THI CHN HSG KHI 10

Thi gian: 180pht

Cu 1: Ho tan hon ton m gam hn hp gm FeO, Fe2O3, Fe3O4 bng dung dch H2SO4
c, nng, d thu c 448ml kh SO2 ktc v 32g mui sunfat khan. Vit cc phng
trnh phn ng xy ra v tnh m.
Cu 2: Trong mt bnh kn cha hn hp kh gm SO2 v O2 c t khi so vi hiro l 24,
sau khi un nng vi cht xc tc thch hp v a v nhit ban u th thu c mt
hn hp kh mi c t khi so vi hiro l 30.
a). Tnh thnh phn phn trm theo th tch ca cc hn hp kh trc v sau phn ng.
b). Tnh hiu sut ca phn ng.
Cu 3: Ho tan hon ton a mol mt kim loi R (ho tr n khng i) bng dung dch c
cha a mol H2SO4 th va thu c 31,2g mui sunfat ca kim loi R v mt lng kh
X. Lng kh X ny va lm mt mu 500ml dung dch Br2 0,2M. Xc nh kim loi M.
Cu 4: Hp cht A c cng thc RX trong R chim 22,33% v khi lng. Tng s p,n,e trong A l 149. R v X c tng s proton bng 46 .
S ntron ca X bng 3,75 ln s ntron ca R.
a)Xc nh CTPT ca A.
b)Hn hp B gm NaX, NaY, NaZ(Y v Z l 2 nguyn t thuc 2 chu k
lin tip ca X).
+ Khi cho 5,76 gam hh B tc dng vi dd Br 2 d ri c cn sn phm c
5,29 g mui khan.
+Nu cho 5,76 gam hh B vo nc ri cho phn ng vi kh Cl 2 sau mt
thi gian c cn s/phm thu c 3,955 g mui khan trong c 0,05
mol ion Cl-.
Tnh % khi lng mi cht trong hn hp B.
Cu6 : Cho cc ptrnh phn ng sau y:
1. A1 A2 + A3 + A4
2. A1

xt;t

3. A3

A2 + A4

A2 + A 4

4. A1 + Zn + H2SO4 A2 + ZnSO4 + H2O

5. A3 + Zn + H2SO4 A2 + ZnSO4 + H2O
6. A1 + A2 + H2SO4 A5 + NaHSO4 + H2O
7. A5 + NaOH A2 + A6 + H2O
8. A6 A1 + A2
t0

Bit: Trong iu kin thng A4, A5 l cc cht kh

A1 c cha 21,6% Na theo khi lng
A3 c cha 18,78% Na theo khi lng
A, A3 l hp cht ca Clo.
Cu 7 : Nguyn t A c 4 loi ng v c cc c im sau:
+Tng s khi ca 4 ng v l 825.
+Tng s ntron ng v A3 v A4 ln hn s ntron ng v A1 l 121
ht.
+Hiu s khi ca ng v A2 v A4 nh hn hiu s khi ca ng v
A1 v A3l 5 n v .
+Tng s phn t ca ng v A1 v A4 ln hn tng s ht khng
mang in ca ng v A2 v A3 l 333 .
+S khi ca ng v A4 bng 33,5% tng s khi ca ba ng v kia .
a)Xc nh s khi ca 4 ng v v s in tch ht nhn ca
nguyn t A .
b)Cc ng v A1 , A2 , A3 , A4 ln lt chim 50,9% , 23,3% , 0,9% v
24,9% tng s nguyn t . Hy tnh KLNT trung bnh ca nguyn t A .
Cu 8: Hon thnh cc phng trnh sau v cn bng theo phng php thng bng e:
Al + HNO3 N2 + NH4NO3 +.............. (vi N2 : NH4NO3 = 1:2 )
FeCl2 + KMnO4 + H2SO4
FeCl3 + H2S
Cu 9: t chy hon ton 4,4g sunfua ca kim loi M (cng thc MS) trong oxi d. Cht
rn sau phn ng em ho tan trong 1 lng va dung dch HNO 3 37,8% thy nng
phn trm ca mui trong dung dch thu c l 41,72%. Khi lm lnh dung dch ny th
thot ra 8,08g mui rn. Lc tch mui rn thy nng phn trm ca mui trong dung
dch l 34,7%. Xc nh cng thc mui rn.
Cu 10. Mt hn hp X gm 3 mui halogen ca kim loi Natri nng 6,23g ha tan hon
ton trong nc c dung dch A. Sc kh clo d vo dung dch A ri c cn hon ton
dung dch sau phn ng c 3,0525g mui khan B. Ly mt na lng mui ny ha tan
vo nc ri cho phn ng vi dung dch AgNO3 d th thu c 3,22875g kt ta. Tm
cng thc ca cc mui v tnh % theo khi lng mi mui trong X.

