If you want to

study
in the

united States
Cun 3: Du hc ngn hn, chng trnh hc ting Anh, hc t xa v kim nh

li nh xut bn

Li Nh xut bn
Hoa K l nc c nn gio dc tin tin trn th gii, nn gio dc c sc ht mnh m khng ch hc sinh, sinh vin, nghin cu sinh Vit Nam m vi nhiu quc gia khc. Trong xu th ton cu ha, hp tc quc t m rng trn nhiu lnh vc ngoi giao, kinh t, gio dc... nhiu bn tr Vit Nam mun tm hiu v nn gio dc Hoa K, nm bt cc thng tin v c hi hc tp nh du hc ngn hn, chng trnh hc ting, hc i hc, cao hc v nghin cu chuyn ngnh, hc ngh v k thut...
Vic km theo trang Web hay n phm trong quyn sch ny ch nhm mc ch cung cp thm thng tin, ch khng ng ngha vi vic B Ngoi giao Hoa K khuyn ngh hay thng qua. y ch l danh sch cc trang Web v cc n phm c chn ra, do khng nn xem y l mt danh sch y . The translation and publication of this book in the Vietnamese language were made possible through the financial support of the Public Affairs Section, Embassy of the United States of America in Hanoi. Sch c dch v xut bn bng ting Vit vi s ng v h tr v ti chnh ca Phng Thng tin - Vn ha i s qun Hoa K ti Vit Nam.

c s hp tc tch cc ca Phng Thng tin - Vn ha, i s

qun Hoa K, Nh xut bn Thanh Nin xut bn tip 3 tp trong b

sch hu ch thit thc: Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K, vi nhng thng tin chnh xc v tin cy: Tp 1. Hc i hc Tp 3. Du hc ngn hn, chng trnh hc ting Anh, hc t xa v kim nh Tp 4. Sn sng ln ng: Thng tin cn thit khi sng v hc tp Hoa K. Xin trn trng gii thiu cng bn c!
Nh xut bn Thanh Nin

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

Li ni u

3. Du hc ngn hn, chng trnh hc ting Anh, hc t xa v kim nh: Thng tin v cc c hi hc M trong vng mt nm v khi qut v vic hc ly bng cp hay chng ch t bn ngoi nc M thng qua cc chng trnh gio dc t xa. Cun sch ny cn c cc thng tin chi tit v kim nh cht lng ca cc c s gio dc sau i hc Hoa K. 4. Sn sng ln ng: Thng tin cn thit khi sng v hc tp Hoa K Gip bn ln k hoch tng bc n M sau khi bn c nhn vo hc mt trng i hc hay cao ng. Cun sch ny cung cp cho bn nhng li khuyn qu gi t vic np n xin visa, chuyn h s sang M cho n nhng iu g ang ch bn trng hc.

Li ni u
Du hc ngn hn, chng trnh hc ting Anh, hc t xa v kim nh l mt trong s bn cun sch do B Ngoi giao Hoa K pht hnh nhm cung cp nhng li khuyn khch quan v thc t v vic hc M cho cc hc gi v nhng sinh vin quc t c trin vng. Cc bn c th download c bn cun sch ny t trang web: http://educationusa.state.gov v ly cc bn copy ti cc trung tm t vn v thng tin gio dc Hoa K trn ton th gii (xem trang 15 tm c trung tm gn ni bn ).
B sch bn quyn ny bao gm:

1. Hc i hc:
Cch thc chn la v np n vo cc chng trnh ly bng c nhn v bng b tr, cc thng tin v cc c hi gio dc dy ngh v k thut M.

2. Hc cao hc v nghin cu chuyn ngnh:

Cch thc nghin cu v np n vo cc chng trnh thc s, tin s v sau tin s Hoa K, cc thng tin v quy trnh cp chng ch v bng cp cho nhng ngi chuyn nghip mun hc tip M.

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

Bn nc M

Bn

nc M

10

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

Mc lc

11
49 51 52 52 53 53 54 59 60 60 62 64 11 87 70 73 74 79

V sao li chn hc t xa? Chn mt chng trnh hc t xa C nhng loi chng trnh no? Nhng loi trng no thc hin chng trnh hc t xa? Chi ph cho hc t xa l bao nhiu? So snh hc t xa vi hc qua th Li nh xut bn Li ni u Gii thiu V sao nn hc Hoa K Cc trung tm t vn v thng tin gio dc Hoa K Cc trang Web hu ch 5 6 12 13 14 15 16 16 20 22 24 25 35 37 38 43 46 48 48 Ph lc Ti liu tham kho Gii thch thut ng Yu cu nhp hc Nhng vn khc bn cn xem xt Cc trang Web hu ch

Mc lc

Chng 4: Kim nh
Duy tr tiu chun gio dc Hoa K Kim nh c ngha g? Kim nh trng i hc Cc trng khng c c s quan tm c bit, c s kim nh c tha nhn Kim nh chng trnh Trng v cc chng trnh ca Hoa K bn ngoi Hoa K Cc trang Web hu ch

Chng 1: Cc kha hc ngn hn ti Hoa K

Cc yu t cn xem xt Cc chng trnh trao i hc sinh trung hc Cc chng trnh trao i ngh nghip v chuyn mn Cc chng trnh dy ngh v o to k thut Hc i hc ngn hn Cc trang Web hu ch

Chng 2: Cc chng trnh hc ting Anh

La chn mt chng trnh hc ting Anh Nhp hc cc chng trnh chnh thc Cc trang Web hu ch

Chng 3: Hc t xa
Hc t xa l g?

12

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

Gii thiu

13

Cc chng trnh hc ting Anh: Bn c mun nng cao trnh ting Anh khng? Chng hai s ch dn cho bn cch tm v la chn mt kha hc ting Anh ph hp nht Hoa K.

Gii thiu
Quyn sch ny cung cp thng tin v nhng li khuyn v bn lnh vc c th: Du hc ngn hn Hoa K: Bn c... Mun tham gia mt chng trnh trao i sinh vin vi Hoa K khng? Mun c o to thc t v mt lnh vc c th no khng? Mun c cp chng ch v hc vn hay chuyn mn pht trin ngh nghip khng? T m mun bit vic theo hc mt chng trnh hc ngh Hoa K nh th no? Mun tm cch nng cao trnh chuyn mn khng? ang cn nhc v vic theo hc ti mt trng i hc ca Hoa K, nhng khng phi vi mc ch ly bng. Tt c nhng mc ch trn u c th c thc hin thng qua cc chng trnh o to ngn hn ti Hoa K ko di ti a l 12 thng. Chng mt ca cun sch ny gii thiu tng qut v cc loi chng trnh, bao gm trao i hc sinh trung hc, trao i nhn vin, cc chng trnh dy ngh hay o to cng nhn k thut, cc chng trnh cp chng ch v chng trnh chuyn mn, v hc i hc ngn hn. Chng ny cng nu ln nhng vn phi cn nhc khi bn mun du hc ngn hn Hoa K, chng hn nh chi ph v cc yu cu v th thc nhp cnh.

Hc t xa: Nu bn ngh n vic tn dng phng php hc tp mi v ang tr nn ph bin ny hon thnh mt kha hc ly bng cao hc, ly chng ch hay ly bng c nhn. Chng ba s gip bn quyt nh xem hc t xa c hp vi bn hay khng. Chng ny cng gii thch nhng vn cn xem xt khi bn la chn gia nhiu chng trnh hc khc nhau. Kim nh cht lng: Chng bn dnh cho bt k ai cn bn khon v h thng kim nh v m bo cht lng ca nhng t chc v chng trnh gio dc Hoa K, gi chung l h thng kim nh. Chng cui ca cun sch ny s gii thch cho cc bn h thng ny hot ng nh th no v ti sao n li quan trng i vi bn. Chng ny cp n ngha ca vic kim nh khi bn mun chng trnh m mnh va hon thnh c tha nhn, v a ra nhng cu hi m bn cn t ra lin quan n vn kim nh khi bn np n xin theo hc Hoa K. V sao nn hc Hoa K? Di y ch l mt vi trong s rt nhiu l do khin khong 550.000(1) sinh vin quc t t khp ni trn th gii quyt nh theo hc ti Hoa K: Cht lng: Cc t chc gio dc Hoa K ni ting trn ton th gii v cht lng ca cc chng trnh hc, i ng gio vin, c s vt cht v ngun t liu. S a dng: H thng gio dc Hoa K em li cho bn nhng s la chn a dng khng ni no snh c v trng hc, mi trng x hi v hc tp, yu cu nhp hc, chng trnh hc, v rt nhiu mn hc m bn c th i su nghin cu. Gi tr: Nu coi hc tp l mt s u t cho tng lai, th hc

14

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

Gii thiu

15

Hoa K l mt s u t hiu qu. Mc hc ph v sinh hot ph a dng, cng vi s h tr ti chnh t cc trng i hc v cc t chc gio dc khin cho vic hc tp Hoa K khng qu tn km i vi hng ngn sinh vin n Hoa K trc bn. Cc trung tm t vn v thng tin gio dc Hoa K Cc chuyn gia t vn gio dc ti trung tm gip ti lm sng t nhiu vn lin quan n vic hc tp ti Hoa K, v h lun sn sng gip . Ti cng tm c rt nhiu thng tin v cc trng cao ng v i hc hp vi ti thng qua cc ngun ti liu rt c gi tr m trung tm cung cp. Sinh vin tm l t Malaysia Kh c th din t ht c s gip v h tr m ti nhn c t trung tm t vn. y l ngun thng tin u tin v quan trng nht v h thng gio dc Hoa K. Cc sch v, tp ch v mng Internet trung tm t ra rt hu ch, v nhn vin trung tm gip rt nhiu ti t c mc ch ca mnh.

v xin hc cc trng trung hc, cao ng v i hc Hoa K. Mt s trung tm cn t chc nhng bui hi ch gio dc hay hi tho du hc. Cc thng tin gii thiu di hnh thc phim hay thuyt trnh theo nhm, truy cp trang Web, v cc th vin cung cp thng tin c lp cng c cc trung tm thng tin v t vn cung cp min ph, nhng mt s trung tm s yu cu bn tr ph nu bn s dng thm nhng dch v theo yu cu. Tt c cc trung tm thng tin v t vn gio dc u c B Ngoi giao Hoa K h tr nhm mc ch cung cp thng tin khch quan v nhng c hi hc tp khc nhau Hoa K. Tuy nhin, tn ca cc trung tm v t chc ny mi nc c th khc nhau. bit c trung tm gn nht, bn hy lin h vi i s qun hay Lnh s qun Hoa K gn nht, hoc tham kho danh sch cc trung tm c nu trn trang Web ca B Ngoi giao Hoa K ti a ch: http://educationusa.state.gov. Chc cc bn may mn khi xin hc Hoa K! Cc trang Web hu ch: Tp sch nhan Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K trn mng trc tuyn http://educationusa.state.gov Danh b cc trung tm thng tin v t vn gio dc Hoa K trn th gii http://educationusa.state.gov

Sinh vin kinh doanh t Nga

Vic la chn trng v chng trnh hc tt nht cho mnh, cng nh vic chun b tt nhng th tc xin hc, i hi bn phi dnh nhiu cng sc v lp k hoch cn thn, nhng hu ht cc nc, u c nhng nhn vin t vn, nhng ngi hiu v nhu cu ca bn, v c th gip c bn. Bn s c cung cp thng tin v t vn v vic hc tp ti Hoa K thng qua mt mng li gm hn 450 trung tm thng tin v t vn gio dc Hoa K trn ton th gii. Tt c cc trung tm u cung cp cc cun danh b, hng dn, gii thiu ca cc trng i hc, thng tin v cc kha hc ngn hn Hoa K, v cc nhn vin t vn gio dc c o to cn thn s gip bn v gia nh bn trong qu trnh la chn

Ch thch:
(1)

Cnh ca m rng 2001, http://www.opendoors web.org/. Vin Gio dc

Quc t, New York, N.Y.

16

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

chng

1: Cc kha hc ngn hn ti Hoa K

17

Chng 1

cc mc ch ca mnh v bt u tm hiu v nhng kha hc s gip bn t c mc ch mt cch tt nht. La chn kha hc Hy bt u tm kim bng cch n Trung tm Thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K gn nht. bn s tip cn c vi rt nhiu ti liu tham kho v cc chng trnh v cc t chc gio dc Hoa K. Bn cng c th tm thng tin qua cc trang Web c lit k cui chng ny cng nh qua nhng quyn sch c lit k trong phn ti liu tham kho cui quyn sch ny. Hy c gng xc nh mt vi chng trnh p ng c nhng yu cu c nhn v chuyn mn ca bn. Sau bn c th lin h vi c s thc hin cc chng trnh ny v yu cu h cung cp cho bn nhng thng tin chi tit. Bn cn phi cho h bit trng hp c th ca bn v nhng yu cu c bit ca bn. Bn hy so snh nhng chng trnh mnh quan tm bng cch cn nhc xem: Thi hn np h s xin hc nh th no? Bn c p ng nhng iu kin nhp hc v t cch nhp hc hay khng? Kim nh cht lng chng trnh hay t chc nh th no? (xem phn di y v chng 4 ca cun sch ny) Chi ph cho kha hc l bao nhiu (xem phn di) Kha hc c bao gm chi ph v ch hay chi ph sp xp ch cho bn khng, c h tr sinh vin trong vic tm ch khng? Cc dch v khc nh cc hot ng x hi do trng hay c s gio dc t chc Chng trnh ny c thc hin bao lu, nhng hc vin tham gia chng trnh l ai, v nu bit c, nhng ngi ny lm nhng ngh g sau khi hon thnh kha hc ny? Nu y khng phi l mt chng trnh trao i quc t, th nhng ngi qun l chng trnh c kinh nghim lm vic vi hc vin nc ngoi hay khng?

Cc kha hc ngn hn ti Hoa K

Hoa K c rt nhiu chng trnh hc ngn hn ko di 12 thng hoc t hn, trong c cc chng trnh trao i hc sinh trung hc, chng trnh trao i chuyn mn v nghip v, cc chng trnh o to cng nhn k thut v dy ngh, hc i hc ngn hn, v cc kha hc chuyn ngnh. Chng ny s gii thiu tng qut v nhng yu t bn cn cn nhc khi xin theo hc bt c chng trnh ngn hn no Hoa K. Chng ny cng gii thiu nhng chng trnh hc ch yu hin c ti Hoa K. Cc yu t cn xem xt Lp k hoch trc Chun b k lng l cch tt nht thnh cng trong bt k chng trnh hc tp no. Thi gian tng i ngn ngi khi bn hc Hoa K s tr nn c ch hn nu bn chun b v lp k hoch trc mt cch cn thn. T 12 n 18 thng trc ngy bn nh bt u tham gia mt kho hc, bn phi xc nh

18

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

chng

1: Cc kha hc ngn hn ti Hoa K

19

V tr v mi trng ni bn hc, k c thi tit v h thng giao thng cng cng nh th no? Nhng "vn t nh": liu bn c phi t cc trc hay khng, cc quy nh v vic tr li tin, hy kha hc, hay bt c mt ngha v no m bn v c s o to phi cam kt. Nu bn c nh hc mt trng cao ng hay i hc, bn cng c th tham kho tp 1 v 2 ca tp sch ny. Hai cun cung cp thng tin v nhng yu t bn cn tnh n khi la chn mt trng i hc Hoa K. Kim nh Hoa K, khng c mt c quan chnh ph lin bang no ng ra chu trch nhim theo di v gim st cc tiu chun v gio dc. Thay vo , Hoa K da trn mt h thng kim nh m bo cht lng ca cc chng trnh v c s o to. Mt iu rt quan trng l bn phi m bo rng bt k kha hc hay chng trnh o to ngn hn no m bn tham gia cng u phi c kim nh mt cch ph hp. Bn cng nn kim tra trc vi trng trung hc, i hc, B Gio dc, B Lao ng, ngi s dng lao ng hay cc t chc chuyn mn c lin quan trong nc xem liu chng trnh bn s hc c c cng nhn trong nc ca bn hay khng. c thm thng tin chi tit v phn la chn chng trnh hc ngn hn ph hp, hy c chng 4 ca cun sch ny, v Kim nh cht lng. Chi ph Chi ph cho vic hc tp ngn hn ti Hoa K c nhiu mc rt khc nhau. Chi ph ty thuc vo mc hc ph v cc loi l ph khc ca c s o to, cng nh loi chng trnh, thi gian chng trnh, v cc loi ti liu m bn cn mua hon thnh chng trnh. Thng tin v chi ph cho tng chng trnh s c cung cp trong ti liu gii thiu v chng trnh, trong cc cun

sch gii thiu v trng v h s xin hc, i khi thng tin v chng trnh c trn trang Web. Bn cng cn phi dnh ring mt khon ngn sch cho vic i n Hoa K v t Hoa K tr v, cng nh nhng ph tn sinh hot nh phng v tin n. Bn cnh , bn cng cn phi mua bo him y t trong thi gian sng ti Hoa K. Ngoi ra nc bn, bn c th s phi chi mt khon tin xin cp th thc sinh vin. Ti tr Vic xin ti tr ca cc trng i hc, cc t chc cp hc bng v cc t chc ti tr khc cho vic hc tp ngn hn ti Hoa K l rt kh. Hu ht cc h tr ti chnh u c dnh cho cc sinh vin v nghin cu sinh theo hc nhng kha c cp bng. Nhng trng hp c ti tr s c nu r trong phn sau. Th thc Cn lu rng hu ht cc loi hnh hc tp ngn hn ti Hoa K u yu cu bn phi xin i s qun hay Lnh s qun Hoa K ti nc bn cp th thc sinh vin, d bn hc di ngy hay ngn ngy, v d theo hc chng trnh loi no. Th thc ph thng nht cho cc sinh vin quc t l th thc F-1. Cc sinh vin hc ngh s c cp th thc M-1. Cn nu bn tham gia mt chng trnh trao i ni ting th bn s c cp th thc trao i J-1. Nhn vin ph trch th thc s qun s hng dn bn cn th thc loi no. Trc khi xin cp th thc F-1, J-1 hay M-1, bn cn phi c mt t khai ca Chnh ph Hoa K gi l Chng nhn t cch xin cp th thc. Nu bn xin cp th thc F-1 hay M-1, chng nhn ny s c cp bi c s o to s nhn bn vo hc Hoa K. Nu bn xin cp th thc J-1, chng nhn ny s do c s o to Hoa K hoc chng trnh ti tr cho bn cp. Chng nhn ny cho thy bn c chp nhn vo hc, v chng minh rng bn c nng lc ti chnh trang tri tt c cc khon chi ph trong chng trnh hc tp, hoc l bng tin ca bn, hoc t cc ngun ti tr ca c nhn

