Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Mc lc
Cc Phn

Phn I
Phn II

Phn III

Phn IV

Phn V
Phn VI

Ni Dung
Mc Lc
Nhn Xt nh Gi Ca Gio Vin
Li Ni u
Kho St Hin Trng v Xc lp D n
Hin Trng Ca H Thng Hoch Ton K Ton
GiI Php
D Liu u Ra
Cc S Biu Din Chc Nng Ca H thng

Trang
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M hnh phn r chc nng h thng hch ton

k ton
S lung d liu
Phn tch cc d liu ca h thng

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M Hnh Thc Th Lin Kt

M Hnh Quan H Gi Liu
Thit k Tp
Mt S Tp C S D Liu
Mt S From Chnh
kt Lun

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Nhn xt nh gi ca gio vin

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

----------------------------------------------------------------------------------Gio vin

Li ni u
S pht trin ca ngnh cng ngh thng tin trong nhng nm
gn y em li nhng thnh tu to ln trong vic pht trin
kinh t. Nhng chng trnh tin hc ng dng ngy cng nhiu.
Rt nhiu cng vic th cng trc y nay c s l bng cc
phn mm chuyn dng, gim ng k cng sc ngi lao
ng, cng vic c x l nhanh chng v chnh xc cao.
c c mt phn mm tin hc ng dng p ng nhu cu cng
vic t ra th nhng ngi lp trnh phi i phn tch tm
hiu h thng lm vic ca chng trnh, v t xy dng ln
mt phn mm ng dng qun l chng trnh bng mt ngn
ng lp trnh no . Chng trnh, phn mm ng dng ng
vai tr quan trng trong lnh vc qun l,n l nhng cng c h
tr c lc v hu nh khng th thiu nhm p ng y
nht thun li nht nhng i hi ca cng vic qun l nh
nhng cng c tr gip c sn nh Access, SQLServer l mt phn
mm nh vy n c ng dng rng ri trong cng tc qun l,
khng nhng th n cn l mt ngn ng lp trnh kh mnh
gip cn b qun l c th vit nhng chng trnh s sng
c s d liu hay gii quyt mt yu cu no ,phn mn ng
dng ny phn no tr gip cc nh qun l tr ln nhanh
chng ,thun li,chnh xc v kp thi vi nhng tnh nng c sn
st vi thc t qun l.
Chng trnh Phn tch thi kt h thng hch ton k ton ca
cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm l mt chng trnh
c xy dng nhm p ng nhng i hi t ra ca qu
trnh qun l nh nhp thng tin v hng ho nhp v v xut i,
tm kim, thng k, in bo co v rt nhiu cng vic khc mt
cch nhanh chng v thun tin ,chnh xc mt cch h
thng.Trong chng trnh phn mn ng dng ny th chng
trnh nghin cu phn tch thit k h thng ng vai tr rt
quan trng trong vic thit k chng trnh phn mn ,nhn vo
bn phn tch ta c th hiu c ngi lp trnh mun lm g v
hiu c s hot ng ca h thng.

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Chng I
Kho st hin trng v xc lp d n
I. Hin trng ca h thng hch ton k ton (HTKT)
trong cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc, thc phm.
1.
Vi nt c bn v h thng HTKT :
Hu ht cc ng dng k ton trn th trng hin nay u
hng n mc ch tin hc ho cng tc k ton trong cc c
s lm vic, kinh doanh, t vn phng cho dn nh my sn
xut.
Nh chng ta bit bn thn k ton l cng vic tnh
ton kh mt thi gian. Nhng nm trc y trnh tin hc
cha pht trin, hu ht cc k ton vin s dng my tnh b
ti thc hin cng vic thng k bt ton, tnh tn qu, tn
kho, cng n, thu chi, chi ph gi thnh, Nhng cng vic ny
c th mt nhiu ngy hay nhiu tun kt thc k k
ton.
Ngy nay vi s tr gip ca my tnh, cng vic tnh ton
v kt s k ton ngy mt ci thin. Bt u t vic s
dng cc phn mm qun l, cng vic k ton tr ln d dng
hn.
V cho vic qun l c hon thin hn chng ta phi
i phn tch h thng hch ton k ton.
2.
Thc trng ca h thng HTKT trong cng ty xut
nhp khu lng thc, thc phm.
Yu km :
o Thiu vng : Khng c h thng hch ton k ton
hon chnh qun l, kim k, theo di v p ng
cc nhu cu thay i hng ngy.
o Km hiu qu trong vic qun l hng nhp v, hng
xut kho, hng tn kho, vic thanh ton, thu chi din
ra chm.
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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

