swamping resistance. The readings of the instrument will be independent of frequency only when [05M04] a. C = L/r2 b. C = Lr2 c. C = (Lr) d. C = L/r 55. A moving iron instrument can be used for current and voltage measurements [05S01] a. in A.C. circuits only b. in D.C. circuits only c. in both A.C. and D.C. circuits for any value of frequency d. in both A.C. and D.C. circuits for frequencies upto about 125Hz 56. Moving Iron type of Instrument can be used as [05S02] a. standard instruments for calibration of other instruments b. transfer type of instruments c. indicator type instruments as on panels d. Integrated type of instrument 57. Which instrument is the cheapest disregarding the accuracy [05S03] a. PMMC b. Moving Iron c. Electrodynamometer d. Rectifier 59. In order to reduce errors on account of temperature changes, the swamping resistance [06M02] a. should be made of a material having high resistance temperature co-efficient b. should be made of a material having a low resistance temperature co-efficient with the value of swamping resistance equal to meter resistance c. should be made of a material having low resistance temperature co-efficient and should have a value of about 20 to 30 times that of meter resistance d. should have infinite value 60. A d'Arsonval movement is rated at 50A. Its sensitivity is [06M03] a. 20000B/V

b. 200000C/V c. 200C/V d. can't be determined 61. When selecting a meter range scale to test a circuit, you should select the range that will indicate near the [06S01] a. top of the scale b. mid - point of the scale c. bottom of the scale d. trail and error average point 62. For increasing the range of an ammeter, connect [06S02] a. a high value resistance in series with the ammeter coil b. a high value resistance in parallel with the ammeter coil c. a low value resistance in series with the ammeter coil d. a low value resistance in parallel with the ammeter coil 63. For increasing the range of an voltmeter, connect [06S03] a. a high value resistance in series with the voltmeter b. a high value resistance in parallel with the voltmeter c. a low value resistance in series with the voltmeter d. a low value resistance in parallel with the voltmeter 64. A 1mA ammeter has a resistance of 100B. It is to be converted to a 1A ammeter. The value of shunt resistance is [06S04] a. 0.001C b. 0.1001B c. 100000C d. 100C 65. Swamping resistance is connected in series with [06S05] a. the shunt to reduce temperature error in shunt ammeters. b. the ammeters to reduce errors on account of friction. c. the meter and have a high resistance temperature co-efficient in order to reduce temperature errors in ammeters. d. the meter and have a negligible resistance co-efficient in order to reduce temperature errors in shunted ammeters. 66. A 4 - range milli ammeter having ranges of 0 - 10mA, 0 50mA, 0 - 100mA, and 0 - 500mA. It is used for measurement of current whose magnitude is not known. In order to prevent damage to the instrument, the selector switch of the ammeter should be first placed at [06S06] a. 0 - 50mA range b. 0 - 100mA range c. 0 - 10mA range d. 0 - 500mA range 67. A 1mA d'Arsonval movement has a resistance of 100B. It is to be converted to a 10V voltmeter. The value of multiplier is [06S07] a. 999C b. 9999C c. 9900B d. 990C 68. A 0-300V voltmeter has an error of 2 % of full scale deflection. If true voltage is 30V, the range of readings will be [07D01] a. 24V - 36V b. 29.4V -30.6V c. 20V - 40V d. 30V - 40V 69. A 0 - 10A ammeter has guaranteed accuracy of 1 % of full scale deflection. The limiting error while reading 2.5 is [07D02] a. 1 % b. 2 %

c. 4 % d. 3 % 70. A 150V moving iron voltmeter of accuracy class 1.0 reads 75V when used in a circuit under standard conditions. The maximum possible percentage error in the reading is [07D03] a. 0.5 b. 1.0 c. 2.0 d. 4.0 71. A d'Arsonval movement has a sensitivity of 40,000B/V and its internal resistance is 4000B. The resistance of multiplier to convert it to 1V voltmeter is [07M01] a. 44000C b. 36000B c. 3600C d. 4400C 72. The relative division of current through the galvanometer and the shunt with Ayrton shunt [07M02] a. is independent of galvanometer coil resistance b. depends upon galvanometer coil resistance only c. depends upon galvanometer coil resistance and shunt resistance d. is independent of both galvanometer coil resistance and shunt resistance 73. The voltmeter of sensitivity 1000B/V is connected across the 50kB resistor in the circuit shown in the figure (a) . The voltmeter reading will be Figure(a) [07M03] a. 50V b. 45V c. 30V d. 25V 74. In a permanent magnet moving coil ammeter the deflection of the pointer is proportional to product of flux density of magnetic field produced by the permanent magnet and the current in the moving coil. If the strength of the permanent magnet becomes 95 % of the original, the meter gives erroneous reading resulting into error. This error can be classified as [07S01] a. gross error b. Systematic error c. error caused by over loading d. random error 75. Systematic errors are [07S02] a. instrumental errors b. instrumental errors and environmental errors c. random errors d. environmental error 76. The maximum percentage error in the difference of two measured currents and will be [07S03] a. 7 % b. 1 % c. 14.5 % d. 3.5 % 77. Which material is used for swamping resistance that is connected in series with the working coil of a voltmeter? [07S04] a. constantan b. manganin c. eureka d. nichrome 78. The function of a shunt in an ammeter is to [07S05]

