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B QUC PHNG

TNG CNG TY VIN THNG QUN I

TNG QUAN THIT B BTS ALCATEL, CC S


C THNG GP TI TRM
( Dnh cho nhn vin lp t, nghim thu, vn hnh, CTT v ti u )
LU HNH NI B

H NI, 5 - 2008
1

B QUC PHNG

TNG CNG TY VIN THNG QUN I

TNG QUAN THIT B BTS ALCATEL, CC S


C THNG GP TI TRM
( Dnh cho nhn vin lp t, nghim thu, vn hnh, CTT v ti u )
LU HNH NI B

TRUNG TM
K THUT VIN THNG H CH MINH

PHNG K THUT-TCT

TRUNG TM O TO VIETTEL

H NI, 5 - 2008
2

MC LC
Mt s thut ng vit tt...........................................................................................................
Li m u ...............................................................................................................................
Chng 1:
I
II
1
2
3
4
5
6
III
1
2
IV
V
Chng 2:
I
1
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
3
4
4.1
4.2
II
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Chng 3:
I
1
1.1
1.2

Tng quan mng di ng VIETTEL.............................................................


Mng hin ti
Mng li...
Tng i GMSC ..
H thng chuyn giao bo hiu STP ...
Tng i MSC
H thng c s d liu thu bao HLR.
Trung tm nhn thc AuC v b ghi nhn dng thit b EIR
H thng IN v cc h thng VAS .
Mng v tuyn .
H thng qun l trm gc BSC ..
Trm thu pht v tuyn BTS ...
Cc dch v cung cp ..
Tin n mng th h mi NGN.
Cu trc, chc nng, cc s c thng gp ca thit b thu pht v tuyn
BTS Alcatel Viettel ang s dng ...............................................................
Cc thnh phn c bn trong thit b BTS Alcatel ................................................
SUMA ...................................................................................................................
TRE .......................................................................................................................
TRED ....................................................................................................................
TREA ...................................................................................................................
TREP .....................................................................................................................
ANC.......................................................................................................................
Nguyn l hot ng ca BTS ..............................................................................
Kt ni cc lung thng tin trong cc khi chc nng ca thit b BTS Alctel ....
Nguyn l hot ng ca BTS ..............................................................................
Cc s c thng gp trong thit b BTS Alcatel .................................................

5
6
7
7
8
8
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9
9
9
10
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10
11
11
11
13

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13
14
15
16
16
16
18
18
18
21
Alarm clck fault [1,12]. 21
Config fault [1,246]...................................................................................... 22
Alarm PCM-SYNC-AL[1,23]..................................................................... 23
Alarm LOSS OF TWIN CONFIG[2,1] 24
WRONG-CONFIGURATION (TRE)[3,14] 25
HW-FAILURE (TRE) [10,239] .. 26
Alarm TX-RX ............................................................................ 28
Cc s c v thit b ngun, thit b viba thng gp ti trm BTS Alcatel 32
pha nam........................................................................................................
Cc s c ngun thng gp ...........................................................................
32
Li mt ngun AC...........................................................................................
32
Hin tng........................................................................................................
32
Nguyn nhn....................................................................................................
32
3

1.3
2
2.1
2.2
2.3
3

Cch khc phc......................................................................................................


Li cnh bo qu ti ..............................................................................................
Hin tng .............................................................................................................
Nguyn nhn .........................................................................................................
Cch khc phc .....................................................................................................
Li bo v qu p, thp p, qu nhit, hng qut hoc li bn trong modul
rectifier ..................................................................................................................
Hin tng .............................................................................................................
Nguyn nhn .........................................................................................................
Cch khc phc .....................................................................................................
Hng cu ch ti, cu ch acquy..............................................................................
Hin tng..............................................................................................................
Nguyn nhn .........................................................................................................
Cch khc phc......................................................................................................
Bo v thp p ti, acquy ......................................................................................
Hin tng..............................................................................................................
Nguyn nhn..........................................................................................................
Cch khc phc ....................................................................................................
S c vi ba Alcatel thng gp .............................................................................
Cable Alarm (1):....................................................................................................
Air Alarm(2):..........................................................................................................
Power Alarm(3). ....................................................................................................
SKU Alarm: ..........................................................................................................
Maintenance Alarm(5)...........................................................................................
Link adentify code Alarm (6): ..............................................................................
Transmitter missing alarm (7): ..............................................................................
Tx synthesizer alarm (8): .......................................................................................
Amplifier alarm (9): ..............................................................................................
Output power alarm(10): .......................................................................................
RF synthetizer alarm (11): .....................................................................................
Unit missing Alarm(12): .......................................................................................
General alarm (13): ...............................................................................................
Configuration Error Alarm(14)..............................................................................
BB loop Alarm(15): ..............................................................................................
Carrier unlocked alarm(16): ..................................................................................
Early warning alarm(17): ......................................................................................
Low ber alarm(18): ...............................................................................................
Rx synthesizer alarm (19): ....................................................................................

3.1
3.2
3.3
4
4.1
4.2
4.3
5
5.1
5.2
5.3
II
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20 Receive power alarm(20): ...................................................................................
Ngn hng cu hi ...................................................................................................................
1 Cu hi...................................................................................................................
2 Tr li.................................... ................................................................................

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35
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45
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48
49
49
51

MT S THUT NG VIT TT
Ch
vit tt

Thut ng ting Anh

Ting Vit tng ng

ADM
AUC
BGM
BSC
BSSAP
BTS
CAP
CRBT
DWDM
EIR
GGSN
GMSC

Add/Drop Multiplexer
Authentication Center
Backgroud Music
Base Station Controller
Base Station System Application Part
Base Transceiver Station
CAMEL Application Part
Colour Ringback Tone
Dense Wavelength Division
Multiplexing
Equipment Identity Register
Gateway GPRS Support Node
Gateway Mobile Switching Center

GPRS
GSM
HLR
ISUP
MAP
MCA
MSS
MSC
SCCP
SDH
SGSN
SMSC
STM-1
TDM
VLR
VSAT

General Packet Radio Service


Global System of Mobile
Home Location Register
ISDN User Part
Mobile Application Part
Miscall Alert System
Mobile Soft Switch
Mobile Switching Center
Signaling Connection Control Part
Synchronous Digital Hierarchy
Serving GPRS Support Node
Short Message Service Center
Synchronous Transport Module 1
Time Division Multiplexing
Visiter Location Register
Very Small Aperture Terminal

WAP
EIR
SUMA

Wireless Application Part


Equipment Identification register
Station Unit Module A

ANC
TRE
EBCB
IDU

Antenna Network Controller


Transceiver Equipment
External BTS control Bus
Indoor Unit

ODU

Outdoor Unit

VSWR
OML

Voltage Standing Wave Ratio


Operation and Maintenance Link

O&M

Operation and Maintenance

B ghp knh xen/r


Trung tm nhn thc
Nhc nn
i iu khin trm gc
Phn ng dng h thng trm gc
Trm thu pht gc
Phn ng dng CAMEL
Nhc chung a m
Ghp knh phn chia theo bc
sng
B ghi nhn dng thit b
Node h tr GPRS cng
Trung tm chuyn mch di ng
cng
Dch v v tuyn chuyn mch gi
H thng di ng ton cu
B ghi dch thng tr
Phn ngi dng ISDN
Phn ng dng di ng
H thng bo cuc gi nh
Chuyn mch mm di ng
Trung tm chuyn mch di ng
Phn iu khin kt ni bo hiu
Phn cp s ng b
Node h tr cung cp GPRS
Trung tm dch v nhn tin
Module chuyn pht ng b - 1
Ghp knh phn chia theo thi gian
B ghi dch tm tr
Dng c o khu rt nh
Thit b v tinh
Phn ng dng khng dy
B ghi nhn dng thit b
Khi iu khin trung tm ca BTS
Alcatel
B iu chnh, kim sot anten
Thit b thu pht
Bus iu khin giao tip bn ngoi
Khi trong nh (thit b viba
Alcatel)
Khi ngoi tri (thit b viba
Alcatel)
T l in p sng di
Link bo hiu cho vn hnh bo
dng trm BTS Alcatel
Trng thi vn hnh bo dng ca
thit b BTS Alcatel
5

