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NOTE ON PRONUNCIATION The following note is intended simply to clarify a few main features in the pron unciation of names

in the Elvish languages, and is by no means exhaustive. For full information on the subject se e The Lord of the Rings Appendix E. CONSONANTS C always has the value of k, never of s; thus Celeborn is 'Keleborn' not 'Selebo rn'. In a few cases, as Tulkas, Kementri a k has been used in the spelling in this book. CH always has the value of ch in Scotch loch or German buch, never that of ch in English church. Examples are Carcharoth. Erchamion. DH is always used to represent the sound of a voiced ('soft') th in English, tha t is the th in then, not the th in thin. Examples are Maedhros, Aredhel, Haudh-en-Arwen. G always has the sound of English g in get; thus Region, Eregion are not pronoun ced like English region, and the first syllable of Ginglith is as in English begin not as in gin. Consonants written twice are pronounced long; thus Yavanna has the long n heard in English unnamed, penknife, not the short n in unaimed, penny. VOWELS AI has the sound of English eye; thus the second syllable of Edain is like Engli sh dine, not Dane. AU has the value of English ow in town; thus the first syllable of Aul is like En glish owl, and the first syllable of Sauron is like English sour, not sore. EI as in Teiglin has the sound of English grey. IE should not be pronounced as in English piece, but with both the vowels i and e sounded, and run together; thus Ni-enna, not 'Neena'. UI as in Uinen has the sound of English ruin. AE as in Aegnor, Nirnaeth, and OE as in Noegyth, Loeg, are combinations of the i ndividual vowels, a e, o e, but ae may be pronounced in the same way as ai, and oe as in English toy EA and EO are not run together, but constitute two syllables; these combinations are written ea and eo (or, when they begin names, E and Eo: Erendil, Enw). U in names like Hrin, Trin, Tna should be pronounced oo; thus 'Toorin' not 'Tyoorin '. ER, IR, UR before a consonant (as in Nerdanel, Crdan, Gurthang) or at the end of a word (as in Ainur) should not be pronounced as in English fern, fir, fur, but as in English air, eer, oor. E at the end of words is always pronounced as a distinct vowel, and in this posi tion is written e. It is likewise always pronounced in the middle of words like Celeborn, Menegroth. A circumflex accent in stressed monosyllables in Sindarin denotes the particular ly long vowel heard in such words (thus Hn Hrin); but in Adnaic (Nmenrean) and Khuzdul (Dwarvish) names the circu mflex is simply used to denote long vowels.

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