"STIFFNER13" --- STEEL BEAM WEB STIFFENER ANALYSIS

Program Description:
"STIFFNER" is a spreadsheet program written in MS-Excel for the purpose of analysis of steel beams subject to concentrated loads. Specifically, web yielding, web crippling, and web buckling criteria are checked to determine if web stiffeners are required to resist the concentrated load. If stiffeners are required, the stiffener size and weld requirements are determined. This program is a workbook consisting of three (3) worksheets, described as follows:

Worksheet Name
Doc Beam Stiffeners Beam Stiffeners (Table)

Description
This documentation sheet Steel beam web stiffener analysis for concentrated loads Steel beam web stiffener analysis for concentrated loads (table version)

Program Assumptions and Limitations:

1. This program follows the procedures and guidelines of the AISC 13th Edition Allowable Stress (ASD) Manual for wide flange beams subjected to concentrated compressive loads per Chapter J10, pages 16.1-115 to 16.1-121. 2. This program uses the database of member dimensions and section properties from the "AISC Shapes Database", Version 13.0 (2005) as well as the AISC 13th Edition (ASD) Manual (2005). 3. For the purpose of determining the total composite section to be considered for resisting the compressive load, the program assumes a spacing of 3" center-to-center between the stiffener pairs. Thus the total effective strips of web to be included in the composite section along with the stiffeners are as follows: For interior condition (P or R > d/2): 1-pair: 25*tw 2-pairs: 25*tw+3" 3-pairs: 25*tw+6" For end condition (P or R <= d/2): 1-pair: 12*tw 2-pairs: 12*tw+3" 3-pairs: 12*tw+6" 4. This program contains numerous comment boxes which contain a wide variety of information including explanations of input or output items, equations used, data tables, etc. (Note: presence of a comment box is denoted by a red triangle in the upper right-hand corner of a cell. Merely move the mouse pointer to the desired cell to view the contents of that particular "comment box".)

ALYSIS

heet concentrated loads trated loads (table version)

"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3

STEEL BEAM WEB STIFFENER ANALYSIS

Project Name: Project No.: Input Data: Beam Size: Select: Beam Load or End Reaction: Load or Reaction? (P/R) P or R = Design Parameters: Beam Yield, Fy = Bearing Length, N = Bearing Width, B = Unbraced Length, Lb = Distance to P or R, x = Actual Moment, Ma = Yield Moment, My = Loaded Flg. Restrained? Stiffener Thickness, ts = Stiffener Yield, Fys = Number of Stiff. Pairs = Beam Properties: d= tw = bf = tf = k= Sx = Results: W18x35
x = 10 P = 30 N = 12

Flange Local Bending, Web Yielding, Crippling, Buckling, and Stiffener Criteria for Concentrated Load or Reaction Per AISC 13th Edition Manual (ASD) Client: Prep. By: Date:

P 30.00 33 12.000 6.000 20.000 10.000 2.0 158.4 No 3/8 36 1-Pair

kips ksi in. in. ft. ft. ft.-kips ft.-kips Stiffener (NS & FS)

k = 0,827

N+5*k
Stiffener (NS & FS)

N+2.5*k

k = 0,827 x R

W18x35

in.
ksi

Nomenclature
N
Notes: 1. When stiffeners are required, program assumes full height stiffeners. 2. Only 1-pair of stiffeners depicted at either

17.700 0.300 6.000 0.425 0.827 57.60

in. in. in. in. in. in.^3

reaction or load (if required) but may be 2-pairs or 3-pairs spaced 3" o.c.

Gross Shear Capacity of Beam Web: Rv = N.A. kips Local Flange Bending: Rfb = N.A.

Rvg = (1/1.5)*0.60*Fyb*Cv*Avg

(Not applicable for

kips

Rfb = (1/1.67)*6.25*tf^2*Fy

(Not applicable for ts > Local Web Yielding: Rwy = 106.49 Web Crippling: Rwc = (Criteria is for P away from beam end per AISC Eqn. J10-2) Rwy = (1/1.5)*Fy*tw*(N+5*k) (Criteria is for P away from beam end per AISC Eqn. J10-4) Rwc = (1/2)*0.80*tw^2*[1+3(N/d)*(tw/tf)^1.5]*sqrt(E*Fy*tf/tw)

kips

Rwy >= P, O

92.48

kips

Rwc >= P, O

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3

Sidesway Web Buckling: h= 16.046 Cr = 960,000 (dc/tw)/(Lb/bf) = 1.337 Rwb = 23.25

in. ksi kips

(Criteria is for beam with unrestrained top flange per AISC Eqn. J10-7) h = d-2*k Cr = 960,000 ksi when 1.5*Ma < My Critical ratio for sidesway web buckling <= 1.7, this check is required Rwb = (1/1.76)*Cr*(tw^3/h^2)*tf*(0.4*((h/tw)/(Lb/bf))^3) Rwb < P, F Conclusion: Stiffeners for beam web are required

