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365

Index Term

Links

a sample-and-hold

302

ABB

132

absquare

92

actuator

49

adaptive gain

174

adaptive tuning

173

additive

225

94

177

feedback

218 224225

feedforward

232

trim

221

advanced regulatory control

241

12 183184 186187

air-fuel ratio control

202-203

air-to-fuel ratio

202203 205206

algorithm synthesis

243

294

333

230
224

305

309

76

88-90

339

analog
control

195

controllers

50

equipment

297

hardware device

217

input

104

110

output

105

112

system

104

world

230

analog-to-digital (A/D) converter

104

annealing furnace

240

anti-reset windup

100102

protection

98

technique

100

96

apparent
control loop
dead time

294
41

51

feedback control loop

295

holdup time

160

time constant

134

138

approximate model

150

175

92

293

134 137138

366
Index Term

Links

approximate time constant

175

strm

176

auto-manual switch

94

111

automatic

97

112

116

122

176

185

197

281

107

112

314

329

automatic reset
automatic to manual

6768
94

auto-tuning

173

auxiliary variable

311

averaging liquid-level control

168

back pressure regulator


basic regulatory control
basis weight

128

51
2
292

batch
chemical process

240

digester

253

switch
behavior
bias
blending
Bode plots

99101
147

149

6162

66

101

202

107

118

194

198

174

262

82

183

202
16

boiler-drum control

241

Bristol

269

bumpless transfer

9496
260

bumpless tuning

9697

calculus

cascade

109

112

170

46

48

51

control

187188
loop

85

cascade-local switch

195

catalytic cracking

313

characterization
characterizer function blocks

92-93
337

191 193194 197198

367
Index Term
chart recorder
chemical
reactor
choked nozzle effect

Links
69

72

74

130

139

141

143

96

115

216

314 329330

332

276
22
54

closed-loop
response

138

test

119
176

tuning
Cohen-Coon

176
131132

combining feedback

218 224225

combining feedback and feedforward

225

combustion control

205

commissioning

197

238

composition
analyzer

238

control

52

202

262

268

controller
loop

76

comprehensive algorithms

109

compressor station

254 256-257

configuration option
constraint

79-80
311312

82-83

control
algorithm
engineer
graph
horizon
law
loop
modes
move
strategy

2223

89

291

293

78

27

102

109

138

173

245

337

64
316

326

22
2223

33

48

63

75

100

267

274

280

294

323 327328

331

58
318321
1

113

368
Index Term

Links

system engineer

24

systems designer

283

valve

188

variable

314

controlled flow

184

311

332

346

201202

controlled variable

22

controller

66

294

gain

48

60

6263

68

86

9394

108

110

126

134

136138 167168
graph
output

synthesis
tuning

6164
23

25

2831

6063

6869

7375

8081

8385

90

9798

122

124 128130

174 184185

195

206

221

246

297

299

302

314

96 119120

291

321

304

309

41

5152

55

133 136138

161

167

144

convolution model

331

cooling tower systems

344

coupled

50
3940

critically damped

153

156

cross-limiting control

335

338

crude switch

240

Dahlins algorithm

291

damping characteristics
factor
ratio
DCS
dead time

251

299

control-loop behavior

Coriolis meter

6667

299

128
153
178179
114

282

1516

3839

130

176 229232
304

314

278

281 291294

369
Index Term
compensation
dead zone

Links
16

138

183

144

147 153155

169

281

286

288

51

58

77

94

dead-time-to-time-constant

292

decay ratio

120

decoupler

282

decoupling

268

276

291

332

183

312

control
element
dependent variable

277278 282-283
2829

62

deriv. time

77

derivative

56

48

126

238

action

90 127128

contribution

74

80

gain

92

112

129

mode

38

7276

80

8485

90

110 126127

129

149

92
mode contribution
on error

170

73
80

82

104

170

8084

104

112

170

spike

80

8283

time

72

8586

92

129

deviation

93

184

186

differential equations

300

109

138

229

273

276

291

on measurement

digital
control
control system
controllers
to-analog (D/A) converter

25
1
50
105

digital-based
control system
controller
direct
digital control

230
49
270
107

230

370
Index Term
effect
direct-acting

Links
269
2425

271 274276
31

60

74
205

83

102

115

discrete algorithm

102

299

304

distillation

239

341

column

51

253

238

276

22

column control
tower
distributed control systems
disturbance

drum level
dynamic
behavior

80

267

294

339

52

165

167

202

228

254

262

286

102

109

173

203

23

2829

191

193 213217

230

232

238

293

307

311

314

51

228

47
226 285286
9

27

characteristics

35

39

48

compensation

226

228

230

232 234237

242

278

110

116

response
system

38
9

effective controller gain

86

effective derivative time

86

