Bo co thc tp tt nghip MC LC

LI NI U Ngy nay, cng vi s pht trin khng ngng ca khoa hc k thut, h thng vin thng ngy nay l phng tin ph bin mi ngi trao i thng tin, d liu, hnh nh, videoN l yu t quan trng gp phn thc y kinh t-x hi pht trin nhanh chng, SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
i

Bo co thc tp tt nghip ng thi gp phn nng cao i sng ca mi ngi, ca tng quc gia, chu lc. Nhu cu s dng dch v vin thng con ngi ngy cng phong ph v a dng v vy p ng c cc nhu cu i hi cc h thng vin phi lun c nng cp v i mi c v cng ngh, tnh nng v dch v Ngy nay nhiu h thng h thng vin thng hin i, tin tin khng ngng c nghin cu th nghim v a vo khai thc. Cc dch v tr nn a dng v phong ph hn, cc yu cu ca khch hng ngy cng c p ng nh yu cu v tc , bng thng, cht lng m thanh, hnh nh Qua thi gian thc tp ti Trung tm Vin thng b mn V tuyn c hng dn hc tp v tip xc vi cc thit b thc t, bn bo co thc tp em xin trnh by v cc vn sau: Chng I: o MS tiu chun GSM bng my Agilent 8922M Chng II: Thit b ViBa RMD-904 Chng III: H thng SDH DMR300S Do thi gian v kin thc bn thn c hn nn bi bo co s khng trnh khi nhng thiu st v mt ni dung, rt mong nhn c s ch bo gp ca cc Thy C. Qua y em cng xin gi li cm n n cc Thy C gio trong Khoa Vin Thng dy d v truyn t cho chng em nhng kin thc qu gi v c bit gi li bit n su sc ti C gio Phm Thy Hin hng dn tn tnh cho em trong sut qu trnh thc tp v lm bo co. Sinh vin thc hin L Trng Nam

THUT NG VIT TT AXE ATT Automatic Cross-Connection Equipment Attenuator Thit b ni cho t ng ng ten
ii

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip AMP FET BPF BR CKT DIST FDM GSM HPA HYB IF IP INTFC ITU-R LNA MGW MS NGN PCM PSK PSTN RF RX IF RX RF SD STM TDM TWT TR-X TX-SW TX-RF VMS VoIP VSAT Amplifier FET Band Pass Filter Branching Circuit Distributor Frequency Division Multiplexer Global System for Mobile communication High Power Amplifier Hybrid Intermedia Frequency Internet Protocol Interface International Telecommunication Union Radio Communication Sector Low Noise Amplifier Media Gateway Mobile Station Next Generation Nextwork Pulse Code Modulation Phase Shift Key Public Switching Telephone Network Radio Frequency Receiver Intermediate Frequency Receiver Radio Frequency Space Diversity Synchronous Transport Module Time Division Multiplexer Travelling Wave Tube Transmitter Receiver Transmitter Switching Transmitter Radio Frequency Message System Voice over IP Very Small Aperture Terminal B khuch i tranzitor trng B lc thng di Mch r nhnh Phn phi Ghp knh phn chia theo tn s H thng thng tin di ng ton cu B khuych i cng sut cao Lai ghp Sng trung tn Giao thc mng Giao din Khu vc Lin hip vin thng quc t B khuych i tp m thp Cng a phng tin Trm di ng Mng th h sau iu ch xung m Kha chuyn pha Mng in thoi cng cng Sng v tuyn Thu tn s trung cp Thu tn s v tuyn Phn tp khng gian Module vn chuyn ng b Ghp knh phn chia theo thi gian n sng chy Thit b thu pht Chuyn mch u thu Thu tn s v tuyn H thng bn tin thoi Thoi qua IP Thit b u cui c m rt nh
iii

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip

DANH MC CC HNH V Hnh 1.1 My o kim Aligent 8922M Hnh 1.2 Cu trc MS Hnh 1.3 Giao din ca Aligent 8922M SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
iv

Bo co thc tp tt nghip Hnh 1.4 Mn hnh hin th cng sut nh Hnh 1.5 Bng hin th li pha v li tn s Hnh 1.6 Ph cng sut sn ln Hnh 1.7 Ph cng sut sn xung Hnh 1.8 ph cng sut tn hiu Hnh 2.1: S khi thit b pht thu Hnh 2.2: S khi my pht RMD - 904 Hnh 2.3: S khi PBA bng tn c s pht Hnh 2.4. S khi bng tn c s ph Hnh 2.5 S khi cp ngun Hnh 2.6 S khi kch thch Hnh 2.7 S b tng hp tn s Hnh 2.8 S khi khuch i cng sut Hnh 2.9 S khi my thu Hnh 2.10 S khi bin i h tng Hnh 2.11 S khi Modul trung tn Hnh 2.12 S khi mch gii iu ch v khi phc sng mang Hnh 3.1 S mt trc ca thit b vi ba s SDH DMR3000s Hnh 3.2 Cu hnh chi tit thit b h thng 3+1 Hnh 3.3 S cu hnh h thng SDH DMR3000s ti phng thc hnh

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip CHNG I : O MS TIU CHUN GSM BNG MY O AGILENT 8922M 1.1. Gii thiu my o Aligent 8922M - Agilent 8922M GSM Test Set l my o, kim tra cc thng s ca trm di ng MS theo tiu chun GSM. - My c th lm vic 3 ch : tch cc (Active cell), ch kim tra (Test mode), to sng mang lin tc (CW-Generator). - My lm vic bng tn 900MHz. -8922M kt hp vi Opt 010: 83220E to nn 8922P- H thng kim tra a bng tn. - My c th thc hin cc php o c bn: Cng sut sng mang nh, li pha v li tn s, mt n cng sut, BER, ph tn hiu RF u ra. - My c th c nh cu hnh lm vic nh: my phn tch ph, my hin sng, my o m tn, my o sng mang lin tc.

