Bi tp nng cao i s 9

Bai tap nang cao chng i ai so 9

Bi 1: C hay khng mt s thc x cho
1
x 15 v 15
x
+
u l s
nguyn
Bi 2: Tm x, y tha mn cc phng trnh sau:
a)
2 2
x 4x 5 9y 6y 1 1 + + + b)
2 2
6y y 5 x 6x 10 1 +
Bi 3: Rt gn cc biu thc:
a)
13 30 2 9 4 2 + + +
b)
m 2 m 1 m 2 m 1 + +
c)
2 3. 2 2 3. 2 2 2 3. 2 2 2 3 + + + + + + + +
Bi 4: Rt gn cc biu thc:
a)
( ) ( )
6 2 6 3 2 6 2 6 3 2
A
2
+ + + +

` b)
9 6 2 6
B
3

Bi 5: So snh:
a)
6 20 v 1 6 + +
b)
17 12 2 v 2 1 + +
c)
28 16 3 v 3 2
Bi 6: Rt gn a)
110 70
22 14
+
+
b)
42 6
21 18

c)
12 18 6
2 6 2
+
+
d)
( )
2
10 1 3
10 3 1

+
Bi 7: Tnh a)
5 3 29 6 20
b)
2 3 5 13 48 + +
c)
7 48 28 16 3 . 7 48
_
+ +

,
Bi 8: Chng minh:
2 2
a a b a a b
a b
2 2
+
t t
(vi a , b > 0 v a
2

b > 0)
p dng kt qu ny rt gn:
a)
2 3 2 3
2 2 3 2 2 3
+
+
+ +
b)
3 2 2 3 2 2
17 12 2 17 12 2
+

+
c)
2 3. 2 4 2 3. 2 2 2 3. 2 2 2 3 + + + + + + + +
d)
2 10 30 2 2 6 2
:
2 10 2 2 3 1
+

Bi 9: Cho biu thc
2
2
2x x 1
P(x)
3x 4x 1

+
a) Tm tt c cc gi tr ca x P(x) xc nh. Rt gn P(x).
b) Chng minh rng nu x > 1 th P(x).P(-x) < 0
Bi 10: Cho biu thc:
2
x 2 4 x 2 x 2 4 x 2
A
4 4
1
x x
+ + + +

+
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
a) Rt gn biu thc A. b) Tm cc s nguyn x biu thc A l
mt s nguyn.
Bi 11: Tm gi tr ln nht (nu c) hoc gi tr nh nht (nu c)
ca cc biu thc sau:
a)
2
9 x
b) x x (x 0) > c) 1 2 x + d) x 5 4 e) 1 2 1 3x
g)
2
2x 2x 5 +
h)
2
1 x 2x 5 + +
i)
1
2x x 3 +
Bi 12: Chng minh cc bt ng thc sau:
a) 27 6 48 + > b)
5 5 5 5
10 0
5 5 5 5
+
+ <
+
c)
2 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1,9 + + >
d)
5 1 5 1 1
3 4 2 0,2 1,01 0
3
1 5 3 1 3 5
_ _
+
+ + >


+ + +
, ,
e)
17 12 2 2 3 1 + >
f)
2 3 1 2 3 3 3 1
3 2 0
2 6 2 6 2 6 2 6 2
_
+
+ + + >


+ +
,
g)
( )
( )
3 5 7 3 5 7 3 + + + + <
h)
2 2 3 2 2
0,8
4
+ +
<
Bi 13: Chng minh rng
1
2 n 1 2 n 2 n 2 n 1
n
+ < <
. T suy ra:
1 1 1
2004 1 .... 2005
2 3 1006009
< + + + + <
Bi 14: Cho
3 2 3 2
x vy
3 2 3 2
+

+
. Tnh A = 5x
2
+ 6xy + 5y
2
Bi 15: Chng minh bt ng thc sau:
2002 2003
2002 2003
2003
2002
+ > +
Bi 16: Chng minh gi tr ca biu thc sau khng ph thuc vo
bin x:
2 x x 2 x x x x 1
B
x 1
x 2 x 1 x
_
+ +

+ +
,
vi x > 0 ; x 1
Bi 17: Chng minh gi tr ca biu thc sau khng ph thuc vo
bin x, y:
( )
4
x y
1 x y
C
4xy
2 x y x y x y
x y x y
+
+

_
+ +

+ +
,
vi x > 0 ; y > 0
Bi 18: Cho biu thc
x 1 x x x x
A
2
2 x x 1 x 1
_ _
+



+
, ,
.
a) Rt gn biu thc A b) Tm gi tr ca x A = - 4
Bi 19: Cho biu thc
c ac 1
A a
a c a c
a c
ac c ac a ac
_

+


+
+
,
+
+
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
a) Rt gn biu thc A b) Tnh gi tr ca biu thc A khi c = 54, a
= 24
c) Vi gi tr no ca a v c A > 0, A < 0.
Bi 20: Cho biu thc
2
x x 2x x
y 1
x x 1 x
+ +
+
+
a) Rt gn y. Tm x y = 2.
b) Gi s x > 1. Chng minh rng
y y 0
c) Tm gi tr nh nht ca y ?.
Bi 21: Tnh gi tr ca biu thc
2
2
2n x 4
A
x x 4

ti
m n
x
n m
+
Bai tap nang cao chng Ii ai so 9
1. Nhc li v hm s
Bi 1

: Tm tp xc nh ca cc hm s sau:

4 3 2
2
2
1 2 x 1
a) y 5x 3x 2x 7 b) y c) y
x 6x 10 x 2
5
d) y a x b 2 x (a, b 0) e) y x 9
x 2

+
+
+ +

Bi 2: Tm f(x) bit f(x - 1) = x

2
+ 3x - 2
Bi 3: Cho hm s y = x
2
. Xt tnh bin thin (ng bin hay
nghch bin) ca hm s trong tp xc nh ca n.
Bi 4: Cho hs y = x
2
- 4x + 3. Xc nh tnh bin thin ca hm s
trong khong ( -

; 2 ) v (2; +

)
Bi 5: Cho hm s y = f(x) = - x
3
+ x
2
- x + 6
a) Chng minh rng hm s lun nghch bin trong TX ca n.
b) T kt qu trn hy tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca
hm s trong on [ 0 ; 2 ]
Bi 6: Xt tnh bin thin ca hm s y = f(x) = ax
3
vi a 0
2. Khi nim hm s bc nht
Bai 1: Cho iem A co toa o (x
a
;

y
a
), iem B co toa o (x
b
; y
b
)
th o dai oan thang AB c tnh bang cong thc
( ) ( )
2 2
b a b a
AB x x y y + (1). Can c vao he thc (1) chng minh
rang ABC co toa o cac nh la A(1 ; 1) , B(2 ; 1 3 + ) , C(3 ; 1)
la tam giac eu.
Bai 2: Vi nhng gia tr nao cua m th cac ham so sau la
ham so bac nhat
a)
1
y 1 x 3
m 1
_
+

,
b) ( )
2
m 1
y 5 x
m 1

+
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
Bai 3: Ve tam giac OAB tren mat phang toa o Oxy, biet
O(0 ; 0), A(2 ; 3), B(5 ; 3).
a) Tnh dien tch OAB bang hai cach.
b) Tnh chu vi OAB (Theo n v o tren moi truc toa o).
Bai 4: Cho ham so y = 2x.
a) Ve o th ham so tren bang cach xac nh iem O(0 ; 0)
va B(1 ; 2)
b) Tnh goc

hp bi ng thang y = 2x vi tia Ox
c) Xac nh cac iem A(0,5 ; 1) , D(2 ; 4) , C(1 ; 2) tren cung
mot mat phang toa o vi ng thang. Cac iem A, B, C
co thuoc ng thang y = 2x khong ? Tnh o dai OA, OB, OC,
OD.
Bi 5: Cho im A(- 3; 2) v B(1 ; 4). Xc nh to cc nh C, D
ca hnh bnh hnh ABCD nhn gc O lm tm i xng. Tnh
di cc ng cho.
Bi 6: Tm trn mp to cc im c:
a) Tung bng 2, honh nh hn 3.
b) Honh bng 1, tung ln hn 3.
Bi 7: Vi gi tr no ca m v n th hm s y = (m
2
- 5m + 6)x
2
+ (m
2
+ mn - 6n
2
)x + 3 l hm s bc nht
Bi 8: Cho hm s y = (a
3
+ 4a
2
- 29a + 24)x + 5. Vi gi tr no ca a
th hm s ng bin? nghch bin?
Bi 9: Xc nh a, b hm s y = a(x+1)
2
+ b(x+2)
2
l hm s bc
nht ?
Bi 10: Vi gi tr no ca p v q th hm s y = (p
2
- 9)x
2
+ (q - 3p)(q
+ 2p)x + 5 l hm s bc nht.
Bi 11: Vi gi tr no ca k th hm s y = (k
2
- 9)x + 4 ng bin ?
nghch bin ?
Bi 12: Chng minh rng hm s y = (m
2
+ m + 1)x - 2 lun ng
bin.
Bi 13
B
: Chng minh rng nu mt ng thng khng i qua gc
ta , ct trc honh ti im c honh bng a, ct trc tung
ti im c tung bng b th ng thng c dng :
x y
1
a b
+
Bi 14 : Chng minh rng ng thng y = (m - 2)x + 3 lun i qua
im A(0 ; 3) vi mi gi tr ca m.
Bi 15 : Xc nh cc h s a v b ng thng y = ax + b ct
trc tung ti im c tung bng - 2 v song song vi ng thng
OA, trong O l gc ta , A( 2 ; 1).
Bi 16 : Cho hai ng thng d v d theo th t c phng trnh l :
y = (m
2
1)x + (m + 2) ; y = (5 m)x + (2m + 5).
Xc nh m hai ng thng song song vi nhau.
Bi 17 : Cho A(3 ; - 1), B(- 1 ; - 3), C(2 ; - 4). Chng minh rng ABC
vung cn v tnh din tch ca n.
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
Bi 18 : V th cc hm s :
a)
y x 2
b)
+ y 2x 1
3. th ca hm s bc nht
Bai 1: a) Ve o th hai ham so y = 3x va
1
y x
3

