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TS o Van Dung

CHNG 6: IEU KHIEN HE THONG AN TOAN

6.1. PHAN LOAI VA CAU TRUC C BAN
He thong tui kh (SRS)
Nhiem vu cua tui kh

6.1.1.

6.1.1.1.

Cac tui kh c thiet ke e bao ve lai xe va hanh khach ngoi pha trc c tot hn ngoai bien phap bao ve chnh bang day an toan. Trong trng hp va ap manh t pha trc tui kh lam viec cung vi ai an toan e tranh hay lam giam s chan thng bang cach phong len, nam lam giam nguy c au hay mat cua lai xe hay hanh khach pha trc ap thang vao vanh tay lai hay bang taplo.

Hnh 6.1: Cong dung cua day an toan va tui kh khi xay ra tai nan 6.1.1.2. Phan loai tui kh

Cac tui kh c phan loai da tren kieu he thong kch no bo thoi kh, so lng tui kh va so lng cam bien tui kh. a. He thong kch no bo thoi kh: - Loai ien t (loai E) - Loai c kh hoan toan (loai M) So lng tui kh: - Mot tui kh: cho lai xe (loai E hay M) - Hai tui kh: cho lai xe va hanh khach trc (ch loai E)

b.

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c.

So lng cam bien tui kh: (ch loai E) - Mot cam bien: Cam bien tui kh. - Ba cam bien: Cam bien tui kh trung tam va hai cam bien trc. 6.1.1.3. Cau truc c ban - Cam bien tui kh trung tam. - Bo thoi kh. - Tui kh.

Hnh 6.2: S o he thong tui kh loai M

Bo thoi kh Cam bien tui kh trung tam
Ngoi no

Nguon
Cam bien tui kh trung tam va ECU Cam bien d phong Chot tao kh Bo thoi kh Cam bien tui kh trc
Ngoi no

Tui kh (cho lai xe)

Chot tao kh

Tui kh (cho hanh khach)

Hnh 6.3: S o he thong tui kh loai E

6.1.2.

He thong ieu khien day an toan

ai an toan la bien phap chnh e bao ve hanh khach. Viec eo ai an toan tranh cho hanh khach khoi vang ra khoi xe khi co tai nan, ong thi giam phat sinh va ap th cap trong cabin.

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a.

Phan loai: ieu khien day an toan loai ien (loai E) ket hp vi he thong tui kh SRS va kch hoat bang bo cam bien tui kh trung tam. ieu khien day an toan loai c kh (loai M) co cam bien rieng. Cau truc c ban: C cau cang ai khan cap C cau cuon C cau khoa ELG Mac du c cau ieu khien day an toan thay oi tuy theo nha san xuat, cau truc c ban cua chung giong nhau oi vi ca loai M va loai E, ch khac nhau cach kch no chat tao kh. Loai M c lap mot cam bien cang ai khan cap, no kch no tao kh da tren lc giam toc va mot thiet b an toan e khoa cam bien.

b.

C cau quan day ai

C cau khoa ELG

Thiet b an toan (ch loai M) C cau cang ai khan cap Pha trc Ben phai Cam bien bo cang ai (ch loai M) Bo tao ngoi no

Hnh 6.4: Ket cau he thong ieu khien ai an toan

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6.2.

S O, CAU TAO VA HOAT ONG CAC PHAN T VA HE THONG

S o, cau tao va hoat ong cac phan t va he thong tui kh loai E
S o bo tr va chc nang cac bo phan cua tui kh loai E

6.2.1.

6.2.1.1. a. S o

Hnh 6.5: S o bo tr cac chi tiet Ghi chu: : Ch oi vi xe co tui kh cho hanh khach trc. : Ch mot so xe co. : Neu xe co lap bo cang ai khan cap loai E, bo cam bien tui kh gia kch hoat tui kh cung vi bo cang ai khan cap. Chc nang cac bo phan Bo thoi kh: Tao ra kh Nit trong khoanh khac va thoi phong tui. Tui: Phong len ngay lap tc bi kh t bo thoi kh va sau khi a phong len, kh c thoat ra t cac lo ben di tui. Hap thu va ap trc tiep vao lai xe va hanh khach trc.
-

1 2 3

b.