Hnh 1.1 My o kim Aligent 8922M

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 1.2 Cu trc MS 1.2 CC BC THC HIN: Bc1: Chn ch do ACTIVE CELL. ACTIVE CELL MODE l ch mc nh, khi ny my o Agilent 8922M lm vic nh mt trm gc BTS mng GSM. V vy cho php thc hin cc cuc gi t my o Agilent 8922M n my di ng (MS) v ngc li. Da vo cc loi tn hiu v cc php o c th c gia MS v 8922M cho php t chc thc hin cc php o kim, cc php o v tn hiu c 8922M th hin di dng cc trng Field trn mn hnh v d: s knh, bin tn hiu, khe thi gian.... m MS ang lm vic, cng nh cc loi php o c minh ho bng mn hnh sau:

Hnh 1.3 Giao din ca Aligent 8922M SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
2

Bo co thc tp tt nghip
Bc2: T chc cuc gi:

Thc hin mt cuc gi t my di ng n Agilent 8922M: Bt ngun my o hoc n phm PRESET Lp tm SIM test [Subscriber Identity Module] lu tr thng tin khch hng vo my di ng. Kt ni MS vi u ni RF IN/OUT ca Agilent 8922M Bt my di ng v ch MS v 8922M thu nhn thng tin ca nhau Camp on. Quay s bt k no v n phm gi. Khi cuc gi c thit lp, th trng trng thi CALL STATUS trn hm hnh hin th CONNECTED, khi ny cc thng s sau c hin th: Cng sut pht nh ca MS. Cc thng s c MS bo co: Mc cng sut pht TX level, mc cng sut thu RX level, cht lng tn thu RX Qual Hin th knh lu lng v khe thi gian. Nu cuc gi khng c x l, th cn phi gii quyt MS. Khi cuc gi c ni thng, ta c th kim tra cht lng MS bng cch ni vo MS m thanh c Agilent 8922M gi tr li MS vi thi gian tr l 0,5 giy. Thc hin mt cuc gi t Agilent 8922M n my di ng: thc hin mt cuc gi (hoc tm gi MS) t Agilent 8922M n MS, cn phi cho Agilent 8922M bit s SIM trong MS y l IMSI [International Mobile Subcriber Identity] con s ny v thng tin khc ca MS c lu tr trong SIM Card. C hai cch Agilent 8922M bit nhn c thng tin ny: Thc hin mt cuc gi t MS n Agilent 8922M: Khi cuc gi c khi ngun t MS th Agilent 8922M t ng c s IMSI trn SIM Card. Nu c mt cuc gi trc thnh cng vi cng mt SIM card th c th thc hin cuc gi ti MS bng cch n phm ORG CALL. Vo mn hnh MS INFORMATION v nhp s IMSI trc tip t bn phm: n cc phm sau y thc hin: SHIFT, CELL CONFIG (MS INFO) SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Vo trng Paging IMSI v nhp s IMSI t bn phm. CELL CNTL, ORG CALL. Thay i knh, khe thi gian v mc pht. Trc khi thit lp cuc gi, hoc ang thc hin cuc gi (Handover) c th thay i cc thng s sau y vng (4) nh: Channel, Tx Level, Timeslot. - Channel: Khi chuyn i knh khng lm gin on cuc gi, khi ny thc hin Handover. - Tx Level: Mc cng sut pht c 8922M ra lnh cho MS pht mc c th thch hp. Khi thay i mc cng sut pht ca MS, Tx Level th xy ra hai trng hp. + Cng sut pht ca MS c thay i. + Trng bin Amplitude trong vng (5) Expected Input t ng iu chnh theo gi tr danh nh c xc nh bi trng Tx Level. cho php b phn tch RF ca 8922M ng chnh theo bin u ra mong mun ca MS. Nu tn hiu khng nm trong phm vi 3dB so vi bin mong mun, th cn phi iu chnh trng bin Amplitude sao cho mm trong phm vi 3 dB. - Timeslot: Cc khe thi gian s 0, 1 v 7 c dnh ring cho vic duy tr thng tin gia MS v 8922M cho php m phng vic thc hin Handover. Bc 3: Thc hin o ph La chn trng OUT RF SP t mn hnh iu khin Cell

Thc hin ln lt cc bc sau: SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

4

Bo co thc tp tt nghip m bo trng Frep Offset c t gi tr 0 (1) La chn Ramp Ref hay Mod Ref (2) (ph thuc vo php o iu ch hay chuyn mch) Hai bc trn nhm thit lp mc tham kho so snh cc gi tr ti cc lch tn s. La chn Ramping hay Modulation (3) t cc gi tr Freq Offset (4) C th xem s bin i ca ph RF u ra MS bng cch la chn View-Trace Quan st ph tn hiu u ra MS trn mt di rng: Chn trng SPEC ANL trn mn hnh CEL CNTL

Main Mn hnh hin th cc chc nng c bn ca b phn tch ph RF Generator ng iu khin b to tn hiu cao tn trong my o Agilent 8922M Marker Mn hnh iu khin im nh du Auxiliary Mn hnh iu khin cc u vo v cc thit lp suy hao. S dng trng (2) v trng (3) kt hp vi vic thay i phn gii bng tn ca

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip my o kho st ph tn hiu mt cch chi tit. Bc 4: nh gi - Ghi cc kt qu o vo bng. - Da vo tiu chun - Da vo s phn b tn s ca h thng. 1.3. Kt qu o kim v phn tch kt qu o Cc kt qu o di tng ng vi RF Chanel: 18 v Time slot: 6 1.3.1 o cng sut nh sng mang Mc nh: Thc hin o v tnh trung bnh cng sut sng mang my pht cho mt cm n Peak Power : 13,96 dBm

Hnh 1.4 Mn hnh hin th cng sut nh 1.3.2 o li pha v li tn s Mc ch: Xc nh gi tr li pha v li tn s ca tn hiu do qu trnh iu ch v tp m. Sau khi thc hnh th nghim, chng ta c th xc nh c li pha v li tn s ca tn hiu do qu trnh iu ch v tp m i vi hng pht phn v tuyn. Bng gi tr o c v sai pha v sai tn: SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 1.5 Bng hin th li pha v li tn s Single burst Items Tx Phase Error RMS Tx Phase Error peak Tx Frequency Error Measure Values 1.18 2.42 25.9 Unit Deg Deg hz Ranges
5

20 90 Hz

Cc gi tr v li pha RMS, li pha nh v li tn s th hin trong bng u nm trong gii hn o cho php. Bng gi tr o tip theo l v li pha chi tit: Phase Error View Items Phase Error at bit 15 Phase Error at bit 50 Phase Error at bit 75 Measure Values 0.32 1.47 1.68 Unit Deg Deg Deg Ranges
20 20 20

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip Phase Error at bit 115 -0.68 Deg

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Cc gi tr o th hin li pha theo cc bt s liu. Chng ta c th thy c rng gi tr v li pha trong phn thc nghim tng i nh chng t php o kh chnh xc. 1.2.3 o v phn tch mt n ph cng sut Mc ch: Thc hin hin th xung tn hiu pht ca MS trong khong thi gian mt cm v kim tra xem mc ny c ph hp vi cc chun GSM hay khng. nghin cu su v mt n ph cng sut , chng ti i vo o c v phn tch Rise Edge ( sn tng ca xung), Top 2dB (khong gia cm), fall edge ( sn xung ca xung) 1. Rise Edge

Hnh 1.6 Ph cng sut sn ln Mn hnh Rise Edge View th hin mc cng sut nh 30dB trong phn sn tng cadng sng. Thang bin gii hn t -40 n 5 dBm, thang thi gian gii hn t -8 n 4 Tb.Trong phn thc hnh ny, chng ti tin hnh o c v c c kt qu theo nh bng sau Items Rising Period Level Range Measure Values 4.4Tb 0.2Tb -40dB 0.03dB Unit Tb db Ranges -8Tb 4Tb -40 5db
8

