Ш rainian Weeklї

їііШ by the Ukrainian National Association inc., a fraternal non-profit association!

vol. LlH No. 41 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985 25 cente

Famine documentary screened for press New bishop ordained for

at 23rd New York Film Festival Ukrainian Orthodox Church
by Roma Hadzewycz
NEW YORK - "Harvest of Des–
рац," the documentary about the Great
Famine of 1932-33, which killed some 7
million inhabitants of Ukraine, was
premiered at a special press screening at
the 23rd annual New York Film Festival
"Harvest of Despair"
wins second award
COLUMBUS, Ohio - "Harvest
of Despair," the 55-minute documen–
tary on the 1932-33 Great Famine in
Ukraine, has won its second award,
the Chris Statuette Award for best
social documentary film, at the 33rd
Annual Columbus international
Film Festival.
The Chris Statuette, a bronze copy
of the Christopher Columbus statue
located in front of Columbus City
Hall, will be presented at a Novem–
ber 2 banquet tofilmmakersSlavko
Nowytski and Yurij Luhovy, who
produced the film on the forgotten
holocaust, which claimed some 7 to
10 million Ukrainians, for the To–
ronto-based Ukrainian Famine Re-
search Committee.
The 16mm documentary also won
first prize, the Gold Lone Star
Award, in the politics, government
and world relations category of
documentary films at the Houston
international Film Festival in April.
"Harvest of Despair'' director Slavko Nowytski (left) responds to questions during
the news conference after the press screening of his documentary about the Great
Famine of 1932-33 in Ukraine. Also in the photo are: Pierre Beuchot (center),
director of "Le Temps Detruit" and Richard Roud, director of the 23rd New York
Film Festival.
on Monday, October 7.
The public screening was scheduled
for Thursday, October 10.
At the press screening, the famine
documentary was shown along with a
French film, "Le Temps Detruit" (De–
stroyed Time), which tells the stories of
three men killed in the early stages of
World War 11. The directors of both
films, Slavko Nowytski ("Harvest of
Despair'') and Pierre Beuchot ("Le
Temps Detruit"), appeared at a news
conference immediately after the press
screening. The conference moderator
was Richard Roud, director of the 23rd
New York Film Festival, who also acted
as interpreter for Mr. Beuchot.
Questions asked covered various
topics from the technical aspects of the
films' production to their content
AmOng the questions posed to Mr.
Nowytski were: Where may more infor–
mation be obtained about the demo-
graphic aspects of the famine? When
was the famine reported in the world
press? Did Nikita Khrushchev make
any effort to uncover the famine in his
historic speech? Where was the film
footage obtained and what years is it
from?
Others asked: Why did Walter
Duranty, Moscow correspondent of
The New York Times, conceal the
famine? Which governments knew
about the famine as it was in progress,
and how did they know? Was the famine
also the result of a failure of the socialist
experiment, or the bureaucratic in–
competence of the Soviet system?
(Continued on page 14)
- - – - . S M a r t a Kotomayets
Metropolitan Mstyslav presents the crozier of the office of bishop to newly
ordained Bishop Antony.
by Marta Kolomayets Antony said to Metropolitan Mstyslav,
primate of the Ukrainian Orthodox
SOUTH BOUND BROOK, N.J. - Church and Archbishops Constantine
Archmandrite Antony Scharba was of Chicago and Wolodymyr of Great
ordained to the episcopate of the Britain:
Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the "1 confess my sinfulness before you
U.S.A. by Metropolitan Mstyslav all this evening, in word, in deed and in
during elaborate ceremonies here at the thought, and l beg for your prayers, that
Ukrainian Orthodox Center's St. An– God will look beneath this thin layer of
drew the First-Ca!led Apostle Memo- skin that stands here before you to find
rial Church on Sunday, October 6. what is good in my heart, what is good
The consecration was preceded by the in my soul, and to build upon it, so that І
ritual of nomination conducted the may serve him and our holy Church
previous day, also at St. Andrew's with honor and with humility all the
Church. days of my life."
Bishop Antony was elected by the Solemnly promising to do his best to
Sobor of Bishops of the Ukrainian follow in the footsteps of Christ, his
Orthodox Church, which approved him holy Apostles and the spiritual leaders
a worthy candidate for the episcopacy. of the Holy Ukrainian Orthodox
The newly ordained bishop now be– Church, to preserve the authenticity of
comes a member of that Sobor. the whole universal and apostolic faith,
to be vigilant in overseeing the spiritual,
Ritual of nomination moral and temperal development of the
Ukrainian Orthodox Church and to
"St. John Chrysostom wrote as he protect and defend to his dying breath
was asked to take the office of bishop: '1 the great treasure which is the Ukrai–
know my own soul, how feeble and how nian Orthodox Church, Archmandrite
puny it is. і know the magnitude of the Antony prepared himself for his new
ministry and the great difficulty of the role as bishop.
work, for more stormy billows disturb
the soul of the bishop than the gales 300 witness consecration
which disturb the sea.' "
So pledged Archmandrite Antony The consecration services began on
during his ritual of nomination for the Sunday, October 6, at 9:30 a.m. with
office of bishop of the Ukrainian more than 300 faithful witnessing the
Orthodox Church of the U.S.A. on grandeur of the episcopal ordination of
Saturday evening, October 5, after Bishop Antony. The service was con-
vespers at St. Andrew's Memorial celebrated by Metropolitan Mstyslav,
Ukrainian Orthodox Church. Archbishops Constantine and Wolo–
During the first part of a two-day dymyr and eight other clergy of the
chirotony ceremony, Archmandrite (Continued on page 3)

A GLIMPSE OF SOVIET REALITY
Ukrainian Catholic Church chronicle's
special issue reac hes the West
by Roman Solchanyk
Л special issue of The Chronicle of
the Catholic Church in Ukraine, un–
numbered and undated, has reached the
West through samizdat channels. From
the contents, it is clear that this special
edition (ekstrennyi vypusk) was corn-
piled at the end of November 1984.
Unlike previous issues, nine of which
have become available, this latest
Chronicle is shorter in length (three
typewritten pages in the original) and
concerns itsei! primarily with one topic
the regime's determined attempt to
destroy the initiative Group for the
Defense of the Right of Believers and
the Church in Ukraine, which circulates
the Chronicle.
in a statement tilled "Resistance and
Submissiveness." Yosyp Terelia writes:
"On November 12-14. the initiative
Group tor the Defense of the Rights of
Believers and the Church in Ukraine
was crushed: the chairman. Yasyl
Kobryn. has been arrested; the secre–
tary. Father Hryhoriy Budzinsky. has
disappeared along with his driver and
no one knows where; 1 have gone
underground: other members of the
group are under house arrest 'until
things are cleared up.' "
Mr. Terelia has been the leadingforce
in a group of activists that, over the past
several years, has campaigned for the
legalization and restoration of the
Ukrainian Catholic (Uniate) Church in
the USSR. Ukrainian Uniates, said to
number approximately 4 million, have
led an underground existence since 1946
when their Church was banned by
Soviet authorities.
in September 1982, Mr. Terelia and
four others established the initiative
Group, which began to issue the Chro–
nicle in early 1984. At about the same
time, he compiled another samvydav
journal. The Ukrainian Catholic Hc–
rald, the first issue of which has also
been received in the West. Mr. Terelia
served as the first chairman of the
initiative Group and, simultaneously,as
head of the Central Committee of
Ukrainian Catholics. He was arrested
on February 8, on charges of "anti-
Soviet agitation and propaganda," and
on August 20 a court in Uzhhorod
sentenced him to a term of seven years
in the camps and five years of internal
exile.
Mr. Kobryn has since been tried and
sentenced. On March 22, he was given a
three-year term for "dissemination of
knowingly false fabrications discrediting
the Soviet political and social system"
(Article 187-1 of the Criminal Code of
the Ukrainian SSR). His trial is des–
cribed in an article in the oblast news-
paper Lvovskaya Pravda of April 13.
The same article reveals that Mr.
Budzinsky was summoned by the court
as a witness, in fact, Mr. Budzinsky's
mysterious disappearance in mid-No–
vember 1984 was clarified in the ninth
issue of the Chronicle — he was de–
tained in a hospital and released on
December 11 — which was compiled at
the end of December 1984 or at the
beginning of January 1985.
Earlier in the special edition of the
Chronicle, readers are informed that
Mr. Terelia's apartment was searched
on November 14, that on the following
day he was summoned for questioning,
and that on that evening he managed to
flee from his guarded apartment. As
THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY
mentioned above, he was arrested in
February.
One of the interesting details revealed
in the special edition is that the 10th
issue of the Chronicle had been corn-
piled and that it was confiscated along
with other materials when Mr. Kobryn
was searched and arrested in November
1984. Further information is provided
about the search at Mr. Terelia's home,
including his refusal to sign the protocol
of the search because it was composed
in Russian. The special edition also
states that between November 9 and 14
over 300 Ukrainian Catholics were
given a final warning by the authorities
to accept Soviet passports that they had
disowned earlier.
"Not one Catholic." writes the Chro–
nicle, "carried out the order of the
authorities, so that Soviet prisons and
concentration camps are being filled
with new victims of the tyranny of the
Communists." There is also a reference
to the deaths in 1984 of three Ukrainian
human-rights activists - Oleksiy
Tykhy, Yuriy Lytvyn and Уаіегіу
Marchenko — while incarcerated in the
Kuchino camp in the Perm Oblast.
The special edition also includes the
text of an appeal by Mr. Terelia to
Catholics in Europe and North and
South America dated November 15,
1984. in Lviv. Mr. Terelia writes that:
"A new pogrom of Ukrainian Catho–
lics has begun, (a pogrom) of all mem–
bers of the initiative Group... What are
the Ukrainian Catholics guilty of? We
are guilty of one thing - we want to
pray openly and bring up our children,
but we are not permitted to do so. We
ask of the authorities only one thing -
legalization - but they incarcerate us
in prisons and camps."
The final text in the Chronicle is Mr.
Terelia's "Resistance and Submissive–
ness." He writes that prior to his earlier
arrest, in December 1982, "our move–
ment had a loyal character vis-a-vis the
authorities," but that subsequently
opinions became divided. According to
Mr. Terelia, there is a radical wing
among the Ukrainian Catholic activists
that favors "a more realistic fform of)
resistance to the regime," including
conducting partisan warfare on the
territory of the USSR.
The point of departure for these
people was the murder of the Polish
Catholic activist priest Jerzy Popielus–
zko. Mr. Terelia himself states his views
are more moderate, "that the regime
will after all agree to the recognition and
legalization of our Church." He argues
that:
"One should not forget that in Russia
of the Soviets Stalinism is simply
impossible, it can not return, indeed, it
is not needed by Moscow's rulers; to
speak well of Stalin does not yet mean
to wish for his return. Even the current
pogrom of the Ukrainian Catholic
Church is a cul-de-sac and f reveals) the
impotence of the authorities, which is a
consequence of their rejection of
Christ."
To some, this would appear to be an
exceedingly optimistic evaluation of the
current situation, if the virtually non-
stop flow of so-called atheistic and anti–
Uniate publications in the Soviet Ukrai–
nian media can be taken as a fairly
reliable indication of the regime's
position on the Ukrainian Catholic
(Uniate) Church, then there can be little
hope that Mr. Terelia's vision of the
future will become reality.
SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985 No. 41
West German news magazine says
Sakharov, Shcharansky may be freed
HAMBURG - Soviet dissidents
Andrei Sakharoy and Anatoly Shcha–
ransky may be.allowed to leave the
Soviet Union, according to a report
published in Der Spiegel, a West Ger–
man news magazine.
Der Spiegel said on October 3 that
East Germany was mediating talks
between Washington and Moscow. The
report said that the two rights activists
would be allowed to leave the USSR
after the November summit meeting
between President Ronald Reagan and
Soviet leader Mikhail Gorbachev.
A relative of Dr. Sakharov, however,
discounted the report, noting that
speculation the Nobel Peace Prize
laureate will be permitted to leave the
Soviet Union is merely a publicity stunt
designed to ease conflicts over human-
rights issues.
Efrem Yankelevich, who is married
to Dr. Sakharov's stepdaughter, said he
does not believe the physicist will ever Dr. Andrei Sakharov
be allowed to emigrate.
Mr. Yankelevich added that it would Sakharov as a goodwill gesture before
the summit, but not after.
make sense for the Soviets to release Dr.
Baptist pastor rearrested, sentenced
KESTON, England - The fears completely, if not kill him, reported
Keston College.
expressed by family and friends that
Baptist Nikolai Boiko would be rearrest– in the months before his resenlencing,
Mr. Boiko was frequently asked to
ed in labor camp and given an addi–
tional sentence have proved to be renounce his faith in exchange for
freedom. He wrote to his family in
justified. According to information
reaching the Friedensstimme mission, April:
"1 categorically refuse to renounce
Mr. Boiko was sentenced on July 1 to an
additional two and a half years' strict- my faith and not only am 1 prepared to
be a prisoner for life but also 1 am ready
regimen camp for persistent violation of
camp regulations under Article 183-3 of to die for Christ's sake... Please pray
for me to God that He will give me the
the RSFSR Criminal Code.
Mr. Boiko is the pastor of the unre– strength to remain true to him to the
end, to preach and defend the gospel
gistered Baptist church in Odessa. He
was arrested in September 1980, having without fear, and to remain steadfast..."
already served two previous terms оГ
imprisonment. He was sentenced to five
years' strict-regimen camp and five
years' exile. He was sent to the Khaba–
Afghan insurgents
rovsk region in the Eastern part of
Siberia to serve the camp sentence to prod U.N.
which he was due to complete at the end
of September, but now he will remain in BOSTON - The main alliance of
camp until March 1988 before being anti-Communist Afghan rebels said on
transferred to exile. October 6 that it would send a delega–
Now 63 years old, Mr. Boiko has tion to the United Nations General
spent 20 years of his life in labor camps, Assembly in ordei to try to unseat the
as well as five years in exile. His health Soviet-backed Kabul government.
has been seriously undermined by all The Christian Science Monitor also
this time spent in camps, and has been reported that a spokesman for the
particularly badly affected by the harsh alliance, Gulbuddin Hekmatyar, said
climate of the Khabarovsk region. He the alliance, formed last May from two
has heart problems and high blood competing coalitions of Moslem guer–
pressure and is officially recognized as rillas, would seek official recognition
disabled. His family fears that the extra from the islamic Conference Organiza–
time in camp will destroy his health tion.
Qlcrainian Weekr FOUNDED 1933
An English-language Ukrainian newspaper published by the Ukrainian National
Association inc., a non-profit association, at 30 Montgomery St, Jersey City, NІJ.
07302.
Second-class postage paid at Jersey City, N.J., 07302.
(1SSN - 0273-9348)
Yearly subscription rate: S8; for UNA members - (5.
Also published by the UNA: Svoboda, a Ukrainian-language daily newspaper.
The Weekly and Svoboda: UNA:
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Postmaster, send address changes to:
The Ukrainian Weekly
P.O. Box 346 Editor. Roma Hadzewycz
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No. 41 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985 з

New bishop ordained...