Bo cam bien tui kh trc2: Cam nhan mc o giam toc cua xe. Bo cam bien tui kh trung tam3: Quyet nh xem co can cho no tui kh hay khong tuy theo lc giam toc do va cham t pha trc. Khi

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chuyen sang che o chan oan, no co tac dung chan oan xem co h hong trong he thong hay khong. en bao: Bat sang e cho lai xe trang thai khong bnh thng trong he thong. Cap xoan: Truyen dong kch no cua bo cam bien tui kh trung tam en bo thoi kh. 6.2.1.2. Cau tao va hoat ong cua cac chi tiet

a.

Bo thoi kh va tui

Cau tao:
Cho lai xe: (Trong mat vanh tay lai) Bo thoi kh va tui c at trong vanh tay lai va khong the thao ri. Bo thoi kh cha ngoi no, chat chay moi, chat tao kh, va thoi cang tui kh khi xe b am manh t pha trc. Tui kh c lam bang ny long co phu mot lp chat deo tren be mat ben trong. Tui kh co hai lo thoat kh ben di e nhanh chong xa kh Nit sau khi tui kh a b no.

a.Cho lai xe

b.Cho hanh khach trc

Hnh 6.6: Cau tao bo phan thoi kh

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Cho hanh khach trc: (Trong bang taplo pha hanh khach) Bo thoi kh bao gom mot ngoi no, chat chay moi va chat tao kh. Cac chi tiet nay c boc kn hoan toan trong hop kim loai. Tui kh c lam t vai ny long ben va se c thoi phong len bang kh nit do bo thoi kh sinh ra. Bo thoi kh va tui kh c gan ben trong vo va ca tui kh, roi at vao trong bang taplo pha hanh khach. The tch cua tui kh pha hanh khach ln gap oi so vi tui kh cho lai xe.

Hoat ong: Hoat ong cua bo thoi kh va tui kh cho lai xe va hanh khach pha trc la giong nhau. Khi cac cam bien tui kh bat do lc giam toc tao ra khi xe b am manh t pha trc, dong ien chay en ngoi no va nong len. Ket qua la nhiet nay lam bat chay chat chay (cha trong ngoi no) va lam la lan truyen ngay lap tc en chat moi va chat tao kh. Chat tao kh tao ra mot lng ln kh nit, kh nay i qua mang loc, c lam mat va sau o i vao tui. Tui phong len ngay lap tc bi kh. No xe rach mat vanh tay lai hay ca tui kh va phong len trong khoang hanh khach. Tui kh xep nhanh xuong sau khi no do kh thoat qua cac lo kh xa kh. No lam giam lc va ap vao tui kh cung nh bao am tam nhn rong.

Hnh 6.7: S o hoat ong cua bo phan thoi kh

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b.

Bo cam bien tui kh trung tam Bo cam bien tui kh trung tam c lap tren san xe. No bao gom cam bien tui kh trung tam, cam bien d phong mach chan oan No nhan cac tn hieu t cac cam bien tui kh, anh gia xem co can kch hoat tui kh hay khong va chan oan h hong trong he thong Cam bien c goi la cam bien tui kh trung tam khi trong xe co lap cam bien tui kh trc va c goi la Cam bien tui kh khi khong co cam bien tui kh trc.
Bo cam bien tui kh trung tam
Cong tac may Mach nguon d phong Cam bien d phong Cap xoan Ngoi no

en bao SRS Giac kiem tra

Mach bo nh RAM EEPROM

Mach chan oan Ngoi no *1 Mach dan ong va ieu khien kch no Cam bien tui kh trung tam Ngoi no

TDC L

Cam bien tui kh gia

Cac cam bien tui kh trc

*1 *2 *3 *4
-

: Cho tui kh hanh khach trc : Cho cam bien tui kh trung tam loai c kh : Cho bo cang ai khan cap loai ien t : Cho mot so kieu xe

Hnh 6.8: S o mach ien cua cam bien tui kh trung tam Cam bien d phong, ngoi no va cam bien tui kh trung tam c mac noi tiep . Cam bien tui kh trc va cam bien tui kh trung tam c mac song song. (Ch mot so xe co) Cac ngoi no c mac song song.