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip Level at -2Tb -37.16 db

Trong phn thc hnh, chng ti a ra c khong thi gian tng ca sn ln t t=-3,2Tb n t=0,2 Tb.Mc cng sut thp nht (-40dB) v cao nht (-0,21dB) o c u nm trong gii gii hn. Ti v tr bt trung tm (t= -2Tb) o c mc cng sut l -8,03 dB. 2. Fall Edge

Hnh 1.7 Ph cng sut sn xung Mn hnh Fall Edge hin th mc cng sut tn hiu trong khong thi gian cui ca cm ( sn xung ca xung ), cho php xc nh thi gian gim ca tn hiu. Gii hn v thang bin l t -40 dBm n 5 dBm v gii hn v thang thi gian l t 144 n 156 Tb. Chng ti tin hnh o v a ra c kt qu nh sau: Items Falling Period Level Range Level at 148Tb 1.2.4 Phn tch ph Measure Values 147.4 150.8 -40 -0.45 -0.92 Unit Tb db db 144Tb 156Tb -40 5db Ranges

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

Bo co thc tp tt nghip Mc ch: Xc nh, nh gi ph tn hiu RF ca phn pht MS nh gi cht lng ca b iu ch v cc b lc trong phn pht ca MS trong bng tn h thng. Kim tra nhiu do iu ch, kim tra nhiu do Ramping ca bin tn hiu Xc nh gii hn cho mi php o ti lch tn s c th v mc nhiu Ph tn hiu u ra:

Hnh 1.8 ph cng sut tn hiu

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Bng kt qu o tng hp
Date: 27 /04 / 2012 Class: H10VT1 Name of Students: 1 L Trng Nam ITEMS Time: 14h Mark: 2 MEASURE VALUES UNIT RANGES

A. Pre-Test I. Test Conditions CCH RF Channel Number 18 Level -68 TCH RF channel Number 18 TS 6 Level 16 Expected Input 11dBm II. Call Status Type of Call (MTC, MOC) MTC MS ONUM (Originate 462022111661406 Number) MS IMSI MS Reports Tx Level 16( 11dBm ) Rx Level 41( -60 -69dBm) Rx Quality (BER) 0( <0.2% ) III. Handover Conditions New TS 3 New RF Chanel Number 16 Status OK Ok B. GSM Specific Measurements I. Peak Carrier Power Peak Power 13.96 dBm SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

dBm

1 124 -127 -7dBm 1 124 26 1 19(41 5dBm) -27,9 +41dBm

dBm

dBm dBm BER

1 19(41 5dBm) 7 63(-104 -48dBm) 0 7 ( <0.2% >12.8%) 26 1 124

dBm

0 40dBm
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Differ From Expected Input Coupling Loss Uplink -3.16 DownLink -109 II. Phase and Frequency Error Single Burst Tx Phase Error RMS 1.18 Tx Phase Error Peak 2.42 Tx Frequency Error 25.90 Multiple Bursts Number of Bursts 10 Tx Mean Phase Error RMS 1.13 Tx Mean Phase Error Peak 2.75 Tx Mean Frequency Error -14.08 Phase Err View Phase Error at Bit 15 0.32 Phase Error at Bit 55 1.47 Phase Error at Bit 85 1.68 Phase Error at Bit 135 -0.68 III. Power Ramp Mask Rise Edge View Rising Period 4.4Tb 0.2Tb Level Range -40dB 0.03dB Level at -2Tb -37.16 Complied OK Ok Fall Edge View Falling Period 147.4 150.8 Level Range -40 -0.45 Level at 147Tb -0.92 Complied OK Ok Top 2dB View Time Range -1.1 147.7 Level Range Complied Ok -0.1 0.14 Ok

dBm dBm

dBm dBm Hz

5 20 90Hz

deg deg Hz deg deg deg deg

5 20 90Hz 20 20 20 20

-8Tb 4Tb -40 +5dB

Tb

144Tb 156Tb -40 + 5dB

Tb dB

-10Tb 160Tb -1.2 +1.2dB

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Total Test Time Remarks: Points Passed: Others: Telecommunication Faculty I Radio Section

; Points Failed

CHNG II: THIT B VI BA S RMD-904 2.1. S khi v ch tiu k thut ca thit b vi ba s RMD 904 2.1.1. S d khi ca thit b vi ba s RMD-904 SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Hng AWA sn xut cc h thng vi ba s lm vic cc bng tn 900MHz, 1500MHz v 1800MHz. Cc thit b v tuyn vi ba s ca hng ny s dng phng thc iu ch pha vung gc (QPSK - Quadrature Phase Shift Keying). H thng cho php truyn dn cc lung 2Mb/s, 22Mb/s v 42Mb/s m ng HDB3 mc cng sut +37dBm (5Wat). Cu trc Modul ca thit b cho php d dng bo qun v sa cha. y l thit b vi ba bng hp do hng AWA ca C sn xut. Hin nay hu ht cc tnh huyn u ang khai thc thit b ny. Trong phm vi ti ny ta nghin cu th thng vi ba s lm vic bng tn 900MHz. S khi thit b thu pht vi ba s RMD904 c cho hnh 2.1.

Hnh 2.1: S khi thit b pht thu 2.1.2. Ch tiu k thut ca thit b vi ba s RMD-904 - Dung lng: 2*2Mb/s (60 knh thoi). - Tn s v tuyn: 820 MHz - 960 MHz. - Cng sut ra ni ANTEN: +36dBm. - Ngng thu: -90(dbm) - iu ch tn hiu s: OQPSK. - u vo s liu: HDB3 2,048Mbit/s, 75 khng cn bng. - iu ch knh nghip v: FM. SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip - p tuyn tn s knh nghip v 300 2200Hz: 2 dB 3 dB. - Mc vo/ra knh nghip v 600: 0 dBm. - T s tn hiu/tp m S/N: >40 (dBm op/chng) - Tn s tone gi: 2 KHz. - iu ch knh gim st: FM. - Di tn knh gim st: 5khz/tone - p tuyn tn s knh gim st 2,7Khz - 5,0Khz: +2 dB3dB - Mc vo knh gim st (600): -10(dBm) - Mc ra knh gim st (600): -10(dBm) - Ngun cung cp cho thit bi in p DC: -24 VDC hoc -48 VDC - Cng sut tiu th ton b trn mt my u cui: + Vi cng sut ra 5 w: 63w + Vi cng sut ra 1w: 43w Cc phng php d phng: + D phng m (warm standby). + D phng nng (hot standby). + Phn tp tn s (frequency diversity). + Phn tp khng gian (space diversity). - thc hin vic bo v, trm viba c d phng c lp b chuyn mch bo v (Protection switch). - Thit b thu pht lm vic vi phido l cp ng trc tr khng 50 . - Ty thuc theo iu kin thc t yu cu , thit b viba lm vic vi anten parabol ng knh: 0.9 m, 1.2m, 1.8m, 2.4m. 2.2. Phn pht 2.2.1. S khi v ch tiu k thut 2.2.1.1. S khi.