LI NI U
Hin nay ang din ra cnh tranh gay gt gia cc nh cung cp dch v vin
thng Vit nam. Bn cnh vic cnh tranh cung cp nhiu loi hnh dch v phong
ph vi gi thnh h cn i hi cht lng dch v ngy cng phi c nng cao.
t c cht lng dch v ngy mt nng cao, mt trong nhng yu t ht sc quan
trng l nng cao cht lng mng vin thng. Ti liuTng quan thit b BTS
ALCATEL, cc s c thng gp ti trm c Trung tm K thut Vin thng H
Ch Minh bin son gip cho nhn vin lp t, nghim thu, vn hnh, ng cu thng
tin v ti u ti khu vc 3 nng cao trnh k thut v cht lng cng vic c
giao p ng yu cu cht lng ngy cng ca mng li. Ti liu bao gm 3
chng :
Chng 1 : Tng quan mng di ng Viettel.
Chng 2: Cu trc, chc nng, cc s c thng gp ca thit b thu pht v
tuyn BTS Alcatel Viettel ang s dng.
Chng 3: Cc s c v thit b ngun, thit b vi ba thng gp ti trm BTS
Alcatel pha nam.
c th c v hiu c ti liu ny, yu cu hc vin phi nm c kin
thc c bn v mng vin thng v l thuyt k thut thng tin di ng, truyn dn.
Ti liu c bin son chc chn khng trnh khi nhng thiu st, v vy rt
mong nhn c kin ng gp v nhng cu hi thc mc ca c gi.
Mi kin ng gp xin gi v:
Trung tm o to Viettel
M1 - An Khnh - Hoi c - H Ty
Tel: 04 265 0291
Fax: 04 265 0174
Emai: daotaoviettel@viettel.com.vn

N V VIT TI LIU

Chng 1
TNG QUAN MNG DI NG VIETTEL
I.

Mng hin ti

Hnh 1-1: S cu trc tng th mng di ng Viettel hin ti


BSC KV1: i iu khin trm gc ca khu vc 1 (min Bc-H Ni)
BSC KV2: i iu khin trm gc ca khu vc 2 (min Trung - Nng)
BSC KV3: i iu khin trm gc ca khu vc 3 (min Nam - tp H Ch Minh)
GPC:
Mng vin thng ca VinaPhone
VMS:
Mng vin thng ca MobilePhone
VTN:
Trung tm Vin thng lin tnh

Hnh 1-2: S cu trc mng di ng Viettel hin ti

Hin nay, mng di ng Viettel dng cng ngh GSM, th h 2,5G c s dng
ph bin trn 180 nc vi hn 700 nh khai thc trn th gii.
Mng di ng Viettel c chia thnh mng li v mng v tuyn.
II. Mng li
1. Tng i GMSC
Tng i GMSC Viettel l tng i softswitch vi dung lng trn 20.000 E1,
ng vai tr l tng i cng :
- C giao din vi cc mng bn ngoi kt ni mng bn ngoi vi mng GSM
Viettel.
Kt ni trc tip vi tng i Toll ca Viettel
Kt ni vi VMS - mng di ng Mobile Phone.
Kt ni vi GPC - mng di ng VinaPhone.
Kt ni vi Sphone - mng di ng ca SPT.
Kt ni vi EVN - mng di ng ca EVN
Kt ni vi HT - mng di ng ca H Ni Telecom.
Kt ni vi VTN - mng PSTN lin tnh ca VNPT.
Kt ni vi Tandem ca Bu in (H Ni, HCM).
8

Giao din kt ni lu lng ngoi mng l cc lung E1 hoc STM1. Bo hiu s


7 s dng cc giao thc ISUP cho thoi v giao thc MAP cho SMS.
-

Kt ni trc tip vi cc tng i cng GMSC khc trong mng.


Kt ni trc tip vi cc tng i MSC, MSS (softswitch), vi h thng CRBT.
Giao din kt ni l cc lung E1 hoc STM1. Cc giao din ny s dng bo
hiu s 7, giao din gia GMSC vi MSC s dng giao thc: ISUP, SCCP, MAP,
CAP.
2. H thng chuyn giao bo hiu STP
Gm 3 cp 3 vng: H Ni, Nng, TP. H Ch Minh.
C chc nng chuyn giao bo hiu, h tr tt c cc giao thc bo hiu s 7
ISUP, SCCP, MAP, CAP, TCAPtrn nn TDM v IP trong mng di ng, h tr
cc link bo hiu LSL (64kb/s), HSL (2Mb/s); Singtran: M3UA, M2PA.
Kt ni vi cc h thng GMSC, MSC, MSS, HLR, SMSC, IN, STP khc, lm
cu ni bo hiu cho cc h thng trn. Mc ch qun l tp trung bo hiu c kh
nng gim st, tracing, screening, mt cch d dng cc bn tin bo hiu ca mng.
3. Tng i MSC
MSC lm chc nng chuyn mch, thit lp iu khin cuc gi. Gm trn 40
tng i MSC kt ni vi dung lng trn 20 triu thu bao c t ti 3 trung tm l
H Ni, tp.H Ch Minh v Nng. Kt ni trc tip vi cc GMSC v cc BSC ti
mi vng.
Cc MSC trn c giao din vi GMSC v cc BSC, giao din kt ni bng cc
lung E1 v STM1. Giao din bo hiu vi GMSC s dng bo hiu s 7 giao thc
SCCP, ISUP, MAP, CAP. Giao din bo hiu vi BSC s dng giao thc BSSAP.
4. H thng c s d liu thu bao
HLR:Trung tm qun l ng k d liu thu bao, ni m nhng thu bao di
ng c to ra, c tch ra, c cm hoc c xa i bi ngi iu hnh.
VLR(Visitor Location Register):
Trong thi gian MS cp nht v tr, d liu thu bao c chuyn t HLR ti
VLR hin ti. D liu ny c lu tr trong VLR trong sut thi gian m MS di
chuyn trong vng ny. VLR s cung cp d liu cho thu bao bt k lc no n cn
cho vic x l mt cuc gi. Nu mt thu bao di ng di chuyn n vng phc v
VLR khc th mt cp nht v tr xy ra ln na, VLR mi yu cu d liu thu bao t
HLR chu trch nhim v thu bao di ng
5.
Trung tm nhn thc AuC (Authencation Centre) v b ghi nhn dng
thit b EIR(Equipment Identification register):
Mt thu bao mun truy cp mng, VLR kim tra Sim card ca n c c
chp nhn hay khng, ngha l n thc hin mt s nhn thc. VLR s dng nhng
thng s nhn thc c gi l nhng b ba, n c to ra mt cch lin tc v ring
bit cho mi thu bao di ng c cung cp bi trung tm nhn thc AuC. AuC c
kt hp vi HLR.
EIR kim tra tnh hp l ca thu bao da trn yu cu c tnh thit b di ng
quc t IMEI t MS sau gi n ti b ghi nhn dng thit b EIR. Trong EIR, IMEI
ca ton b thit b di ng c s dng th phi c phn chia thnh ba danh sch.
Danh sch mu trng: cha thit b di ng c chp nhn.
9

Danh sch mu xm: cha thit b di ng c theo di.