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Cam bien tui kh trung tam: Co hai loai cam bien tui kh trung tam: loai ban dan dung thc thang va loai c kh. Loai ban dan: Trong loai ban dan, cam bien nay phat hien mc o giam toc. Mot mach ieu khien kch no va dan ong anh gia xem co can kch hoat tui kh hay khong va kch hoat tui kh da tren tn hieu cua cam bien tui kh trung tam.
Lc giam toc Pha trc Vat nang

Thc thang

Mach tch hp

Hnh 6.9: Cam bien tui kh trung tam loai ban dan Cam bien loai ban dan bao gom mot thc thang va mot mach tch hp. Cam bien nay o va chuyen oi lc giam toc thanh tn hieu ien. ien ap tn hieu phat ra thay oi tuyen tnh theo mc o giam toc. Tn hieu nay sau o c gi en mach ieu khien kch no va c dung e anh gia xem co can kch hoat tui kh hay khong. Loai c kh: oi vi loai c kh, cam bien nay kch hoat tui kh bang cach phat hien mc o giam toc. Cac tiep iem cua cam bien tiep xuc va kch hoat tui kh khi cam bien chu mot lc giam toc ln hn mc xac nh do b am t pha trc. Cam bien d phong: Co mot so loai cam bien d phong, nh loai c kh co cac tiep iem ong bang vat nang, loai cong tac thuy ngan loai cam bien nay c che tao sao cho tui kh khong b kch hoat nham khi khong can thiet. Cam bien nay b kch hoat bi lc giam toc nho hn mot chut so vi lc kch hoat tui kh.

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Hnh 6.10: Cau tao cua cam bien d phong Mach dan ong va ieu khien kch no: (Cho cam bien tui kh trung tam loai ban dan). Mach dan ong va ieu khien kch no tnh toan tn hieu t cam bien tui kh trung tam. Neu gia tr tnh toan c ln hn mot gia tr nhat nh, no kch hoat ngoi no va lam no tui kh. Nguon d phong: Nguon d phong bao gom mot tu ien d phong va mot bo chuyen oi DC DC. Trong trng hp he thong nguon b hong do tai nan, tu d phong se phong ien va cap nguon cho he thong. Bo chuyen oi DC DC la mot bo truyen tang cng dong khi ien ap ac qui thap hn mc nhat nh. Mach chan oan: Mach nay lien tuc chan oan he thong e tm ra h hong. Khi phat hien thay h hong, no bat sang en bao tui kh e bao cho lai xe. Mach nh: Khi mach chan oan phat hien thay co h hong, no anh ma va lu vao mach nh nay. Sau o co the oc c cac ma nay e xac nh v tr cua h hong nham khac phuc s co nhanh hn. Tuy theo kieu xe, mach nh nay hoat la loai b xoa khi mat nguon ien hoac la loai van lu lai c tham ch khi ngat nguon ien.

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c.

Cam bien tui kh trc: (Ch mot so kieu xe) Cam bien tui kh trc c lap ben trong cua hai sn trc (tuy theo loai xe). Bo cam bien nay la loai c kh. Khi cam bien phat hien lc giam toc vt qua gii han nhat nh cho xe b am t pha trc, cac tiep iem trong cam bien cham vao nhau, gi mot tn hieu en bo cam bien tui kh trung tam. Cam bien nay khong the thao ri ra. He thong tui kh SRS khong co cam bien tui kh trc c s dung pho bien trong cac kieu xe hien nay.

Chu y: Cam bien tui kh trc khong the dung lai c khi tui kh a b no. o la bi v co mot dong ien ln chay qua tiep iem khi tui kh no, lam an mon be mat tiep xuc cua tiep iem, ket qua la co the tao ra ien tr rat ln. Cau tao: Bo cam bien bao gom vo, roto lech tam, khoi lng lech tam, tiep iem co nh va tiep iem quay. Mot ien tr c lap ben ngoai cua bo cam bien. No c dung e chan oan h mach hay ngan mach trong mach cam bien tui kh trc.