20

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

chng

1: Cc kha hc ngn hn ti Hoa K

21

hay t chc no . i vi h s xin cp th thc loi F-1, chng nhn ny c gi l Mu I-20A-B; i vi th thc loi M-1, chng nhn ny gi l Mu I-20M-N; i vi th thc loi J-1, gi l Mu DS-2019. c thm thng tin v th tc xin cp th thc, hy c Tp 4 ca b sch ny nhan Sn sng ln ng: Thng tin cn thit khi vic sng v hc tp Hoa K. Ngoi ra, bn cng nn lin h vi trung tm thng tin v t vn gio dc Hoa K gn nht v i s qun hay Lnh s qun gn nht tm hiu v cc th tc cp th thc v ph xin th thc nc bn. Cc chng trnh trao i hc sinh trung hc Hoa K, trng trung hc l mt thut ng dng ch 3-4 nm hc trc khi bc vo cao ng hay i hc. Ch high school c dng tng ng vi ch secondary school cc nc khc. Cc chng trnh trao i hc sinh trung hc c th ko di vi tun cho n mt hc k hay c mt nm hc. Nhiu chng trnh cn bao gm c ch homestay, c ngha l hc sinh s n sng vi mt gia nh ngi bn x trong sut qu trnh hc. Cc sinh vin tham gia vo nhng chng trnh trao i ny thng l t b tin, rt t trng hp xin c hc bng. Tuy nhin, vn c mt s t chc quc t c tn tui nh Rotary International, American Field Service v Lions Club cung cp cc chng trnh trao i vi hc bng mt phn hoc ton phn. Nu cc t chc ny c c s nc bn, hy lin h trc tip vi h tm hiu xem h c nhng chng trnh no. Mt cch khc l t sp xp c hc ti mt trng trung hc Hoa K. Nu bn mun theo cch ny th cch khi u tt nht l lin h vi phng gio dc ca bang m bn mun n hc v yu cu h cung cp cho bn nhng thng tin v cc trng cp bang hay mt khu vc no ca bang. Cc Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K cng c th c nhng thng tin v a ch lin lc ca cc phng gio dc bang. Thng tin v cc trng

t thc Hoa K cng c th tm thy cc trung tm thng tin v t vn gio dc hay qua vic truy cp thng tin trn mng. Hy lu rng tr phi bn c nh sng vi h hng hay bn l thnh vin ca chng trnh trao i sinh vin, cn khng bn s phi t thu xp ch khi hc ti Hoa K. Ngoi ra, mc d cc trng trung hc cng lp l min ph i vi cng dn Hoa K, nhng bn l ngi ngoi quc nn vn s phi tr hc ph. Theo cc qui nh th thc hin hnh, nu bn t thu xp xin hc mt trng trung hc Hoa K, bn s vo Hoa K vi th thc F-1 ch khng phi th thc du lch. Nu bn n d hc mt trng trung hc cng lp Hoa K, bn s phi a ra bng chng v vic bn tr cc chi ph gio dc khng c tr cp th ngi ta mi cp th thc F-1 cho bn. Thi gian di nht bn c th hc ti mt trng trung hc cng lp Hoa K l mt nm. Tuy nhin, nu bn theo hc ti mt trng t thc th bn c th bao lu ty thch v cng khng cn phi ng trc tin hc. Trnh ting Anh thng l mt yu cu nu bn mun tham gia vo mt chng trnh trao i hc sinh trung hc Hoa K. Bn s phi xut trnh mt bc th gii thiu hay nh gi kh nng ting Anh ca bn do mt gio vin hoc mt ngi c trnh tng t vit, hoc bn s phi d mt cuc phng vn bng ting Anh vi mt i din ca chng trnh trao i ti nc bn. Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc gn ni bn s c mt danh sch hay th mc nhng chng trnh trao i hc sinh trung hc gia nc bn vi Hoa K. Ngoi ra, bn cng c th lin h vi nhng t chc Hoa K sau y: Vin Nghin cu Nc ngoi ca Hoa K American Institute for Foreign Study Foundation (AIFS) River Plaza 9 West Broad Street Stamford, CT 06902-3788, USA Telephone: 203-399-5000 or 800-727-2437; Fax: 203-399-5588 Web site: http://www.aifs.com

22

Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K

chng

1: Cc kha hc ngn hn ti Hoa K

23

AYUSA International 455 Market Street, 17th floor Stamford, CT 06902-3788 USA Telephone: 888-552-9872; Fax: 415-986-4620 Web site: http://www.ayusa.org Qu Gio dc ting Anh cho vic Nghin cu nc ngoi EF Foundation for Foreign Study EF Center Boston One Education Street Cambridge, MA 02141, USA Telephone: 617-619-1000; Fax: 617-619-1001 Web site: http://www.effoundation.org Trung tmTrao i Vn ha The Center for Cultural Interchange (CCI) 17 North Second Avenue St. Charles, IL 60174, USA Telephone: 630-377-2272; Fax: 630-377-2307 Web site: http://www.cci-exchange.com Mt gi cho bn l c th tm hiu qua mng World Wide Web, s dng nhng cng c tm tin khc nhau c c thng tin mi nht v nhng chng trnh ny v nhng chng trnh trao i hc sinh trung hc khc na. Cc chng trnh trao i ngh nghip v chuyn mn Cc chng trnh trao i ngh nghip gip tng cng s hiu bit quc t thng qua kinh nghim lm vic ngn hn ti Hoa K. Nhng chng trnh ny rt a dng, v d nh mt s chng trnh cho php bn nhn bt k cng vic g m bn xin c, cn mt s

chng trnh khc li i hi bn ch c lm cng vic c lin quan n ngh nghip ca bn, hoc thm ch yu cu bn lm mt cng vic c th nh lm cng c nui cm. Mi chng trnh c nhng yu cu v iu kin tham d khc nhau, v bn nn kim tra xem chng trnh no ph hp nht vi hon cnh v yu cu ca bn. Khng phi nc no cng c cc chng trnh trao i ngh nghip vi Hoa K. Bn hy lin h vi Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K tm hiu xem nc bn c nhng chng trnh hay khng. Ngoi ra, bn cng nn tm kim thng tin trn Internet v nhng chng trnh ny. Ch c nhng t chc do B Ngoi giao Hoa K cho php v cp chng nhn t cch (Mu DS-2019) mi c th qun l nhng chng trnh ny. Chng nhn ny cho php nhng ngi tham gia chng trnh xin cp th thc trao i J-1 ti i s qun hay Lnh s qun ca Hoa K. Th thc J-1 cho php ngi tham gia chng trnh c lm vic hp php ti Hoa K trong mt khong thi gian nht nh. Khng nn nhm ln loi th thc J-1 ny vi mt loi th thc J-1 khc cp cho sinh vin theo hc cc chng trnh c cp bng hay cc chng trnh trao i sinh vin vi trng i hc Hoa K (xem Tp 1 v 2 trong b sch ny c thm thng tin v vic hc ly bng Hoa K). Bn s khng th hc nhng chng trnh hc chnh qui khi bn ang tham gia chng trnh trao i ngh nghip. Cc thng tin chi tit hn v chng trnh th thc J-1 cho cc chng trnh trao i khch v trng tr c trn trang Web http://exchanges.state.gov. Bn nn lp k hoch tham gia vo chng trnh trao i ngh nghip cng sm cng tt. Mt s chng trnh yu cu bn phi c mt c s Hoa K chp nhn vo lm vic trc khi bn np n xin tham gia chng trnh. Cc chng trnh ny c th c thi hn nhn h s, hoc yu cu bn phi xin tham gia trc ngy d nh sang Hoa K mt s tun hay s thng nht nh. Bn hy hi t chc ph trch chng trnh ny xem ton b quy trnh xin tham gia s mt bao nhiu thi gian. Bn cng nn dnh thi gian xin cp v ch c cp th thc, v nu c th, bn khng nn mua v my bay trc khi c thng bo l c ng cp th thc.

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Nu bn mun tm hiu thm v ngnh ngh chuyn mn ca bn ti Hoa K, bn c th xem xt kh nng tham gia cc chng trnh trao i chuyn mn. Hoa K c mt s chng trnh nh vy vi cc nc khc, v nhng chng trnh ny cho php mt s ngi lm vic trong mt s lnh vc nht nh tham gia, phn ln l gio vin, sng v lm vic chuyn mn mt nc khc. Mt v d v nhng chng trnh nh vy l chng trnh trao i gio vin v cc nh qun l gio dc c tn l Chng trnh Fulbright gia Hoa K v hn 30 nc trn th gii. Nhng thng tin chi tit hn v chng trnh ny c th xem trn trang Web http://exchanges.state.gov/education/fulbright. Bn hy lin h vi Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K v chng trnh ny v cc chng trnh trao i chuyn mn khc gia nc bn v Hoa K. Cc chng trnh dy ngh v o to k thut Nu bn mun hc mt k nng mi hay mun nng cao mt k nng c sn, hy cn nhc vic tham gia vo mt chng trnh ngn hn ca mt trng cao ng cng ng hay vin dy ngh 2 nm, hay mt trung tm o to t nhn. Vi thi gian t vi thng cho n hn mt nm, cc chng trnh ny c thit k p ng nhng yu cu o to c th v thit thc, v nhm mc ch chun b cho hc vin ra trng l lm c vic ngay. Cc hot ng hc tp trn thc a l ni dung ch o ca o to ngh. Cc lnh vc ngnh ngh ph bin l x l d liu, lp trnh my tnh, xy dng, c kh t, son tho vn bn, v nghip v th k. o to k thut v dy ngh i hi hc vin phi hc cc khi nim, l thuyt v thit k, cng vi cc k nng thc hnh. Cc chng trnh ny c ti cc trng cao ng cng ng v trng dy ngh hai nm v cng c th c ti mt s cc trng cao ng v i hc. Xin c Tp 1 ca b sch ny nhan Hc i hc c thm thng tin v cc trng trung cp, cao ng v i hc.

Kt thc cc chng trnh o to k thut v dy ngh, bn s nhn c mt chng ch hon thnh kha hc hoc mt vn bng ch khng c nhn bng c nhn. Trc khi bn xin hc cc chng trnh ny, hy kim tra bo m rng cc chng trnh bn hc v nhng chng ch bn nhn c sau kha hc s c cng nhn khi bn v nc. Quan trng nht l bn phi kim tra xem trng m bn hc c c kim nh ph hp hay khng. Kim nh l mt h thng tha nhn v bo m cht lng ca cc chng trnh v trng hc Hoa K. Vic kim nh trng o to k thut v dy ngh c tin hnh bi cc c quan quc gia nh Hip hi cc trng cao ng k thut v dy ngh hoc bi cc b phn thch hp ca cc c quan c thm quyn. Cng c cc t chc kim nh chuyn bit dnh cho cc lnh vc dy ngh nht nh nh y t. Xem thm chng 4 ca quyn sch ny c thm thng tin v tm quan trng ca vic kim nh v gii thiu v cc t chc thm nh v thm nh chuyn ngnh. Trc khi bn xin tham gia vo mt chng trnh o to k thut v dy ngh, hy tm hiu k cng v chng trnh. Hy xem phn Cc yu t cn xem xt u chng ny c thm hng dn v vic la chn chng trnh. Cng rt tt nu bit chc rng nc bn, bn c nhng c hi xin c vic lm trong lnh vc m bn nh hc. Nhiu Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K cung cp thng tin v cc chng trnh dy ngh v k thut. Ngoi ra, c cc ngun thng tin khc cui chng ny trong mc Cc trang Web hu ch v trong phn ti liu tham kho cui cun sch. Hc i hc ngn hn Bn mun hc ti mt trng i hc Hoa K, nhng khng th hc trn vn c kha ly bng? Nu vy th s c cc chng trnh trao i gia cc trng i hc, cc chng trnh hc khng cp bng hay chng trnh sinh vin c bit, hay cc chng trnh hc h, cc chng trnh ny s cho bn c hi hc tp trong thi gian h, hay trong mt hc k, hay c mt nm hc ti mt

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trng i hc Hoa K m khng phi ghi tn theo hc mt chng trnh ly bng no. Kiu hc tp ny c th l mt phn trong chng trnh hc ly bng nc bn, hay bn c th ch hc mt vi kha ti mt trng i hc Hoa K - cp i hc hay cao hc bn m mang hn v kin thc chuyn mn cng nh hiu bit ca bn thn. Cc chng trnh trao i gia cc trng i hc Nhiu trng i hc Hoa K c quan h chnh thc vi cc trng i hc cc nc khc. H thit lp cc chng trnh trao i sinh vin vi cc trng nhng nc ny. Theo cc chng trnh , sinh vin Hoa K v sinh vin nc ngoi s trao i ch hc tp v kinh nghim sng, hc tp trng ca cc nc . Thng thng th cc kha hc s c coi l mt phn trong chng trnh hc ly bng trong nc. Hu ht cc chng trnh ny c th ko di mt hc k hoc c nm hc. u im ca hnh thc ny l sinh vin n t mt nc khc ch phi tr mc hc ph bng vi mc trong nc ch khng phi tr mc ca cc trng i hc Hoa K, thng cao hn rt nhiu. Bn hy lin h vi c quan hu quan v cc chng trnh quc t v qua nhng mi lin h ca trng mnh hi xem liu trng mnh c nhng tha thun trao i sinh vin vi cc trng i hc Hoa K hay khng. Nu c th bn hy tm hiu xem chng trnh hot ng nh th no v bn c t cch tham gia hay khng. Hoc nu bn ang xin theo hc ti mt trng cao ng hay i hc nc s ti v c nguyn vng hc trong mt khong thi gian no ti Hoa K, bn hy tm hiu xem trng m bn ang nh vo hc c nhng chng trnh trao i vi Hoa K hay khng. Ngoi ra, nhiu trng i hc Hoa K cng lit k cc chng trnh trao i ca mnh trn trang Web ca h. Bn c th xin ti tr tham gia mt chng trnh trao i sinh vin i hc t trng hay t chc ca bn trong nc, ngay c khi vic hc ti nc ngoi khng phi l mt yu cu bt buc cho chng trnh ca bn. Ti tr t cc trng i hc Hoa K cho cc

kha ngn hn kiu ny l rt t. Nu bn khng t cch nhn ti tr t trng bn trong nc hay t trng ca Hoa K, bn c th th xin ti tr t cc t chc x hi, phc li hay cng ng nh t chc Rotary International, t cc cng ty a quc gia, hay t cc cng ty trong nc. Hc khng ly bng hay chng trnh sinh vin c bit Nu bn tt nghip trung hc hay i hc, hoc bn ang theo hc i hc hoc cao hc, nhiu trng i hc Hoa K s cho php bn theo hc cc kha hc trnh cp bng m khng cn phi theo hc c kha cp bng. Theo dng ny, bn c th d cc lp ca mt khoa no hay ca nhiu khoa khc nhau ca trng, hoc cng c th ti mt s trng khc nhau trong khu vc bn sng. Cc sinh vin hc khng ly bng nhng li d hc cc lp trnh ly bng c th c gi l sinh vin c bit. Nhiu trng i hc qui nh c th v thi gian ti a i vi s hc k m bn c th ng k l sinh vin hc khng ly bng hay cn gi l sinh vin c bit. c thm thng tin chi tit v vic la chn v xin hc cc trng i hc Hoa K, hy xem Tp 1 v 2 ca b sch ny vi nhan Hc i hc v Hc cao hc v nghin cu chuyn ngnh. Cc thng tin ni chung v cc c hi v yu cu i vi vic hc theo kiu sinh vin c bit thng c trn ti liu gii thiu ca hu ht cc trng i hc. c thng tin v cc th tc xin hc c th vo cc trng hay chng trnh m bn quan tm, hy lin h trc tip vi cc vn phng tip nhn sinh vin ca trng i hc cng nh vi cc khoa ca trng m bn nh xin hc v gii thch rng bn mun hc ngn hn theo trnh ly bng vi t cch l mt sinh vin c bit. Cc sinh vin c bit thng l khng t cch nhn ti tr ca trng di dng hc bng hay h tr hc ph. Bn c th xin ti tr t cc t chc c lp nh Chng trnh Fulbright chuyn ti tr cho cc sinh vin cao hc. Cc thng tin thm c th