Danh sch mu en: cha thit b di ng khng c chp nhn.
EIR kim tra IMEI c thch hp vo mt trong ba danh sch hay khng v
chuyn kt qu ti MSC.
6. H thng IN v cc h thng VAS
IN (Intelligent network): X l iu khin cc cuc gi ca thu bao tr trc
Prepaid; Lu tr thng tin ti khon ca thu bao tr trc.
- SMSC (Short Message Service Center): Trung tm dch v tin nhn: X l iu
khin nhn SMS t thu bao v phn phi SMS ti thu bao nhn.
MCA (Miscall Alert System): H thng cnh bo cuc gi nh.
CRBT (Colour Ringback Tone): H thng nhc chung ch.
BGM (Backgroud Music): H thng nhc nn.
GPRS (General Packet Radio Service 2.5G): 172Kb/s (EDGE 2.75G: 384Kb/s):
MFS, SGSN, GGSN
III. Mng v tuyn
Hin ti mng di ng Viettel dng cng ngh GSM 2.5G s dng di tn 900
v 1800MHz.
GSM s dng phng thc song cng FDD (Frequency Division Duplexing),
trong ng ln v ng xung ca mi knh hot ng hai di bng tn s
khc nhau:
GSM 900 s dng: 890 915 MHz cho ng ln
935 960MHz cho ng xung
Khong cch gia cc sng mang l 200kHz. C 124 knh mi ng ln v ng
xung, khong cch gia hai sng thu v pht l 45MHz. Tn s sng mang ng
xung v ng ln c xc nh nh sau:
Tn s ng ln: Fu(n) = 890 + 0.2n (MHz) (1 <= n <= 124)
Tn s ng xung: Fd(n) = Fu(n) + 45 (MHz)
GSM 1800 s dng: 1710 1785 cho ng ln
1805 1880 cho ng xung.
Khong cch gia cc sng mang l 200kHz, nh GSM 900. C 374 knh mi
ng ln v ng xung, khong cch gia hai sng thu v pht l 95MHz. Tn s
sng mang ng xung v ng ln c xc nh nh sau:
Tn s ng ln: Fu(n) = 1710.2 + 0.2(n- 512) (MHz)
Tn s ng xung: Fd(n) = Fu(n) +95 (MHz)
-

Hin Viettel ang c cp 2 gii bng tn:


Bng tn 900: T tn s 42 n 83
Bng tn 1800: T tn s 711 n 811
Ngai ra mng v tuyn Viettel s dng cc k thut tin tin tng dung
lng mng, cht lng ph sng nh k thut nhy tn, half-rate Ton mng gm
trn 120 BSC qun l trn 8000 trm BTS.
1. H thng qun l trm gc BSC
BSC: c t ti 3 trung tm ln :H Ni, HCM, Nng
10

B iu khin trm gc BSC cung cp nhng chc nng thng minh iu khin
mi hot ng, qun l ton b ti nguyn v tuyn ca h thng trm gc (BSS), .
Mt BSC c th iu khin nhiu BTS. N phn phi s kt ni cc knh lu lng
(Traffic channel) t h thng chuyn mch ti cc cell v tuyn BTS, ngoi ra n cn
thc hin qu trnh chuyn giao cng vi MSC.
2. BTS
BTS l trm thu pht sng v tuyn c thit lp ti tm ca mi t bo, n
thng tin n cc MS thng qua giao din v tuyn Um, ngha l n cung cp nhng
kt ni v tuyn gia MS v BTS.
BTS c xc nh bng cc thng s m t nh kh nng truyn dn, tn ca
cell, bng tn v tuyn
IV. Cc dch v cung cp
Cc dch v c bn v cc dch v gi tr gia tng m mng ang cung cp:
Cc dch v c bn:
Thoi
Hin th s gi n
Nhn tin ngn
Gi cuc gi
Ch cuc gi
Chn cuc gi n v i
Chuyn cuc gi
Hp th thoi
Truyn Fax, d liu
Gi hi ngh
Cc s in thoi khn cp
Cc dch v gi tr gia tng
Dch v thng bo cuc gi nh MCA.
Dch v Colour Ring
Dch v thanh ton cc tr sau bng th ATM
Dch v Call Me Back
Dch v ng tin
Dch v thanh ton cc tr sau bng th np tin tr trc (Pay 199)
Dch v GPRS: MMS, Email, WAP, Ti nhc chung a m, m thanh thc,
hnh nn, games,mn hnh ch,... qua GPRS.
V. Tin n mng th h mi (NGN)
H thng NGN Mobile c kin trc phn lp, gm lp truy nhp, lp chuyn
mch, lp iu khin v lp ng dng. u im c bn ca kin trc mng phn lp l
tip kim v mt truyn dn: cc phn t chuyn mch (Media Gateway - MGw) c
tch ring bit vi lp iu khin MSS v vy vic chuyn mch cuc gi c tnh cht
phn tn. Cc phn t thuc lp iu khin (MSC-Server, HLR, IN...) thng c tp
trung vo mt v tr. y l gii php nhm tp trung iu khin, tit kim in nng,
v gim chi ph vn hnh khai thc mng.
Viettel v ang trin khai cc bc tin n mng NGN Mobile.
trin khai mng bo hiu tp trung STP.
Bc 1: Cc node STP c ni trc tip vi nhau bng cp Ethernet. Cc node
STP c ni vi cc node mng khc bng TDM.
11

Bc 2: Thc hin kt ni bng IP thng qua mng MBPN n tt c cc phn


t mng h tr IP.
Trin khai cc tng i chuyn mch mm (softwitch).
Trin khai mng MPBN: mng trc IP (IP back bone) s dng cng ngh
IP/MPLS, lm nn tng cho lp truyn ti mng NGN.

Hnh 1-3: M hnh a STP vo hot ng


-

D kin vo qu II nm 2008 cc tng i softwitch ny s c kt ni vi


nhau bng IP thng qua mng MPBN, cc tng i ny s hot ng song song vi cc
tng i TDM truyn thng. T s c k hoch c th phn b li thu bao cho
cc tng i ny, u t thm cc tng i softswitch trong trng hp tng trng
thu bao (khng u t tng i c) v pht trin nhiu dch v mi cho cc thu bao
chy trn nn IP.

12

Chng 2
CU TRC, CHC NNG, CC S C THNG GP CA THIT B
THU PHT V TUYN BTS ALCATEL VIETTEL ANG S DNG
I.Cc thnh phn c bn trong thit b BTS Alcatel
Thit b BTS Alcatel gm 3 thnh phn chnh : SUMA, TRE, ANC.
1.SUMA
SUMA: l khi trung tm ca mt BTS, mt BTS ch c mt SUMA bt k s
sector v TRX l bao nhiu. C 3 thnh phn chnh trong SUMA l khi CLOCK,
khi Transmsision, khi OMU.
Trng thi Led ca card SUMA:
SUMA
LED

ABIS 1

COLOR

STATUS

DECRIPTION
Trng thi ca link Abis 1 (Trans & Clock)
ON
Abis 1 c configure (OK)
YELLOW BLINKING Abis 1 b li
OFF

Abis 1 khng c configure hoc


khng c s dng
Trng thi O&M ca khi OMU

ON
O&M

YELLOW

Trng thi hot ng

Trng thi tm thi trc khi t


BLINKING ti trng thi hot ng
OFF

Khng c s dng ( No operating)


Trng thi ca link OML
ON
Link c kt ni
OML YELLOW
BLINKING Link ang c kt ni
OFF
Link khng c kt ni
Trng thi cnh bo v fn Trans & Clock
ON
Li nghim trng
RED
FAULT
BLINKING Li khng nghim trng
OFF
Khng c li
Trng thai ngun
GREEN ON
PWR
OK
OFF
NOK
Bng 2-1: Trng thi Led ca SUMA

Nhng chc nng chnh ca SUMA:


Qun l link truyn dn Abis (ln n 2 giao din Abis): l giao din u ni
lin kt vi BSC, tch ghp cc d liu trn giao din Abis (Chiu t BSC n BTS th
13

tch cc d liu trn ng PCM cho cc khi chc nng chuyn bit trong BTS x l
nh d liu TCH, RSL, OML, Qmux v ngc li) thuc khi Transmission m
nhim
To xung ng b cho tt c cc modul BTS, cc xung ng b ny c th c
ng b t mt ng h ng b tham chiu bn ngoi: Abis link, GPS, BTS khc;
hoc c th t ng b t chnh BTS, tn hiu ng b ny c to bi mt b dao
ng ni trong SUMA thuc khi CLOCK m nhim
Thc hin chng nng qun l gim st li, vn hnh v bo dng cho BTS:
cho php ngi vn hnh khai thc c th tc ng t xa (t OMCR) hoc truy nhp
trc tip vo BTS thc hin mt s lnh c bn, l ni qun l c s d liu,
inventory data ca trm, l ni qun l v chuyn tip cc thng tin v Alarm ca thit
b BTS ti trm v OMCR thuc khi OMU m nhim
i vi thit b outdoor SUMA cn qun l v iu khin ch np cho
acquy, iu khin vic cung cp ngun cho cc khi thit bi trong t BTS (nh auto
lock bt cc TRE duy tr ngun acquy cung cp cho trm) thuc khi AC/DC
m nhim
K I E N T R U C C A C K H O I C H C N A N G C U A H E
T H O N G B T S