Bi 1 (1 im): Cc phng trnh phn ng xy ra:

2FeO + 4H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 4H2O
2Fe3O4 + 10H2SO4 3Fe2(SO4)3 + SO2 + 10H2O
Fe2O3 + 3H2SO4 Fe2(SO4)3 + 3H2O
Theo bi ra s mol Fe2(SO4)3 = 0,08(mol); s mol SO2 = 0,02mol
S mol H2SO4 (phn ng) = 0,08.3 + 0,02 = 0,26(mol)
Theo cc phng trnh phn ng s mol H2O = s mol H2SO4 (phn ng) = 0,26(mol)
p dng nh lut bo ton khi lng ta c: m(oxit) + m(axit) = m(mui) + m(kh) + m(nc)
m(oxit) = 32 + 0,02.64 + 0,26.18 0,26.98 = 12,48(gam)
Bi 2 (1 im):
a). Thnh phn phn trm theo th tch ca hn hp kh trc v sau phn ng.
Gi s mol ca SO2 v O2 trong hn hp u ln lt l a v b (a, b > 0).
64a + 32b
= 24.2 a = b %V(SO2) = %V(O2) = 50%.
Theo bi ra ta c:
a+b
Phng trnh phn ng: 2SO2 + O2 2SO3
Gi s mol ca SO2(phn ng) l x(mol) s mol O2(phn ng) l x/2(mol)
Sau phn ng c: s mol SO2 l a x(mol); s mol O2 l a x/2(mol); s mol SO3 l x(mol)
64a + 32a
= 30.2 x = 0,8a. Vy sau phn ng c:
Theo bi ra ta c:
2a 0,5 x
S mol SO2 = 0,2a (mol); s mol O2 = 0,6a(mol); s mol SO3 = 0,8a(mol)
%V(SO3) = 50%; %V(SO2) = 12,5%; %V(O2) = 37,5%.
b). Tnh hiu sut phn ng:
0,8a
.100% = 80%
Do O2 d, nn hiu sut phn ng phi tnh theo SO2: Vy H =
a
Bi 3(1,5 im):
Kh X c kh nng lm mt mu dung dch nc brom nn X phi l H2S hoc SO2.
Gi s X l H2S, ta c phng trnh phn ng:
8R + 5nH2SO4 4R2(SO4)n + nH2S + 4nH2O
5n
5na
8
Theo ptpu: n H 2 SO4 =
nR. Theo bi ra: n H 2 SO4 = nR = a (mol) a =
n = (loi v khng c kim
8
8
5
8
loi no c ho tr ).
5
Vy kh X cho l kh SO2. V ta c phng trnh phn ng:
2R + 2nH2SO4 R2(SO4)n + nSO2 + 2nH2O
Theo phng trnh phn ng ta thy s mol H2SO4(phn ng) = n ln s mol kim loi R.
M s mol H2SO4 phn ng = s mol kim loi R = a (mol) n = 1.
Vy kim loi R cho c ho tr I.
Cho kh X phn ng vi dung dch Br2 xy ra phn ng sau:
SO2 + Br2 + 2H2O H2SO4 + 2HBr
(2)
Theo (2): n SO2 = n Br2 = 0,5.0,2 = 0,1(mol); theo (1): n RSO4 = n SO2 = 0,1(mol)

Theo bi ra khi lng ca R2SO4 = 31,2g M R2 SO4 =

31, 2
= 312 MR = 108 (R l Ag).
0,1

Cu 4Theo bi ta c h :
2ZR + NR + 2ZX + NX = 149
ZR + ZX = 46
NR + NX = 57 NX = 45 , NR =12 .
NX = 3,75.NR
MRX= ZR + ZX + NR + NX = 46 + 57 = 103 .
Vy MR = 22,33.103/100 = 23 MX = 80 . Hp cht NaBr .
b) hh NaCl(a mol ) ; NaBr(b mol) ; NaI(c mol)
ta c h :
58,5.a + 103.b + 150.c = 5,76 .
58,5.a + 103.(b+c) = 5,29 .
c=0,01 mol .
+)Nu Cl2 ch phn ng vi NaI : K.lng mui = 5,76-0,01.150+0,1.58,5 = 4,845 g
Theo bi m= 3,955 g (nn loi ).
+)Vy Cl2 phn ng vi NaI v NaBr :
Cl2 + 2NaBr 2NaCl + Br2 .
0,04-a 0,04-a.
Hh mui khan gm : NaBr d (b-0,04+a) . v NaCl ( 0,05) . Vy ta c :
58,5.0,05 + 103.(a+b-0,04) = 3,955 . a= 0,02 mol ; b= 0,03 mol ; c= 0,01 mol .
Cu 7
4p + n1 + n2 + n3 + n4 =825.
(1)
n3 + n4 n1 = 121 .
(2)
n1 n3 (n2 n4) = 5 .
(3)
4p + n1 + n4 (n2 + n3) = 333 .
(4)
100(p + n4) = 33,5(3p + n1 + n2 + n3) .(5)
T (2) : n1= n3 + n4 121 .
T (3) : n2= n1 n3 + n4 5 = 2n4 126 .
Thay vo (4) ta c : 4p + n3 + n4- 124 + 2n4 n3 + 126 = 333 . p = 82 .
Theo bi ta c h
Phng trnh :