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tm thy ti cc Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K, ti phng ph trch sinh vin du hc hay trung tm thc tp ngh nghip ca trng i hc nc bn, hay cc th vin cng cng c cc th mc v vic ti tr cho du hc nh danh b Ti tr cho hc tp ti Hoa K hay danh b ng k xin ti tr. Hy xem phn ti liu tham kho cui cun sch ny, lit k cc n phm ny v nhiu n phm c ch khc. Hc h Mt s trng i hc ca Hoa K t chc cc kha hc trong ma h gia thng 5 v thng 8. Trng c th t chc mt hay hai kha hc h, mi kha thng ko di su n mi tun. Nhiu trng i hc cng m cc lp hc h cho tt c mi ngi, v i khi cn cung cp c ch cho hc vin trong k tc x ca trng. Bn c th thy rng sinh vin theo hc cc chng trnh ly bng ca trng cng theo hc cc lp hc h hon thnh chng trnh nhanh hn bnh thng hoc ui kp cc mn hc m h b l hay nhng mn m h mun c im cao hn. y l mt cch rt tt bn tm hiu cuc sng v vic hc tp ti mt trng i hc Hoa K, ng thi nng cao hiu bit v k nng trong mt lnh vc no . Cc trng i hc v cao ng cng c th cho bn mt la chn l hc cc lp cho hc phn hoc c th hc d thnh m khng cn ly hc phn. Nu bn theo hc cc lp ly hc phn, mi mn bn hc s c gi tr bng mt s n v hay hc phn nht nh. Bn c th la chn nhn mt bng im chnh thc vo cui kha hc, trong nu r tn kha hc bn tham d, s hc phn ca kha hc, v im ca mnh. Mt s sinh vin quc t tham gia cc lp hc h c th dng nhng im hc phn m h nhn c Hoa K hon thnh chng trnh hc ly bng trng i hc nc h. Trc khi ghi danh vo hc, bn nn hi cc nhn vin ca trng hay khoa bn xem h c cho php bn lm iu hay khng. Tng t nh vy, nu trong qu trnh hc sau ny bn

quyt nh ghi danh vo hc mt chng trnh ly bng chnh thc ti mt trng i hc Hoa K, bn c th dng nhng hc phn c c khi theo hc cc lp ma h ny hon thnh chng trnh ly bng ca bn. iu ny c quyt nh theo tng trng hp v bn phi hi vn phng tip nhn sinh vin ca trng xem h cng nhn nhng kha hc no v s hc phn ca mi kha l bao nhiu. Nu bn chn nhng kha hc d thnh, bn s d nhng bui hc ca lp v thng l phi hon thnh tt c cc bi kim tra v tiu lun, nhng khi kt thc kha hc bn s khng nhn c im hay chng nhn hon thnh hc phn. Cc kha hc d thnh thng r hn cc kha hc thng thng khc. trnh nhng hiu lm c th xy ra khi ghi danh xin hc, bn hy lin h vi vn phng tip nhn sinh vin ca trng i hc Hoa K m bn nh vo hc kim tra tht cn thn nhng yu cu v chi ph ca kha hc m bn mun d thnh. Cc trng i hc thng a ra nhng hn ch nht nh i vi cc sinh vin theo hc cc lp hc h. Chng hn nh mt s trng khng nhn sinh vin di 18 tui hoc nhng sinh vin cha tt nghip trung hc. Tuy nhin, mt s t trng i hc c th cho php hc sinh nm cui ca trng trung hc tham d nhng lp hc h. Thi hn ghi danh thng l mt hoc hai thng trc khi lp hc khai ging. Bn nn kim tra trc tip qua sch gii thiu v cc kha hc h hay trang Web ca trng, v cc yu cu, v iu kin nhp hc v cc th tc nhp hc. Nhiu Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K cung cp nhng thng tin v cc chng trnh hc h ti cc trng i hc v cao ng Hoa K. Bn cng nn tham kho thng tin ti cc trang Web cui chng ny v phn ti liu tham kho cui cun sch c thm cc thng tin tham kho. Bn cng cn lu rng cc trng v vin t chc hc h cng c mt cch khc bn c th n hc ti Hoa K trong ma h. Trong khi cc lp hc h cc trng i hc Hoa K t chc cc lp trnh ly bng th cc trng hc h v cc trng tng t

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khc c m rt nhiu kha hc c thit k bn c th nng cao hiu bit x hi v pht trin chuyn mn. Nhng chng trnh nh vy c th tm thy cc trung tm ting Anh (xem chng hai ca cun sch ny) cng nh ti cc t chc c m cc lp dy nu n, ln, thit k thi trang, m nhc, ngh thut v cc ch khc. Hc chuyn ngnh ngn hn Mt s trng cng lp v nhiu t chc o to ca t nhn Hoa K c m cc chng trnh o to cp tc ngn hn dnh cho cc nh chuyn mn; mt s chng trnh thm ch cn c thit k c bit p ng nhu cu ca cc nh chuyn mn n t cc nc khc. Cc t chc cung cp nhng chng trnh nh vy gm c cc khoa ca cc trng i hc v cao ng Hoa K cng nh cc t chc o to cng lp v t nhn. Nhng chng trnh ny khng c cp bng, nhng chng em li cho bn nhng kin thc chuyn mn v gip bn nng cao k nng ngh nghip, v nhiu chng trnh s cp cho bn mt chng ch chng minh rng bn hon thnh kha hc. Cc chng trnh hc chuyn ngnh ngn hn ko di t vi ngy cho n mt nm hc, v mi ngy bn phi hc t su n tm gi. Cc chng trnh ny c xu hng thc tp v c ni dung thit thc, thng nhn mnh vo vic nghin cu tnh hung v cc hot ng ngoi kha. Chng trnh c th bao gm nhng bui thc tp, thm quan cc c s sn xut, cc c hi tip xc vi cc bn hng Hoa K v vic p dng l thuyt vo cng vic chuyn mn ca bn. o to chuyn ngnh ngn hn tn km nhng cng rt hiu qu. V d nh thi gian hc trn lp ca mt chng trnh o to ngn hn mt tun thng l bng vi thi gian trn lp ca mt kha hc 14 tun nhng n lp ch vi gi mi tun. Ngoi ra, cc hc vin trong cc kha hc ngn hn phi cch ly vi gia nh v cng vic trong mt thi gian ngn hn l nu h tham gia vo mt

chng trnh hc truyn thng. Do nhng chng trnh ny c thi gian ngn v chi ph cao nn mt iu rt quan trng l bn phi xc nh xem chng trnh no p ng tt nht nhng yu cu v o to v hon cnh ca bn cng nh mc tiu o to ca bn. Nhng yu t ch yu cn phi cn nhc l: Lnh vc bn quan tm v mun hc cp tc: Cc chng trnh o to ngn hn c rt nhiu lnh vc. Lnh vc bn quan tm l g, trong lnh vc th bn mun hc cp tc vn g? Trnh ting Anh ca bn: Mc d nhng chuyn gia o to bn s c gng giao tip mt cch r rng v n gin, song c th tham gia mt cch hiu qu vo mt chng trnh o to vi cng cao, bn cn phi s dng ting Anh thnh tho. Nu k nng ting Anh ca bn yu, c mt vi chng trnh c ging bng cc th ting c nhiu ngi ni nh ting Arp, ting Php hay ting Ty Ban Nha. Cc ngun ti tr: Bn c th xin c ti tr bao nhiu tin t t chc ca bn hay t cc ngun khc? iu ny s nh hng n vic bn c c hi tham gia nhng chng trnh no. Thi gian o to cn thit: Bn c th xa nh bao lu? Bn cn o to trong bao lu? Mc tiu ngh nghip ca bn: Hy cn nhc xem bn mun lm loi cng vic g trong tng lai. iu ny s gip bn quyt nh loi hnh o to ph hp nht. Nhng k nng mi cn hc: Bn hy cn nhc mc tiu ca kha o to v bt k trch nhim mi no m bn c th s phi m nhn khi bn quay tr v vi cng vic ca bn trong nc. Sau , bn hy xem xt cn thn nhng thng tin v kha hc xem kha hc c p ng c nhng yu cu hay khng. Ngoi ra, cng cn phi xem xt k kha hc ny c thit k cho ai. Mt s chng trnh cung cp nhng dch v o to c th dnh ring hc mt k nng

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c th no , trong khi cc kha hc khc c th bao gm nhng ch chung chung hn, chng hn nh k nng qun l. Mt s kha hc c thit k cho nhng chuyn vin c nhiu kinh nghim, cn mt s kha hc li hng v nhng ngi mi vo ngh. Liu bn c phi truyn t li kin thc mnh hc c khi tr v nc hay khng? Nu c th bn nn ngh n nhng kha hc trong bao gm c k nng o to v trnh by. Bi v iu s pht huy c ti a nhng li ch ca kha hc cho bn cng nh cho cng ty ca bn. Khi bn xc nh c cc chng trnh ph hp vi hon cnh v nhu cu ca bn, bn nn xem xt tng chng trnh mt v t nhng cu hi sau: Mi ngy c bao nhiu gi hc trn lp? Trnh chuyn mn/hc thut ca ging vin nh th no? Nhng phng tin v ngun ti liu no c dng trong o to? C nhng dch v h tr v hot ng no ngoi hot ng o to? Nhng hc vin tham gia kha hc c nhng c im g? Chng trnh ny dnh cho sinh vin Hoa K hay sinh vin quc t? Chng trnh hc linh hot n mc no? Nhng thit b dng trong o to so vi nhng thit b c dng nc bn c g khc nhau? Sau khi kt thc kha hc, bn c nhn c h tr no hay khng? Bi v, cc t chc cung cp o to v cc chng trnh o to rt a dng, nn vic tm kim thng tin v cc chng trnh o to chuyn mn thng i hi phi tn nhiu cng sc tm kim hn cc loi hnh o to ngn hn khc. Trung tm thng tin v t vn gio dc Hoa K gn ni bn c th c nhng thng tin v cc chng trnh o to chuyn mn ngn hn Hoa K. Cc ngun thng tin khc bao gm cng ty ca bn, cc t chc chuyn

mn, cc c quan chnh ph nc bn, hay cc t chc o to, cc trng i hc v cao ng ca Hoa K. Bn hy lin h vi Phng Chng trnh Quc t, Phng Gio dc thng xuyn, hay cc phng ban tng t cc trng i hc v cao ng. Tm kim trn mng cng c th gip bn xc nh c cc t chc v chng trnh ph hp. Nu thy thch hp, bn c th lin h vi nhng nh cung cp thit b my tnh v cc thit b k thut khc trong ngnh ca bn, cc bnh vin nghin cu v o to bc s ni tr nu bn theo hc ngnh y, hay nu bn lm trong lnh vc dch v cng, th hy lin h vi cc t chc hay c quan ca Chnh ph Hoa K. Cng tc vin nghin cu v hc gi Nhiu trng i hc Hoa K c nhng c hi cho nhng ngi c bng tin s nhng mun tip tc nghin cu. Cc trng i hc cng cho php cc nghin cu sinh ny c ng gp kin cho cc kha hc trnh sau i hc (c ngha l h c th d hc cc kha hc ny m khng nhn im hay hc phn no c). ng thi h c s dng tt c cc phng tin ging dy v nghin cu cho mc ch nghin cu ring ca mnh. Yu cu ni chung i vi cc nghin cu sinh c th tm thy trong ti liu gii thiu hay trn trang Web ca trng. c thm thng tin chi tit v bit thm v cc th tc tham gia, nhng ngi nh lm cng tc vin nghin cu nn lin h vi phng tip nhn ca trng hay lin h thng vi khoa. Cc cng tc vin nghin cu thng l t b tin ti hoc c th nhn c ti tr t mt ngun khc. Danh mc v cc ngun ti tr tham kho u c cung cp ti cc Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K. Bn cng c th xem phn ti liu tham kho cui cun sch ny c thm thng tin chi tit. Ngoi ra, Tp 2 ca b sch ny nhan Hc cao hc v nghin cu chuyn ngnh cng cung cp thng tin chi tit hn v nhng c hi cho cc hc gi nghin cu ti cc trng i hc v vin nghin cu ca Hoa K.

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Tm tt ni dung Hy bt u lp k hoch v vic hc tp ngn hn ti Hoa K t 12 n 18 thng trc khi bn mun vo hc, v hy xc nh nhng chng trnh p ng c nhng yu cu ca c nhn v chuyn mn ca bn. Bo m rng bt k chng trnh hc tp ngn hn no bn chn cng c cp chng ch, v hy kim tra trc rng nhng chng ch c cng nhn nc ca bn khi bn tr v. Cc chng trnh trao i hc sinh trung hc ko di t vi tun n mt nm hc, v nhiu chng trnh cho php bn n sng vi mt gia nh ngi M. Cc chng trnh o to cng nhn k thut v dy ngh p ng nhng yu cu o to c th v thit thc, v chun b cho hc vin c vic lm ngay sau khi ra trng. C hai chng trnh ny u gm c nhng hot ng thc tp trong cng vic bn hc c nhng k nng c th. Cc chng trnh o to k thut cng yu cu hc vin phi hc nhng khi nim, l thuyt, v cu trc my. Cc chng trnh o to cng nhn k thut v dy ngh s cp cho bn mt chng ch cng nhn l bn hon thnh kha hc, hoc cp cho bn vn bng ch khng cp bng c nhn. Cc chng trnh ny ko di t mt vi ngy cho n hn mt nm. Trc khi xin tham gia mt chng trnh, bn nn kim tra chc chn rng chng trnh cp nhng chng ch thch hp. Cc c hi hc tp ngn hn ti cc trng i hc Hoa K bao gm cc chng trnh trao i gia cc trng i hc vi nhau, ko di mt hc k hoc c mt nm hc; hc tp khng ly bng, hay cn gi l chng trnh sinh vin c bit, cho php sinh vin c d cc kha hc trnh ly bng nhng khng cn ghi danh tham gia c chng trnh ly bng ; cc lp hc h, trong c c cc kha hc cp tc trnh ly bng nhng ngn hn. i vi nhng hc gi

hay nghin cu sinh th c nhng c hi nghin cu v ng gp kin cho cc kha hc trnh sau i hc. Cc trng v t chc dy h ti Hoa K cho bn c hi hc nhng mn hc khc nhau nhm nng cao kin thc x hi v pht trin chuyn mn ni chung. Cc chng trnh hc cp tc c bit thit k p ng nhu cu ca nhng chuyn vin thuc mt ngnh no , thng ko di t vi ngy n mt nm hc. Nhng chng trnh ny c ti cc trng i hc, cao ng v cc c s o to khc. V cc kha hc ny l ngn hn v mang tnh chuyn mn cao, nn nhng ngi tham gia chng trnh s thu c nhiu li ch nht nu h thy nhu cu c o to chuyn mn v mc tiu ca mnh ph hp vi chng trnh. Cc chng trnh u yu cu bn phi c trnh ting Anh tt. Hy lin h vi t chc cung cp dch v o to hay ti tr cho nhng chng trnh o to ngn hn ny, cng nh vi Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K c thng tin v th tc xin nhp hc v xin th thc. Hu ht cc chng trnh hc tp ngn hn ti Hoa K i hi bn phi c th thc sinh vin do i s qun hay Lnh s qun Hoa K nc bn cp. Cc trang Web hu ch Hip hi Gio dc Thng xuyn cho ngi trng thnh http://www.aaace.org T chc Trao i Vn ha Hoa K http://www.cultural.org Vin Nghin cu Nc ngoi ca Hoa K http://www.aifs.com Hi Pht trin v o to Hoa K http://www.astd.org

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AYUSA International http://www.ayusa.org Trung tm Trao i Vn ha http://www.cci-exchange.com Qu Gio dc ting Anh cho vic Nghin cu nc ngoi http://www.effoundation.org Chng trnh Trao i Gio vin v cc Nh qun l ca Fulbright http://exchanges.state.gov/education/fulbright Chng trnh Trao i khch v trng tr J-1 http://exchanges.state.gov Hip hi cc kha hc h Bc M http://www.naass.org Hng dn v trin vng ngh nghip http://stats.bls.gov/oco Ngun tin ca Peterson v c hi hc h http://www.petersons.com/summerop Shaw Guides - Cc chng trnh ngh nghip sng to v du lch kt hp gio dc http://www.shawguides.com Du hc nc ngoi http://www.studyabroad.com Dy ngh v o to K thut Trc tuyn http://dragon.ep.usm.edu/~yuen/votech.htm Hip hi min Ty cc nh qun l kha hc h http://www.wassa.wsu.edu Danh sch cc chng trnh dy h ca Yahoo! http://dir.yahoo.com/education/programs/summer_programs

Chng 2

Cc chng trnh hc ting Anh

Hoa K l im n hp dn nht i vi cc sinh vin quc t mun hc ting Anh hay mun nng cao trnh ting Anh ca mnh. C hn 400 c s o to t chc cc chng trnh dy ting Anh khp cc khu vc a l v vn ha trn nc M. Nhng chng trnh ny cung cp rt nhiu cc kha hc khc nhau, t ting Anh tiu chun cho cc sinh vin sp hc i hc cho n cc kha hc ngn ng v vn ha cho khch du lch. V c nhiu s la chn nh vy cho nn trc tin bn s phi a ra mt vi quyt nh c bn, chng hn nh loi chng trnh v a im m bn mun hc. Chng ny tho lun nhng yu t bn cn cn nhc trong vic chn chng trnh no l tt nht i vi bn, v sau cung cp cho bn nhng a ch thng tin hu ch khc.