S U M

A b is

C L O C K

T
R
A
N
S

T R E

A N

O M U

B T S -T E

Hnh 2- 1 : S cu trc ca SUMA, BTS

2.TRE
TRE l b pht p, y l khi chu trch nhim ch yu v qu trnh x l
thoi nh l iu ch, gii iu ch; nh dng, gii nh dng cm, m ha, gii m
ho knh v gii m ha thoi
Trng thi Led ca card TRE:
TRE

RSL

YELLOW

TX

YELLOW

ON
BLINKING
OFF
ON

Trng thi ca link RSL


Link c kt ni
Link ang c kt ni
Link khng c kt ni
Trng thi pht of TRE (not BCCH)
Pht trn knh SDCCH, CBCH or TCH
14

BLINKING
OFF

OP

YELLOW

BCCH

YELLOW

FAULT

RED

PWR

GREEN

ang pht (khng ti)


TRE khng pht
Trng thi hot ng ca TRE
ON
ang trng thi hot ng
BLINKING
ang trng thi kch hot
OFF
Trng thi khng hot ng
Trng thi knh BCCH
ON
TRE c pht BCCH
OFF
TRE khng pht BCCH
Trng thi cnh bo
ON
Li nghim trng
BLINKING
Li khng nghim trng
OFF
Khng c li
Trng thi ngun
ON
OK
OFF
NOK
Bng 2-2: Trng thi Led ca TRE

CAU TRUC CUA TRE


BCB
BSII

PSWITCH
LEDS
DEBUG

TRED

CLKI

RCD CUI
RFI

TREA

PSI

TREP

I2CA

Hnh 2-2 : S cu trc ca TRE

Mi Modul TRE bao gm ba khi chnh: Khi TRE-A(Analog), TRE-D


(Digital), TRE-P (Power)
2.1 . TRED:
H thng TRED chu trch nhim v phn s ca TRE:
15

X l iu khin v bo hiu, n chu trch nhim qun l cc chc nng O&M


ca TRE.
Ghp knh, nhy tn, mt m v gii mt m.
M ho, gii iu ch (DEM).
M ho v pht (ENCT).
Giao din kt cui BCB.
2.2 . TREA:
iu ch
iu khin v bin i cao tn phn pht (TXRFCC).
ng b phn pht (TXSYN).
Bin i trung tn phn thu (RXIF).
ng b phn thu (RXSYN).
Gii iu ch trung tn (ISD).
2.3.TREP:
Cung cp phn phi ngun cho cc phn t trong TRE (DC/DC)
3. ANC
Chc nng chnh ca khi ANC l khuch i tn hiu thu c t MS, kt hp
c hai hng thu v pht trn cng mt antenna, kt hp 2 hoc nhiu b thu pht
pht trn cng mt ng, tch v chuyn cc tn hiu thu n cc b pht p.
Trng thi Led ca card ANC:
ANC
LED

COLOR

VSWR

YELLOW

ALARM

Y/R

O&M

Y/R

STATUS

DECRIPTION
Trng thi VSWR ca antenna
ON
VSWR tt
Slow Blinking
Cnh bo VSWR mc thp
Fast Blinking
Cnh bo VSWR mc cao
OFF
VSWR khng c gim st
Trng thi cnh bo
Yellow ON
Trng thi bnh thng
Red ON
Li nghim trng
Red Blinking
Li khng nghim trng
OFF
Khng c ngun hin hu hoc LED hng
Trng thi O&M
Yellow ON
ANC ang trng thi hot ng
Red ON
Khng c s dng (ch active khi test LED
OFF
ANC khng trng thi hot ng
Bng 2-3: Trng thi Led ca ANC

16

C A U T R U C A N C

ANTA

D u p le x e r

F ilte r

W BC

B r id g e

TX RX RXd

TRE 1

ANTB

D u p le x e r

F ilte r

F ilte r

LNA

LNA

S p lite r

S p lite r

S p lite r

S p lite r

TX RX RXd

TRE 2

S p lite r

F ilte r

S p lite r

W BC

RXd RX TX

RXd RX TX

TRE 3

TRE 4

B r id g e

Hnh 2-3 : S cu trc ca ANC

Thng thng 1 ANC kt ni ti a n 4 my thu-pht, nu mun tng b thu


pht kt ni vo cng 1 ANC th phi gn thm cc b ANY (b ny bao gm cc
WBC v Splitter)
i vi ANC hin Viettel ang s dng c th phn phi tn hiu nhn c t
mi antenna n 4 my thu-pht (thu chnh v thu phn tp)
Modul ny bao gm 2 nhnh cu trc ging nhau, mi cu trc bao gm:
Filter: Lc b tn hiu khng cn thit (cc tn hiu ngoi bng tn c cp
pht).
Duplexer: dng kt hp hai hng pht v thu mt antenna.
LNA: khi ny c chc nng khuch i tn hiu m antenna thu c t MS
ln mc ln cho TRE c th x l c.
Spliter: khi ny c chc nng tch tn hiu thu (t 1 ng thnh 2 ng).
WBC:(Wide band combiner) b ny c chc nng kt hp hai ng pht ca 2
b pht p li vi nhau i trn cng mt ng n b duplexer.
Thc t ta ch dng b ny khi ta dng hn 2 TRX trn cng mt sector, khi qua b
WBC tn hiu s b suy hao l 3.3dBm.

17

4. Nguyn l hot ng ca BTS.


4.1.Kt ni cc lung thng tin trong cc khi chc nng ca thit b BTS ALcatel

Giao tip bn trong BTS c thc hin thng qua cc bus BCB v BSII,
EBCB.
KE
T NO
I BE
N TRONG
BTS
EBCB

B S II 2

T C H /R S L

T R E F W /S W
O & M /T E L E C O M

IS L
A N x FW
IS L

O M L /IO M /IO M-C O N F

BTS
TERM

BSC
A b is

OMU

TRA N S&
CLOCK

IS L
p ilo t

TRE

ANx

B S II 1
IS L

ANy

FA CB
IS L

A C /D C & B A T T E IE S
IS L

Hnh 2-4 : S khi kt ni bn trong ca BTS

EBCB (External BTS control bus) l bus iu khin cnh bo ngoi; cc


cnh bo ngoi nh mt in, iu ho, chy n, m ca c kt ni n SUMA
thng qua EBCB.
BCB(Base Station Control Bus):l Bus iu khin BTS n c kt ni
n tt c cc module trong BTS.
Bus c s dng trao i thng tin gia SUMA v cc module khc. Bus
ny ch s dng cho mc ch vn hnh, gim st v bo dng.
Bus BCB c xc lp hai ch l master (ISL pilot t ti SUMA) v
slave bus (kt cui ti cc modul khc nh ANC, TRE, FAN).
i vi mi module, vic thm vo hay ly ra c kim tra bi vic qut cc
bus iu khin.
BSII :Base Station Internal Interface c s dng mang cc loi
thng tin sau:
TCH (Traffic Channel) l knh lu lng, mi TCH chim mt Nibble
16kbit/s(Full rate), hoc 8kbit/s(harf rate) trong lung PCM 30.
RSL (Radio Signalling Link): Cho php ghp mt vi thng tin trn cng
mt kt ni vt l nh: trn TS 64kbit/s c th mang thng tin v bo hiu, O&M hay
Q_mux (gia TRE v SUMA).
OML (Operation Maintenance Link): Cho php ghp mt vi thng tin
trn cng mt kt ni vt l nh: Trn knh 64kbit/s c th mang thng tin v bo
hiu, O&M hay Q_mux (gia BSC v SUMA).
4.2. Nguyn l hot ng ca BTS
Nguyn l hot ng ca BTS da trn qu trnh x l cc tn hiu m n
nhn c t my di ng(MS) v t BSC.
18

Tn hiu t BSC gi n
Tn hiu t BSC a ti BTS thng qua giao din Abis trn ng
truyn PCM gm c cc tn hiu sau:
Tn hiu thoi TCH (traffic channel).
Tn hiu bo hiu RSL (radio signalling link).
Tn hiu vn hnh bo dng OML (operation maintenance link).
Tn hiu truyn dn Qmux.
Cc tn hiu ny c phn b trn khung PCM nh sau:
ch thng (khng s dng ghp thng k)
TS0