Beam Web Stiffener Design: (Note: stiffeners are assumed to be full depth, from flange to flange.) Stiffener Width: bs(min) = bs = 1.850 2.500
in. in.

bs(min) = bf/3-tw/2 bs = bf/2-tw/2 (rounded down to nearest 1/2 inch)

Stiffener Thickness: ts(min) = 0.213

in.

ts(min) = larger of: tf/2 or bs/15

ts >= ts(min), O

Check Stiffener Slenderness and Compressive Stress: h/t = 0.76 kc = max{ 0.35, min[ 0.76, 4/sqrt(h/t) ] }, h/t = 25 for int. & 12 for ext. b/t = 6.67 b/t = bs/ts b/t(max) = 15.84 b/t(max) = 0.64*SQRT(kc*E/Fys) K= 0.75 (assumed effective length factor per AISC Code, page 16.1-121) L= 16.05 in. L = h = d-2*k I= 4.67 in.^4 I = 2*(ts*bs^3/12+(ts*bs)*(bs/2+tw/2)^2)+(25*tw)*tw^3/12 A= 4.13 in.^2 A = 2*(ts*bs)+(25*tw)*tw r= 1.064 in. r = SQRT(I/A) fa = 7.27 ksi fa =P/A KL/r = 11.31 (effective slenderness ratio for compression) Fe = p^2*29000/ (KL/r)^2 Fe = 2236.6 Fa = 21.56 ksi If KL/r <= 25 then Fa = (1/1.67)*Fy (Eqn. J4-6) If KL/r <= 4.71*sqrt(E/Fys) then Fa = (1/1.67)*[ 0.658^(Fy/Fe) ]*Fy If KL/r > 4.71*sqrt(E/Fys) then Fa = (1/1.67)*0.877*Fe Fa >= fa, O Stiffener Welding to Beam Flange: Ps = 6.75 kips Ps = P-(Minimum of Rfb, Rwy, Rwc, or Rwb) (design force) Lw = 7.00 in. Lw = (bs-0.75)*4 fw = 0.96 kips/in. fw = Ps/Lw w(req'd) = w(req'd) = fw/((SQRT(2)/2)*(0.30*70)) 0.0650 in. (size) w(min) = w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67 0.1875 in. w(max) = w(max) = 0.1818 in. 0.40*Fys*ts/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.30*70*2) Weld req'd. <= weld max., O Stiffener Welding to Beam Web: Ps = 6.75 kips Ps = P-(Minimum of Rfb, Rwy, Rwc, or Rwb) (design force) Lw = 62.18 in. Lw = (d-2*(k+0.25))*4 fw = 0.11 kips/in. fw = Ps/Lw w(req'd) = w(req'd) = fw/((SQRT(2)/2)*(0.30*70)) 0.0073 in. (size) w(min) = w(min) = Min. fillet weld size from AISC Table J2.4, page 5-67 3/16 in. w(max) = w(max) = 0.1333 in. 0.40*Fy*tw/((SQRT(2)/2)*0.3*70*2) Weld req'd. <= weld max., O

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3

L BEAM WEB STIFFENER ANALYSIS

, Web Yielding, Crippling, Buckling, and Stiffener Criteria Load or Reaction Per AISC 13th Edition Manual (ASD)

d=17,7

(Not applicable for P)

(Not applicable for ts > 0)

Rwy >= P, O.K.

Rwc >= P, O.K.

(continued)

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3

Criteria is for beam with unrestrained top flange per AISC Eqn. J10-7)

Critical ratio for sidesway web buckling <= 1.7, this check is required Rwb < P, Fail

Note: stiffeners are assumed to be full depth, from flange to flange.)

ts >= ts(min), O.K.

kc = max{ 0.35, min[ 0.76, 4/sqrt(h/t) ] }, h/t = 25 for int. & 12 for ext.

Fa >= fa, O.K.

Weld req'd. <= weld max., O.K.

Weld req'd. <= weld max., O.K.