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La chn mt chng trnh hc ting Anh Cc chng trnh hc ting Anh cht lng cao c th tm thy ti nhiu c s o to Hoa K. Cc chng trnh cht lng cao c i ng gio vin c o to bi bn, mt chng trnh hc tuyt vi, phng tin dy v hc rt tt. Nhng phng tin bao gm phng hc, th vin, phng luyn m, my tnh, v cc thit b khc. Nu bn c nh xin hc, bn nn tm hiu nhng tiu ch sau y mt cch cn thn v dng nhng tiu ch ny quyt nh xem chng trnh c ph hp vi bn hay khng. Cc loi chng trnh C ba loi chng trnh hc ting Anh Hoa K: Cc chng trnh ting Anh cp tc (IEPs): cc chng trnh ny thng yu cu t 20 n 30 gi hc trn lp cp tc mi tun. Kha hc bao gm hc vi gio vin trn lp, tho lun nhm, hc trong phng luyn m v bi tp ngoi lp hc. Cc kha hc cp tc c hoc khng cho php sinh vin c d cc lp hc chnh kha v cc mn nm ngoi chng trnh dy ngoi ng ting Anh. Hu ht cc chng trnh u c xy dng nh cc kha hc d b i hc, thit k nhm gip cho sinh vin chun b vo hc mt trng i hc hay cao ng Hoa K. Cc chng trnh bn cp tc: Ging nh cc chng trnh cp tc, cc chng trnh bn cp tc cng bao gm cc gi hc vi gio vin trn lp, hc nhm, luyn m, v hot ng ngoi lp hc. Nhng thng th sinh vin vn theo hc cc mn hc chnh kha khc ch khng ch hc ting Anh. Mt trng i hc c th yu cu bn phi d mt s kha hc ngoi ng ting Anh bn cp tc mc d im TOEFL ca bn c nhn vo hc mt chng trnh c nhn trng i hc, nhng trnh vn nn c nng cao thm. Cc chng trnh ting Anh chuyn ngnh: Nhiu chng trnh ting Anh t nhn v mt s chng trnh do trng i hc t chc c thit k c bit ph hp vi nhu cu ca nhng

ngi lm cng tc chuyn mn. Nhng chng trnh ny c th bao gm chng trnh ting Anh kinh doanh hay cc chng trnh cp chng ch c bit trong cc ngnh nh lut, k thut, gio dc, y t, kin trc, lp trnh my tnh, hng khng, du lch khch sn. Mt s chng trnh, c ca t nhn ln ca trng i hc, cn cho bn c hi c thc tp ti cc cng ty Hoa K. Chng ny s ch tp trung vo cc chng trnh ting Anh cp tc m thi. Tiu chun Trc khi bn xin vo mt trng hc ting Anh, bn cn m bo rng trng ny p ng nhng iu kin ti thiu nhng c th chp nhn c. Vic kim nh cht lng l mt qu trnh trong ngi ta ra cc tiu chun v duy tr cc tiu chun i vi cc trng hc Hoa K. C hai t chc kim nh chuyn ngnh cho cc chng trnh ting Anh cp tc Hoa K l Hi ng Kim nh Gio dc v o to thng xuyn, v U ban Kim nh Chng trnh ting Anh. Bn hy kim tra xem cc chng trnh bn nh xin vo hc c c kim nh bi mt trong hai t chc ni trn hay khng. C quan Nhp c v Nhp tch ca Hoa K (INS) cho php cc chng trnh ting Anh c php pht hnh mu n I-20, l t khai m bn cn phi in vo khi xin th thc sinh vin (Xem phn ni v th thc di y c thm thng tin chi tit v th tc xin th thc). INS s coi mt chng trnh l cp tc nu nh chng trnh c t nht 18 gi hc trn lp mi tun (gi l gi hc c gio vin), v nu chng trnh c kim nh bi mt c quan c thm quyn ca lin bang hay ca a phng do B Gio dc Hoa K y quyn. Do , nu mt chng trnh ting Anh cp tc c INS cho php pht hnh mu n I-20, th l mt du hiu cho thy chng trnh ny c kim nh. Xem thm thng tin v vic kim nh v cc t chc kim nh c tha nhn chng 4 ca cun sch ny.

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C hai t chc chuyn mn v cc chng trnh ting Anh cp tc t ra cc tiu chun m tt c cc chng trnh ca cc thnh vin trong hai t chc ny phi tun th. l Lin hp cc chng trnh ting Anh cp tc ca cc trng i hc v cao ng (UCIEP) v Hip hi cc chng trnh ting Anh cp tc Hoa K (AAIEP). Bn hy tm nhng t chc no c gio vin t bng cp v dy ting Anh nh mt ngoi ng (ESL) hay bng cp v ngn ng hc ng dng. Cui cng, bn c th hi xem liu cc gio vin ca chng trnh c l thnh vin ca NAFSA - Hip hi cc nh gio dc quc t, hay l thnh vin ca t chc Gio vin ting Anh cho ngi nc ngoi (TESOL) hay khng. NAFSA c mt b qui nh v o c ngh nghip m cc thnh vin phi tun th. C NAFSA v TESOL u c nhng tiu chun ngh nghip cho cc thnh vin. Chng trnh hc Hu ht cc chng trnh hc ngoi ng u c chia theo trnh , bt u t nhng kha hc cho ngi mi bt u hc, nhng ngi cha bao gi hc ting Anh, cho n nhng kha hc nng cao cho cc sinh vin ang trong giai on nng cao ting Anh chun b vo hc mt trng i hc hay cao ng Hoa K. Chng trnh cho mt kha hc ting Anh in hnh c thit k nng cao k nng hiu v s dng ting Anh trong vic c, vit v ni. Mt s chng trnh cho rng ng php l mt k nng ring bit. Mt s chng trnh dy ting Anh tp trung ch yu vo ting Anh cho cc mc ch hc thut, trong khi mt s chng trnh khc li tp trung vo vic luyn thi TOEFL hay TSE (kim tra k nng ni ting Anh). c thm thng tin v ni dung ca mt chng trnh dy ting Anh, bn hy truy cp vo trang Web ca chng trnh . Nu bn khng th truy cp c thng tin bn cn trn mng th hy lin h vi ban tip nhn sinh vin ca cc chng trnh ting Anh cp tc IEP bng th in t, th tn, hay bng in thoi, v

yu cu h gi cho bn thng tin chi tit v cc chng trnh m h c. Thi gian hc Bn s cn khong bao nhiu thi gian c th t c nhng k nng m bn mun? Rt kh xc nh c khong thi gian m mt sinh vin cn cho mt chng trnh ting Anh cp tc. Bt u mi kha hc, tt c cc sinh vin s phi lm mt bi kim tra trnh h c th bt u vi mt kha hc trnh thch hp. Mt s sinh vin s tin b rt nhanh, cn mt s sinh vin s mt mt thi gian lu hn pht trin cc k nng cn thit. C th mt mt hay hai hc k, hoc trong vi trng hp c th lu hn, bn t c trnh m bn mun. Vic chuyn t mt trnh ln trnh tip theo ph thuc vo kh nng ca tng sinh vin cng nh nhng k nng ting Anh sn c ca bn. a im v c s o to Hoa K l mt t nc rng ln vi nhiu khu vc c a hnh, kh hu, mi trng th v bn sc vn ha khc nhau. Mt yu t quan trng trong vic la chn chng trnh hc ca bn l chng trnh thc hin u. Vng no trn Hoa K cng c nhng chng trnh c cht lng cao. Bn cnh v tr a l, bn cng nn xem xt xem chng trnh c thc hin ra sao v tm hiu xem ngi ta cn cung cp nhng dch v no khc khng. Thng thng th c ba m hnh ph bin: Chng trnh do mt khoa ca trng i hc hay cao ng t chc, chng hn nh khoa ting Anh Cc trng ngn ng t thc c lin kt vi mt trng i hc hay cao ng, v thng t trong hoc gn khu hc ng Cc trng t thc c lp khng lin kt vi trng i hc hay cao ng no

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Tt c cc chng trnh hc ting Anh cp tc u cung cp nhiu dch v hc tp v dch v sinh vin. Bn cn tm hiu xem chng trnh mnh nh hc c lin kt vi mt t chc gio dc no hay khng, chng trnh cung cp nhng dch v g, v chng trnh s p ng nhng nhu cu v t vn trong hc tp, nhu cu v ni n , sc khe v cc nhu cu x hi khc ca bn nh th no. Cc sinh vin theo hc cc kha ting Anh cp tc trong khu hc ng truyn thng ca trng i hc hay cao ng thng c quyn s dng ch trong k tc x, dch v t vn v chm sc sc khe ca trng. Cc trng ngn ng t thc thng cho sinh vin mt s la chn v ch , t vn gio dc, t vn nh hng, v thu xp cc dch v sc khe cho sinh vin. Mt chng trnh ting Anh cp tc tt, d chng trnh c t chc trong bi cnh nh th no, u phi ni r v nhng dch v c trng i hc hoc do trng ngn ng cung cp, qua bn c th la chn chng trnh thch hp nht vi mnh. Cch t chc lp hc Cch t chc lp hc cng l mt tiu ch tt nh gi mt chng trnh ting Anh cp tc c cht lng cao. Mt s cu hi m bn c th t ra l: Lp hc trung bnh c bao nhiu hc sinh? T l sinh vin trn mi gio vin l bao nhiu? C chnh sch no qui nh v s sinh vin ni cng mt th ting m c xp vo cng mt lp hay khng? S sinh vin trong mt lp v t l sinh vin trn gio vin c th cho thy mc quan tm ti mi c nhn m sinh vin c th nhn c. Vic c sinh vin n t nhiu nc ni nhng th ting khc nhau ch khng ch ni ting ca bn thng s to iu kin gip cho bn hc ting Anh nhanh hn.

Chi ph Mt yu t rt quan trng cn cn nhc trong vic la chn mt chng trnh l chi ph. Ngoi hc ph, cc chng trnh c th yu cu bn phi ng ph sinh vin, tin thu ch , tin n, tin mua sch, bo him y t (bt buc i vi bt k ai n Hoa K vi th thc sinh vin), v cc chi ph lt vt khc. Nhiu chng trnh cn yu cu bn ng ph xin nhp hc, v thng l ph ny khng c tr li. Mt s chng trnh cn yu cu bn ng hc ph trc. Bn cn tm hiu xem tng chi ph ca kha hc l bao nhiu trc khi xin hc. Thng l bn s phi tr tt c cc chi ph ny khi bn n trng, do hy chc chn l bn c tin v sn sng tr tt c cc chi ph . Yu cu nhp hc Mi chng trnh ting Anh cp tc ti Hoa K li c nhng qui nh ring v nhp hc. Mi chng trnh li c nhng qui nh khc nhau, tuy nhin, hu ht cc chng trnh u yu cu bn tt nghip trung hc v bn phi cung cp cc thng tin v kh nng ti chnh chng t l bn c th trang tri tt c cc chi ph lin quan n kha hc. Mt s chng trnh s yu cu bn cung cp thm cc thng tin nh bng im hay cc ti liu chng t trnh ting Anh ca bn. Mt s chng trnh yu cu bn phi dnh phn ln thi gian ca bn cho vic hc ting Anh khi bn ang tham gia chng trnh. Bn c th tm thy cc thng tin v yu cu nhp hc trong quyn sch nh hay ti liu gii thiu v chng trnh, hoc trn trang Web ca chng trnh . Nhp hc cc chng trnh chnh thc Mt iu rt quan trng cn nh l vic bn c nhn vo mt chng trnh hc ting Anh khng c ngha l bn cng c nhn vo cc chng trnh chnh thc khc ca trng i hc hay cao

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ng . Tuy nhin, mt s t chc Hoa K cng a ra nhng kh nng bn c th c tip nhn vo cc chng trnh chnh thc ca h khi bn tha mn mt s iu kin nht nh. i vi cc sinh vin quc t, thng thng th vic chp nhn c vo cc chng trnh chnh thc s c trao cho nhng sinh vin ng k vi kt qu hc tp hay chuyn mn rt tt nhng k nng ting Anh cn cn phi nng cao thm. C ngha l bn c th c tip nhn vo mt chng trnh hc da trn trnh hc tp hay chuyn mn ca bn. Nhng trc khi ng k vo nhng chng trnh chnh kha, bn s phi hon thnh mt kha hc ting Anh b sung hoc phi t im s qua nhng k thi tiu chun nh gi trnh ting Anh ca bn. Nu bn nm trong trng hp ny, bn nn c cn thn th t hay cc ti liu khc m bn nhn c t ban tip nhn sinh vin xc nh chnh xc xem cc iu kin nhp hc l g, sau lin h trc tip vi h nu bn c thc mc. Mt s c s o to tip nhn sinh vin quc t vo mt chng trnh chnh kha mt cch v iu kin, nhng yu cu h phi d cc k thi kim tra trnh ting Anh sau khi vo trng. Da trn kt qu ca cc k thi ny, sinh vin s c tip nhn vo cc chng trnh chnh kha hay phi hc thm cc kha hc ting Anh b sung song song vi thi gian h hc chnh kha, hoc phi tham d v hon thnh xut sc yu cu ca cc chng trnh hc thm ting Anh trc khi bt u hc chnh kha. mt s trng, cc kha hc ting Anh b sung c cp tn ch v c tnh l mt phn trong cc yu cu sinh vin tt nghip. Cn trong mt s trng khc, cc kha hc thm ting Anh ny c th c cung cp qua mt chng trnh ting Anh cp tc v s khng c cng nhn hc phn hoc c cng nhn hc phn nhng khng c tnh tt nghip. Th thc Bc cui cng trong vic chun b du hc ti Hoa K l xin th thc sinh vin. Bn s phi xin cp th thc sinh vin loi F-1 ti i s qun hay Lnh s qun Hoa K nc bn.

Mt chng trnh ting Anh cp tc cht lng cao do INS y quyn Hoa K s trang b cho bn nhng thng tin v ti liu m bn cn c xin cp th thc sinh vin loi F-1. Nhng ti liu m bn nhn c t trng Hoa K s bao gm mt Chng nhn iu kin do Chnh ph cp (mu I-20 A-B), l t khai m bn cn xin cp th thc. Mu n ny s cho i s qun hay Lnh s qun thy rng bn c nhn vo hc bi mt trng ting Anh c t cch, v rng bn chng t cho trng thy l bn c kh nng chi tr cc chi ph lin quan n kha hc. Bn hy lin h vi i s qun hay Lnh s qun Hoa K nc bn vo thi gian sm trc khi bn nh khi hnh, tm hiu v ph xin cp th thc v bt c ti liu cn thit no khc xin th thc sinh vin nc bn. Bn cng nn lin h vi Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K gn nht xem h c t chc bt k bui ni chuyn no chun b cho cc sinh vin trc khi ln ng du hc ti Hoa K hay khng. Cn lu rng bn c th phi tr chi ph cho vic tham gia nhng bui hc . Trc khi xin th thc, bn cn phi c k phn ni v th thc Tp 4 trong b sch ny vi nhan Sn sng ln ng: Thng tin cn thit khi sng v hc tp Hoa K. Tm tt ni dung Cc chng trnh ting Anh cp tc ch c t chc bi cc trng ngn ng c thm quyn cp chng ch, trong cc kha hc s c t nht 18 gi hc trn lp vi gio vin mi tun. Cc kha hc c trnh hc t u cho n nng cao, k c cc kha thit k cho cc sinh vin ang chun b bt u hc tp ti mt trng i hc hay cao ng Hoa K. Thi gian cn thit cho mi chng trnh di hay ngn ty thuc vo mc ch ca sinh vin v trnh k nng ting Anh ca sinh vin khi bt u kha hc.

