Kha hc LTH KI T-1: Mn Ting Anh (C V Mai Phng) Mnh quan h v cch kt hp cu c cng ch ng

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12

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A. VAI TR CA I T QUAN H
Ex: a. The man/who is standing at the door / is my teacher.
b. My son is the boy/ whom you see at the desk.
+ Cu (a) c hai mnh :
- The man is my teacher.
- who is standing at the door.
Theo nguyn tc chung, mi t trong cu ch c th gi mt chc nng. The man lm ch ng cho
ng t is mnh chnh th khng th lm ch ng cho ng t is mnh chnh th khng th
lm ch ng cho ng t is standing mnh ph na. Phi dng i t quan h who thay th
cho the man lm ch ng cho is standing.

B. MNH T NH NG (ADJ ECTI VE CLAUSE)
Xt t hai th d trn, ta thy nhng mnh ph bt u bng i t quan h c tnh cht nh nhng tnh
ng b ngha (xc nh, lm r) cho danh t (hoc i t) ng trc n. l loi mnh tnh ng.

1. I T QUAN H XC NH (Defining Relative Pronouns)

Ch ng
(subject)
Tn ng
(Object)
S hu
(possessive)
Thay cho ngi
Who
That
Whom
That
Whose
Thay cho vy Which Which
of which,
whose

a. Thay cho ngi
+ Lm ch ng : (who, that)
Ex: That boy who sits next to me is very clever.
(that)
I dont like the men who dont speak the truth.
(that)
Ch : Ngi ta thng dng who hn that (xem thm di, mc 3 trong nhng trng hp dng
that)
+ Lm tn ng: (whom, that)
Ex: The doctor whom she visited is my brother.
(that)

MNH QUAN H V CCH KT HP CU C CNG CH NG
(TI LI U BI GING)
Gio vin: V MAI PHNG
y l ti liu tm lc cc kin thc i km vi bi ging Mnh quan h v cch kt hp cu c cng ch
ng thuc kha hc LTH KIT-1: Mn Ting Anh (C V Mai Phng) ti website Hocmai.vn, c th nm
vng kin thc lin quan n Mnh quan h v cch kt hp cu c cng ch ng, Bn cn kt hp xem ti
liu cng vi bi ging ny.
Kha hc LTH KI T-1: Mn Ting Anh (C V Mai Phng) Mnh quan h v cch kt hp cu c cng ch ng

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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The man whom you are speaking to is my teacher.
(that)
Ch : Ngi ta c th dng Whom hay that. Nhng trong vn ni, ngi ta cng dng Who.
Ex: The man who you are speaking to is my teacher.
Ngi ta cng c th n i t quan h.
Ex: The doctor she visited is my brother.
The man you are speaking to is my teacher.
(xem mc Khi no c th n c i t quan h xc nh)
+ Ch s hu: (whose)
Ex: Mr. X is the barber whose shop is opposite my house.

b. Thay cho vt:
+ Lm ch ng (which, that)
Ex: The pencil which is lying on the desk is mine
(that)
You can see the plane which is flying over our head.
(that)
Ch : Ngi ta thng dng which hn that. (xem thm mc Nhng trng hp ch dng that)
+ Lm tn ng (which, that)
The flowers which I cut this morning are still fresh.
(that)
The picture which you are talking about is very beautiful.
(that)
Ch : Ngi ta thng dng which hn that. (xem thm mc Nhng trng hp ch dng that) hoc
ngi ta c th n c:
Ex: The flowers I cut this morning are still fresh.
The picture you are talking about is very beautiful.
i t quan h xc nh ch ng khng th n c. Ch c th n trng hp n lm tn ng.
Trng hp tn ng trc tip (direct object)
Ex: The man (whom) you see at the door is my friend.
(that)
The flowers (which) I cut this morning are still fresh.
(that)

2. NHNG TRNG HP THNG CH DNG THAT
Nh trn ch thch ngi ta thng dng who, whom, which hn that, tuy nhin trong mt s trng
hp ngi ta thng dng that nhiu hn nh:
- Sau mt tnh t dng so snh tuyt i (superlative).
- Sau all, any, only, it is
- Khi t ng trc bao gm c ngi ln vt.
Ex: He is the most courageous man that ever lived.
All the people (that) I have met disliked him.
Any paper (that) you read will give you the same story.
It is the teacher that decides what you read.
He is the only boy that can answer all the questions in the test.
Kha hc LTH KI T-1: Mn Ting Anh (C V Mai Phng) Mnh quan h v cch kt hp cu c cng ch ng

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in vo ch trng bng i t quan h xc nh thch hp.
1. A child lives at school is a boarder.
2. The magazine you lent me yesterday is very interesting.
3. The letter I received yesterday had no stamp on it.
4. Whats the name of the boy came here yesterday?
5. The butcher shop is opposite my house always sells good meat.
6. Do you know the man lives opposite my house?
7. I gave him all the stamps I had.
8. Show me the picture of you are talking about.
9. Is the street leads to your school very wide?
10. The boy is sitting next to me is not very clever.
11. Any man listens to you is a fool.
12. He is the most intelligent boy I have ever met.
13. He is a man word you can rely on.
14. He is the boy father came to see you yesterday.

