CHAPTER 1:

Introduction:

Introduction

Introduction:
Cell phones are everywhere these days. According to the Cellular Telecommunications and Internet Association, almost 137 million people in the India had cell-phone service in June 2013. And cell phones are even more ubiquitous in United States and Europe. It's great to be able to call anyone at any time. Unfortunately, restaurants, movie theaters, concerts, shopping malls and churches all suffer from the spread of cell phones because not all cell-phone users know when to stop talking. Who hasn't seethed through one side of a conversation about an incredibly personal situation as the talker shares intimate details with his friend as well as everyone else in the area? While most of us just grumble and move on, some people are actually going to extremes to retaliate. Cell phones are basically handheld two-way radios. And like any radio, the signal can be disrupted, or jammed. Cell phone jammers are devices that create a temporary "dead zone" to all cell phone traffic in their immediate proximity. Basically, Jammer is a device used in radar jamming and deception and Communications System Jamming, a technique in electronic warfare to inhibit or halt the transmission of signals.

Introduction

Inside a Digital Cell Phone: If you take a basic digital cell phone apart, you find that it contains just a few individual parts: An amazing circuit board containing the brains of the phone An antenna A liquid crystal display (LCD) A keyboard (not unlike the one you find in a TV remote control) A microphone A speaker A battery

The circuit board is the heart of the system.

Introduction

Here is one from a typical Nokia digital phone:

In the photos above, you see several computer chips. The analog-to-digital and digital-to analog conversion chips translate the outgoing audio signal from analog to digital and the incoming signal from digital back to analog. The microprocessor handles all of the housekeeping chores for the keyboard and display, deals with command and control signaling with the base station and also coordinates the rest of the functions on the board. The ROM and Flash memory chips provide storage for the phones operating system and customizable features, such as the phone directory. The radio frequency (RF) and power section handles power management and recharging, and also deals with the hundreds of FM channels. Finally, the RF amplifiers handle signals traveling to and from the antenna. The display has grown considerably in size as the number of features in cell phones has increased. Most current phones offer built-in phone directories, calculators and games. And many of the phones incorporate some type of PDA or Web browser.

CHAPTER 2:
Jamming Basics:

Jamming Basics

JAMMING BASICS:
Disrupting a cell phone is the same as jamming any other type of radio communication. A cell phone works by communicating with its service network through a cell tower or base station. Cell towers divide a city into small areas, or cells. As a cell-phone user drives down the street, the signal is handed from tower to tower. A jamming device transmits on the same radio frequencies as the cell phone, disrupting the communication between the phone and the cell-phone base station in the tower. Cell Phone Jammer is an instrument to prevent cellular phone from receiving and transmitting the mobile signals to the base station. Mobile Cell Phone Jammer can block all kinds of mobile phones ringing sound at all places such as church, mosque, library, Movie Theater and meeting room. You just buy it and just attach it at some place. And you will never hear the bell sound of mobile phone any more. Its a called a denial-of-service attack. The jammer denies service of the radio spectrum to the cell-phone users within range of the jamming device.

Jamming Basics

Cell Phone Jammer Schematics:

Inside a Cell-phone Jammer: Electronically speaking, cell-phone jammers are very basic devices. The simplest just have an on/off switch and a light that indicates its on. More complex devices have switches to activate jamming at different frequencies. Components of a jammer include: 1. Antenna: Every jamming device has an antenna to send the signal. Some are contained within an electrical cabinet. On stronger devices, antennas are external to provide longer range and may be tuned for individual frequencies. 2. Circuitry: The main electronic components of a jammer are: Voltage-controlled oscillator - Generates the radio signal that will interfere with the cell phone signal Tuning circuit - Controls the frequency at which the jammer broadcasts its signal by sending a particular voltage to the oscillator Noise generator - Produces random electronic output in a specified frequency range to jam the cell-phone network signal (part of the tuning circuit) RF amplification (gain stage) Boosts the power of the radio frequency output to high enough levels to jam a signal 3. Power supply: Smaller jamming devices are battery operated. Some look like cell phone and use cell-phone batteries. Stronger devices can be plugged into a standard outlet or wired into a vehicles electrical system.

