Sumber Daya Air Tanah - Tugas 5

Anandita Sancoyo Murti (0906511675)

Prob. 2 A fully penetrating well pumps water from an infinite, horizontal, confined,
homogeneous, isotropic aquifer at a constant rate of 25 l/s. If T is 1.2 x 10-2 m2/s
-4

and S is 2.0 x 10 , make the following calculations.

(a) Calculate the drawdown that would occur in an observation well 60 m from the
pumping well at times of 1,5,10,50, and 210 min after the start of pumping. Plot
these values on a log-log graph oh h0-h versus t.
(b) Calculate the drawdown that would occur in an observation wells at distances 1
m, 3 m, 15 m, 60 m, and 300 m from the pumping well at a time 210 min after the
start of pumping. Plot these values on a semilog graph of h0-h versus r.
Jawab:
Q=
T=
S=

25 l/s

0.025 m /s

2
0.012 m /s
0.0002

(a) Calculate the drawdown that would occur in an observation well 60 m from the
pumping well at times of 1,5,10,50, and 210 min after the start of pumping. Plot these
values on a log-log graph oh h0-h versus t.
h=
=

60 m
3.1429
Dimisalkan r = 2 m untuk mendapatkan nilai u dan W(u) dari tabel 8.1 hal. 318
(Values of W(u) for various values of u). Kemudian r dimasukkan ke dalam rumus
Storativity untuk mendapatkan nilai u.
r=

60 m

4uTt
Sr 2

4Tt
r2

Nilai u kemudian untuk mencari nilai W(u), yang kemudian akan dimasukkan ke
dalam rumus drawdown dari rumus awal Transmissivity di bawah ini:

QW (u )
4 ( h0 h)

h0 h

Q
W (u )
4 T

Departemen Teknik Sipil - Fakultas Teknik - Universitas Indonesia

2013

Sumber Daya Air Tanah - Tugas 5

Anandita Sancoyo Murti (0906511675)

Hasil drawdown akan dipaparkan dalam tabel dan grafik log-log h0-h vs t di bawah
ini:
t (min)
1
5
10
50
210

u
0.25
0.05
0.025
0.005
0.001

W(u)
7.53
9.14
9.84
11.45
13.24

h0-h (m)
1.248
1.515
1.631
1.897
2.194

Log-log h0-h vs t

ho-h (m)

10

1
1

10

100

1000

t (min)

(b) Calculate the drawdown that would occur in an observation wells at distances 1 m, 3
m, 15 m, 60 m, and 300 m from the pumping well at a time 210 min after the start of
pumping. Plot these values on a semilog graph of h0-h versus r.
Untuk mendapatkan nilai u akan digunakan pula rumus Storativity dan nilai W(u)
dari tabel 8.1 hal. 318 (Values of W(u) for various values of u).

4uTt
Sr 2

4Tt
r2

Nilai u kemudian untuk mencari nilai W(u), yang kemudian akan dimasukkan ke
dalam rumus drawdown dari rumus awal Transmissivity di bawah ini:

QW (u )
4 ( h0 h)

h0 h

Q
W (u )
4 T

Departemen Teknik Sipil - Fakultas Teknik - Universitas Indonesia

2013

Sumber Daya Air Tanah - Tugas 5

Anandita Sancoyo Murti (0906511675)

Hasil drawdown akan dipaparkan dalam tabel dan grafik semilog h0-h vs r di bawah
ini:
t (min)
210
210
210
210
210

r (m)
u
1
3E-07
3
3E-06
5
8E-06
60 0.0012
300 0.0298

W(u)
14.44
12.14
11.16
6.33
2.96

h0-h (m)
2.393
2.012
1.849
1.049
0.491

Semilog h0-h vs r
3.0

ho-h (m)

2.5
2.0
1.5
1.0
0.5

0.0
0.1

10

100

1000

r (m)

Departemen Teknik Sipil - Fakultas Teknik - Universitas Indonesia

2013

Prob. 3
-3

-4

A confined aquifer with T = 7.0 x 10 m /s and S = 5.0 x 10 is pumped by two wells 35 m

apart. One well is pumped at 7.6 l/s and one at 15.2 l/s. Plot the drawdown h0-h as a function
of position along the line joining the two wells at a time 4 h after the start of pumping.
Jawab:
2

T = 0.007 m /s
S = 0.0005
r=
35 m
Q1 =
7.6 l/s
Q2 =
t=

15.2 l/s
4 hr

=
=
Q1

0.0076 m /s
3
0.0152 m /s
240 min
Q2

h0-h

r = 35 m
Untuk mendapatkan nilai u akan digunakan pula rumus Storativity dan nilai W(u) dari tabel 8.1
hal. 318 (Values of W(u) for various values of u).