a. increase the instrument resistance b. bypass the current c. reduce the voltage drop across the instrument coil d. increase the current flowing through the instrument coil 79. A moving coil instrument has a resistance of 0.6B and a full scale current of 0.1A. To convert it into an ammeter of 0-15A range, the resistance of the shunt should be [07S06] a. 0.6C b. 0.06C c. 0.1C d. 0.004B 80. Measuring range of a voltmeter can be extended by using [07S07] a. high shunt resistance b. high series resistance c. low shunt resistance d. low series resistance 81. In the figure shown figure (a) the voltmeter has a total resistance of 50kB and reads 50V. the voltage V is then Figure(a) [07S08] a. 50V b. 25V c. 100V d. 75V 82. An Electrostatic voltmeter with spring control gives a full scale deflection of 800 when 0.2kV is applied. The capacitance increases uniformly with angular deflection from 20pF for zero deflection to 100pF for 800. The deflection for 1.5kV will be [08D01] a. 200 b. 300 c. 45 degrees d. 600 83. A hypothetical electrostatic voltmeter with spring control is designed with one fixed and another movable plate. Both plates are in the form of circle with one plate over the other so as to produce a rotary motion. If a voltage is applied between them, no rotary motion is produced because [08D02] a. there is no change in the voltage b. there is no change in the capacitance irrespective of the relative position of the two plates c. the spring force is very large d. the applied voltage is small to produce any noticeable deflection 84. Frequency up to which the electrostatic instruments can be used without serious loss of accuracy is [08M01] a. 100Hz b. 100kHz c. 1MHz d. 10MHz 85. Quadrant type electrostatic instruments can be used for measurement of A.C. voltage [08M02] a. only when Hetrostatically connected b. only when Idiostatically connected c. in either Hetrostatically or Idiostatically connected d. not at all 86. An electrostatic voltmeter draws a small value of current on D.C [08M03] a. under steady state condition irrespective of the applied voltage b. when switched on irrespective of the applied voltage c. when measuring low voltages

d. when measuring high voltages 87. In electrostatic instruments, deflecting torque is proportional to [08S01] a. V b. V2 c. 1/V d. 1/V2 88. Electrostatic instruments work on the principle of [08S02] a. repulsion of unlike poles b. attraction of like poles c. attraction between positive and negative charge d. repulsion between negative charges 89. Electrostatic instruments are suitable for the measurement of [08S03] a. A.C. and D.C. voltages b. A.C. voltages and currents c. D.C. voltages and currents d. A.C. voltages only 90. The main advantage of electrostatic instruments is that [08S04] a. it is suitable for measurement of very low voltage and currents b. it is suitable for measurement of very low voltage and very high currents c. it takes negligible current from the source d. its construction is very robust and cheap 91. Electrostatic type of instruments are primarily used as [08S05] a. ammeters b. watt meters c. voltmeters d. ohmmeters 92. Electrostatic instruments are mainly used for measurement of [08S06] a. heavy currents b. low currents c. low voltages d. high voltages 93. Which of the following instrument is free from hysteresis and eddy current errors? [08S07] a. Moving Iron b. electrostatic c. moving coil dynamometer d. PMMC 94. A quadrant type electrostatic instrument uses two types of connections (i) Hetrostatic and (ii) Idiostatic. An external battery is [08S08] a. used for Idiostatic connection b. used for Hetrostatic connection c. used for both Idiostatic and Hetrostatic connections d. neither used for Hetrostatic nor Idiostatic connection 95. The size of electrostatic voltmeter is large as compared with corresponding electromagnetic voltmeters because [08S09] a. they are used for measurement of high voltages b. energy density in an electrostatic field is considerably smaller than that in an electromagnetic field c. their frequency range is smaller d. they have a high dielectric loss 96. The range of electrostatic voltmeter can be extended by using [08S10] a. a capacitor in series with the voltmeter whose capacitance is greater than the capacitance of the voltmeter b. a capacitor in series with the voltmeter whose capacitance is smaller than the capacitance of the voltmeter

