INSTRUCAL AUX PROCESS DATA CALCULATIONS. FLUID PROPERTIES. PIPE PRESSURE LOSS. LIQUID WATERHAMMER.

Auxiliary Program Help Contents This is a program for calculating pressure loss in pipe, waterhammer and process data For help on each screen: Press F1. Overview Program Features Calculation Menu Program Lead Sheet Pressure Loss Calculation for liquids Data Calculation for liquids Calculation Engineering Units for liquids Water Hammer Calculation for liquids Calculation Printout Pressure Loss Calculation for Gases Data Calculation for Gases Summary Printout Calculation Engineering Units for Gases Calculation Routines Program Data File Specification Importing Data into a Calculation Pipe Size Data AUXILIARY PROGRAMS -- Overview Programs are available for - Liquid Line Friction Pressure Loss. Gas Line Friction Pressure Loss. Water Hammer Liquid Flow. Process Liquid Data Process Gas Data. The Pressure Loss Programs, knowing the source pressure will calculate the destination pressure. They have pipe material options for - Commercial Steel Pipe. Drawn Tubing. Cast Iron Pipe. Galvanized Iron Pipe. Asphalted Iron Pipe. Concrete Pipe. Wood Stave Pipe. Each have pipe conditions for -New Pipe (Normal friction factor).

Good Pipe (Normal friction factor plus 20%). Old Pipe (Normal friction factor plus 50%). They have options for a sudden contraction inlet, a sudden expansion outlet, number of, gate, globe and check valves, number of 90deg, 45deg, through tee and branch tee. They will compensate for elevation changes and include an input for equipment losses. The output data is, the destination pressure, the velocity, the equivalent line length, the pressure drop per 100ft, The liquid program displays the Reynolds Number and the gas program displays the sonic velocity. The gas program divides the equivalent line length into 20 parts, it recalculates the density for each increment of length, sums the pressure loss, and checks for sonic velocity. The Water Hammer program is for determining closing times for valves in long liquid filled lines. When a flow of liquid is suddenly stopped a pounding of the line is sometimes produced which can be large enough to damage equipment and pipe supports. The worst conditions are at the critical time or less. The critical time being the time it takes for the pressure wave to travel the length of the pipe and return. The program will calculate the critical time, the pressure wave velocity, the pressure wave magnitude, the pipe support force and the minimum closing time to avoid over pressure. For a selected closing time it will calculate the magnitude of the pressure wave and the pipe support force The Process Data programs are for liquid and gas. They will provide process data from the data bank at the pressure and temperature entered in the program. The data is for pure fluids or mixtures. The available data is - Molecular weight. Specific gravity at pressure and temperature. Specific gravity at base conditions. Viscosity at pressure and temperature Vapor pressure. Density at pressure and temperature. Critical pressure. Critical temperature. Normal boiling point. Liquid bulk modulus. Liquid flash point. Ratio of specific heats. Compressibility factor. Latent heat of vaporization. For user entered data the program will also calculate -Densiity at pressure and temperature. Compressibility factor at pressure and temperature. Vapor pressure. Vapor temperature. Latent heat of vaporization.

General If changes are made to data recalled from file, the data will be displayed in the color selected for changed data. This will assist in recognising the affect the changes make to other calculations and the data sheet. AUXILIARY PROGRAM Features Perform calculations Calculate pressure loss due to flow Calculate waterhammer critical time Calculate fluid properties at flow conditions Calculate steam data Supply pipe sizes Use English or SI engineering units in any mixture Use mass or volume flow units Import process data Print a calculation sheet using the Windows Print Manager Save the data Print a summary of saved records Print all records Print selected records Print only records having required characteristics AUXILIARY PROGRAM Menu Options New calculation Select the required calculation option and the fluid option, then select OK (or doubleclick if at least one of the options is already selected). File Default files Recalls file data using the files in the default drives and paths. Other files Recalls file data using the Windows file selection procedure. Data file maintenance Edit Tag Numbers Provides the facility to change the Tag Numbers on file. Or delete records from file. Sort data file Rearrange the Tag Numbers in ascending order. Delete the items marked if the edit was saved. (Version 5.0)Data files Path for the default calculation data files. User units Path for the user selection set of engineering units. Headings Path for the printout headings.