RSL
TCH
TCH

TCH
TCH

TCH
TCH
TS31

TCH
TCH

Hnh 2-5 : Phn b khung PCM

o Trong cu trc khung PCM30 th khe thi gian TS0 c s dng cho
mc ch ng b.
o TS31 c s dng truyn tn hiu OML, Qmux.
o Cc khe thi gian cn li c s dng truyn d liu TCH, tn
hiu RSL.
o Cc khe thi gian trong khung PCM c chia thnh 4 nibble mi
nibble 16Kbps c s dng cho mt knh lu lng TCH.
o Trong khung PCM giao din Abis th mt RSL chim ton b mt
khe thi gian trong khung v s RSL ph thuc vo s TRX m mt BTS c. Tc l s
lng ca RSL s bng s TRX.
o Trong khung PCM cn c tn hiu OML tn hiu ny s dng trong
qu trnh khai thc v bo dng. S lng ng OML s ph thuc vo s BTS.
Mi OML s phc v ch cho mt BTS
Nh vy nu s dng kiu ghp ny th mi TRX s dng 3TS 64kbps, 1
ng PCM ch p ng ti a 10TRX.
S dng ghp thng k 64kbps: tc l thc hin qu trnh ghp 4 RSL
vi 1OML trn cng mt TS 64kbps.
Khi s dng kiu ghp ny th vic n nh cc thng tin vo cc TS ty
thuc vo tng cu hnh tuy nhin n theo xu hng l lm th no hn ch vic
ghp nhiu RSL vo mt TS. N ch s dng ghp 4RSL +1OML khi lu lng trn
lung PCM c s dng ti a.
Cc tn hiu ny u tin c a n khi SUMA (khi Tranmission s m
nim phn ny), sau n a n cc khi chc nng khc s l nh sau:
Tn hiu Qmux (lu gi m im ca trm h thng c th nhn bit
trm) c kt cui ti phn truyn dn, thc hin qu trnh iu khin truyn
dn.Thng tin Qmux c ghp chung vi thng tin OML trn cng mt TS
19

Cc tn hiu v vn hnh bo dng th kt cui ti khi OMU, khi


nhn thng tin O&M, x l v a ra cc lnh lin quan n qu trnh vn hnh bo
dng.
Cc tn hiu v lu lng v bo hiu s c a n khi TRE y
s thc hin qu trnh x l thoi v sau a n ANC, antenna ri pht ra mi
trng v tuyn.
Tn Hiu Thu T My Di ng MS (Mobile Station)

Hnh 2-6 : S tn hiu thu t my di ng MS.


Tn hiu thu c t MS qua antenna ca BTS (thu phn tp m bo tn
hiu tt nht cho TRE x l) v sau c truyn xung khi ANC, khi ny s lc,
khuch i tp m thp(LNA, sau khi c x l khi ANC tn hiu tip tc c
a n khi th hai l khi TRE, y l khi chu trch nhim ch yu v qu
trnh x l thoi nh l gii iu ch, gii nh dng cm, gii m ho knh v gii m
ha thoi. Tn hiu sau c a n khi SUMA ti y n thc hin qu trnh
ghp cc tn hiu cc tn hiu li trn khung PCM, qu trnh ny c thc hin ti
phn truyn dn(transmission) sau qua giao din Abis s gi n BSC.

20

II. Cc s c thng gp trong thit b BTS Alcatel


1. Alarm clck fault [1,12].
t im s c
Loi s c
Nguyn nhn c th
Nguy him ca s c
M t s c

CLCK- FAULT
Thit b
Mt ng b v thi gian.
C th li do chn ng b khng ng.
nh hng cht lng v kh nng phc v BTS.
y c th l li ng b t cc khi sau:FHU,CU(carier
Unit),FU(Frame Unit),RTE(radio test equipment)
C th do thng tin OMU mt d liu lm mt gim st
gy ra li mt ng b CLCK.Nhn vin ti trm phi tin
hnh Initalization li.
Nu khng pht hin 1 trong 2 nguyn nhn m t trn th
phi hp chc ch vi OMC R x l.

NOK
OK

NOK

Hnh 2-7 : Lu hnh ng x l s c Alarm clck

21

2. Config fault [1,246].


t im s c
Loi s c
Nguyn nhn c th

Nguy him ca s c
M t s c

CONFIG-FAULT
Li khi cu hnh thit b.
-Li do cu hnh sai.
-Khi nng cp hay gim cu hnh,hoc tc ng khc xy
ra li
Khng nh hng n thit b,nhng nh hng kh nng
hot ng trm.
Li ny c th lm nh hng n ng b,Nu mc
nng th c th gy ra li CLCK fault.

OK

Hnh 2-8 : Lu hnh ng x l li cu hnh thit b

22

3.Alarm PCM-SYNC-AL[1,23].
t im s c
Loi s c
Nguyn nhn c th
Nguy him ca s c
M t s c

PCM-SYNC-AL
Lung PCM
Lung PCM khng tt,hoc hng SUMA,hoc kt ni
khng tt
C th gy down trm
-C th do lung PCM truyn dn khng tt.
-C th kt ni khng tt
-C th hng SUMA.

NOK

Hnh 2-9 : Lu hnh ng x l s c li ng b lung PCM

23

4.Alarm LOSS OF TWIN CONFIG[2,1].


t im s c
Loi s c
Nguyn nhn c th
Nguy him ca s c
M t s c

LOSS OF TWIN CONFIG


Li d liu cu hnh.
C th li chng trnh phn mm.
Khng nguy him nhiu cho trm,nhng lm cho card
TWIN mt chc nng.
C th trong qu trnh commissioning phn mm li
C th card li khng nhn d liu t phn mm down
load vo.

OK

OK

Hnh 2- 10 : Lu hnh ng x l li d liu cu hnh.

24

5.WRONG-CONFIGURATION (TRE)[3,14]
t im s c
WRONG-CONFIGURATION (TRE).
Li cu hnh TRE
Loi s c
C th li Cu hnh
Nguyn nhn c th
nh hng trc tip ti card ang alarm
Nguy him ca s c
y c th l li sai cc thng s ci t hoc li thit b.
M t s c
C th li khng c ngun vo TRE.

Hnh 2-11: Lu hnh ng x l li cu hnh TRE

25

6.HW-FAILURE (TRE) [10,239]


c tnh s c

HW- FAILURE

Loi s c

Thit b

Nguyn nhn c th

C s c v thit b

Mc nguy him ca cnh Li ny nh hng trc tip ti card ang li v c th gy nh


bo
hng cht lng phc v c Cell.
S cnh bo

1:Li phn cng c pht hin bi auto-test.


2: B chuyn i DC/DC b li.
3,...11,15 l nhng li phn cng bn trong TRE
12: Modul khng c ngun vo
13: Cng tc ngun ca TRE b tt
14:Cnh bo ny ch ra chi tit hn cho cc cnh bo trc .

Alarm so [10,239:1, 12,13]

OK

Hnh 2-12 : Lu hnh ng x l li HW ca TRE

26

Alarm so [10,239:1, 3...11, 15].

Hnh 2-13 : Lu hnh ng x l li HW ca TRE

27

7.ALARM TX-RX.
Alarm RX Cable[10,3].
t im s c
Loi s c
Nguyn nhn c th
Nguy him ca s c
M t s c

Rx-Cable
Li thit b.
Kt ni card li hoc cu hnh li
Anh hng n card alarm v c th anh hng n Cell
Khng c ngun tn hiu vo Rx0 hocRx1 hoc c 2.

Alarm RX-Cable [10,3:1,2,5]

Hnh 2-14 : Lu hnh ng x l li RX-Cable

28

Alarm RX-Cable [10,3:3,4]

Hnh 2-15 : Lu hnh ng x l li RX-Cable

29

Alarm Antenna VSWR-Wawning [10,11]


t im s c
Loi s c
Nguyn nhn c th
Nguy him ca s c
M t s c

Antenna-VSWR-Warning
S c v thit b.
C th do cc u connector khng tt,hoc kt ni cha
tt,c th hng TRE,hoc ANC
nh hng trc tip cht lng trm pht sng
C th xut hin li trn Port A hoc Port B ( mc 1:1,5)
C th xut hin c 2 Port A v B trn mt sector. ( mc
1:1,5)

Hnh ng x l
Cnh bo ny c 2 trng hp xut hin.
-Xut hin BTS master c nhng cnh bo 1,2,3,4,5,6
-Xut hin BTS slave c nhng cnh bo 7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17.
Alarm Antenna-VSWR-Warning [10,11:1,2,3,4,5,6].