c. a resistor in series with the voltmeter d. an inductor in series with the voltmeter 97. Which of the following instruments is not used for measuring current? [08S11] a. Moving Iron b. electrostatic c. Hot wire d. PMMC 98. A short circuiting link is provided on the secondary side of a current transformer because [09D01] a. When the secondary winding of the C.T. is short circuited by the link with the primary winding energized, a very high current flows on the primary side b. When the secondary winding of the C.T. is short circuited by the link with the primary winding energized, it is possible to make any adjustments in the secondary winding circuit like replacing a faulty ammeter c. When the short circuiting link is opened with the secondary winding open circuited, the current on the primary side falls to almost zero. d. When the secondary winding of the C.T. is short circuited by the link with the primary winding energized, it is not possible to make any adjustments in the secondary winding circuit like replacing a faulty ammeter 99. When the secondary winding of a current transformer is opencircuited with primary winding energized [09D02] a. the whole of the primary current produces large value of flux in the core there by producing a large voltage in the secondary winding. b. When the large magnetizing force is taken off it leaves a small value of residual magnetism c. the whole of the primary current produces small value of flux in the core there by producing a small voltage in the secondary winding. d. a very small current flows on the primary side 100. While using a CT it is essential to maintain at all times a closed circuit on the secondary side in order to [09M01] a. reduce power losses b. avoid demagnetization c. avoid dangerously high emfs for both the operator and the transformer insulation d. avoid dangerously high currents 101. A current transformer has a rating of 100/5A. its magnetizing and loss components of the exciting current are 1A and 0.6A respectively and second winding is purely resistive, its transformation ratio at rated current is [09M02] a. 20.12 b. 20.2 c. 200.2 d. 2000.2 102. The advantage of instrument transformers over ammeter shunts and voltmeter multipliers are [09S01] a. the metering circuit is electrically isolated from the power circuit there by providing safety in use to both the instruments and the operator b. small power losses in comparison to those in ammeter shunts and voltmeter multipliers c. the instrument transformers can be used for both dc as well as ac measurements

d. the metering circuit is electrically isolated from the power circuit and small power losses in comparison to those in ammeter shunts and voltmeter multipliers 103. The number of turns on the primary of current transformer is usually [09S02] a. 1 to 5 b. 10 to 20 c. 20 to 100 d. 100 to 500 104. The nominal ratio of a current transformer [09S03] a. primary winding current / secondary winding current b. rated primary winding current / rated secondary winding current c. number of secondary winding turns / number of primary winding turns d. primary winding voltage / secondary winding voltage 105. The burden of current transformer is expressed in terms of [09S04] a. secondary winding current b. VA rating of transformer c. Voltage, current and power factor of secondary winding circuit d. Primary winding current 106. The current in the primary winding of a current transformer depends upon [09S05] a. burden of the transformer secondary winding b. load connected to the system in which the C.T. is installed c. both burden of the transformer secondary winding and load connected to the system d. power factor of the secondary winding 107. Clamp on meters are used because [09S06] a. it is possible to measure current flowing in a line without breaking the circuit b. their accuracy is high c. it is not possible to measure voltage without them d. they are cheap 108. When the secondary winding of a potential transformer is suddenly open-circuited with primary winding energized [10D01] a. Large voltages are produced in the secondary winding may be a safety hazard to operating personnel b. The large voltages so produced may rapture the insulation c. The primary winding draws only the no load current d. a very high current flows on the primary side 109. In case of potential transformers with the increase in load on secondary side [10M01] a. both of the ratio error and phase angle error increases b. the ratio error increases but phase angle error decreases c. the ratio error decreases but phase angle error increases d. both of the ratio error and phase angle error decreases 110. High A.C. voltages are usually measured with [10S01] a. magnetic voltmeter b. inductive voltameter c. Potential Transformers with voltmeter d. Current Transformers with voltmeter 111. The transformation ratio of a potential transformer is defined as the ratio of [10S02] a. primary winding voltage / secondary winding voltage b. rated primary winding voltage / rated secondary winding voltage c. number of primary winding turns / number of secondary winding turns d. primary winding current / secondary winding current 112. Capacitive potential transformers are used [10S03] a. for primary winding phase voltages below 100kV