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Cc kha hc c th l ting Anh giao tip hoc c mt trng tm ring, chng hn nh ting Anh dnh cho hc tp hay ting Anh luyn thi TOEFL. Cc chng trnh c th c t chc bi mt khoa ca trng i hc, bi mt t chc t nhn gn hoc t ngay ti trng, hoc c th bi mt trng t nhn c lp khng c lin kt g vi trng i hc hay cao ng c. Sinh vin cn phi tm hiu v s lng sinh vin trong mi lp hc, t l sinh vin trn mi gio vin, v s sinh vin ni cng mt th ting m c xp vo cng mt lp l bao nhiu. Vic chp nhn vo mt chng trnh ting Anh ti mt trng i hc hay cao ng khng c ngha l bn c chp nhn vo chng trnh chnh kha ca trng i hc hay cao ng . Nu bn mun tham gia mt chng trnh hc ting Anh Hoa K th bn thng phi c th thc sinh vin loi F-1. Hy lin h vi nhng ngi ti tr cho chng trnh v Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K c thm thng tin v nhng yu cu v th tc cp th thc. Cc trang Web hu ch Vic truy cp thng tin trn mng v cc trng dy ting Anh Hoa K tr nn tng i d dng. C ba loi trang Web m bn c th truy cp: Cc trang Web ca chnh cc chng trnh hc ting Anh ; Cc trang Web ca cc t chc v c quan thm nh chuyn ngnh, trn lit k cc chng trnh ca cc thnh vin trong t chc; Cc trang Web thng mi lit k cc chng trnh hc ting Anh. Cc trang Web ny bao gm cc t chc tr ph trang Web ca h c ng ti trn trang ch ny, hay c kt ni vi trang ch ny.

Di y l mt s trang Web thuc cc loi khc nhau vi nhng thng tin b ch v cc chng trnh hc ting Anh. y ban Kim nh Gio dc v o to Thng xuyn http://www.accet.org Hip hi cc Chng trnh ting Anh Cp tc Hoa K http://www.aaiep.org Hi ng Kim nh Chng trnh Anh ng http://www.cea-accredit.org Hip hi cc Chng trnh Ting Anh cp tc ti cc trng cao ng v i hc Hoa K http://www.uciep.org Daves ESL Caf http://www.eslcafe.com Lin kt Gio dc http://www.educationconnect.com Gio dc Quc t trn ton th gii http://www.eiworldwide.com Vin Gio dc Quc t http://www.iiebooks.org/iiebooks/inad.html NAFSA: Hip hi cc nh gio dc quc t http://www.nafsa.org Ging dy ting Anh cho ngi ni ting nc ngoi http://www.tesol.org Mng Gio dc Digital http://www.edufind.com Hc tp Hoa K http://www.studyusa.com Du hc nc ngoi http://www.studyabroad.com

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Chng 3

Hc t xa
Bc vo th k 21, vic hc tp c thc hin hiu qu thng qua nhng hnh thc gio dc ngy cng phong ph hn. Hn 90% s trng cao ng v i hc c kim nh ti Hoa K vi hn 10.000 sinh vin ang cung cp cc chng trnh hc t xa. Chng ny s cung cp cho cc bn nhng thng tin cn bn m cc bn cn bit khi mun hc tp theo hnh thc gio dc cn tng i mi m ny, bao gm vic gii thch hc t xa l g, lm th no chn chng trnh ph hp nht vi bn v lm th no c thm thng tin v cc chng trnh hc t xa, v tm nhng thng tin u. Hc t xa l g? Hc t xa l mt loi hnh gio dc chnh quy theo sinh vin v ging vin khng cng mt a im vo cng mt thi im. Vic hc tp t xa c th l ng thi hoc khng ng thi. Nu hc t xa theo kiu ng thi, vic ging bi c tin hnh

vo mt khong thi gian nht nh v thng l nhng a im c th. Nu hc t xa l khng ng thi, bi ging c th c chuyn n cho sinh vin ti bt k ni no v bt k lc no h mun, chng no h c th truy cp Internet, hoc trong trng hp hc qua th tn chuyn qua h thng bu in. Bn c th hon thnh chng trnh hc t xa bng mt hoc nhng phng tin sau y: Th v bu in; in thoi v th thoi; Chng trnh truyn tn hiu pht thanh, truyn hnh, v tinh, m thanh hoc hnh nh mt chiu hoc nhiu chiu; S dng u my chy bng hnh (VCRs) hoc CD-ROMs; Th in t v Internet (v d hc trn Web). Nhiu chng trnh hc t xa cng yu cu bn thnh thong phi n hc ti trng. V sao li chn hc t xa? Sinh vin nhp hc theo cc chng trnh dy hc t xa v nhiu l do: Tin nghi: H khng th hc ti trng v trng xa nh; Gia nh: H c ngha v chm sc tr nh hoc ngi c tui; Cng vic: H khng th b hn cng vic hin ti phn u v mt cng vic tt hn trong tng lai; a l: Chng trnh hc c th c thc hin mt a im m vic tham d l khng kh thi xt v gc kinh t, vn ha hoc chnh tr. Nhng k nng cn c thnh cng Kinh nghim cho thy nhng ngi c nhiu kh nng thnh cng nht trong mt chng trnh hc t xa l nhng sinh vin thch lm vic c lp v mun c s ring t. Vic ny ph thuc rt

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nhiu vo my tnh v Internet hin nay, i hi sinh vin phi c nhng k nng nht nh. C khng t sinh vin khng hon thnh cc chng trnh hc t xa hoc chuyn sang theo hc cc chng trnh hc ti lp c cp bng v khng c nhng k nng cn thit v mt mi trng hc tp ph hp. Nhng sinh vin c nh theo hc t xa cn t nh gi bn thn mt cch trung thc v ton din theo nhng yu cu bt buc ca chng trnh. Bn hy t nhng cu hi sau y cho bn thn: Bn c phi l mt sinh vin c ng c hc tp v c tnh c lp khng? Bn c phi l mt ngi lm vic nht qun hay l c xu hng b d mi vic vo pht cui cng? Lch lm vic ca bn c thc s cho php bn dnh mt khong thi gian cn thit cho vic hc tp khng? Bn c ch hc tp ring nh hoc ti c quan m bn c th yu cu nghin cu thm v theo hc chng trnh khng? Nhng ngi thn trong gia nh hoc ngi khc quanh bn c tn trng nhu cu cn c thi gian cho vic ring ca bn khng? Bn c nhng k nng cn thit tham gia y chng trnh hc m bn quan tm khng? Nu chng trnh c thc hin trn my vi tnh, liu bn c nhng k nng my tnh cn thit hon thnh chng trnh hc, hoc trc tin, bn c cn hc thm v cch s dng th in t v Internet? C ai h tr bn khi bn gp phi nhng vn k thut khng? (Bt k chng trnh hc t xa no c kim nh Hoa K u c th gip bn ti bn h tr, ti , bn c th truy cp thng qua th in t, nhng cng rt hu ch nu bn bit mt ai gn nh c th hi thng tin h tr). Chn mt chng trnh hc t xa Nhng sinh vin hc t xa thnh cng nht phi nghin cu rt k tm ra mt chng trnh ph hp vi h. Sau y l mt

s im m bn cn xem xt trc khi xin nhp hc mt chng trnh t xa: Kt qu c th v hc vn m chng trnh mang li l g? Vic c c mt tm bng c quan trng vi bn khng hay bn ch mun tham d mt vi bui hc bit mt k nng mi hoc hon thnh mt chng trnh cp chng ch nhm nng cao trnh chuyn mn? Tng chi ph ca chng trnh l bao nhiu? Cc khon ph c bao gm tin mua sch v ph vn chuyn khi cn khng? Bn c phi tr thm nhng chi ph no khng? C s h tr ti chnh no khng? i khi bn c th n trng Hoa K hc c khng, hay bn yu cu mt chng trnh c th c hon thnh hon ton trong nc m khng cn phi n Hoa K? Nu chng trnh hc l ng thi (ngha l c thc hin ti mt thi im nht nh), s khc bit v thi gian gia trong nc v trng ti Hoa K c cn tr bn tham gia khng? Thng tin v chng trnh c gi cho bn nh th no v bn cn c thit b g nhn nhng thng tin ? Nu l mt chng trnh hc trn my tnh, chic my tnh m bn ang s dng c p ng cc yu cu bt buc ca chng trnh hc khng? Thng tin c c gi cho bn c kp thi khng (v d nu c gi bng th tn) bn hon thnh kha hc? C s o to hoc t chc chu trch nhim thc hin chng trnh hc c h tr g v hc tp hoc k thut khng? C nhng loi chng trnh no? D l bn ang mun nng cao mt k nng c th hay kin thc chung, hay mun c mt chng ch hoc bng i hc hay sau i hc, lun c sn nhng chng trnh hc p ng yu cu ca bn. Hc t xa khng ngng m rng v loi hnh v nhiu trng thy y l mt hnh thc o to c th iu chnh ph hp vi

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nhiu loi chng trnh v loi bng cp. Mi ngy li c thm nhng chng trnh mi xut hin trn mng trc tuyn. Nhng loi trng no thc hin chng trnh hc t xa? Nhng trng thc hin chng trnh hc t xa cng a dng nh chnh cc chng trnh hc . Cc trng cao ng v i hc truyn thng ca Hoa K, cc trng i hc "o", cc trng cao ng hai nm hoc trng cao ng cng ng, cc t chc ngh nghip cng nh cc cng ty t nhn v cc t chc khc u c cc chng trnh hc t xa. Cc trng i hc o hon ton ch thc hin cc chng trnh hc t xa thun ty. Tt c cc chng trnh m h thc hin l thc s hc t xa. S trng i hc o ang lin tc tng ln v hu ht u cp bng ging nh cc trng truyn thng dy trn lp (Xem Cp bng trong chng ny). Chi ph cho hc t xa l bao nhiu? Ph tn cho vic hc t xa thay i rt nhiu ty theo loi hnh chng trnh m bn chn. Hc t xa c th tit kim chi ph i li, tin tr v tin n nhng tin hc th thng tng ng vi tin hc ca cc trng truyn thng. Nu trong qu trnh hc m bn bt buc phi n hc ti trng trong mt thi gian, bn cn phi tnh thm nhng ph tn ny vo ngn sch hc tp ca mnh. Bn cng cn hi v chi ph mua ti liu hc tp hon thnh chng trnh v c chi ph gi ti liu cng nh nhng khon thu nhp khu m bn c th phi tr. c thm thng tin v vic tnh ton chi ph theo hc mt chng trnh ly bng ca Hoa K, xem Tp 1 v 2 trong b ny: Hc i hc v Hc cao hc v nghin cu chuyn ngnh. C hai quyn u c ti cc Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K v trn trang Web http://educationusa.state.gov. Nu chng trnh hc t xa m bn chn yu cu phi n hc

ti trng, c th bn phi xin th thc sinh vin n Hoa K. Hy m bo rng bn bit cn phi xin loi th thc no m trng bn xin hc yu cu. Hy lin h vi Trung tm thng tin gio dc v T vn gio dc Hoa K, v c quan Lnh s qun hoc i s qun Hoa K ti nc bn tm hiu v yu cu xin cp th thc vo Hoa K v cc chi ph lin quan. c thm thng tin, hy c phn v xin th thc trong Tp 4 trong b ny, Sn sng ln ng: Thng tin cn thit khi sng v hc tp Hoa K. So snh hc t xa vi hc qua th Hc t xa khc vi hc qua th ch yu v phng php ging bi. Hc qua th l hnh thc hc t xa theo vic hng dn sinh vin ch yu thng qua th v trn c s thng tin mt chiu, hon ton khng ging nh vic t chc mt lp hc. Sinh vin trong cc chng trnh hc qua th phi hon thnh chng trnh trong mt khung thi gian c xc nh c th. Cc hnh thc hc t xa khc c th l nhng lp hc c s dng cc phng thc i thoi trn Internet, hi tho t xa v tip xc trc tuyn, theo sinh vin c th cng nhau trao i cc ch v nhn c thng tin phn hi ngay lp tc t ging vin. Kha hc c th yu cu sinh vin phi c mt vo mt thi im no trao i theo nhm hoc c nhn. D bn chn hnh thc hc t xa no th iu quan trng vn l phi tm ra cch nhn c ti liu hc tp bn c th lp k hoch hon thnh cc yu cu i vi vic tham d lp hc, v np bi tp hon thnh. Yu cu nhp hc Mt s ngi tin rng cc chng trnh hc t xa khng t ra yu cu i vi vic nhp hc hoc khng t iu kin i vi mt chng trnh hc trc tuyn. Mc d iu ny ng trong mt mt s t trng hp, nhng a phn cc th tc xin nhp hc theo mt

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chng trnh hc t xa thng ging vi nhng yu cu ca mt chng trnh hc ti trng. Trn thc t, nu trng t chc chng trnh hc t xa cng c chng trnh hc ti lp th yu cu xin nhp hc s ging nhau hon ton cho c hai loi hnh. c nhn vo hc chng trnh hc t xa, nhiu trng yu cu phi p ng s im cn thit i vi cc cuc kim tra nh Kim tra kh nng hc tp (SAT), Kim tra thnh tch i vi hc vin cao hc (GRE), Kim tra nhp hc i vi sinh vin cao hc v qun l (GMAT), v/hoc Kim tra ting Anh i vi sinh vin nc ngoi (TOEFL). Mu n xin hc t xa ging nh cc mu n xin hc trn lp phi c np cng vi bng im cho bit thnh tch hc tp trc y ca bn. Th gii thiu, bi lun, nu r mc ch hc tp v cc yu cu khc ty theo tng chng trnh thng l nhng iu kin bt buc phi hon thnh. Trc khi cc trng chp nhn ngi xin nhp hc, nhiu chng trnh yu cu h phi hon thnh cc bo co kho st v bi tp trn my tnh. Cn xem xt vic dnh thi gian thc hnh hoc luyn li nhng k nng m bn s cn. Mt khi bn c nhn vo hc, iu quan trng l phi tm ra cch thc tip nhn ti liu hc tp v tm hiu cc yu cu i vi k hc tip theo. Ty theo s hc phn m bn s phi hon thnh trong chng trnh hc t xa, bn cn bit rng ni chung vic hon thnh chng trnh s mt khong thi gian ti thiu bng thi gian ca chng trnh hc trn lp. Nhng vn khc bn cn xem xt Cht lng ca chng trnh Bn cn nghin cu qu trnh v cht lng ca cc chng trnh hc t xa xc nh xem chng trnh c gi tr nh th no i vi bn. Di y l mt s cu hi bn c th mun bit:

Trng nhn sinh vin vo hc chng trnh ny c bao lu? Chng trnh c c xem xt nh gi thng xuyn khng v bng cch no m bo ni dung ging dy ph hp vi yu cu? Cc kha hc ca trng c tng ng vi cc chng trnh tng t ca cc trng khc khng? Thi gian trung bnh mt sinh vin cn c hon thnh chng trnh l bao lu? Cc sinh vin tt nghip kha hc lm g sau , c th l hc tip cc chng trnh khc hay i tm vic lm? Lm th no ta c th tip xc vi mt vi ngi tt nghip v nhng ngi ang s dng lao ng trao i v kinh nghim hc tp v chun b v ngh nghip? Ta c th ly cc bn nh gi chng trnh u? Chng trnh ny c c cng nhn nc s ti khng? Kim nh H thng bo m cht lng ca cc trng i hc Hoa K c thc hin qua vic kim nh. iu quan trng l bn phi tm hiu v vic kim nh i vi chng trnh hc m bn nh theo. Nu chng trnh khng c kim nh mt cch ph hp, bng cp ca bn c th khng c ngi s dng lao ng, c quan nh nc Hoa K v c quan trong nc hoc cc trng o to cao hn cng nhn. Hy c Chng 4 trong quyn ny bit thm chi tit v vic kim nh. Tuy nhin, sau y l mt s thng tin m bn cn bit lin quan n vic hc t xa. Cc t chc kim nh: Vic kim nh c thc hin bi mt lot cc t chc kim nh cp quc gia v khu vc c B Gio dc Hoa K hoc Hi ng Kim nh Gio dc Cao hc (CHEA) tha nhn. iu quan trng khng ch l vic kim nh mt

