ĐỀ DỰ BỊ THI ĐH 2002 - 2008 VÀ HD GIẢIchi tiet

T r n Xun Bang - Trng THPT Chuyn Qung Bnh
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008

ra v Hng dn gii. 6/2010
1

D B THI I HC 2002 - 2008
RA V HNG DN GII

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D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
2

PHN TH NHT

D B THI I HC 2002 - 2008

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
3
S 1

Cu I:
Cho hm s y= x
4
- mx
2
+m - 1 (1)(m l tham s)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s (1) khi m = 8.
2. Xc nh m sao cho th hm s (1) ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit.

Cu II:
1. Gii bt phng trnh
x 2x +1 x
1 1
2 2
log (4 +4) log (2 - 3.2 ) >
2. Xc nh m phng trnh 2(sin
4
x +cos
4
x) +cos4xx +2sin2x +m =0 c t
nht mt nghim thuc on
0;
2
(
(

.
Cu III:
1. Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y ABC l tam gic u cnh a v cnh bn SA
vung gc vi mt phng y (ABC). Tnh khong cch t im A n mt phng
(SBC) theo a, bit rng
a 6
SA =
2
.
2. Tnh tch phn
1 3
2
0
x
I = dx
x +1
}
.
Cu IV:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho hai ng trn:
(C
1
): x
2
+y
2
- 10x =0 (C
2
): x
2
+y
2
+4x - 2y - 20 =0
Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua cc giao im ca (C
1
) , (C
2
) v c tm nm
trn ng thng x + 6y - 6 =0.
3. Vit phng trrnh ng tip tuyn chung ca hai ng trn (C
1
) v (C
2
).

Cu V:
1. Gii phng trnh
2
4 4 2 12 2 16 x x x x + + = + .
2. i tuyn hc sinh gii ca mt trng gm 18 em, trong c 7 hc sinh
khi 12, 6 hc sinh khi 11 v 5 hc sinh khi 10. Hi c bao nhiu cch c 8 hc
sinh i d tri h sao cho mi khi c t nht mt em c chn.

Cu VI:
Gi x, y, z l khong cch t im M thuc min trong ca tam gic ABC c ba
gc nhn n cc cnh BC, CA, AB. Chng minh rng:

2 2 2
a +b +c
x + y + z
2R
s ; a, b, c l cnh tam gic, R l bn knh
ng trn ngoi tip. Du ng thc xy ra khi no ?

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
4
S 2

Cu I:
1. Tm s nguyn dng tho mn bt phng trnh:
3 n-2
n n
A +2C > 9n, trong
k k
n n
A , C ln lt l s chnh hp v s t hp chp k ca n.
2. Gii phng trnh
8
4 2
2
1 1
log (4x +3) + log (x - 1) log (4 )
2 4
x =
Cu II:
Cho hm s
2
x - 2x +m
y =
x - 2
(1)(m l tham s).
1. Xc nh m hm s (1) nghch bin trn on [- 1; 0].
3. Tm a phng trnh sau c nghim:

2 2
1 + 1 - t 1 + 1 - t
9 - (a +2).3 +2a +1 =0
Cu III:
1. Gii phng trnh
4 4
sin x +cos x 1 1
= cotx -
5sin2x 2 8sin2x

2. Xt tam gic ABC c di cc cnh AB = c, BC = a, CA = b. Tnh din tch
tam gic ABC, bit rng: bsinC(b.cosC + c.cosB) = 20.

Cu IV:
1. Cho t din OABC c cc cnh OA, OB v OC i mt vung gc. Gi
, , ln lt lcc gc gia mt phng (ABC) vi cc mt phng (OBC), (OCA)
v (OAB), chng minh rng: cos + cos + cos 3 s .
2.Trong khng gian Oxyz cho mf(P): x - y +z +3 =0 v hai im A(- 1; - 3; -
2), B( - 5; 7; 12).
a) Tm to im A' i xng im A qua mf(P).
b) Gi s M l mt im chy trn mf(P), tm gi tr nh nht ca MA + MB.