There are three paths. If a Drive and Path different from the Default Path and Drive provided in the initial Set Up Procedure was used, the program will update them to the Drive and Path which was installed. They are saved in sequential file AUXCALC.DRV which resides with the programs. To check or change the paths, either call up the Drive and Path for edit or use a text editor to or change the file contents. Exit Exits from InstruCalc to Windows Program Manager. Edit Tables (Version 5.0) InstruCalc uses Data Tables for Gas, Liquid,Pipe Size and Material properties, these contain data from which exact properties for the flow conditions are calculated. This option provides an easy means of customizing them. Items can be added, inserted, deleted and changed. Editing is performed by either clicking the appropriate line in the Grid or entering the line number in Row to Edit and clicking Recall Row. Edit the data and Load Row to the Grid. When a box in the edit line is clicked, information on the data required is displayed above. Save Grid overwrites the old file. A backup file is recommended before you start. The file name is in the heading of the Edit Form and the files are in the program directory. Note that data cannot be edited directly in the grid. Color Provides color options for InstruCalc displays, using the Windows palette. Note that colors for scroll bars, command buttons, disabled text, borders etc., are selected through the Windows Control Panel Print Summary Goes to the print summary program. AUXILIARY PROGRAM Lead Sheet The program will only stop at the Lead Sheet if it fails to find the default paths file. To continue, type in the paths and save the file. The Data Files are specific to a project and an instrument type The Units File may be common for all projects and specific for an instrument type The Headings File may be specific for a project and common for all instruments AUXILIARY PROGRAM Liquid Pipe Loss Calculation Engineering Units There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit Volume Flow - English Units. US gallons per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade Volume Flow - SI Units. Litres per second and degrees Centigrade User Units. A set of units selected from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units.

The Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit options without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity at base conditions is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF. The ISO standard is 14.696 psia and 59 degF Fluid Properties The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure liquids and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure liquid find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user upgradable Calculation options. Select the Pipe Material. Select the Pipe Condition. Check the Entrance if it is a large contraction Check the Exit if it is a large expansion Input Data Three cases are available, use only what is needed. The enabled input boxes define the data required for the calculation. Enter the piping configuration and the pipe lengths and elevation change. Enter the process data

Calculate Click the Case button. The program will validate the input data, Calculate the output data Display the results Editing Data The output data should be examined for adequacy. A reasonable velocity for orifice plates is 2 to 10 feet per second Or 2 to 25 feet per second for other devices. Change data as required and recalculate Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. Prepare data sheet --Is enabled after a calculation is made, it displays the screen to prepare a data sheet form for the calculated item. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New) Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records The default paths are The Data Files. (AUXDAT.TAG and AUXDAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (AUXDAT.UNS) The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT) Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager AUXILIARY PROGRAM Liquid Data Calculation This program provides various process data which is required for many instrument calculations. It is integral with INSTRUCALC and is provided here for other calculations Engineering Units There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit Volume Flow - English Units. US gallons per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade Volume Flow - SI Units. Litres per second and degrees Centigrade User Units. A set of units selected from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection.

Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit options without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity at base conditions is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF. The ISO standard is 14.696 psia and 59 degF Fluid Properties The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure liquids and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure liquid find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base can be user upgraded. Calculation Options Recall File Data Recalls data from the data base. Density Calculates with user input data. Vapor pressure Calculates with user input data. Vapor temperature Calculates with user input data. Input Data The Calculating Options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. Three cases are available, use as many as required. Recall File Data Option Enter the pressure and temperature conditions for the output data.