Hnh 6.11: Cau tao cua cam bien tui kh trc Hoat ong: Thong thng, ro to lech tam trang thai nh hnh ve di ( trang thai bnh thng) do lc cua lo xo la. Do vay tiep iem co nh va tiep iem quay khong tiep xuc nhau. Khi co tai nan, va neu mc o giam toc tac dung len khoi lng lech tam vt qua mot gia tr xac nh, khoi lng lech tam,

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ro to lech tam va tiep iem quay se quay sang ben trai, tao nen trang thai nh trong hnh di (trang thai kch hoat). No lam cho tiep iem quay tiep xuc vi tiep iem co nh va cam bien tui kh c bat.

Hnh 6.12: S o hoat ong cua cam bien tui kh trc d. Cap xoan Cap xoan c dung e noi ien t pha than xe (co nh) en vanh tay lai (chuyen ong quay). Cap xoan c cau tao t oto, vo, cap, cam huy Vo c lap trong cum cong tac tong. Roto quay cung vi vanh tay lai. Cap co chieu dai 4,8 m va c at ben trong vo sao cho no b chung. Mot au cua cap c gan vao vo, con au kia gan vao roto. Khi vanh tay lai quay sang phai hay trai, no co the quay c ch bang o chung cua cap (2 va vong).
Bo cong tac

Phan quay

Truc lai Cap chnh Cam huy Giac noi en ngoi no Vo

Hnh 6.13: Cau tao cap xoan

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e.

Cac giac noi: Tat ca cac giac noi cua he thong tui kh SCRS c lam mau vang e phan biet vi cac giac noi khac. Cac giac co chc nang ac biet va c thiet ke ac biet dung cho tui khi v tr nh di ay nham am bao o tin cay cao. Cac giac noi c ma vang co o ben cao.
2

5 6 7

Hnh 6.14:V tr cac giac noi

Ten C cau khoa cc kep C cau chong kch hoat tui kh C cau kiem tra noi ien Ccau khoa giac noi kep Giac Giac Giac Giac

Ap dung , , , , , , , , , , , , , , Ch mot so kieu xe

C cau khoa cc kep: Moi giac noi la mot ket cau hai manh bao gom vo va mieng cach. Thiet ke nay am bao ham chac cc bang hai thiet b khoa (vong kep va mui kep) de ngan khong cho cac cc tuot ra.

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Hnh 6.15: C cau khoa cc kep C cau chong kch hoat tui kh: Moi giac noi c la mot lo xo noi tat. Khi thao giac ra, la lo xo noi tat t ongnoi cac cc cua ngoi no e tao thanh mach kn.
Giac a noi Giac thao ra

Lo xo noi tat Vo

Lo xo tiep xuc vi cc c

Vo
Giac a noi Giac thao ra Lo xo ngan mach noi

Cac cc

Ngoi no Lo xo giac noi

Ngoi no Mach ong

Hnh 6.16: C cau chong kch hoat tui kh

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C cau kiem tra s noi ien: C cau nay c thiet ke e kiem tra xem cac giac noi a noi chat cha. C cau kiem tra s noi ien c thiet ke sao cho chan phat hien s noi ien noi vi cc chan oan khi khoa vo giac v tr khoa. C cau nay c dung cho giac noi cam bien tui kh trc va bo cam bien tui kh trung tam.

Chan phat hien noi

Cc chan oan Noi na chng Cc chan oan Noi hoan toan

Chan phat hien noi

Chan phat hien noi tiep xuc vi cc

Hnh 6.17: C cau kiem tra s noi ien C cau khoa giac noi kep: Vi c cau nay, cac giac c khoa bang hai thiet b khoa e tang o tin cay cua giac noi. Neu khoa chnh khong khoa het, phan gan se cham vao nhau khong cho khoa phu.

