ME3122/ME3122E

NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE

ME3122/ME3122E HEAT TRANSFER (Semester I : AY2010/2011) Time Allowed : 2 Hours

INSTRUCTIONS TO CANDIDATES:

1.

This examination paper contains FOUR (4) questions and comprises THREE (3) printed pages.

2.

Answer ALL FOUR (4) questions.

3.

A Handbook of Heat Transfer Equations, Tables and Charts is provided. Tables of Thermodynamic and Transport Properties of Fluids (5th Ed) SI Units by Y.R Mayhew and G.F.C. Rogers are provided.

4.

5.

Programmable calculators are NOT allowed for this examination

4.

This is a CLOSED-BOOK EXAMINATION.

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ME3122/ME3122E

QUESTION 1 Aluminum square fins, 0.5 mm x 0.5 mm, of 10 mm length, are provided on the surface of an electronic semiconductor device to dissipate 50 mW of energy generated by the electronic device. The temperature of the surface of the device should not exceed 75oC while the temperature of the surrounding medium is 34oC. The heat transfer coefficient, h =15 W/m2K, and the thermal conductivity of aluminum is 195 W/m K. Find the number of fins required to carry out the above duty for the following conditions: (a) (b) The tip of the fin is at the same temperature as the surroundings. There is no heat transfer from the tip of the fins (12 marks) (13 marks)

State clearly the assumptions made in the solution of the problem.

QUESTION 2 (a) Air at 1 atmospheric pressure and 20oC flows over a thin-walled cylindrical copper pipe at 40 m/s. The copper pipe has a diameter of 2.0 cm and a length of 3.0 m, and is maintained at a uniform temperature of 72oC by hot water flowing through it. Determine the rate of convective heat loss from the outer surface of the pipe to the air. (9 marks) Water at 90oC enters the smooth copper pipe in (a) at a mean velocity of 0.10m/s. Assuming that the flow is fully developed, and that the convective heat transfer rate from the water to the pipe is the same as in (a), determine: (i) the temperature of water at the pipe exit; (ii) the log mean temperature difference between the water and the pipe; (iii) the convective heat transfer coefficient for the pipe inner surface; and (iv) the overall heat transfer coefficient of the pipe as a heat exchanger. (16 marks)

(b)

You may assume the following average thermal properties of air: Density = 1.109 kg/m3; Specific heat capacity = 1007 J/kg.K; Thermal conductivity = 0.027 W/m.K; Prandtl number = 0.724; Dynamic viscosity = 1.941 x 10-5 kg/m.s; and the following average thermal properties of water: Density = 971.8 kg/m3; Specific heat capacity = 4197 J/kg.K; Thermal conductivity = 0.670 W/m.K; Prandtl number = 2.22; Dynamic viscosity = 3.55 x 10-4 kg/m.s

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ME3122/ME3122E

QUESTION 3 Two concentric spheres of diameters D1 = 0.1 m and D2 = 0.3 m are maintained at uniform temperature T1 = 500C and T2 = 300C, respectively. (a) Calculate the radiation exchange between the spheres if the surfaces are black. (5 marks) If the surfaces are gray with emissivities 1 = 0.4 (for the sphere at 500C) and 2 = 0.6 (for the sphere at 300C), calculate the reduction in radiation exchange between the spheres. (8 marks) To further reduce the radiation exchange in 3(b), a spherical radiation shield of diameter D3 = 0.2 m having an emissivity 3 = 0.1 on both sides is placed concentrically between the spheres in 3(b). Determine the equilibrium temperature of the radiation shield. (12 marks)

(b)

(c)

QUESTION 4 A shell-and-tube heat exchanger consists of 1 shell pass and 4 tube passes. A hot gas enters the shell-side of the heat exchanger at 250 C and leaves at 80 C with a flow rate of 0.8 kg/s. Water enters the tubes at 30 C and is to be heated to 75 C. The overall heat transfer coefficient is 65 W/m2.K. (a) Determine the mass flow rate of the water and the area of the heat exchanger. (11 marks) If the flow rate of the hot gas is reduced to 0.38 kg/s with the inlet temperature of the two fluids and the mass flow rate of water unchanged, determine the outlet temperature of the two fluids. (9 marks) If the length of each pass of the tubes is 1.2 m and the diameter of each tube is 1.25 cm, determine the number of tubes in the heat exchanger. (5 marks)

(b)

(c)

The specific heat capacities of the hot gas and water are 1.01 kJ/kg K and 4.20 kJ/kg K, respectively.

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