b. for keeping the value of transformation ratio constant irrespective of the burden by making certain adjustments c. because they are cheaper than the electromagnetic transformer below a certain voltage range d. because they are costlier than the electromagnetic transformer above a certain voltage range 113. The size of potential transformers [10S04] a. is same as that of power transformers of the same VA rating b. is much greater than that of power transformers of the same VA rating c. is smaller than that of power transformers of the same VA rating d. is much smaller than that of power transformers of the same VA rating 114. The ratio of transformation in the case of potential transformers [10S05] a. increases with increase in power factor of secondary burden b. remains constant irrespective of power factor of secondary burden c. decreases with increase in power factor of secondary burden d. no effect of power factor on the ratio of transformation 115. Which of the following you will prefer to extend the range of an A.C. voltmeter [10S06] a. low series resistance b. high resistance in parallel c. Current transformer d. Potential transformer 116. A current transformer has a phase error of +30. The phase angle between the primary and secondary currents is [11M01] a. 30 b. 177 degrees c. 1800 d. 1830 117. A current transformer has a rating of 1000/5A. It's magnetizing current and loss component of exciting current are 10A and 6A respectively. The phase angle between secondary winding induced voltage and current is 300. The phase angle error of the transformer is [11M02] a. 0.650 b. 0.305 degrees c. 0.4960 d. 0.9650 118. The ratio and phase angle errors in potential transformers may be reduced by [11M03] a. increasing the exciting current b. increasing the resistance and leakage reactance in the transformer c. by not employing turns compensation d. decreasing the resistance and leakage reactance in the transformer 119. In case of potential transformers [11M04] a. the phase angle error is always positive b. the phase angle error is always negative c. the phase angle error is usually zero d. the phase angle error is positive when the secondary winding voltage reversed leads the primary winding voltage and is negative when the secondary winding voltage reversed lags the primary winding voltage 120. The ratio and phase angle errors in a well designed current transformer are kept within the specified limits by [11S01] a. in-built compensating capacitors b. mild steel core

c. some fractional turns d. ferrite core 121. The ratio error in the current transformer is attributed to [11S02] a. magnetizing component of no- load current b. energy component of excitation current c. leakage flux d. power factor of the primary 122. The errors in current transformers can be reduced by designing them with [11S03] a. high permeability and low loss core materials, avoiding any joints in the core and also keeping the flux density to a low value b. primary and secondary windings keeping close to each other c. large cross-sections for both primary and secondary winding conductors d. primary and secondary windings keeping away from each other 123. Turns compensation is used in current transformers primarily for reduction of [11S04] a. phase angle error b. ratio error c. both ratio and phase angle errors d. ratio error, reduction in phase angle error is incidental 124. The power factor in a single circuit is = P/VI, where P is the power read by a wattmeter, V is the voltage read by a voltmeter and I is the current read by an ammeter. All the three instruments have a limiting error of 1 %. The power factor of the circuits can be known if only one meter i.e. an electrodynamometer type power factor meter having a limiting error 1 % used. The preferred method is to use a single instrument like a power factor meter rather than using 3 instruments because the error when using wattmeter, voltmeter and ammeter is [12D01] a. 2 % b. }3 % c. 1 % d. -1 % 125. Which of the following statements is correct? [12D02] a. the moving iron power factor meter is generally used as it has got large operating force b. the moving iron power factor meter is generally used because it gives scale extending over a full scale c. the dynamometer type of power factor meter is generally used because it is more accurate than moving iron power factor meter d. the moving iron power factor meter is generally used as it has got large operating force and it gives scale extending over a full scale 126. Which of the following statements is not true for a power factor meter? [12M01] a. It consists of two coils mounted at right angles to each other b. Balanced position depends upon the resulting torque developed by the two coils c. The restoring torque is provided by a control spring d. The deflection is proportional to the phase angle between field coil and crossed coil 127. There will be serious errors, if power factor of nonsinusoidal waveforms is measured by electrodynamometer power factor meters. This is true for [12M02] a. only single phase metes b. only three phase metes c. both single and three phase metes d. neither single phase nor three phase meters 128. The controlling torque in single phase power factor meters provided by [12S01]

a. spring control b. gravity control c. stiffness of suspension d. fluid friction 129. A dynamo meter type power factor meter has [12S02] a. one current circuit and one pressure circuit b. one current circuit and two pressure circuits c. one pressure circuit and two current circuits d. two current circuits and two pressure circuits 130. The two pressure coils of a single phase dynamometer type power factor meter are of the [12S03] a. same dimensions and same number of turns b. same dimensions but different number of turns c. same number of turns but different dimensions d. different number of turns and different dimensions 131. A 53Hz reed type frequency meter is polarized with D.C. The new range of frequency meter is [13D01] a. 106Hz b. 26.5Hz c. 53Hz d. 212Hz 132. Essentially, the reed frequency is [13S01] a. oscillatory measuring instrument b. vibration measuring instrument c. deflection measuring instrument d. recording measuring instrument 133. In a reed type frequency meter all the reeds [13S02] a. have the same natural frequency b. have different natural frequencies c. have different natural frequencies but difference in natural frequencies of adjacent reeds is }0.5Hz d. have different natural frequencies but difference in natural frequencies of adjacent reeds is 5Hz 134. Weston frequency meter operates on the principle [13S03] a. variation of impedance of an inductive coil circuit with the variation in supply frequency b. phenomenon of mechanical resonance c. phenomenon of electrical resonance d. variation of impedance of capacitive circuit with the variation in supply frequency 135. Vibrating reeds are employed in [13S04] a. frequency meter b. pf meter c. synchroscope d. megger 136. For a three phase, moving iron synchroscope, f2 frequency of incoming machine f1 frequency of bus bars. At equilibrium , where . If f' is positive [14M01] a. the incoming machine is faster b. the incoming machine is slower c. the incoming machine is slower and can't be synchronized to the busbars d. the incoming machine can be synchronized to the busbars 137. An alternator is being synchronized to the busbars whose frequency is 50Hz. The bulb of the synchroscope flickers at a frequency of 10Hz. The frequency of the alternator is [14M02] a. 60Hz b. 40Hz c. 60Hz or 40Hz d. 50Hz 138. In a Weston type synchroscope the [14M03] a. fixed coils are connected across incoming alternator b. moving coil is connected across the busbars