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Khoa phu

Gan

Khoa chnh Khoa chnh cha khoa han (khong cho khoa phu khoa)

Khoa Khoa chnh khoa han ( cho phep khoa phu khoa)

Khoa Ca hai khoa han

Hnh 6.18: C cau khoa giac kep f. Chc nang t chan oan Mach chan oan thng xuyen kiem tra h hong cua he thong tui kh hai trang thai sau:
Khoa ien bat en ACC hay ON 1 Kiem tra s bo (trong 6 giay) 2 Kiem tra thng xuyen

Kiem tra s bo: Khi khoa ien c bat en v tr ACC hay ON t v tr LOCK, mach chan oan bat en bao tui kh trong khoang 6 giay e tien hanh kiem tra s bo. Neu phat hien thay h hong khi kiem tra s bo, en bao tui kh khong tat i ma van sang tham ch khi 6 giay a troi qua. Kiem tra thng xuyen: Neu khong phat hien thay h hong khi kiem tra s bo, en bao tui kh se tat sau khoang 6 giay e cho phep ngoi no san sang kch no. Mach chan oan bat au che o kiem tra thng xuyen e kiem tra cac chi tiet, he thong cap nguon va day ien xem co h hong, h hay ngat mach khong. Neu phat hien thay co h hong, en bao tui kh bat sang e bao cho lai xe.

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Kiem tra ma chan oan: Co the oc c ma chan oan nh sau: So cua ma c bao bang cach nhay en bao. - Xoay khoa ien en v tr ACC hay ON - Noi cc Tc va E1 cua TDCL (DLC2) hay giac kiem tra (DLC1)
Tc E1 E1

Tc

Hnh 6.19: Cau tao giac kiem tra en bao se bat au nhay e bao ma
a. Ma bnh thng
0.25 giay 0.25 giay
OFF ON

b. Ma chan oan (v du: Ma 11 va 31) 0,5 giay 2,5 giay

1,5 giay

0,5 giay

Bao lai

Xoa ma chan oan:

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Sau khi h hong a c sa cha, en bao se khong tat i khi khoa ien v tr ACC hay ON tr khi ma lu lai c xoa i. Quy trnh xoa ma lu lai thay oi tuy theo loai mach nh. oi vi mach nh loai RAM (bo nh truy cap ngau nhien) thong thng noi dung bo nh b xoa khi ngat nguon ien. oi vi mach nh EEPROM (hay c goi la RAM khong b xoa) loai nay co the ghi xoa c. Noi dung bo nh khong b xoa tham ch khi ngat nguon ien. RAM thng xuyen khong co nguon d phong. Ma ghi lai b xoa bang cach bat khoa ien en v tr LOCK. Loai nay ch c s dung rong rai trong cam bien tui kh loai mi nhat. EEPROM. Ma ghi lai khong b xoa tham ch khi cap Accu b thao ra. Co the xoa ma bang cach nhap cac tn hieu at biet vao bo cam bien tui kh trung tam. RAM thng co nguon d phong va EEPROM. Khi ma chan oan c lu trong RAM thng, chung co the b xoa khi thao cap khoi Accu. Tuy nhien luc nay ma 41 c ghi vao trong EEPROM. Ket qua la khi khoa ien bat en v tr ACC hay ON en bao van sang. 6.2.1.3. Hoat ong cua he thong tui kh

Khi co va ap manh t pha trc, he thong tui kh phat hien s giam toc va kch no bo thoi tui kh. Sau o phan ng hoa hoc trong bo thoi kh ngay lap tc ien ay tui bang kh nit khong oc e giam nhe chuyen ong ve pha trc cua hanh khach . ieu nay giup bao ve au va mat khong b ap vao vanh tay lai hay bang taplo. Khi tui kh xep xuong, no tiep tuc hap thu nang lng. Toan bo qua trnh cang phong, bao ve, xep xuong dien ra trong vong mot giay.

Hnh 6.20: Qua trnh hoat ong cua tui kh

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Khi nao tui kh se no va khong no

-

Tui kh se no:

Tui kh c thiet ke e kch hoat trong trng hp co va cham manh t pha trc xay ra trong vung gach cheo gia cac mui ten nh hnh ve. Tui kh se phat no neu mc o nghiem trong cua va ap ln hn mot mc nh trc, tng ng vi mot cu am thang vao mot vat can co nh khong dch chuyen hay bien dang toc o 20-30km/h. Neu mc o nghiem trong cha en mc o nay, tui kh co the khong no.