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 2.2: S khi my pht RMD - 904 S khi phn pht ca RMD 904 c cho hnh 2.2. My pht RMD-904 gm c cc khi chnh sau y - Khi bng tn c s pht (TxBaseBand). - Khi kch thch (Exciter). - Khi khuch i cng sut pht PA (Power Amplifier). - Tm mch hin th my pht (Tx Display). 2.2.1.2. Ch tiu k thut Ch tiu k thut ca phn pht nh sau: - Cng sut ra: +37dBm. - Tr khng ra: 50 . - n nh tn s: }15 ppm. - Bc nhy tn s: 100KHz. - Cng sut tiu th. + Khi cng sut ra 5W: 51w. + Khi cng sutra 1W: 31W. 2.2.2. Khi bng tn c s pht

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip S khi m t nguyn l hot ng ca khi bng tn c s pht c m t hnh 2.3

Hnh 2.3: S khi PBA bng tn c s pht Khi thc hin bn chc nng chnh sau: - X l tn hiu bng tn c s chnh (s). - X l tn hiu bng tn c s ph (tng t). - Cp ngun mt chiu. - Khuych i logarit v cc hin th cnh bo. Nguyn l hot ng: Khi thc hin nhn 2 lung 2048Kb/s m HDB3 t tng i hoc my ghp knh hoc cc thit b khc n ghp thnh mt lung 4,245Mb/s m NRZ, sau c ngu nhin ho, chia thnh 2 lung 2,1225 Mb/s, c m ho vi sai trc khi a khi iu ch. Tn hiu knh nghip v, knh gim st c ghp thnh tn hiu bng tn c s ph 5KHz a n iu tn vo sng mang RF. 2.2.2.1. Khi bng tn c s pht chnh Khi thc hin cc chc nng sau: Khi phc CLK t lung s HDB3 vo. Bin i lung s t m HDB3 thnh m NRZ. SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Ghp hai lung s 2048Kb/s thnh lung 4,245Mb/s. Ngu nhin ho lung s 4,245Mb/s. Bin i ni tip thnh song song lung s 4,245Mb/s v m ho vi sai. Chn AIS (Alarm Indication Signal) trong trng hp cc lung s vo b s c. Ngoi ra cn c mch hi chun a ra cc hin th cnh bo hay giao tip vi mng qun l. 2.2.2.1.1. Khi phc xung ng h t lung s HDB3 vo Vi mi lung s liu 2048Kb/s m HDB3 vo: c qua bin p T1 ti pha cun th bin p T1 xut hin dy xung HDB3+ v HDB3- a qua hai b so snh N1& N4, qua mch OR u ra ca mch OR iu khin mch dao ng cng hng LC gm cun s ca bin p T3 v t C4 mc song song. B dao ng ny c thit k c tn s cng hng ti tn s ng h 2048KHz. u ra ca b dao ng c bin i thnh dng xung bng cch s dng cc b so snh N2a . 2.2.2.1.2. Bin i m\ HDB3 thnh NRZ Vi mi lung vo 2048Kb/s m HDB3 c a n bin p phi hp tr khng/cch ly T1 v T2. Cc xung RZ (l xung HDB3+ v HDB3-) ti u ra ca bin p c tch ra bi cc b so snh N1 v N2. Cc b so snh ny a ra cc xung RZ c bin +5V. Sau cc xung RZ (l xung HDB3+ v HDB3-) ny c a n vi mch IC, ti y di s iu khin ca xung ng h khi phc hai dy s liu HDB3+ v HDB3bin i thnh lung s 2048Kb/s m NRZ. 2.2.2.1.3. Ghp hai lung 2048Kb/s m NRZ thnh lung 4,245Mb/s m NRZ. Hai lung s 2048Kb/s m NRZ di s iu khin ca cc xung ng h khi phc 2048KHz v ng h 4,245MHz c to ra trong mch chng c ghp thnh lung 4,245Mb/s trong vi mch D1 trong gm cc bit d liu, cc bit ca t ng b khung (FAW), cc bit chn v bit ch th chn. 2.2.2.1.4. Ngu nhin ho Lung s liu 4,245Mb/s m NRZ c ngu nhin ho bi mch ngu nhin ho . Mc ch ngu nhin ho nh sau: truyn ng h cho ng b pha thu SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
18

Bo co thc tp tt nghip trnh ph vch dn n kho nhm pha pha thu gim nhiu gia cc my vi ba hot ng gn tn s 2.2.2.1.5. Chn AIS Trong trng hp lung s liu vo c s c th mch gim st cnh bo to ra tn hiu cnh bo a in iu khin hin th ng thi cho php b dao ng AIS 2048KHzchn vo lung s b s c . Nu b ghp knh (hai lung 2048Kb/s thnh 4,245Mb/s) b s c th cng to ra tn hiu cnh bo s c ghp knh i n iu khin hin th cnh bo ng thi mch dao ng AIS 4,245MHz chn tn hiu AIS vo lung 4,245Mb/s. 2.2.2.2. Khi bng tn c s ph pht Khi chc nng x l , kt hp cc u vo tn hiu tng t tn s thp thnh tn hiu bng tn c s ph x l ting ni v cc u ra tai nghe. - Cc tn hiu ra: + u ra tn hiu bng tn c s ph a ti khi kch thch iu tn sng mang RF. + u ra tn hiu ting ni c x l a ti giao din bn ngoi. + u ra ting ni knh nghip v a ti t hp Handset. - Cc tn hiu vo gm: + u vo micro, nhn ting ni t ng ni t hp a ti mch khuych i v lc thng thp 2 KHz c bin ln. + u vo ting ni, hai mch sn sng nhn tn hiu thoi t my thu bn cnh v mt nhn ting thoi t my pht bn cnh (trm chuyn tip). + u vo tn hiu tone gi 2KHz (tn hiu bo gi cho knh nghip v), tn hiu ny ch c to ra khi ngi vn hnh n nt Call trc my ph. + u vo tn hiu knh gim st (2,7 -5 kHz), c hai u vo mt nhn thng tin t my thu bn cnh mt nhn thng tin t thit b gim st.

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 2.4. S khi bng tn c s ph 2.2.3. Khi cp ngun Nguyn l hot ng ca khi ngun nui c cho hnh 2.5: Khi ngun my pht c th lm vic vi in p vo l -24VDC hoc -48 VDC . B ngun c mch bo v chng u ngc in p mt chiu, mch bo v qu p, mch bo v qu dng, mch chng nhiu do lm vic ch xung. Ngun ny thc hin bin i v n p theo nguyn l iu ch rng xung.