Hnh 2-16 : Lu hnh ng x l li Antenna-VSWR-Warning

30

Alarm Antenna-VSWR-Warning [10,11:7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,17]


Cnh bo ny x l tng t nh nhng cnh bo mater nhng thc hin t
BTS Slave.
Alarm Antenna_VSWR-Urgent [10,12]
t im s c
Loi s c
Nguyn nhn c th
Nguy him ca s c
M t s c

Antenna-VSWR-Urgent
S c v thit b.
C th do cc u connector khng tt,hoc kt ni cha
tt,c th hng TRE,hoc ANC
nh hng trc tip cht lng trm pht sng
C th xut hin li trn Port A hoc Port B(Mc 1,72)
C th xut hin c 2 Port A v B trn mt sector. (Mc
1,72)

Hnh 2-17 : Lu hnh ng x l li Antenna-VSWR-Urgent

31

Chng 3
CC S C V THIT B NGUN, THIT B VI BA THNG GP TI
TRM BTS ALCATEL PHA NAM
I.

Cc s c ngun thng gp

Hnh 3-1 : S cu trc ca t ngun DC


1. Li mt in ngun AC: Mains Failure alarm
1.1.Hin tng:
- Cnh bo trn MCU: Mains failure alarm, cnh bo ny cng c gi v
OMC-R.
- Tt c cc n trn module Rectifier u tt.
- Ci cnh bo bo ng.
- n alarm trn MCU sng .
1.2.Nguyn nhn:
- Khng c in AC u vo t ngun, do cp in hoc do nhy CB hoc do
t cu ch AC u vo.
1.3.Cch khc phc:
- Xc minh ngun AC: o kim tra in p AC u vo ca t ngun, trc
v sau CB, cu ch tng.
- Trin khai my pht in ng cu khi cp in.
2. Li cnh bo qu ti:
2.1.Hin tng:
T ngun Eltek Platpack (PF1800)

32

LED lamp OFF/ON (green) trn module rectifier sng, dy n hin th


cng sut t cc i.
Hnh 3-2 : Mt trc ca MCU v rectifier Eltelk - PF1800 khi qu ti
T ngun Eltek Platpack 2

Hnh 3-3 : Mt trc ca MCU v rectifier Eltelk Platpack 2 khi qu ti


-

Power LED Lamp (green) v Warning LED Lamp (yellow) trn module
rectifier sng.
Warning LED Lamp (yellow) trn MCU Smartpack sng.

33

T ngun Saft

Hnh 3-4 : Mt trc ca rectifier t ngun Saft khi qu ti


n C/L sng .
n Current O/P sng xanh.

2.2.Nguyn nhn:
- Do dng ti hoc do dng np acquy ln so vi cng sut rectifier ca t
ngun.
- Do qu nhit (bn trong module Rectifier) lm cho cng sut ca module
rectifier gim xung.
- Do in p AC u vo thp lm cho cng sut ca module rectifier gim.
2.3.Cch khc phc:
- Kim tra tnh trng hot ng ca module rectifier, in p ra trn h thng.
Nu h thng ang hot ng trng thi np ni th cn tnh ton li dng ti, cng
sut ti. Nng cp thm module rectifier m bo cng sut ti phi nh hn cng
sut ca t ngun.
- Kim tra nhit ca module rectifier, xc minh gi tr dng ti, dng ca
tng module rectifier hin th trn MCU. Nu gi tr ny nh hn gii hn dng ln
nht cho php ca module, th c th do nhit bn trong module rectifier cao lm
gim cng sut ca module. Kim tra nhit phng t t ngun, khng gian gii
nhit ca t ngun, nu cn thit phi tng cng thm my lnh.
- o kim in p u vo ca t ngun, nu in p u vo ca t ngun b
thp p th phi xc nh nguyn nhn gy thp p v khc phc.
3. Li bo v qu p, thp p, qu nhit, hng qut hoc li bn trong module
rectifier:
3.1.Hin tng:
T ngun Eltek Platpack (PF1800)
- Trn module rectifier: LED Lamp alarm(red) sng, tt c cc n cn li tt.
- Trn MCU: LED Lamp alarm(red) sng.
- Trn mn hnh hin th ca MCU s xut hin mt trong nhng cnh bo
sau: Mains Failure alarm, Rectifier Alarm, Critical Rectifier Alarm, High
Temperature Alarm.
T ngun Eltek Platpack 2

34

- Trn module rectifier: Alarm LED Lamp(red) sng, Warning LED


Lamp(yellow) nhp nhy, Power LED Lamp (green) tt.
- Trn MCU Smartpack: Alarm LED Lamp (red) sng.
- Trn mn hnh hin th ca MCU s xut hin mt trong nhng cnh bo
sau: Mains Failure alarm, Rectifier Failure, Critical Rectifier Failure, Rectifier Over
voltage Protection, High Temperature Alarm.
T ngun Saft
- Trn module rectifier: O/V (red) Lamp sng.
- Trn MCU ACM1D: Alarm LED Lamp(red) sng.
T ngun Emerson
- Trn module rectifier: Alarm indicator(red), Critical alarm indicator(yellow)
sng.
- Trn MCU M500D: Alarm indicator(red) sng.
- Trn mn hnh hin th ca MCU s xut hin mt trong nhng cnh bo
sau: AC over-volttage, AC-under-voltage, DC over-voltage, DC under-voltage, Rect N
Failure, Rect N Protect, Rect com Failure, Rect Fan Fails.
3.2. Nguyn nhn:
- Bo v thp p/qu p AC u vo do gi tr in p vt gii hn cho php
(170Vac-285Vac).
- Bo v qu p DC u ra (Vout >58,5Vdc).
- Bo v qu nhit bn trong module rectifier (t0 > 700C).
- Qut ca module rectifier hng.
- Module b li bn trong.
3.3.Cch khc phc:
- Cn phi kim tra, o kim in p ngun AC u vo, phi m bo gi tr
in p phi nm trong gii hn cho php ca t ngun.
- Kim tra cu ch bn trong module rectifier b li .
- Nu ch c 1 trong cc module b li th c th module ny b bo v qu p
DC. khc phc, ta cn phi tho module ny ra khi h thng trong vng 1 n 2
pht n t reset li, sau gn vo h thng tr li, nu li vn xut hin th
module ny b li bn trong, cn phi thay th.
- Kim tra nhit bn trong ca module (trn mn hnh hin th ca MCU),
nu nhit cao (ln hn 700C) th phi tho module ny ra khi h thng, khong
15 pht cho nhit gim xung sau th gn vo h thng tr li.
- Kim tra tnh trng hot ng ca hai qut, nu qut khng hot ng th tho
module ra khi h thng, tho qut ra kim tra x l.
- Bt/tt module hoc ci li cu hnh cho t ngun khi module b mt kt ni
vi MCU.
4. Hng cu ch ti, cu ch acquy:
4.1.Hin tng:
- n bo li () trn MCU sng.
- Cnh bo trn mn hnh hin th ca MCU: Battery fuse failure, or Load
fuse failure.
4.2.Nguyn nhn:
- Cu ch(or CB) acquy/ti cha c kt ni khi kt ni acquy hoc kt
ni ti.
- Cu ch(or CB) acquy/ti b t (nhy) do ngn mch hoc qu ti.
4.3.Cch khc phc:
35

Cn kim tra kt ni ca cu ch (or CB) acquy/ti.