o Cc cng vic nh: thng k hng nhp, hng xut, hng

tn kho, cng n, chi ph gi thnh, hu ht cc
nhn vin u dng my tnh b ti tnh ton,
thng k nn cng vic ko di nhiu ngy hoc c
th nhiu tun l c c bn thng k bo co v
k k ton.
o Cng vic theo di, thc hin n hng khng st,
xy ra nhiu sai st do phn tn v qun l.
o Tn ph : Do qu trnh i chiu th cng khp t
khi d tr n hng, hng nhn, phiu giao hng v
ho n thanh ton.
o V l nguyn nhn gy ra nhng nhc dim :
+ Tn rt nhiu thi gian v cng sc.
+ D nhm ln v sai st.
+ Kh kim tra v qun l.
+ Cng vic tm kim rt kh khn.
+ Cp nhp v sa i khng thun tin.
+ Hiu qu, nng xut thp.
Do h thng qun l hch ton k ton cn phi sa i
li c cu qun l, hot ng nhm nng cao hiu qu
d qun l n tng cng vic.
Mc tiu
o Khc phc cc yu km.
o Tng cng qun l, kim tra u vo v u ra ca
h thng.
o To ra mt h thng hch ton k ton hon chnh.
o T chc theo di qun l n hng, hng nhp kho,
xut kho, hng tn kho, n hng mt cch cht ch,
trnh cc sai st hoc s chm ch vi cc n hng.
II. Gii php
Cn t chc li c cu qun l.
Tin hc ho ton b cng on th cng trong k ton.
Nghin cu, phn tch h thng mt cch t m, chi tit
t vit ra mt phn mm hch ton k ton ph hp
vi h thng ca cng ty.
Tin dng i ng k ton thng tho v vi tnh.
Vic thng k s sch, d liu, tm kim, sa cha, bo
co, tr li cc n hng cn c x l bng my tnh.
III. D liu u ra
- Trong h thng thng tin qu l c nhng thng tin u vo
khc nhau.
- Nhng thng tin u vo l c nh v t thay i, thng
tin ny mang tnh cht thay i lu di.
- Nhng thng tin mang tnh cht thay i thng xuyn, phi
lun lun cp nht v x l.
- Nhng thng tin c tnh cht thay i tng hp, c tng
hp t cc thng tin ca cp di phi x l nh k theo thi
gian.
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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

+ Thng tin v cc mt hng,

+ Thng tin v gi c.
IV. D liu u ra l cc thng tin x l bao gm cc
thng tin sau:
Bng biu v cc bo co l nhng thng tin u ra quan
trng c tng hp v phc v cho nhu cu qun l, n phn
nh trc tip mc ch ca h thng qun l, cc bng biu
phi m bo chnh xc kp thi.
Bng thng k cc ho n t hng, giao hng,
mua hng v nhn hng.
Bng thng k bo co v cc mt hng xut
khu.
Bng thng k bo co v cc mt hng nhp
khu.
Bng thng k bo co v cc mt hng cn tn
kho.
Thng k cc khon thu chi hng thng.
Bng thng k tn qu ( tnh tn qu cn c
cc s liu thu chi v tn qu u k ca cui thng
hin ti).
Cc thng tin tr li ngi qun l.
Bng tng kt thng k chng trnh hch ton
k ton ca mi k.