From the Input Data Option select the Case Properties. Select either Pure Liquid or Liquid Mixture For Pure Liquid select the liquid For Liquid Mixtures select the components until remaining % is zero. Select Calculate The available data is displayed. Density Enter Specific gravity. Select Case button to calculate. Display the Density. Vapor Pressure Enter the temperature, critical pressure, critical temperature and normal boiling point. Select the Case button to calculate Display the vapor pressure. Vapor Temperature Enter the vapor pressure, critical pressure, critical temperature and normal boiling point. Select the Case button to calculate. Display the vapor temperature Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. Be sure that the mixture law applies to your mixture. Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New) Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records The default paths are The Data Files. (AUXDAT.TAG and AUXDAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (AUXDAT.UNS) The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT) Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager AUXILIARY PROGRAM Liquid Engineering Units

The screen shows the process variables used in a liquid calculation and list the available options. To assure full coverage each (Except Flow Time Base) has an Other option. This is a user defined unit. Double click the option and it will display the name and multiplier to convert it to the standard units. The standard unit is always the first item in the list. The screen shows the current selection. Any unit may be chosen and will be used in the calculation if OK is selected. To create a User File for the User File Unit option in the calculation, select the desired units and click the save button A double click on any unit option selects that option and returns to the calculation. Data conversion For all items except flow, the unit change represents only a multiplier to convert the input data and the data is always converted. The Flow Quantity option has Mass and Volume options. The relationship between mass flow and volume flow is a multiplier and the specific gravity of the fluid. If the flow units are changed from mass to volume, or volume to mass and the specific gravity is not available the flow rate is set to zero. Conversion factors and units are based on API 2564 Definition of units Mass flow units : lb = pounds kg = kilograms tonne = 1000 kg = 1Mg g = gram UKton = 2240 lb USton = 2000 lb Other = user defined mass unit Volume flow units : USgal = US gallons litre = litres ft3 = cubic feet UKgal = UK gallons m3 = cubic metres bbl = barrels (42 US gallons) cm3 = cubic centimetres Other = user defined volumetric unit Flow time base : /s = per second /m = per minute /h = per hour /d = per day Gauge pressure : psig = pounds per square inch gauge kPag = kiloPascals gauge atg = atmospheres gauge inhgg = inches of mercury gauge MPag = megaPascals gauge

inH2Og = inches of water gauge mmhgg = millimetres of mercury gauge barg = bars gauge kg/cm2g = kilograms per square centimetre gauge Other = user defined gauge pressure unit Pressure drop : psi = pounds per square inch kPa = kiloPascals at = atmospheres inhg = inches of mercury MPa = megaPascals inH2O = inches of water mmhg = millimetres of mercury bar = bars kg/cm2 = kilograms per square centimetre Other = user defined pressure drop unit Absolute pressure : psia = pounds per square inch absolute kPaa = kiloPascals absolute ata = atmospheres absolute inhga = inches of mercury absolute MPaa = megaPascals absolute inH2Oa = inches of water absolute mmhga = millimetres of mercury absolute bara = bars absolute kg/cm2a = kilograms per square centimetre absolute Other = user defined absolute pressure unit Temperature : degF = degrees Fahrenheit degF = degrees Centigrade degR = degrees Rankine degK = degrees Kelvin Other = user defined temperature unit Velocity ft/s = feet per second m/s = metres per second Other = user defined velocity Viscosity : cp = centipoises Pa.s = Pascal seconds cs = centistokes kPa.s = kiloPascal seconds Other = user defined viscosity unit Pipe size :

in = inches mm = millimetres cm = centimetres ft = feet m = metres Other = user defined size Valve size : in = inches mm = millimetres cm = centimetres ft = feet m = metres Other = user defined size Length and elevation : ft = feet m = metres Other = user defined length Bulk Modulus & Modulus of elasticity) psi = pounds per square inch kPa = kiloPascals Other = user defined unit AUXILIARY PROGRAM Liquid Water Hammer.Calculation This program is for determining the closing time of valves to prevent water hammer Engineering Units There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit Volume Flow - English Units. US gallons per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade Volume Flow - SI Units. Litres per second and degrees Centigrade User Units. A set of units selected from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection A new calculation defaults to Mass English units. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the specific gravity is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Liquid Flow Engineering Unit screen. Fluid Properties The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure liquids and

mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure liquid find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base is user upgradable. Input Data The enabled input boxes define the data required for the calculation. Enter the data and select the pipe elastic modulus and inside diameter. Calculate Click the Calculate button. The program will validate the input data, Calculate the Critical closing time conditions, the closing time for the allowable pressure and enable the selected time input box. Enter the Selected closing time. Calculate to display the selected time conditions. Editing Data The output data should be examined for adequacy. Is the closing time conservative enough? Change data as required and recalculate Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New) Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records The default paths are The Data Files. (AUXDAT.TAG and AUXDAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (AUXDAT.UNS) The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT) Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager AUXILIARY PROGRAM Calculation Data Printout This program will print the input and output calculation data and one associated comment. The comment is included in the data sheet for reference purposes

It also creates the default printout headings. The headings are printed at the top of all printouts. They are saved in the HEADINGS.DAT file. This is the third default path. If all programs are set to the same path, this becomes the default headings for all program printouts Save. Saves the headings Cancel. Returns to the calculation form without printing OK. Prints the headings and calculation using the Windows Print Manager, then returns to the calculation form AUXILIARY PROGRAM Gas Pipe Pressure Loss Calculation Engineering Units There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit Volume Flow - English Units. Standard cubic feet per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade Volume Flow - SI Units. Standard cubic decimeters per second and degrees Centigrade User Units. A set of units selected from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit options without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the Molecular weight is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and the barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF. The ISO standard is 14.696 psia and 59 degF.

Fluid Properties The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure gases and mixtures and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base can be user maintained Calculation options. Select the Pipe Material. Select the Pipe Condition. Check the Entrance if it is a large contraction Check the Exit if it is a large expansion Input Data Three cases are available, use only what is needed. The enabled input boxes define the data required for the calculation. Enter the piping configuration and the pipe lengths and elevation change. Enter the process data Calculate Click the Case button. The program will validate the input data, Calculate the output data Display the results Editing Data The output data should be examined for adequacy. A reasonable velocity for orifice plates is 20 to 150 feet per second Or 20 to 250 feet per second for other devices. Change data as required and recalculate Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path,. it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New) Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records The default paths are

The Data Files. (AUXDAT.TAG and AUXDAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (AUXDAT.UNS) The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT) Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager AUXILIARY PROGRAM Gas Data Calculation This program provides various process data which is required for many instrument calculations. It is integral with INSTRUCALC and is provided here for other calculations Engineering Units There are four standard unit sets and one user selected set available Mass Flow - English units. Pounds per hour and degrees Fahrenheit Volume Flow - English Units. Standard cubic feet per minute and degrees Fahrenheit Mass Flow - SI Units. Kilograms per second and degrees Centigrade Volume Flow - SI Units. Standard cubic decimeters per second and degrees Centigrade User Units. A set of units selected from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen To make or change a User Unit set select the option Review units. The Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen will be displayed. It shows the available options and the current unit selection. Select the required units and save the User file. Unit Selection A new calculation loads the default units, which can be any of the five available options. It is set up by selecting the required units under the Engineering Units menu, then going back into the same menu and saving it as the default. Two defaults are available, one for liquids, set in the liquid calculation and one for gas, set in the gas calculation. If process data is downloaded to a calculation which is displaying the wrong units, any of them can be overwritten with any of the five standard unit options without converting any of the data. To do this, under the Engineering Units menu, select the option Change units, no conversion , this will then allow one selection from the menu without conversion and then revert to normal operation. The Unit Selection can be made at any time. The input data will be converted to the new units. If a volumetric flow unit set is selected and the molecular weight is not available the flow is set to zero. Units for any individual input entry can be changed by the selecting the Review Units option and choosing from the Gas Flow Engineering Unit screen. Base Conditions The Base Conditions option will display the current values of base pressure, base temperature and barometric pressure. They should be checked and modified and saved to suit the operating conditions. AGA specifies a base pressure of 14.73 psia for natural gas, 14.696 for liquids with a vapor pressure equal or less than one atmosphere, and a base temperature of 60 degF. The ISO standard is 14.696 psia and 59 degF Fluid Properties The Fluid properties option is enabled when the pressure and temperature are entered. The properties required for a calculation are available for pure gases and mixtures