4uTt
Sr 2

4Tt
r2

Nilai u kemudian untuk mencari nilai W(u), yang kemudian akan dimasukkan ke dalam rumus
drawdown dari rumus awal Transmissivity di bawah ini:

QW (u )
4 ( h0 h)

h0 h

Q1
Q
W(u1 ) 2 W(u2 )
4T
4T

Berikut tabel hasil perhitungan drawdown masing-masing sumur:

T (m2/s)
Sumur
S
t (s)
r (m)
u
W(u)
1200
0.018229
3.35
2400
0.009115
4.14
3600
0.006076
4.54
4800
0.004557
4.73
6000
0.003646
4.95
7200
0.003038
5.23
1

Q (m3/s)

0.0076

(h0-h) (m)
0.290
0.358
0.392
0.409
0.428
0.452

0.0005

0.007

t (s)
1200
2400
3600
4800
6000
7200
8400
9600
10800
12000
13200
14400

1
0.290
0.358
0.392
0.409
0.428
0.452
0.452
0.488
0.488
0.488
0.488
0.488

(h0-h) (m)
2
0.579
0.716
0.785
0.818
0.856
0.904
0.904
0.975
0.975
0.975
0.975
0.975

8400
9600
10800
12000
13200
14400
1200
2400
3600
4800
6000
7200
8400
9600
10800
12000
13200
14400

35

0.002604
0.002279
0.002025
0.001823
0.001657
0.001519
0.018229
0.009115
0.006076
0.004557
0.003646
0.003038
0.002604
0.002279
0.002025
0.001823
0.001657
0.001519

5.23
5.64
5.64
5.64
5.64
5.64
3.35
4.14
4.54
4.73
4.95
5.23
5.23
5.64
5.64
5.64
5.64
5.64

0.0076

0.0152

0.452
0.488
0.488
0.488
0.488
0.488
0.579
0.716
0.785
0.818
0.856
0.904
0.904
0.975
0.975
0.975
0.975
0.975

Total
0.869
1.074
1.177
1.227
1.284
1.356
1.356
1.463
1.463
1.463
1.463
1.463

Log-log h0-h vs t

h0-h (m)

10.000

1.000
1000

0.100

10000

t (s)

100000

Prob. 7 The thickness of a horizontal, confined, homogeneous, isotropic aquifer of infinite areal axtent is 30
m. A well fully penetrating the aquifer was continuously pumped at a constant rate of 0.1 m3/s for a
period of 1 day. The drawdowns given in the attached tabel were observed in a fully penetrating
observation well 90 m from the pumping well. Compute the transmissivity and the storativity by
using:
(a) The Theis Method of log-log matching [using the type curve prepared in Problem 6(b)]
(b) The Jacob method of semilog plotting.
t (min) h0-h (m)
1
0.14
2
0.22
3
0.28
4
0.32
5
0.34
6
0.37

t
7
8
9
10
21
30

h0-h
0.39
0.4
0.42
0.44
0.55
0.62

t
40
50
60
70
80
90

h0-h
0.66
0.7
0.71
0.73
0.76
0.79

t
100
200
400
800
1000

h0-h
0.81
0.90
0.99
1.07
1.10

6(b) Plot these same values as 1/u versus W(u) on a log-log graph. Given in Table 8.1 those values
lying in the range 10-9 <u < 1
Jawab:
B=
Q=
t=
r=

30 m
3
0.1 m /s
1 day
90 m

(a) Compute the transmissivity and storativity by using Theis method of log-log matching
h0-h (m)
t (min)
t (s)
1
60 0.14
2
120 0.22
3
180 0.28
4
240 0.32
5
300 0.34
6
360 0.37
7
420 0.39
8
480
0.4
9
540 0.42
10
600 0.44
21
1260 0.55
30
1800 0.62
40
2400 0.66
50
3000
0.7
60
3600 0.71
70
4200 0.73
80
4800 0.76
90
5400 0.79
100
6000 0.81
200
12000 0.90
400
24000 0.99
800
48000 1.07