Chng II
Cc S Biu Din Chc Nng Ca H thng
I. M hnh phn r chc nng h thng hch ton k
ton.
- S phn cp chc nng cho ta ci nhn tng qut v cc
chc nng ca h thng, n gip xc nh phm vi ca h
thng cn phn tch v tng cng cch tip cn logic ti phn
tch h thng. H thng hch ton k ton trong cng ty bao
gm cc chc nng chnh: qun l sch, qun l c gi, mn
tr sch, tra cu, bo co.

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Thng
K Bo
Co

Thng k n
hng

Bo co cc
mt hng

Tm
Kim

Tm kim
theo n
hng
Bo co thu chi
hng thng

Tm kim
theo thi gian

Tm kim
theo tn hng

Sa

Nhp

Cp
Nhp
D Liu

Xo

Qun
L
H
Thng Hch Ton K Ton

Thot

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

S phn cp chc nng mc nh gm cc chc nng nh trn

th hin mt h thng k ton :
Cp Nhp
D Liu
Cho php nhp vo cc d liu: Ho n,
n hng, cc mt hng xut khu, cc
mt hng nhp khu, cc mt hng tn kho,
gi c ca tng loi mt hng,.
Sa i cc thng tin v hng ho, gi cc
mt hng, n hng,

Xa cc thng tin v hng ho, n hng,

khch hang,.

Tm Kim

Tm kim bng cch nhp vo tn ca mt

mt hng no v h thng s kim tra,
tr v kt qu.
Tm kim bng cch nhp vo thi gian, h
thng s tr ra kt qu l cc ho n, mt
hng, trong thi gian nhp.

Tm kim theo n hng s a ra cc

thng tin v khch hng, hng ho nhp,
xut, thng tin chi tit v cc mt hng,

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Bo Co
Thng K
Bo co thng k v cc khon thu chi hng
thng, cc khon thanh ton ho n,

Bo co thng k cc mt hng nhp v, cc

mt hng xut khu,

Bo co thng k v n hng cho bit chi

tit v khch hng, mt hng xut (nhp),
gi ca mt hng ,
Sau khi cng vic c hon tt, chng trnh s hi lu kt qu,
nu ngi dng ng lu li th h thng s t ng lu li kt qu
v cng vic lm.

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

V. S lung d liu.
S lung d liu mc khung cnh:

Yu thng tin tm kim

Yu cu cp nhp thng
tin

H Thng Qun L Hch

Ton - K Ton Lng
Thc, Thc Phm Ca
Cng Ty

Nhn Vin
Qun L

Tr ra cc thng tin cp nhp

Tr ra cc thng tin tm kim
Kt qu thng k

Gii thch:
+ Nhn vin qun l cp nhp thng tin d liu cn thit v
h thng sau khi x l tr ra kt qu v cc thng tin cp
nhp.
+ Sau khi cp nhp nhn vin c th a ra mt yu cu
tm kim bt k, h thng s tr ra cc thng tin tm kim c.
+ Sau mix k k ton th cc nhn vin phi thng k s
sch, ch cn nhp vo cc yu cu thng k h thng s t ng
tr ra kt qu thng k.

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

S lung d liu mc nh.

12

Yu cu thot

Thot

Hng Ha n Hng Thi Gian

13

Kho hng

Thng K
bo co

Nhn Vin Qun

L

Tm Kim
D Liu

Khch
hng

Khch
hng

Yu cu thng tin v cc
bng d liu

n Hng

Thot khi h thng

Cp Nhp
D Liu

Xut tyhng tin cc mt hng,

khch hng,

Kho
hng

Tr ra kt qu tm thy

D liu cn tm kim

Khch
hng

Yu cu cp nhp, tm
kim,thng k DL

Tr ra KQ cp nhp, tm kim
thng k

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

S lung d liu mc di nh.

a.
Chc nng cp nhp d liu:

Sa D
Liu
Bng d liu
c sa

Nhn Vin Qun L

Xo D
Liu

Khch
hng

Khch
hng

Hng Ha

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Bng d liu xo theo

yu cu

Nhp thng tin cn

xa

Nhp D
Liu

Gi Hng Kho hng

Nhp thng tin d
liu

Kho
hng

Nhp thng tin cn

sa

Bng d liu
nhp

Khch
hng

n Hng

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Mt
Hng(xut/nhp)

n Hng

Xut hng
(the s hng
nhp)

Gi Hng

Khch
Hng

Xut hng
(theo s hng
xut)
Yu cu s lng hng xut
i

Nhn Vin Qun L

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Bng danh sch khch hng v

hang xut

Yu cu s lng hng nhp

v

Chc nng xut d liu

Bng danh sch khch hng v

hang nhp v

b.

Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Chng III
Phn tch cc d liu ca h thng
I.

M hnh thc th lin kt.

Kiu thc th lin kt l ngun thng tin cn thit cho h
thng ,cc kiu thc th c th xut hin cc tc nhn
ngoi, cc lung thng tin ni b hoc cc kho d liu
i vi h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu
lng thc thc phm cn c hai kiu thc th l:
+ Kiu thc th hng ho,
+ Kiu thc th khch hng,
+ Kiu thc th n hng.
H thng thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty qun l rt
nhiu mt hng, khch hng v n hng. Mt khch hng
c th c nhiu n hng v mua nhiu mt hng, nhng
mi n hng th ch ng vi mt khch hng. Mt mt
hng th li c th bn cho nhiu khch hng khc nhau v c
nhiu n hng t mua mt mt hng. Nh vy kiu lin
kt gia khch hng v hng ha l kiu lin kt nhiu
nhiu(n-n), khch hng vi n hng l kiu lin kt mt
nhiu(1-n), n hng vi hng ha l kiu lin kt mt
nhiu(1-n).
Kiu lin kt ny c chuyn thnh kiu lin kt (1-n) nh
mt kiu thc
th trung gian l kiu thc th nhn vin qun l.
Bng m hnh thc th lin kt:
Hng Ha

NV Qun l

n hng

Khch hng

II.

M hnh quan h d liu.

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Chng IV
Thit k tp
I.
1.

2.

Mt s tp c s d liu.
H s khch hng(Khch hng)

Cc mt hng trong cng ty(Hng ha)

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

3.

Cc n hng c t(n hng)

3.

Chi
tit
v

n hng(ng n Hng)

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

II.
1.

Mt s from chnh.
From ng k khch hng:

2.

From nhp hng ho:

3.

From t hng:

4. m

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

4.

From tm kim:

5.

Fro
m
sa
d
liu
:

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Phn tch thit k h thng hch ton k ton ca cng ty xut nhp khu lng thc thc phm

Chng V
Kt Lun
Chng trnh qun l h thng hch ton k ton trn y
c mt s cng on th cng nh t ng ho nh my tnh s
tr ln nhanh v hiu qu hn trc.
Cc cng on cp nhp d liu nh sa, xa, tm kim, a
nn t ng ho, cc thng s thng k c thit k trn my v
in ra giy.
Do c th gim c chi ph thi gian ng thi trnh c
nhng sai xt, lm ln, mang li hiu qu cao.
Em hy vng vi chng trnh ny c th ng gp mt
kin hay, mt tng no cho vic xy dng h thng qun l
h thng hch ton k ton.
Chng trnh qun l h thng hch ton k ton trn ch
mang ngha xy dng mt m hnh h thng qun l theo
phn on ch quan ,vi kinh nghim v ngnh k ton v trnh
chuyn mn cn non yu ca bn thn nn khng th trnh
c sau st mong c s gp chn thnh ca cc thy c v
cc bn.
Chng em xin chn thnh cm n s hng dn tn tnh cc thy
c gio trong khoa Cng ngh thng tin c bit l thy Nguyn
Minh Qu v cc kin ng gp ca bn b chng trnh ny
hon thnh.
Nhm thc hin
Hong Xun Hoi
Chu Thiu Quang

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