tren cung
mot he toa o.
b) Xac nh goc

tao bi ng thang y = 3x va
1
y x
3

.
Bai 2: Chng minh rang o th ham so y = f(x) = ax + b va y
= g(x) = ax + b oi xng nhau qua truc hoanh khi va ch khi
f(x) = - g(x) vi moi x . Ap dung: chng minh rang o th
cua ham so y = f(x) = 3x 4 va o th cua ham so y = g(x)
= 4 3x oi xng nhau qua truc hoanh.
Bai 3: Chng minh rang o th ham so y = f(x) = ax + b va y
= g(x) = ax + b oi xng nhau qua truc tung khi va ch khi f(x)
= g(- x) va f(- x) = g(x) vi moi x . Ap dung: Chng minh rang
o th ham so y = f(x) = 2x + 5 va o th ham so y = g(x) =
-2x + 5 oi xng nhau qua truc tung.
Bai 4:
a) Xac nh ham so y = ax + b biet ham so co he so goc
bang 3 va i qua iem A(2 ; 1).
b) Xac nh ham so y f(x) 5x b + biet rang ng thang
y f(x) 5x b + cung i qua cung i qua iem A.
Bai 5: Cho ham so y = 3x + m (m la tham so). Cho m mot gia
tr ta co mot ng thang xac nh. Cho nen o th ham
so y = 3x + m la tap hp cac ng thang phu thuoc vao
tham so m (con goi la ho ng thang. Chng minh rang ho
ng thang sau ay luon i qua mot iem co nh vi moi
gia tr cua m va tm toa o cua iem o:
a) y = mx + m 2 b) y = 2mx + 1 m .
Bai 6: Cho ng thang y = 3x + 6.
a) Tnh dien tch tam giac tao bi ng thang ay vi hai truc
toa o.
b) Viet phng trnh ng thang i qua goc toa o va vuong
goc vi ng thang a cho.
Bai 7: Viet phng trnh ng thang y = ax + b biet rang:
a) o th ham so i qua iem A(2 ; 1) va song song vi ng
phan giac cua goc phan t th hai.
b) o th ham so i qua iem A(2 ; 1) va vuong goc vi o
th cua ham so y = -3x + 2.
c) o th ham so i qua iem A(2 ; 1) va iem B(1 ; 3)
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
Bi 8: Chng minh rng mi hm s bc nht y = ax + b ; a 0 , b 0
u c th vit di dng phng trnh ng thng theo trc chn
:
x y
1
m n
+
.
Bi 9: V th x
2
+ y
2
- 2xy - 9 = 0
Bi 10: V th (x - y)(x + 2y)(2x + y - 3) = 0
Bi 11: Cho hm s y =
x 1 x 2 +
a) V th ca hm s
b) Cn c vo th c nhn xt g v s bin thin ca hm s ?
c) Dng th, tm gi tr nh nht ca hm s
Bi 12: Chng minh rng th ca hai hm s y = x - 2 v y = 2 - x
l 2 ng thng i xng nhau qua trc honh.
Bi 13 : Chng minh rng ng thng y = 3x + 1 v th hm s y
= - 3x + 1 l hai ng thng i xng nhau qua trc tung.
Bi 14: Chng minh rng ng thng y = mx - 2m lun i qua 1
im c nh trong h to Oxy
Bi 15: Xt cc ng thng (d) c phng trnh (m + 2)x + (m - 3)y -
m + 8 = 0. Chng minh rng vi mi m, cc ng thng (d) lun i
qua im A(- 1 ; 2).
Bi 16
B
: Cho ng thng : (m - 2)x + (m - 1)y = 1 (m l tham s).
a) Chng minh rng ng thng lun i qua mt im c nh vi
mi gi tr ca m.
b) Tnh gi tr ca m khong cch t gc O n ng thng l
ln nht.
Bi 17 : Xt cc ng thng d c phng trnh : (2m + 3)x + (m +
5)y + (4m - 1) = 0.
a) V th ng thng d ng vi m = - 1.
b) Tm im c nh m mi ng thng d u i qua.
Bi 18 : Cho hai im A(x
1
; y
1
) , B(x
2
; y
2
) vi x
1
x
2
, y
1
y
2
. Chng
mih rng nu ng thng y = ax + b i qua A v B th :