(Continued from page 1)
Ukrainian Orthodox Church of the
U.S.A. Responses were sung by the
church choir directed by Taras Pavlov-
sky.
After performing the laying-on of the
hands, the metropolitan told the newly
ordained bishop and the faithful
gathered: "The Ukrainian Orthodox
Church, in its almost 1,000 years of
history, occupies a unique place in
history and y o u . Bishop A n t o n y , a
proud son of that Church must act in
such a manner that people may im–
mediately recognize your a p o s t o l i c
position. Bishop Antony, you have the
opportunity to be a large part of the
history of our holy Church and 20th
century of Christianity."
Metropolitan Mstyslav then present–
ed the newly ordained bishop with a
crozier, the symbol of his office. Bishop
Antony thus became the newest
member of the Sober of Bishops of the
Ukrainian O r t h o d o x Church, the
highest governing body of the Ukrai–
nian Orthodox Church serving parishes
in the United States, South America,
Great Britain, Western Europe, Austra–
sana Brvn, who was accompanied by
pianist Agnes Smuda.
Pennsylvania-born bishop
Bishop A n t o n y was born J o h n
Scharba on January 30, 1947, in
Sharon, Pa., to John and D o r o t h y
Scharba. in 1964-1966 he attended
Edinboro State University and majored
in education, in 1966 he pursued theo–
logical studies at St. Andrew College in
Winnipeg, where he completed a bache–
lor of divinity degree. Simultaneously,
he studied at University of Manitoba and
was granted a bachelor of arts degree
from this institution.
The Rev. Shcarba pursued graduate
degrees in theology at Loyola Univer–
sity in Chicago, and the Graduate
School of Education at Purdue Univer–
sity in lndiana.
He was ordained to the deaconate on
October 1, 1972, at St. v i a d i m i r ' s
Ukrainian Orthodox Parish in Parma,
Ohio, by Archbishop Constantine. On
November 26, 1972, he was ordained to
the priesthood by Archbishop Constan– Мама Kolomavets

lia and New Zealand, and throughout (Continued on page 12) A well-wisher greets the newly consecrated bishop.
the free world in places settled by
Ukrainian Orthodox faithful.
The episcopal ordination was follow–
ed by the new bishop's greeting to the
faithful and the well-wishers expressing
their joy on this festive occasion.
At 1:30 p.m. a banquet and concert
were held in honor of Bishop Antony in
the main hall of the Home of Ukrainian
Culture of the Ukrainian Orthodox
Church of the U.S.A. Representatives
of Ukrainian community, youth and
church organizations bestowed greet–
ings upon the newly ordained spiritual
leader during the afternoon event which
was attended by more than 450 faithful.
Serving as toastmasters of the ban–
quet were. William Pastuszek and Petro
Hursky, who led the program in both
the English and Ukrainian languages.
The very Rev. Protopriest Paul Hryny–
shyn delivered opening remarks and
introduced the hierarchs and clergy-
present at the celebration.
During the concert segment of the
afternoon program, soprano Zinovia
Staroshchak performed Ukrainian
selections. She was accompanied on the
piano by Taras Rudenko. a seminarian
at St. Sophia Ukrainian O r t h o d o x
Seminary in South Bound Brook.
v i o l i n i s t Raphael Wenke played a
number of compositions: he wasaccom–
panied by pianist Daria Hordynsky–
Karanovych. Completing the Sunday The new bishop with Metropolitan Mstyslav and the Scharba family after the consecration. To the left of Bishop Anton)
afternoon program was soprano Ok– stands his mother, Dorothy, to the right, his father, John.

"1 pray for a faith so strong that the Church, this

gift of God to the Ukrainian nation and to the
world, will stand so firmly upon it, that in the
words of our Lord, the gates of hell shall not
prevail against it. І pray that the joy of each and
every one of you gathered here today is as
great, as complete, and all-encompassing as is
mine and 1 ask that you pray fervently for me,
for the enlightenment of my mind by the Holy
Spirit and the salvation of my soul in Christ.
And 1 shall pray for each of you, so that the
grace of our Savior, Jesus Christ, the love of
God the Father and the fellowship of the Holy
Spirit will be with you always.".
The newly consecrated bishop gives communion to one of the young faithful - Bishop Antony
-present at the episcopal ceremony.
 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER 13, 1985 „ „ „ „ „ „ - - - - N o . 41

TUSM 10 found guilty De Paul University conference

in D.C. protest action covers religious liberty in USSR
WASHINGTON - The trial of io prosecution: "The comparison between by the Rev. Peter Galadza presentation and stated that while only
Ukrainian students arrested in late protestors at the South African and 20 percent of the Soviet population is
March while protesting the continued Soviet e m b a s s i e s is n o t v a l i d . " CH1CAGO - DePaul University Ukrainian, 40 percent of the political
incarceration of Yuriy Shukhevych Summarily, the prosecution's motion to was the site on October 3 of a confe– and religious prisoners are Ukrainian.
ended here on September 24 with a quash the defense's motion was granted. rence, "Culture and Community: The W h e n a s k e d by R a b b i A r n o l d
verdict of guilty. The "TUSM 10" were Struggle for Religious Liberty in the Kaiman. host of W1ND Radio's "Ask
sentenced to a fine of SSO dollars or two With regard to "congregated" uncon– U S S R , " sponsored by the National the Rabbi," whether cooperation exists
days in prison for violating a District of stitutionality. Justice Maclntyre further inter-religious Task Force on Soviet between Ukrainian dissidents and those
Columbia ordinance that prohibits stated: "The law's original authors Jewry and the American Jewish Com– of other national and religious groups in
"congregating within 500 feet of a should have been more careful in their mittee. the USSR, Prof. Markus replied "Defi–
foreign embassy." usage of language, but this court cannot Two of the five panelists were Ukrai– nitely. They know that only together
Throughout the trial, John Nissikas at this time rule on semantical nians: Prof, vasyl Markus of Loyola can human rights be achieved."
and Thomas Hall of the American Civil questions." He proceeded t o dismiss U n i v e r s i t y s p o k e o n t h e s t a t u s of The second Ukrainian panelist, Nata–
Liberties U n i o n , t h e d e f e n d a n t s ' this motion as well. Following the Ukrainian Catholics in the USSR; and lia v i n s , began her presentation by
lawyers, did not contest the fact that the defense motions' dismissal and positive Natalia vins, daughter of Pastor Georgi referring to the plight of her own family.
Ukrainian students were actually within identification of most of the defendants, vins, made a presentation titled "The Her father, Georgi, had spent eight
500 feet of the Soviet embassy. Rather, the judge passed sentence. Present Plight of Evangelicals in the years in p r i s o n a n d c o n c e n t r a t i o n
the plea of not guilty was entered on the One of the defendants, Peter Soviet Union." camps. Her grandmother was given a
basis of two principles. Shmigel, T U S M national president, in his 20-minute presentation. Prof. two-year sentence at the age of 63, and
First, the defense lawyers believed commented: "it seems as if the judicial Markus outlined the plight of Ukrai– her brother Petro was imprisoned for
their clients were being prosecuted system has used us as an instrument of nian C a t h o l i c s within t h e b r o a d e r one year for his membership in the
selectively, demonstrators at the South U.S. foreign policy. After all, they don't context of Soviet Russification and Ukrainian Helsinki Monitoring Group.
African embassy are routinely released arrest the South African protesters in ethnic genocide. "1 a m here to present "As you can see," stated Ms. vins, "1
following arrest for being in violation of order to exert informal pressure on the my - j'accuse'against the U S S R " began speak from experience."
the same ordinance. apartheid government. Maybe, we, Prof. Markus. He then proceeded to Ms. v i n s focused on the fate of
The defense lawyers also wished to Ukrainian human-rights protestors, speak of his own experience under the Pastor Dimitri Minyakov, 64, who, like
challenge the constitutionality of the were used to send signals before Soviets until his escape to the West m scores of other Evangelicals, is serving
ordinance, specifically its semantic Geneva, it's quite possible that the late 1945. his 10th year of imprisonment in a
structure with regard to the word American legislative, executive and Prof. Markus mentioned that recent– strict-regimen concentration camp.
"congregate"; they argued that the judiciary systems are willing to support ly three Ukrainian Catholic priests and Critically ill. Pastor Minyakov now
actions taken by the Ukrainian students people like Yuriy Shukhevych only two nuns have been murdered by the weighs only 116 p o u n d s a n d is in
did n o t c o n s t i t u t e an a c t of rhetorically and as is expedient for their Soviets. He continued, "These are cases desperate need of medical attention.
"congregating," which has a violent needs." that we know of. There are, of course, Ms. vins pointed out that "Soviet law
connotation. After the trial's completion, which many other cases that we do not know provides tor the immediate release and
Justice Maclntyre, presiding over the was covered in the September 25 edition of." return home of critically ill prisoners
trial, was not of a like mind. He stated, of The Washington Post, the Ukrainian Prof. Markus dwelled on the plight of (Article 200 of the R S F S R Criminal
in his comments on the defense's motion students' attorneys announced their in– Yosyp Terelia, head of an action group Code). Unfortunately this law is rarely
to dismiss on the grounds of selective tention to appeal the initial verdict. for the legalization of the Ukrainian observed, and it was never applied to
Catholic Church, who has recently been Pastor Minyakov."
re-arrested and has spent one-half of his in referring to the harsh fate of those
Millennium committee founded in D.C. e n t i r e life in Soviet p r i s o n s . Prof.
Markus emphasized that it is high time
Christians committed to psychiatric
- hospitals-as-a-form of punishmentrMs.
WASHINGTON - The organiza– fund-raising activities currently taking for the West to end its conspiracy of vins pointed out that "Atheism con–
place. Discussions centered on the idea silence with regard to individuals such siders faith in God abnormal. Simply
tional meeting of the local Washington
of making personal contact with poten– as M r . T e r e l i a a n d t h e U k r a i n i a n acknowledging the existence of God is
b r a n c h of the m i l l e n n i u m of Rus'–
tial c o n t r i b u t o r s via s m a l l , p r i v a t e Catholic Church in general. considered evidence of mental distur–
Ukraine Christianity Committee —
Harvard Project took place at the St. gatherings as well as larger receptions, Sister Anne Gillen, executive director b a n c e . i n n o c e n t p e o p l e have been
S o p h i a Religious i n s t i t u t e here on at which the significance and progress of the Task.Force, who moderated the diagnosed as 'sluggish schizophrenics,'
September 5. Over the past several of the Harvard Project can be presented panel discussion, quoted The Ukrainian commited indefinitely and subjected to
months, a number of such branches and questions entertained. Weekly in her remarks on Prof. Markus's (Continued on page 15)
have been formed by Ukrainian com– With the assistance of The Washing-
munities in metropolitan areas. ton Group, an Organization of Ukrai–
nian-American Professionals, work is
At the organizational meeting, repre–
sentatives of three Washington parishes already under way toward compiling a IN THE PRESS
— the Rev. Hryhoriy Podhurec from comprehensive mailing list of Ukrai–
St. A n d r e w ' s U k r a i n i a n O r t h o d o x (Continued on page 15)
Church, the Rev. Taras Lonchyna from
the Holy Trinity Particular Ukrainian
Press focuses on Ukrainian Museum
Catholic Church, and the Rev. Joseph N E W Y O R K - T h e New York son State College in Dickinson, N.D.,
Denischuk from the Holy Family U– Studies fund created Times, in its New Jersey Weekly section and locally, the Ukrainian Orthodox
krainian Catholic National Shrine - for Sunday, August 25, published a Cultural Center and Library in South
were invited to serve on the Washington at U. of lllinois lengthy article by Muriel Jacobs, des–
cribing the Ukrainian folk art exhibit
Bound B r o o k . N . J . , as well as t h e
U k r a i n i a n N a t i o n a l A s s o c i a t i o n in
branch honorary committee.
The following officers were elected to CH1CAGO - A Ukrainian Studies which o p e n e d on t h a t d a t e at t h e Jersey City. N.J. Several photos of the
the Washington branch executive com– Fund at the University of lllinois in Monmouth Museum in Lincroft, N.J., exhibition accompanied the article.
mittee: Martha P. Mostovych, presi– Chicago was established on August 27 and is scheduled t o run through Octo– The Star-Ledger, New Jersey's lar–
dent; ihor Gawdiak, vice-president; by the Committee for the Foundation of ber 13. This is a traveling exhibition gest newspaper, carried a long article in
H a l y n a Breslawec, t r e a s u r e r : a n d Ukrainian Studies. organized by The Ukrainian Museum its Wednesday, September 18, edition,
George Sajewych, secretary. The establishment of the fund was the of New York City and had its inaugural titled "Ukrainian Folk Art: More Than
An additional eight persons joined as result of a committee meeting which run at the New Jersey State Museum in Just Easter Eggs." The author, Anne-
active members: Michael Bochno, Orest approved the decision by a unanimous Trenton in 1984. Marie Cottone, described individual
Deychakiwsky, Eugene iwanciw, Ze– vote. The author described in detail indivi– items on exhibit, commenting on the
non Kohut, Claudia Korbutiak, Deme– The meeting was held at the request dual items on exhibit, such as costumes, intricacy of designs, patterns, details
trius Romaniuk, Natalie Sluzar and of the initiating group, consisting of kylyms, embroideries, ritual cloths and color combinations, described in
lhor vitkovitsky. Roman Kobylecky, head, volodymyr (rushnyky), woodcarved objects, cera– detail several costumes from different
Bohdan Balko, Nadia Komarnyckyj– Oharenko and Yaroslav Uiashewsky, mics and Easter eggs (pysanky). Ms. regions of Ukraine and pointed out the
McConnell and Bohdan Yasinsky were members. Jacobs also wrote briefly about the exhibit's purpose: t o inform the public
elected to the auditing and nominating A founding statute for the Founda– history of Ukraine's struggle for in– of Ukrainian folk art, its evolution and
committee of the branch. Mrs. Komar– tion of Ukrainian Studies at the Uni– dependence, restrictions on the Ukrai– continuity.
nyckyj-McConnell, Mr. Bochno and versity of lllinois was signed, a n d nian language under Moscow's domi– The Trenton Home News and the
M r . v i t k o v i t s k y h a d served on t h e applications for state and federal incor– nation, the several waves of immigra– Asbury Park Press also carried articles
nominating committee that prepared poration have been made. tion to t n e United S t a t e s a n d t h e about the Ukrainian folk art exhibition,
the list of prospective candidates for the Dr. P a u l N a d z i k e w y c z , a n active continued preservation of ethnic iden– each accompanied by photographs.
Washington branch executive commit– member of Chicago's Ukrainian com– tity. it was noted that this exhibit was
tee. munity, was nominated to serve as The author listed institutions and partly funded by the New York State
The p a r t i c i p a n t s at t h e organiza– president of the foundation. Other centers concentrating on collecting and Council on the Arts, the Geraldlne R.
tional meeting enthusiastically pooled members of the executive board in– preserving material pertaining to Ukrai– Dodge Foundation and private contri–
ideas, insights and experience regarding clude: ivan Derkach. vice-president; nian immigration, such as the immigra– butions. The Monmouth Museum is
fund-raising endeavors, in an effort to Bohdan Oleksiuk, secretary; Mr. llia– tion History Research Center at the located on the campus of !lrookdale
lay out a local plan in order that this shewsky. t r e a s u r e r : T a r a s Gav,ryk, university oi Minnesota in M. каш, me Communitv College in in.roll. N.J..
campaign may be successful amid all the (Continued on page 4) Ukrainian Cultural institute at Dickin– (201)747-2266.
No. 41 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985

