GEO 1115

INTRODUCTION TO EARTH MATERIALS

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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TODAY 1. course outline 2. lab schedule 3. lab report format 4. intro to Earth materials

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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WHO?

LECTURES

Professor Simone Dumas Marion 220 tel: 613-562-5800 ext. 6230 e-mail: dumas@uottawa.ca Office hours: Fridays 14h30-16h * for any questions related to the lectures

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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WHO? LABORATORIES / FIELD TRIPS

Lab coordinator Claude Farley Marion 117 tel: 613-562-5800 ext. 8139 e-mail: cfarley@uottawa.ca Office hours: Mondays 11h-12h30 Role: field trip/lab leader, answer lab-related questions, coordinate TAs

Teaching assistants (TAs) Two teaching assistants per lab section (5 sections in total) (see course outline for contact info and office hours)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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WHEN AND WHERE?

Course schedule Lectures Tuesdays 10:00-11:30 Room LMX122 Lab / field trips Section A Wednesdays Section B Thursdays Section C Thursdays Section D Fridays Section E Mondays 8:30-11:30 MRN 127 (or bus stop) 8:30-11:30 MRN 127 (or bus stop) 14:30-17:30 MRN 127 (or bus stop) 14:30-17:30 MRN 127 (or bus stop) 14:30-17:30 MRN 127 (or bus stop)

Tutorials Tuesdays from 11:30-13:30 in MRN 127. During these sessions, Lab coordinator and TAs will be present to answer questions regarding lab assignments (lab reports, quizzes)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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WHAT?

Course description Identification, properties and interpretation of Earth materials in field excursions and laboratory exercises. Common rock-forming and metallic minerals; sedimentary rocks and fossils; igneous rocks and textures; metamorphic rocks and fabrics; unconsolidated materials (clay; silt; sand; gravel and soils). Geology of the Ottawa area. Course objectives The student will be able to understand and apply some fundamental geological field techniques. In addition, the student will understand the origin and be able to recognize important geological materials and processes.

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Calendar and topics

Calendar (see course outline) Some of the topics covered: Earths structure Plate tectonics Rock cycle Rock deformation Geologic time Earths history Geological history of the Ottawa-Gatineau area Glaciers and glaciations Minerals Igneous, Sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks Geological maps

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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HOW?

Course evaluation Lab reports and quizzes Lab exam Final exam Late labs

50% 15% 35%* -20%/day**

* Students must score 50% or higher on the final exam to pass this course. ** All lab reports must be handed in to the TAs at the beginning of the lab session on the assigned due date (see syllabus).

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Cheating policy Zero tolerance. If you are caught cheating or copying you will automatically receive a zero with no chance of a make up lab or exam. You can work in teams of two or three but you must hand in separate and non-identical lab reports. Review the rules on proper referencing.

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Laboratory manual (required) Sold by the Departments receptionist, in MRN 121. Cash only. Cost: 12$. Recommended Pocket handlense, magnification of 10X. Handlense can be purchased from the University of Ottawa Science Store (basement of DIorio) for ~ 7-10$. (A list of other suggested textbooks is provided in the syllabus)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Lab vs Lab

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Field trips (The first 6 lab sessions are field trips in the Ottawa area) When? - Refer to the schedule of your lab section (at the beginning of this handout). Be on time or you will miss the bus. Where? - The bus will be parked in front of Lamoureux Hall (at the corner of Marie-Curie and Jean-Jacques Lussier) Weather? - The field trips will not be cancelled or postponed because of bad weather come prepared! What to bring? - Lab manual, notebook, writing supplies, ruler, handlense, proper clothing and footwear raincoat, boots, etc. (Note: field equipment such as compasses will be supplied by the university)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Virtual Campus (the central nervous system of this course!) ** All material related to this course will be posted on Virtual Campus (accessible via the University of Ottawa web site; you will need a username and password which you can obtain by phoning 613-562-5800 ext. 6555). If you are having problems with the access to this course's site through Virtual Campus, please phone 613-562-5800 ext. 6555, or send an electronic request using the support form available at: https://maestro.uottawa.ca/ indexEN.asp. It is essential for your success to keep current with the content of the courses web page. From this page you will have access to all the course notes, and last minute changes in notes or handouts. Finally, all marks will be posted on Virtual Campus.

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Expectations Since this course is a very hands on and practical course, there is a great emphasis on field trips; lab exercises and lab exam are worth 65% of your mark. Your level of involvement during these practical sessions will more than likely be related to your level of success in the course. Come prepared, take the time to submit high quality lab reports, and ASK QUESTIONS!!!

