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Gii thiu
H Ni, 05/2008
Li gii thiu
B tng ct thp l vt liu -c s dng rng ri trong lnh vc xy dng. Nhu cu s dng
ct thp cho cc cng trnh trn c n-c ln n hng triu tn, trong khi l-ng thp trn
cn -c ni chim t 55 n 70% ca tng s ct thp trong b tng. Vit nam hin nay,
ph-ng php ni ct thp thng dng vn l ni buc v ni hn.
Mt s hn ch khi s dng ph-ng php ni buc:
- Ct thp lm vic khng ng tm, kh m bo chiu di ni buc theo quy nh.
- Khi l-ng thp ti cc mi ni buc rt ln.
- T l s l-ng mi ni ti mt tit din -c quy nh gii hn khi s dng ph-ng
php ni buc ct thp m bo an ton cho kt cu. Do vy, vic buc c nh ct
s gp nhiu kh khn c bit v tr c mt ct thp dy c hoc trn cao.
- Vic gia cng, lp dng ct thp m bo vng ni - chiu di ni theo ng quy nh
dn n mt phn cy thp b tha khng chiu di yu cu s dng cho cc kt
cu khc. Khi l-ng thp khng quy cch ny gy ra lng ph, c bit nhng
cng trnh s dng mt khi l-ng ln thp xy dng.
Mt s hn ch khi s dng ph-ng php ni hn:
- C mt s loi ct thp khng -c s dng ph-ng php hn v nh h-ng n tnh
nng c l ca thp.
- Ct thp lm vic khng ng tm.
- Kh kim sot cht l-ng -ng hn (chiu di, chiu cao, ng nht ca mi hn)
do mi hn thc hin trn cng tr-ng v tay ngh ca th.
- Khi s dng ph-ng php ny nht thit phi c ngun in cung cp hn, tiu tn
nhiu in nng, gy nhim mi tr-ng.
- Tc thi cng chm v gp nhiu kh khn i vi cc v tr trn kt cu c mt
ct thp cao.
Bn cnh cc ph-ng php ni ct thp truyn thng cn c mt s cc ph-ng php ni ct
thp tin tin khc rt -c quan tm. l ph-ng php ni ct thp bng c kh. Tu theo
cng ngh s dng, ni ct thp bng ph-ng php c kh gm cc loi nh-:
- Ni ct thp bng ph-ng php dp p ng ni.
- Ni ct thp bng ng ren.
- Ni ct thp bng ng v keo gn epoxi, ni ct thp bng thit b ni c vt ch ...
Trong s cc ph-ng php ni ct thp bng c kh ni trn, ni ct thp bng ng ren hin
ang -c ng dng ph bin nhiu n-c trn th gii do cng ngh n gin, tin cy
cao v d s dng ti hin tr-ng.
Hnh 3: Lp rp mi ni ren
2.2 Thit b
4
Mi ni cp I
Ko tnh
Ko nn lp ng sut cao
Ko nn lp bin dng ln
Trong :
Mi ni cp II
R mn R ab
Cp I, Cp II
0 0.10 (D 32)
0 0.15 (D 32)
4.0
20du 0.3
4du 0.3
8du 0.6
20du
4du
8du
ch
3.2 ng ni ren
ng ni ren s dng ni ct thp l ng trn -c sn xut sn d-i dng sn phm nh
my. ng xut x-ng phi m bo cc ch tiu k thut v c chng ch hp chun. ng
ni ren gm hai loi s dng cho ct thp nhm CII (SD 295A) hoc CIII (SD 390). Cc
thng s c bn ca ng ren ni ct thp theo TCVN -c th hin trong cc bng 3 v 4.
Bng 3: Kch th-c v trng l-ng ng ren
Chiu di ng
(mm)
45
48
54
60
65
72
80
90
C ren
M22x2.5
M24x3.0
M27x3.0
M30x3.5
M32x3.5
M36x4.0
M39x4.0
M45x4.0
Trng l-ng
ng (kg)
0,106
0,152
0,210
0,295
0,390
0,585
0,865
1,090
-ng knh
ct thp
18
20
22
25
28
32
36
40
C-ng
chu ko
(Mpa)
501
456
442
453
470
486
459
470
C-ng
chu ko ln
nht (Mpa)
687
620
632
659
644
680
655
662
Gii hn n
hi (%)
15,0
14,5
16,5
17,2
13,3
9,2
8,3
6,2
dn di
(mm)
0,04
0,01
0,07
0,06
0,08
0,05
0,07
0,09
16
18 20
22 25
28 32
36 40
100
180
240
300
360
(N.m)
Ghi ch: Khi -ng knh ct thp khc nhau th ly mment xit t-ng ng vi
-ng knh ct thp nh hn
Mi ni -c kim sot cht l-ng theo cc trnh t sau:
- Kim tra chng ch xut x-ng v chng ch -c kim nh cht l-ng sn phm
do nh sn xut cung cp.