Commentary
LETTERS TO THE ED1TOR
Oversimplification leads to errors see a Ukrainian flag. Eleven years ago it
in use of historical labels Lauds Mostovych was the same. The only place it exists is
in the United States of America, and
by Dr. George Kulchytsky accepted C hristianit) lrom Byzantium on recollections other free nations, which are not many
and by the 1 lth century. Kiev could in number.
Dear Editor: By the way, not only does the law
Oversimplification and sweeping boast of 400 churches and eight market-
generalizations are perhaps the worst places. Us rulers ^became related to 1 read with great interest Dr. mandate the American flag be flown
enemies ol a true historian. Unfor– almost every royal house of Europeand Leonidas Mostovych's article with flags of other nations when flown
lunately, our school texts seems to one of them, Yaroslav the Wise, was "Recollections: former prisoner recalls on our land and territories, but it must
freely indulge in such oversimplifica– known as the "father-in-law of Europe." life and death in Nazi camps" which also fly higher when displayed with
tions when dealing with the question of But. in spite of its wealth and culture, appeared in the September 8 issue of more than one other flag.
Kievan-Rus' began to decline. Constant
Kievan R us.'choosing to label i f Kievan The Ukrainian Weekly. What caught І don't know where you come from,
Russia." To assume that Kiev, the power struggles, wars against bar– my attention was the mention of the but you certainly are not among the
capital of Ukraine, has something to dobarians (volodymyr Monomakh alone author's camp number. І had recently majority of new immigrant Ukrainians
fought over 70 battles against them finished reading O. Dansky's book that we have met.
with Russia, is to assume that since their
capital is Russian the Ukrainians, of during his reign), and the loss of the "Khochu Zhyty!" (1 Want to Live), the Shame on vou.
profitable trade routes left Kievan Rus' cover of which features a Nazi concen– Helen Slovik
necessity, must also be Russian. This
extremely vulnerable to the Mongolian tration camp prisoner with the number
kind of logic is similar to the notion that McAdoo, Pa.
horde which soon swept across Asia and U 57373 sewn to his shirt. This number
the "peoples of the Soviet Union are all is only 20 away from Dr. Mostovych's
Russian." then into Europe. number. The events described in the
The purpose of this brief article is to
explain away some of the semantic sins
Even before the Mongolian invasion, article are all included in Mr. Dansky's
the city of Kiev, which Russian histo–
Questions writer's
book. Additionally, "Khochu Zhyty!"
of our textbooks and provide a better
understanding of the terms Rus'. Rus–
rians call the "mother of Russian cities," documents numerous other events from
was attacked from the north, from what
opinion on flag
the lives and deaths of Ukrainian
sia, Muscovy, Ukraine and Byelorussia. was to become the nucleus of the p r i s o n e r s in the A u s c h w i t z , Dear Editor:
Russian state. Led by Prince Andrew
The area directly above the Black Sea Mauthausen and Ebensee concentra–
Bogolubski of Suzdal, Kiev was vanda– tion camps. in reference to the letter to the editor
is today called Ukraine, it is this area
lized for the first time and its treasures in the Sunday. September 8, issue of
that has a tradition of close contact with
carried away to the north in 1169. The The Holocaust has recently become a The Ukrainian Weekly signed irene
the ancient Greeks as well as continuous
act is rightly regarded by Ukrainian very popular subject, in reading the Motyl-Mudretzkyj of Sunnyside, N.Y.:
warfare against the barbarian tribes
historians as the act that would give popular press, one could easily get the The writer questions display of our
that streamed into Europe from Asia.
birth to northern separation and later impression that only a certain ethnic U.S. flag, it is just tough that irene
By the fourth century A.D., this region
the creation of the Muscovite, or group was the target of Nazi horror and doesn't like the American laws of
was held by the Antae Federation which
Russian state. terror. "Recollections: ..."and "Khochu displaying the American flag, in no
is considered the ancestor state of the Zhyty!" plainly show that other groups,
When the first Mongolian attack country of the world does she or could
Ukrainians. Continuous warfare against
the Goths led to the decline of the came in 1223, all of the princes except in this case Ukrainians, also endured she enjoy the freedom she has in Ame–
federation but not its disappearance. those of the north (Russia) rallied to terrible atrocities at the hands of the rica, from where did she come and why
Antae tribes continued their indepen– the defense of Kiev. The second Mongo– Nazis. І suspect that O. Dansky's book, did she come to America? if she doesn't
dent existence until the ninth century,lian attack against Kiev came in 1240 published in 1946 by the Ukrainska like-America, why "doesn't she takeTfie"
vydavnycha Spilka in Munich may be next boat or plane back to the country
when they were once again welded and saw its complete devastation. Most one of the earliest published accounts of
former Rus' territories, including the the Nazi concentration camps, whether from which she came? They can keep
together by the varangians (vikings)
north, fell to the Mongols. Rus' proper, Ukrainian or otherwise, it is personal her. She doesn4 appreciate America.
into the powerful Kievan Rus' state.
The city of Kiev, which recently primarily the Ukrainian territory, accounts like these that can bring to Remember, irene, you are in America
commemorated its 1,500th anniversary, remained under the Mongols for a very light other Holocausts. Thank you, Dr. and you do and obey our laws, it is your
was founded on the Dnieper River and short time and was soon included in the duty for the honor of living in our
Mostovych. country. My parents came here in 1906
thus was a natural political and econo– Polish-Lithuanian state. The northern
areas, today Russia proper, remained
mic center of the region even before the ihorSlabicky and my grandfather in 1895, they were
coming of the varangians. it lay on-theunder the Mongols for over 200 years Newport, R.l. only to happy to come here, stay here,
trade route leading "from the varan– and its princes served the Mongol khan obey the laws of the land and lost no
gians to the Greeks" and consequently as tax collectors and administrators. time becoming naturalized citizens of
became extremely wealthy. Once the While Kievan Rus' proper was incor–
porated into the Western world, the
Responds to letter this wonderful land that accepted them
with open arms. Never did they stop
varangians arrived, they established the
ruling dynasty of the Rurikites named north (viadimir-Suzdal, Moscow, etc.)
remained in the cultural bondage of the
on U.S. flag talking about the sight of the Statue of
Liberty when they visited it.
after its founder, Rurik. Gradually, the
rulers assimilated into the local Antaeeast. Dear Editor: They never went back to the country
population and expanded their control The Kievan Rus' state was a multi- they came from, nor did they desire to
over all of present-day Ukraine and national state, and thus it is to be My comments are addressed to irene do so. it offered them nothing but war.
later even north to present-day Russia. expected that, like all multinational Motyl-Mudretzkyj. constant oppression, domination, hun–
states, it would fall apart in time of
The center of the Rus" state as it was І read your letter in The Ukrainian ger, a mere form of existence to keep
known was in Kiev, and thus historical stress. Thus, out of this empire emerged Weekly regarding the displaying of the body and soul together. Thank God.
chronicles refer to it as Kievan Rus'. the Ukrainian nation with its capital in American flag with the Ukrainian flag they had theirdeep faith in God which
Kiev, the Byelorussian state, with its at various Ukrainian ceremonies. І read
The nucleus of this state was to be found helped them to survive.
in present-day Ukraine and the lands capital in Minsk, and the Muscovite, it, and could not believe my eyes, is this N. Postupack
there were regarded as most important later Russian state, with its capital in for real? Weatherly, Pa.
and bestowed upon royal sons in accor– Moscow. Our parents came from Ukraine, and
dance with their seniority. Lands in the Ever since 1240, for over 400 years. they respected the United States and its
north, or present-day Russia, were less Ukraine and Byelorussia had little, if flag long before it became law in 1953 Suggests staging
desirable and rarely fought over (with any, contact with the north, or present- that Old Glory be raised with other
the exception of Novgorod). day Russia. But today the north is given national flags. They were grateful for rock concert
By the 10th century. Kievan-Rus credit for all the accomplishments of the the freedoms they enjoyed. True, they
south, and there is a flagrant attempt to worked hard, but they were free to Dear Editor:
practice their religion, to go wherever
' Dr. George Kulchytsky is on the even label the south as "Kievan Russia" І am not of Ukrainian heritage but І
they chose. And they showed their
faculty of the history department of and Russia as the "elder brother" of the have been subscribing to your paper
(Continued on page 15) respect for this great nation unques–
Youngstown State University in Ohio. because it gives some first-hand infor–
tioningly wherever they had gathered as
a Ukrainian people. The American flag mation on what is taking place in the
in memoriam: vasyl Stus does not detract from any "communal
identity." if not for America, you would
Soviet Union and the countries it
occupies, in my opinion these people
have been neglected and forgotten by
have no identity. Not only can you
by Patricia Scott Oelkers display "your" country's flag without the free world. Because your people are
fear and reprisal; but also that of the concerned, 1 am submitting the follow–
He is not dead, though humankind may swear it, country that opened its arms and ing idea for your consideration.
Though many stopped to mourn him on that day. welcomed you and your family. This І believe as a whole the American
He did not die though God's bright, holy angels country is not "Big Brother," you (or people do not really understand the
Came silently and bore his soul away. your parents) left Big Brother. This suffering which has been going on in the
country has guaranteed you rights Soviet Union for the past 60 years. They
that you did not have in "your" coun– did not really understand the famine in
He cannot die because his words will linger. trv Africa until the recent international
A vast legacy for all was left behind. - rock concert took place.
Though forged in pain - itself a prison - if this expression of loyalty is so І would like to see a similar interna–
it is a sword to rend the shackles of the mind demeaning to you. try raising "your iional Tv event held in the name of
country's" flag in your former homeland. (Continued on page 15)
We were in Ukraine in July ana did not
 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985 No. 41