Thay n1 , n2 v p vo (1) v (5) ta c h : 2n3 + 4n4 = 744 .

67n 3
n3 = 122 v n4=125
Vy n1 = 126 v n2 = 124 .
Cc s khi l :
A1=208 ; A2=206 ; A3=204 ; A4= 207 ATB= 207,249 .

p n cu 9:
V O2 d nn M c ho tr cao nht trong oxit
2MS + (2 + n:2)O2 M2On + 2SO2 (0,25 )
a
0,5a
M2On + 2nHNO3 2M(NO3)n + n H2O
(0,25 )
0,5a
an
a
Khi lng dung dch HNO3
m = an 63 100 : 37,8 = 500an : 3 (g)
Khi lng dung dch sau phn ng
m = aM + 8an + 500an : 3 (g)
Ta c (aM + 62an) : (aM + 524an: 3) = 0,4172

0,5n4

8233,5

Nn M = 18,65n
Chn n = 3 Suy ra M = 56 (Fe)
Ta c: a(M+32)= 4,4 Suy ra a = 0,05
khi lng Fe(NO3)3 l
m= 0,05 242 = 12,1(g)
Khi lng dung dch sau khi mui kt tinh :
mdd = aM + 524an: 3 8,08 =20,92 (g)
Khi lng Fe(NO3)3 cn li trong dung dch l :
m = 20,92 34,7 : 100 = 7,25924 (g)
Khi lng Fe(NO3)3 kt tinh
m = 12,1 - 7,25924 = 4,84 (g)
t cng thc Fe(NO3)3 . nH2O
Suy ra 4,84:242 (242 + 18n) = 8,08 Suy ra n = 9
CT Fe(NO3)3 . 9H2O

(0,50 )

(0,50 )
(0,50 )

Cu 10. Gi s lng mui khan B thu c sau khi cho clo d vo dung dch A ch c NaCl
nNaCl =

3, 0525
= 0, 0522mol
58,5

NaCl + AgNO3 AgCl + NaNO3

Theo (1) nNaCl = nAgCl =

(1)

3, 22875
.2 = 0, 045mol < 0, 0522mol
143,5

Do , mui khan B thu c ngoi NaCl cn c NaF. Vy trong hn hp X cha NaF.

mNaF = mB mNaCl = 3,0525 0,045.58,5 = 0,42(g)
% NaF =

0, 42
.100% = 6, 74%
6, 23

Gi cng thc chung ca hai mui halogen cn li l: NaY

(2)
2 NaY + Cl2 2 NaCl + Y2
Theo (2) nNaY = nNaCl = 0, 045mol
mNaY = mX mNaF = 6, 23 0, 42 = 5,81( g )

Do : M NaY =

5,81
= 129,11 = 23 + M Y M Y = 106,11
0, 045

phi c mt halogen c M > 106,11 l iot. Vy cng thc ca mui th 2 l NaI.

Do c hai trng hp:
* Trng hp 1: NaF, NaCl v NaI
Gi a, b ln lt l s mol ca NaCl v NaI
58,5a + 150b = 5,81 a = 0, 01027

a + b = 0, 045
b = 0, 03472

Ta c:

mNaCl = 58,5.0,01027 = 0,6008(g)

mNaI = 150. 0,03472 = 5,208 (g)
0, 6008
.100% = 9, 64%
6, 23
0, 6008
% NaCl =
.100% = 9, 64%
6, 23
% NaF = 6, 77%
% NaI = 83,59%

Vy: % NaCl =

Trng hp 2: NaF, NaBr v NaI

103a '+ 150b ' = 5,81 a ' = 0, 02

a '+ b ' = 0, 045

b ' = 0, 025

Ta c:

mNaBr = 103.0,02 = 2,06(g)

mNaI = 150.0,025 = 3,75 (g)
Vy % NaBr =

2, 06
.100% = 33, 07%
6, 23

3, 75
.100% = 60,19%
6, 23
% NaF = 6, 74%
% NaI =