MALNUTRITION By: IN INDIA

Aasim Khan Achint Kumar Arun Jadaun Dhruv Kulshrestha Hemendra Singh Jaidev Khatri Shikha Yadav

What is Malnutrition?

Malnutrition is the condition that results from taking an unbalanced diet in which certain nutrients are lacking, in excess (too high an intake), or in the wrong proportions.

A.

Types: Under nutrition

Protein Energy Micronutrient

B.

Over nutrition

Indicators
Stunted: Low height-for-age. Also known as chronic malnutrition, Wasted: Low weight-for-height. Also known as acute malnutrition. Carries an immediate increased risk of morbidity and mortality. Underweight: Low weight for age. Represent inadequate linear growth and poor body proportions caused by under nutrition.

Every fifth young child in the world lives in India Every second young child in India is malnourished

Three out of four young children in India are anaemic

Every second newborn in India is at risk of reduced learning capacity due to iodine deficiency Malnutrition limits development potential and active learning capacity of the child

Facts about child nutrition in India

Cause of 50% of deaths among children.
Nearly half (46%) of children under 3 years of age are underweight. This number of malnourished children is equivalent to the entire population of Canada. 1 in 3 children under 3 years of age are stunted, as a result of poor nutrition. 1 in 5 children below 3 years of age are wasted 8 in 10 children of 6 35 months of age are anemic.

CURRENT SCENARIO

Percentage distibution of nutritional statusof children <3 yrs.

48
50 45 40 35 30 25 20 15 10 5 0

49.8 43.7

42.5
39.9

20.4

India

Rajasthan

Underweight Children

Stunted Children

Wasted Children

Source- NFHS- 3

Anemia status in children 6-35 months

45

40.2 40.2

40

35

30

26.3
22.8
India Rajasthan

25

20

15

10

6.7 2.9

mild

moderate

severe

Source- NFHS- 3

Percentage of children in age 6- 59 months

18.2
20 18 16

14

10
12

India
10 8 6 4 2 0

Rajasthan

4.7 1

Children given vitamin A supplements in last 6 months

Children given iron supplements in last 7 days

Source- NFHS- 3

Utilization of ICDS by children <6 yrs.

50 45 40 35 30

48.9

37.2 32.9 26.3 21.1 17.3 20 22.8 18.2 9.6 10.3 9.6
India

25
20 15 10 5 0

12.9

15.8

Rajasthan

% of children who received any services

% of children who received food supplements

% of children received immunizations

% of children who received health checkups

% of children who went for early childhood care/preschool

% of children who were weighed

% whose mothers received counselling from an AWC after child was weighed

Source- NFHS- 3

Child feeding practices in percentage

56
60

46
50

38.7 33.2 23.6 13.3

India Rajasthan

40

30

20

10

children <3 yrs initiated breastfeeding within 1 hr.

children <5 months exclusively breastfed

children of 6-9 months receiving solid or semi solid food & breast milk

Source- NFHS- 3

GAPs

Current program lays more emphasis on the provision of supplementary feeding and preschool education to children four to six years old. Children under three years do not get micronutrient supplements Parents are not reached with counseling on better feeding and child care practices using family budget.

Overburdened community workers.

OBJECTIVES

To focus on supplementary feeding of children in 06 months. To improve parent and community participation. To improve monthly growth monitoring by interpersonal communication with the care takers.

STRATEGIES

ICDS
BCC
Severely Malnourished

Program Specification

Severely Malnourished

Identification Monitoring Mentoring Special Units: A. Three Meals B. Education and BCC

Program Specifications

Daily Meals IEC, BCC, Community Participation, Effective monitoring and evaluation Education and capacity building Sanitation ASHA along with Anganwadi Incentive based program

Interventions

Sensitization / Uni-direction Parents (Decision Maker) NGO and CBOs involvement

Tracking system Nutritional Chart (children) Information Flow (monitoring)

Observation of fixed day fixed site MCH& Nutrition day where father & family members are also involved

References:

Fact Sheet (Nutrition and child health India) USAID Fact Sheet NFHS-3 Registrar General of India 2008 Census

THANK YOU!