n i t quan h xc nh trong trng hp c th c (nu cn c th chuyn v tr ca gii t)
1. The concert to which we listened came from England.
2. The old man who lives next door is a famous doctor.
3. He is the only man that can solve this problem.
4. The people whom you lived with in Hai Phong are coming to see you.
5. I know the boy whom you are talking about.
6. The pen which I lost was a good one.
7. The boy who threw that stone will be punished.
8. Where is the shop which sells picture-postcards?
9. Did you give him all the books that you had?
10. The knife which we use to cut the bread is very sharp.
11. The glass out of which you are drinking hasnt been washed.

3. I T QUAN H KHNG XC NH (Non-defining Relative Pronouns)
i t quan h khng xc nh gii thiu mt mnh tnh ng khng c nhim v xc nh r danh t
(hoc i t) m n hp vi. Danh t t n xc nh ri. Mnh tnh ng ny ch c gi tr thm ,
v c gi l mnh tnh ng khng xc nh. Nhng i t quan h khng xc nh l:
Ch ng Tn ng S hu
Thay cho
ngi
Who Whom Whose
Thay cho vt Which Which of which, whose
Ghi nh:
1. Khng dng that.
2. Trong bt c trng hp no cng khng n c.
3. Mnh tnh ng khng xc nh bao gi cng t gia hai du phy (,)
Ex:
a) Thay cho ngi.
+ Lm ch ng: Who
Marie Curie, who discovered radium, is one of the greatest women of our age.
Kha hc LTH KI T-1: Mn Ting Anh (C V Mai Phng) Mnh quan h v cch kt hp cu c cng ch ng

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+ Lm tn ng: Whom
My brother Nam, whom you saw yesterday, wants to speak to you.
Beethoven, whom you are speaking about, was one of the worlds finest composers.
(or: Beethoven, about whom you are speaking, was one of the worlds finest composer).
Ch : V tr ca gii t about cu th d th 2.
+ Ch s hu: Whose
Chopin, whose works are world-famous, was born in Poland.

b. Thay cho vt:
+ Lm ch ng: Which
Budapest, which is on the Danube, is a beautiful city.
Swimming, which is a good sport, make us strong.
+ Lm tn ng: Which
Air, which we breathe, is made up of many gases.
Geometry, which he knows nothing about, seems a very dull subject for him.
or: Geometry, about which he knows nothing, seems a very dull subject for him.

in i t quan h vo cc cu sau:
1. Oxford University is one of the oldest in the world has many different colleges.
2. Smoking is a bad habit is nevertheless popular.
3. Hamlet you are going to see tomorrow was written by Shakespeare.
4. The man you spoke to in the street is my eldest brother.
5. His book is the best has ever been written on that subject.
6. He is one of the men I feel I can trust.
7. Can you remember the man you took it from?
8. The knife we use to cut the pencil is very dull.
9. Fear is an evil may lead to sin.
10. The science of medicine inprogress has been very rapid lately is perhaps the most important of all
science.
11. Mozart music you have just been listening to was one of the worlds finest composers.
12. My uncle Nam in I have great confidence says I will pass my examination if I work hard.
13. What is the name of the girl came here last night?
14. His stepmother he is living with is not very kind to him.

4. MT S IM CN LU
a. Mnh tnh ng c th bt u bng: Where, when, why (gi l ph t quan h)
+ When: in/on which.
Dng thay cho danh t ch thi gian.
Ex: I remember the day when we first met (mnh xc nh).
We will put off the picnic until the next week, when the weather may be better (mnh khng xc nh).
+ Where: in/at which.
Dng thay cho danh t ch ni chn.
Ex: This is the house where he lived with his parents in his childhood (mnh xc nh).
They went to Ba Dinh square, where they would attend a big meeting (mnh khng xc nh).

Kha hc LTH KI T-1: Mn Ting Anh (C V Mai Phng) Mnh quan h v cch kt hp cu c cng ch ng

Hocmai.vn Ngi trng chung ca hc tr Vit Tng i t vn: 1900 58-58-12
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+ Why: for which.
Dng thay cho dnh t ch nguyn nhn, l do.
Ex: I know the reason why he was so angry.
The reason why he came is not very convincing.
b.What cng c trng hp dng lm i t quan h.
N c c im l khng thay cho mt danh t hay i t no ng trc n, v do tng ng vi:
- the thing that (ci m iu m)
- the things that (nhng ci m nhng iu m)
Ex: Tell me what you want to know.
When she sees what you have done, she will be furious

Gio vin: V Th Mai Phng
Ngun : Hocmai.vn