Kim tra tnh trng hot ng ca cu ch (or Cb) acquy/ti, nu cu ch (or
CB) b hng (nhy) th cn phi xc nh nguyn nhn, x l, khi phc.
-

5. Bo v thp p ti, acquy:


5.1.Hin tng:
- Tt c cc n bo trn t ngun u tt, ti khng c cp ngun.
- Hoc h thng hot ng chp chn, MCU xut li: BATTERY LVD,
LOAD LVD.
5.2.Nguyn nhn:
- Do mt in AC, Acquy x su dn n in p h thng gim, khi gi tr
in p vt ngng bo v (LLVD point: 44.00.2VDC), BLVD point:
43.20.2VDC) th contactor bo v thp p s tc ng (Disconect quy/ti ra khi h
thng).
- Do cng sut ti ln hn cng sut rectifier ca t ngun dn n acquy x
in cung cp cho ti gy st p h thng.
5.3.Cch x l:
- Kim tra, o kim in p AC u vo ca t ngun.
- Kim tra, o kim, tnh ton cng sut ca ti, cng sut rectifier ca t
ngun.
- H thng t khi phc tr li khi in p DC u ra ln hn ngng bo v
thp p.

Chn

Eltek
PF1800

Eltek
Platpack2

Mt in

Con5-16/17

Con1-08/09

in p acquy cao

Con5-13/14

Con2-12/13

Loi li

in p acquy thp

Con5-10/11

Con2-15/16

CB ti, acquy off

Con5-07/08

Con2-09/10

Rectifier hng

Con5-04/05

Con2-18/19

Ct xung p cao OVP DC


Ct xung p cao OVP AC

Saft MP75-MP54
Theo mu/i dy
P18-01(light-blue: Pair
N01 / 03 (light-blue: Pair
N02)
P18-07(light-blue: Pair
N04) / 09(light-blue: Pair
N05)
P18-04(dark-blue: PairN02
/ 06(yellow: PairN03)
P18-04(dark-blue: PairN02
/ 06(yellow: PairN03)

Con1-03/04
Con1-01/02

P18-10(black: PairN05 /
12(red: PairN06)
Bng 3.1 Bng u ni cnh bo ngoi tham kho:

Hng qut

36

II.

Cc s c viba Alcatel thng gp


Nhng nguyn nhn gy ra s c mt truyn dn:
Hng IDU.
Hng ODU.
Hng trng vi ba.
Hng softwavekey.
Hng cp ngun cp cho IDU.
Hng ng dn sng, Branching Box (thit b 7 GHz).
Hng u connector.
Hng cng COM ca cp t IDU n phin DDF.
Hng cp gia ODU va IDU.
Nhng nguyn nhn gy ra s c truyn dn chp chn:
u connector tip xc khng tt.
Dy nhy v phm DDF tip xc khng tt.
C nh trng cha tt.
Do nhiu thu.
Nhng nguyn nhn c th gy ra s c BER cao.
Do ma ln.
Do che chn.
Do nhiu.

Trng thi Led mt trc ca IDU


Trng thi

ngha

Led

URG : Urgent , cnh bo khn cp,li


ny xut hin khi tuyn cha thng ,
cng sut thu di mc ngng , khai
lung sai, bn lung cha cht, hoc bn
sai gia phin thu , pht ; connector
khng tt, thit b hng
NURG : Non Urgent , cnh bo khn
cp cnh bo ny xut hin khi khai bao
sai cngNMSang s dng , phn radio
access b li vo phn mm kim tra
li cc thng s .
ATT : Alarm attended , li xut hin
nhng cha c x l .
BZ : busy : in thoi bn
IDU : Khng c cnh bo ti IDU . IDU
c cu hnh .
ODU : Tng t nhu IDU , 2 led ny
xut hin khi tuyn thng .
Cp ngun b hng , khng c ngun
vo .

Led

Led vng
Led vng
Led xanh
Led xanh
Tt c cc
n u tt

37

Phn tch mt s cnh bo thng gp.


1.Cable Alarm (1): y l cnh bo v cp.

Hnh 3-4 : Cnh bo s c Cp

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc:


u connector vn cha chtvn li u connector.
Mi hn u connector khng ttHn li u connector.
t cp ng trcThay cp mi.
Ngn mchhn li cp.
u connector giao din pha IDU b hngThay IDU.
2.Air Alarm(2):Cnh bo qut ca IDU.

Hnh 3-5 : Cnh bo qut ca IDU

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Mt trong 2 qut ca IDU b hngy l loi cnh bo
khng nguy him, nhng nu chy lu v trong nhit
phng khng tt s rt d hng IDU. Nn tt nht l tin
hnh thay IDU (khng c qut ri thay th).

38

3.Power Alarm(3). y l cnh bo ngun vo IDU.

Hnh 3-6 : Cnh bo ngun vo IDU.

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc

Cp ngun vo b hngTin hnh thay cp ngun.


Khi ngun trong IDU b hngThay IDU.

4.SKU Alarm: y l cnh bo v Sofware key (classic IDU).

Hnh 3-7 : Cnh bo v Sofware key (classic IDU).

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


SKU b hngThay SKU.
SKU b lng kim tra v c nh li SKU.
Cu hnh sai chun SKUKim tra li cu hnh.

39

5.Maintenance Alarm(5):
y l loi cnh v vn hnh v bo dng,khng nguy him cho tuyn v
thit b.Nhng phi x l v lu s nh hng n cht lng ng truyn.

Hnh 3-8: Cnh bo vn hnh v Bo dng

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


C th trong qu trnh vn hnh c nhiu bit
liRemote_controls/All/Maintenance alarm:Reset.
6.Link adentify code Alarm: y l li v m nhn dng ng truyn.

Hnh 3-9 ; Cnh bo li m nhn dng ng truyn

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Thu v pht m ng truyn ca tuyn khng ng hai
u tuyn gy nn mt tuynCp nht li m ng truyn cho tuyn (Tx ,Rx).
Tn hiu thu km nn cng xy ra li nyKim tra li
cht lng thu c ti trm ang log in.

40

7.Transmitter missing alarm: y l cnh bo v mt ng b.

Hnh 3-10: Cnh bo mt ng b

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Tc bit khng ph hp vi c iu chKim tra
li d liu commissioning.
Hng khi ng b ca ODUThay ODU.
8.Tx synthesizer alarm: y l cnh bo v b tng hp pht.

Hnh 3-11: Cnh bo li b tng hp pht.

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Sai v tn s phtKim tra tn s pht ca thit b c ng
vi tn s pht ca d liu ci t khng.
Khong cch thu pht ca TX v RXiu chnh khong cch
thu pht(420Mhz,161Mhz).
Hng b tng hp pht ca ODUThay ODU.

9.Amplifier alarm(9): y l cnh bo v b khuch i pht.

41

Hnh 3-12 : Cnh bo li b khuch i pht

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Lock b khuch iCho b khuch i hot ng.
hng b khuch i ca ODUThay ODU.
10.Output power alarm(10): y l cnh bo v cng sut u ra ca ODU.

Hnh 3-13 : Cnh bo v cng sut u ra ca ODU

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Lnh ngng pht ca b phtKim tra v cho php b
pht hot ng.
Hng b pht cng sut ca ODUThay ODU.
Ghi ch:Khi cnh bo s 10 xut hin th ng thi 2 cnh
bo s 9 v s 11 cng xut hin.
11.RF synthetizer alarm (11): y l cnh bo v b tng hp pht vi tn hiu b
dao ng.

42

Hnh 3-14 : Cnh bo li b tng hp pht vi tn hiu b dao ng

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Tn s pht khng ng vi di tn s b dao ng to
raKim tra v setup li tn s pht.
Khong cch tn s thu pht khng ngt li khong
cch tn s thu,pht.
B to dao ng ca ODU b hngThay ODU.
12.Unit missing Alarm(12): y l cnh bo kt ni gia IDU v ODU.

Hnh 3-15 : Cnh bo li kt ni gia IDU v ODU

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


u connector trn ODU vn khng ttkim tra v c
nh li tt hn.
u connector trn ODU hngThay connector.
Khi giao din cp ng trc v ODU b hngThay
ODU.
13. General alarm (13): y l cnh bo khi MDU khng th truy cp phn cng
thit b.
43

Hnh 3-16:Cnh bo khi MDU khng th truy cp phn cng thit b.

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Thit b treoTt bt ngun li.
Hng khi giao din MDU ca ODUThay ODU.
Ghi Ch:C th vo Remote_controls/all/Alarm:Reset.
14.Configuration Error Alarm(14): y l li cu hnh.

Hnh 3- 17. Cnh bo li cu hnh

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Cu hnh saiKim tra ton b thong s d liu c cu
hnh.
Khong cch tn s thu pht saiKim tra li khong
cch tn s.
Tn s pht v Thu khng ng vi thit bKim tra li
tn s thu ,pht.