Hnh 2.5 S khi cp ngun Cc in p vo: SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip + i vi in p vo -24VDC; mch lm vic vi gii in p vo t - 20V n 30V, dng ngun ni t. + i vi in p vo -48VDC; mch lm vic vi gii in p vo t - 40V n 60V , dng ngun ni t. Cc in p ra:
5v cung cp cho cc vi mch s ton my.

+10v cp in cho cc transistor khuych i p. +20v cp in cho cc transitor khuychi cng sut pht. +36v cp in cho mch t hp tn s, iu khin varicap 2.2.4. B khuych i logarit v cc mch cnh bo Cc yu cu v ch th trng thi v s c ca h thng u c x l ri a ra hin th trc mt my. - gim st xc nh mc cng sut pht mt mch in c thit k trch nng lng sng cao tn ti u ra khi khuych i cng sut sau thc hin: nn, khuych i logarit ri kch hot sng mt trong hai mi vch thanh LED ngang trn mt my. Phm vi cho php hin th mc cng sut pht t +30 n +37 dBm. Mc thng dng khong 32 n 34dBm. Mt in p ALC cng c to ra t mu tn hiu gim st RF iu khin khi kch thch. - Mch logic cnh bo thc trc gim st cc tn hiu trong my pht v mt s tn hiu iu khin t chuyn mch bo v. Khi cc thng s tn hiu ti im gim st vt qu mt gi tr ngng th mch to ra mc logic kch hot cc n cnh bo tng ng. + Mch gim st s liu vo DATA IN: Thng trc gim st cc lung s HDB3 vo, nu mt trong hai lung b s c th to ra tn hiu kch thch n DATA IN sng. + Mch gim st mc tn hiu RF LEVEL: Thng trc gim st mc tn hiu RF pht ti u ra khi khuych i cng sut khi mc cng sut pht hin thi nh hn mc cng sut danh nh 3dB th to tn hiu logic kch hoy n cnh bo RF LEVEL pha trc mt my pht. - Mch gim st s c phn pht Tx FAIL gim st xc nh cc s c sau: + S c s liu vo. SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip + S c mc cng sut pht. + S c tng hp tn s. + S c ghp knh. Khi tn ti mt trong cc s c ny th mch to ra mc logic iu khin n cnh bo TxFAIl sng phi trc mt my pht. 2.2.5. Khi kch thch. Nguyn l hot ng ca khi c cho hnh 2.6. Thc hin iu ch hai lung s liu sau khi c m ho vi sai vo sng mang trung tn 220MHz theo phng php iu ch OQPSK. Sau tn hiu IF pht c trn nng tn vi tn s sng mang RF nm trong bng tn cng tc. Sng mang RF s dng trn nng tn c to ra t mt b dao ng iu khin in p VCO v vng iu khin tng hp tn s. Tn hiu sau khi trn nng tn c lc, khuych i v khng ch mc +8dBm a ti khi khuych i cng sut. Tn hiu bng tn c s ph 5KHz gm tn hiu knh nghip v, tn hiu knh gim st, tn hiu tone c truyn i bng cch iu tn vo sng mang cao tn RF vi di tn cc i 15KHz trc khi ti b trn nng tn tn hiu IF 220MHz. Kt qu u ra ca b trn nng tn tn hiu RF pht cha cc thng tin ca lung s t tng i hoc cc thit b khc v cc thng tin nghip v.

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

22

Bo co thc tp tt nghip Hnh 2.6 S khi kch thch Modul kch thch gm ba khi chc nng chnh: - Khi iu ch OQPSK. - Khi trn nng tn. - Khi tng hp tn s. Sau y ta nghin cu nguyn l hot ng ca tng khi chc nng. 2.2.5.1. Khi iu ch OQPSK iu ch OQPSK bao gm vic to ra hai lung s ng pha (k hiu I) v vung pha (k hiu Q) b bin i ni tip vo song song v sau ly hai lung s liu lch pha 900 ny iu ch cho hai sng mang trung tn c pha lch nhau 90 . Qu trnh ny c thc hin hai b trn cn bng. u ra ca hai b trn cn bng c kt hp nhau v iu chnh mc to ra mt tn hiu duy nht IF pht. Kt qu ta c tn hiu v tuyn c pha dch theo "s lp m" ca hai dng s iu ch. Ta xt qu trnh iu ch ni trn c th hn. Gi s t mt lung s sau khi bin i t ni tip vo song song ta nhn c hai lung s liu c lp S1 v S2. mt thi im bt k cp cp bit ca S1 v S2 c th trnh by mt trong 4 trng thi (00, 01, 11.10). Vy khi ly mu S1 & S2 ng thi cc thi im t t1 n t4 ta c th trnh by 4 m bng 4 trng thi tng ng vi 4 gc pha ca sng mang c iu ch nh sau: T1 T2 T3 T4 2.2.5.2. B tng hp tn s S1 0 0 1 1 S2 0 1 0 1 C th trnh by dch pha 0 C th trnh by dch pha 90 C th trnh by dch pha 180 C th trnh by dch pha 270

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 2.7 S b tng hp tn s Nguyn l hot ng ca b tng hp tn s c cho hnh v 2.7: B tng hp tn s lm vic trn c s vng kho pha. N cho php thay i tn s pht vi bc nhy 100KHz bng cch thit lp h s chia cho b chia kh lp trnh bi cc chuyn mch BCD. Trc ht tn s dao ng VCO c a qua hai b chia 4 (thnh b chia 16) to thnh mu tn s t 75 - 82MHz. Sau mu tn s ny c chia mt ln na nh b chia nh thang ECL (chia 10 hoc chia 11) c tn s l 7,5 - 8,2 MHz. Tn hiu ny c a n b chia vn nng kh lp trnh. S chia ca b chia ny c th lp trnh c bng 4 chuyn mch BCD. Tn s nhn c sau khi chia a ti b so snh. Cc sai lch v tn s v pha c khuch i v lc ri a ti varicap ca b VCO iu chnh li tn s ca b dao ng VCO cho n khi khng cn sai lch. 2.2.6. Khi khuych i cng sut Nguyn l lm vic ca khi c cho hnh 2.8: Khi khuch i cng sut bao gm 4 tng khuch i tuyn tnh siu cao tn dng Transistor lng cc m bo khuch i cng sut t +8dBm ln mc (30 - 37dBm) theo yu cu. H s khuch i ca hai tng khuch i cui c th iu khin c bng chit p. nh thin cho 4 tng khuych i cng sut bng tm nh thin ring.

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 2.8 S khi khuch i cng sut Khi cn thc hin cch li gia my pht v phi anten bng mt b cch sng (Isolator). Nh b cch sng ny m m bo trnh hin tng phn x sng khi h ti. Trch mt phn sng cao tn to tn hiu ALC iu khin cc tng khuych i trong khi kch thch m bo mc tn hiu vo +8dBm. 2.2.7. Khi hin th Tm hin th c lp rp PANEL pha trc my pht . Tm c ba n LED cnh bo mu v mt b hin th 20 vch LED ch th cc mc cng sut pht hin thi. Khi c nhim v nhn tt c cc tn hiu ch th v trng thi lm vic ca h thng truyn dn iu khin cc n cnh bo tng ng sng. My c thit k hin th trng thi s c tn hiu phn pht v hin th mc cng sut pht.