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trng i hc m l trng c kim nh bi mt t chc c tha nhn. Bn c th nu ra mt s cu hi nh: Trng i hc ny do t chc no kim nh? B Gio dc Hoa K hoc CHEA c tha nhn t chc kim nh khng? Ta c th ly danh sch y cc trng i hc khc c kim nh bi t chc ny u? Chng trnh ca trng cao ng: Cc chng trnh hc t xa ca mt trng cao ng hoc i hc c kim nh phi l mt b phn trong ni dung kim nh tng th ca trng . Khng th c nhng trng hp nh "c kim nh mt phn". Do , cc chng trnh hc t xa phi p ng cc tiu chun v yu cu bt buc ca t chc kim nh. Kim nh cp khu vc c tin hnh ph bin nht Hoa K. N c su t chc kim nh cp khu vc thc hin. Tt c cc t chc ny p dng nhng quy nh c th m bo rng nhng sinh vin c cp bng ca cc chng trnh hc t xa c c trnh hc vn tng ng vi trnh m h c c khi hc ti cc trng Hoa K. Trng i hc o: Vic kim nh cp khu vc cho mt trng cao ng hoc i hc c th tin hnh ngay c khi trng trn thc t khng c th vin, ging ng hoc ging vin thng xuyn. i vi nhng trng o ch yu nm trn mng th quy trnh c kim nh cng tng t nh vi mt trng i hc thc th. Trng phi hon thnh mt cuc t st hch v nhm nh gi s n vn phng hoc tr s ca c quan qun tr trng chng minh rng trng p ng c cc tiu chun kim nh cp khu vc. Ngoi vic tha mn cc tiu chun ca t chc kim nh (ph hp vi trng o), chng trnh phi chng t rng c th tng ng vi cc chng trnh hc trn lp truyn thng, trnh hc vn ca nhng ngi xy dng ni dung kha hc phi ph

hp vi lnh vc chuyn mn ca h. Sinh vin c m bo tip cn vi nhng ngun thng tin ngoi nhng thng tin ph bin vi cng chng trn Internet. Chng trnh ca cc trng o phi c xem xt v cp nht ging nh vi cc chng trnh hc trn lp theo kiu truyn thng. Trng khng c kim nh cp khu vc: Nu mt trng khng c kim nh cp khu vc, bn phi hi h: C th cho bit tn mt s trng i hc hoc ngi s dng lao ng chp nhn bng cp hoc ni dung hc ca trng c khng? (Lu : bn nn kim tra bt k thng tin no c cung cp). Bi thng nh th no trong trng hp chng trnh b ngng trc khi hon thnh kha hc? Ni chung, sinh vin ca mt trng khng c kim nh bi mt t chc c tha nhn s kh, nu khng mun ni l khng th, c chnh quyn thnh ph, bang hoc c quan lin bang, chnh ph nc ngoi hoc a s ngi s dng lao ng tha nhn bng ca h. S m bo ca chng trnh Nhng ngi s dng lao ng, cc t chc ti tr v cc c quan chnh ph rt quan tm n s m bo v tnh trung thc ca mt tm bng chng trnh hc t xa. Do , bn cn phi bit chng trnh s dng nhng bin php g m bo rng sinh vin theo hc chng trnh s t h hon thnh cc bi tp v k thi. Khi bn s c th thng bo cho nhng ngi s dng lao ng v nhng ngi khc c quan tm v vic chng trnh m bo cho tm bng ca bn nh th no. V d, v sinh vin v ging vin khng cng mt ni khi kim tra, lm th no m bo rng ng l sinh vin d cuc kim tra? Mt s trng c kim nh yu cu phi lp my quay nh m hin nay rt t vo cc my tnh chp hnh nh ca ngi s dng my tnh. Cc trng khc th p dng cc quy trnh sinh

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trc nh chp vng mc hoc du vn ngn tay ci m bo rng ngi ang d kim tra ng l ngi ng k kha hc. Cui cng, bn nn bit rng nhiu chng trnh yu cu phi c gim th l nhn vin lnh s, gii chc tng l, s quan qun i Hoa K hoc gio vin b mn ca mt trng c kim nh Hoa K. Tm tt ni dung Hc t xa l mt loi hnh gio dc chnh quy theo sinh vin v ging vin khng cng mt a im ti mt thi im. Hc t xa c th c thc hin theo nhiu cch. C nhiu loi chng trnh hc t xa v nhiu kiu trng i hc thc hin cc chng trnh hc t xa Hoa K. Sinh vin c nhng ng c khc nhau khi tham d mt chng trnh hc t xa, nhng thnh cng tt c cc hc vin t xa cn c khng gian ring t, thch lm vic c lp v kh nng lm vic ph hp. Sinh vin cng cn c k nng cn thit hon thnh cc bi tp cng nh tip cn cc h tr k thut khi cn. S khc bit thi gian ti cc nc hoc yu cu phi i ln n trng ti Hoa K s gy kh khn cho mt s sinh vin nu mun theo hc t xa. Chi ph hc t xa cng tng t nh chi ph hc ti trng. Th tc xin hc cng thng ging nh cc kha hc ti trng. Cht lng v gi tr ca chng trnh hc t xa cn c thm tra trn cc mt nh ni dung hc, vic tuyn dng sinh vin tt nghip trong thi gian gn y, s tha nhn bng cp, chng ch nc ca ngi hc. Sinh vin tham d chng trnh ca nhng trng khng c kim nh bi mt t chc c tha nhn s thy bng cp ca h kh c cc c quan chnh ph, cc trng khc v nhiu ngi s dng lao ng ca Hoa K hoc trong nc h tha nhn.

Nhng ngi s dng lao ng quan tm rt nhiu n s bo m v tnh trung thc ca mt chng trnh hc t xa. Do , trc khi nhp hc, sinh vin cn tm hiu cch thc m chng trnh m bo rng sinh vin phi t hon thnh bi tp v cc bi kim tra. Nu bn quyt nh rng theo hc t xa l ph hp vi bn thn v bn p ng cc tiu ch nu trong chng ny, hc t xa c th l con ng em n cho bn n s thnh cng v nhiu iu th v trong hc tp. Cc trang Web hu ch Trung tm thng tin v Gio dc v Hc t xa http://www.geteducated.com Hng dn chn kha hc trn Internet http://www.drake.edu/iaicu/consumerguide.html Degree.net http://www.degree.net Trung tm trao i thng tin v gio dc t xa http://www.uwex.edu/disted/home.html Hc t xa trn mng http://www.hoyle.com/distance.htm Mng ton cu v gio dc t xa http://www1.worldbank.org/disted Hip hi hc t xa ca Hoa K http://www.usdla.org Th vin thng tin v gio dc trn mng http://www.outreach.utk.edu/weblearning Th vin o trn mng: Gio dc t xa http://www.cisnet.com/~cattales/Deducation.html

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Chng 4

Kim nh
Kim nh l c ch tha nhn v bo m cht lng i vi cc trng i hc v cc chng trnh cao hc ti Hoa K. Khi quyt nh chn mt chng trnh hc, mt trong nhng quan tm chnh m bn cn tm hiu l chng trnh c c kim nh ph hp hay khng. Chng ny s gii thch kim nh l g? N din ra nh th no? Ai thc hin v v sao n c ngha i vi bn? Kim nh l mt vn phc tp, v th, chng ti khuyn cc bn nn c ton b chng ny m bo bn hiu hon ton ni dung ca ch quan trng ny. Duy tr tiu chun gio dc Hoa K Ti hu ht cc nc, chnh ph trung ng chu trch nhim duy tr tiu chun cht lng gio dc cao hc ca cc trng i hc. Tuy nhin, Hoa K, Chnh ph Lin bang khng trc tip qun l cc trng cao ng v i hc. Mi bang ca Hoa K c mt h thng cc t chc cp giy php cho cc trng o to cao hc h tin hnh kinh doanh v cp bng hp php ti cc bang. Bn c th cho

rng nu c cp giy php, iu c ngha l trng p ng cc tiu chun gio dc ti thiu nht nh. Tuy nhin, cc yu cu c cp giy php thay i kh nhiu gia cc bang. Bn khng th coi giy php do S Gio dc ca bang cp l bng chng rng mt trng i hc p ng cc tiu chun ti thiu. Vy th lm th no bn bit c mt trng i hc hoc mt chng trnh p ng mt mc cht lng c th chp nhn c? Ti Hoa K, cc trng i hc v chng trnh hc p ng, duy tr cc tiu chun gio dc nht nh th tr thnh c kim nh. Vic kim nh c thc hin bi cc t chc hoc hip hi kim nh c chc nng quyt nh v qun l cc tiu chun. c cp giy php mt bang khng ng ngha vi vic c kim nh. B Gio dc Hoa K nh ngha kim nh l mt v th c trao cho mt trng i hc chng t rng trng tha mn yu cu v mc ch v tiu chun ca hip hi v t ra c th tip tc m bo thc hin mc tiu trong tng lai. c kim nh, mt trng i hc phi bm st cc tiu chun ca mt t chc hoc hip hi nht nh. V sao vic kim nh li quan trng Ti Hoa K, mt trong nhng ch tiu chnh cho bit cht lng ca mt trng i hc chnh l vic c kim nh. Nu trng m bn chn khng c kim nh ph hp, bn c th thy l bng ca bn khng c tha nhn Hoa K hoc nhiu nc trn th gii, hoc khng c tha nhn bi cc trng i hc khc, cc hip hi ngh nghip, ngi s dng lao ng, v cc c quan cp b ca Chnh ph Lin bang hoc bang. Trc khi bn xin hc ti Hoa K, iu rt quan trng l hy hi B Gio dc trong nc v vic liu c hn ch no khng i vi vic kim nh bng ca Hoa K hoc trng i hc ca Hoa K. C th, hy hi xem liu c nhng yu cu c th no i vi vic kim nh mt trng i hc hoc chng trnh ca Hoa K.

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T chc kim nh c tha nhn Khng c hn ch no theo lut i vi vic s dng cc ch c kim nh, t chc kim nh hoc hip hi kim nh Hoa K. Kt qu l bn phi thn trng kim tra liu mt trng i hc v cc chng trnh ca trng c c kim nh bi mt hoc nhiu t chc kim nh c tha nhn. c tha nhn, mt t chc kim nh cn p ng mt hoc c hai tiu ch sau y: H phi l thnh vin ca Hi ng Kim nh Gio dc Cao hc (CHEA) hoc Hip hi cc t chc kim nh chuyn ngnh (ASPA). tm hiu thm, bn tham kho trang Web (http://www.chea.org hoc http://www.aspa-usa.org), hoc tm trong danh b Cc trng o to cao hc c kim nh (xem mc lc cui cun sch). C th xin cun danh b ti cc Trung tm t vn v Thng tin gio dc Hoa K trn ton th gii. H c B Gio dc Hoa K kim nh. Mc d B Gio dc Hoa K khng trc tip tham gia vo qu trnh kim nh mt trng i hc nhng li n hnh mt danh mc cc t chc kim nh m h tha nhn l cc c quan ng tin cy khi kim nh v cht lng gio dc hoc o to cao hc ca cc trng i hc. Xem danh sch y trn trang Web http://www.ed.gov/offices/OPE/accreditationindex.html. Vic kim nh bi B Gio dc Hoa K hoc l thnh vin ca CHEA hoc ASPA l mt bng chng v mc tin cy ca mt hip hi kim nh. Kim nh c ngha g? Cc yu cu v tiu chun c th ca mi t chc kim nh rt mang tnh c th. Tuy nhin, bt k trng i hc hoc chng trnh no c kim nh bi mt t chc kim nh c tha nhn cng phi:

C tuyn b chung v mc ch (thng gi l nhim v) xc nh sinh vin m h phc v v mc tiu ca cc hot ng ca trng hoc chng trnh. Kim sot cc ngun lc cn thit t c cc mc ch; l, cc trng phi kim sot ngun ti chnh, tuyn dng cc gio vin v ging vin c trang b kinh nghim v kin thc y , ch cho nhp hc cc sinh vin c phm cht c th thu c kt qu t kha hc, v thc hin cc chng trnh hc theo quy trnh lin tc v c gn kt vi nhau. Hiu qu trong vic t c cc mc tiu ngn hn. Chng t c rng h s tip tc t c cc mc tiu trong tng lai gn. Vic kim nh cc chng trnh n l (gi l kim nh theo chng trnh) cng i hi tha mn cc yu cu nh vic kim nh cc trng i hc nhng tp trung hn vo mt chng trnh c th ch khng phi l ton b mt trng i hc. Kt qu l thng c mt s yu cu i vi kim nh chng trnh li lin quan n hot ng ngh nghip chuyn mn c th. T chc kim nh lm g? Tt c cc hip hi kim nh u c hai mc ch: nh gi hot ng ca mt trng i hc hoc mt chng trnh c lin quan n nhim v ca h qua cc tiu chun ca t chc kim nh, v thc y vic nng cao cc chng trnh v cc trng l thnh vin. T chc kim nh c tha nhn thc hin quy trnh ba bc m bo cht lng: Trng i hc thc hin vic t nh gi v vit mt bo co np cho t chc kim nh. Vic t nh gi v bn bo co phi c thng tin v nhim v, cc chng trnh o to, gio vin, ngun thng tin, dch v dnh cho sinh vin, h tr y t v h thng qun l. Tip theo l chuyn i lm vic ca mt nhm chuyn gia

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gio dc ca bn ngoi vi mc ch l chng minh nhng iu m trng ni v bn thn trong bn t nh gi, a ra khuyn ngh nng cao cht lng ca trng v chng trnh, ri np mt bo co c quan iu hnh ca hip hi kim nh xem xt. C quan iu hnh s quyt nh c kim nh hay khng. Vic kim nh khng bao gi ch dnh cho mt phn v khng c s khc nhau gia cc t "c kim nh y " v "c kim nh". Mt khi trng thnh cng trong vic c chng minh v kim nh, quy trnh s tip tc. Cc trng v chng trnh phi np bo co hng nm, tr li bt k yu cu no ca t chc kim nh v nh k n cc on kim tra t nht l t 5 nm n 10 nm mt ln. H cn phi thng bo cho t chc kim nh v nhng thay i quan trng - v d thay i v ch s hu, nhim v, a im ging ng hoc cp mt vn bng trnh cao hn. Vic kim nh khng phi l mt cch phn hng cc trng thnh vin m ch l mt quy trnh chng minh cht lng o to ca mt t chc gio dc. i vi sinh vin, y l du hiu cho thy mt trng i hc hoc chng trnh o to p ng mt s tiu chun nht nh. Cc hip hi kim nh yu cu rng cc trng i hc phi lin tc t nh gi m bo rng cc chng trnh o to ca h lun cp nht thng tin. Nhng hot ng nh gi m bo rng sinh vin cao hc ca trng c chun b sn sng p ng cc yu cu hin ti ca x hi, v rng h c rn luyn nng lc tip tc hc tp nghin cu, nh cho php sau ny h p ng c cc yu cu ca x hi. Kim nh trng i hc C hai kiu kim nh cn bn i vi cc trng i hc cp bng Hoa K: Kim nh trng v kim nh chng trnh. ng nh tn gi, kim nh cho trng i hc l vic xem xt v kim nh tng th mt trng i hc. Kim nh chng trnh,

i khi cn gi l kim nh chuyn ngnh, l vic kim nh cc chng trnh o to, cc khoa, cc trng o to trc thuc mt trng i hc; v d, chng trnh tr liu sc khe, trng dy kinh doanh, hoc trng k thut. (Xem thng tin ti phn "Kim nh chng trnh" trong chng ny). Mt vi hip hi hoc t chc kim nh khc nhau thc hin tng loi hnh kim nh ny. Kim nh i vi trng c th chia thnh hai loi: kim nh cp khu vc v kim nh cp quc gia. Kim nh cp khu vc Kim nh cp khu vc l loi kim nh ch yu i vi trng i hc Hoa K, c thc hin bi su t chc ph trch cc khu vc a l khc nhau ca Hoa K. Su t chc kim nh cp khu vc cng nhau phc v hn 3.500 trong tng s gn 3.600 trng cp bng Hoa K. l cc t chc: Hip hi cc trng i hc v Cao ng cc bang min Trung - U ban v Gio dc cao hc (MSA/CHE) http://www.msache.org Hip hi cc trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc New England - U ban v cc Trng o to cao hc (NEASC-CIHE) http://www.neasc.org/cihe/cihe.htm Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc Bc min Trung - U ban Gio dc cao hc http://www.ncacihe.org Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc Ty Bc - U ban cc Trng i hc v Cao ng http://www.cocnasc.org Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc pha Nam (SACS) - U ban v cc Trng cao ng http://www.sacscoc.org

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Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc min Ty (WASC) - U ban v cc Trng cao ng http://www.wascweb.org Kim nh cp quc gia Ngoi ra, c mt vi t chc kim nh cp quc gia cng tin hnh vic kim nh i vi cc trng v c Hi ng Kim nh Gio dc cao hc (CHEA) v/hoc B Gio dc Hoa K tha nhn. Xem danh sch y v cc t chc ny ti: Cc t chc o to sau trung hc c kim nh http://www.chea.org B Gio dc Hoa K http://www.ed.gov/offices/OPE/accreditation /index.html So snh kim nh cp khu vc v cp quc gia Mt s trng i hc c kim nh cp quc gia thay v cp khu vc v h khng mun hoc khng th tha mn cc tiu chun kim nh cp khu vc. V d, cc t chc kim nh cp khu vc yu cu rng khong t 1/4 n 1/3 chng trnh hc ca trng phi c dnh cho cc mn hc chung (nh nhn vn, khoa hc x hi v khoa hc t nhin); y l mt vn i vi mt s trng chuyn ngnh. Mt v d khc l cc trng cao ng c qun l bi nhng t chc tn gio, do i hi mt s khi nim phi da trn c tin (v d, ng sng to); v tt c cc t chc kim nh cp khu vc yu cu rng cc trng phi dnh cho gio vin v sinh vin s t do nghin cu pht trin mi loi t tng, nn nhng trng ny khng p ng yu cu kim nh cp khu vc. Nu bn ang cn nhc chn mt trng ca Hoa K c kim nh cp quc gia ch khng phi cp khu vc, bn cn phi tr li nhng cu hi sau:

Liu chnh ph, cc hip hi ngh nghip v ngi s dng trong nc c tha nhn mt vn bng ca mt trng c kim nh bi mt t chc kim nh cp quc gia ch khng phi cp khu vc hay khng? Liu cc trng cc nc khc c tha nhn vn bng ca mt trng c kim nh cp quc gia ti Hoa K khng? Sinh vin tt nghip ca trng c kh nng s dng vn bng lm nhng vic m bn cng mun lm hay khng? V d, c bao nhiu ngi c tuyn dng vo mt lnh vc nht nh hoc c nhn vo mt chng trnh hc bc cao hn do mt trng khc thc hin? Bn cng cn bit rng nhiu trng ca Hoa K c kim nh cp khu vc khng tha nhn cc chng trnh hc hoc vn bng ca mt trng khc ca Hoa K nhng ch c kim nh cp quc gia. iu ny quan trng i vi bn nu bn quyt nh chuyn t mt trng ny sang mt trng khc Hoa K thng qua mt chng trnh hc cp bng hoc nu bn c k hoch ly bng nhiu trng khc nhau; v d, bng c nhn mt trng v bng thc s mt trng khc. c thm thng tin v t vn, hy tham kho kin ca nhn vin Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc Hoa K t nc bn. Cc trng khng c c s kim nh c tha nhn Ti nhiu nc, cc c quan chnh ph yu cu cc trng cao ng v i hc phi c kim nh nhng Hoa K vic kim nh l t nguyn. Do , mt trng c th la chn nu mun c kim nh cp khu vc hoc quc gia hoc thm ch c kim nh c hai cp. Hoc mt trng c th c kim nh bi mt t chc khng c tha nhn. Sinh vin cc trng khng c c s kim nh c tha nhn cp khu vc hoc quc gia c nhiu kh nng gp kh khn trong cc vic sau: H s khng p ng iu kin c vay hoc nhn hc

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bng cng nh mt s danh hiu khoa hc khc. V d, nhiu chnh ph nc ngoi s ch cho vay i vi cc sinh vin ang hc mt trng c kim nh cp khu vc. S gp kh khn nu sinh vin mun cc trng c kim nh cp quc gia hoc khu vc chp nhn nhng mn hc h hc hoc vn bng m h c. Chnh ph cc nc khc thng khng tha nhn vn bng ca cc trng ca Hoa K m khng c c s kim nh c tha nhn cp khu vc hoc quc gia. Nhiu ngi s dng lao ng t nhn khng chp nhn cc mn hc v vn bng ca mt trng khng c c s kim nh c tha nhn cp khu vc. Khi xem xt mt trng khng c c s kim nh c tha nhn, bn cn bit thm hai yu t sau: Cc t chc kim nh c tha nhn thng c cc chnh sch nghim ngt trnh vic thiu cng tm gia cc trng c nh gi v trng thc hin vic nh gi. V d, ngi nh gi khng th l sinh vin, cu sinh vin, ch s hu hoc ngi lm thu cho trng ang c nh gi. Khng th bo m tnh trung thc trong qu trnh kim nh nu t chc kim nh khng c tha nhn. Nu bn theo hc ti mt trng c kim nh bi mt t chc khng c tha nhn, khng ch ngi s dng lao ng v cc chnh ph khng chp nhn chng trnh hc v vn bng ca bn m ngay hc vn m bn c c c th khng p ng yu cu hoc p ng khng ton din hoc khng t tiu chun cao nh chng trnh ca nhng trng c kim nh bi cc t chc c tha nhn. Nu bn ang cn nhc hc mt trng khng c kim nh ph hp, hy hi tn nhng cu sinh vin s dng bng cp ca h lm nhng cng vic tng t nh nhng vic m bn d nh s lm. Sau , lin h vi cc cu sinh vin nh gi v tri nghim ca h.

Kim nh chng trnh Cc t chc kim nh chng trnh thc hin kim nh cc chng trnh hc hoc cc khoa cp bng chuyn ngnh ch khng kim nh ton b trng. Thng th cc chng trnh hoc khoa nh vy thng ca cc trng c kim nh. V vy, bn c th chc chn v tnh hp php v cht lng chung. Mt t chc kim nh chng trnh c coi l mt t chc kim nh "c tha nhn" nu h l thnh vin ca Hi ng Kim nh Gio dc Cao hc (CHEA) hoc Hip hi cc T chc Kim nh chuyn ngnh (ASPA). Thnh vin ca CHEA hoc ASPA l mt du hiu cho bit tin cy ca mt hip hi kim nh chng trnh. B Gio dc Hoa K ch tha nhn cc t chc kim nh cp quc gia v khu vc v khng tham gia vo vic kim nh chng trnh. c danh sch y v cp nht v cc t chc kim nh chng trnh c CHEA tha nhn, hy tham kho n phm Cc trng o to cao hc c kim nh hoc tham kho trang Web ca CHEA ti a ch http://www.chea.org. Mt vi t chc kim nh chng trnh khng phi l thnh vin ca CHEA, nhng li thuc ASPA. C th ly danh sch y v cc t chc ny trn trang Web ca ASPA ti http://www.aspa-usa.org. i vi mt s ngh, k c cc ngh lin quan n y t (v d, ni khoa hoc nha khoa) hoc an ton (v d, k thut), bn phi l sinh vin tt nghip chng trnh cao hc ca mt chng trnh c kim nh c th hnh ngh trong lnh vc c th. Nu bn ang cn nhc lm mt ngh c th, hy kim tra xem vic kim nh chng trnh c phi l iu kin tin quyt hnh ngh trc khi bn quyt nh nhp hc mt chng trnh cp bng. Thm ch nu vic kim nh chng trnh l khng bt buc c cp giy php hnh ngh, vic kim nh chuyn mn li l mt m bo rng c chng trnh hc v ging vin u t yu cu v c cp nht v chuyn mn ca h theo nh gi ca t chc kim nh.

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Trng v cc chng trnh ca Hoa K bn ngoi Hoa K C hai loi trng ca Hoa K hot ng bn ngoi lnh th Hoa K: l cc trng hot ng c lp v khng c ging ng ti Hoa K, v cc trng l mt b phn hoc c quan h cht ch vi mt trng Hoa K. Cc trng i hc v cao ng ca Hoa K nm bn ngoi lnh th Hoa K v khng c ging ng Hoa K c th xin c kim nh bi cc t chc kim nh c tha nhn ca Hoa K. H s c a vo danh sch cc trng v chng trnh c kim nh ca mi t chc kim nh, thng l nm ti mt b phn c bit dnh cho cc trng bn ngoi Hoa K. Nhng trng ny s phi p ng cc tiu chun kim nh v c kim nh ging nh i vi cc trng c kim nh Hoa K. Cc trng l mt b phn ca mt trng cao ng hoc i hc ca Hoa K, hoc lin kt vi mt trng Hoa K, c gi l phn hiu. Cc t chc kim nh trng hc s a cc phn hiu bn ngoi Hoa K vo hot ng kim nh cc trng ca Hoa K. Tuy nhin, iu kin c cc t chc ny kim nh, cc phn hiu phi p ng cc tiu ch v th tc sau: Bng do phn hiu pht ra phi c trng ca Hoa K cp. Phn hiu phi c kh nng m bo cht lng v mc ging dy ging nh trng Hoa K v sinh vin phi c iu kin hon thnh ti thiu 50% cc hc phn i vi bng do Hoa K cp hoc hon thnh chng trnh ti ging ng Hoa K. Phn hiu phi thc hin tng t quy trnh t nh gi, kho st v c nh gi bi t chc kim nh ging nh i vi trng Hoa K. Phn hiu phi chu s ch o v chuyn mn ca trng Hoa K.

Cc trng ca Hoa K phi thng bo cho t chc kim nh trc khi thnh lp mt phn hiu v trong vng 6 thng k t khi bt u hot ng, phn hiu phi c kho st m bo rng h tun th cc quy nh ca t chc kim nh. i khi cc trng cao ng v i hc c kim nh ca Hoa K c cc tha thun vi cc trng nhng nc khc thc hin cc chng trnh o to c cp bng ti cc trng bn ngoi Hoa K. Ti nhng trng ny, chng trnh hc c th c xem l mt phn hiu khi tin hnh kim nh chng no chng trnh vn c th hon thnh vic o to v cp bng ti cc trng bn ngoi Hoa K, v bng c trng cao ng hoc i hc ca Hoa K cp. Nu bn cn i cht nghi hoc v vic kim nh i vi mt trng hoc mt chng trnh o to c cp bng ca Hoa K c thc hin nc ca bn, hy lin h trc tip vi t chc kim nh trng Hoa K hoc mt Trung tm thng tin hoc T vn gio dc ca Hoa K c thm li khuyn. Hy nh rng cc hc phn v vn bng ca mt trng s c chnh ph nc bn coi l chng ch ca nc ngoi v c nh gi theo cng mt tiu ch nh khi xem xt cc hc phn ca mt trng Hoa K. Tm tt ni dung Kim nh l mt c ch tha nhn v m bo cht lng ca cc trng v chng trnh Hoa K. Kim nh l mt quy trnh t nguyn Hoa K v khc vi nhiu nc, khng phi do mt c quan ca chnh quyn trung ng nh B Gio dc Hoa K thc hin. Vic cc b gio dc ca bang cp giy php cho cc trng o to cao hc khng phi l kim nh. Kim nh mt vn bng mt trng ca Hoa K ti Hoa K v cc nc khc thng c quyt nh bng vic kim

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nh trng hoc kim nh chng trnh o to. Sinh vin quc t cn hi B Gio dc, Hi ng Gio dc Cao hc hoc cc c quan qun l khc trong nc v nhng hn ch i vi vic kim nh cc vn bng ca Hoa K. Quy trnh kim nh i hi cc trng phi c mc tiu ph hp; kim sot cc ngun lc t c mc tiu ; m bo t hiu qu v chng minh rng h s tip tc thc hin c mc tiu trong tng lai. Cc t chc kim nh cng c nhim v thc y vic nng cao cht lng o to cc trng thnh vin. Yu cu ca cc t chc kim nh rt khc nhau nhng tt c u i hi rng cc trng hoc chng trnh phi tin hnh t nh gi mt cch chi tit v np mt bo co v kt qu t nh gi cho t chc kim nh. Quy trnh kim nh l lin tc v bao gm cc bo co v t kim tra nh k nhm m bo cc trng vn duy tr tiu chun. Vic kim nh c th p dng cho trng, ngha l kim nh mt trng, hoc p dng cho chng trnh (i khi gi l kim nh chuyn ngnh), ngha l kim nh mt chng trnh o to hoc khoa ca mt trng. C nhiu t chc kim nh thc hin tng loi hnh kim nh ni trn. Cc t chc kim nh trng c tha nhn bi Hi ng Kim nh Gio dc Cao hc (CHEA) v/hoc B Gio dc Hoa K. Kim nh trng c th cp khu vc hoc t ph bin hn, cp quc gia. Nu mt trng c kim nh cp quc gia, sinh vin cn kim tra ai kim nh vn bng hoc mn hc ca h v vic kim nh cc cp c th khc nhau rt ln. Cc t chc kim nh chng trnh c kim nh bi CHEA hoc l thnh vin ca Hip hi cc T chc kim nh chng trnh chuyn ngnh (ASPA). Kim nh cho mt chng trnh, mt khoa hoc trng c th l mt yu cu bt buc khi hnh ngh trong mt s lnh vc nht nh.

Cc trang Web hu ch Hip hi cc T chc kim nh chng trnh v chuyn ngnh (ASPA) http://www.aspa-usa.org Hi ng Kim nh Gio dc Cao hc (CHEA) http://www.chea.org B Gio dc Hoa K, Vn phng Gio dc sau trung hc http://www.ed.gov/offices/OPE Cc t chc kim nh cp khu vc: Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng cc bang min Trung - U ban v Gio dc cao hc (MSA/CHE) http://www.msache.org Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc New England - U ban v cc Trng o to cao hc (NEASC-CIHE) http://www.neasc.org/cihe/cihe.htm Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc Bc min Trung - U ban Gio dc cao hc http://www.ncacihe.org Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc Ty Bc U ban cc Trng i hc v Cao ng http://www.cocnasc.org Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc pha Nam (SACS) - U ban v cc Trng Cao ng http://www.sacscoc.org Hip hi cc Trng i hc v Cao ng khu vc min Ty (WASC) - U ban v cc Trng Cao ng http://www.wascweb.org

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Ti liu tham kho

Cc n phm di y hin c sn tham kho ti cc Trung tm thng tin v T vn gio dc ca Hoa K. Chng 1 - Cc kha hc ngn hn ti Hoa K

Occupational Outlook Handbook. Published annually. Bureau of Labor Statistics, U.S. Department of Labor, Washington, DC. (Explains the training requirements for different professions and careers in the United States. Also avaiable on the World Wide Web at http://www.stats.bls.gov/oco) Petersons Guide to Two-Year Colleges. Published annually. Petersons, Princeton, NJ.
http://www.petersons.com

Petersons Internships. Princeton, NJ.

http://www.petersons.com

Published

annually.

Petersons,

Petersons Vocational & Technical Schools East. Petersons, Princeton, NJ.

http://www.petersons.com

The Advising Quarterly. Published quarterly. America-Mideast Educational and Training Services (AMIDEAST), Washington, DC.
http://www.amideast.org

Advisory List of International Educational Travel and Exchange Programs. Published annually. Council on Standards for International Educational Travel (CSIET), Alexandria, VA.
http://www.csiet.org

Petersons Vocational & Technical Schools West. Petersons, Princeton, NJ.

http://www.petersons.com

Princeton Review: Americas Top Internships. Published annually. Mark Oldman and Samer Hamadeh. Random House, New York, NY.
http://www.review.com

Brickers International Directory: University Excutive Programs. Brickers Short-Term Excutive Programs. Petersons, Princeton, NJ.
http://www.petersons.com

Training and Development Organizations Directory. Janice McLean, Editor. 1994. Gale Group, Farmington Hills, MI.
http://www.gale.com Chng 2 - Cc chng trnh hc ting Anh A number of publications list language programs located throughout the United States. Of these, perhaps the most comprehensive is English Language and Orientation Programs in the United States, a directory of English language programs pub-

Funding for United States Study: A Guide for International Students and Professionals. 1996. Institude of International Education, New York, NY.
http://www.iie.org

The Grants Register. Published annually. Macmillan Reference, London, England.

http://www.macmillan-reference.co.uk

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lished by the Institute of International Education (see below). Professional associations, such as the Consortium of University and College Intensive English Programs (UCIEP) and the American Association of Intensive English Programs (AAIEP), also publish directories of their member language programs with descriptions and contact information for each. A growing number of magazines have appeared in recent years that contain advertisements for English language schools. Such magazines also provide information and advice for students considering enrolling in English language programs, and they contain articles about different aspects of language study in the United States.

UCIEP: A Consortium of University and College Intensive English Programs in the USA - Member Profiles. Stillwater, OK.
http://www.uciep.org Chng 3 - Hc t xa

The Advising Quarterly. Published quarterly. AmericaMideast Educational and Training Services (AMIDEAST), Washingtion, DC.
http://www.amideast.org

The Advising Quaterly. Published quarterly. America-Mideast Educational and Training Services (AMIDEAST), Washington, DC.
http://www.amideast.org

Campus-Free College Degrees: Thorsons Guide to Accredited College Degrees Through Distance Learning. Marcie Kisner Thorson. 2000. Thorson Guides, Tulsa, OK.
http://www.college-distancedegree.com

American Association of Intensive English Programs: Member Profiles 1999-2000. Philadelphia, PA.
http://www.aaiep.org

College Degrees by Mail and Modem. 1999. Ten Speed Press, Berkeley, CA.
http://www.tenspeedpress.com

Directory of Professional Preparation Programs in TESOL in the United States and Canada. Ellen Garshick, Editor. 1999-2001. Teachers of English to Speakers of Other Languages, Inc. (TESOL), Alexandria, VA.
http://www.tesol.org

The Independent Study Catalog, A Guide to Over 10,000 Correspondence Courses. 1995. Published by Petersons for the National University Continuing Education Association, Washington, DC. Petersons, Princeton, NJ.
http://www.petersons.com

English Language and Orientation Programs in the United States. Institude of International Education, New York, NY.
http://www.iie.org

Petersons Guide to Distance Education Programs. 2000. Petersons, Princeton, NJ.

http://www.petersons.com

Foreign Students Guide to American Schools, Colleges, and Universities. Published annually. George Kalmar, Editor. International Education Service, Santa Monica, CA.
http://www.ies-ed.com

Petersons MBA Distance Learning Programs. 1999. Petersons, Princeton, NJ.

http://petersons.com

Virtual College. Pam Dixon. 1996. Petersons, Princeton, NJ.

http://www.petersons.com

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Chng 4 - Kim nh

Bears Guide to Earning Degrees Nontraditionally. John Bear and Mariah Bear. 1999. C&B Publishing, Benicia, CA.
http://www.degree.net

Accredited Institutions of Postsecondary Education. Published annually. American Council for Education on behalf of the Council for Higher Education Accreditation (CHEA). Copies available at http://www.oryxpress.com.

Gii thch thut ng

Academic adviser (C vn hc tp): L mt ging vin gip v t vn cho sinh vin v cc vn c lin quan n hc tp. Academic year (Nm hc): Thi gian chnh thc ging dy, thng t thng 8 hoc thng 9 n thng 5 hoc thng 6. Nm hc c th c chia thnh cc hc k c di thi gian khc nhau: hai k, ba k hoc bn k. Accreditation (Kim nh): C ch duy tr v ph chun cc tiu chun gio dc mt t chc gio dc ca Hoa K, c thc hin bi cc t chc hoc hip hi thm nh. B Gio dc Hoa K nh ngha thm nh l mt v th dnh cho mt trng, cho bit rng trng ang t c mc tiu v p ng cc tiu chun ca hip hi v c nhiu kh nng tip tc m bo c mc tiu trong tng lai. Advanced placement/advanced standing (Hc vt cp): L vic b qua mt s mn hc thng bt buc i vi mt sinh vin i hc cn c vo qu trnh hc tp trc ca sinh vin. Associate degree (Bng i cng): Vn bng c cp sau khi hon thnh hai nm hc, c th l "chun" (i vi hc ngh) hoc "chuyn tip" (i vi hai nm u ca sinh vin ly bng c nhn).