c. fixed coils are connected across busbars and moving coil is connected across incoming alternator d. fixed coils are connected across incoming alternator and moving coil is connected across busbars 139. The synchroscope is an instrument for [14S01] a. checking the voltages of the two circuits b. checking of phase sequence of the two circuits c. indicating differences of phases and frequencies of two circuit voltages d. checking power factor of the two circuits 140. Which of the following statements is correct? [14S02] a. Dynamometer type synchroscope is more commonly used as it is more accurate than moving iron type b. The moving iron syncroscope is more robust in construction and suitable for continuous operation c. Weston type synchroscope is more commonly used, as it is cheap in cost and robust in construction d. The Dynamometer type syncroscope is more robust in construction and suitable for continuous operation 141. An electro - dynamic part is introduced in Weston type syncroscope for synchronizing an incoming machine to the bus bars for [14S03] a. checking the voltage of two circuits b. checking the phase sequence of the two circuits c. checking whether the incoming machine is fast or slow d. indicating power factor of the two circuits 142. A compensated wattmeter has its reading corrected for error due to [15D01] a. the frequency b. friction c. power consumed in current coil d. power consumed in pressure coil 143. In electrodynamometer type of wattmeters, current coils designed for carrying large currents use standard wire or laminated conductors [15D02] a. to reduce eddy current losses in conductors b. to reduce mechanical losses c. to reduce hysteresis losses d. to reduce iron losses 144. A capacitor is connected across a portion of resistance of the multiplier in order to make the pressure coil circuit non-inductive. The value of this resistance is `r' while the total resistance and inductance of the pressure coil circuit are respectively RP and L. The value of capacitance C is [15D03] a. 0.41 L/r2 b. 0.41 L/{R_P}2 c. L/{RP}2 d. L/r2 145. In a low power factor wattmeter a capacitor is connected across a part of series resistance in the pressure coil circuit. This is done in order to [15D04] a. neutralize the capacitive effect of pressure coil b. compensate for the error caused by inductance of pressure coil c. compensate for the error caused by power loss in the pressure coil d. compensate for the error caused by power loss in the current coil 146. In electrodynamometer type of wattmeters, the inductance of pressure coil circuit produces error [15D05] a. which is constant irrespective of the power factor of the load b. which is higher at low power factors c. which is lower at low power factors d. which is zero at low power factors

147. A dynamometer type wattmeter responds to the [15M01] a. average value of active power b. average value of reactive power c. peak value of active power d. peak value of reactive power 148. When measuring power with an electrodynamometer wattmeter in a circuit where the load current is small [15M02] a. the current coil should be connected on the load side b. the pressure coil should be connected on the load side c. the current coil should be connected on the supply side d. it is immaterial whether the pressure coil or current coil is connected on the load side 149. When measuring power with an electrodynamometer wattmeter in a circuit where the load current is large [15M03] a. the current coil should be connected on the load side b. the pressure coil should be connected on the load side c. the pressure coil should be connected on the supply side d. it is immaterial whether the pressure coil or current coil is connected on the load side 150. When measuring power with an electrodynamometer wattmeter in a circuit having a low power factor [15M04] a. the current coil should be connected on the load side b. the pressure coil should be connected on the load side c. the current coil should be connected on the supply side d. a compensated wattmeter with pressure coil connected on the load side should be used 151. Ordinary electro - dynamo meter type wattmeter is not suitable for measurement of power in low power factor circuits owing to [15M05] a. small deflecting torque b. introduction of large error because of pressure coil at low power factor c. introduction of large error due to current coil at low power factor d. small deflecting torque and introduction of large error because of pressure coil at low power factor 152. In a low power factor wattmeter, the pressure coil is connected [15M06] a. on the load side of the current coil b. on the supply side of the current coil c. either on the load side or supply side of the current coil d. neither on the load side nor supply side of the current coil 153. In a low power factor wattmeter the compensating coil is connected [15M07] a. in series with the current coil b. in series with the pressure coil c. across the current coil d. across the pressure coil 154. A wattmeter is reading backwards in an experiment. Upscale reading can be obtained by reversing [15S01] a. pressure coil connection only b. current coil connection only c. both pressure and current coil connections d. either the pressure coil or current coil connections 155. In dynamo meter type of wattmeter, which of the coil is split into two parts [15S02] a. pressure coil b. current coil c. both pressure and current coils d. neither pressure coil nor current coil 156. Which of the following type of damping is most commonly employed in the dynamometer type wattmeter [15S03]