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3

STEEL BEAM WEB STIFFENER ANALYSIS

Project Name: Project No.: Input Data:
N

Flange Local Bending, Web Yielding, Crippling, Buckling, and Stiffener Criteria for Concentrated Load or Reaction Per AISC 13th Edition Manual (ASD) Client: Prep. By: Date:

Beam Yield Stress, Fyb = Stiffener Yield, Fys =

50 36

ksi ksi x

P k
Stiffener (NS & FS)

N+5*k d
Stiffener (NS & FS)

N+2.5*k

k x R N

Beam

Nomenclature

Beam, Location, or Node I.D.

1-200 1-200

Beam Size W18x35 W18x35

Load or Reaction?
(P or R)

Load or Reaction P or R
(kips)

Unbraced Length Lb
(ft.)

Distance to P or R x
(ft.)

Is Loaded Flange Restrained?

(Yes / No)

Stiffener Thk. ts
(in.)

Bearing Length, N
(in.)

Bearing Width, B
(in.)

Actual Moment Ma
(ft.-kips)

Yield Moment My
(ft.-kips)

No. of Stiffener Pairs

(1, 2, or 3)

Web Shear Rv
(kips)

When stiffeners are required, program assumes full height stiffeners. Only 1-pair of stiffeners is depicted at either reaction or load (if required) in sketch at left, but may be 2-pairs or 3-pairs spaced 3" o.c. Beam gross web shear: Rv = (1/1.5)*0.60*Cv*Fy*d*tw (per AISC Eqn. G2-1) Beam flange local bending: Rv = (1/1.67)*6.25*tf^2*Fy (AISC Eqn. J10-1). If B < 0.15*bf, then need not perform this check. Note: When concentrated force to be resisted is applied at a distance from the member end that is less than 10*tf, Rn shall be reduced by 50 percent. 5. Beam local web yielding: For load away from beam end per AISC Eqn. J10-2 where x > d: Rwy = (1/1.5)*Fy*tw*(N+5*k) For load near beam end per AISC Eqn. J10-3 where x <= d: Rwy = (1/1.5)*Fy*tw*(N+2.5*k) 6. Beam web crippling: For load away from beam end per AISC Eqn. J10-4 where x > d/2: Rwc = (1/2)*0.80*tw^2*(1+3*(N/d)*(tw/tf)^1.5)*SQRT(E*Fy*tf/tw) For load near beam end per AISC Eqn. J10-5a where x <= d/2 & N/d <= 0.2: Rwc = (1/2)*0.40*tw^2*(1+3*(N/d)*(tw/tf)^1.5)*SQRT(E*Fy*tf/tw) For load near beam end per AISC Eqn. J10-5b where x <= d/2 & N/d > 0.2: Rwc = (1/2)*0.40*tw^2*(1+(4*N/d - 0.2)*(tw/tf)^1.5)*SQRT(E*Fy*tf/tw) 7. Beam sidesway web buckling: If loaded flange is restrained and if (h/tw)/(Lb/bf) <=2.3, sidesway web buckling check is required, and capacity of beam is per AISC Eqn. J10-6: Rwb = (1/1.76)*tf*(Cr*tw^3/h^2)*{1+0.4*[ (h/tw)/(Lb/bf) ]^3} , where: h = d-2*k, and Cr = 960,000 ksi when 1.5*Ma < My, and 480,000 ksi when 1.5*Ma >= My If loaded flange is restrained and if (h/tw)/(Lb/bf) > 2.3, sidesway web buckling will not occur. If loaded flange is not restrained and if (h/tw)/(Lb/bf) <=1.7, sidesway web buckling check is required, and capacity of beam is per AISC Eqn. J10-7: Rwb = (1/1.76)*tf*(Cr*tw^3/h^2)*{0.4*[ (h/tw)/(Lb/bf) ]^3} , where: h = d-2*k, and Cr = 960,000 ksi when 1.5*Ma < My, and 480,000 ksi when 1.5*Ma >= My If loaded flange is not restrained and if (h/tw)/(Lb/bf) > 1.7, sidesway web buckling will not occur. 8. Stiffener width used: bs = bf/2-tw/2 (rounded down to nearest 1/2 inch) 9. Minimum thickness of stiffeners: ts(min) = larger of: tf/2 or bs/15 10. An effective length factor, K = 0.75, per AISC Code, page 16.1-121 is used in determining allowable compressive stress (Fa) of stiffener and applicable portion of beam web. 11. For 1-pair of stiffeners, assumed effective width of beam web to be included in composite section is: for interior load (P): 25*tw , for end load/reaction (R): 12*tw For 2-pairs of stiffeners, assumed effective width of beam web to be included in composite section is: for interior load (P): 25*tw+3" , for end load/reaction (R): 12*tw+3" For 3-pairs of stiffeners, assumed effective width of beam web to be included in composite section is: for interior load (P): 25*tw+6" , for end load/reaction (R): 12*tw+6" 12. When stiffeners are required, stiffener design force is: Ps = (P or R) - (Minimum of Rwy, Rwc, or Rwb) Beam Web Capacity Checks (without stiffeners) Max. P or R Are Stiffener Design Flg Bending Web Yielding Web Crippling Sidesway Web Buckling without Stiffeners Width Min. Thk. Actual Stress Allow. Stress Stiffener Welding to Beam Flange Stiffener Welding to Beam Web w(req'd) w(min) w(max) w(req'd) w(min) Rfb Rwy Rwc Rwb Stiffeners Req'd.? bs ts(min) fa Fa
(kips) (kips) (kips) (kips) (kips) (Yes / No) (in.) (in.) (ksi) (ksi) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.) (in.)