2.3. Phn thu

2.3.1. S khi v ch tiu k thut 2.3.1.1. S khi S khi m t nguyn l hot ng ca phn thu c cho hnh 2.9.

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 2.9 S khi my thu My thu vi ba s RMD-904 c nhim v thu sng mang siu cao iu ch pha pht, gii iu ch tn hiu thu khi phc cc tn hiu lung s liu c iu ch. Tn hiu knh nghip v, knh gim st. My thu c 4 Modul chnh c lp trn mt khung my ring. My thu RMD-904 gm c cc khi chnh: - Modul bin i h tn - Convertor Modul. - Modul trung tn - IF Modul. - Tm mch bng tn c s thu - RxBaseBand. - Tm mch hin th (Rx Display). 2.3.1.2. Ch tiu k thut Ch tiu k k thut phn thu ca thit b vi ba s RMD 904 nh sau:. Gii tn cng tc v tuyn: 820 - 960 MHz. n nh tn s: 15 ppm. Bc nhy tn cng tc: 100 KHz. Mc thu: -100 dBm n -50 dBm. Ngng thu: -90dBm n -50dBm Gi iu ch COSTAS i vi sng mang ch OQPSK. Tn s trung tn: 35MHz SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Tr khng u vo siu cao tn 50 u ni SMA. Tr khng ni cc khi Modul bin i h tn, Modul trung tn, khi bng tn c s thu l 50, u ni SMB. in p vo ngun mt chiu t - 20V n - 60V (DC). Cng sut tiu th: 31W. 2.3.2. Khi bin i h tn Khi ny c hai phn : Mt phn bin i h tn v tuyn v mt b tng hp tn s. S khi ca Modul cho hnh 2.10.

Hnh 2.10 S khi bin i h tng 2.3.2.1. B bin i h tn Tm bin i h tn c hai tng khuych i v tuyn v tng trn ng thi loi tr tn s nh. Cc b khuych i v tuyn c c mch iu khin nh thin. Tng u c thch ng m bo tp m nh (Tng khuych i tp m nh LNA) cn tng th hai c nhim v gim s thay i khuych i trong bng tn. n nh hot ng cc phn t tch cc c nui bi ngun dng n nh. B trn bin i h tn, tn hiu thu vo trung tn 35MHz. B trn m bo loi tr 20dB tn s nh v suy hao bin i 8dB. Vic loi tr tn s nh t c bng chia dao ng ni thnh hai phn ng pha v a n hai b trn cn bng. ng thi cng a n hai b trn ny tn hiu tn s v tuyn c chia i nhng lch pha 90 nh cc mch ghp (thc hin bng mch in). SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip 2.3.2.2. B tng hp tn s Nh b tng hp tn s m ta c th d dng iu chnh tn s thu vi phn gii 100KHz bng cc chuyn mch xoay BCD. B tng hp tn s lm vic trn c s vng kho pha. Cng ging nh b tng hp tn s my pht, cc b chuyn mch xoay BCD iu khin b chia lp trnh chn knh. B dao ng chun l b dao ng thch anh iu khin c v vng cha b chia tc cao k ngh ECL v b chia lp trnh. 2.3.3. Khi khuych i trung tn Nguyn hot ng ca khi trung tn c cho hnh 2.11: Modul trung tn nhn tn hiu trung tn IF = 35 MHz t b bin i h tn lc cng nh to ra tn hiu mc c nh cho cc mch bng tn c s. Modul ny xc nh rng bng tn ca h thng thu, n cha cc mch o mc v tuyn v to ra cc tn hiu cnh bo.

Hnh 2.11 S khi Modul trung tn Khi ny c hai tm mch in: - Tm lc trung tn thu. - Tm khuych i trung tn thu. Tm lc trung tn thu: Tm ny nhn tn hiu u ra ca b bin i h tnv m bo chn lc ca my thu. B lc bao gm hai mng lc LC : mt mng 4 cc v mt mng 3 cc. Gia chng l tng khuych i m. gim tp m tn hiu, u vo c khuych i bi mt tng khuych i bao gm Transistor lng cc v Transistor trng J-FET c cc cng ni t. B khuych i trung tn thu: B khuych i nhn tn hiu vo vi s thay i

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip c th kh ln (-105dBm n -50dBm) u vo my thu v to ra tn hiu ra c s thay i nh hn 2dB. B khuych i trung tn thu cng m bo in p o a ra vi thay i t l vi mc tn hiu trung tn. in p o ny nhn c t mch x l AGC bng b khuych i Logarit. 2.3.4. Khi bng tn c s Chc nng ca khi bng tn c s thu l nhn tn hiu trung tn 35MHz khi phc li tn hiu bng tn c s s (khi phc cc lung s 2048Kb/s c gi i t pha pht) v cc tn hiu knh nghip v, gim st, tone gi bng tn c s ph. Cc lung s tn hiu trung tn c iu ch OQPSK trong kh tn hiu bng tn c s ph c iu tn. khi phc li cc thng tin ni trn tm bng tn c s thu phi thc hin cc chc nng sau: Khi phc sng mang . Giao tip s liu. Khi phc ng h. Gii m ho vi sai v bin i s liu song song thnh ni tip. Kh ngu nhin ho. Phn knh s. Bin i m NRZ vo HDB3. T hi chun: Thng bo v s c khi phc sng mang, khi phc ng h, a s liu AIS vo lung s. Cp ngun. 2.3.4.1. Khi x l bng tn c s chnh Nhn tn hiu trung tn IF 35 MHz gii iu ch OPQSK khi phc lung s liu 2048Kb/s v gii iu ch khi phc tn hiu bng tn c s ph. khi phc cc thng tin ny th thc hin cc chc nng sau: + Khi phc sng mang bng phng php vng COSTAS. + Khi phc s liu I&Q. + Khi phc nh thi k hiu STR (Symbol Timing Recovery) bng vng kho pha. SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip + Gii m ho vi sai v bin i s liu song song thnh ni tip. + Kh ngu nhin ho. + Phn knh s. + Bin i m NRZ vo HDB3. + Chn tn hiu ch th cnh bo AIS. + T hi chun: Thng bo v mt khi phc sng mang, mt khi phc ng h, a s liu AIS vo lung s. Khi phc sng mang. Khi phc sng mang c thc hin bng b gii iu ch vng kho pha COSTAS . Vng kho pha COSTAS l h thng hi tip c s dng to ra sng mang cn thit cho gii ieu ch. S ca b gii iu ch vng kho pha COSTAS cho hnh 2.12. my thu tn hiu trung tn a vo b gii iu ch c trn vi cc pha lch nhau 900 ca sng mang sau khi c khi phc. Cc tn hiu ra cn bng c th hin cc tn hiu iu ch hai trc vung gc (SinWct v CosinWct). B lc cn bng loi tr cc thnh phn khng cn thit sau khi trn. u ra ca hai b trn ny li c ghp vi nhau mt ln na, kt qu nhn c tr vi nhau to ra mt tn hiu duy nht. Thnh phn khng i ca tn hiu ny t l vi sai pha ca sng mang c khi phc so vi trung tn u vo . Kt thc vng COSTAS l b lc vng v VCO 35MHz , ng thi u ra ca b lc vng l sai pha v tn hiu bng tn c s ph.