Cu V:
Tnh
ln3 x
x 3
0
I = .
(e 1)
e dx
+
}

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
5
S 3

Cu I: Cho hm s y =
1
3
x
3
+mx
2
-2x - 2m -
1
3
(1)(m l tham s)
1. Cho m =
1
2
: a) Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) hm s (1) .
b) Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C), bit rng tip tuyn
song song vi ng thng y = 4x + 2.
2. Tm m thuc khong
5
0;
6
| |
|
\ .
sao cho hnh phng gii hn bi th hm s (1)
v cc ng x = 0, x =2, y =0 c din tch bng 4.

Cu II:
1. Gii h phng trnh
4 2
4 3 0
log log 0
x y
x y
+ =

2. Gii phng trnh
2
4
4
(2 - sin 2x)sin3x
tan x +1 =
cos x
.

Cu III:
1. Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung cnh a, SA vung gc
vi mt phng (ABCD) v SA =a. Gi E l trung im ca cnh CD. Tnh theo a
khong cch t im S n ng thng BE.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho ng thng A v mt phng (P).

2x +y +z +1 =0
: (P): 4x - 2y + z - 1 = 0
x +y +z +2 =0

Vit phng trnh hnh chiu vung gc ca ng thng A v mf(P).

Cu IV:
1. Tm gii hn
3
x 0
x +1 + x - 1
L =lim
x

2. Trong mt phng Oxy cho hai ng trn:
(C
1
): x
2
+y
2
- 4y - 5 =0 (C
2
): x
2
+y
2
- 6x +8y +16 =0
Vit phng trrnh ng tip tuyn chung ca hai ng trn (C
1
) v (C
2
).

Cu V:
Cho x, y l hai s dng thay i tho mn iu kin x + y =
5
4
.
Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc
4 1
4
S
x y
= + .
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
6
S 4

Cu I:
1. Gii bt phng trnh: x +12 x - 3 + 2x +1 >
2. Gii phng trnh tanx +cosx - cos
2
x =sinx(1 +tanx.tan
x
2
).

Cu II:
Cho hm s y = (x - m)
3
- 3x (m l tham s).
1. Xc nh m hm s cho t cc tiu tai im c honh x = 0.
2. Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s cho khi m =1.
3. Tm k h bt phng trnh sau c nghim:

3
2 3
2 2
x - 1 - 3x - k <0
1 1
log x + log (x - 1) 1
2 3

Cu III:
1. Cho tam gic ABC vung cn c cnh huyn BC = a. Trn ng thng
vung gc vi mt phng(ABC) ti A ly im S sao cho gc gia hai mt phng
(ABC) v (SBC) bng 60
0
. Tnh di SA theo a.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hai ng thng:
d
1
:
2
x - az - a =0 ax +3y - 3 =0
d :
y - z +1 =0 x - 3z - 6 =0

a) Tm a hai ng thng d
1
v d
2
ct nhau.
b) Vi a = 2, vit phng trnh mt phng(P) cha d
2
v song song d
1
v tnh
khong cch gia d
1
v d
2
.

Cu IV:
1. Gi s n l s nguyn dng v
(1 +x)
n
=a
0
+a
1
x +a
2
x
2
+...+a
k
x
2k
+...+a
n
x
n
.
Bit rng tn ti s nguyn k( 0 k n - 1 s s sao cho
1 1
2 9 24
k k k
a a a
+
= = . Hy tnh n ?
2. Tnh tch phn
0
2x 3
- 1
I = x(e + x +1)dx
}

Cu V:
Gi A, B, C l ba gc ca tam gicABC. Chng minh rng tam gic ABC u
th iu kn cn v l:

2 2 2
A B C 1 A - B B - C C - A
cos +cos +cos - 2 = cos cos cos
2 2 2 4 2 2 2

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
7
S 5

Cu I: Cho hm s y =
2
x +mx
1 - x
(1)(m l tham s)
1. Cho m =
1
2
. a) Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s (1) khi m = 0.
b) Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca th (C), bit rng tip tuyn
song song vi ng thng y = 4x + 2.
2. Tm m hm s (1) cc tr. Vi gi tr no ca m th khong cch gia hai
im cc tr ca th hm s (1) bng 10.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh
3
2
3
27
16log 3log 0
x
x
x x = .
2. Cho phng trnh
2sinx +cosx+1
sinx-2cosx+3
a = (2)(a l tham s)
a) Gii phng trnh (2) khi a =
1
3
. b) Tm a phng trnh (2) c nghim.
b) Tm a phng trnh (2) c nghim.
Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng thng d: x - y + 1 = 0 v ng trn (C):
x
2
+ y
2
+ 2x - 4y =0. Tm ta im M thuc ng thng d m qua k
c hai ng thng tip xc vi ng trn (C) ti A v B sao cho gc AMB
bng 60
0
.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho ng thng
2x - 2y - z +1 =0
d:
x +2y - 2z - 4 =0
v mt
cu (S): x
2
+ y
2
+ z
2
+ 4x - 6y +m =0. Tm m ng thng d ct mt cu ti
hai im M, N sao cho MN = 9.
3. Tnh th tch ca khi t din ABCD, bit AB = a, AC = b, AD = c v cc gc
BAC, CAD, DAB u bng 60
0
.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh tch phn
2
6 3 5
0
I = 1 - cos x .sinxcos xdx
}
.
2. Tm gii hn
3 2 2
x 0
3x - 1 2 1
L =lim
1 - cosx
x
+ +

Cu V: Gi s a, b, c l bn s nguyn thay i tho mn 1 a <b <c <d 50 s s .
Chng minh bt ng thc
2
a c b +b +50
+
b d 50b
> v tm gi tr nh nht ca biu
thc
a c
+
b d
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
8
S 6

Cu I:
1. Kho st v v thi hm s y =
3 2
1
2 3
3
x x x + (1)
2. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi th hm s (1) v trc honh.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh
2
1
sinx
8 os c x
= .
2. Gii h phng trnh
3 2
3 2
log ( 2 3 5 ) 3
log ( 2 3 5 ) 3
x
y
x x x y
y y y x
+ =
+ =

Cu III:
1. Cho hnh t din u ABCD, cnh a = 6 2cm. Hy xc nh v tnh di
on vung gc chung ca ng thng AD v ng thng BC.
2. Trong mt phng Oxy cho elip (E) :
2 2
x
+ =1
9 4
y

v ng thng d
m
: mx - y - 1 =0
a) Chng minh rng vi mi gi tr ca m, ng thng d
m
lun ct elip (E) ti
hai im phn bit.
b) Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (E) , bit rng tip tuyn i qua im
N(1; - 3).
Cu IV:
Gi a
1
, a
2
, ..., a
11
l cc h s trong khai trin (x + 1)
10
(x +2) =x
11
+a
1
x
10
+ ...+
a
11
.

Hy tnh h s a
5
.
Cu V:
1. Tm gii hn
6
2
x 1
x - 6x +5
L =lim
(x - 1)
.
2. Cho tam gic ABC c din tch bng
3
2
. Gi a, b, c ln lt l di cc cnh
BC, CA, AB v h
a
, h
b
, h
c
tng ng l di cc ng cao k t cc nh A, B,
C ca tam gic. Chng minh rng:

1 1 1 1 1 1
3
a b c
a b c h h h
| |
| |
+ + + + >
| |
\ .
\ .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
9
S 7

Cu I:
1. Kho st v v thi hm s
2
2x - 4x - 3
y =
2(x - 1)
.
2. Tm m phng trnh 2x
2
- 4x - 3 +2m 1 x =0 c hai nghim phn bit.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh 3 - tanx(tanx +2sinx) +6cosx =0 .
2. Gii h phng trnh
y x
x y
log xy =log y
2 +2 =3

Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho parabol (P):
2
y x = v im I(0; 2). Tm to hai
im M, N thuc (P) sao cho IM =4IN

.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho t din ABCD vi A(2; 3; 2), B(6; - 1; - 2),
C( - 1; - 4; 3), D(1; 6; -5). Tnh gc gia hai ng thng AB v CD. Tm to
im M thuc ng thng CD sao cho tam gic ABM c chu vi nh nht.
3. Cho lng tr ng ABCA'B'C' c y ABC l tam gic cn vi AB = AC = a
v gc
0
BAC =120 , cnh bn BB' =a. Gi I l trung im CC' . Chng minh rng
tam gic AB'I vung A. Tnh cosin ca gc gia hai mt phng (ABC) v
(AB'I).