effective integral time

86

efficiency

168
168

238

electric motorized valve

94

electrical stepping motor

107

elementary algorithms

109

elementary function blocks

110

energy efficiency

203

engineering units

102 107108

equal percentage
valve characteristics
valves
ERF

112

33
289

347

34

49

249 253254

347

371
Index Term
error

Links
24

60

69

73

85

9293

9798

102

168

174

185

206

error signal
modified

92

error-squared

92

algorithm

168169

EXACT

179

exchangers

51

exothermic reactor

37

external feedback

197

external reset
feedback

94

76

82 169170

98
9899 111112

248

253

247

335

255

261
fail-closed

25

197

fail-open

25

205

feedback and feedforward


combined

237

control

226

feedback
control
controller
loop
penalty
trim
feedforward

5758

187 215216 237238

240

245

290

321

332

191

203 218219

221

290

293

305
215

232

295
2

186

237238

240

206

219 240241
109

112

214 224225 289291

194

206 215218 228232

332
control

183

255 277278
control gain

233

controller

219

gain

229 233234

225

312
230

372
Index Term

Links

fieldbus

112

fieldbus foundation

113

208

9092

116

filter
time constant

92

filtering

50

final control element

22

4849

187

214

231232

234

13
90

fine-tuning
first-order lag

251
coupled

4043

uncoupled

4041

first-order plus dead time (FOPDT)

39

43

5152

55

92

98

112

167

257 292293

295

302

305

311

339

344

76

214

216

108 187188

190

193

217

281

289

51 132134 137138

141

161

floating control

335

controller

103

130

flashing liquid

control loop

96

76

115

chart

80

45

Fisher-Rosemount

flow

263

132

228

75
144146
4851
49
197

253

315
flyball governor
food process
FOPDT

57
240
45

149 229230

232

284

299

297

forward decoupling

276277 280282

FOUNDATION fieldbus

112113

Foxboro EXACT
frequency response
fuel-to-air ratio

177
16
338

183

198

278

281

241

282

373
Index Term
function block

Links
104-106 108-109 113116

195

198

202

208 216217 229230

232

234

242

245

263

332

6465

69

71

77

85

97

124

126

128

137

143144

157

278

281

314

51

comprehensive

109

processing rate

109

gain

gap

346

action

94

gas transmission pipelines

52

gas-pressure loop

76

graph

63

Hgglund

176

headbox

292

heat and mass balance equations

288

heat exchanger
heater

54

17

23

28

39

80

188

190

342

228

286

191

267

heating, ventilating and air conditioning


(HVAC)
Heaviside, Oliver

12

hold function block

112

holdup time

159

Honeywell

109

Hurwitz

57

hydraulic analogy

36

hysteresis
IAE

167

169

39-40

4243

49
122123 155156

ideal decoupling

284

idealized process model

159

identification

315 331332

improving as found tuning

119

incorporating feedforward control

323

incremental

142

55

374
Index Term

Links

algorithm

106

form

104

mode

104

independent gains, of PID


independent variable

110

89 128129
2829

6263

indeterminate process gain

135

indirect effect

270

273

4546

58

industrial process control


inherent
initialization
inner loop
installed characteristics
integral

276

33
117-118

198

188

190

193

34

49

346

78

48

197
58

77

185
action

54

69 98100

126

128

297

341

112 123124

144

168

170

gain

129

mode

52

67

7276

8283

85

93

9697

110

126

291

68

8586

98

124

137 143144

157

179

54

135

of the error

122

response

69

time

51
129

tuning
integral-error criteria
integral-mode contribution

9798
122123
97

100

control

341

346

controller

346

integral-only

mode

85

integrating

37

55

process

37

46-47

138
integrator

124

321

52

375
Index Term
intelligent trial-and-error tuning
interact
controller

Links
119
47

267

291

87

PID

129

interaction

47

49

267

interactive

110

115

128

controller

86

91

form

89

130

interchangeability

274 276277

114

internal model
control

139

controller

309

interoperability

114

inverse response
processes

4647

291

311

55

inverted decoupler

284

configuration

286

inverted decoupling

305

276 280284

ISA
algorithm
form
symbols

115
87
1820

ISE

122123

ITAE

122123

ITSE

122123

lag time

234

Laguerre polynomials

332

Lambda tuning
Laplace
transform notation
transforms
Laplace, Pierre
lead
lead-lag

187

138139

295

69

72

201

86

90

292
11

300

12
234
85
278

229 231232 234235


281

242

376
Index Term

Links

control

338

ratio

230

233

arrest time

155

159

controller

47

loop

75

235

level

level-control
loop

54

system

47

linear
valve
Liptk
liquid-level control
loop

3334
49
257

344

94

119

54 149150

liquid-level controller

92

liquid-pressure loop

52

load
change

upset
logic function blocks
loop
Lopez
magnetic flow meter
magnitude ratio
manipulated variable
manual