and are provided in the selected units. Caution should be used for mixtures of dissimilar fluids because the mixture law may not apply. For a pure gas find the name and select (or double-click) the name, the fluid properties will be entered. For a mixture select the first component. In the component box, enter the percentage. Continue until the remaining percentage equals zero, then select calculate in the component box and the program will calculate and enter the mixture values. The fluid properties data base can be user upgraded. Calculation Options Recall File Data Recalls data from the data base. Density Calculates with user input data. Compressibility Factor Calculates with user input data Vapor Pressure Calculates with user input data. Vapor Temperature Calculates with user input data. Latent Heat of Vaporization Calculates with user input data Input Data The Calculating Options selected enable the input boxes of the data required for the calculation and disable the input boxes for the calculated outputs and the data not required. Three cases are available, use as many as required. Recall File Data Option Enter the pressure and temperature conditions for the output data. From the Input Data Option select the Case Properties. Select either Pure Gas or Gas Mixture For Pure Gas select the liquid For Gas Mixtures select the components until remaining % is zero. Select Calculate The available data is displayed. Density Enter temperature, pressure, molecular weight, critical pressure, critical temperature,. Select Case button to calculate. Display the Density.@ TP . Compressibility Factor Enter temperature, pressure, critical pressure, critical temperature. Select Case button to calculate. Display the Compressibility @ TP. Vapor Pressure Enter the temperature, critical pressure, critical temperature and normal boiling point. Select the Case button to calculate Display the vapor pressure. Vapor Temperature Enter the vapor pressure, critical pressure, critical temperature and normal boiling point.

Select the Case button to calculate. Display the vapor temperature. Latent Heat of Vaporation Enter the required latent heat temperature, critical temperature, known value of latent heat of vaporization, temperature at known latent heat of vaporization Select the Case button to calculate. Display the latent heat of vaporization at the required temperature. Calculation Results The output data should be examined for adequacy. Be sure that the mixture law applies to your mixture. Change data as required and recalculate. Filing and Moving On The options in the File menu are -Program menu -- Clears the calculation and returns to the main menu. New - Clears the screen for a new calculation. Save - Using the default path, it saves a new record if not previously saved or saves changes to an existing record. Save New.-.Using the default path, it saves an existing record as a new record ( Used to duplicate similar items. i.e. Recall an existing record. Edit as required and Save New) Save As.... - Uses the Windows file access system. Saves to a file anywhere. Import data - Select the units and read Input data supplied in sequential files. File default path - Changes the default paths for the calculation records The default paths are The Data Files. (AUXDAT.TAG and AUXDAT.DAT). The User Unit Files. (AUXDAT.UNS) The Printout Headings File (HEADINGS.DAT) Print calculation - Is enabled after a calculation is made. It displays the screen to print a calculation. Exit -- Leaves the program and returns to the Windows Program Manager AUXILIARY PROGRAM Summary The program will provide a printout summary of data sheet records on file. It can provide a printout of either -All fields Selected fields Fields equal to Fields not equal to Fields equal to or less than Fields equal to or greater than Fields less than Fields more than Procedure for a new Summary Select Options Clear checks Clears all check on the form