1000

60000

1.10

Table 8.1 Values of W(u) for various values of u (Source: Wenzel, 1942)
u
1/u
1.0
1
1 0.219
0.1
10 1.82
0.01
100 4.04
0.001
1000 6.33
0.0001 10000 8.63
1E-05 100000 10.94
1E-06 1000000 13.24
1E-07 1E+07 15.54
1E-08 1E+08 17.84
1E-09 1E+09 20.15

100

10
h0-h (m)

100

10000

1
0.1 1

10

100

1000

t (s)

10000

100000

1000000 10000000100000000 1E+09

1/u

Dari "grafik log-log W(u) versus 1/u" dan "grafik log-log h0-h versus t" didapat nilai W(u) dan u
sebagai berikut:
W(u) =
5
u=
50
Dari grafik di samping didapatkan nilai
h0-h = 0.4 m

10

h0-h (m)

W(u)

10

h0-h = 0.4 m

0.1

100

t (s)

10000

Maka nilai T dengan rumus di bawah sebagai berikut:

QW (u )
4 ( h0 h)

Q=
W(u) =
=
h0-h =

0.1 m /s
5
3.1429
0.4 m

T=

2
0.0994 m /s

Maka nilai S dengan rumus di bawah sebagai berikut:

u=
50
2
4 uTt
T = 0.0994 m /s
S
2
r
t=
60 s
r=
S=

90 m
0.1473

(b) The Jacob method of semilog plotting

Maka nilai T dengan rumus di bawah sebagai berikut:

2,3Q
4h

Q=
=
h0-h (h) =

3
0.1 m /s
3.1429
0.4 m

T=

2
0.0457 m /s

Maka nilai S dengan rumus di bawah sebagai berikut:

2,25Tt 0
r2

T=
t=
r=
S=

2
0.0457 m /s
60 s
90 m
0.0008

Prob. 9

(a) A well pumps at 15.7 l/s from a horizontal, confined, homogeneous, isotropic aquifer.
The attached table lists drawdown observed in an observation well 30 m from the pumping
well. Plot these data on a semilogarithmic graph and use the Jacob method on the early
data to calculate T and S.
(b) What kind of boundary is indicated by the break in slope? Measure the slope of the two
limbs and note that the second limb has twice the slope of the first limb. In this case, how
many image wells must be needed to provide an equivalent aquifer of infinite extent? Draw
a sketch showing a possible configuration of pumping well, image well(s), and a boundary,
and note whether the image well are pumping wells or recharge wells.
h0-h (m)
h0-h
h0-h
h0-h
t (min)
t
t
t
11
14
18

2.13
2.27
2.44

21
28
35

2.50
2.68
2.80

52
60
74

3.11
3.29
3.41

88
100
112
130

3.70
3.86
4.01
4.14

Jawab:
(a) Calculate T and S by plot data on semilogarithmic graph and use the Jacob method
h0-h (m)
t (min)
t (s)
11
14
18
21
28
35
52
60
74
88
100
112
130

660
840
1080
1260
1680
2100
3120
3600
4440
5280
6000
6720
7800

4.5

2.13
2.27
2.44
2.50
2.68
2.80
3.11
3.29
3.41
3.70
3.86
4.01
4.14

Semilog h0-h vs t

4
3.5

boundary

h0-h (m)

h0-h = 1 m

2.5
2
1.5
1
0.5
0
100

1000
t (s)

10000

Diketahui:
Q=
r=
h0-h =

15.7 l/s
30 m
1m

3
0.0157 m /s

Maka nilai T dengan rumus di bawah sebagai berikut:

2,3Q
4h

Q=
=
h0-h (h) =

3
0.0157 m /s
3.1429
1m

2
T = 0.002872 m /s

Maka nilai S dengan rumus di bawah sebagai berikut:

2,25Tt 0
r2

(b)
Plotting pada gambar telah tertera pada grafik di atas.

2
T = 0.002872 m /s
t=
660 s
r=
30 m
S = 0.004739