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 2.12 S khi mch gii iu ch v khi phc sng mang Khi phc tn hiu I & Q. Tn hiu c gi iu ch cc u ra ca hai b lc c a qua b so snh tc cao. y l giao din gia phn mch s v mch tng t trong b gi iu ch. Khi phc nh thi k hiu. Tng u tin ca phn x l s liu l tng khi phc xung ng h t u ra s liu cha c nh thi . iu ny c thc hin trn c s vng kho pha "BangBang". Tn s ca VCO b cng bc cho n khi cc li o pha, khi ny tn s ca VCO li bt u gim theo chiu ngc li. Gii m vi sai v gii ngu nhin ha. Cc lung s c m ho vi sai IC v c kt hp thnh mt lung s chung 4,245Mb/s. Cng cn lu rng m ho vi sai cho php thng tin c truyn i bi s chuyn i gia cc trng thi pha v th khng cn thit pha tuyt i ca sng mang c khi phc. Hai lung d liu sau khi c gii m vi sai v c kt hp lo thnh mt lung 4,245Mb/s sau c gii ngu nhin ho ngc li vi qu trnh ngu nhin ho khi bng tn c s pht Tx BaseBand. u ra ca b gii ngu nhin ho l tn hiu NRZ

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Bin i NRZ vo HDB3: Lung s u ra ca b m n hi c dng RNZ, n c bin i vo m HDB3 nhn c qua bin p cn bng a ti cp ng trc 75 khng cn bng. Chn AIS: Trong trng hp s c phn thu th mt b dao ng 2048KHz iu khin chn vo mi ng h lung s d liu tn hiu AIS. 2.3.4.2. Khi bng tn c s ph. Tn hiu bng tn c s ph thu c tch ra t u vo iu khin b dao ng VCO ca b dao ng khi phc sng mang, c a qua b lc thng thp 5KHz trong gm tn hiu knh nghip v, tn hiu knh gim st, tn hiu tone gi. Qua b lc thng thp 2,7KHz thu nhn c tn hiu knh gim st. Qua b lc thng thp 2,2KHz khi phc tn hiu knh nghip v. Qua b lc 2KHz ti b pht hin tone kch hot Rle. Cc u ra tn hiu tng t tn thp gm: - Hai u ra knh gim st. - u ra knh nghip v. - u ra tai nghe.

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip CHNG III: H THNG SDH DMR3000S 3.1 Gii thiu h thng 3.1.1 Tng qut H thng SDH DRM3000s c thit k truyn dn ng di mun chuyn ti ng b cp 1 (STM1). Dung lng truyn dn l 155,52 Mb/s v h thng hot ng cc bng tn 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 11 v 13 GHz, s dng phng php iu ch 64-QAM hoc 128-QAM. Ti h thng ca phng thc hnh Viba s c hot ng na cao ca bng tn 6GHz v s dng phng php iu ch 64QAM d phng kp. 3.1.2 Mt s c tnh k thut c bn SDH DMR300s ti phng thc hnh 3.2 Cu hnh h thng H thng SDH DMR3000S bao gm khi thu-pht (TRP) v khi iu chgii iu ch (MDP). Cc chc nng khai thc, qun l, bo dng, ci t (OAM&P) v in thoi nghip v cng c a vo khi MDP. 3.2.1 S khi chung trm u cui v trm lp Cu hnh h thng Loi thit b 3000S SDH MICROWAVE RADIO BR-[*]G-3000 TRP-[*]G150MB[*]-900[] MDP-150MB[*]T/R-900C Tn thit b

Mch phn nhnh RF My thu-pht B iu ch-gii iu ch

Ghi ch: * ph thuc vo bng tn hoc h thng iu ch

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip S mt trc ca thit b viba s SDH DRM300 BR-[*]G-900[*] BR CKT/DUP CKT TRP-150MB[*] Transmitter-Receiver EQL BOARD PIO INTFC (NFB BOARD) IDB INTFC MDP1-1150MB[*]-900[*] MDP1-1150MB[*]-900[*] (OPTION RACK) Bng mch cn bng Giao din vo ra song song Bng cu dao Giao din phn phi trung gian My thu pht Mch phn nhnh, song cng

B iu ch/gii iu ch 1 B iu ch/gii iu ch 2 Option rack

Hnh 3.1 S mt trc ca thit b vi ba s SDH DMR3000s 3.2.2. S cu hnh thit b ca h thng 3+1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 3.2 Cu hnh chi tit thit b h thng 3+1 S khi cu hnh h thng v phn b trong phng th thc hnh ca hc vin nh hnh 3.3 bao gm mt my pht (Terminal-1), mt my thu (Terminal- 2) v mt trm lp (Repeater) 1. H thng cnh bo: Norm (Xanh): n sng khi h thng hot ng binh thng PM (): Cnh bo khn, yu cu khc phc s c ngay DM (): Cnh bo khng khn, yu cu khc phc s c trnh cc li nghim trng hn MIANT (Vng): Cnh bo ang c hot ng bo dng hay x l nhn cng 2. Mch phn nhnh v khi song cng Mch phn nhnh vi b ghp song cng s dng trong cc h thng d phng nng, d phng kp, v d phng N+1. hot ng trong cc bng tn 4,5,6 hoc 7Ghz,

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip mt b lc gii hn bng (BEF) c u ni vi knh RF thch hp v ni tip vi mi b lc thng bng (BPF) trong my pht (TX), my thu (RX) v cc ng phn tp khng gian (SD). SDH DRM3000s s dng h thng kp (Twinpath), ging cu hnh mt h thng N+1 (vi N=1) 3. Khi thu pht TRP Th hin chc nng thu pht. Gm c 4 modul, 3 modul s dng v mt cho d phng. Bn my thu c thm phn thu phn tp (SD) khng gian m my pht v trm lp khng c. 4. Bng mch cn bng : Thc hin chc nng cn bng 5. Khi giao din vo ra v cu giao ngun : Khi giao din vo ra (PIO INTFC) song song v Bng cu giao ngun (cu ch) 6. Giao din phn phi tn hiu trung gian: u ni cc modul vi nhau 7. Khi iu ch v gii iu ch 1: Gm c 5 Modul (hnh v 3.2), 1 Modul IRC thc hin chc nng iu khin v tuyn thng minh. 3 Modul MDP dng cho iu ch v gii iu ch v 1 Modul cn li dng cho d phng. 8. Khi iu ch v gii iu ch 2: Gm c 3 khi con: Khi con 1 gm:1 Modul IRC gm 2Card mt lm vic v mt d phng. Khi con 2: Khi MDP gm 3modul lm vic v mt d phng Khi con 3: Khi MDP thc hin vic chuyn i ngun