Using a Jammer

USING A JAMMER:
Because jammers now come in much smaller sizes, they are very easy to carry around. Portable personal jammers will fit into the palm of your hand or easily slip into your coat pocket. So the next time someone on your commuter bus refuses to shut up, you can just reach into your backpack and turn on a temporary dead zone with your jammer. Then get back to some nice peace and quiet. However its illegal to use jammer in most of the countries Some cell phones jammers are made to look like actual phones. Others are briefcase sized or larger.

How to Create Your Own Signal Jammer: Signal jammer uses 800MHz frequency to operate because many cell phones are working on the same frequency. So we can use VCO as sweeping oscillator. It is really efficient yet may be difficult to use without some semi-professional RF-testing tools. The clock oscillator (45MHz) is driving a local oscillator port as noise source and is located on the mixer of the mini circuit. To equate the impedance of a clock oscillator with the mixer there is an impedance matching network. Local oscillator signal goes through this network and impedance is matched. The 800MHz antenna from the old cell phone is connected to the RF input (mixer port). The RF output then goes to the amplifier located on the mini circuit. The amplifier will increase produced output by 15-16dbm of pure power. The empowered signal is going to another old phone antenna. GSM800 cell phones have their frequencies separated by 45MHz exactly. So when any cell phone tries to make a call - it becomes blocked by itself! The phone talker will hear its own voice. You can also keep in mind that this cell phone signal jammer can block all cell-based trackers which use your car GPS to track you down and record the data. Even IEDs are probably could be jammed, at least those ones controlled by cell signals

Using a Jammer

600MHz mixer is used as it works nice due to some electronic interference. The amplifier is really a must for this device even considering its power consumption. The case is made from aluminum box for better heat loss. UHF connectors were attached to the mini circuit because they are perfect for antennas to fasten. Voltage regulator is required for the nine volts battery to convert voltage. The battery located inside and separated from other details using foamed plastic. Do not forget to place the power switch (it may seem obvious yet it is easy to forget). The antennas from old Motorola or from any other cell phone can be used.

Using a Jammer

How It Works: Jamming devices overpower the cell phone by transmitting a signal on the same frequency and at a high enough power that the two signals collide and cancel each other out. Cell phones are designed to add power if they experience low-level interference, so the jammer must recognize and match the power increase from the phone. Cell phones are full-duplex devices i.e. they use two separate frequencies, one for talking and one for listening simultaneously. Some jammers block only one of the frequencies used by cell phones, which has the effect of blocking both. The phone is tricked into thinking there is no service because it can receive only one of the frequencies. Less complex devices block only one group of frequencies, while sophisticated jammers can block several types of networks at once to head off dual-mode or tri-mode phones that automatically switch among different network types to find an open signal. Some of the high end devices block all frequencies at once, and others can be tuned to specific frequencies. To jam a cell phone, all you need is a device that broadcasts on the correct frequencies. Although different cellular systems process signals differently, all cell-phone networks use radio signals that can be interrupted. GSM, used in digital cellular and PCS-based systems operates in the 900-MHz and 1800-MHz bands in Europe and Asia and in the 1900-MHz (Sometimes referred to as 1.9-GHz) band in the United States. Jammers can broadcast on any frequency and are effective against AMPS, CDMA, TDMA, GSM, PCS, DCS, iDEN and Nextel systems. Old-fashioned analog cell phones and todays digital devices are equally susceptible to jamming.

Range and Frequency: The actual range of the jammer depends on its power and the local environment, which may include hills or walls of a building that block the jamming signal. Low-powered jammers block calls in a range of about 30 feet (9 m). Higher-powered units create a cell-free zone as large as a football field. Units used by law enforcement can shut down service up to 1 mile (1.6 km) from the device. Most jammers only have a range of about 50 to 80 feet and will only effectively jam your immediate surroundings. Mobile blabbermouths will just think theyve hit a dead spot in their cell phone companys coverage until they leave your jammers immediate vicinity. Stronger jammers are available to cover larger structures like office buildings, movie theaters and churches. They look like a miscellaneous metal boxes with wires sticking out and are usually mounted on walls or ceilings. Most cell phone jammers come in two versions, one for Europe, North Africa and the Gulf states GSM networks (900 & 1800) and one for the Americas & Canada (800 & 1900 MHz) networks.