Clear Other Data Clears all other data on the form Make new field selections Each field has four boxes-A check box to select the field A box to specify the field width A box to enter data to compare A box to specify the compare method (Double click for data) Select data relationship And or or Click Print to print using Windows Print Manager File Options Save print options Saves a standard printout Go to Program Menu Form Returns to program menu for further work on this module Exit Returns to the Windows Program Manager Procedure for a standard printout Select Options Recall saved options Print Procedure to print all fields Select Options Check all Print Other Options Select font Windows font selection procedure Select Printer Windows Print manager AUXILIARY PROGRAM Gas Engineering Units The screen shows the process variables used in a liquid calculation and list the available options. To assure full coverage each (Except Flow Time Base) has an Other option. This is a user defined unit. Double click the option and it will display the name and multiplier to convert it to the standard units. The standard unit is always the first item in the list. The screen shows the current selection. Any unit may be chosen and will be used in the calculation if OK is selected. To create a User File for the User File Unit option in the calculation, select the desired units and click the save button A double click on any unit option selects that option and returns to the calculation. Data Conversion For all items except flow, the unit change represents only a multiplier to convert the input data and the data is always converted. The Flow Quantity option has Mass and Volume options. The relationship between mass flow and volume flow is a multiplier and

the molecular weight of the gas, conversion can only be made when the molecular weight has been entered. Conversion factors and units are based on API 2564 Definition of units Mass flow units : lb = pounds kg = kilograms tonne = 1000 kg = 1Mg g = gram UKton = 2240 lb USton = 2000 lb Other = user defined mass unit Volume flow units : sft3 = standard cubic feet sdm3 = standard cubic decimetres sm3 = standard cubic metres Msft3 = million standard cubic feet Other = user defined volume unit Flow time base : /s = per second /m = per minute /h = per hour /d = per day Gauge pressure : psig = pounds per square inch gauge kPag = kiloPascals gauge atg = atmospheres gauge inhgg = inches of mercury gauge MPag = megaPascals gauge inH2Og = inches of water gauge mmhgg = millimetres of mercury gauge barg = bars gauge kg/cm2g = kilograms per square centimetre gauge Other = user defined gauge pressure unit Pressure drop : psi = pounds per square inch kPa = kiloPascals at = atmospheres inhg = inches of mercury MPa = megaPascals inH2O = inches of water mmhg = millimetres of mercury bar = bars kg/cm2 = kilograms per square centimetre Other = user defined pressure drop unit

Absolute pressure : psia = pounds per square inch absolute kPaa = kiloPascals absolute ata = atmospheres absolute inhga = inches of mercury absolute MPaa = megaPascals absolute inH2Oa = inches of water absolute mmhga = millimetres of mercury absolute bara = bars absolute kg/cm2a = kilograms per square centimetre absolute Other = user defined absolute pressure unit Temperature : degF = degrees Fahrenheit degF = degrees Centigrade degR = degrees Rankine degK = degrees Kelvin Other = user defined temperature unit Velocity ft/s = feet per second m/s = metres per second Other = user defined velocity Viscosity : cp = centipoises Pa.s = Pascal seconds cs = centistokes kPa.s = kiloPascal seconds Other = user defined viscosity unit Pipe size : in = inches mm = millimetres cm = centimetres ft = feet m = metres Other = user defined size Length and elevation : ft = feet m = metres Other = user defined length Density lb/ft3 = pounds per cubic foot kg/m3 = kilograms per cubic metre g/cm3 = grams per cubic centimetre lb/in3 = pounds per cubic inch Other = user defined density unit Latent Heat :

btu/lb = British thermal units per pound kJ/lb = kiloJoules per pound Other = user defined latent heat

Auxiliary Programs Data Files INSTRUCALC V4 Random access file specification for Auxiliary programs AUXDAT.Dat.

