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Code No: E310

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II B.Tech.(CCC) Supplimentary Examinations, December 2008 FLUID MECHANICS AND HYDRAULIC MACHINERY (Civil Engineering) Time: 3 hours Max Marks: 100 Answer any FIVE Questions All Questions carry equal marks

1. (a) Explain the following terms: i. Force of buoyancy and center of buoyancy. ii. Metacentre and metacentric height. iii. Stable, unstable and neutral equilibrium.

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(b) A solid cylinder of diameter 4.0 m has a height of 3 meters. Find the metacentric height of the cylinder when it is oating in water with its axis vertical. The specic gravity of the cylinder is 0.6. [10] 2. (a) Dene and distinguish between i. Steady and unsteady ow, ii. Uniform and non uniform ow, iii. Rotational and irrotational ow.

(b) Dene and distinguish between streamline, path line and streak line.

3. (a) What do you mean by most economical section of a channel. What are the conditions for the rectangular channel of the best section? [10] (b) Derive the Chezys formula for nding discharge through openchannel.

4. Using Buckingham -theorem, show that the velocity through a circular orice is D , V , where H is the head causing ow, D is the diameter given by V= 2gH H H of the orice, is co-ecient of viscosity, is the mass density and g is the acceleration due to gravity. [20] 5. (a) What do you mean by boundary layer separation? What is the eect of pressure gradient on boundary layer separation? [10] (b) What do you understand by total drag on a body, resultant force on a body, co-ecient of drag and co-ecient of lift. [10] 6. Show that the eciency of a free jet striking normally as series of at plated mounted on the periphery of a wheel never exceeds 50% . [20] 7. A double jet Pelton wheel is required to generate 7500 K.W. when the available head at the base of the nozzle is 350 m. The jet is deected through 1500 and the relative velocity of the jet is reduced by 15% in passing over the buckets. Determine (a) the diameter of each jet, 1 of 2

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Code No: E310 (b) Total ow, (c) Force exerted by the jet on buckets in tangential direction.

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Assume generator eciency of 85% , Overall eciency of 80% , Coecient of velocity = 0.97 and speed ratio = 0.46. [20] 8. (a) Dierentiate between specic speed and suction specic speed of a centrifugal pump. [8] (b) A centrifugal pump discharges 20 lit/sec against a head of 16.5 m when the speed is 1500 rpm. The diameter of the impeller is 35 cm and the power required is 6 h.p. A geometrically similar pump of 45 cm is to run at 1750 rpm. Assuming equal eciencies, nd i. the head developed ii. the discharge and iii. power developed by the 45 cm pump.

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