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Asynchronous (Khng ng thi): Thut ng c dng m t kiu o to t xa theo sinh vin c th nhn bi ging bt k u v bt k lc no h mun, chng no h vn truy cp c Internet, hoc trong trng hp hc qua th, c chuyn qua bu in. Xem Synchronous. Audit (Hc d thnh): C tham gia nghe ging nhng khng c im hoc tn ch ly bng. Baccalaureate degree (Bng c nhn): Bng c cp cho sinh vin tt nghip cc trng cao ng v i hc ca Hoa K. Bachelors degree (Bng c nhn): Vn bng m mt trng i hc cp cho sinh vin khi hon thnh mt s lng tn ch nht nh trong cc mn hc. Thng thng phi mt 4 nm ly bng c nhn v y l iu kin tin quyt theo hc chng trnh sau i hc. Campus (Khun vin trng/Khu hc x): Khu vc ni c cc ta nh ca trng cao ng hoc i hc. Certificate of Eligibility (Giy chng nhn iu kin): Mt vn bn ca Chnh ph Hoa K do mt trng i hc cp cho sinh vin c nhn hc gip sinh vin xin th thc vo Hoa K. Class rank (Xp hng hc tp): Mt con s hoc t l cho bit v tr ca sinh vin trong bng thnh tch hc tp ca lp hc. Sinh vin xp th nht trong mt lp c 100 sinh vin s c xp hng l 1/100. Xp hng hc tp cn c th c th hin bng phn trm. College (Trng i hc n ngnh): Mt trng o to cp i hc. Theo mt ngha khc, trng i hc n ngnh l mt b phn ca mt trng i hc tng hp, v d Trng Kinh doanh. College catalog (Ti liu gii thiu v trng i hc): Mt n phm chnh thc cung cp thng tin v cc chng trnh o to, c s ging dy, thng tin v yu cu nhp hc v cuc sng ca sinh vin.

Community, technical, junior college (Trng cao ng cng ng, k thut, i hc i cng): C s gio dc sau trung hc thc hin cc chng trnh o to c thi gian ti a l hai nm, bao gm chng trnh cp bng i cng v khoa hc x hi v t nhin (A.A. hoc A.S.). Courses (Kha hc): Lp hc thng k ko di t mt n nm gi (hoc lu hn) mi tun trong mt nm hc. Mt chng trnh cp bng bao gm nhiu kha hc bt buc v t chn v thng khc nhau gia cc trng i hc. Credits (Tn ch): n v m cc trng s dng ghi nhn vic hon thnh cc kha hc (vi cc im vt v im u) bt buc ly bng tt nghip. Ti liu gii thiu ca cc trng xc nh s lng v loi tn ch bt buc ly bng i hc v cho bit gi tr v tn ch ca mi kha hc xt v gi tn ch hoc n v tn ch. Degree (Vn bng): Chng ch hoc danh hiu m mt trng cao ng, i hc hoc trng chuyn ngnh cp khi sinh vin hon thnh mt chng trnh hc theo quy nh. Department (Khoa): Mt b phn hnh chnh ca mt trng, trng cao ng hoc i hc, ging dy mt mn hc nht nh (v d, khoa Anh ng hoc khoa S). Distance education (Hc t xa): Hnh thc hc chnh quy theo sinh vin v ging vin khng cng mt ni ti cng mt thi im. Doctorate (Hc v tin s, v d Ph.D.): L loi vn bng cao cp nht m mt trng i hc cp cho cc sinh vin khi hon thnh chng trnh o to t nht l ba nm sau khi ly bng c nhn hoc thc s v khi sinh vin chng t kh nng hc tp nghin cu trong cc cuc thi vn p, vit v qua nghin cu c bn c trnh by di hnh thc mt bn lun vn. Dormitories (K tc x): Khu nh dnh cho sinh vin ti khu hc ng ca mt trng cao ng hoc i hc.

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Faculty (i ng ging vin): Tp th gio vin v i khi bao gm c nhn vin hnh chnh ca mt c s o to. Fees (L ph): Mt s tin m cc trng thu ngoi tin hc ph, trang tri cho cc dch v m trng cung cp. Fellowship (Hc bng): Khon tin h tr ti chnh cho sinh vin, thng dnh cho sinh vin cao hc. Financial aids (Tr gip ti chnh): Mt thut ng chung ch tt c cc loi tin, tin vay, tin cng cho vic lm ngoi gi dnh cho sinh vin. Foreign student adviser (FSA) (T vn cho sinh vin nc ngoi): Cn gi l t vn sinh vin quc t (ISA). L ngi lm cho mt trng, trng cao ng hoc i hc, c trch nhim cung cp thng tin v hng dn cho sinh vin quc t trong cc lnh vc nh cc quy nh ca Chnh ph Hoa K, th thc, quy nh v hc tp nghin cu, tp qun x hi, ngn ng, cc vn v ti chnh v nh , v mt s vn php l nht nh. Freshman (Sinh vin mi): Sinh vin nm th nht ca trng cao ng hoc i hc. Full-time student (Sinh vin chnh quy): Sinh vin nhp hc ti mt trng v tham gia y cc mn hc. S lng mn hc v gi hc do trng quy nh. Grade (im): Vic nh gi thnh tch hc tp ca sinh vin. Grade point average (GPA) (im trung bnh): Mt h thng nh gi thnh tch hc tp da trn im trung bnh c tnh bng cch nhn im ca tng mn hc vi s gi theo hc trnh. Grading System (H thng cho im): Cc trng trung hc, cao ng v i hc Hoa K thng dng cch cho im bng cc ch ci t A n D th hin cht lng hc tp ca mt sinh vin. Graduate (Sinh vin tt nghip): Sinh vin hon thnh mt kha hc cp trung hc hoc cao ng. Mt chng trnh sau i hc ca trng i hc l mt kha hc cho sinh vin c bng c nhn.

High school (Trng trung hc): Cp hc ko di ba hoc bn nm cui ca h gio dc 12 nm Hoa K. Intensive English Program (IEP) (Chng trnh hc ting Anh cp tc): Mt loi chng trnh hc ting Anh, thng gm 20 n 30 gi hc trn lp mi tun. International student adviser (ISA) (T vn sinh vin quc t): Xem Foreign student adviser. Junior (Sinh vin nm th ba): Sinh vin nm th ba trng trung hc, cao ng hoc i hc. Lecture (Bi ging): Mt phng php dy hc trong cc kha hc trng cao ng v i hc theo mt gio s ging bi trong cc lp hc c t 20 n vi trm sinh vin. Cc bi ging c th c b sung bng cc cuc tho lun nh k theo nhm nh di s hng dn ca cc gio vin tr ging. Maintenance (Sinh hot ph): Chi ph cho cuc sng sinh vin trng cao ng hoc i hc, bao gm n, , sch v, qun o, git l, i li v chi ph khc. Major (Mn chuyn ngnh): Mt ch hoc lnh vc hc tp m sinh vin tp trung chuyn su. Sinh vin i hc thng chn mt chuyn ngnh sau hai nm hc i cng. Minor (Mn hc ph): Mt ch hoc lnh vc hc tp m sinh vin dnh thi gian t hn so vi mn chuyn ngnh. Nonresident student (Sinh vin khng l c dn ca bang): Mt sinh vin khng p ng cc yu cu c tr lu di mt bang. Hc ph v quy nh i vi sinh vin l c dn v khng l c dn ca bang c th khc nhau. Sinh vin quc t khng c coi l c dn, v hu nh khng c kh nng sau ny chuyn thnh c dn v mc ch hc ph. Notarization (Cng chng): Vic chng nhn mt vn bn, tuyn b hoc ch k l xc thc v ng bi cng chc nh nc - Hoa K gi l cng chng vin. Ngi xin hc nc ngoi cn cng chng hoc xc nhn cc giy t lin quan theo ng hng dn.

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Placement test (Kim tra phn lp): Mt cuc kim tra dng nh gi kh nng hc tp ca sinh vin trong mt lnh vc nht nh xp h vo cc kha hc ph hp trong lnh vc . Prerequisite (Chng trnh bt buc): Chng trnh hoc kha hc m mt sinh vin phi hon thnh trc khi c php nhp hc mt chng trnh hoc kha hc cao hn. Quarter (Hc k): Khong thi gian hc tp ko di t 10 n 12 tun. Quiz (Kim tra ngn): Bi kim tra vn p hoc vit ngn, t khi c gi tr chnh thc. Recommendation, Letter of (Th gii thiu): Mt gio s hoc ngi s dng lao ng bit r v tnh cch v cng vic ca ngi xin hc s vit mt bc th cao nng lc ca ngi . Cn gi l "personal recommendation", "personal endorsement" hoc "personal reference". Registration (ng k): L th tc m sinh vin la chn v nhp hc cc kha hc c t chc trong mt hc k. Scholarship (Hc bng): S tin tr gip ti chnh cho sinh vin i hc, c th di hnh thc khng thu hc ph v/hoc l ph. Semester (Hc k): Khong thi gian hc t 15 n 16 tun, thng ko di mt na nm hc. Seminar (Hi tho): Mt hnh thc ging bi theo nhm nh, kt hp nghin cu c lp v tho lun trn lp di s hng dn ca mt gio s. Thng dnh cho sinh vin i hc sp tt nghip v sinh vin cao hc. Senior (Sinh vin sp tt nghip): Ngi hc nm th t bc trung hc, cao ng hoc i hc. Social Security Number (SSN) (S an sinh x hi): S th do Chnh ph Hoa K cp cho ngi i lm khu tr tin lng. Nhiu trng s dng s th an sinh x hi lm s sinh vin.

Sophomore (Sinh vin nm th hai): Sinh vin nm th hai trng trung hc, cao ng hoc i hc. Special student (Sinh vin c bit): Mt sinh vin cao ng hoc i hc khng nhp hc ly bng. Synchronous (ng thi): Thut ng dng ch kiu hc t xa theo bi ging c thc hin ti mt thi im nht nh, v thng thng cc a im c th. Xem thm Asynchronous. Syllabus (Chng trnh hc): Mt bn cng v cc ch s hc trong mt kha hc. Test (Kim tra): Bt k phng php no nh gi kin thc ca mt sinh vin. Transcript (Bng im): Mt bn sao c chng nhn kt qu hc tp ca mt sinh vin, trn c ghi tn kha hc, s hc trnh tch lu v im thi mi mn hc. Transfer (Chuyn tip): Quy trnh chuyn t mt trng i hc sang mt trng i hc khc hon thnh vic hc ly bng. Trimester (Hc k): Khong thi gian hc tp ko di gn 16 tun trong mt nm hc c chia thnh ba k bng nhau. Tuition (Hc ph): Khon tin m mt trng thu ca sinh vin cho vic ging dy v o to (Tin hc khng bao gm tin sch v hoc vt dng). Undergraduate studies (i hc): Cc chng trnh hai hoc bn nm trng cao ng hoc i hc sau khi tt nghip trung hc, nhm mc ch ly bng i cng hoc c nhn. University (Trng i hc): Mt c s ln o to sau trung hc c cung cp cc chng trnh hc c bc i hc v sau i hc. Vocational schools (Trng dy ngh): Cc trng dy sinh vin cc ngh bn chuyn nghip hoc k thut.

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Ellen Badger, Gim c Ban hc gi v sinh vin Quc t, i hc Binghamton (SUNY), New York. Juleann Fallgatter, Bin tp t The Advising Quarterly, v Gim c Ban Kim tra v T vn, AMIDEAST. Nancy Gong, Cu iu phi vin ca Qu trao i M-Indonesia, Ban T vn Gio dc, Jakarta, Indonesia. Sandarshi Gunawardena, cu T vn Gio dc, y ban Fulbright MSri Lanka, Colombo, Sri Lanka. Linda Heaney, Ch tch Ban Gio dc Linden, Washington, D.C. Lia Hutton, Ph Tng bin tp t The Advising Quarterly, AMIDEAST. Nancy Keteku, iu phi vin T vn Gio dc khu vc chu Phi, B Ngoi giao Hoa K. T Maria Lesser, cu iu phi vin vn Gio dc khu vc

Mexico/Caribbe, B Ngoi giao Hoa K. Amy Lezberg, Trung tm Thng tin Gio dc Cao hc New England, i hc Massachusetts, Trng Cao ng Gio dc, Boston. Martyn J. Miller, Gio c Vn phng cc Dch v Quc t, i hc Temple, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. Terhi Molsa, Ph Gim c Trung tm Fulbright, Helsinki, Phn Lan. Sohair Saad, Gim c Trung tm Ti nguyn Gio dc, AMIDEAST, Cairo, Ai Cp. Jaylene Sarrasino, Lut s v s hu tr tu v C vn Internet, Washington, D.C. Ngoi ra, B Ngoi giao Hoa K cng xin trn trng cm n trng i hc Denver (www.du.edu) ti tr cho hnh nh minh ha trang ba v qung co ca tp sch.

Li cm n
B sch 4 quyn vi nhan Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K do Ban Thng tin v T liu Gio dc, B Ngoi giao Hoa K pht hnh. B sch ny cng c th c tm thy trang web: http://educationusa.state.gov. B Ngoi giao Hoa K xin gi chn thnh gi li cm n ti cc c nhn sau, nhng ngi ng gp thi gian, chuyn mn v n lc ca mnh cho quyn sch Nu bn mun du hc Hoa K vi t cch l nhng cng s tch cc trong y ban T vn Hoa K:
Evelyn Levinson, iu phi vin D n; Chuyn gia tham gia o to, Phi on ca USAID khu vc B Ty v Di Gaza; C vn Gio dc Quc t; Cu Gim c Trung tm Thng tin Gio dc, Qu Gio dc Israel-Hoa K, Tel Avil, Israel. Louise Cook, Tr l iu phi vin d n/Bin tp, iu phi v vit bi cho Cun 1; Cu Gim c, Dch v T vn Gio dc, y ban Fulbright Anh-M, London; Hin l Gim c Trung tm Kaplan, London. Diana Lopez, iu phi vin v vit bi cho Cun 2; Gim c Phng Tip nhn v H s, i hc Tennessee, Knoxville. Roberta Paola, iu phi vin v vit bi cho Cun 3; C vn Gio dc/Cn b d n c bit cho Nam Phi, Tng Lnh s qun Hoa K Durban, Nam Phi. Gaston Lacombe, iu phi vin v vit bi cho Cun 4, iu phi Chng trnh, Qu Soros ca Latvia, Trung tm T vn Gio dc Ruskaup. ng thi B Ngoi giao Hoa K cng xin cm n cc tc gi, nh bin tp, cc c gi v cc nh t vn sau: Kathleen Alam, iu phi vin T vn Gio dc khu vc Nam , B Ngoi giao Hoa K.

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v xin hc cc trng i hc Hoa K, hy xem Tp 1 v 2 ca b

t3 Nonresident student (Sinh vin khng l c dn ca bang): Mt sinh vin khng p ng cc yu cu c tr lu di mt bang. Hc ph v quy nh i vi sinh vin l c dn v khng l c dn ca bang c th khc nhau. Sinh vin quc t khng c coi l c dn, v hu nh khng c kh nng sau ny chuyn thnh c dn v mc ch hc ph.

o to k thut v dy ngh i hi hc vin phi hc cc khi nim, l thuyt v thit k, cng vi cc k nng thc hnh. Cc chng trnh ny c ti cc trng cao ng cng ng v trng dy ngh hai nm v cng c th c ti mt s cc trng cao ng v i hc. Xin c Tp 1 ca b sch ny nhan Hc i hc c thm thng tin v cc trng trung cp, cao ng v i hc.

Ch c nhng t chc do B Ngoi giao Hoa K cho php v cp chng nhn t cch (Mu DS-2019) mi c th qun l nhng chng trnh ny. Chng nhn ny cho php nhng ngi tham gia chng trnh xin cp th thc trao i J-1 ti i s qun hay Lnh s qun ca Hoa K. Th thc J-1 cho php ngi tham gia chng trnh c lm vic hp php ti Hoa K trong mt khong thi gian nht nh. Khng nn nhm ln loi th thc J-1 ny vi mt loi th thc J-1 khc cp cho sinh vin theo hc cc chng trnh c cp bng hay cc chng trnh trao i sinh vin vi trng i hc Hoa K (xem Tp 1 v 2 trong b sch ny c thm thng tin v vic hc ly bng Hoa K). Bn s khng th hc nhng chng trnh hc chnh qui khi bn ang tham gia chng trnh trao i ngh nghip. Cc thng tin chi tit hn v chng trnh th thc J-1 cho cc chng trnh trao i khch v trng tr c trn trang Web http://exchanges.state.gov.

Li nh xut bn

Li nh xut bn

Department (Khoa): Mt b phn hnh chnh ca mt trng, trng cao ng hoc i hc, ging dy mt mn hc nht nh (v d, khoa Anh ng hoc khoa S).

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