Faces and Places

Ukrainian Week!ї by Myron B. Kuropas

The politics of CeSUS A meeting with Justice

it was an afternoon meeting, con– OSl officials before various Jewish
Every now and then. Ukrainian organizations seem ordained to do vened on September 17 at the request of groups. Throughout the discussion
something stupid. One pre-eminent example is the annoying habit of groups Attorney General Edwin Meese's office Messrs. Trott and Sher seemed to go
of Ukrainians to produce new organizations. at the Department of Justice in response out of their way to distance themselves
to an April 6 request for such a conclave from Allan A. Ryan Jr., former OSl
Consider the plans of a new Toronto-based group called the Organizing by Anthony Mazeika, president of the director, and John Loftus, former OSl
Committee - World Conference of Ukrainian Students. This committee of Coalition for Constitutional Justice and prosecutor, both of whom wrote books
Ukrainian students announced during the summer months that it wants to Security (CCJS). which savaged the honor and dignity of
bring Ukrainian students from around the world to Toronto in December in The CCJ S is an alliance of Americans Ukrainians, Byelorussians and Baits,
order to revive the dormant Central Union of Ukrainian Students (CeSUS). committed to due process in the prose– and contributed, no doubt, to the
in a press release circulated in Canada and the United States, the group cution of alleged Nazi war criminals by tensions which now exist between these
asserted CeSUS needs to be rejuvenated because national Ukrainian students' the Department of Justice Office of groups and Jewish Americans. The
organizations in the West do not have an available forum to meet and Special investigations (OS1). three Justice Department officials were
exchange views. The OS1 has a Congressional man- equally vehement in denying their own
The blunt truth is that most of these national umbrella bodies expired some date to detect, identify and take actions culpability in the defamation campaign.
time ago. Former student activists in Europe and Australia, for example, say leading to the denaturalization and "We don't control the press," they kept
that the dwindling number of Ukrainian students and widespread apathy deportation of Nazi war criminals living telling us.
forced their once active umbrella organizations to break up. in the United States. Queried regarding the Rudenko–
The Ukrainian Canadian Students' Union (SUSK)deserves brownie points At one end of the table sat Stephen S. Ryan agreement in which the KGB
for regularly bringing students from across Canada together, and we laud the Trott, assistant attorney general, Mark became a full partner of the OSl in the
efforts of the U.S. national executive of the Ukrainian Students Association M. Richard, deputy assistant attorney search for alleged Nazis (almost all of
of M. Michnowsky (TUSM) to publicize the plight of Ukrainian political general, and Neal Sher, OS1 director. whom, thus far, are both East European
prisoners. Facing them were Anthony Mazeika, and anti-Communist), Mr. Trott re-
CeSUS was formed some 65 years ago. The founding fathers of the Man-Ann Rikken, Dr. victoras Stan– plied: "We have no writtenjigreement
organization set out to coordinate the inter-and intra-national activities of kus and val Pavlovskis, all members-of with Moscow, it's "a Working arrange–
Ukrainian student organizations, with an emphasis on urging Ukrainian the CCJS. І participated in the meeting ment." Pressed to give more details
refugees in Germany and Austria to pursue higher education. During its most as a representative of Americans for regarding the nature of the "arrange–
active period, CeSUS provided leadership-skills training and represented Human Rights in Ukraine (AHRU). ment," Messrs. Trott and Sher de–
Ukrainian students at international forums such as the World Congress of The CCJS requested the conclave in murred.
Free Ukrainians. CeSUS archives dated to 1976 indicate that Ukrainian order to voice growing alarm among Asked to provide the names of histc–
students from Europe, Canada, the United States, South America and many Americans with the manner in rians used by the OSl to develop the
Australia met in Philadelphia that year to "map the future" of the Ukrainian which OS1 conducts its business. Our background for their cases against
students' movement. immediate concern was with recent various individuals, Mr. Sher refused.
By 1977. however, the international organization was reduced to the status terrorist acts committed against inno– He also refused to confirm where the
of merely a symbolic body when Canadian and European students' unions cent citizens as a direct result of OS1 OSl got its names of alleged Nazis. "The
formally suspended their activities in CeSUS. A joint declaration issued by actions. U.S. archives are full of names of
both groups stated that the 1977 CeSUS congress was "subjected to undue On August 14, Tscherim Soobzokov emigres," Mr. Sher announced omi–
influence by certain factions who arranged to 'pack' the congress in order to of Paterson, N.J., was critically wound– nously. When someone asked if the
ensure their hegemony." ed when a pipe bomb exploded at his names of alleged Nazis just sort of
The most recent major attempt to revive CeSUS took place in 1983 when
informal bilateral talks were held between Canadian and American students.
Newcomers to the talks complained of being intimidated by older and
argumentative CeSUS alumni members. At a similar meeting held during Those who have and continue to administer the
the Fourth World Congress of Free Ukrainians in 1983, Canadian
representatives contended that anything short of a complete overhaul of OSl... believe the end justifies the means.
CeSUS would not warrant SUSK's involvement and they left the meeting
after refraining from endorsing ill-conceived proposals to revive CeSUS.
This might normally be a parochial issue of little interest.' But now it has home. Mordecai Levy of the Jewish leaped out of the files, Mr. Sher grinned.
come to have broader implications. The dwindling number of organized Defense Organization, a radical off- "Look," Mr. Sher declared at this
students' groups give a sense to the politics. There are relatively few official shoot of the Jewish Defense League, point. "We must be doing something
players involved. Except for SUSK in Canada and TUSM in the United labeled the terrorism "a righteous act." right. We met with Judge Deschenes.
States, no one can legitimately speak on behalf of more than a handful of Mr. Soobzokov died of his wounds on Canada is looking at us as a model."
Ukrainian students. September 6. That same day the home Mr. Sher defended the OSl's use of
Local groups of Ukrainian students in Australia and Europe have long of Elmars Sprogis of Brentwood, N.Y., Soviet evidence by arguing that "the
since lacked their own national bodies. Meanwhile, Ukrainian American 'was bombed and an innocent bystander government often needs to useinforma–
students - who only recently had a strong and active national organization was critically wounded. This time the tion supplied by unsavory people."
— can now only lament the demise of their Federation of Ukrainian Student Jewish Defense League claimed credit When asked why defense attorneys
Organizations of America (SUSTA). Shameless political maneuvering by for the terrorist act. Significantly, the can only view Soviet-supplied docu–
recalcitrant malcontents on the SUSTA national executive quickly put the OSl had attempted to denaturalize both ments on the premises of the Soviet
organization to sleep. men for their alleged Nazi activities, Embassy, Mr. Sher replied: "The prose–
The heart of the CeSUS debate should be to honestly and candidly discuss but the federal courts had not sustained cution is no different. We. too. have to
the maladies afflicting organized student life in the Ukrainian community, it the effort. Once again, the OSl had review Soviet evidence in their em–
is unnerving to hear people talk of the need for an international bureaucracy failed to produce evidence which would bassy." When we wondered aloud now
while scores of local Ukrainian students'clubs struggle to form responsible warrant denaturalization and deporta– it was possible to authenticate any
leadership in their own countries, it would be like forming the League of tion of anti-Communist Americans. Soviet evidence under such circum–
Nations without giving potential members a chance to elect their own Tragically, the matter did not end there. stances, Mr. Sher grinned again.
governments. Labelling the bombings "wanton acts And so it went for over an hour. Of
The urge to organize internationally is understandable, but at a time when of terrorism," Mr. Mazeika recom– the three, it was Mr. Trott who seemed
most Ukrainian students lack national coordinating bodies it is wrong to talk mended that the Justice Department least able to stand the pressure of our
about the revival of CeSUS. appoint a special prosecutor to investi– questions. "Don't waste my time with
gate the matter. Such an appoint– that garbage," he shouted at one point.
it is ominously clear that Ukrainian students should concentrate on ment, Mr. Mazeika argued, "would At other times he responded with an
breathing new life into their own national coordinating bodies before serve to restore Justice Department angry "that's enough of that."
traveling abroad to revive an extinct dinosaur. credibility within our communities." Mr. Sher, on the other hand, proved
A completely restructured national Ukrainian students' organization in the "There is no need for a special arrogant, disinformed and totally obli–
United States would do wonders for existing Ukrainian students' clubs prosecutor," snapped Mr. Trott. "The vious to the sensitivities of Ukrainians
. located in such centers as New York, Philadelphia, Pittsburgh, Detroit and FB1 is investigating and that's sufti– and Baits. His demeanor was that of a
Minneapolis. Conferences, newsletters, leadership-skills training are just cicnt." Russian boyar sitting in judgement
some of the services that could be offered, it's lime for Ukrainian American A heated discussion ensued, during over recalcitrant serfs. І believe that Mr.
students to get togeiher and start working towards the formation of a newly which it was pointed out that the OSl Sher is like his mentor, Mr. Ryan, a
constituted national body. bears some responsibility for the terro– man with little sympathy for the na–
rism because of the many inflammatory tional tragedies experienced by Ukrai–
statements made by former and present (Continued on page 12)
No. 41
UKRA1NE DURiNG WORLD WAR 11: Resistance movements and reannexation
by Dr. David Marples
CONCLUSION
Soviet partisan activity in Ukraine,
and its influence on the outcome of the
clash between the USSR and Nazis
Germany has assumed mythical
proportions in Soviet accounts.
Moreover, an analysis of partisan
activity in Ukraine, as opposed to most
other Soviet regions, is complicated by the
official organizational structure behind
these operations. Simply put, there was
no native base for the Soviet-sponsored
Ukrainian partisan movement, in the
early stages of the German-Soviet war,
pro-Soviet resistance among the Ukrai–
nian population did not exist, and the
partisan movement was a creation of
the authorities and the NKvD. in the
initial stages, every operation mounted
in Ukraine was devised by the Politburo
of the CPSU under the direction of
Stalin himself.
There were, however, good reasons
why the Soviet authorities should place
so much emphasis on the Ukrainian
sphere. The territory of the Ukrainian
SSR constituted about half the area of
the Soviet Union under German occu–
pation, and in economic terms its
importance considerably exceeded even
this size. Also, the specter of Ukrainian
nationalism deeply concerned the
Soviet authorities, it had had a limited
impact in eastern Ukraine, but the
western oblasts. annexed in 1939, were
believed with justification to be having a
considerable impact on the East in
terms of the dissemination of nationa–
list ideas. While this situation persisted,
the extent of pro-Soviet feeling in
eastern Ukraine was likely to be limited.
Consequently, from the outset, Soviet
propagandists began to create the myth
of extensive partisan activities in
Ukraine.
This myth has been perpetuated. A
recent collection of documents about
Ukraine in the "Great Patriotic War,"
for example, notes the commencement
of partisan activities from the time of
the decree of the Central Committee of
the CPSU dated July 18, 1941, and
titled "On.the Organization of the
Struggle in the Rear of the German
Army." This decree noted revealingly
Lenin's dictum that partisan operations
should be carried out under the close
scrutiny of the party.5' Another recent
account dates the formation of the first
partisan units in Ukraine from Septem–
ber 1941, when small units were alleged–
ly established in Sumy, voroshilovhrad,
and other oblasts.60
if such units were established, they
were short-lived. Either they were
destroyed by the German Army as it
advanced eastward, or they were eva–
cuated to Central Asia with Soviet party
and government personnel. The true
history of the Ukrainian partisan move–
ment dates only from 1943.
What is true, however, is that a
structure for partisan activity existed
from the late summer of 1941 - name–
ly, the Ukrainian Partisan Staff within
the Southwest Direction of the Soviet
Military Command. Obliged to retreat
to Stalingrad with the Soviet Army, this
staff was subsequently moved to Mos–
cow. its chief was Timofei Strokach, a
former NKvD agent, who had held the
position of deputy people's commissar
for the interior of Ukraine.61 Within a
few months, the Southwest Direction
had been disbanded, and the Ukrainian
Partisan Staff, now "independent" (but
closely controlled from Moscow), as–
Dr. David Marples is a researcherfor
Radio ljberty based in Munich.
THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985 7
sumed increasing importance within units were usually comprised" of no years from 1942 to 1945 some undis–
Soviet military planning its main task more than 100 men.66 They show, ciplined actions on the part of an armed
was to create partisan units in the rear of nevertheless, that even in the summer of group were almost inevitable. The
the German occupation forces. 1943, a matter of months before Kiev Germans, for example, would carry out
Although a number of partisan com– was recaptured by the Red Army, retribution on entire villages for indivi–
manders achieved lasting fame as a partisan movements in central Ukraine dual attacks on troops or convoys. This
result of their activities in Ukraine were minor compared with those in the is not to say, however, as the Soviet
during the waF, the name that usually western oblasts of Ukraine. sources do. that UPA consisted of
appears first on any list in Soviet Taken over all, the partisans were bandits and cutthroats - first in the pay
accounts is that of Sydir Kovpak. in successful mainly in the extreme north of the Germans and subsequently of
fact, as a Western source points out, and northwestern regions of Ukraine, Anglo-American "imperialists."71
Kovpak was made into a legend before a the area between their headquarters in The concerns of UPA at this time
Ukrainian partisan movement ever Mozyr Oblast of Byelorussia and the were twofold; German repression of
existed, in order that the Ukrainian Carpathian Mountains, which favored local Ukrainians and cooperation
population might respond to the deeds this sort of activity. Efforts to send between Soviet and Polish partisans
that were allegedly being carried out in small teams of partisans into eastern against Ukrainians."2 (Po!ish-Ukrai–
their name.62 Kovpak was a veteran of Ukraine met with limited success, in the nian animosities in this region dated ,
the Civil War, a seasoned campaigner West, the partisans clashed with both back to the interwar period, but there
who evidently commanded the respect Polish and Ukrainian nationalist move– were also cases of large-scale joint-
of his troops and engineered bold raids ments. in terms of numbers, there were operations of Polish and Ukrainian
guerrillas against Soviet reoccupation
of this area after 1944.)71 initially, the
Of the various guerrilla units that emerged Ukrainian insurgents attained some
among the local population largely as a result success because of their familiarity with
the marshy terrain.
of German repression, the Ukrainian lnsur– By 1943. the insurgent movement had
spread into Galicia. its numbers were
gent Army (UPA) was the most significant. inflated by deserters from the Ukrainian
units that had originally accompanied
the German Wehrmacht into Ukraine
into northwest Ukraine in 1942-45. Of perhaps 220,000 partisans operating in and by persons of other nationalities
initial importance for his mission into Ukraine in 1943-44, of whom, accord– that had deserted from similar units
Ukraine, in Soviet eyes, was his Ukrai– ing to a Western source, only about 7 once the nature of the occupation
nian background, it was essential for percent were party members.67 This regime had become apparent. The
the appointed leader of the partisans to relatively low party representation original Ukrainian composition of the
be a native Ukrainian if the Soviet reflects the depletion of party forces membership became diluted, and, ac–
partisan movement was to obtain sup- during the war, but it also indicates that cording to a Western source, the na–
port among the native population. the party's role was somewhat limited. tionality groups within the ranks in–
Before Kovpak was ordered to begin Further, despite the NKvD'sconnec– cluded Azerbaijanis, Uzbeks, Tatars,
his incursions into Ukrainian territory, tions with the partisan movement, the and Jews.74
there were several more minor efforts to secret police did not direct the move– Late in 1943. UPA merged with
impede the Germans by setting up ment so much as monitor its progress. underground units of the Bandera
partisan formations in the rear of the Armstrong contrasts the Ukrainian faction of the OUN. Most of its leaders,
German Army. Some former CPU partisan-NKvD association with the with the exception of its commander,
leaders — including Rovno Oblast First private empire of the German SS, Roman Shukhevych, a military man,
Secretary Begma — were parachuted which controlled troops under its were villagers. This fact has sometimes
into western Ukraine, aided by Spanish jurisdiction much more rigidly.68 embarrassed Soviet writers, one of
veterans of the Spanish Civil War. Whereas the Central Staff of the Soviet whom went so far as to suggest that in
These attempts were, by and large, Partisans was dissolved at the start of view of their low social standing in the
unsuccessful. The small teams were 1944, the Ukrainian Staff remained in countryside, the members of UPA
compelled to establish their headquar– place until after the end of the war. in should naturally have supported Soviet
ters not in Ukraine, but on Byelorussian contrast with other areas of the USSR, (Continued on page 13)
territory.63 it was very much a symbol for the
Only when Kovpak and others were legitimacy of Soviet rule in Ukraine. 59. "Sovietskaya Ukraina vgody velikoyi
otechestvennoyi voinv 1941-1945." Kiev.
1980, vol. 1, p. 13.
...the many Ukrainians who opposed a return 60. M. 1. Metlcnkov. "Dopomoha viy–
skovykh rad і politorhaniv (Yontiv ta armiyi
of Soviet rule had compelling reasons for u rozvytku parlizanskoho rukhu na Ukraini
v l941-1944rr.,"Ukrainskvi istorvchnyi
doing so... the famine of 1933 ..., Stalinist zhurnal. No. 12, 1984. p. 45.'
61. John A. Armstrong (ed."). "Soviet
purges ..., the repressive period of Soviet rule Partisans in World War 11." Madison,
University of Wisconsin Press. 1964. p. 51.
in former eastern Poland... 62. ibid., p. 114.
63. ibid., p. 113.
64. Robert S. Sullivant. "Soviet Politics
instructed to begin extensive marches Of the various guerrilla units that and the Ukraine. 1917-57."New York. 1962.
southward in the spring and summer of " emerged among the local population p. 237.
65. "Sovietskaya Ukraina vgodv..." vol.
1943 did the partisans make an impact. largely as a result of German repression, 2, p. 241.
And by this date, it was clear to the local the Ukrainian insurgent Army (UPA)
66. Armstrong, "Soviet Partisans..." p.
population that the tide of war had was the most significant. UPA origi– 113.
turned against the Germans. Despite nated as a self-defense movement on the 67. John A. Armstrong, "Ukrainian
appeals made to Ukrainian patriotism part of the population in Polissia and Nationalism," Boulder, Colo., Ukrainian
and the convoking of huge meetings of volhynia some time in 1942 (most Academic Press, 1980, pp. 130-31.
Ukrainian leaders by the Soviet autho– sources state late 1942, but a participant 68. Armstrong, "Soviet Partisans...." p.
rities of Ufa, Saratov and Moscow,64 in UPA has declared that the guerrillas 51.
the effect of pro-Soviet propaganda had begun operations by the beginning 69. Lew Shankowsky in "The Ukrainian
upon local Ukrainians was limited. of the year).69 Soviet attacks on UPA insurgent Army in the Fight For Freedom,"
New York: United American Ukrainian
The small-scale nature of operations have been insistent and vitriolic. Organizations Committee. 1954. p. 25.
in central and eastern U kraine is evident The main line, which has been reite–
70. See. for example, Pravda Ukrainy,
from the decree issued by the Central rated recently as the Soviet authorities October 16, 1984.
Committee of the Communist Party of prepare for the 40th anniversary of the 71. See, for example lvasyuta's introduc–
Ukraine on July 15, 1943, "On the victory over Nazi Germany, is that the tion to "Z istoriyi kolektyvizatsiyi silskoho
Condition and the Further Develop– members of UPA were "henchmen" or hospodarstva zakhidnykh oblastey Ukrains–
ment of the Partisan Movement in "agents" of the German occupation koyi RSR. Kiev. 1976, p. 10.
Ukraine." The decree approved the forces and that they were thus "the 72. Yaroslav Bilinsky, "The Second
deployment of partisan troops around worst enemies of the Ukrainian people." Soviet Republic: The Ukraine After World
Kiev as follows: "Comrade Ushakiv, Soviet propagandists also attack asser– War 11." Newark, N.J., Rutgers University
Press, 1964. p. 121.
510 men; Comrade Khitrichenko, 800 tions that UPA was obliged to fight a 73. See for example. Antoni B. Szczes–
men; Comrade Borodiy, 500 men; two-front guerrilla-type war against niak, Wieslaw Z. Szota. "Droga do nikad."
Pokrovsky-Chepurny, 120 men.65" both Soviet and German troops.70 - Warsaw, 1973. pp. 348-52.
These iigures may be innatea. At it should be said at the outset that 74. Bilinsky. "The Second Soviet Re-
least a Western source claims that such given the conditions in Ukraine in the public...," p. 343.
 :
THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER ІЗ, 1 9 8 5 ^ . " - " '.No.4i