Assumptions: 1. 2. 3. 4.

R P

30.00 30.00

20.000 20.000

0.500 10.000

No No

3/8 3/8

12.000 12.000

6.000 0.500

240.00 2.00

240.00 240.00

1 1

106.20 N.A.

N.A. N.A.

140.68 161.35

64.23 113.83

11.62 23.25

11.62 23.25

**Yes** **Yes**

2.500 2.500

0.213 0.213

10.15 7.27

21.56 21.56

0.177 0.065

3/16 3/16

0.182 0.182

0.020 0.007

3/16 3/16

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3 Beam, Location, or Node I.D. Load or Reaction?
(P or R)

Beam Size

Load or Reaction P or R
(kips)

Unbraced Length Lb
(ft.)

Distance to P or R x
(ft.)

Is Loaded Flange Restrained?

(Yes / No)

Stiffener Thk. ts
(in.)

Bearing Length, N
(in.)

Bearing Width, B
(in.)

Actual Moment Ma
(ft.-kips)

Yield Moment My
(ft.-kips)

No. of Stiffener Pairs

(1, 2, or 3)

Web Shear Rv
(kips)

Beam Web Capacity Checks (without stiffeners) Flg Bending Web Yielding Web Crippling Sidesway Web Buckling Rfb Rwy Rwc Rwb
(kips) (kips) (kips) (kips)

Max. P or R without Stiffeners

(kips)

Are Stiffeners Req'd.?

(Yes / No)

Width bs
(in.)

Min. Thk. ts(min)

(in.)

Actual Stress fa
(ksi)

Allow. Stress Fa
(ksi)

Stiffener Design Stiffener Welding to Beam Flange w(req'd) w(min) w(max)

(in.) (in.) (in.)

Stiffener Welding to Beam Web w(req'd) w(min)

(in.) (in.)

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3 Beam, Location, or Node I.D. Load or Reaction?
(P or R)

Beam Size

Load or Reaction P or R
(kips)

Unbraced Length Lb
(ft.)

Distance to P or R x
(ft.)

Is Loaded Flange Restrained?

(Yes / No)

Stiffener Thk. ts
(in.)

Bearing Length, N
(in.)

Bearing Width, B
(in.)

Actual Moment Ma
(ft.-kips)

Yield Moment My
(ft.-kips)

No. of Stiffener Pairs

(1, 2, or 3)

Web Shear Rv
(kips)

Beam Web Capacity Checks (without stiffeners) Flg Bending Web Yielding Web Crippling Sidesway Web Buckling Rfb Rwy Rwc Rwb
(kips) (kips) (kips) (kips)

Max. P or R without Stiffeners

(kips)

Are Stiffeners Req'd.?

(Yes / No)

Width bs
(in.)

Min. Thk. ts(min)

(in.)

Actual Stress fa
(ksi)

Allow. Stress Fa
(ksi)

Stiffener Design Stiffener Welding to Beam Flange w(req'd) w(min) w(max)

(in.) (in.) (in.)

Stiffener Welding to Beam Web w(req'd) w(min)

(in.) (in.)

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3

Stiffener Design Stiffener Welding to Beam Web w(max)

(in.)

Beam Properties

0.182 0.182

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3 Stiffener Design Stiffener Welding to Beam Web w(max)
(in.)

Beam Properties

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"STIFFNER13.xls" Program Version 1.3 Stiffener Design Stiffener Welding to Beam Web w(max)
(in.)

Beam Properties

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