a. fluid friction b. eddy current c. air friction d. both air and fluid friction 157. The moving coil in a dynamometer wattmeter is connected [15S04] a. in series with the fixed coil b. across the supply c. in series with the load d. across the load 158. The dynamometer type wattmeter is shielded against stray magnetic fields by [15S05] a. earthing the meter b. providing neutral wire connection c. housing the meter in a soft iron case d. making meter components of non - magnetic materials 159. In an electrodynamometer type of wattmeter [15S06] a. the current coil is made fixed b. the pressure coil is fixed c. any of the two coils i.e. current coil or pressure coil can be made fixed d. both the coils should be movable 160. In a VAR meter, the angle between voltage and instrument voltage [16D01] a. zero b. 3/6 c. 3/4 d. P/2 161. Which of the following statements is true about two wattmeter method of power measurement in 3 - Q circuit? [16D02] a. Power can be measured using two wattmeter method only for star connected 3 - J circuit b. When two wattmeters show identical readings, the power factor is 0.5 c. When power factor is unity, one of the wattmeter reads zero d. When the readings of the two wattmeters are equal but opposite sign, the power factor is zero 162. Two wattmeter method is employed to measure power in 3 Q balanced system with current coils connected in the A and C lines. The phase sequence is ABC. If the wattmeter with its current coil in A - phase line reads zero, then the power factor of the 3 - Q load will be [16D03] a. zero lagging b. zero leading c. 0.5 lagging d. 0.5 leading 163. The ratio of the readings of two wattmeters connected to measure power in a balanced 3 - Q load is 5:3 and the load is inductive. The power factor of the load is [16D04] a. 0.917 leading b. 0.917 lagging c. 0.6 leading d. 0.6 lagging 164. and are the instantaneous line to neutral voltages and , and iB are instantaneous line currents in a balanced 3 Q circuit, the computation will yield a quantity proportional to [16D05] a. active power b. power factor c. reactive power d. complex power 165. Two wattmeters connected to measure the power in a 3 - Q, balanced delta connected load read and another respectively. If

the same load be connected in star the wattmeters would read [16M01] a. b. c. d.w1=4kw;w2=5kw 166. A delta connected 3 - Q inductive load uses the two wattmeter method to measure its total power. One wattmeter reads 12kW and another 18kW. The pf of the load is [16M02] a. 0.93 b. 0.9 c. 0.945 d. 0.93 167. In a two wattmeter method of measuring power in a 3-Q system one of the wattmeters reads negative implying [16M03] a. wattmeter connection faulty b. load is unbalanced c. power flow is in the reverse direction d. power factor is less than 0.5 168. In two wattmeter method of power measurement, one of the wattmeters will show negative reading when the load power factor angle is strictly [16M04] a. less then 300 b. less than 600 c. greater than 300 d. greater than 600 169. While measuring power in a 3 - Q load by two wattmeter method, the readings of the two wattmetrs will be equal and opposite when [16M05] a. power factor is unity b. load is balanced c. phase angle is between 600 and 900 d. the load is purely inductive 170. In two wattmeter method of measuring 3 - Q power, power factor is 0.5, then one of the wattmeter will read [16M06] a. W/2 b. zero c. W d. W/ 171. The minimum number of wattmeters required to measure the real power in an N phase system with unbalanced load is [16S01] a. (N - 1) b. N c. (N + 1) d. (N - 2) 172. The power measurement in balanced 3-Q circuit can be done by [16S02] a. one wattmeter method only b. two wattmeter method only c. three wattmeter method only d. using one, two and three wattmeter methods 173. The power delivered to a 3 - Q load can be measured by the use of 2 wattmeters only when the [16S03] a. load is balanced b. load is unbalanced c. 3 - Q load is connected to the source through 3 - wires d. 3 - J load is connected to the source through 4 - wires 174. In the measurement of 3 - Q power by two - wattmeter method, if two wattmeter readings are equal, the