Performers from u Down Under" bring Ukrainian song and dance to New
by Mykhailo Bociurkiw
NEW YORK - Two Ukrainian
performing groups from Australia
performed here on October 5 as part of
a UNA-sponsored concert tour of the
United States.
Some 800 people came to Washing-
ton lrving High School to applaud a
performance of Ukrainian music, song
and dance presented by the Tchaika
Choir of Melbourne and the veselka
Ukrainian Dancers of Sydney.
Solo appearances by bass Jaroslav
Liszczynskyj and baritone valery Botte,
and a piano performance by Anna
Krywenko also drew lively applause
from the audience.
The Saturday afternoon concert was
the ninth in a 13-city Canada-U.S. tour
that is taking the ensembles of singers
and dancers across the continent.

On October 8, the two groups made a

second New York City appearance at
the United Nations as guests of the
Australian Mission.
The tour of the United States is
sponsored by the Ukrainian National The Tchaika male choir performs under the direction of Stepan Korin.
Association. The Ukrainian Canadian
Committee organized the groups' visit
to Canada.
The Tchaika choir was formed in
1945 in Germany and many of its
members later emigrated to Australia.
The choir resumed its activity in Mel-
bourne in 1951 and today includes 35
male singers.
Tchaika's repertoire at the concert
included Ukrainian folk songs, as well
as popular, classical and religious
works. Choir members wore brightly
colored Ukrainian costumes as they
opened the two-hour concert in the
school's ornately decorated auditorium.
The purpose of the concert tour is to
serve as a cultural exchange between
three countries, said emcee Zina Botte
in her introduction to the concert. "Our
performance," she added, "represents
part of the heritage which we cultivate
in our adopted country. Australia."
Mrs Botte. who spoke about the
groups' repertoire in Ukrainian and
English, also greeted the audience on Members of the Yeselka Dance Ensemble kick up their heels.
behalf of Australia's 35,000-member
Ukrainian community.
Ms. Krywenko, a native of Mel-
bourne who now teaches English in a
Tokyo school, provided the accompani–
ment and performed two pieces on the
piano.
The choir's concert repertoire in–
cludecl an adaptation of the popular
Australian song "Waluing Matilda."
The dances performed by the veselka
troupe included a selection of lyrical and
fast-paced numbers. The eight touring
dancers, from the 30-member group
presented a Hopak during the second
part of the program which featured
numerous solos performed by the male
dancers.
The concert concluded with greetings
from the UNA read by Supreme Trea–
surer Ulana Diachuk. Tchaika director
Stepan Korin and veselka choreo–
grapher Na ji a Tyrawsky were pre–
sented with ; aques from the UNA.
in her bnei address, Mrs. Diachuk
eloquently praised the performers for
their tireless efforts in promoting
Ukrainian music, song and dance.
"Music and dance." said Mrs. Dia–
chuk. "are universal languages. Their
messages are understood by all cultures
without the need for translation. We are
pleased that we have been able to host

Dancers all .jrilcs during fast-paced number.

 No. 4 i ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985 . ^ ^ ^
York City
veselka, Tchaika tour UNA headquarters
J E R S E Y C1TY, N.J. - Members
of the Tchaika Ukrainian Choir and
veselka Dance Ensemble - two
groups from Australia who are on a
UNA-sponsored tour of the United
States — visited the headquarters of
the Ukrainian National Association
here on October 5.
The entourage of singers, dancers
and musicians was served a buffet
lunch and given a tour of the 15-story
UNA office building
UNA Supreme Secretary Walter
Sochan greeted the performers on
behalf of the UNA and spoke briefly
about the history of the 91-year-old
organization.
Later, Ulana Diachuk, supreme
treasurer of the UNA, told the per–
formers that the Australian delega–
tion at the United N a t i o n s had
invited both groups to perform at the
U . N . b u i l d i n g in New York on
October 9.
Tour administrator Peter Kardash
thanked the UNA for undertaking
the s p o n s o r s h i p of the l o u r . He
presented Mrs. D i a c h u k with a
Yeselka girls perform a graceful, lyrical dance during concert.
Yeselka dancers get some shut-eye during a visit to UNA headquarters.
A bass quartet of Tchaika members drew lively applause.
Choir members sell Tchaika records and tapes UNA Supreme Treasurer l i a n a Diachuk thanks performers.
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ 9
wood-carved H ulsul dish and a book
about the Ukrainian community in
Australia. A second dish was pre–
sented to Mr. Sochan and a copy of
the book was forwarded to Svoboda
editor-in-chief Zenon Snylyk.
T h a t s a m e a f t e r n o o n , the per–
formers appeared at a concert at–
tended by some 800 people at New
Y o r k ' s W a s h i n g t o n i r v i n g High
School.
At a reception held at the Ukrai–
nian Sports Club after the concert,
Mr. Sochan congratulated the troupes
for their performance and thanked
them for visiting the United States.
As a gesture of thanks and goodwill.
Mr. Sochan invited the reception
guests to join him in the singing ol
" M n o h a y a L i t a " f o r t h e Australians
The performers returned the gesture
with the singing of "Mnohaya Lita."
Concert administrator Peter Kar–
dash dedicated the song to the New
Y o r k D i s t r i c t C o m m i t t e e of the
UNA and voiced his thanks to the
A u s t r a l i a n s ' Ukrainian American
hosts.
 No 4 1
i o ^ ^ ^ T H E UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER ІЗ, 1 9 8 5 „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ „ .

Son of Amadeus
Fondly dedicated to Myrosia and Sviatoslav Hordvnsk

PART tomyr. Thereafter and until 1821 he Franz Xaver Mozart (Lithograph by P .
undertook an extended concert tour as Karol Lipinski Piller, Lviv, after a drawing by Haus–
if Beethoven had fathered a son who pianist t h r o u g h P o l a n d , G e r m a n y , stein.)
subsequently were to organize musical Austria. ltaly, Switzerland and other Xaver later founded an educational ln– tore onorario."
education in. let's say, Kiev, somehow І locales. stitute of Singing. At the time Franz Xaver died (Carls-
think that son would soon become an b a d , 1844) t h e world of music w a s
object of extensive scholarship. But St. Cecilia Society Stimulating effect rapidly changing. Haydn, Beethoven
Beethoven left such family achieve– and Franz Xaver's teachers, Hummel
ments to another genius, Wolfgang in 1822 Franz Xaver returned to Altogether Franz Xaver lived in Lviv and Salieri, had passed into the ordered
Amadeus Mozart, whose younger son teach in Lviv. T o this end he was hired and environs for a total of 27 years (with annals of history. But new luminaries
founded music education not in Kiev, by the family of the provincial coun– interruptions) and is generally credited such as Chopin, Liszt, Berlioz, Rossini
but in Lviv. For some reason, outside sellor Baroni Cawalcabo and he lived with o r g a n i z i n g musical e d u c a t i o n and many others were rapidly rearrang–
there (today the street is named after
s c h o l a r l y circles his s t o r y r e m a i n s there. His activities had a stimulating ing the musical map of Europe. At the
almost unknown. Pavlik Morozov). 6 effect on the musical life in Lviv in the time Franz Xaver passed on, in Galicia
in Ukrainian musicology there are To improve the quality of singing in first half of the 19th century. verbytsky was an established compo–
only brief references to Mozart's son, Lviv, in 1826 Franz Xaver founded the While in Galicia, Franz Xaver com– ser, Lavrivsky was just 22 years old
namely in the work of Wasyl Wytwy– St. Cecilia Choir (later, also a music posed a number of vocal and instru– vorobkevych was 8 and vakhnianyn
cky, Maria Zahaykevych and others. society called Cacilien - vercin). 7 The mental works, among these two canta– merely 2, but each was destined to leave
However, much research on the legacy members had good voices and were, tas, two concerti for piano and orche– a mark on the music of western U–
of Mozart's son is now being conducted reportedly, Austrian officials who met stra, sonatas for violin and cello (with kraine.
by the Lviv'scholar D.P. Kolbin. every week for rehearsals. 8 piano), and many works for piano.
The St. Cecilia Choir gave regular The brilliant pianistic figurations pro– 1. "The New Grove Dictionary of Music
What's in a name? concerts in which sometimes 300 perfor– and Musicians," edited by Stanley Sadie
minent in Franz Xaver's music reveal (London. 1980), vol. 12, p. 754.
mers took part. The choir, conducted by the influence of his teacher, Hummel, 2. ibid. See also D. Kolbin's "Lvivsky
He w a s c h r i s t e n e d F r a n z X a v e r Franz Xaver, performed works by his and the classic vienna school. The more Mozart" in Muzyka (Kiev), No. 4, 1972, p.
Wolfgang Mozart, but he signed his father, Haydn a n d his own composi– relaxed quality and richer sonority of 33. Kolbin indicates December 1808as the
works "W.A. Mozart, Fils," i.e. Wolf- tions. it is important to report on the his piano writing, as reflected especially date of Franz Xaver's arrival in Galicia.
gang A m a d e u s M o z a r t , t h e s o n , to very first performance of the St. Cecilia in his Piano Concerto No. 2, however, 3. Kolbin, op. cit.
capitalize on his father's fame. Due to Choir which took place December 5, hint a t t h e c h a r a c t e r i s t i c R o m a n t i c 4. "The New Grove..."
his long stay in Lviv, he is sometimes 1826, on the 35th anniversary of the piano style of Chopin and Liszt. 5. "The New Grove..." and Kolbin, op.
referred to as the Lemberg or Lviv d e a t h of W . A . M o z a r t , t h e e l d e r . cit.
Mozart, in this study we will refer to Accompanied by an orchestra, the choir Honorary title 6. Kolbin, op. cit.
him as Franz Xaver. performed Mozart's "Requiem" under 7. L. Mazepa, "Pershe muzychne to–
varystvo u Lvovi" (The First Music Asso–
Contemporary musicologist Wasyl the baton of the eminent Polish musi– in 1838, Franz Xaver left Lviv and re- ciation in Lviv), in Muzyka (Kiev), No. 1,
Wytwycky thinks our interest in Franz cian Karol Lipinski.' This first concert settled in vienna. We do not know the 1977, p. 27-28.
Xaver should be apparent for several t o o k place in t h e C a t h e d r a l of S t . reason for this action, it is true that in 8. ibid.
reasons: first, the very top position of George and was immensely successful Western Europe he was more appre– 9. ibid. Lipinski, a violinist virtuoso of
his father in the world of music; second. as reported by contemporary Lviv and ciated. For his accomplishments, in European fame, became known in Galicia
10
his long activity on Ukrainian territory; vienna press. December 1842 the Congregazione ed later as an arranger of a large number of
and. finally, his interest in the Ukrai– To improve still further the perfor– Accademica S a n t a Cecilia in R o m e Ukrainian folk songs.
nian folk song. mances of the St. Cecilia Choir, Franz titled Franz Xaver "Maestro composi– 10. L. Mazepa, op. cit.

Starts career

Franz Zaver Mozart was born in

vienna in 1791 (the year of his father's
demise), in vienna he benefitted from
famous teachers such as Hummel and
also Salieri (of "Amadeus" fame, the
jealous rival of W. A. Mozart, the elder).
From the first, Franz Xaver was intend–
ed for a musical career as a composer-
pianist and conductor.
in 1804 he gave his first p u b l i c
concert at the age of 13. in 1807 Salieri
declared his pupil to possess a rare
talent for music and prophesied a career
for h i m n o t inferior to that of his
celebrated father. 1

To Galicia

On October 22, 1807, at age 16, Franz

Xaver went to Lviv. 2 in the nearby
village of Strilyshchi, 3 he accepted a
post as tutor in the house of Count
viktor Baworowski, a position he held
until December 1810." in 1811 in Bursh–
tyn he became a music teacher in the
h o m e of t h e i m p e r i a l c h a m b e r l a i n ,
Janiszewski. 5 in 1813 Franz Xaver gave
up that post and lived in Lviv until 1819
as a free-lance musician.
it was in Lviv on December 7, 1818,
t h a t t h e w o r l d p r e m i e r e of F r a n z
Xaver's Concerto for Piano and Or–
chestra in E Flat took place with the
composer himself as soloist, in 1819 he A "lirnyk" рІауегУsinger performing on the Ukrainian folk instrument lira" ( hurdy-gurdy), outside main gates of the
appeared as pianist in Kiev and Zhy– Cathedral of St. George in Lviv.
No. 41 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER ІЗ, 1985

Plast holds third annual tennis tournament at Soyuzivka

KERHONKSON - T h e third annual
doubles tennis tournament organized
for members of Plast and Plast-Pryiat
(age 30 and up) by the Chornomortsi
Plast fraternity took place here at
Soyuzivka during the beautiful week-
end following Hurricane Gloria's trek
along the East Coast.
Twelve pairs had been registered to
compete in the tourney for the Yaroslav
Luchkan Memorial Trophy, but,
thanks to Gloria, or Slava as the Plast
members called her, the field was
reduced to six paris. Other tennis
players who had been planning to arrive
at the resort of the Ukrainian National
Association from more distant areas
found themselves unable to travel
because of the weather.
The six duos competed in a round-
robin preliminary round on Saturday,
September 28, in order to determine
which four teams would qualify for the
semifinals and finals the next day. Thus,
the pairs of Andrij Kaczalay Yuriy
Baranowsky and Walter Temnycky^ lhor
Shust were eliminated.
in the semis, Alex Popovich George
Hrabec defeated Andrew Had–
zewyczj Peter K,ryworuczko; while
Rostislav Milanytchyirenei Yurchuk
beat lhor SochanJ Bohdan Kopystian– Tourney participants, family and friends on the Soyuzivka courts.
sky.
Popovich^ Hrabec then played Mi– Mr. Popovich noted that the annual
lanytch; Yurchuk, defeating them by 3- tournament has a dual purpose: to
6,6-2,6-3, to take the first-place trophy. honor the memory of Mr. Luchkan, a
Meanwhile Sochan^ Kopystiansky beat member of the Chornomortsi fraternity
Hadzewycz^ Kryworuczko, 4-6, 7-5, 7- who died tragically in a plane crash 12
5, to capture third place. years ago, and to provide an opportu–
An awards ceremony was held im– nity for adult Plast and Plast-Pryiat
mediately after the final matches were members and their families to socialize
completed. Trophies were presented by during the off-season period at Soyu–
Dr. Roman Baranowsky, editor of the zivka.
newsletter for senior Plast members.
The tournament director, Mr. Popo– Among the Plast fraternities repre–
vich, thanked all for participating and sented at the 1985 tourney were Chor–
invited them to return next year with nomortsi, Lisovi Chorty, Orlykivtsi,
their families and friends. Chervona Kalyna and Burlaky.