Cu IV:
1. C bao nhiu s t nhin chia ht cho 5 m mi s c 4 ch s khc nhau.
2. Tnh tch phn:
4
0
xdx
I =
1 +cos2x
}

Cu V:
Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s: y = sin
5
x + 3cosx.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
10
S 8

Cu I:
Cho hm s
2 2
x +(2m +1)x +m 4
y =
2(x +m)
m + +
(1)(m l tham s).
1. Tm m hm s (1) c cc tr v tm khong cch gia hai im cc tr ca
th hm s (1).

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh cos2x +cosx(2tan
2
x - 1) =2 .
2. Gii bt phng trnh
x +1 x x +1
15.2 +1 2 - 1 +2 > .

Cu III:
1. Cho t din ABCD vi AB = AC = a, BC = b. Hai mt phng (BCD) v
(ABC) vung gc nhau v gc
0
90 BDC = . Xc nh tm v bn knh mt cu
ngoi tip t din ABCD theo a v b.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hai ng thng :

1
1
:
1 2 1
x y z
d
+
= =
2
3 1 0
:
2 1 0
x z
d
x y
+ =
+ =

a) Chng minh rng, d
1
v d
2
cho nhau v vung gc nhau.
b) Vit phng trnh tng qut ca ng thng d ct c hai ng v song
song vi ng thng : A
4 7 3
1 4 2
x y z
= =
.

Cu IV:
1. T cc ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 c th lp c bao nhiu s t nhin m mi s
c 6 ch s khc nhau v ch s 2 ng cnh ch s ba.
2. Tnh tch phn:
1
3 2
0
I = x 1 - x dx
}

Cu V:
Tnh cc gc ca tam gic ABC bit rng
4 ( )
2 3 3
sin sin sin
2 2 2 8
p p a bc
A B C
s

trong BC = a, CA = b, AB = c v
a +b +c
p =
2
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
11
S 9

Cu I:
Cho hm s
2
y =(x - 1)(x +mx +m) (1)(m l tham s).
1. Tm m hm s (1) ct trc honh ti ba im phn bit.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh 3cos4x - 8cos
6
x +2cos
2
x +3 =0.
2. Tm m phng trnh
( )
2
2 1
2
4 log x - log x +m =0 c nghim thuc (0; 1).
Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng thng d : x - 7y +10 =0. Vit phng trnh
ng trn c tm thuc ng thng A: 2x +y =0 v tip xc vi ng thng d
ti im A(4; 2)
2. Cho hnh lp phng ABCD.A'B'C'D'. Tm im M thuc cnh AA' sao cho
mt phng (BD'M) ct hnh lp phng theo mt thit din c din tch nh nht.
3. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho t din OABC vi A(0; 0; a 3), B(a; 0; 0),
C(0; a 3; 0) (a >0). Gi M l trung im BC. Tnh khong cch gia hai ng
thng AB v OM.

Cu IV:
1. Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s
y =x
6
+4(1 - x
2
)
3
trn on [- 1; 1].
2. Tnh tch phn:
ln5 2x
x
ln2
e
I = dx
e 1
}

Cu V:
T cc ch s 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 c th lp c bao nhiu s t nhin, mi s c 6
ch s v tho mn iu kin:
Su ch s ca mi s l khc nhau v trong mi s tng ca ba ch s u
nh hn tng ca ba ch s cui mt n v?

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
12
S 10

Cu I:
Cho hm s
2x - 1
y =
x - 1
(1)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s (1).
2. Gi I l giao im hai ng tim cn ca (C). Tm im M thuc (C) sao cho
tip tuyn ca (C) ti M vung gc vi ng thng IM.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh
( )
2
x
2 - 3 cosx - 2sin -
2 4
=1
2cosx - 1
| |
|
\ .
.
2. Gii bt phng trnh
1 1 2
2 4
log x +2log (x - 1) +log 6 0 s .

Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho elip (E):
2 2
x y
+ =1
4 1
, M( - 2; 3), N(5; n). Vit
phng trnh cc ng thng d
1
, d
2
i qua M v tip xc vi (E). Tm n trong
s cc tip tuyn ca (E) qua N c mt tip tuyn song song vi d
1
hoc d
2
.
2. Cho hnh chp u S.ABC, y ABC c cnh bng a, mt bn to vi y mt
gc bng
0 0
(0 90 ) < < . Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABC v khong cch t nh
A n mt phng (SBC).
3. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hai im I(0; 0; 1), K(3; 0; 0). Vit phng trnh
mt phng i qua hai im I, K v to vi mt phng Oxy mt gc 30
0
.

Cu IV:
1. T mt t gm 7 hc sinh n v 5 hc sinh nam cn chn ra 6 em trong s
hc sinh n phi nh hn 4. Hi c bao nhiu cch chn nh vy.
2. Cho hm s
x
3
a
f(x) = +bxe
(x +1)
. Tm a v b bit rng:
f '(0) =- 22 v
1
0
(x)dx =5 f
}

Cu V:
Chng minh rng
2
x
x
e +cosx 2 +x -
2
> , x e.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
13
S 11

Cu I:
Cho hm s
2 2
x +5x +m 6
y =
x +3
+
(1)( m l tham s)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1) khi m = 1.
2. Tm m hm s (1) ng bin trn khong (1; + ) .

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh
2
cos x(cosx - 1)
=2(1 +sinx)
sinx +cosx
.
2. Cho hm s
x
f(x) =xlog 2, (x >0, x 1) = .
Tnh f '(x) v gii bt phng trnh f '(x) s 0.

Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho tam gic ABC c nh A(1; 0) v hai ng thng
ln lt cha cc ng cao v t B v C c phng trnh tng ng l x - 2y +1
=0 v 3x +y - 1 =0.
Tnh din tch tam gic ABC.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho mt phng (P): 2x + 2y + z - m
2
- 3m =0(m l
tham s) v mt cu (S): ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
x - 1 + y +1 + z - 1 =9.
Tm m mt phng (P) tip xc mt cu (S). Vi m va tm c, hy xc nh
to tip im ca mt phng (P) v mt cu (S).
3. Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung ti B, AB = a, BC =
2a, cnh SA vung gc vi y v SA =2a. Gi M l trung im ca SC. Chng
minh rng tam gic AMB cn ti M v tnh din tch tam gic AMB theo a.

Cu IV:
1. T 9 ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8 c th lp c bao nhiu s t nhin chn
m mi s gm 7 ch s khc nhau?
2. Tnh tch phn I =
2
1
3 x
0
x e dx
}
.
Cu V:
Tnh cc gc A, B, C ca tam gic ABC biu thc:

2 2 2
Q =sin A +sin B - sin C t gi tr nh nht.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
14
S 12

Cu I:
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th (C) ca hm s: y = 2x
3
- 3x
2
- 1.
2. Gi d
k
l ng thng i qua M(0; - 1) v c h s gc bng k. Tm k
ng thng d
k
ct (C) ti ba im phn bit.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh
2cos4x
cotx =tanx +
sin2x

2. Gii phng trnh
( )
x
5
log 5 4 =1 - x

Cu III:
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hai im A( 2; 1; 1), B(0; - 1; 3) v ng thng
d:
3x - 2y - 11 =0
y +3z - 8 =0

a) Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua trung im I ca AB v vung gc
vi AB. Gi K l giao im ca ng thng d v mt phng (P), chng minh rng
d vung gc vi IK.
b) Vit phng trnh tng qut ca hnh chiu vung gc ca d trn mt phng
c phng trnh x +y - z +1 =0.
2. Cho t din ABCD c AD vung gc vi mt phng (ABC) v tam gic ABC
vung ti A, AD = a, AC = b, AB = c. Tnh din tch ca tam gic BCD theo a, b,
c v chng minh 2S abc(a +b +c). >

Cu IV:
1. Tm s t nhin n tho mn:
2 n - 2 2 3 3 n - 3
n n n n n n
C C +2C C +C C =100, trong
k
n
C l
s t hp cp k ca n.
2. Tnh tch phn I =
2
1
x +1
lnxdx.
x
e
}

Cu V:
Xc nh tam gic ABC bit rng :

2 2
(p - a)sin A +(p - b)sin B =csinAsinB .
trong BC = a, CA = b, AB = c,
a +b +c
p =
2
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
15
S 13

Cu I: Cho hm s y = x
4

- 2m
2

x
2

+1 (1)(m l tham s )
1. Kho st hm s (1) khi m = 1.
2. Tm m th hm s (1) c ba im cc tr l ba nh ca mt tam gic
vung cn.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh 4(sin
3

x +cos
3

x) =cosx +3sinx.
2. Gii bt phng trnh log

4
[ log

2
(x +
2
2 - x x )] <0.

Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng thng d: x - y +1 - 2 = 0 v im A(-1;
1). Vit phng trnh ng trn i qua A, qua gc to O v tip xc vi
ng thng d.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hnh hp ch nht ABCD.A

1
B

1
C

1
D

1
c A trng
vi gc to O, B(1; 0; 0), D(0; 1; 0), A

1
(0; 0; 2 ).
a) Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua ba im A

1
, B, C v vit phng
trnh hnh chiu vung gc ca ng thng B

1
D

1
trn mt phng (P).
b) Gi (Q) l mt phng qua A v vung gc vi A

1
C. Tnh din tch thit din
ca hnh chp A

1
ABCD vi mt phng (Q).

Cu IV:
1. Tnh th tch ca vt th trn xoay sinh ra bi php quay xung quanh trc Ox
ca hnh phng gii hn bi trc Ox v ng y = x sinx (0 s x s )
2. Cho tp hp A gm n phn t, n > 7. Tm n, bit rng s tp con gm 7 phn
t ca tp A bng hai ln s tp con gm ba phn t ca tp A.

Cu V:
Gi (x; y) l nghim ca h phng trnh
x - my =2 - 4m
mx +y =3m +1
(m l tham s). Tm
gi tr ln nht ca biu thc A = x
2

+y
2

- 2x, khi m thay i.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
16
S 14

Cu I: Cho hm s y = 2x
3

- 2mx
2

+m
2

x - 2 (1)(m l tham s).
2. Tm m hm s (1) t cc tiu ti x = 1.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh 2 2cos(x +
4
) +
1
sinx
=
1
cosx
.
2. Gii bt phng trnh
x - 1
2 +6x - 11
>4
x - 2

Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho im I(- 2; 0) v hai ng thng
d

1
: 2x - y +5 =0 v d

2
: x +y - 3 =0.
Vit phng trnh ng thng d i qua im I v ct hai ng thng d

1
, d

2
ln
lt ti A, B sao cho

IA =2.

IB .
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho A(4 ; 2; 2), B( 0 ; 0; 7) v ng thng
d:
x - 3 y - 6 z - 1
=
- 2 2 1
=
Chng minh rng hai ng thng d v AB cng thuc mt mt phng. Tm im
C trn ng thng d sao cho tam gic ABC cn ti nh A.
3. Cho hnh chp S.ABC c SA =3a v vung gc vi y ABC, tam gic ABC
c AB =BC =2a, gc B bng 120
0
. Tnh khong cch t nh A n mt phng
(SBC).

Cu IV:
1. Tnh tch phn I =
3
3
1
dx
x +x
}
.
2. Bit rng (2 + x)
100

=a

0
+a

1
x +a

2
x
2
+... +a

100
x
100

. Chng minh a

2
<a

3
. Vi
gi tr no ca k th a

k
<a

k+1
(0 s k s 99)?

Cu V:
Cho hm s f(x) =e
x

- sinx +
x
2

2
. Tm gi tr nh nht ca f(x) v chng minh
rng phng trnh f(x) =3 c ng hai nghim.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
17
S 15

Cu I:
Cho hm s
2
x - 2mx +2
y =
x - 1
(1)(m l tham s).
2. Tm m hm s (1) c hai im cc tr A, B. Chng minh rng khi ng
thng AB song song vi ng thng d: 2x - y - 10 =0.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh sin4xsin7x =cos3xcos6x.

3
x >log

x
3.

Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho elip (E):
x
2

8
+
y
2

4
=1. Vit phng trnh cc tip
tuyn ca (E) song song vi ng thng d: x + 2 y - 1 =0
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho A(2 ; 0; 0) v M( 1 ; 1; 1).
a) Tm to O' i xng O qua ng thng AM.
b) Gi (P) l mt phng thay i i qua ng thng AM, ct cc trc Oy, Oz
ln lt ti cc im B, C. Gi s B(0; b; 0), C(0; 0; c), b >0, c >0. Chng minh
rng b + c =
bc
2
. Xc nh b, c sao cho din tch tam gic ABC nh nht.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh tch phn I =
3
cosx
0
e sin2xdx
}
.
2. Bit rng (1 + 2x)
n

=a

0
+a

1
x +a

2
x
2
+... +a

n
x
n

. Chng minh a

2
<a

3
. Bit
rng a

0
+a

1
+a

2
+... +a

n
=729. Tm n v s ln nht trong cc s a

0
, a

1
, a

2
, ..., a

n

Cu V:
Cho tam gic ABC tho mn A s 90
0
v sinA =2sinBsinCtan
A
2
. Tm gi tr nh
nht ca biu thc
A
1 - sin
2
S =
sinB
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
18
S 16

Cu I:
Cho hm s
2
x +x +4
y =
x +1
(1) c th (C).
1. Kho st hm s (1) .
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit tip tuyn vung gc vi ng
thng d: x - 3y +3 =0.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh 2sinxcos2x +sin2xcosx =sin4xcosx.
2. Gii h phng trnh
2 2
x +y x - 1
x +y =y +x
2 - 2 =x - y.

Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho tam gic ABC vung A. Bit A( - 1; 4), B( 1; -
4), ng thng BC i qua im K(
7
3
; 2). Tm to C.
2. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho A(2 ; 0; 0) , B(2; 2; 0), C(0; 0; 2).
a) Tm to O' i xng O qua mf(ABC).
b) Cho im S di chuyn trn trc Oz, gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca O
trn ng thng SA. Chng minh rng din tch tam gic OBH nh hn 4.

Cu IV:
1. Tnh tch phn I =
2
0
xsin xdx
}
.
2. Bit rng trong khai trin nh thc Niutn ca (x +
1
x
)
n

tng cc h s ca hai
s hng u tin bng 24, tnh tng cc h s ca cc s hng cha x
k

vi k > 0 v
chng minh rng tng ny l mt s chnh phng.

Cu V:
Cho phng trnh x
2

+( m
2

-
5
3
)
2
x +4 +2 - m
2

=0.
Tm tt c cc gi tr m phng trnh c nghim.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
19
S 17

Cu I:
Cho hm s
x
y =
x +1
(1) c th (C).
1. Kho st hm s (1) .
2. Tm trn (C) nhng im M sao cho khong cch t M n ng thng
d: 3x +4y =0 bng 1.

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh sinx +sin2x = 3(cosx +cos2x)
2. Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s y = (x + 1)
2
1 - x .

Cu III:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho im A(2; 3) v hai ng thng
d

1
: x +y +5 =0 v d
2
: x +2y - 7 =0.
Tm to cc im B trn d

1
v C trn d

2
sao cho tam gic ABC c trng tm l
G(2; 0).
2. Cho hnh vung ABCD c cnh AB = a. trn cc na ng thng Ax, By
vung gc vi mf(ABCD) v nm v cng mt pha i vi mf(ABCD), ln lt
ly cc im M, N sao cho tam gic MNC vung ti M. t AM = m, BN = n.
Chng minh rng, m(n - m) =a
2

v tm gi tr nh nht ca din tch hnh thang
ABNM.
3. Trong khng gian Oxyz cho A(0 ; 1; 1) v ng thng d:
x +y =0
2x - z - 2 =0

Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) i qua A v vung gc vi ng thng d.
Tm to hnh chiu vung gc B' ca im B(1; 1; 2) trn mt phng (P).
Cu IV:
1. Tnh tch phn I =
ln8
2x x
ln3
e e 1dx +
}
.
2. C bao nhiu s t nhin tho mn ng thi ba im kin sau: gm ng 4
ch s i mt khc nhau; l s chn; nh hn 2158 ?

