INTERPENETRATION OF SOLIDS

WHEN ONE SOLID PENETRATES ANOTHER SOLID THEN THEIR SURFACES INTERSECT AND AT THE JUNCTION OF INTERSECTION A TYPICAL CURVE IS FORMED, WHICH REMAINS COMMON TO BOTH SOLIDS. THIS CURVE IS CALLED CURVE OF INTERSECTION AND IT IS A RESULT OF INTERPENETRATION OF SOLIDS.

PURPOSE OF DRAWING THESE CURVES:WHEN TWO OBJECTS ARE TO BE JOINED TOGATHER, MAXIMUM SURFACE CONTACT BETWEEN BOTH BECOMES A BASIC REQUIREMENT FOR STRONGEST & LEAK-PROOF JOINT.

Curves of Intersections being common to both Intersecting solids, show exact & maximum surface contact of both solids.
SOME ACTUAL OBJECTS ARE SHOWN, SHOWING CURVES OF INTERSECTIONS. BY WHITE ARROWS.

Problem 1: A horizontal cylinder of diameter 40 mm penetrates into a vertical cylinder of diameter 60 mm. The axes of the cylinders intersect at right angles. Draw the curves of intersection when the axis of the horizontal cylinder is parallel to the VP.

Fig. 8.1

Fig.2

Construction:
1. Draw the top and front views of the cylinders. 2. Draw the left side view of the arrangement. 3. Divide the circle in the side view into number of equal parts say 12. 4. The generators of the horizontal cylinder are numbered in both front and top views as shown. 5. Mark point m, where the generator through 1 in the top view meets the circle in the top view of the vertical cylinder. Similarly mark m2, .mI2. 6. Project m7 to m1 on the generator 1 1 in the front view. 7. Project m7 to m7 on 77 , Similarly project all the point. 8. Draw a smooth curve through m1 ....... m7 This curve is the intersection curve at the front. The curve at the rear through m7 , m8 m12 coincides with the corresponding visible curve at the front. Since the horizontal cylinder penetrates and comes out at the other end, similar curve of intersection will be seen on the right also. 9. Draw the curve through n1.... n7 following the same procedure. The two curves m1 ....... m7 and n1 ....... n7 are the required curves of intersection.

Problem 2: A vertical cylinder of diameter 120 mm is fully penetrated by a cylinder of diameter 90 mm, their axes intersecting each other. The axis of the penetrating cylinder is inclined at 30 0 to the HP and is parallel to the VP. Draw the top and front views of the cylinders and the curves of intersection. Construction: 1. Draw the top and front views of the cylinders. 2. Following the procedure in example 1 locate points ml in the top view. Project them to the corresponding generators in the inclined cylinder in the front view to obtain points m1, m2 etc. 3. Locate points n1, n2 etc., on the right side using the same construction. 4. Draw smooth curves through them to get the required curve of intersection as shown in the figure.

Problem 3: A cylinder 50mm dia.and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by another of 40 mm dia. and 70 mm axis horizontally; both axes intersect & bisect each other. Draw projections showing curves of intersections

Problem 4: A cylinder 50mm dia.and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by a square prism of 25 mm sides.and 70 mm axis, horizontally. Both axes Intersect & bisect each other. All faces of prism are equally inclined to Hp. Draw projections showing curves of intersections

Problem 5: A sq.prism 30 mm base sides. and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by another square prism of 25 mm sides. and 70 mm axis, horizontally. Both axes Intersects & bisect each other. All faces of prisms are equally inclined to Vp.Draw projections showing curves of intersections

Problem 6: A sq.prism 30 mm base sides. and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by another square prism of 25 mm sides. and 70 mm axis, horizontally. Both axes Intersect & bisect each other. Two faces of penetrating prism are 300 inclined to Hp. Draw projections showing curves of intersections.

Problem 7: A cylinder 50mm dia.and 70mm axis is completely penetrated by a triangular prism of 45 mm sides. and 70 mm axis, horizontally.One flat face of prism is parallel to Vp and Contains axis of cylinder. Draw projections showing curves of intersections.

Problem 8: A vertical cone, base diameter 75 mm and axis 100 mm long, is completely penetrated by a cylinder of 45 mm diameter. The axis of the cylinder is parallel to Hp and VP and intersects axis of the cone at a point 28 mm above the base. Draw projections showing curves of intersection

Problem 9: A cylinder of 80 mm diameter and 100 mm axis is completely penetrated by a cone of 80 mm diameter and 120 mm long axis horizontally. Both axes intersect & bisect each other. Draw projections showing curve of intersections

Problem 10: A cone70 mm base diameter and 90 mm axis is completely penetrated by a square prism from top with its axis // to cones axis and 5 mm away from it. a vertical plane containing both axes is parallel to Vp. Take all faces of sq.prism equally inclined to Vp. Base Side of prism is 0 mm and axis is 100 mm long. Draw projections showing curves of intersections.