2013 Third International Conference on Intelligent System Design and Engineering Applications

Water Enviroment Monitoring System Based on Zigbee Technology

Haifeng Li
School of Information Engineering Tianjin University of Commerce Tianjin, P.R.China buaashallop@yahoo.com.cn

Xufeng Hua Tianjin Key Laboratory of Aquatic Ecology and Aquaculture Tianjin Agricultural University Tianjin, P.R.China huaxufeng@163.com

Abstract- The Zigbee network isssued in this paper is used to

monitor the enviroment parameters of acquiculture water. Each sensor node of the network, which is composed of various sensors and a Zigbee chip CC2430, could measure temperature, velocity of flow, pH value, content of ammoniacal nitrogen etc. A GPRS module is used to complete data exchanging between remote monitoring center and the wireless sensor network. This system is an application in acquiculture field. Through

The whole system hardware consists of wireless sensor nodes, data exchanging nodes and monitorting platform. A. Wireless sensor node The wireless sensors node are used to detect the states of the sensors fixed in some important places and transfer the results to data exchanging node in same subnet in form of digital signal. As shown in Figure.1, the hardware structure of this kind of node is mainly composed of digital sensor and integrated chip CC2430 from Chipcon. Thermocouple is used to measure water temperature, the analogue signals from thermocouple is conditioned in signal transformation circuits and digitalized by the AD convertor contained in the microcontroller chip CC2430. The digital temperature values are directly read by kernel chip CC2430. Similarly, the analogue data from pH value sensors, tachometer and ammoniacal nitrogen sensors are all transformed tothe AD convertor of microcontroller chip CC2430. The CC2430 chip is an integrated chip with an embedded radio-frequency module in accordance with IEEE802.15.4. In a sensor node, CC2430 is configured as router or terminal of Zigbee network. The values from sensors are sent to data exchanging nodes via wireless network. B. Data exchanging node As the coordinator of the Zigbee network, the data exchanging nodes builds and manages the whole wireless network. Simultaneously, it is the interface between the GPRS network and the Zigbee subnets. As shown in Figure.2, the data exchanging node is mainly composed of CC2430 chip, GPRS module, displaying module, clock module, USB interface and EEPROM. In the data exchanging node, CC2430 is the coordinator of the wireless network. Linking with some wireless sensor nodes, each data exchanging node forms a subnet. To fulfil the requirement of monitoring period scheduled in monitoring platform, a large serial EEPROM, which is enough to save 24-hour measuring results from 128 wireless sensor nodes, is linked to CC2430. A USB interface based on CH375 chip is designed to save the measuring data in a USB storage to protect the data from losing while the internet or GPRS network fails. A serial clock chip DS1302 is fixed to provide the values of detecting time record and time interval between two detection operations. According to the practice requirement, the existing interval is 30 minutes. The CC2430 can exchange data with GPRS module via
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an algorithm based on neural BP network and D-S Evidence Theory, this system could diagnose the type of water enviroment parameter abnormity automatically.
Keywords-acquiculture water; D-S Evidence Theory; wireless sensor network; Zigbee

I. INTRODUCTION In acquiculture field, water enviroment parameters as such as temperature, velocity of flow, pH value and content of ammoniacal nitrogen must be reported and handled in time. The traditional parameter monitoring and alarming equipments are based on manual operation. In existing equipments on the basis of manual operation, the data from various detecting instruments are filled in file blank and analyzed manully. In such an enviroment information transmitting plan, the long transmission delay and torpid reaction could result in serious accidents and high cost. The wireless sensor network based on Zigbee technology is developed to solve the defects of existing parameters monitoring system. In the wireless system, all the data will be transmit in wireless method. The enviroment data from temperature sensors, pH value sensors, tachometer and ammoniacal nitrogen sensors will be collected in every network node and transfered to monitoring center. Since the real-time measuring data could be transmit to monitoring center via Zigbee network and GPRS network, the operation staff will only sit in the office to check up the system running state. II. SYSTEM STRUCTURE This paper is supported by the National Sparking Plan Project 2011GA610009, Tianjin Science and Technology Supporting Project 11ZCKFNC00400 and Science Research Fund of Tianjin University of Commerce Project 070115.

978-0-7695-4923-1/12 $26.00 2012 IEEE DOI 10.1109/ISDEA.2012.386

RS232 interface so that the detecting data could be transferred to remote monitoring center via GPRS net work and internet. The system field setup and real-time display of measuring results depend on five keys and an LCD.

Figure.3 Data route

Figure.1 Wireless sensor node

C. Data route The data route of the system is shown in Figure.3. After the measurement starts, the sensor nodes will detect the temperature and secirity states every monitoring period under the control of the monitoring platform. The measurement results and the monitoring states will be transferred to the monitoring platform and stored in the EEPROM. The monitoring platform sends the data to remote monitoring platform via GPRS Module.

IV. QUANTITY OF INFORMATION ESTIMATE. Generally, a thermocouple circuit, a tachometer, two pH value sensors and two ammoniacal nitrogen sensors are demanded in the measuring of each tested spot. The quantity of information from each sensor node is Nt every

Figure.4 Structure of control software

monitoring period, and the quantity of information of a sensor serial number is St. Each wireless sensor generates a sensor state Nh every monitoring period and a sensor serial number value Sh. The quantity of information Ds from each tested spot every monitoring period is shown in equation (1). (1) In this equation, Nn= Nh= Nt = 7 bytes, and Sh= St=1 bytes. Thus, Ds=9 bytes. Supposed that N spots should be tested on each subnet, and the average of the N results will be regarded as the true value of the tested building envelop. Thus, the data quantity Db from each building envelop could be described in equation (2). (2) According to requirement, M spots must be tested in the same building at most. And the maximum information quantity DMax to be transmitted in the wireless sensor network every monitoring period could be shown in equation (3).

Ds

(N t  St )  (N h  Sh )

Figure.2 Inspecting server

III. MONITORING PLATFORM The computer platform in monitoring platform is connected to internet by means of ADSL. The monitoring platform software is programmed in Visual Basic and Access Database. As shown in Figure.4, the structure of measuring control software is composed of data transceiver, database and its maintenance module, database querying module, data handling module, displaying and printing module, wireless network setup and control module etc.

Db

N u Ds

27 N bytes

D Max

M u D b bytes

(3)

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The data rate of the 2.4GHz Zigbee network is 250kb/s. Thus it can be seen, the quantity of information transmitted in the wireless network is so tiny that all the data generated during the measuring period could be received in time even if the communication expense of the wireless network were taken into account. ABNORMITY DIAGNOSIS OF ACQUICULTURE WATER ENVIROMENT BASED ON D-S EVIDENCE THEORY This system could diagnose the type of water enviroment parameter abnormity automatically. The algorithm for diagnosis is based on neural BP network and D-S Evidence Theory. Through the reason analysis of abnormity of water enviroment, the parameter features of the water enviroment at various kinds of abnormity are collected and record. Then based on the features of multi-sourse signals in terms of redundancy and complementary, the diagnosis information is effectively extracted. The operation results show that this algorithm has high relability and sensitivity in the abnormity diagnosis. V.

VI. CONCLUSION During field testing, this parameter monitoring system runs well and accurately. The real-time measuring data and security states could be transferred in time, and the monitoring platform could deal with the accident during the measuring period. Wireless data transmission protects the sensor signals from interfering. The system has little volume and light weight. LCD displaying and Chinese menu of the Data exchanging node make the operation flexibly. Finally, the USB interface and FLASH make the measuring data safe.

Reference
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