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2 0 GENERAL WELDING SAFETY 2.

Prepared by: Shahfuan Hanif A A. Hamidi Fabrication and Joining Section University Kuala Lumpur

Ou e Outline
2.1. 2 1 2.2. 23 2.3. 2.4. Introduction I t d ti Safety Equipment Safety precaution for Arc welding Safety precaution for Oxyacetylene welding and
2.4.1 2.4.2 Procedure for Lighting g g a Torch Procedure for Shutting off a Torch

Cutting

2.1: Introduction

In production and construction people are continually exposed to potential hazards. Welders are exposed e posed to a number n mber of hazards ha ards therefore welding elding is a safe occupation when you obey the safety rules. The hazards in welding are:
1. 2. 3. 4.

Electrical shock radiation di ti Fire and explosion Heat

5. 6. 7. 8.

Burns N i Noise Fumes Gases

2.2: Safety Equipment

Ear plug Safety shoes Hand gloves

Jean and Jacket

Dust mask

Apron & Long sleeve

Respirator Safety goggle

Head shields/welding helmet

Face shields

Ear muffs

Fire extinguisher

2.3: Safety y Precaution for Arc Welding g


1.

2. 3.

4 4. 5.

6.

Make sure that y your arc welding g equipment q p is installed p properly p y and grounded and is in good working condition. Always wear protective clothing suitable for the welding to be done. Always wear proper eye protection when welding, spraying, cutting, or grinding. Avoid breathing the air in the fume plume directly above the arc. arc Keep your work area clean and free of hazards. Make sure that no flammable, , volatile or explosive p materials are in or near the work area. Handle all compressed gas cylinders with extreme care. Keep caps on when h not t in i use.

Safety y Precaution for Arc Welding g( (cont) )


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8.

9. 10.

11.

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Make sure that compressed gas cylinders are secured to the wall or to other structural supports. When gas cylinders are empty, close the valve and mark the cylinder li d empty. Do not weld in a confined space without special precautions. Do not weld on containers that have held combustibles without taking special precautions. Do not weld on sealed containers or compartments without providing p g vents and taking g special p precautions. p Use mechanical exhaust at the point of welding when welding lead, cadmium, chromium, manganese, brass, bronze, zinc, or galvanized , and when welding g in a confined space. p steel,

Safety y Precaution for Arc Welding g( (cont) )


12. 13. 14.

15.

16.

When working in wet area, wear rubber boots and stand on a dry insulated platform. Do not use cables with frayed, cracked, or bare spots in the insulation. insulation When the electrode holder is not in use, hang it on the bracket provided. never let it touch a compressed gas cylinder. Wh working When ki above b ground d make k sure th that t the th scaffold, ff ld ladder, l dd or work surface is solid. When welding in high places, use a safety belt or life line.

Safety y Precaution for Arc Welding g( (cont) )


17. 18. 19.

Dispose p of electrode stubs in proper p p container . Shield others from the light rays produced by your welding arc. Do not weld near degreasing operations.

2.4: Safety Precaution for Oxyacetylene Welding and Cutting


1.

2. 3 3.

4.

5.

6. 7.

Make sure that all g gas apparatus pp shows UL or FM approval, pp , is installed properly, and is in good working condition. Make sure that all connections are tight before lighting the torch. Do not use a flame to inspect for tight joints. joints Use soap solution to detect leaks. Always wear protective clothing suitable for welding or flame cutting. cutting Keep work area clean and free of hazardous materials. When flame cutting, sparks can travel 30 to 40 ft (10 to 15 m). Do not allow flame cut sparks to hit hoses, hoses regulators regulators, or cylinders cylinders. Handle all compressed gas cylinders with extreme care. Keep cylinder caps on when not in use.

Safety Precaution for Oxyacetylene Welding and Cutting (cont)


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9. 10 10.

11. 12.

13.

14.

Make sure that all compressed p g gas cylinders y are secured to the wall or to other structural supports. Keep acetylene cylinders in the vertical position. Store compressed gas cylinders in a safe place with good ventilation. Acetylene cylinders and oxygen cylinders should be kept apart. When compressed gas c cylinders linders or f fuel el gas c cylinders linders are empty, empt close the valve and mark the cylinder empty. Use oxygen and acetylene or other fuel gases with the appropriate torches and only for the purpose intended. intended Avoid breathing the air in the fume plume directly above the flame.

Safety Precaution for Oxyacetylene Welding and Cutting (cont)


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16.

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18.

Never use acetylene y at a pressure p in excess of 15 p psi ( (103.4 kPa). ) Higher pressure can cause an explosion. Never use oil, grease, or any material on any apparatus or threaded fittings g in the oxyacetylene y y or oxy y fuel system. y Oil and g grease in contact with oxygen may cause spontaneous combustion. Do not weld or flame cut in a confined space without taking special p precautions. When assembling apparatus, crack the gas cylinder valve before attaching regulators (cracking means opening the valve on a cylinder y slightly, g y then closing). g) This blows out any y accumulated foreign material. Make sure that all threaded fittings are clean and tight.

2.4.1

Procedure for Lighting a Torch

(a) Open acetylene cylinder valve. (b) Open acetylene torch valve turn. (c) Screw in acetylene regulator adjusting valve handle to working p pressure. (d) Turn off acetylene torch valve (you will have purged the acetylene line). (e) Slowly open oxygen cylinder valve all the way. way (f) Open oxygen torch valve turn.

Procedure for Lighting g g a Torch (cont) ( )


(g) Screw in oxygen regulator screw to working pressure. (h) Turn off oxygen torch valve (you will have purged the oxygen line). (i) Open acetylene torch valve turn and light with lighter (use frictiontype yp lighter g or special p p provided lighting g g device only). y) (j) Open oxygen torch valve turn. (k) Adjust to neutral flame.

2.4.2

Procedure for Shutting off a Torch

( ) Close acetylene (a) y torch valve first, , then close oxygen yg torch valve. (b) Close cylinder valvesthe acetylene valve first, then the oxygen valve. (c) Open torch acetylene and oxygen valves (to release pressure in the regulator and hose). (d) Back off regulator adjusting valve handle until no spring tension is felt. felt (e) Close torch valves.

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