Subject: Physics

Class: Form 4UM

Date: 1 June 2009
Time: 10.00 am – 10.30 pm (30 minutes)
No. of students: 37 students
Learning Area : Forces and Pressure
Learning Objective: Understanding Pressure in Liquids

Learning Outcomes: At the end of the lesson, a student is able to:

A Master content knowledge

a. State that depth is directly proportional to pressure in a
liquid
b. Sate that density is directly proportional to pressure in a
liquid
c. Construct the formula P=hρg from both the relationships
(a) and (b) above, where P is pressure in liquid, h is depth,
ρ is density of liquid and g is the acceleration due to gravity
and the equation P=F/A where F is force and A is contact
area.
d. Solve 2 numerical problems involving the equation P=hρg

B Master Scientific Skills/TSTS

a. Design and carry out an experiment in groups to find the
relationship between pressure in liquid, depth and density
of liquid given a mineral bottle, tray and oil,

C Demonstrate Scientific Attitudes and Noble Values

a. Actively participate in carrying out the experiment based on
agreed upon procedures as a team.
b. Appreciate the value of time by carrying out the experiment
briskly and being on task all the time.

Scientific Concepts:
Pressure in liquids
a. acts in all direction
b. increases with depth
c. increases with density

Materials, equipments and resource materials:

Mineral water bottles – 4 units
Oil – 1 bottle
Tray – 2 units
Plastic bag – 4 units
Notes on PowerPoint slides

Consideration of Safety Precautions:

None
Prior Knowledge:
Students have already learned the operational definition of pressure, P=F/A, and
have applied it in solving problems involving pressure exerted by solids on a surface.

Teaching and Learning Activities

Phase Content Student Notes
Teacher Activities
Activities
Introduction/ Definition of Make connection to Students
Eliciting pressure, P=F/A students’ prior respond to Strategy/Technique:
Ideas Direction of knowledge on pressure teacher’s Whole class Q&A
(5 minutes) pressure in by asking questions questions
liquids and Elicit students’ ideas
factors that might about whether there is
affect pressure in pressure in liquids,
liquids factors that might affect
Students pressure in liquids and
experience whilst how these factors
swimming (if any) affect the pressure.

Structuring/ Pressure in Show a plastic bag full Students Strategy/Technique:

Restructuring liquids of water and ask make Interactive
of Ideas a. a. acts in all students to predict prediction, demonstration by
(15 minutes) direction which way the water inference, teacher
b. is directly will squirt out when observation
proportional holes are poked. and
to depth conclusion
c. is directly Ask two central guiding
proportional questions:
to density How does pressure in
d. can be written liquid relate to depth?
as P=hρg
How does pressure in Students An inquiry activity in
liquid relate to density? make groups.
hypotheses,
Ask students for their give
hypotheses, the design suggestions
of an experiment to on the
investigate the design of an
relationship, and the experiment
variables involved. and state all
the
Debriefing variables
involved.

Guide students to Then

construct the equation students
P=hρg from the two carry out the
 relationships activity to
answer the
central
guiding
questions.

Students
make
conclusion
and
construct
P=hρg

Application of 1. The density of Show problems on Students Strategy/Techniques

Ideas fresh water is less slides solve Group discussion
(5 minutes) than that of sea (refer to Appendix 1) problems in followed by group
water, the lower groups presentation
fresh water
pressure is Students Resources: PP slides
caused by its present their
density solutions
2. Two problem
involving the use
of P=hρg

Reflection/ Pressure in Let students conclude Students Strategy/Techniques:

Closure liquids by stating the main conclude Whole class Q&A
(5 minutes)e. a. acts in all ideas and relating to the lesson
direction students initial ideas by verbally Resources: PP slides
b. is directly Show summary of main stating the
proportional to ideas on slides main ideas
depth Give reading and relating
c. is directly assignment on gas to their
proportional to pressure for next initial ideas
density lesson
d. can be written Written problem solving
as P=hρg using P=hρg in
exercise book