135

2324

6364

188

227

23

28

30

42

63

67

71

120 122123

128

184

232

291

80

120

126

176

25

314

329

122

128

238

112
63
132

149

50
164166
22
112

116

160

174

reset

61

167

to automatic

94

198

manual/automatic switching

18

106 194-195

manufactured characteristics

3334

maximum rate of change

107

McAvoy

284

130

377
Index Term

Links

measured variables

29

microprocessor-based
control

82

89

102

controllers

76

92

173

system

96

104

107

middle-of-three

104

106

195

202

246

min./repeat

77

minutes per repeat

6870

model predictive control

123 128129

183

291

312

333

138

183

291

297

model-based
control
controller

58

modified Z-transforms

302

Moore Products Co.

110

move suppression

321322

multi-level cascade control

193

multiple-input, multiple-output processes

47

multiple-input

311

multiple-level cascade

197

multiple-output
multiplicative feedback
multiplicative feedforward
control
control capability

55

311
221225
244
33

232

242

natural frequency

153

negative feedback

2425

noise

305

161

163 165166

48

5051

54

75

90

123

126

129

137

141

159

173

179

noninteracting
controller
PID
noninteractive
controller
form
nonlinear

87
129
110

128

130
88

115

31

4849

378
Index Term
control

Links
168

nonlinearity

32-33

49

51

nonlinearization
nonrealizable

9294
282

nonselected controller

249 257258

260

non-self-regulating processes
normalized frequency ratio

35-36

262

123

149

65

128

142

132

141

143

264

163-165

normalized value

102

Nyquist diagrams

16

offset

63

on/off

57

on-demand tuning

173176

one-quarter decay

156

one-twentieth decay

156

open-loop test

119

174

tuning from

130

open-loop unstable

35

38

76

operating point

31

6667

100

130 173174

240

330
313

344

optimization

183

oscillation

4546

124

outer loop

188

190

outflow arrest time

155

output bias
adjustment

6064
153

response

124

overshoot

70

66

overdamped
override control

9899

183 245246

252 255257

263

312

330

344

100

102

120

122

138 178179
P
P&ID

193

130
1718

P/TI ratio

149

pairing

274

20
276

124

379
Index Term

Links

paper machine

292

partial decoupling

280

pass-through

257

283

285

performance criteria

120

period

140 142144

146

petrochemical industry

276

petroleum refinery

313

heater

286

pH control

94

phase lag

85

PI

18

standard

6869

98 100101

126 129130

146

152 247249

254 271272

294 296297

99

PID

18

20

57

59

68

76

79

85

92

102 105107 109110

112

119 128130

178

198

203 247248 261262

291

294

9798
115116

ideal

350

76

79

86

83

89 103104

76
8687

parallel
standard

297
8687

ISA form of
noninteractive form

179
59

252

interactive form

159

89
7981

pipeline industry

254

Piping and Instrumentation Diagram (P&ID)

