EXPERIMENT 4 AMPLITUDE SHIFT KEYING (ASK)

1. Objective Generation of ASK modulated signals. 2. General Information Amplitude shift keying ASK is a modulation process, which imparts to a sinusoid two or more discrete amplitude levels. If the base band signal (before modulation) is unipolar (ones (1) and zeros (0)), a simple on-off keying can be applied. The on corresponds to code 1, and the off corresponds to code 0. The ASK wave formats are illustrated in Figure 1. s( t ) 1 0 1 1

(t)

t 0 T 2T 3T 4T 0

Figure 1. ASK waveform Production of ASK Signal An ASK signal can be produced as shown in Figure 2.

s( t )
Unipolar binary sequence (message)

(t) = s(t)cos(0t)
ASK signal

cos(0t)

Figure 2. Generation of ASK signal

For a binary signal 1, the ASK signal will become;

(t) =

Acos(0t) 0

, 0<t<T , otherwise

The ASK wave in Figure 2, can easily be obtained by an oscillator; (t) is produced from an oscillator of which switch is closed (on) for duration of T (Figure 3.): cos (0t) ~ 1 Figure 3. Production of ASK signal by on-off keying Demodulation of ASK Signal: I) Demodulation of ASK signal can be achieved by using a special type of filter that is called matched filter. The demodulation process and also the impulse response of the matched filter is illustrated in Figure 4: 0

(t)

(t)

Filter h(t) = (T-t)

h(t)
t =T

Figure 4. Demodulation steps of a unipolar binary sequence In the above figure, T denotes the duration of state-1 of the key in Figure 3. If the input of the filter in Figure 4 is (t), then the impulse response of the matched filter used is defined as h(t) = (T-t).

h(t) = (t) * h(t), here * denotes convolution.

By making a key following the filter on state for T duration, the approximation of (t) can be obtained. II) Another synchronous demodulation can be made as shown in Figure 5.

(t)

Integrator

t =T

(t)
Figure 5. Another method for modulation of binary sequence

3. Experiment Set LabView software

4. Experimental Procedure Create a modulating sine-wave signal using LabView software functions so that display duration T and the duration between each sample dT can be changed externally by the user. Do not use simulate signal function of LabView to generate the sine-wave. The Base-band signal to be ASK modulated will be provided as a sub-vi by the laboratory assistant. There will be two kinds of pulse series in the provided sub-vi. One of them is a simple square wave (1 0 1 0 1 0 ), and the second one is created by the random sequence of 1s and 0s. In both types the pulse width is selected as 100 samples. Just connect the T and dT variables and the constant sample quantity to the given sub-vi, which you will insert on the block diagram window you design. Display both sine-wave signal and pulse sequence signal in one waveform graph on the front panel of the vi file you design. Design the remaining part of the vi file so that the sine-wave will be displayed during the 1s of pulse series. While the pulse series take the value of 0, the sine wave should not be displayed during the pulse. The final waveform will be called as ASK modulated signal.