Tag Numbers are stored in the sequential file AUXDAT.TAG. Its number in the file is the record number in the random access file. _________________________________________________ Type FileData ProgNums As Integer 2 bytes PipeConds As Integer 2 bytes PipeMatls As Integer 2 bytes GasBasiss As String * 3 3 bytes LiqBasiss As String * 3 3 bytes. FS(0 To 27) As Single 112 bytes.Units conversion factor GS0(0 To 27) As Single 112 bytes. GS1(0 To 27) As Single 112 bytes. GS2(0 To 27) As Single 112 bytes. UnS(0 To 27) As String * 8 224 bytes.Unit Name PDSs(1 To 6) As Single 24 bytes. PDIs(1 To 14) As Integer 28 bytes. Services(1 To 5) As String * 25 125 bytes.Data sheet service,Date, By,Fluid,,PipeMatl Notess As String * 60 60 bytes.Data sheet notes End Type Record len=921 __________________________________________ GasBasiss "Mas" for a gas mass calculation, "Vol" a volume LiqBasiss "Mas" for a liquid mass calc, "Vol" a volume ______________________________________ If ProgNum = 1 Then Program = "Line Loss - Liquid flow" If ProgNum = 2 Then Program = "Line Loss - Gas Flow" Common data PipeCond Percentage increase in friction factor, 0,20 or 50 PipeMatl = 1 Commercial steel PipeMatl = 2 Drawn tubing PipeMatl = 3 Cast Iron PipeMatl = 4 Galvanised Iron PipeMatl = 5 Ashphalt lined PipeMatl = 6 Concrete PipeMatl = 7 Wood stave PDS(1) = Pipe length FS(25) UnS(25) PDS(2) = Pipe inside diameter FS(18) UnS(18) PDS(3) = Pipe elevation FS(25) UnS(25) PDS(4) = Entrance type PDS(5) = Exit type PDI(1) = Number of gate valves PDI(2) = Number of globe valves PDI(3) = Number of check valves PDI(4) = Number of 90deg elbows PDI(5) = Number of 45deg elbows PDI(6) = Number of thru tees

PDI(7) = Number of branch tees __________________________________________________ Liquid data GSx(1) = Flow rate FS(1) UnS(1) GSx(2) = Temperature UnS(2) GSx(3) = Pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GSx(4) = Equipment pressure loss FS(4) UnS(4) GSx(6) = Specific gravity at flow conditions GSx(7) = Viscosity at flow conditions FS(7) UnS(7) __________________________________________________ Gas data GSx(0) = Flow rate FS(0) UnS(0) GSx(2) = Temperature UnS(2) GSx(3) = Pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GSx(4) = Equipment pressure loss FS(4) UnS(4) GSx(5) = Molecular weight GSx(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GSx(10) = Ratio of specific heats GSx(11) = Critical pressure FS(11) UnS(11) GSx(12) = Critical temperature FS(12) UnS(12) ________________________________________If ProgNum = 3 Then Program = "Water Hammer - Liquid flow" GS0(1) = Flow rate FS(1) UnS(1) GS0(2) = Temperature UnS(2) GS0(3) = Operating pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS1(3) = Allowable pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GS0(6) = Specific gravity GS0(27) = Bulk modulus FS(27) UnS(27) GS1(27) = Line Elastic modulus FS(27) UnS(27) GS0(25) = Line length FS(25) UnS(25) GS0(18) = Pipe inside diameter FS(18) UnS(18) GS2(18) = Pipe wall thickness FS(18) UnS(18) GSO(10) = Selected time secs _____________________________________________ If ProgNum = 4 Then Program = "Process Liquid Data" GSx(0) = Molecular weight GSx(1) = Liquid flash point UnS(2) GSx(2) = Temperature UnS(2) GSx(3) = Pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GSx(4) = Normal boiling point UnS(2) GSx(5) = Specific gravity at base conditions GSx(6) = Specific gravity at flow conditions GSx(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GSx(8) = Vapor pressure FS(8) UnS(8) GSx(9) = Density FS(9) UnS(9)