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Tool on-line

Bilingual glossary of geology www.terre.uottawa.ca/geodictio/

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Tool section of lab manual

LAB REPORT GUIDELINES (included in your Lab Manual)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Guidelines for your lab reports (very important!) p. 17-20 of Lab manual Your lab reports must include the following elements: 1. Title page (name, student #, course code, date, title of the lab) 2. Brief description of the site and outcrop (location, size and orientation of outcrop, etc) 3. Objective(s) of the lab exercise 4. GEOLOGICAL MAPS AND SECTIONS: title, appropriate scale bars (horizontal and/or vertical), North arrow, legend (lithology symbols, structural symbols, ) 5. The answers to the questions in the lab handout 6. References (if appropriate)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Guidelines for your lab reports (very important!) IN YOUR WRITTEN ANSWERS: it is important to first outline your observations and then use these observations to support your interpretations (e.g.: the presence of suspended feeders trace fossils indicate that the sand was deposited in a high energy environment, likely in a shallow marine depositional setting.) *** Neatness and clarity will be rewarded; they demonstrate effort

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Examples of other tools included in the lab handout

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Practical accessories Hard cover field note book

Hand lense
http://www.geo-tools.com

Good footwear

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts

1. What is geology ? from the Greek geo Earth logos study study of the Earth

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Geology is a broad discipline with many sub-disciplines: Geochronology: time and Earth history Planetary geology: geology of planets Paleontology: study of fossils and life on Earth Economic geology : mineral and petroleum resources Oceanography: oceans Structural geology: rock deformation Geochemistry: gologie of chemical changes Geophysics: structure of the Earth Etc

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Construction materials (stone, bricks, steel, ciment, glass, )

Marion Hall (Earth Sciences Dept.) Parliament Buildings

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials Lecture 1

Basic concepts Petroleum industry (gas, plastics, rubber, cosmetics)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Mining industry (gold, silver, iron, copper, aluminum, zinc, lead, )

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Natural disasters

Tsunamis

Volcanic eruptions

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Geology in the news Floods in Australia, January 2011 A few numbers

343mm of rain in 24 hrs (some areas) monsoon rains linked to La Nia 1 million km2 affected (larger than B.C.) 200 000 people affected; 22 towns 10 billion$; Australia s most costly natural disaster 45% increase in global grain price (damaged Australian wheat crop)

Brisbane, QNLD

Coraki, NSW
GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials Lecture 1

Geology in the news March 11th 2011, Magnitude 8.9 Earthquake in Japan 20% of the worlds major Earthquakes are felt in Japan

Tectonics junction of 4 plates

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials Lecture 1

Geology in the news Japan Earthquake generated devastating tsunami

4th largest Earthquake recorded > 250 aftershocks > 18 000 fatalities > 500 000 people evacuated/displaced 3 nuclear reactor damaged 50 countries sending aid
(*numbers as of March 14th, 2011) GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials Lecture 1

Basic concepts Our planet, the Earth, is a complex body composed of dynamic inter-related systems: Water (hydrosphere) Thin gas envelope (atmosphere) Life (biosphere) Earth materials (core, mantle, crust) Energy source: External source: solar energy Internal source: heat from radioactive decay

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Earth systems

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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What are these Earth materials that are part of the Earth system? Minerals Rocks Sediments Soils

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Mineral: inorganic crystallin solid, natural (~30 are common in the Earths crust) garnet apatite

quartz

sulfur

Rock: mineral aggregate E.g. granite = quartz + feldspar + biotite + amphibole

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Three types of rocks: Igneous: formed by the crystalllization of magma (molten rock). These rocks can be either intrusive or extrusive. Sedimentary: Consolidation of rock fragment (sediments) - clastic Precipitation of minerals from solution chemical/biochemical Metamorphic: alteration of rocks (either igneous, sedimentary, or metamorphic), at depth, by intense heat and/or high pressure.

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Igneous rock: Granite (intrusive) Basalt (extrusive)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Sedimentary rock:

Fossiliferous limestone

Sandstone (lithified sand)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Basic concepts Metamorphic rocks: Gneiss (foliated) Marble (non-foliated)

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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Lab session (sept. 12th-17th) Walk on campus (~ 1h), meet in Marion 127 (Lab report due at the beginning of next lab you have one week!) Next class: Origin and structure of the Earth Plate tectonics Geologic time Relative dating

GEO1115 Introduction to Earth materials

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