The final match in the doubles tourney: PopovichYHrabec (foreground)

Milanytch7Yurchuk. Holy Trinity Ukrainian Catholic Church is visible in
Dr. Roman Baranowsky presents the Yaroslav LuchlAn Memorial Trophy to Alex background.
Popovich (left) and George Hrabec (right).

WLL AVAILABLE
NOTICE SAGA OF UKRAINE
THE SvOBODA PRESS ADM1N1STRAT10N AN OUTLINE HISTORY
vol 1 - The Age of Royalty
hereby informs all organizations and individuals that the administration vol 2 - The Age of Heroism
will not accept any advertisements tin English)
By Myron B. Kuropas
if previous bills are not paid. Only S2.00 each at the:
Svoboda Book Store
30 Montgomery St.
individuals letters concerning unpaid bills will not be sent. Jersey City. N. J. 07302
All bills must be paid within 15 days after the publication of an advertisement ІМРЛ ІІ-!Ч'. residents add 6

j
12
EDUCATIONAL
LOANS
A fraternal service
to UNA members
The loan will bear a modest
interest rate of 396 a year only
on loans made, interest will
accumulate during the period
of schooling and be paid during
repayment period.
Children up to 4v4 years of
age who enroll for S15,000 ot
insurance will be guaranteed a
S5,000 educational loan. Should
they enroll for S25,000 of in–
surance, they will be guaran–
teed a loan of S7,500.
Juvenile members age 5 to
10 enrolled for S15,000 of new
insurance will be guaranteed a
S4,000 Educational Loan, if
enrolled for (25,000 of protec–
tion, they will be guaranteed a
loan of S6,000.
The protection herein re–
ferred to must be under UNA P–
20 Certificate.
A formal notice that loan is
guaranteed will be sent with
Certificate of Protection when
it is issued.
Certificate must remain in
good standing with all assess–
ments and dues paid until Edu–
cational Loan is granted and
throughout repayment period.
Certificate must be assigned
to UNA during the period of the
loan and its repayment. Either
parents or guardian must gua–
rantee repayment of loan if
juvenile is under age 21 when
loan is granted.
Educational Loans will be
made over a four-year period
only for tuition to the college
or institution of higher learn–
ing.
Repayment of loan begins
three months following gra–
duation of applicant and must
be fully repaid over a maximum
of 20 equal quarterly install–
ments.
Should period of education
for which loan was secured be
reduced or terminated the re-
payment period will begin im–
mediately.
For information contact
the UNA main office:
30 Montgomery St.
Jersey City, N.J. 07302
(201) 451-2200
THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY
Plast sorority members meet near Hunter
The Pershi Stezhi sorority of Plast held its annual meeting at the Xenia Motel near Hunter, N.Y., on September 14-
15. The meeting was attended by more than 60 women, both senior and young adult members. Marijka Helbig was
elected to serve as head of the senior unit; Laryssa Krupa chairs the group of "starshi plastunky." Teresa Ben was
elected "persha stezha" - the leader of both groups. All three women were elected to second consecutive terms.
The women's unit plans to run its traditional summer camp, "Stezhky Kultury" in 1986 in Hunter.
A meeting...
(Continued from page 6)
nians and Baits. His comment that the
KGB is "unsavory" before representa–
tives of these two groups is like telling a
Jewish delegation that the Gestapo was
merely uncouth. When 1 later related
Mr. Sher's comment to a lawyer familiar
with Mr. Sher's thinking regarding
Ukrainians, he wasn't surprised. "1 once
heard Sher refer to the Ukrainian
famine as a Soviet dysfunction," the
lawyer told me. , to justice, but even the vilest and most
І found the meeting with the Justice
Department very disturbing because І
had not come with a hostile attitude. І
knew that Ukrainian American lawyers
Julian Kulas and Bohdan Futey had
met with Mr. Sher and other Justice
Department officials earlier (the meet–
ing had been arranged by the American
Jewish Committee) and neither gentle-
man had voiced any concerns regarding
OS! motives. І was aware of the belief of
my good friend David Roth of the
American Jewish Committee who ar–
gued persuasively that, properly ap–
proached, the OSl could Desensitized to
the growing outrage among Ukrainian
Americans who believed their entire
community was being blamed for the
crimes of a few alleged Nazis collabora–
tors. І also knew that neither the CCJS
nor AHRU had ever advocated dis–
banding the OSl.
My personal goal in meeting with the
Justice Department was to voice Ukrai–
nian concerns so that the OSl could
improve its relationship with our com–
munity. І had reservations about the
OSl. sure, but 1 was unprepared for the
hostility we encountered. At no time
during our meeting did Г detect even a
minimal effort on the part of either Mr.
Trott or Mr. Sher to understand our
anguish. On the contrary, the climate
was adversarial from the beginning. We
What is a UNA insurance policy?
An investment in your future
and the Ukrainian community's future.
SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985
were uealed, not as ethnic leaders, but
as troublemakers who - for reasons
that are still unclear — were reluctantly^
granted an audience. As Mr. Trott said
at the end of our discussion: "We never
expected that we could change your
minds nor that you could change ours."
Despite its excesses, 1 once believed
that the OSl had a redeeming value in
American society. І no longer believe
that. And it's not because 1 don't think
Nazi war criminals should be brought to
justice. All criminals should be brought
unrepentant malefactor is entitled to
due process under our system of laws.
Those who have and continue to
administer the, OSl have debased juris–
prudence in America. They have
botched their mandate because they
believe the end justifies the means.
They have destroyed innocent indivi–
duals and their families. They have
defiled entire communities. They have
exploited inter-ethnic bigotry and
fomented.ethnic hatred. And they have
allied themselves with the devil, the
Soviet secret police, an institution
which has brought death to four times
as many Russians, Poles, Ukrainians,
Lithuanians, Latvians, Estonians, Bye–
lorussians, Gypsies and Jews as Hitler
did in his 11 years in power.
it is this latter alliance that troubles
me most. Having observed first-hand
how woefully disinformed past and
present OSl officials are fcgarding the
Soviet Union, and remembering how
the Soviets were able to influence
American policy during the 1930s and
early 1940s because of similar disinfor–
mation, 1 find the OS1-KGB partner-
ship terrifying.
The OS1-KGB alliance raises many
questions. What were and are the
concessions made by the OSl in return
for Soviet participation in the OSl
program? What has the OSl agreed to
share with the KGB? Why does the OSl
No. 41
conform to the Criminal Code of the
USSR and not to the Federal Rules of
Civil Procedure when conducting de-
positions in the USSR? Why are Soviet
witnesses not required to testify in U.S.
federal courts to guarantee due process?
Why does the OSl permit Soviet denial
of equal access to evidence when de–
fense attorneys request it? it is these
questions and others which should be of
concern not only to the CCJS, but to all
Americans.
There's an old Ukrainian saying:
"With whom you run you soon be–
come." How long will it be before OSl
officials become KGB apparatchiks?
New bishop...
(Continued from page 3)
tine in St. John the Baptist Ukrainian
Orthodox Parish in Sharon. After his
ordination he was assigned to the
pastorate at St. viadimir Ukrainian
Orthodox Parish in Ambridge, Pa.,
serving there from 1972 to 1976. From
1976 to 1985, he served as pastor of St.
Michael the Archangel Ukrainian Or–
thodox Parish in Hammond, lnd.
On May 29 of this year he received
monastic tonsure at the hands of Metro–
politan Mstyslav and accepted the
monastic name of St. Antony the Great.
He was elevated to the rank of arch–
mandite by Metropolitan Mstyslav on
July 18.
Archmandrite Antony was the chair-
man of the Clergy Candidate Commis–
sion of the Ukrainian Orthodox League
of the U.S.A., spiritual advisor to the
Junior Ukrainian Orthodox League
and editor of the Ukrainian Orthodox
League's Bulletin.
Correction
in The Weekly's story on the Ukrai–
nian Nationality Room at the Univer–
sity of Pittsburgh ("Ukrainian Nationa–
lity Room at Pittsburgh U. ncarrealiza–
tion," September 29) it was reported
that the Ukrainian community was told
by the university in 1975 that a Ukrai–
nian room would be built, it should
have been stated that the community
was mid that the room could be built.
No. 41
Ukraine during -
(Continued from page 7)
authority — i.e., the poor peasants were
regarded as a natural ally by the Soviet
regime.' 5 U P A was able to survive the
enmity of both German and Soviet
forces because members received food,
provisions, shelter and sympathy from
the local villages. 76 Once the Soviet
troops began to take control over these
villages in the summer of 1944, U P A
began to resort to terrorist attacks to
maintain' its food supply.
The size of UPA remains debatable.
One emigre source gives an estimate of
80,000 persons in І944, 77 but this figure
seems h i g h . A n o t h e r e m i g r e s o u r c e
states that at the end of 1943 U P A
consisted of about 10,000 officers and
soldiers. 78 That the ranks must have
increased thereafter is evident from
Soviet sources, one of which states that
74 U P A " b a n d s " were l i q u i d a t e d
between April and June 1944, and that
one such band was made up of about
1,400 members, it notes also that about
13,000 "OUNites" surrendered to Soviet
authorities at the end of 1944. 7 ' The key
question is whether those who gave
themselves up - they were reportedly
responding to one of the many "amnes–
ties" offered by the USSR - were in
tact active participants in the f,uc;
m o v e m e n t , merely s y m p a t h i z e r s , oi
even innocents. The figures in any case
refer to Soviet-held Ukraine, and there
were sizable UPA contingents in the
areas west of the border that eventually
became incorporated into Poland. 8 0
Against this background of partisan
a c t i v i t i e s a n d g u e r r i l l a w a r f a r e in
western Ukraine, the Red Army was
advancing though eastern Ukraine in
the summer of 1943. Many of the 2.5
million Ukrainians who had been con-
scripted into the army at the time of the
German invasion served on the Ukrai–
nian Front. 8 1 so it is fair to say that
U k r a i n i a n s played a m a j o r role in
removing the foreign occupier from
Ukrainian soil. To these 2.5 million may
be added a further 750.000 who were
conscripted when the Red Army over-
ran western Ukraine in the summer of
1944 82 These raw conscripts served
immediately at the front. No doubt the
USSR considered it preferable to con-
script such youngsters rather than have
them remain in the villages as potential
support for the Ukrainian insurgents.
By the end of September 1943, the
entire Donbas region was once again in
Soviet hands. The cities of Dnipro–
petrovske and Dniprodzerzhinske were
retaken towards the end of October,
and the Ukrainian capital of Kiev fell to
the Red Army on November 6, 1943."
The armies of the 1st and 4th Ukrainian
Fronts advanced into western Ukraine
in the following summer. The 2nd Front
was directed towards Rumania, while
the 3rd eventually swept through south-
eastern Rumania into Bulgaria, in the
w e s t e r n p a r t of U k r a i n e , w h a t
Soviet sources describe as "an acute
class struggle" in fact became a bitter
civil war or, from a Ukrainian perspec–
tive, an anti-Soviet war. The Soviet
troops were able to capture the major
towns, while in the country.-ide large
areas remained under the control of
UPA units.
At the end of 1943, the C e n t r a l
Committee of the Communist Party of
Ukraine and the Ukrainian Council of
P e o p l e ' s C o m m i s s a r s a p p r o v e d the
composition of the oblast committees
and oblast executive committees
t h r o u g h o u t U k r a i n e . A decree was
i s s u e d " O n t h e C r e a t i o n of P a r t y
Organizations in the Raions of Ukraine
Liberated from the German Occupiers
and improving Their Leadership.""
Following the retaking of Lviv on
July 27. 1944. Licrainian Party First
THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY
Secretary Nikita Khrushchev held a
meeting with leading workers of raion
and oblast organizations "to restore
normality" in Lviv Oblast. 85 Pressure
o n p a r t y o r g a n i z a t i o n s in western
Ukraine was stepped up by two largely
ritualistic decrees of the C P S U furious–
ly deriding the state of political work in
western Ukraine during September and
November 1944, which could hardly
have been expected to be functioning
adequately at this time. 86 By 1945, some
20,000 party members and candidates
had arrived in western Ukraine from the
eastern oblasts in addition to an unspe–
cified number of police units. 87
The latter began to organize so-called
"destruction units" to combat Ukrai–
nian insurgents. The units were com–
prised mainly of soldiers of the Red
Army and M v D units and constituted
about 23,000 persons by November
1944. They are said to have been aided
by some 3.000 "self-defense units" made
up of local residents - a force reported
in all to have been about 27,000 strong.
Both groups were allegedly organized
and led by the raion secretaries of the
Soviet police forces. 88 The insurgency
nevertheless continued into the early
1950s, albeit on a reduced scale. Where–
as in eastern Ukraine the Soviet autho–
rities were able to begin the reconstruc–
tion of the economy and the govern–
m e n t a l m o s t i m m e d i a t e l y after re-
annexation of this territory, in western
Ukraine reconstruction was delayed by
anti-Soviet resistance from UPA.
in September 1944, the Soviet armies
penetrated the Carpathian Mountains
and began to occupy the major popula–
tion points of Transcarpathian Ukraine.
This region had been under Czechoslo–
v a k i a ' s j u r i s d i c t i o n in the i n t e r w a r
period and Hungary's during the war.
Although the Soviet-sponsored
"people's c o m m i t t e e s " that arose in
October 1944, were initially opposed by
rival committees established by mem–
bers of the Czechoslovak government-
in-exile, 89 there was never much doubt
that Stalin intended to incorporate the
region, into the USSR eventually.
A c o n f e r e n c e of the C o m m u n i s t
Party of Transcarpathian Ukraine held
on November 19, 1944, was addressed
by a local Ruthenian, І. 1. Turyanytsya,
who had spent considerable time in
M o s c o w b o t h before a n d after the
war. 90 An assembly was duly "elected"
t o p r o p o s e i n c o r p o r a t i o n i n t o the
USSR, a move that was ratified by the
Soviet side in June І945. 91 Turyanytsya
b e c a m e p a r t y first s e c r e t a r y of the
Transcarpathian Oblast of the Ukrai–
nian SSR. in contrast with neighboring
Galician Ukraine, Communist influence
in Transcarpathia had been consider–
able in the interwar period, and despite
the persistence of a strong pro-Ukrai–
nian current very little armed resistance
to Soviet rule was put up there. As a
result, the Soviet authorities found it
relatively easy to seal off the region
from the rest of Ukraine and make
preparations for its annexation.
By the end of 1944, the entire terri–
tory of Ukraine was held once again by
the Soviet Army. The major problems
facing t h e Soviet l e a d e r s were t h e
restoration of the economy, the re-
establishment of Soviet organs on the
reconquered territory, and the consoli–
dation of Soviet authority in western
Ukraine. The large-scale armed re–
sistance to Soviet authority constituted
an authentic threat to Soviet rule over
the countryside for the next few years.
The Ukrainian territories had suffered
over five years of w a r f a r e Sox : et
sources estimate the d a m a g e to the
Ukrainian economy as a result of the
G e r m a n o c c u p a t i o n at 285 billion
rubles or 40 percent of the republic's
national wealth. , , : Allowance must be
made for the fact thu: :he Sallies '.hat
SUNDAY, OCTOBER І З , 1985
took place on Ukrainian territory were
responsible for a large proportion of
t h a t s u m r a t h e r t h a n mere willful
destruction on the part of the occupiers.
Nevertheless, the devastation was con–
s i d e r a b l e . Over 28,000 villages a r e
reported to have been destroyed.9'1 At the
same time, the aftermath of the Warsaw
a number of concessions to Ukrainian
national feeling, such as a seal at the
United Nations, along with the Byelo–
russian SSR. in the long term, however.
World War 11 led directly to a period of
intense Russification in Ukraine that
has continued, with brief periods of
respite, to the present day. Stalin felt
that the Ukrainians had shown them–
selves to be untrustworthy. He held
them largely responsible for the defeats
suffered by the Red Army in Ukraine at
the start of the war, for joining the ranks
of the insurgents, and for allowing
themselves to be deported as slave labor
to the Third Reich.
in taking this attitude towards Ukrai–
nians, Stalin chose to overlook two
factors. The first of these is that the
majority of Ukrainians chose to resist
the Nazi invader and played a signifi–
cant part in the war effort. Ukraine lost
15 percent of its population during the
conflict, its sacrifices compare favor-
ably with other regions of the USSR.
The second factor is that the many
Ukrainians who opposed a return of
Soviet rule had compelling reasons for
doing so. Soviet writers have chosen to
ignore these reasons, in discussing non-
returners among Soviet peoples who
found themselves in the West at the end
of the war. Mark Elliott notes that 52.6
p e r c e n t were U k r a i n i a n s , w h i c h - h e -
perceives as a consequence of Moscow's
"rough handling" of its non-Russian
Soviet citizens. 94 The famine of 1933 in
eastern Ukraine, the Stalinist purges,
and the short but repressive period of
Soviet rule in former eastern Poland in
1939-41 had clearly alienated many
Ukrainians to Soviet rule.
75. "Pravdu nc zdolaty: Trudiashchi
zakhidnykh oblastey URSR v borotbi proty
Ukrainskykh burzhuaznykh naisionalistiv u
roky sotsialistychnykh peretvoren." Lviv.
1974. p. 95.
76. Bilinsky, "The Second Soviet Re-
public...," p. 118.
77. Dmytro Doroshenko, "A Survey of
Ukrainian History." Winnipeg. Trident
Press, 1975, p. 751.
78. "The Ukrainian insurgent Army...,"
p. 25.
79. "Pravdu ne zdolaty...." p. 131.
80. This is covered in detail by Szczesniak
and Szota, "Droga do nikad."
81. The figure of 2.5 million is cited in
Tel.: (201) 887-2186
BRAVIAK FUNERAL HOME INC.
Joseph P. Braviak
. Manager
FUNNY TEARS
a collection of short stories
by MYKOLA PONED1LOK
in English translation from the original Ukrainian,
(lustrations by EKO (Edward Kozak) and Halyna Mazepa.
To order send SlO.OO plus J1.00 postage to:
"Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopedia," vol. 2,
Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1971.
p. 148.
82. "Khliborob Ukrainy."No. 1. 1985, p
28.
83. "Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopedia.'
vol. 2, p. 149.
84. M. O. Buts"ko. "K.PRS: orhanizator
vsenarodnoyi dopomohy lrudiashchym
zakhidnykh oblastey URSR v vidbudovi і
dalshomu roz.vytku narodnoho hospodar–
stva (l944-1950rr.)," Kiev. 1959, p. 79.
85. ibid.
86. The decree of September 1944 isciled
in Roben H. McNeal (ed.). "Resolution
and Decisions of the Communist Party oi
the Soviet Union, vol. 3: The Stalin Years."
Toronto, University of Toronto Press, 1974.
pp. 228-32; the decree of November 1944. i–
cited in "Komunislychna partiya Ukrainy v
rezolyutsiyakh і rishennyakh zyizdiv,konfe–
rcntsiv і plenumiv TsK." vol. 2. Kiev. 1977
pp. 78-88. - .
87. P. 1. Dcnysenko. "vidbudova ekono
miky і kultury v zakhidnykh obla'stiakh
Ukrainskoyi RSR (l944-l945rr.)." Ukrain–
skvi istorychnyi zhurnal. No. 5. 1964. p. 94
88. ibid.
89. "Narysy istoriyi Zakarpalskoyi oblas–
noyi parliynovi orhanizatsiyi." Uzhhorod
1980. p. 132.
90. ibid., p. 136.
91. Borys Lewytzkyj, "Die Swjetukraim
1944-1960." Cologne. Kippenheueranii
Witsch. 1964. p. 25.
Studies fund created...
(Continued from page 4)
organizational secretary; Dmytro
Bahrij. planning secretary; and Mr
Kobylecky, press secretary.
A review board was also nominated
consisting of; M r . - O h a r e n k o . presi–
dent; Myron Prymak, vice-president:
ancTTvan Sarvadij, secretary.
A s t i p e n d fund for m a s t e r ' s a n d
d o c t o r a l d e g r e e c a n d i d a t e s is to be
established, and arrangements are being
made to raise money for the fund.
Tax-deductible d o n a t i o n s may be
made towards the project through the
following institutions: First Security
Federal Savings Bank, 936 N. Western
Ave., Chicago, ill., 60622. (account No.
31872-3); Self–Reliance Federal Credit
Union, 2351 W. Chicago Ave.. Chicago.
ill. 60622 (account No. 26522).
HELP WANTED
LOVING UKRAINIAN NANNY
to live in our home in exchange for child care.
Reply with references and qualifications:
3 0 8 Eastbrook Dr.
Charlottesville. va. 2 2 9 0 1
49 Whippany Road
Whippany N.J.
Svoboda Book Store
30 Montgomery St.
Jersey City, N. J. 0 7 3 0 2
(New Jersey residents add 6 sales
14 THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER ІЗ, 1985 No. 41