17

plastic extrusion

28

350

point

290

position

103

position-mode

218

261

algorithm

174

219

positive feedback

24

276

power generation industry

24

380
Index Term

Links

pre-act

77

predicted value

74

prediction horizon
predictive nature
predictor

315

318

326

75
230

pressure
control
control loop
controller

52
51
108

loop

52

reducing station

51

primary
controller

253

187
82

108

197 207208
principal disturbance

217

process

226

behavior

142

characteristics

232

control

12

control engineer
controller

187 189190
276

281

28

57

194

71

27
253

design engineer

27

dynamic behavior

55

dynamic characteristics

226

dynamics

119

278

engineer

17

27

flow diagram

22

gain

16

3133

38

45

51

55

130

133

135

137

219221

225

230

269

271

273

293

307

337

graph

2931

54

6364

66

heater

32

51

203

216

229

232

246

338

227

381
Index Term

Links

model

130

139

217

296

330

332

response

132

176

time constant

130

variable

226 291294

22

2425

6162

74

84

102

108

111

174

184

227

238

245

267

281

294

297

311

314

329

processing cycle

102

product quality

238

programmable controllers

109

prop. band

77

proportional

58

77

238

band

48

5152

54

6263

7071

97

99100

102

124

128

143144

167

179

65

74

59

69

7273

8485

93

110

126

contribution

83

control

5960

controller

5961

gain

128130

proportional mode
contribution

73

on error

85

104

on measurement

82

85

104

proportional response

69

80

8283

92

proportional-band

63

6364

71

75

proportional-only
control
controller

167
61

proportional-on-measurement configuration
option

85

proportional-plus-derivative control

74

proportional-plus-integral controller

71

pseudo-dead time

45

382
Index Term
pseudo-time constant
pulp and paper industry
pulse-response model
pure dead time
PV tracking

Links
45
139

253

330331
292
95

quadratic programming

330

quarter-amplitude decay

120

128 142144

146

149

153
quarter-DIN controllers

173

quarter-wave damping

120

quarter-wave decay

120

quick-opening

33

valve

49

ramp generator
rangeability
rate action

7273
346348
77

rate of change

329

of variable

311

ratio

176

32

51

109

112 201203

222

225

231

238 254255

270

290

292

33

183

187 201203 205206

208

238

268

realizability

282283

285

realizable

278279

282

284
342

ratio control

decoupling elements

280

reboiler

253

267

reference trajectory

321

323

reflux

267

relative gain

270 272275

analysis
array
matrix

269

285

276

270271 274275
275

repeats per minute

70

repeats/min.

77

123

128

383
Index Term
reset

Links
67

69

77

126

128

238
action
feedback

143
9899

preload

102

windup

9798

251

reverse action

197

247

291

reverse-acting

2425

31

60

66

7475

80

83

102

115

205

259

335

controller

61

RGA

276

rise time

122

root locus

16

Routh

57

runaway

37

SAMA

18

SAMA symbols

55 169170

2021

187

sample period

302

320

sample-and-hold operation

299

301

sampled data step-response model

314

sampling period

299

sampling time

299

scheduled tuning

168 173174

201

305
176

262

108

159

170

189190 194195

197

208

Scientific Apparatus Makers


Association (SAMA)
secondary
controller

18
187
82

second-order system

152

selected controller

258

selector

98

control

245

device

246

switch

245

262

264

187

384
Index Term

Links

self-regulating

35

37

5152

55

process

36

38-39

45

52

123

130

138

314

2324

6164

6667

6970

74

80

97

99100

102

108

111

116

174

184

188

203

240

286

291

297

self-tuning
set point

173

323
change

filtering
of the feedforward controller

8082

8485

138

144 146147

295

315

response

120

152

softening

80

122

9496

112

122

126

Shinskey

88

268

shrink-and-swell

47

161

side lag

43

Siemens

110

signal generator
signal selector

153

305

309

225
85

settling time

151

85

ramping

tracking

120 122123 128129

198

69
249

simple single-input,
single-output processes

314

single-station controllers

109

sinusoidal disturbance

161

SISO process

321

Smar

115

Smith predictor

324

291294 296297

softwiring

104

split-range control

335

S-shaped curve

130

299

385
Index Term
stability
status bits

Links
124 283285
117118

steady-state
offset

66

characteristics

28

54

error

124

gain

1314

269

271

offset

6364

66

7172

75

124

167
steam generators
stem position

338
49

step- and pulse-response

331

step response

130 326327

step-load change

228

sustained oscillation

139142

tank holdup time

151

tank time constant

151

Taylor Instrument Co.

132

temperature control loop


temperature controller

332

17

158

51

76

76 187188

190

197

216

66

191

193

213

16

38

4041

43

51 133134

136

167

176

231 284285

291

293

295

297

302

304

314

335

349

223
thermostat
three-element drum level-control
throughput

5758
47
238

time
constant

14

delay

15

proportioning control

58

proportioning controllers

350

tower flooding

253

transducer block

116

386
Index Term

Links

transfer function

11

13

1516

45

9899

152

227

229

231

277

143

150

138

188

283 295296
transmitter

23

113

transport lag

15

38

119

123

tube temperature

246252

329

controller

247248

trial-and-error tuning

tuning

aids
log

179
149

map

123

126

the decoupler

285

values, typical

170

two degree of freedom

84

two-position control

57
273276

ultimate gain

140

177

ultimate period

140

142

ultimate proportional band

140

unconstrained MPC for MIMO Processes

324

uncoupled
undamped natural frequency

161
45

unrealizable

279

usual controller tuning

293

actuator
characteristics
gain
position

176

3940

underdamped

valve

127

119

146147

ultimate effect

331
116

22

153

43

240

55

193

198
33
160
2829

43 106107

194
position controller
positioner

253 341342
49
335

113

344

346

116

151

194

387
Index Term

Links

rangeability

335

variable pairing

268

velocity (incremental)

104 261-262

digital algorithm
vortex meter
water supply systems, hot or chilled
wild flow
windup
Wobbe index
Ziegler-Nichols
Z-transforms

274
265

218
50
343
201202
98

107

195 197198

249

252

255

260

88 131132

167

297

217
299300

302

304

247

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