GSx(11) = Critical pressure FS(11) UnS(11) GSx(12) = Critical temperature UnS(12) GSx(27) = Bulk modulus FS(27) UnS(27) ____________________________________________ If ProgNum = 5 Then Program = "Process Gas Data GSx(0) = Compressibility factor GSx(2) = Temperature UnS(2) GSx(3) = Pressure FS(3) UnS(3) GSx(4) = Normal boiling point UnS(2) GSx(5) = Molecular weight GSx(7) = Viscosity FS(7) UnS(7) GSx(8) = Vapor pressure FS(8) UnS(8) GSx(9) = Density FS(9) UnS(9) GSx(10) = Ratio of specific heats GSx(11) = Critical pressure FS(11) UnS(11) GSx(12) = Critical temperature UnS(12) GSx(13) = Required latent heat of vaporization FS(16) UnS(16) GSx(16) = Known latent heat of vaporization FS(16) UnS(16) GSx(15) = Known latent heat temperature UnS(2) _____________________________________________________ Miscellaneous files AUXDAT.UNS Sequential file. User unit data AUXDAT.STP Sequential file. Base conditions HEADINGS.DAT Sequential file. Printout titles AUXCALC.DRV Sequential file. Default drives and paths AUXCALC.COL Sequential file. Color selections AUXILIARY PROGRAMS Import Process Data To Import process data into a calculation Make a sequential file for each calculation. Files to have a filename(Suggest the tag number) with no extension (ie AUX-100.). After INSTRUCALC reads the file it will rename the file to "FILENAME.OK". This will divide the files into two lists, those which have been processed and those which have not. To read a file. 1. Go to the required calculation and select the required units. 2. Take the Import data menu option. 3. Find the required file. (Using standard Windows procedures) 4. Select the file and the data will be loaded. 5. Proceed with the calculation and save the data. (Now in the INSTRUCALC file) 6. The sequential file will be assigned the extension ".OK". and will disappear from the list. 7. If a review is required, use the Windows file procedures for files with an extension ".OK" 8. Revised process data should be provided without extensions. The Instrument engineer will then have an instant review of work not yet performed.

Data input sequential file requirements (In input order) ________________________________________ Water Hammer calculation Variable name 1 Tag number (Seq file) 2 Fluid name Service(3) 3 Maximum flow G(0,1) 4 Maximum allowable pressure G(1,3) 5 Temperature G(0,2) 6 Operating pressure G(0,3) 7 SG @ flow conditions G(0,6) 8 Liquid bulk modulus G(0,27) 9 Pipe elastic modulus G(1,27) 10 Line length G(0,25) 11 Pipe inside diameter G(0,18) 12 Pipe wall thickness G(2.18) 13 Pipe material Service(5) ___________________________________________ Pressure loss calculation Liquid Flow Variable name 1 Tag number (Seq file) 2 Fluid name Service(3) 3 Maximum flow G(Case,1) 4 Temperature G(Case,2) 5 Pressure G(Case,3) 6 SG @ flow conditions G(Case,6) 7 Viscosity G(Case,7) 8 Pipe size PDS(2) __________________________________________________ Pressure loss calculation Gas Flow Variable name 1 Tag number (Seq file) 2 Gas name Service(3) 3 Gas Flow G(Case, 0) 4 Temperature G(Case, 2) 5 Pressure G(Case, 3) 6 Barometric pressure G(0,23) 7 Gas MW G(Case, 5) 8 9 10 11 12 Cp/Cv Viscosity Critical pressure Critical temperature Pipe inside diameter G(Case, 10) G(Case,7) G(Case, 11) G(Case, 12) PDS(2)

Auxiliary Program Pipe Dimensions

The pipe sizes are available in a program look-up table. To find the size, select the Pipe ID button to display the pipe size screen, enter the nominal size of the pipe and select the search button. The available wall thickness and the corresponding inside diameters for the nominal size are displayed. Select the required size and the data will be downloaded to the calculation. Metric dimensions are in millimeters and nominal sizes are base on 25 mm per nominal inch. If units other than inches or millimeters are used, the data transferred back to the calculation will be converted to the calculation units.