1 1
2 1 2 1
y y x x
y y x x
Bi 19 : V th hm s :
+ y x 1 x 3
.
4-5. H s gc - ng thng song song, ct nhau
Bai 1: Cho ham so y = (m 1)x + (m + 1) (1)
a) Xac nh ham so (1) khi ng thang (1) i qua goc tao
o.
b) Xac nh m e ng thang (1) cat truc tung tai iem co
tung o bang -1.
c) Xac nh m e ng thang(1) song song vi ng thang
y 3x 2 +
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
d) Chng minh rang ng thang (1) luon i qua mot iem
co nh vi moi m . Tm iem co nh o.
Bai 2: Cho hai ng thang y = a
1
x + b
1
(d
1
) va y = a
2
x + b
2
(d
2
)
ve tren cung mot mat phang toa o. Chng minh rang (d
1
)
vuong goc vi (d
2
) khi va ch khi a
1
.a
2
= -1.
Ap dung: Xac nh ham so y = ax + b biet o th cua no i
qua iem A(-1 ; 2) va vuong goc vi ng thang y = 3x + 1.
Bai 3: a) Ve o th cac ham so sau tren cung mot mat
phang toa o:
1
y x 3 (d ) +
2
y 2x 5 (d )
b) Tm toa o giao iem A cua hai ng thang (d
1
) va
(d
2
)
c) Tm toa o giao iem B, C lan lt la giao iem cua
(d
1
), (d
2
) vi truc hoanh.
d) Tm dien tch tam giac ABC.
Bai 4: Cho ham so y = (k 3)x + k (d). Tm cac gia tr cua k,
k e ng thang (d):
a) i qua iem A(1 ; 2) va B(-3 ; 4)
b) Cat truc tung tai iem co tung o bang 1 2 va cat truc
hoanh tai iem 1 2 + .
c) Cat ng thang 2y 4x + 5 = 0.
d) Song song vi ng thang y 2x 1 = 0
e) Trung vi ng thang 3x + y 5 = 0.
Bi 5: Cho 2 im A(1 ; - 2) v B(- 4 ; 3)
a) Tm h s gc ca ng thng i qua A, B.
b) Lp phng trnh ng thng i qua A, B.
Bi 6
NC
: Cho hai ng thng (d): y = (2m + 1)x - 2 v (d): y = (m -
2)x + 3
a) Hai ng thng ny c th trng nhau khng ?
b) Tm cc gi tr ca m (d) // (d)
c) Tm cc gi tr ca m (d) (d)
Bi 7: Tm gi tr ca k 3 ng thng ng qui:
(d
1
): y = 2x - 5 ; (d
2
): y = x + 2 ; (d
3
): y =
kx - 12
Bi 8: Cho hai ng thng (d): y = m(x + 2) v (d): y = (2m - 3)x + 2
a) Chng minh rng khi m = 1 th d d
b) Tm tt c cc gi tr ca m d d.
Bi 9: Cho hai ng thng (d): y = (m + 5)x - 2 v (d): y = 2m(m -
1)x + 5.
a) Chng minh rng khi m =
5
2
th d // d.
b) Tm tt c cc gi tr ca m d // d.
Bi 10: Cho 3 ng thng (d
1
): y = mx + 5 ; (d
2
): y = 2x + 5 ; (d
3
): y
= 2x + n. Cho bit quan h v v tr ca 2 trong 3 ng thng ?
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
Bi 11: Cho 2 ng thng (d
1
) : y = (2 - k
2
)x + k - 5 ; (d
2
): y = k(x +
3) - 7. Tm gi tr ca k d
1
// d
2
Bi 12: Cho 2 ng thng (d
1
): 2m
2
x + 3(m - 1)y - 3 = 0 ; (d
2
): mx +
(m - 2)y - 2 = 0. Hy bin lun theo m v tr tng i ca d
1
v d
2
.
Bi 13
B
: Chng minh rng iu kin hai ng thng y = ax + b
v y = ax + b (a, a 0) vung gc vi nhau l a.a = - 1.
Bi 14 : Tm cc im c ta l s nguyn thuc ng thng 3x
- 5y = 8 v nm trn di song song to bi hai ng thng y = 10 v
y = 20.
Bi 15 : Tm qu tch cc im M(x ; y) sao cho :
a) y > 2x + 1 b) y < - 3x + 2 c) 2x
+ y > 1.
Bi 16 : a) V th hm s
3 7
y x
2 4
+ .
b)
*
C bao nhiu im c ta l s nguyn nm trn cnh hoc
nm trong tam gic to bi ba ng thng x = 6 ; y = 0 ;
3 7
y x
2 4
+ .
n tp chng 2

Bi 1: Cho hm s y = ( )
+ 1 2 x 2
a) Hm s ng bin hay nghch bin trn R.
b) Tm gi tr ca hm s khi x = + 2 1.
c) Tm gi tr tng ng ca x khi y = 2 2
Bi 2: Cho 2 hm s y = - 3x v y = x + 4
a) V trn cng mt phng Oxy th 2 hm s
b) Tm to giao im ca 2 th.
Bi 3: Cho hai hm s y = (a + 1)x + 3 v y = (3 - 2a)x - 1
a) Gi tr no ca a th th ca hai hm s trn l hai ng
thng song song.
b) Gi tr no ca a th th ca hai hm s trn l hai ng
thng ct nhau.
Bi 4: Cho hm s y = (2k - 1)x + 3k
a) Tm k v v th (d) hm s trn bit (d) i qua im (-1 ; 2)
b) Tm giao im A v B ca ng thng (d) v trc honh, trc
tung.
c) Tnh gc to bi ng thng (d) v tia Ox.
Bi 5: a) Tm a v b v v th (d) ca hm s y = ax + b bit (d)
ct trc tung ti im A c tung - 2 v ct trc honh ti im B
c honh - 3.
b) Tnh di on thng AB v din tch tam gic OAB
Bi 6: Trong mp to vung gc Oxy cho M(2 ; -1), N(-1 ; 5), P(-2 ; 3)
a) Vit pt ng thng (d) i qua M v N. T suy ra M, N, P khng
thng hng.
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
b) Tm pt ng thng (d) i qua P v song song vi (d).
c) Tnh din tch MNP.
Bai tap nang cao chng IIi ai so 9
(He hai phng trnh bac nhat hai an)
1. Khai niem ve phng trnh bac nhat hai an
Bai 1: Tm m e iem A(1 ; -1) thuoc o th cua phng trnh:
a) (m 1)x + 3y = 7 b) -4x + (m + 5)y = 8 c) (m
2)x + 3my = 2m + 1
Bai 2: Tm m va n e o th cua phng trnh (2m + 1)x + (n
1)y = 3m n i qua iem (-1 ; 5).
Bai 3: Phai chon k
1
va k
2
nh the nao e phng trnh (k
1
+ 2)x
+ (2k
2
1)y = 5 la ham so bac nhat?
Bai 4: Tm tat ca cac nghiem nguyen cua phng trnh:
a) x + 3y = 0 b) 2x y = 1 c) 3x + 2y = 4
Bai 5
*
: Chng minh rang neu ab = 2 th hai ng thang ax +
2y = 6 va x + by = -3 song song hoac trung nhau.
Bai 6: Tm nghiem nguyen dng cua cac phng trnh:
a) 5x + 7y = 112 b) 3x + 2y = 5 c) 3x + 5y =
19
d) 3x + 5y = 66 e) 5x + 19y = 674
Bai 7: Tm cac so x , y thoa man hai ieu kien:
a) x, y la cac so t nhien nho hn 10 b) 19x 8y = 1
Bai 8: Cho he toa o xOy va ba iem A(2 ; 5), B(-1 ; -1), C(4 ; 9).
a) Viet phng trnh ng thang BC.
b) Chng minh rang ng thang BC va hai ng thang y = 3
; 2y + x 7 = 0 la ba ng thang ong qui.
c) Chng minh rang ba iem A, B, C thang hang
Bai 9: Trong mat phang toa o, tm qu tch cac iem M(2m 1
; m + 3) vi m .
2. He hai phng trnh bac nhat hai an
Bai 1: Trong cac cap so sau (-4 ; 3), (-2 ; -6), (-4 ; 8), cap nao
la nghiem cua he phng trnh:
a)
x y 7
3x 4y 0