t
Manor opens learning center
JENK.1NTOWN, Pa. - Manor Ju– different routes. One is by recognizing
nior College, has opened a new Learn– that they need help in a particular
ing Center to aid students in improving course: another is on the suggestion of
their study skills and to maintain their an instructor, and the third is through a
We Wish to inform our relatives, friends and Ukrainian community high standard of academic excellence. mandatory referral by an instructor, in
that the remains of The center, coordinated by Dr. the last case, a student must attend the
Madeline Seltzer, chairperson of the center in order to pass a course.
EUHEN1A SKASK1W liberal arts division and English depart–
ment, and Marvlou Delizia, director of
Dr. Seltzer explained that Manor's
new center is a dream come true and has
from the house of Durbak counseling, began operation on Sep– been fashioned after learning labs at
tember 16. other colleges. She also said that by
were desinterred from Glen Spey Cemetery of Glen Spey, New York and reintombed in
Ukrainian National Monument-Mausoleum. 4111 Pennsylvania Avenue S.E.. Washing- Students come to the center for helping students in the center, there is a
ton, O.C. Religious Services were performed by Rev. Fr. Bohdan Skaskiw and Rev. Fr. additional help with writing and read– greater chance that they will be able to
Joseph Denyschuk on September 19. 1985. ing and other coursework problems, successfully attain their academic goals.
1N ETERNAL REMEMBRANCE. explained Dr. Seltzer. Long-range The Learning Center is open from 9
plans include a tutor for every course a.m. to 3 p.m., Monday to Thursday,
offered at Manor, Dr. Seltzer said. and by appointment on evenings and
The center is staffed by Robert Ott, weekends.
English instructor at Manor, and Manor Junior College is a two-year
FOR ONL v 2Ф PER DAY Donna Macphee, a part-time center college offering associate degrees in
employee. Student volunteers from the business, secretarial science, allied
you can t e insured for faculty and Manor's student honor health fields, computer science and the
S5,000 societies will tutor at the Learning liberal arts.
under an Center. For more information on Manor call
Students come to the center by three (215) 885-2360.
ACCIDENTAL DEATH
and
DISMEMBERMENT CERTIFICATE Famine documentary...
five hours of good material down to 55
minutes, and that he had to work with 2
of the (Continued from page 1) million feet of film from five countries.
UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION One member of the audience asked He stressed that in the making of the
The low, low premiums for new ADD Certificates, Mr. Nowytski if he was convinced by film he was concerned first of all with
issued after Oct. 1, 1983. are as follows: the materials that the famine was a "what was being done to human beings,"
deliberate attempt to eradicate Ukrai– rather than any political interpretations
S6 50 Annually nian nationalism. Mr. Nowytski replied of the famine.
S3 35 Semi-annually that when he makes a film he has to be
S175 Quarterly convinced beyond the shadow of a The next day, Mr. Nowtyski told The
.60 Monthly Weekly of an interesting coincidence:
doubt. "1 believe the evidence points out later on the day of the press screening
Premiums are the same for all members, age 16-55. that it was a deliberate attempt to Mr. Bcucrror-riad told him that his
eliminate those people perceived as a grandfather was a Ukrainian named
threat (to the Soviet system)." he said. Boris Osherowilch, who emigrated
Another questioner said he was from Kiev to Paris in 1905.
disturbed by the English-language
МАТЕРІ, БАТЬКИ, voice-over, and said that he found it too "Harvest of Despair." which was
melodramtic. Mr. Nowytski answered produced by the Toronto-based Ukrai–
БАБУСІ, ДІДУСІ! that he had instructed the actors to keep nian Famine Research Committee with
the tone of their voice-overs neutral, but the assistance of the National Film
that "a couple of them were so moved Board of Canada, is one of 27 films
Ваші діти - внуки, що далеко поза рідним д о м о м (by the eyewitness accounts) that they being shown during the 23rd New York
с т у д і ю ю т ь , відбувають військову службу, чи мають broke down in the translation booth." Film Festival.
інші зайняття та обов'язки He added. "They're human, too." Also in town for the film festival were
During the course of the press confe– Jurij Darewych and Bohdan Onyschuk
не втратять зв'язку з життям української rence, Mr. Nowytski also revealed that of the Ukrainian Famine Research
he found it extremely difficult to edit Committee.
громади, коли Ви подбаєте про те, щоб
вони кожного тижня одержували
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No. 41
Oversimplification...
(Continued from page 6)
b k r a i m a r b am! Byelorussians.
As the Mongols declined. Muscovy
was able to gain its freedom and develop
its own state, lvan ill is regarded as the
real f o u n d e r of M u s c o v y , a n d it is
during his reign that some of thecxpan–
sionary theories were invented. There-
after the Muscovites would claim to be
"heirs" of the Kievan. Byzantine and
Mongolian empires.
in the meantime. Ukraine and Byelo–
russia. parts of the Lithuanian state,
were m o r e d i r e c t l y d r a w n i n t o the
l'olіsh–Lithuanian Commonwealth
which after the Union of Lublin of 1569
b e c a m e d o m i n a t e d by P o l a n d . The
Poles quickly alienated the Ukrainians
because of their religious 'intolerance
a n d t h e e x t e n s i o n of s e r v i t u d e . To
escape Polish oppression Ukrainian
men fled across the Dnieper River and
established a military order known as
the "Zaporozhian Kodaks." Known as
"defenders of Orthodoxy." they fought
against the Turks. Tatars. Poles and
even, when the situation demanded it.
fought in the service of the pope.
Being Ukrainian, the Kozaks periodi–
cally stirred up revolts in Polish-held
Ukraine. Finally in 1648. not beingable
to hold back any longer, under the
leadership of Bohdan Khmelnvtsky.
they began a revolt which swept the
Polish forces out of Ukraine. But the
"Deluge." as it was know n, dragged on.
The West assisted Poland because it
regarded the struggle as one of Catholi–
cism against Protestantism and Ortho-
doxy. As a result, by 1654. Khmelnyt–
sky, observing the exhaustion of his
Kozak armies, decided to negotiate a
military agreement with Muscovy. The
r e s u l t i n g c o n t r o v e r s i a l T r e a t y of
Percyaslav of 1654, placed Ukraine
under Muscovite protection. The treaty
was not an act of union as Russian
historians have a tendency to portray it.
it was typical of treaties signed among
European states of that period and was
soon negated by a similar treaty signed
by the.Ukrainians with Sweden in 1656.
W h a t e v e n t u a l l y allowed the Mus–
covites to establish a permanent hold on
Ukraine was not the Treaty of Pereya–
slav but the continued warfare that
lasted until the 1670s and is known by
historians as the "Ruin."
De Paul University...
(Continued from-page 4)
forced drug treatments."
Ms. vins concluded her presentation
with a quote from the book of Proverbs,
"God is calling us to-'deliver those who
are being taken away to death, and
those who are staggering t o slaughter'"
(Proverbs 24: 11).
The more than 30 community leaders
and journalists present at the panel
discussion, also heard presentations on
Ukrainian American Professionals
and Business Persons Association
SHAKE, RATTLE
AND ROLL
on Saturday, November 2, 1985 at 8:00 P.M.
at the Maplewood Tennis Club, 489 Ridgewood Road, Maplewood, N.J.
Buffet - Dinner
Period attire requested
THE UKRAINIAN WEEKLY
After P e r e y a s l a v the U k r a i n i a n s
negated the agreement time and time
again, in 1656 they signed an exact
replica of the treaty with the Swedes,
and later with the Turks. To punctuate
their desire to be separate from the
Russians they signed t h e H a d i a c z
Agreement with Poland and in 1659. at
the Battle of K o n o t o p . defeated a
100,000-man Russian army advancing
into Ukraine, in 1709 at the Battle of
Poltava they fought on the side of the
Swedes in the Great Northern War. in
1918 Ukraine declared its independence
and fought a three-year war against Red
Russia, in 1941 Ukraine again declared
its i n d e p e n d e n c e a n d f o u g h t b o t h
a g a i n s t the Soviet U n i o n a n d Nazi
Germany
Today Byelorussia and Ukraine are
both charter members of the United
Nations, are union republics of the
USSR and have their own Communist
parties. But membership in the United
Nations as well as the trappings of state-
hood are a facade which masks the real
objectives of the Soviet Union, heir of
imperial Russia. The USSR wants to
a s s i m i l a t e U k r a i n e a n d Byelorussia
through a policy of Russification. Our
historians are making it easy for them
by referring to non-Russian peoples and
histories as Russian. A case in point is
referring to Kievan R u s ' as Kievan
Russia at a time when the title Russia
was non-existent and was first officially
used by Peter 1 and the Muscovites in - greater coverage with the direct-mail
the 18th century.
Although one may fail to see the quarters organization.
importance of terms and their correct
application in our history texts, one
must recognize that incorrect labeling,
just like faulty labeling of medicines,
may do irrevocable damage. Semantics
arc important here because by equating
Rus' with Russia one gives credit to the
l a t t e r for h i s t o r y t h a t is not of its
making. The renowned English pro–
fessor Arnold Toynbee understood the
i n t r i c a c i e s of M u s c o v i t e " i n vent і ve–
ness,"as well as the gullible acceptance
of Muscovite statements as gospel truth
by m a n y W e s t e r n h i s t o r i a n s , in an
article written in 1915 he cautioned
them with the statement "we must be
careful of our terms." Needless to say.
we must not ignore that warning be–
cause, as seen by American school and
college textbooks, it still applies.
the struggle for Jewish religion and
culture within the Soviet Union as well
as t h e p r e d i c a m e n t of t h e L a t v i a n
Church in the USSR.
Henry Mason, a specialist on Soviet
nationalities policy spoke on the topic
of "Muslims in the U S S R . "
A m o n g t h o s e in a t t e n d a n c e were
Martin Oberman, a prominent Chicago
alderman, and Marcia Lazar, president
of the Chicago Chapter of the American
Jewish Committee.
cordially invites you to
525.00 per person
RSYP by October 28, 1985 to (201) 376-6819
SUNDAY, OCTOBER ІЗ, 1985
Suggests staging... taken place in the offending countries. І
would suggest, for obvious reasons,
