Coupled Inductor and Voltage-Doubler Circuit for High Step-Up DC-DC Converter

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INTRODUCTION A DC-DC converter converts directly from dc to dc and is simply known as a DC converter. A dc converter can be considered as dc equivalent to an ac transformer with a continuously variable turns ratio. Like a transformer, it can be used to step down or step up a dc voltage source. Dc converters are widely used for traction motorcontrol in electric automobiles, trolley cars, marine hoists and mine haulers. They provide smooth acceleration control,high efficiency and fast dynamic response. Dc converters can be used in regenerative braking of dc motors to return energy back into the supply and this feature results in energy savings for transportation systems with frequent stops. Dc converters are used in dc voltage regulators; and also used in conjunction with an inductor to generate a dc current source, especially for the current source inverter. A boost converter is generally used and it has several advantages such as simple structure, continuous input current, and clamped switch voltage stress to the output voltage. However, it is very difficult to satisfy both high voltage conversion ratio and high efficiency at once. This is primarily due to the parasitic resistances, which cause serious degradation in the step-up ratio and efficiency as the operating duty increases. \During this time interval, S1 is still turned off and S2 is still turned on. The current-flow path is shown in Fig. (d). The DC source, Lm, and Lk1 are series connected to transfer their energies to Lk2, C1, and the load. Thus, iLm and iLk1 are decreased and iLk2 is increased. Meanwhile, the energy stored in Lk1 is recycled to C1 and the load. The energy stored in C2 is still discharged to the load. APPLICATIONS The dcdc converter with high step-up voltage gain is widely used for many applications, such as fuel-cell energy- conversion systems, solar-cell energy-conversion systems, and high-intensitydischarge lamp ballasts for automobile headlamps.In the recent years, more and more industrial applications have required DC-DC converters able to provide a large conversion ratio with a good efficiency and less electromagnetic interference noise. Just a few examples show the need of a step-up or step-down of the input voltage of at least ten times: the 48V nominal telecom DC bus has to be boosted at the intermediate 380V DC bus needed for the supply system of the servers for data processing when the telecom industry is used to provide computer services .The 12V of a cars battery voltage has to be boosted up to 100Vduring the steady-state operation and even up to 400V at the start-up of the high-intensity discharge (HID) lamp ballasts used in the automotive headlamp . ADVANTAGES

1) The leakage-inductor energy of the coupled inductor can be recycled. 2) The voltage stresses on the switches are half the level of the output voltage. Thus, the switches with low voltage rating and low ON-state resistance RDS (ON) can be selected. 3) The voltage gain achieved by the proposed converter is double that of the conventional high step-up converter. Under the same voltage gain and duty ratio, the turns ratio of the coupled inductor for the proposed converter can be designed to be less than the conventional high step-up converter.
CONCLUSION The novel high boost converter using the coupled inductor and voltage doubler was presented and the operation and features have been described. Experimental results were discussed with a 200W prototype using voltage doublers. The proposed method eliminates the problems of

Also, the proposed circuit has the following various advantages compared to the conventional booster converters: low voltage stress, higher boost rate, higher efficiency, and several modified circuits for other applications. Therefore, the proposed converter can be applied to various high boost applications, such as a battery back-up system, fuel cells, military applications, etc.
extreme duty ratio or complexity of circuits in the conventional topology.

In this study, a high step-up converter with a coupledinductor is investigated. In the proposed strategy, a coupled inductor with a lower-voltage-rated switch is used for raising the voltage gain (whether the switch is turned on or turned off). Moreover, a passive regenerative snubber is utilized for absorbing the energy of stray inductance so that the switch duty cycle can be operated under a wide range, and the related voltage gain is higher than other coupled-inductor-based converters. In addition, all devices in this scheme also have voltageclamped properties and their voltage stresses are relatively smaller than the output voltage. Thus, it can select low-voltage lowconduction-loss devices, and there are no reverse-recovery currents within the diodes in this circuit. Furthermore, the closed-loop control methodology is utilized in the proposed scheme to overcome the voltage drift problem of the power source under the load variations. As a result, the proposed converter topology can promote the voltage gain of

a conventional boost converter with a single inductor, and deal with the problem of the leakage inductor and demagnetization of transformer for a coupled-inductor-based converter. Some experimental results via examples of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) power source and a traditional battery are given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed power conversion strategy.