Hng ODUThay ODU.


Ghi Ch:Kim tra ODU c ng di tn khng.

15. BB loop Alarm(15): y l cnh bo loop ngay u vo ODU.


44

Hnh 3-18: Cnh bo loop ngay u vo ODU.

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


C th khi Access ca ODU b loopKim tra v hu
lnh Loop cho ODU.
Ghi Ch:Remote_controls/All/Alarm:Reset.
16.Carrier unlocked alarm(16): y l cnh bo v tn hiu iu ch song mang.

Hnh 3-19 : Cnh bo v tn hiu iu ch song mang


Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc
Tn hiu iu ch u vo b liKim tra tn s thu,pht
v cng sut pht.
C th nhiu tn hiu u voThay i cp tn s khc.

45

17.Early warning alarm(17): y l li cnh bo sm (v t l bit li cao)

Hnh 3-20: Li cnh bo sm v t l li bit.

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


C th gi tr bit li caoKim tra li ngng gi tr cnh
bo sm:Operatio parameter/theresholds/switching thresholds .
18.Low ber alarm(18): y l cnh bo v li ber hoc cht lng thu km.

Hnh 3-21: cnh bo v li ber hoc cht lng thu km

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


C th nh hng mi trng xung quanhKim tra trn
ng truyn c b che chn khng. t li mt s ngng cnh bo trn thit b.
Ghi ch:Nu ng thi 3 cnh bo s 16,17,18 cng xut
hin th y l du hiu ca nhiu tuyn

46

Kim tra xung quanh trn ng truyn c tuyn vi ba mi


ln khng.
Th thay i 1 cp tn s mi.
Thay i hai u ODU cho nhau(thng b nhiu mt u
low or hight band).
19.Rx synthesizer alarm (19): y l cnh bo v b tng hp thu.

Hnh 3- 22: Cnh bo v b tng hp thu.

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


C th khong cch tn s thu pht khng ngkim tra
v t li ng khong cch.
C th gi tr tn s khng ng vi thit bKim tra tn
s thu ,pht.
Hng b tng hp thu ca ODU thay ODU.

47

20.Receive power alarm(20): y l cnh bo v cng sut thu

Hnh 3-23: Cnh bo v cng sut thu.

Nguyn nhn, cch khc phc


Khng c tn pht t u xaKim tra tn hiu pht u
xa.
Sai tn s thu phtKim tra tn s thu,pht.
B thu tn hiu ca ODU u gn (ti trm) hngThay
ODU.

48

NGN HNG CU HI
1.Cu hi

STT

Ni dung cu hi

Cp
cn
thit

Mc

kh

i tng
tr li cu hi

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

V s cu trc mng di ng Viettel,


Hy k tn cc phn t mng li
Phn bit s khc nhau gia GMSC v
MSC

Phn bit s ging nhau v khc nhau


gia HLR v VLR

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

Viettel hin ang s dng cng ngh g,


gii tn no?

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

Chc nng BSC?, BTS?

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

NV TKT, NV Lp t,
CTT, VHKT

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

6
7
8
9
10

V s cu trc BTS Alcatel, k tn


cc khi chnh trong BTS Alcatel?
Chc nng SUMA? Phn tch trng thi
Led trn card SUMA
Chc nng ANC? Phn tch trng thi
Led trn card ANC
Chc nng TRE? Phn tch trng thi
Led trn card TRE

12

Nguyn l hot ng ca BTS


Nguyn nhn ca s c mt ng b
Alarm clck (1,12), mc nh hng,
lu x l?
Nguyn nhn ca s c li cu hnh
Config fault (1,246), mc nh hng,
lu x l?

13

Nguyn nhn ca s c li ng b
lung PCM (1,23), mc nh hng,
lu x l?

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

14

Nguyn nhn ca s c li cu hnh


Twin (2,1), mc nh hng, lu
x l?

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

11

16

Nguyn nhn ca s c li cu hnh


TRE (3,14), mc nh hng, lu
x l?
Nguyn nhn ca s c liphn cng
TRE (Cm Alarm s[10,239:1, 12,13]),
mc nh hng, lu x l?

17

Nguyn nhn ca s c li phn cng


TRE (Cm Alarm s[10,239:1, 3...11,
15]), mc nh hng, lu x l?

15

49

18

Nguyn nhn ca s c li Rx-Cable


[10,3:1,2,5], mc nh hng, lu
x l?

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

19

Nguyn nhn ca s c li Rx-Cable


[10,3:3,4], mc nh hng, lu x
l?

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

20

Nguyn nhn ca s c li AntennaVSWR-Warning (10,11) , mc nh


hng, lu x l?

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

21

Nguyn nhn ca s c li AntennaVSWR-Urgent (10,12) , mc nh


hng, lu x l?

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

22

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li mt ngun AC

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

24

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li qu ti ca cc
loi t ngun Eltel Platpack (FP1800) Platpack 2, t ngun Saft
Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,
cch khc phc s c li bo v qu p,
thp p, qu nhit, hng qut hoc li
bn trong module rectifier

25

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li hng cu ch
ti, cu ch acquy

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

26

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li bo v thp p
ti, acquy

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

27

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cable viba
Alcatel (li 01)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

28

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo qut
viba Alcatel (li 02)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

29

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo
ngun IDU viba Alcatel (li 03)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

30

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo SKU
viba Alcatel (li 04)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

31

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo m
nhn dng ng truyn viba Alcatel
(li 06)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

23

50

32

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo mt
ng b viba Alcatel (li 07)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

33

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo cng
sut pht ca viba Alcatel (li 010)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

34

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo kt
ni gia IDU v ODU ca viba Alcatel
(li 012)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

35

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo truy
cp phn cng thit b ca viba Alcatel
(li 013)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

36

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cnh bo cu
hnh thit b ca viba Alcatel (li 014)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

37

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li Ber v mc thu
km ca viba Alcatel (li 018)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

38

Trnh by hin tng, nguyn nhn,


cch khc phc s c li cng sut thu
ca viba Alcatel (li 020)

NV Lp t, CTT,
VHKT

2.Tr li
STT

Tr li cu hi

Tham chiu trong ti liu

Cu hi 1

Chng 1 Phn I; Hnh 1-2

Cu hi 2

Chng 1 Phn II; Mc 1, Mc 3

Cu hi 3

Chng 1 Phn II; Mc 4

Cu hi 4

Chng 1 Phn III; 1, 2, 3

Cu hi 5

Chng 1 Phn III; Mc 1, Mc 2

Cu hi 6

Chng 2 Phn I; Hnh 2-1

Cu hi 7

Chng 2 Phn I; Mc 1

Cu hi 8

Chng 2 Phn I; Mc 3

Cu hi 9

Chng 2 Phn I; Mc 2

10

Cu hi 10

Chng 2 Phn I; Mc 4_4-2

11

Cu hi 11

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 1

12

Cu hi 12

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 2

13

Cu hi 13

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 3

14

Cu hi 14

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 4


51

15

Cu hi 15

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 5

16

Cu hi 16

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 6; Hnh 2-12

17

Cu hi 17

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 6; Hnh 2-13

18

Cu hi 18

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 7; Hnh 2-14

19

Cu hi 19

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 7; Hnh 2-15

20

Cu hi 20

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 7; Hnh 2-16

21

Cu hi 21

Chng 2 Phn II; Mc 7; Hnh 2-17

22

Cu hi 22

Chng 3 Phn I; Mc 1

23

Cu hi 23

Chng 3 Phn I; Mc 2

24

Cu hi 24

Chng 3 Phn I; Mc 3

25

Cu hi 25

Chng 3 Phn I; Mc 4

26

Cu hi 26

Chng 3 Phn I; Mc 5

27

Cu hi 27

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 1

28

Cu hi 28

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 2

29

Cu hi 29

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 3

30

Cu hi 30

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 4

31

Cu hi 31

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 6

32

Cu hi 32

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 7

33

Cu hi 33

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 10

34

Cu hi 34

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 12

35

Cu hi 35

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 13

36

Cu hi 36

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 14

37

Cu hi 37

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 18

38

Cu hi 38

Chng 3 Phn II; Mc 20

52

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