(Continued from page 5) u s i n g e v e n t s from t h e lives of t h e
human rights for all people who are deceased.
oppressed today. The event could take it would also be enlightening to see
place on December 12 which is Human pictures of present-day living condi–
Rights Day. The event should not be tions for the common man.
sponsored by only one ethnic group, but if such an event could be sponsored in
by all groups whose countries of origin some way 1 believe it should be done in
are now suffering from tyranny and the best possible way and wholehearted–
oppression. ly so that it would be a maior world
The objective would be to let the event. After all it would be foi the
leaders of the offending countries know benefit of the most important creaiure
that the whole world knows what their on the face of the earth ' man'
governments have done and are doing it is mv fervent wish that these simplc
to their innocent citizens, it would also thoughts might be enlarged upon in a
let the oppressed people know that the wav which would help t o w a r d the
rest of us have not forgotten them but freedom of the oppressed, it is the truth
which will make them lree.
that we wish to express our solidarity
with them in working for their freedom.
І an not exactly sure on all the ways to Martha J. Augenstein
get this message across, but instead of Miami
money people could be encouraged to
send a note to the offending countries' New release!
embassies throughout the free world
The actual T v presentation could
have, among other things, documentary
s t o r i e s of a c t u a l e v e n t s which have
Millennium...
(Continued from page 4)
nians and families of Ukrainian descent
from W a s h i n g t o n a n d s u r r o u n d i n g
areas. Such a list can be used to achieve
c a m p a i g n b e i n g c o n d u c t e d by t h e
Harvard Project C o m m i t t e e ' s head-
Mrs. Mostovych said she hopes that
Ukrainians in other communities will
create similar branches to raise funds
locally, recognizing the long-jejm
ramifications of the Harvard Project
and the significant role that it plays in
establishing Ukraine's rightful place in
world historv and literature.
Lesya W o l a n s k y
Yjkstio liubylh Kokluy Chervoruyi Kjlynon U Tykho fuel
Richkoiu Oy Ту Rictten fco'Uluv StrilttZ N ' vinon ku Tvoyi
Ocht^Oy ly Oivchyno ZarnchtnayiTTy Pytireitt Cny Kokhaiu
U t t v Pushok'Oy Hubochky OpenechkyKokhjnya Kvitka
Pryrody
' ' IKRAIHKN лшият aaxs a -
TTTboden Mode CmteT" RECORDS S TAPES
With Non-Toxic Polyurethane
Л (BEAT C1FT ПЕА KB 0МУ S14.95
Send S10 00 (includes postage)
' 51.00 For Shipping and Hardline
Send Check o r Honey Order Payable t o : YEVSHAN CORPORATION
I K E BLOCKS
Box 1 2 5
P.O. DC 347297
PAPHA, о т о w.134 Station St. Michel
Montreal. Quebec H2A-3L9
Please Allow Six Weeks for Delivery Canada
Pittsburgh and Western Pennsylvania
D1STR1CT COMMLTTEE OF UNA BRANCHES
OF PITTSBURGH AND WESTERN PENNSYLVANIA
ANNOUNCES THAT 1TS
ORGANIZING MEETING
W i l l BE HELD
Sunday, October 2 0 , 1 9 8 5 , at 1:30 p.m. - sharp
at the 600 Glenwood Avenue, Ambridge, Pa.
All members of the District Committee. Convention Delegates. Branch Officers
of the following Branches are requested to attend without fail:
24. 41, 53, 56, 63, 91, 96, 109, 113, 120. 126. 132, 161. 264.
276,296,338,481
PROGRAM:
1. Opening Remarks.
2. Review of the organizational work of the District during the past months
3.
4.
5.
Discussion of fall Organizational Campaign.
Adoption of membership campaign plan for balance of 1985.
General UNA topics.
6. Questions and answers, adjournment.
Meeting will be attended by:
S t e f a n H a w r y s z , Supreme Organizer
A n d r e w J u l a , Supreme Advisor
D1STR1CT COMMlTTEE:
ANDREW JULA. President
DMYTRO HOLOWATY. Secretary EUSTACHY PROKOPOWYCZ. Ueasurer
 1 6 ^ ^ „ ^ ^ „ . ^ T H E UKRAINIAN WEEKLY SUNDAY, OCTOBER ІЗ, 1985 ' ,,.„.
;WWfMWWtWWWWWWWlWHWWWWHWHWWWWWWWWlWW^; і
UKRAINE; PREVIEW OF EVENTS
October 13 to November 3
A CONCISE ENCYCLOPAEDIA NEW YORK: A sculpture by artist
Anya Farion will be featured in the
89th annual exhibition of the Catha–
volume 1 and 11 rine Lorillard Wolfe Art Club. The
exhibition is open to the public from
The Fl'-et volume: General information, Physical noon to 7 p.m. at the National Art
Geography and Natural History, Population, Ethno– Club, 15 Gramercy Park S.
graphy, Ukrainian Language, History of Ukraine,
Ukrainian Culture, and Ukrainian Literature. October 17
Price: 575.00 CH1CAGO: Part two of a three-part
seminar on "A history of the Defa–
mation of Ukrainians" will be con-
The Second volume: Law, The Ukrainian Church, ducted by Myron Kuropas in the
Scholarship, Education and Schools, Libraries, Ar– basement of St. Nicholas Cathedral
chives, and Museums, Book Printing, Publishing and at Rice and Oakley. The seminar
the Press, The Arts, Music and Choreography, starts at 7 p.m. and admission is free.
"і" ater and Cinema, National Economy, Health This lecture is part of a series on
"Advocating the Ukrainian Cause in
and Medical Services and Physical Culture, the Ar– America" sponsored by the Ukrai–
med Forces, Ukrainians Abroad. nian .American Justice Committee.
For more information contact
Roman Golash at (312) 359-8489.
Price: 585.00
K W H W H D W W H W W W t W W W , і і October 18 to 20
"October 24
You can obtain both volumes WASH1NGTON: The Ukrainian
American Bar Association is holding
for only Si40.00 its ninth annual meeting at the
including Postage Capitol Hilton Hotel. The meeting
mtfmttfetftfrmtttfmttftuftfefftfte will feature lectures, social events
and business sessions. William Brad-
Fill out the order blank below and mail it with ford Reynolds, the assistant attorney
vour check or money order. general of the U.S. Justice Depart–
ment's Civil Rights Division will
U S E TfflS COUPON! speak at a "Scholarship Benefit
Gala" on Saturday evening. For
further information contact Bohdan
To: UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION, inc. Futey at (202)653-6159.
30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N.J. 07302
І hereby order Ukraine: A Concise Encyclopaedia October 20
Q volume 1 S75.00
rj volume 11 S85.00 NEWARK, NJ.: A children's ma–
П volumes І A 11 S140.00 squerade featuring games, prizes and
Enclosed is (a check, M. 6.) for the amount 1 - „ a musician will be held at St. John the
Please send the book (s) to the following address: Baptist Ukrainian School, 762 San-
ford Ave., at 3 p.m. Admission is S3
Name for adults and 51 for children. This
event is sponsored by the Mother's
Club of the school.
No Street
FRESH MEADOWS, N.Y.: The
City State Zip Code Annunciation of the Blessed virgin
J Ukrainian Catholic Church will
sponsor an arts and crafts festival in
the church hall, 171-21 Underhill
Ave. The event will take place from
noon to 6 p.m. and admission is free.
UKRAINIAN HERITAGE DEFENSE COMMITTEE For more information call (718) 939-
and the
4416.
SUPREME EXECUTIVE COMMITTEE
FL1NT, Mich.: A "Fall Festival" will
of the be held at the Ukrainian Hall, 3321
UKRAINIAN NATIONAL ASSOCIATION W. Pasadena, from 11 a.m. to 9 p.m.
call upon you to The second annual festival will
feature Ukrainian food, entertain–
DONATE FUNDS ment, arts and crafts displays, games,
raffles and door pri7.es. Admission is
for their work and actions: 52 and children under 12 will be
1. To promote the Ukrainian Story
admitted free. For further informa–
tion call (313) 750-9794.
2. To counter inaccuracies about Ukrainians
3. To protect the civil rights of Ukrainians MAPLEWOOD, N.J.: The Wo–
Please mail donations by check or money-order to: men's Club of Holy Ascension U–
krainian Orthodox Church will
UKRAINIAN HERITAGE DEFENSE F U N D
sponsor a Chinese auction at 1 p.m.
cXo Ukrainian National Association in the church hall, 652 irvington Ave.
30 Montgomery Street, Jersey City, N.J. 07302 The auction will include prizes,
id include the following form, completed with the amount of donation, your name– - t f f f f m t m f f t f t f f f 4 - f H - 4 f f t t 4 4 t 4 H 4 - b
and address.
SVOBODA PRINT SHOP
Amount of donation '... Professional typesetting and printing services.
We print
Name BOOKS a BROCHURES " LEAFLETS
For information and rates contact
No. and Street SVOBODA
30 Hontgomery Strut m Jersey City, N.J. 07302
-City ' State Zip code Telephone: (201) 434-0237: (201) 434-0807;
. m
... ; ^ ^ ^ ^ - - ^ u N o . 4 i
raffles and arts and crafts. For ticket
information call Nancy Nazar at
(201)923-0926.
NEW YORK: A reception marking
the opening of an exhibit of water-
colors and oils by artist Theresa
Markiw will be held at 1 p.m. at the
Ukrainian Artists Association
Gallery, 136 Second Ave., fourth
floor. The exhibit, which will run
through October 27, is open to the
public on weekdays, 6-8 p.m., and
weekends, 1-8 p.m.
October 21
NEW YORK: The opening reception
of the annual Slavic Heritage Week
will be held at 7 p.m. at the Ukrainian
institute of America, 2 E. 79th St.
The evening will include greetings
from public officials, a musical
program and cocktail reception. For
further information call (212) 794-
5974.
CAMBRIDGE, Conn.: A lecture on
"Rumanian-Ukrainian Relations in
the 10th through 17th Centuries as ,,
reflected in Rumanian Historio– ',',
graphy" will be held at 4 p.m. at the
Harvard Ukrainian Research insti–
tute, 1583 Massachusetts Ave. The
speaker will be Matei Cazacu, a
research fellow at the lnstitut de
Recherche et d'Historie des Textes
(Section slave) in Paris. For further
information call (617) 495-4053.
CH1CAGO: The last seminar in a
three-part series on the history of the
defamation of Ukrainians will take
place at 7 p.m. in the basement hall of
St. Nicholas Cathedral, Rice and
Oakley streets. The seminar will be
conducted by Myron Kuropas and
admission is free. This event is
sponsored by the Ukrainian Ameri–
can Justice Committee. For further
information call Roman Golash at
(312) 359-8489.
PREviEW OF EvENTS, a listing
of Ukrainian community events open
to the public, is a service provided
free of charge by The Weekly to the
Ukrainian community. To have an
event listed in this column, please
send information (type of event,
date, time, place, admission,
sponsor, etc.), along with the phone
number of a person who may be^
reached during daytime hours for'
additional information, to: PRE–
viEW OF EvENTS, The Ukrainian
Weekly, 30 Montgomery St., Jersey
City, N J . 07302.
PLEASE NOTE: Preview items
must be received one week before
desired date of publication. No
information will be taken over the
phone. Preview items will be
published only once (please note
desired date of publication). All
items are published at the discretion
of the editorial staff and in accor–
dance with available space.