Audio Circuits

Week 6 - Lecture 2
Mark Bocko & Dave Anderson
Topics:
Guitar amplier schematic
Tone control
Gain and distortion
Speaker cabinet design
1
Full Schematic
2
TL072
TL072
Tone
Gain Volume
Tone control circuit
3
in
out
-

+
5.6 k
50 k
10 nF
(1-g)R
f
gR
f
C
f
-

+
Z
f

Z
in

G =
Z
f
Z
in
0 g 1
Z
f
= (1 g)R
f
+
1
jC
f
gR
f
1
jC
f
+ gR
f
G =
1
R
in
(1 g)R
f
+
gR
f
1 + jgR
f
C
f
Frequency response versus tone
pot setting
4
in
out
-

+
5.6 k
50 k
10 nF
g
0.0
0.4
0.2
0.8
0.6
1.0
G =
1
R
in
(1 g)R
f
+
gR
f
1 + jgR
f
C
f
Gain control - distortion
5
Diode
I
+ V -
I = I
0
e
V V
T
1
( )
V
T
0.026 V
V/V
T
-0.5
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
-3 -2 -1 0 1 2 3
I
V
in
0
R
in
=
0 V
out
R
f
+ I
0
e
(0V
out
) V
T
1
( )
KCL: i
1
= i
2
+ i
3
V
in
= R
in
I
0
e
V
out
V
T
1

V
out
R
f

V
in
-

+
R
in
V
out

i
1
i
3
R
f
i
2
Cant solve analytically for V
out
but
we can use a graphical technique
Graphical solution for V
out
vs. V
in

6
V
in
= R
in
I
0
e
V
out
V
T
1

V
out
R
f

Find V
in
as a function of
V
out
but then plot it as
V
out
vs. V
in

But dont forget that this
is an inverting amplier
conguration!

Thats why we plotted the

magnitude of the transfer
function.
Making the transfer function symmetrical
7
V
out

V
in
D
1
conducts for V
in
> 0,
(V
out
will be negative)

D
2
conducts for V
in
< 0,
(V
out
will be positive)
V
in
-

+
R
in
V
out

R
f
D
1
D
2
D
2
forward
biased
D
1
forward
biased
Initial slope (Gain)
is determined by
R
f
/R
in
Speaker Cabinet Design
Guitar ampliers normally
have an open back so the
cabinet has little acoustical
effect
8
Bass cabinet design to
obtain better bass
response from the
amplier the cabinet
should be properly sized.
Thiele-Small parameters for project speaker
9
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Following Robs Week 5 Lecture 1 example
10
f
s
= 40 Hz
Q
ts
= 0.424
V
AS
= 26.93 liters
Choose Q
cb
= 1 so Q
cb
/Q
ts
= 2.36
V
as
V
box
=
Q
cb
Q
ts

2
1
V
as
V
box
= 2.36
( )
2
1 = 4.57
V
box
=
V
AS
4.57
=
26.93
4.57
= 5.89 liters = 5890 cm
3
Using the ratio, 0.618 : 1 : 1.618
% % we nd approximately
% % %11 cm x 18 cm x 29 cm
11 cm
18 cm
29 cm