power factor of the circuit is [16S04] a. 0.8lagging b. 0.8 leading c. zero d. unity 175. W1 and W2 are the readings of two wattmeters used to measure power of a 3 - Q balanced load. The reactive power drawn by the load is [16S05] a. b. c. d.3(w1-w2) 176. In three phase power measurement by two wattmeter method the power factor of load will be [16S06] a.(w1-w2)/(w1+w2) b. c. d. 177. In the two wattmeter method for balanced load, the readings of wattmetrs are 3kW and 1kW respectively, the latter being obtained after reversing the connections to the current coil of one wattmeter, the power measured is [16S07] a. 4W b. 2W c. 1W d. 0.5W 178. In the two wattmeter method for balanced load, the readings of wattmetrs are 3kW and 1kW respectively, the latter being obtained after reversing the connections to the current coil of one wattmeter, the power factor measured is [16S08] a. 0.095 b. 0.184 c. 0.277 d. 0.526 179. The current in the pressure coil of a single phase energy meter is proportional to [17M01] a. load current b. supply voltage c. supply voltage and line current d. active power drawn by the load 180. The pressure coil of a single phase energy meter is wound on [17M02] a. one limb of laminated core b. both the limbs of the laminated core with different number of turns c. both the limbs of the laminated core with same number of turns d. the centre of the limb on the laminated core 181. The current coil of single phase energy meter is wound on [17M03] a. one limb of laminated core b. both the limbs of the laminated core with different number of turns c. both the limbs of the laminated core with same number of turns d. the centre of the limb on the laminated core 182. Reactive volt ampere hours in a 3 - Q balanced load can be measured by [17M04] a. using one single element watt - hour meter b. two wattmeter difference method c. both using one single element watt - hour meter and two wattmeter difference methods d. three wattmeter method

183. The most commonly used energy meter [17M05] a. electrolyitic meter b. clock meter c. motor meter d. all of the meters find equal applications 184. Light load adjustments for induction type energy meters are usually done at [17M06] a. 10 % of full load current b. 5 % of full load current c. 50 % of full load current d. 1 % of full load current 185. The three phase four wire energy meter is used to measure [17S01] a. three phase unbalanced energy b. three phase balanced energy c. two phase energy d. single phase energy 186. The pressure coil of a single phase energy meter consists of [17S02] a. more number of turns of fine wire b. less number of turns of fine wire c. less number of turns of thick wire d. more number of turns of thick wire 187. The coil of series magnet in a single phase energy meter consists, [17S03] a. thin wire of few turns b. thick wire of few turns c. thin wire of more turns d. thick wire of more turns 188. Meter constant of energy meter is given by [17S04] a. rev./kW b. rev./kWh c. rev./W d. rev./Var 189. Electrolyitic meter is basically is a/an [17S05] a. D.C. ampere - hour meter b. D.C. watt - hour meter c. A.C. energy meter d. A.C. ampere - hour meter 190. In single phase induction type energy meter, compensation for static friction is provided by [17S06] a. shading bands which are actuated to provide a constant torque irrespective of load b. lag circuits c. drilling holes in the disc d. providing a magnetic shunt and changing its position 191. In a household , single phase induction type energy meter, the meter can be reversed by [17S07] a. reversing the supply terminals b. reversing the load terminals c. opening the meter connections and reversing either the potential coil terminals or current coil terminals d. opening the meter and reversing connections of both potential and current coil terminals 192. If an induction type energy meter runs fast, it can be slowed by [17S08] a. lag adjustment b. light load adjustment c. by adjusting the position of braking magnet and making it come closer to the centre of the disc d. by adjusting the position of braking magnet and making it move away from the centre of the disc 193. Creeping in a single phase induction type energy meter may be due to [17S09]

a. overcompensation for friction b. low voltages c. holes in the disc d. large load current 194. In an induction type energy meter [17S10] a. there is no brake magnet b. there is a control spring c. disc revolves continuously d. there is no temperature error 195. In an energy meter the braking device is provided to produce braking torque so that the [18D01] a. energy meter can be brought to standstill b. meter creeping be checked c. moving system of the instrument ( armature or disc) rotates at a particular speed for a particular rate of energy consumption at any time d. energy meter can rotate at high speed 196. The braking torque provided by a permanent magnet in a single phase energy meter is proportional to the [18M01] a. square of the flux of the permanent magnet b. flux of the permanent magnet c. square of the speed of the meter d. square of the distance of the permanent magnet from the centre of the revolving disc 197. The braking torque provided by a permanent magnet in a single phase energy meter can be changed by [18M02] a. providing a magnetic shunt and changing its position b. changing the distance of the permanent magnet from the centre of the revolving disc c. providing a magnetic shunt and changing its position and changing the distance of the permanent magnet from the centre of the revolving disc d. drilling holes in the disc 198. In an energy meter, the moving system(or rotating disc) attains the steady speed when the [18S01] a. braking torque is zero b. braking torque is equal to operating torque c. braking torque is maximum d. braking torque is greater than operating torque 199. In an Induction type of energy meter, maximum torque is produced when the phase angle, between the two fluxes is [18S02] a. 00 b. 450 c. 600 d. 900 200. In an Induction type of energy meter, maximum torque is obtained when the parameters (R and X are respectively the resistance and reactance of eddy current paths in the disc) of rotating disc are [18S03] a. R = 0 b. X = 0 c. R = X d. R M X 201. In a circuit of single phase induction energy meter, the pressure coil lags the voltage by 880, the errors while measuring power in two circuits having power factors of unity and 0.5 lagging are respectively are [19D01] a. -0.061 %, +6.1 % b. +0.061 %, -6.1 % c. -0.061 %, -6.1 %