- Kim tra cht l-ng cc u ren trn ct thp.
- Kim tra cht l-ng mi ni sau khi lp ng ren.
- Ly 03 mu mi ni thc hin th nghim ko tnh cho tng loi ct thp.
4. Tnh hnh ng dng Vit Nam
T nm 2006, Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh Xy dng bt u nghin cu ng dng cng
ngh ni ct thp bng ng ren. Kt qu nghin cu cho thy cht l-ng mi ni rt cao,
vic thi cng trn cng trnh nhanh v thun tin, em li hiu qu kinh t rt ln do tit
kim -c ct thp c bit l i vi ct thp c -ng knh ln (D 22).
-a vo ng dng rng ri ti Vit Nam, nm 2007 Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh Xy dng
tin hnh bin son tiu chun h-ng dn k thut v nghim thu cng tc ni ct thp
bng ng ren trn c s cng ngh v tiu chun ni ct thp bng ng ren ca Trung Quc.
Tiu chun -c thng qua ti Hi ng khoa hc B xy dng thng 9/2007, trnh v
bo v ti B Xy dng vo u nm 2008.
7
Trung tm Cng ngh xy dng - Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh Xy dng s t chc o to,
cung ng thit b, vt t-, thi cng v chuyn giao cng ngh cng ngh ni ct thp bng
ng ren cho tt c cc t chc, n v thit k, thi cng c nhu cu.
a ch lin h:
Trung tm Cng ngh xy dng - Vin Khoa hc Cng ngh Xy dng (IBST)
- ng: L Quang
Chc v: Gim c
- a ch: 81 Ph Trn Cung - Ngha tn - Cu Giy- H Ni
- in thoi: +84. 903405974/ +84. 04. 2670365/ +84. 04. 7561356
- Fax: 04. 8361197
- Email: lequanglan511@yahoo.com hoc ttcn_ibst@viettel.com.vn
Trung tm cng ngh xy dng
Gim c
L Quang
ph lc 1
- Nh my nhit in Sn ng - Bc Giang
- Hanoi City Complex - -ng o Tn - Ba nh - H Ni
Hnh 2: u ren v ng ni
Hnh 5: Ni ct thp ct
9
Ct thp
F20
F22
F25
F28
F32
33
36
40
44
50
Chiu di ng
(mm)
48
54
60
65
72
C ren
M24 x3.0
M24 x 3.0
M29 x 3.5
M32 x3.5
M36 x4.0
Trng
L-ng
ng (kg)
0,152
0,210
0,295
0,390
0,585
Gi
ng ren
Loi
ng ren
()
(mm)
F20
F22
F25
F28
F32
16.000
18.000
23.000
29.000
35.000
Gi
ng ren
()
16.000
18.000
23.000
29.000
35.000
Nhn cng/mi ni
Khi
l-ng
0,0250
0,0280
0,0450
0,0580
0,0680
n gi
Thnh
85.000
85.000
85.000
85.000
85.000
2.125
2.380
3.825
4.930
5.780
ngy cng
tin
My (p+ren)/mi ni
Ca
n gi
0,00719
0,01500
0,02500
0,04800
0,06500
200.000
200.000
200.000
200.000
200.000
my
ca my
Thnh
tin()
1.438
3.000
5.000
9.600
13.000
Thnh tin
mi ni
()
19.563
23.380
31.825
43.530
53.780
Ghi ch:
- Gi ng ren tnh ti thi im thng 3 nm 2008 xut x-ng ti H Ni ch-a bao gm thu VAT
- n gi mi ni ren trn l gi thi cng ( tin u ren nh-ng ch-a lp dng trn kt cu cng trnh) ti H Ni ch-a bao gm thu VAT
Bng3: so snh chnh lch n gi mi ni bng ng ren trn cng trnh vi ni buc
-ng
knh
Ct thp
F20
F22
F25
F28
F32
Khi
n
l-ng F gi thp
kg/m
2,46
2,98
3,85
4,83
6,31
/kg
14.500
14.500
14.500
14.500
14.500
Thnh
tin
/m
35.741
43.247
55.845
70.052
91.497
30 d
(m)
0,60
0,66
0,75
0,84
0,96
35d
Chiu di ni
40d
(m)
0,70
0,77
0,88
0,98
1,12
(m)
ni 45d
()
0,8
0,88
1
1,12
1,28
0,90
0,99
1,13
1,26
1,44
ni 50d
()
1,00
1,10
1,25
1,40
1,60
ni 30 d
()
21.445
28.543
41.884
58.844
87.837
Gi mi ni buc
ni 35d
ni 40d
ni 45d
ni 50d
25.019
33.300
48.865
68.651
102.477
28.593
38.057
55.845
78.459
117.116
32.167
42.814
62.826
88.266
131.756