'
+

b)
3x y 0
5x y 4

'

Bai 2: Lap he phng trnh bac nhat hai an vi tng cap

nghiem sau:
a) (-1 ; 3) b) (3 ; -4)
Bai 3: Hay giai thch ve so nghiem cua cac he phng trnh
sau:
a)
4y x 12
3y x 3

'
+

b)
x 2y 3
y 0,5x 1
+
'
+

c)
x 2y 1
2x 4y 2

'

3. He phng trnh tng ng

Bi tp nng cao i s 9
Bai 1: Chng minh rang hai he phng trnh sau la tng ng:
a)
+
' '


3x 4y 20 6x 24
va
3x 4y 4 8y 16
b)
+
' '
+ +

5x 14y 19 35x 98y 133
va
7x 10y 17 35x 50y 85
Bai 2: a) Biet (1 ; 1) la nghiem cua he phng trnh: (1)

'
+

x y 0
2x 3y 5 0
. CMR (1 ; 1) cung la nghiem cua hai he pt sau: (2)

'
+ +

x y 0
m(x y) n(2x 3y 5) 0
(3)
+
'
+ +

2x 3y 5 0
m(x y) n(2x 3y 5) 0
b) Ngc lai neu (1 ; 1) la nghiem cua he (2) hoac (3). Chng
minh rang o cung la nghiem cua he (1) vi m
2
+ n
2
0.
4. Giai he phng trnh
Bai 1: Giai cac he phng trnh sau:
a)
+ +
'
+ +

6(x y) 8 2x 3y
5(y x) 5 3x 2y
b)
+ +
'

2(2x 1) 1,5 3(y 2) 6x

11,5 4(3 x) 2y (5 x)
c)

+ '

4x 3y 1
2x 1 9 5y
6 8
Bai 2: Cho a thc f(x) = mx
3
+ (m 2)x
2
(3n 5)x 4n. Hay xac
nh m va n sao cho f(x) chia het cho x +1 va x 3.
Bai 3
*
: Giai cac he phng trnh sau ay:
a)
+
'
+

(x 1)(2x y) 0
(y 1)(2y x) 0
b)

'

x(x 2y)(x 1) 0
1 1 1
1
x y 3
c)

'
+

y(x 1) 0
2x 5y 7
d)
+
'
+

xy 2x y 2 0
3x y 8
e)
+
'
+

5 4
x x y x y 0
2x 3y 5
g)
[ ]
[ ]

'

y 5 x
1 x y
h)

'

21
x y
8
x y 37
y x 6
i)

'

7x y
3
6 x 10 y
x 3y
11
6 x 10 y
k)

'

5 4
5
2x y 2x 3y
15 2
5
2x y 2x 3y
l)
+

'

x 3 y 4 1
y x 3 4
m)
+

'
+

2x 3y 12 0
3x y 11 0
Bai 4: Cho he phng trnh
+

'
+ +

mx y 3
x 1 y 2
. Tm m e he co nghiem
duy nhat.
Bai 5: Tm nghiem nguyen dng cua cac phng trnh:
a) x
2
xy + 2x 3y = 11 b) 2x
2
+ 5xy 12y
2
= 28
Bai 6: Tm cap so nguyen (x ; y) thoa man phng trnh xy 6x
6y + 18 = 0
Bai 7: Phai thay x bang so nguyen dng nao e cho x
2
14x
256 la bnh phng cua 1 so nguyen Bai 8: Tm tat ca cac
cap so nguyen (x ; y) sao cho: x(x + 1)(x + 7)(x + 8) = y
2
.
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
Bai 9: Tm tat ca cac cap so thc (a ; b) sao cho x
4
+ ax
2
+ b
chia het cho x
2
+ ax + b.
Bai 10: Cho P(x) la mot a thc bac 6 trong o P(1) = P(-1), P(2)
= P(-2), P(3) = P(-3). Chng minh rang vi moi x ta eu co: P(x)
= P(-x).
Bai 11: Tm f(2) neu vi moi x ta eu co f(x) + 3f(1/x) = x
2
.
Bai 12: Cho he phng trnh:
+
'
+

ax by 10
ay bx 10
(a, b la cac so nguyen
dng va a b). Tm cac cap gia tr cua a, b e phng trnh
co nghiem la so nguyen dng.
Bai 13: Giai he phng trnh:

+

+ + + +
'
+

+
3 2 2
2 2
4 3
2 a a 3
x y 0
a a a 1 a a 1
a 3a 2 2a 4a 6
x y 3
a 1 a 1
Bai 14: Vi gia tr nao cua m 0 th he pt:

'
+

mx y 2
3x my 5
co n
0
x, y
thoa man x + y = 1 -
+
2
2
m
m 3
.
Bai 15: Vi gia tr nao cua k, he phng trnh sau co nghiem:
+ +

+ +
'

+ + +

x (1 k)y 0
(1 k)x ky 1 k
(1 k)x (12 k)y (1 k)
Bai 16: Giai va bien luan he phng trnh sau theo tham so m:

'
+

mx y 2m
4x my 6 m
Bai 17: Biet rang he phng trnh:
+

+
'

ax by c
bx cy a
cx ay b
co nghiem.
Chng minh: a
3
+ b
3
+ c
3
= 3abc.
Bai 18: Giai he pt sau biet rang y la so nguyen ln nhat
khong vt qua z :

'
+

15x 7 5y
6x 5 8z
.
Bai 19: Cho he phng trnh:

'
+

mx 2y 3
3x my 4
. Vi cac gia tr nguyen
nao cua m th cac nghiem cua he thoa man ieu kien x >
0, y < 0 ?
Bai 20: Vi gia trj nao cua a th he pt sao vo n
0
:
+ +
'
+ + +

2x ay a 2
(a 1)x 2ay 2a 4
.
Bai 21: Giai he phng trnh:
+ +

'
+ +

3
3
(x y 1) y 10
(x y 1) x 11
.
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
Bai 22: Giai he phng trnh:
+

+ +

'

+ +

x y xy 1
a
xy x y a
x y xy 1
c
xy x y c
.
Bai 23: Cho he phng trnh:
+ +
'

x y z 28
2x y 32
(x, y, z > 0). Hay so sanh
x va y.
Bai 24: Tm nghiem nguyen cua he phng trnh:

'

2 2 2
x y z 3
x y z 1
Bai 25: Giai cac he phng trnh sau:
a)
+ +
'
+ +

2 2
x y xy 11
x xy y 19
b)
+

'
+ + +

2 2
x y z 0
1
x y z 0
2
c)
+ +
'

2
x y z 3
2xy 2y z 4
d)
*

+ +

'

2
1 1 1
2
x y z
2 1
4
xy z

Bai 26

: Gii cc h phng trnh sau:
a)
3
z 2
2x y
2y 3z 4
2 3
y
2x y 2

'

b)
4
2x 7
z 1
5x 3y 3
2
y 4,5
z 1

'

+

c)
x y xy 10
y z yz 11
z x zx 14
+ +

+ +
'

+ +

d)
1
x 2
y
1
y 2
z
1
z 2
x

+
'

e)
x 1 y 3 z 1
2 3 4
2x 3y 5z 19 0
+

'

+ +

g)
x(y z) 35
y(x z) 32
z(x y) 27
+

+
'

h)
2xy yz 27
3yz 2zx 25
xz xy 4
+

'

i)
xy x y 1
yz y z 5
xz x z 2
+ +

+ +
'

+ +

k)
xy 8
x y 3
yz 12
y z 5
zx 24
z x 7

'
+

l)
xy
1 z
x y
yz
2 x
y z
zx
2 y
z x

'
+

m)
1 1 1
x y z 2
1 1 1
y z x 3
1 1 1
z x y 4

+
'
+

n)
*

2
2
2
2
2
2
2x
y
1 x
2y
z
1 y
2z
x
1 z

'
+

+
o)
*

x y z 9
1 1 1
1
x y z
xy yz zx 27
+ +

+ +
'

+ +

p)
xyz
2
x y
xyz
1,2
y z
xyz
1,5
z x

'
+

q)
2
2
2
x 2y 1 0
y 2z 1 0
z 2x 1 0
+ +

+ +
'

+ +

r)
2 2
2 2
2 2
x xy xz z 0
x xz yz 3y 2
y xy yz z 2
+

+
'

+ +

Bi tp nng cao i s 9
s)
2
2
2
x xy xz yz 3
y xy xz yz 8
z xy xz yz 24
+ + +

+ + +
'

+ + +

t)
x(x y z) yz 238
y(x y z) zx 187
z(x y z) xy 154
+ + +

+ + +
'

