New Media Landscape Jobs Historical Model o Stage 1: Computer Revolution Computer Revolution- vast increases in human productivity,

y, roughly 1980-1994 Jobs Model- three step developmental model for stages of a new media-centric lifestyle Computer Revolution, Internet Revolution, Digital Lifestyle Information Revolution- an overarching term for post-1980 fundamental changes triggered by digital technology o Stage 2: Internet Revolution 1994-2000: connect with people from all over Internet Revolution- Near-universal, low-cost, accessible and virtually instant communication, albeit mostly text; roughly 1994-2000 o Stage 3: Digital Lifestyle Digital Lifestyle- personal and hand-held computers become a centerpiece of outgoing and incoming communication; roughly 2000 on Portals o Walled Gardens Walled garden- early business model for online portals with access limited mostly to proprietary content America Online- once-dominant internet service (AOL) Steve Case- built AOL into media giant with walled-garden model Sent out millions of CDs that gave easy access to AOL and gained 30 million subscribers Non subscribers werent allowed inside the garden walls Browsers- software to navigate the internet to countless web sites o Browsers Marc Andreessen- software wunderkind who designed pioneer browser Netscape Invented the browser while trying to connect disparate computer operating systems with the internet and each other. Silicon Valley- area near San Francisco noted for computing and electronics industries Netscape- first of browsers The web is for everyone Search Engines o Google 1 to the power of 1 followed by 100 zeroes

o Yahoo Yet Another Hierarchical Officious Oracle Yahoo- a major search engine and internet services company Came before Google Created by David Filo and Jerry Yang in 1994 Dot-com bust- economic collapse of most investments in internet commerce in 2000 Hurt Yahoo but they survived Messaging o E-Mail E-mail- a system for computer users to exchange messages through a network (electronic mail) ARPAnet- Advanced Research Projects Agency Network: military network that preceded internet 1969 US military created a computer network built for military contractors to exchange information. 1983 National Science Foundation took over Spams- email message sent indiscriminately to large numbers of recipients o Texting Texting- brief typed message over internet between portable devices User-Generated Sites o Blogs Blogs- (web log) a journal-like web site with continuing narrative, generally personal in nature, on a narrow subject User-generated content- internet messages that originate with an individual to communicate directly with a mass audience o Social Networking Facebook- social networking service Invented in 2003 by Mark Zuckerberg Myspace- social entertainment networking service

Search engines-tool to identify and rank websites by key terms Crawlers- computer program that scours the web to create an index of sites Google- dominant search engine Sergey Brin, Larry Page- creators of Google 1996 they developed an idea to improve internet searches Because Google was free it made walled gardens even less popular. 99% of revenue from advertising Android- google operating system for smartphones

Flickr- image and video hosting website Youtube- video-sharing website o Twitter Twitter- platform for 140 or fewer character communications among computer and cell phone users Passed links- references to web sources shared among computer users Online Commerce o Sales Sites Domain name- an identification label for a web site each with a suffix like .com, .org, .gov Corporation for Assigned Names and Numbers- Internets chief oversight agency o Auction Sites eBay- pioneer online auction site Pierre Omidyar- creator of eBay online auction site o Mail Order Amazon.com- electronic commerce company that upended traditional book retailing Jeff Bezos- created Amazon online site, originally for selling books o Product Downloads iTunes Store- online digital media for consumer downloads, originally music Kindle- Amazon e-book to which books and periodicals can be downloaded Online Domination o Amassing Target Audiences Targeted marketing- matching advertisers with potential customers with relative precision o Behavioral Targeting Like button- a thumbs-up Facebook widget to identify cohorts of potential customers Behavioral targeting- using personal information and patterns in activities to match advertisements with potential customers