d. -6.1 %, -6.1 % 202. The friction error of single phase energy meter can be reduced by [19M01] a. adjusting braking magnet b. shunt magnet c. series magnet d. short circuited loops 203. The speed of the meter disc on full load is kept lowest possible in order to [19M02] a. reduce friction error b. reduce eddy current loss c. reduce self braking torque d. reduce copper loss 204. In the single phase induction meter, in order to obtain true value of energy, the shunt magnet flux should lag behind the applied voltage by [19M03] a. 900 b. 00 c. 450 d. 600 205. In single phase induction type energy meter, the lag adjustment is done [19M04] a. to make the current coil flux to lag 900 behind the applied voltage b. to make the pressure coil flux to lag 900 behind the applied voltage c. to bring pressure coil flux in phase with the applied voltage d. to make the pressure coil flux to lead 900 by the applied voltage 206. The creeping error in single phase energy meter can be minimized by [19S01] a. adjusting braking magnet b. use of short circuited loops on the outer limbs of the shunt magnet c. drilling two holes in the disc on opposite side of the spindle d. adjusting the shaded band 207. 230V, 10A single phase energy meter makes 90 revolutions in 3 minutes at half load, rated voltage and unity power factor. If the meter constant is 1800revolutions/kwhthen the error at half full load will be [19S02] a. 13.04 % slow b. 13.04 % fast c. 15 % slow d. 15 % fast 208. Creeping is the phenomenon which occurs in [19S03] a. voltmeter b. wattmeter c. energy meter d. ammeter 209. Holes are drilled on the opposite sides of the disc of an induction type energy meter to [19S04] a. avoid creep on no load b. balance disc c. dissipate the energy due to eddy currents d. increase the deflecting torque 210. The adjustment of position of shading bands, in an energy meter, is affected to provide [19S05] a. creep compensation b. friction compensation c. frequency compensation d. temperature compensation 211. Consider the following statements: a Phantom load is used while testing a high capacity energy meter

i. consists of inductances and capacitances so that there is no energy loss during testing ii. Saves energy during testing because its value changes very rapidly from the highest to the lowest, thus enabling quick measurement iii. Involves supplying the voltage circuit with the required voltage and the current circuit from a separate low voltage supply Of these statements [20D01] a. i, ii, and iii are correct b. i, and ii are correct c. i, and iii are correct d. ii, and iii are correct 212. A single phase energy meter operating on 230V and 5A for 5hours makes 1940 revolutions. Meter constant in revolutions /kwh is 400. What is the power factor of the load? [20M01] a. 1 b. 0.843 c. 0.7 d. 0.6 213. The meter constant of a single phase energy meter installed in a house is 4800 revolutions /kwh, if 5 lamps of 100W each are connected in the circuit. The number of revolutions/minute will be [20M02] a. 40 b. 80 c. 120 d. 160 214. The meter constant of a single phase 240V induction watthour meter is 400 revolutions /kwh. The speed of the meter disc for a current of 10A at 0.8pf lagging will be [20M03] a. 12.8 rpm b. 16.02 rpm c. 18.2 rpm d. 21.1 rpm 215. For testing of energy meters phantom load is used to [20S01] a. isolate the current and voltage circuits b. use test meters of low current rating c. reduce power losses during testing d. test meters of large current rating for which loads may not be available in the testing laboratory and reduce power losses during testing 216. A single phase energy meter is operating on 230V, 50Hz supply with a load of 20A for 2 hours at unity power factor. The meter makes 1380 revolutions in that period. The meter constant is [20S02] a. 695 rev/kwh b. 150 rev/kwh c. 0.15rev/kwh d. 1/150 rev/kwh 217. A Merz price demand indicator indicates [20S03] a. average maximum demand over a specified period of time b. maximum demand c. maximum energy consumption d. maximum power consumed