+ + +

5. Giai bai toan bang cach lap he phng trnh

Bai 1: Tm hai so biet rang bon lan so th hai cong vi
nam lan so th nhat bang 18040 va ba lan so th nhat
hn hai lan so th hai la 2002.
Bai 2: Tm mot so co hai ch so. Biet rang neu viet them
so 1 vao ben phai so nay th c mot so co ba ch so
hn so phai tm 577 va so phai tm hn so o nhng viet theo
th t ngc lai la 18.
Bai 3: Tuoi cua mot thanh nien tnh en nam 2005 th bang
tong cac ch so cua nam sinh ra thanh nien o cong vi 7.
Hoi thanh nien o sinh nam nao ?
Bai 4: Tm mot so co hai ch so, biet rang tong hai ch so
cua no nho hn so o 6 lan va them 25 vao tch cua hai
ch so o se c so viet theo th t ngc lai vi so
phai tm.
Bai 5: Hai anh Thanh va Hung cung gop von kinh doanh. Anh
Thanh gop 105 trieu, anh Hung gop 315 trieu. Sau mot thi
gian lai la 20 trieu. Hay tnh tien lai cua moi ngi,
biet rang lai c chia t le vi von a gop.
Bai 6: Mot ca hang co 28 chiec xe may Honda va Spacy,
gia moi chiec Honda la 15 trieu, moi chiec Spacy la 62 trieu.
Neu ban het 28 chiec xe may nay, ca hang se thu c
984 trieu. Hoi so xe moi loai ?
Bai 7: Trong buoi da hoi co so hoc sinh nam nhieu hn so
hoc sinh n la 15 em. Trong khi khieu vu co 24 ban nam va 24
ban n ang tren san nhay. So ban nam khong nhay gap
oi so ban n khong nhay. Hoi co bao nhieu ban nam va
ban n d da hoi ?
Bai 8: Hai thung nc co dung tch tong cong la 175 lt. Mot
lng nc o ay thung th nhat va 1/3 thung th hai th
cung o ay thung th hai va1/2 thung th nhat. Tnh dung
tch moi thung ?
Bai 9: Co hai hop bi, neu lay t hop th nhat ra mot so bi
bang so bi cua hop th hai, bo vao hop th hai, roi lay t
hop th hai mot so bi bang so bi con lai trong hop th
nhat bo vao hop th nhat va cuoi cung lay t hop th
nhat ra mot so bi bang so bi con lai trong hop th hai, bo
vao hop th hai. en ay so bi trong moi hop eu la 16
vien. Hoi luc au moi hop co bao nhieu vien bi ?
Bai 10: Hai ngi th lam mot cong viec trong 16 gi th xong.
Neu ngi th nhat lam trong 3 gi va ngi th hai lam
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
trong 6 gi th ho lam c 25% cong viec. Hoi moi ngi
lam cong viec o trong may gi th xong ?
Bai 11: Hai voi nc cung chay vao mot be khong co
nc th trong 6 gi ay be. Neu voi th nhat chay trong 2
gi, voi th hai chay trong 3 gi th c 2/5 be. Hoi moi
voi chay mot mnh th trong bao lau se ay be ?
Bai 12: Hai xe la i t A va B cach nhau 650 km i ngc
chieu nhau e gap nhau. Neu chung khi hanh cung mot
luc th se gap nhau sau 10 gi. Nhng neu xe la th hai khi
hanh sm hn xe la th nhat 4 gi 20 phut th chung se
gap nhau sau 8 gi tnh t luc xe la th nhat khi hanh.
Tnh van toc cua moi xe la ?
Bai 13: Mot cano chay tren song xuoi dong 84 km va ngc
dong 44 km mat 5 gi. Neu cano xuoi dong 112 km va
ngc dong 110 km th mat 9 gi. Tnh van toc rieng cua
cano va van toc cua dong nc.
Bai 14: Mot ngi i mot oan ng dai 640 km vi 4 gi i
oto va 7 gi i xe la. Hoi van toc cua oto va xe la,
biet rang van toc cua xe la hn van toc cua oto la 5
km/h ?
Bai 15: oan ng t A en B gom 3 km len doc, 6 km
xuong doc va 12 km bang phang. Mot ngi i xe may t A
en B mat 1 gi 7 phut va i t B ve A mat 1 gi 16 phut.
Hoi van toc cua xe may tren oan ng len doc va
xuong doc, biet rang van toc cua xe may tren oan ng
phang la 18 km/h ?
Bai 16: Mot hnh thang co dien tch la 70 cm
2
, chieu cao bang
7 cm. Xac nh chieu dai cac canh ay, biet rang cac canh
ay hn kem nhau 4 cm.
*
Bai 17: Mot so chnh phng co 4 ch so. Neu tang moi
ch so len 1 n v ta van c mot so chnh phng. Tm
cac so chnh phng o.
Bai 18: Mot ngi i xe ap t A en B. Cung luc o, mot
ngi khac i xe may t B en A. Ho gap nhau luc 14 h. Neu
ngi i xe ap tang van toc gap oi th ho gap nhau luc
13h30ph. Neu ngi i xe may tang van toc gap oi th ho
gap nhau luc 13h12ph. Hoi ho khi hanh luc may gi ?
Bai 19: Tren con ng gia hai thanh pho A va B, mot oto
luc au i theo ng nha, sau o i theo ng at. Khi i
theo ng nha vi van toc 45 km/h va theo ng at vi
van toc 30 km/h, chiec oto o i t A en B mat ca thay
8h40ph. Tren con ng i ngc tr lai, oto tang van toc
tren oan ng at len 2 km/h va tren oan ng nha th
giam van toc xuong 5 km/h va i het con ng t B en A
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
mat 9h. Hay xac nh chieu dai con ng t A en B va
chieu dai oan ng nha.
Bai 20: e ch mot so bao hang bang oto, ngi ta nhan
thay neu moi xe ch 22 bao th con tha 1 bao. Neu bt i 1
oto th co the phan phoi eu cac bao hang cho cac oto
con lai. Hoi luc au co bao nhieu oto va tat ca co bao
nhieu bao hang, biet rang moi oto ch khong qua 32 bao
hang (gia thiet moi bao hang co khoi lng nh nhau).
Bai 21: Ban Bnh co ba quyen tem. Quyen th nhat co 1/5
tong so tem. Quyen th hai co vai phan 7 con quyen th
ba co 303 chiec tem. Hoi ban Bnh co tat ca bao nhieu chiec
tem.
on tap chng III
Bai 1: Cho a + b c = 0. Hay chng to rang cac ng thang
ax + by + c = 0 luon i qua mot iem co nh.
Bai 2: Giai he phng trnh:
x y z x y z 1 11
x y z
3 6 7

+ + + + + +

'

Bai 3: Tm nghiem nguyen cua he phng trnh:

2
x y z 2
2x xy x 2z 1
+
'
+

Bai 4: Tm tap xac nh cua cac ham so:

a)
2 2
y x 3x 2 x 5x 6 + + + b)
1
y
x x

c)
1 x 1 x
y
1 x 1 x
+
+
+
d) y x 2 1 x +
Bai 5: Xac nh ham so f(x) biet:
2
2x 1
f x 2x (x 1)
x 1
+
_
+

,
.
Bai 6: Giai he phng trnh: a)
2 2
x y 2xy 8 2
x y 4

+ +

'
+

b)
y z 10 x
yz 10x 1
+ +
'
+

Bai 7: Tm nghiem nguyen dng cua he phng trnh:

x y z 14
x yz 19
+ +
'
+

Bai tap nang cao chng IV ai so 9

Hm s y = ax
2
Ph ng trnh bc hai mt n
Bi 1: Cho hm s y = ax
2
(1)
a) Xc nh a bit th ca (1) i qua im ( )
A 2;2 2
b) V th hm s (1) vi a va tm c.
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
c) Tm gi tr ln nht ca hm s khi x [ - 2 ; 0 ] ; x [ 0 ; 2 ] .
d) Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s khi x [ - 3 ;
3 ] .
Bi 2: Cho hai hm s
2
1
y x vy 2x 2
2

.
a) V th ca hai hm s trn cng mt mt phng ta Oxy.
b) Tm ta giao im ca hai th.
Bi 3: Tam gic u AOB ni tip trong mt parabol y = ax
2
nh O l
gc ta v y AB song song vi trc Ox, A v B nm trn parabol.
Hy tnh tung ca im B.
Bi 4: Gii cc phng trnh sau:
a) 0.7x
2
= 1,3x + 2 b) 3(x
2
- 2) + 3x = 0
c) 0,2x
2
- 10x + 125 = 0 d)
1
3
x
2
+ 2x - 9 = 0
Bi 5: Tch ca hai s nguyn khc khng lin tip bng 1,5 ln bnh ph-
ng s nh. Tm hai s .
Bi 6: Tm nghim ca cc phng trnh sau:
a) x
2
+ (a + c)x - 2a(a - c) = 0 b) x
2
- 4bx - a
2
+ 4b
2
= 0
c) (a - 3)x
2
- (a
2
+ 3a + 9)x + 3a(2a + 3) = 0 d) - 2x
3
+ (3 - 2m)x
2

+ 2mx + m
2
- 1 = 0
Bi 7: Cho phng trnh (m - 4)x
2
- 2mx + m - 2 = 0
a) Gii phng trnh vi m = 3.
b) Tm m phng trnh c nghim x 3 , tm nghim cn li.
c) Tn m phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit.
Bi 8: Khng gii phng trnh, tnh tng v tch cc nghim ca cc
phng trnh sau (nu c)
a) x
2
- 15x - 16 = 0 b) 19x
2
- 23x + 5 = 0 c) x
2
- 7x + 1 =
0
d)
2
2x 3 5x 11 0 + + .
Bi 9 :
a) Phng trnh x
2
- 2px + 5 = 0 c mt nghim bng 2, tm p v tnh
nghim th hai.
b) Phng trnh x
2
+ 5x + q = 0 c mt nghim bng 5, tm q v tm
nghim th hai.
c) Bit hiu hai nghim ca phng trnh x
2
- 7x + q = 0 bng 11, tm
q v tm hai nghim ca phng trnh.
d) Tm q v hai nghim ca phng trnh x
2
- qx + 50 = 0 bit phng
trnh c hai nghim v nghim ny bng hai ln nghim kia.
Bi 10: Cho phng trnh (m - 4)x
2
- 2mx + m - 2 = 0.
a) Tm m phng trnh c nghim x 2 . Tm nghim cn li.
b) Tm m phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit.
c) Tnh x
1
2
+ x
2
2
theo m. d) Tnh x
1
3
+ x
2
3
theo m.
e) Tm tng nghch o ca cc nghim; tng bnh phng nghch
o ca cc nghim.
Bi 10: Cho phng trnh x
2
- 2(m + 1)x + m - 4 = 0
Bi tp nng cao i s 9
a) Chng minh rng phng trnh lun c hai nghim phn bit vi mi
m.
b) Tm m phng trnh c hai nghim tri du.
c) Chng minh rng biu thc H = x
1
(1 - x
2
) + x
2
(1 - x
1
) khng ph thuc
vo m.
d) Tm gi tr ca biu thc x
1
- x
2
; x
1
2
- x
2
2
; x
1
3
- x
2
3
.
Bi 11:
a) nh m phng trnh mx
2
- (12 - 5m)x - 4(1 + m) = 0 c tng
bnh phng cc nghim l 13.
b) nh m pt mx
2
+ (2m - 1)x + (m - 2) = 0 c tng bnh phng
cc nghim l 2005.
Bi 12: Cho phng trnh x
2
- 2(m + 1)x + m
2
- 4m + 5 = 0.
a) nh m phng trnh c nghim.
b) nh m phng trnh c hai nghim phn bit u dng.
Bi 13: Cho ng thng (d): y = k(x - 1) v parabol (P): y =
2
1
x
2
. Vi gi
tr no ca k th (d):
a) Tip xc vi (P).
b) Ct (P) ti mt im c tung l 2 v honh dng. Tm ta
cc giao im ca (P) v (d).
Bi 14: Cho phng trnh: x
2
- 2x + m - 1 = 0.
a) Xc nh m phng trnh c nghim.
b) Trong trng hp c nghim, tm m :
+ Hiu cc nghim bng 4.
+ Tng cc nghim bng tch cc nghim.
+ Tng bnh phng cc nghim bng tch cc nghim.