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Using a Jammer Alternatives to Jamming: While the law prohibits using a device to actively disrupt a cell-phone signal, there are no rules against passive cell-phone blocking. That means using things like wallpaper or building materials embedded with metal fragments to prevent cell-phone signals from reaching inside or outside the room. Some buildings have designs that block radio signals by accident due to thick concrete walls or a steel skeleton. Companies are working on devices that control a cell phone but do not jam the signal. One device sends incoming calls to voicemail and blocks outgoing calls. The argument is that the phone still works, so it is technically not being jammed. It is a legal gray area. Cell-phone alerts are available that indicate the presence of a cell-phone signal. These have been used in hospitals where cell-phone signals could interfere with sensitive medical equipment. When a signal is detected, users are asked to turn off their phones. For those die hard jammers out there who dont want to give out a continuous jamming signal that attracts the FCC, you can link a cell phone jammer with a cell phone detector. This way the jammer(s) only activate when they detect a cell phone signal. You can also connect this system to an alarm if you want to be alerted the next time someone is snooping at your weekly Dungeons & Dragons meeting. Analysis: Cell phone jammers are devices that create a temporary dead zone to all cell phone traffic in their immediate proximity. Jammers are typically used by the police and military to control or disrupt communication during hostage situations and bomb threats. Traditionally, jammers were large antennas mounted on trailers that had to be pulled behind a truck. They now come in a variety of shapes and sizes including models that are about the size of a cell phone. A jamming device transmits on the same radio frequencies as the cell phone, disrupting the communication between the phone and the cell-phone base station in the tower. Jamming devices overpower the cell phone by transmitting a signal on the same frequency and at a high enough power that the two signals collide and cancel each other out. Cell-phone jammers can be used in areas where radio transmissions are dangerous, (areas with a potentially explosive atmosphere), such as chemical storage facilities or grain elevators. The TRJ-89 jammer from Antenna System & Supplies Inc. carries its own electrical generator and can block cellular communications in a 5- mile (8-km) radius. The military routinely uses jammers to protect secure military areas from electronic surveillance. The FCC (Federal Communications Commission) in the United States has outlawed the sale and use of jammers because they can in theory interfere with emergency communications between police and rescue personnel, aid in criminal activity as well as disrupts medical equipment like pacemakers.

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CHAPTER 3:
Applications:

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Applications

Applications:
To maintain the complete silence in library and lecture hall To avoid fraud in examination hall To avoid disturbance in class room For providing security in business conference, board of directors rooms, seminars, etc., For providing calm and peaceful atmosphere in Hospitals Church/Mosques/Cathedral/Temple/Religious establishment

Where Are Cell-phone Jammers Used? Cell phone jamming devices were originally developed for law enforcement and the military to interrupt communications by criminals and terrorists. The bombs that blew up commuter trains in Spain in March 2004, as well as blasts in Bali in October 2002 and Jakarta in August 2003, all relied on cell phones to trigger explosives. It has been widely reported that a cell-phone jammer thwarted an assassination attempt on Pakistani President Musharraf in December 2003. During a hostage situation, police can control when and where a captor can make a phone call. Police can block phone calls during a drug raid so suspects cant communicate outside the area. Cell-phone jammers can be used in areas where radio transmissions are dangerous, (areas with a potentially explosive atmosphere), such as chemical storage facilities or grain elevators. The TRJ-89 jammer from Antenna System & Supplies Inc. carries its own electrical generator and can block cellular communications in a 5-mile (8-km) radius. Corporations use jammers to stop corporate espionage by blocking voice transmissions and photo transmissions from camera phones. On the more questionable end of the legitimacy spectrum, there are rumors that hotel chains install jammers to block guests cell-phone usage and force them to use in-room phones at high rate.

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CHAPTER 4:
Conclusion:

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Conclusion

Conclusion:
Every technology has good aspect as well as bad aspect the important thing is, how we are using it. Cell phone jammers are very useful to the society from the anti-social elements. We can save our national leaders. We can restrict the communication network between the anti-social elements by using the cell phone jammers. Cell phone jammers prevent the students from carrying cell phones to the colleges. As everything goes fine, it is very necessary to implement in all the colleges

Future scope of Jamming Technology:

While the law clearly prohibits using a device to actively disrupt a cell-phone signal, there are no rules against passive cell-phone blocking. Companies are working on devices that control a cell phone but do not "jam the signal

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CHAPTER 5:
References:

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References

REFERENCES:
en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mobile_phone_jammer

www.HowStuffWork.com/

www.wikihow.com/

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