35.741
47.571
69.807
98.073
146.395
()
()
()
()
Gi mi
ni ren
ni 30 d
19.563
23.380
31.825
43.530
53.780
1882
5.163
10.059
15.314
34.057
()
()
Chnh lch gi
ni 35d
()
5.456
9.920
17.040
25.121
48.697
ni 40d
()
9.030
14.677
24.020
34.929
63.336
ni 45d
()
12.604
19.434
31.001
44.736
77.976
F20
F22
F25
F28
F32
10
Khi
l-ng F
kg/m
2,46
2,98
3,85
4,83
6,31
Thnh
/kg
/m
gi thp
14.500
14.500
14.500
14.500
14.500
tin
35.741
43.247
55.845
70.052
91.497
30 d
(m)
0,60
0,66
0,75
0,84
0,96
35d
(m)
Chiu di ni
0,70
0,77
0,88
0,98
1,12
40d
ni 45d
ni 50d
0,80
0,88
1,00
1,12
1,28
0,90
0,99
1,13
1,26
1,44
1,00
1,10
1,25
1,40
1,60
(m)
()
()
ni 30 d
()
21.445
28.543
41.884
58.844
87.837
Gi mi ni buc
ni 35d
ni 40d
ni 45d
ni 50d
25.019
33.300
48.865
68.651
102.477
28.593
38.057
55.845
78.459
117.116
33.896
45.116
66.204
93.012
138.840
35.741
47.571
69.807
98.073
146.395
()
()
()
()
Gi mi
ni ren
()
19.563
23.380
31.825
43.530
53.780
ni 30 d
(%)
8,77
18,09
24,02
26,02
38,77
Chnh lch gi
ni 35d
(%)
21,81
29,79
34,87
36,59
47,52
ni 40d
(%)
31,58
38,57
43,01
44,52
54,08
ni 45d
(%)
42,29
48,18
51,93
53,20
61,26
TT
Ni dung
S l-ng mi ni cho 1 cy
1 thp di 11,7 m
5 thp
11
18
20
22
25
28
32
36
40
18
20
22
25
28
32
2,00
2,46
2,98
3,85
4,83
6,31
7,99
9,86
2,00
2,46
2,98
3,85
4,83
6,31
23
29
35
45
57
74
93
115
23
29
35
45
57
74
42,81
34,67
28,66
22,19
17,69
13,54
10,70
8,67
42,81
34,67
28,66
22,19
17,69
13,54
86
69
57
44
35
27
21
171
139
115
89
71
54
17
Ni dm, x
S mi ni
F20
F22
F25
F28
F32
trong 1 tn thp
69
57
44
35
27
-ng
Ni ct, vch
thp
knh
thp
F20
F22
F25
F28
F32
12
S mi ni
trong 1 tn thp
139
115
89
71
54
ni 30 d
()
21.445
28.543
41.884
58.844
87.837
Gi thnh 1 mi ni buc
ni 35d
()
25.019
33.300
48.865
68.651
102.477
ni 40d
()
28.593
38.057
55.845
78.459
117.116
ni 45d
()
32.167
42.814
62.826
88.266
131.756
ni 50d
()
35.741
47.571
69.807
98.073
146.395
ni 30D
()
21.445
28.543
41.884
58.844
87.837
ni 35d
()
25.019
33.300
48.865
68.651
102.477
ni 40d
()
28.593
38.057
55.845
78.459
117.116
ni 45d
()
32.167
42.814
62.826
88.266
131.756
ni 35D
()
()
1.882
5.163
10.059
15.314
34.057
Gi thnh 1 mi ni buc
ni 30 d
5.456
9.920
17.040
25.121
48.697
ni 40D
()
9.030
14.677
24.020
34.929
63.336
ni 45D
()
12.604
19.434
31.001
44.736
77.976
ni 50D
()
16.178
24.191
37.982
54.543
92.615
ni 30D
()
()
35.741
47.571
69.807
98.073
146.395
1882
5.163
10.059
15.314
34.057
ni 35D
()
5.456
9.920
17.040
25.121
48.697
ni 40D
()
9.030
14.677
24.020
34.929
63.336
ni 45D
()
12.604
19.434
31.001
44.736
77.976
ni 30D
()
ni 35D
()
ni 40D
()
129.832
376.446
623.059
442.598
749.748
1.056.897
1.314.812
1.710.079
294.280
535.992
919.545
565.436
879.249
ni 45D
()
869.672
836.593
1.107.750
1.222.506
1.565.763
1.364.047
2.105.347
ni 50D
()
16.178
24.191
37.982
54.543
92.615
ni 30D
()
261.547
ni 35D
()
()
1.255.148
1.751.948
1.516.535
2.137.815
2.759.095
1.140.793
1.087.299
1.783.620
1.839.089
()
ni 45D
758.347
593.722
895.255
ni 40D
2.629.624
1.687.863
2.479.941
3.420.159
2.234.933
3.176.263
4.210.694