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip

Hnh 3.3 S cu hnh h thng SDH DMR3000s ti phng thc hnh AMD ATT BR-CKT DIST FET AMP HYP INTFC LCT LMS Add Drop Mutiplex Attenuator Braching crcuit Distributor FET Amplifier Hybrid Interface Local Craft Terminal Local Monitoring System MODEM RX-IF RX-RF SD STM TR-X TX-SW TX-RF Modulator and Demodulator Receiver intermediate Frequency Receiver Radio Frequency Space Diversity Synchronous Tranpost Module Transmitter Receiver Transmitter Switching Transmitter Radio Frequency

3.3 M t hot ng 3.3.1 Phn pht Tch tn hiu ra 2 ng qua khi chuyn mch lng cc 150Mb/s Tn hiu bng gc n t thit b ghp knh bn ngoi c dn ti modul chuyn mch, modul chuyn mch (UNIT SW) cha mt mch lai ghp ng truyn dn v tch i tn hiu vo, sau dn ti 2 modul giao din 150Mb/s. Mt lung tn hiu c a ti modul TR DIST, lung cn li c a ti Modem. Chuyn mch pht

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Chuyn mch pht ca modul TR DIST thc hin chuyn mch tn hiu pht t bt c knh lm vic no n knh bo v trong cu hnh h thng N+1. Chuyn mch c iu khin t modul SWO PRO, h thng d phng nng (hot stanby) hoc d phng kp (Twinpath) chuyn mch pht c c nh bi tn hiu iu khin t modul HS/SWO CTRL v tn hiu ca knh bo v t u ra ca 150Mb/s INTFC c gi ti knh bo v u vo ca my pht qua chuyn mch pht mi thi im khng thc hin chuyn mch, nh vy tn hiu ca knh lm vic s khng c gi trn knh bo v. Khi tn hiu truy cp bo v c cung vp trong h thng , chuyn mch pht la chn tn hiu truy cp bo v t thit b kt hp bn ngoi khi mi knh lm vic hot ng bnh thng. iu ch Tn hiu s liu t modul TR DIST v modul giao din ca knh hot ng v bo v c a ti mch la chn SEL. Mt trong s cc tn hiu c la chn qua mch la chn v dn ti mch chn RSOH chn cc byte RSOH vo ng v tr trong khung SOH mt MST. Sau tn hiu c bin i tc v chia thnh 6 hoc 7 mc c tc ph hp cho 64QAM, cc khe thi gian chn cc bt mo u b sung khung v tuyn (RFCOH) c to ra sau khi tn hiu c ngu nhin ha. Mch iu ch m nhiu mc (MLCM) cung cp mt phng php sa li thun, M R-S cng c cung cp ty chn trong mch trang b mt m cht lng cao trong h thng 64QAM. Mch iu ch QAM cung cp qu trnh iu ch bin cu phng 64 mc hoc 128 mc. B lc gii hn (Roll-off) c cung cp gii hn rng bng tn ca tn hiu bng gc. Tn hiu t b lc gii hn c dn ti b bin i D/A Conv, ti y mi trn thi logic ca lung s c kt hp v bin i thnh 8 (hoc 12) mc in p khc nhau cho knh ng pha v knh vung gc. C tn hiu ng pha v pha vung gc c dn ti hai b iu ch QAM v iu ch tn hiu sng mang c lch pha l /2. Cc tn hiu u ra ca mch iu ch c kt hp bng mch lai ghp lch pha /2. SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip Bin i tn s IF thnh RF Tn hiu IF t modem c dn ti b khuch i trung tn qua b cn bng, trong b khuch i trung tn tn hiu trung tn c khuch i ti mt mc danh nh, sau khi c khuch i n c trn vi tn hiu cao tn ni to ra tn hiu cao tn pht trong knh tn n nh. Khuch i cng sut Tn hiu RF c khuch i bi modul khuch i s dng Tranzito hiu ng trng (FET AMP). Mc u ra ca modul FET AMP c iu chnh t ng ti mc danh nh trong di t -12dB n +2dB d mc RF thu ti my thu i din gi khng i theo h thng ATPC va ALC. 3.3.2 Phn thu Ti phn thu tn hiu c bin i ngc li so vi phn pht. Ban u tn hiu tn s v tuyn c bn i v tn s trung tn (RF - IF). Bn thu c thm phn bin i tn s RF xung IF phn phn tp khng gian Rx SD. Tip tn hiu c gii iu ch trong modul MODEM, tn hiu sau khi tch sng c cn bng nh b cn bng vng thi gian thch ng, sau tn hiu c pht hin v sa li. Modun TR DIST phn pht tn hiu thu t knh bo v ti mi knh lm vic. Khi tn hiu truy nhp bo v cung cp trong h thng, tn hiu thu t knh bo v c gi ti thit b kt hp bn ngoi khi mi knh lm vic u hot ng bnh thng. Cui cng l khi phc tn hiu C-4 v STM-1 ri a qua khi chuyn mch 150M M la chn tn hiu lng cc.

KT LUN Qua thi gian thc tp thc t c tm hiu v cc thit b Vin thng ti phng my ca b mn V tuyn em thy c s pht trin nhanh chng ca nc ta trong lnh vc Bu chnh Vin thng. c bit l mng li Vin thng Quc t l n v lun SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1
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Bo co thc tp tt nghip i u trong lnh vc vin thng c th bt kp s pht trin khng ngng ca mng li vin thng th gii. Mng li Vin thng v ang m rng trn khp c nc vi nhiu nhng dch v tin ch v trang thit b hin i. N p ng c nhng nhu cu ca khch hng trong vic s dng dch v Vin thng. Trong tng lai y vn s l ngnh mi nhn i u trong c nc. Trong nhng nm hc trong Hc vin em c hc nhiu mn c s v chuyn ngnh v cc bui thc hnh. Thi gian thc tp va qua em c hng dn tm hiu cc thit b, h thng thc t, c p dng nhng kin thc c hc vo thc t, v y cng l c hi em tnh ly nhng kinh nghim v thc t cho bn thn sau ny. Mc d c gng, nhng do kin thc cn hn ch nn bo co thc tp khng trnh khi nhng thiu st. Em xin chn thnh cm n thy c hng dn thc tp tn tnh hng dn, gip em trong thi gian hc tp cng nh trong thi gian thc tp va qua. Sinh vin thc hin L Trng Nam

SVTH: L Trng Nam_Lp H10VT1

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