Hnh 6.21: Mo ta vung va cham tui kh se no Tuy nhien, toc o gii han nay se cao hn nhieu neu xe am vao mot vat co the chuyen ong hay bien dang di tac dung cua va ap nh xe ang o hay cot bien bao, hay khi no b am chom len hay chui au vao mot vat khac nh san xe tai. Co the vi mot mc o nghiem trong cua tai nan gan bang vi mc o phat hien cua cam bien tui kh ch lam cho mot trong hai tui kh cua xe phat no.
-

Tui kh se khong no:

Tui kh c thiet ke se khong no neu xe b am t pha sau, hay be sn, khi no b lat, am t pha trc vi toc o thap.

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am t pha sau vi toc o thap

Lat xe

am t pha trc vi toc o thap

Hnh 6.22: Mo ta vung va cham tui kh se khong no

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6.2.2.

Tui kh loai SRS ieu khien bang c kh (M)

S o bo tr cac chi tiet va chc nang:

6.2.2.1.

Hnh 6.23: S o bo tr cac chi tiet

Bo phan Cam bien tui kh Bo thoi kh Tui

Chc nang Phat hien mc o giam toc khi b am t pha trc Ngay lap tc tao ra kh nit e bm cang tui kh Cang phong ngay lap tc bang kh nit t bo thoi kh va khi tui kh cang phongkh that ra khoi lo pha sau tui, do do giam lc va ap cho lai xe.

6.2.2.2. a.

Cau tao va hoat ong

Cam bien tui kh Cau tao: Cam bien c at ben trong bo thoi kh bao gom mot vat nang(vien bi) e phat hien lc giam toc, mot kim hoa e kch ngoi no Mac du ket cau thay oi tuy theo kieu xe nhng toan bo cum cam bien c bao kn an toan.

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Ngoai ra, mot thiet b an toan cung c lap at e ngan khong cho he thong tui kh kch no khi thao mat vanh tay lai.

Hnh 6.24: Cau tao cam bien tui kh loai M Hoat ong: Kim hoa c cai vao truc kim hoa hay vat nang qua a cam, do o ngan khong cho kim hoa phong ra. Khi lc giam toc do xe b am t pha trc ln hn mot gia tr xac nh, chuyen ong cua vat nang thang lc lo xo chot ty hay lo xo xoan. Ket qua la kim hoa c nha ra khoi truc kim hoa hay a cam. Kim hoa sau o phong ra bang lc lo xo kim hoa hay lo xo xoan e kch no ngoi no.

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Truc kim hoa Kim hoa

Lo xo kim hoa Lo xo chot ty Giam toc

Ngoi no

Khoi lng

Lo xo xoan Ngoi no

Vau cam Giam toc

Kim hoa

Hnh 6.25: S o hoat ong cua cam bien tui kh loai M b. Thiet b an toan Mac du cau tao thay oi tuy theo kieu xe, can khoa ben trong kieu xe lam ngng chuyen ong cua vat nang khi bulong nha khoa cam bien c ni long hay can nha khoa cam bien b keo ra. Do o, vat nang khong the di chuyen tham ch khi co lc giam toc manh tac dung len, v vay khong cho kch hoat tui kh. Sau khi lap mat vanh tay lai , can khoa ben trong cam bien tui kh c tra ve v tr ban au cua no bang cach van chat bulong nha khoa cam bien hay ay can vao v tr ban au cua no. Do o, vat nang c t do chuyen ong khi can thiet.

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Hnh 6.26:Cau tao cua thiet b an toan c. Bo phan thoi kh: Cau tao: Bo phan thoi kh bao gom ngoi no, chat nay moi, chat tao kh Chat tao kh tao ra kh nit e thoi tui kh khi xe b am manh t pha trc. Phan ben trong cua bo thoi kh c bao kn hoan toan va kn kh. Tui kh c lam bang nylong co phu cao su ben trong. No co hai lo pha sau e xa kh nit vao kh quyen sau khi cang phong len.

Cam bien tui kh

Tui kh

Bo thoi kh

Hnh 6.27: Cau tao bo phan thoi kh

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Hoat ong: Cam bien tui kh b kch hoat bi s giam toc do xe b am t pha trc, va kch no ngoi no trong bo thoi kh. Ngon la lan truyen ngay tc khac en chat chay moi va chat tao kh, chat tao kh sinh ra mot lng ln kh nit. Tui kh se pha v phan mong cua vanh tay lai khi no phong len trc mat ngi lai xe e lam giam nguy c au va mat cua ngi lai xe ap thang vao vanh tay lai.

Mang

Ngoi no Chat chay moi

Chat tao kh

Hnh 6.28:Mo ta hoat ong cua bo thoi kh va tui kh

6.2.3.
a.

Cau tao va hoat ong cua cac phan t he thong ieu khien day an toan

C cau ieu khien cang ai khan cap Mac du c cau cang ai khan cap khac nhau tuy theo nha san xuat, pittong hay roto ieu hoat ong bang mot lng ln lng kh tao ra bi bo tao kh, no lam cho day ai b cuon vao mot lng nhat nh. Bo cang ai khan cap ch hoat ong mot lan. Trong trng hp loai 1, do truc b khoa bi trong va cap sau khi bo cang ai khan cap hoat ong, day ai khong the keo ra hay cuon vao c.

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Loai 1 Truc

ai an toan

ai an toan

Truc ai an toan Cap Trong cuon

Cap Piston Xy lanh Piston Kh

Bnh thng

Kch hoat

Hnh 6.29: Cau tao c cau ieu khien cang ai khan cap loai 1 Trong trng hp loai 2, khp khoa co the tach ra khoi banh rang sau khi bo cang ai khan cap hoat ong. Neu chung tach nhau ra khoi day ai co the cuon vao hay thao ra.
Loai 2 Khp banh rang

Ro to Khoa Chat tao kh Kh Ca thoat Kch hoat

Bnh thng

Hnh 6.30: Cau tao c cau ieu khien cang ai khan cap loai 2.
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b.

Bo tao kh loai E Bo tao kh bao gom mot ngoi no (day toc va chat chay moi) va chat tao kh at trong vo bang kim loai. khi cam bien tui kh bat, dong ien c cap ien ti s day toc trong ngoi no, kch no chat chay moi. Ngay lap tc sau o, la c truyen en chat tao kh trong thi gian cc ngan tao ra ap suat cao.
Chat ta o kh Ngoi no Chat chay hoi

Vo

Hnh 6.31: Cau tao bo tao kh loai E Chu y: Ngoi no b kch no tham ch khi co dong yeu. Do o rat nguy hiem, khong bao gi o ien tr ngoi no bang von/om ke ... c. Bo tao kh co cam bien loai M Mac du ket cau bo cua cam bien cang ai thay oi tuy theo kieu xe, cau tao giong giong nh cam bien tui kh loai M. No bao gom mot vat nang e phat hien lc giam toc va mot kim hoa e kch no ngoi no... ieu kien e kch hoat bo cang ai khan cap cung giong nh he thong tui kh. Kim hoa thng xuyen an khp vi truc kim hoa hay can khoa, do o no ngan khong cho kim hoa phong ra. Khi lc giam toc sinh ra do xe b am t pha trc vt qua mc qui nh, chuyen ong cua vat nang thang lc lo xo chot ty. Ket qua la, chot kim hoa nhay ra khoi truc kim hoa hay can khoa, sau o no c phong ra t lc cua lo xo kim hoa e kch no ngoi no.

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PGS.TS o Van Dung Lo xo chot ty Chat tao kh Khoi quan tnh Truc quan tnh

Ngoi no

Kim hoa
Kim hoa

Lo xo kim hoa

Lo xo kim hoa

Chat tao kh Ngoi no Lo xo chot ty Can chot cai Khoi quan tnh

d.

Thiet b an toan e ngan chan bo cang ai phat no bat ng khi thao ai an toan hay khi van chuyen bo cang ai khan cap, no c trang b mot thiet b an toan e ngng hoat ong cua cam bien.

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