Cu V:
Tm tt c cc gi tr m h sau c nghim:
2
2
x - 5x +4 0
3x - mx x +16 =0
s

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
20
S 18

Cau I :
Goi (C
m
) l aothcua ham so : y =
2 2
2 1 3 x mx m
x m
+ +
(* ) (m l atham so)
1. Khao sat sbi en thi en vaveoth cua ham so(* ) ng vi m = 1.
2. Tm m eham so(* ) cohai i em cc trnam vehai pha truc tung.
Cau I I :
1. Gi ai hephng trnh :
2 2
4
( 1) ( 1) 2
x y x y
x x y y y
+ + + =
+ + + + =

2. Tm nghi em tren khong (0; ) cua phng trnh :

2 2
3
4sin 3cos2 1 2cos ( )
2 4
x
x x

= +
Cau I I I :
1. Trong mat phang vi hetoa oOxy cho tam gi ac ABC can tai nh A co
trong tam G
4 1
( ; )
3 3
, phng trnh ng thang BC l a 2 4 0 x y = vaphng
trnh ng thang BG l a7 4 8 0 x y = .Tm toa ocac nh A, B, C.
2. Trong khong gi an vi hetoa oOxyz cho 3 i em A(1;1; 0),B(0; 2; 0),
C(0; 0; 2) .
a) Vi et phng trnh mat phang (P) qua goc toa oO vavuong goc vi BC.
Tm toa ogi ao i em cua AC vi mat phang (P).
b) Chng mi nh tam gi ac ABC l atam gi ac vuong. Vi et phng trnh mat cau
ngoai ti ep tdi en OABC.
Cau I V:
1. Tnh tch phan
3
2
0
sin . I x tgxdx
=
}
.
2. Tcac chso1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 cothel ap c bao nhi eu sot nhi en,
moi sogom 6 chsokhac nhau vatong cac chsohang chuc, hang tram hang
ngan bang 8.
Cau V: Cho x, y, z l aba sothoa x + y + z = 0. Chng minh rang :
3 4 3 4 3 4 6
x y z
+ + + + + >

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
21
S 19

Cau I :
1. Khao sat sbi en thi en vaveoth ( C ) cua ham so
2
1
1
x x
y
x
+ +
=
+
.
2. Vi et phng trnh ng thang i qua i em M (- 1; 0) vati ep xuc vi oth(
C ) .
Cau I I :
2 1 1
3 2 4
x y x y
x y
+ + + =
+ =

2. Gi ai phng trnh :
3
2 2cos ( ) 3cos sin 0
4
x x x
=
Cau I I I :
1. Trong mat phang vi hetoa oOxy cho ng tron
(C): x
2
+ y
2
12 4 36 0 x y + = . Vi et phng trnh ng tron (C
1
) ti ep xuc vi
hai truc toa oOx, Oy ong thi ti ep xuc ngoai vi ng tron (C).
2. Trong khong gi an vi hetoa oecac vuong goc Oxyz cho 3 i em A(2;0;0),
C(0; 4; 0), S(0; 0; 4).
a) Tm toa oi em B thuoc mat phang Oxy sao cho tgi ac OABC l ahnh
chnhat. Vi et phng trnh mat cau qua 4 i em O, B, C, S.
b) Tm toa oi em A
1
oi xng vi i em A qua ng thang SC.
Cau I V: 1. Tnh tch phan
7
3
0
2
1
x
I dx
x
+
=
+
}
.
2. Tm heso cua x
7
trong khai tri en a thc
2
(2 3 )
n
x , trong on l aso nguyen
dng thoa man:
1 3 5 2 1
2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1
...
n
n n n n
C C C C
+
+ + + +
+ + + + = 1024. (
k
n
C l asotohp chap k
cua n phan t)
Cau V: Cm rang vi moi x, y > 0 ta co:

2
9
(1 )(1 )(1 ) 256
y
x
x y
+ + + > . ang thc xay ra khi nao?

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
22
S 20

Cau I :
1. Khao sat sbi en thi en vaveoth ( C ) cua ham so
4 2
6 5 y x x = +
2. Tm m e phng trnh sau co4 nghi em phan bi et :
4 2
2
6 log 0 x x m = .
Cau I I :
2 1 1
3 2 4
x y x y
x y
+ + + =
+ =

3
2 2cos ( ) 3cos sin 0
4
x x x
=
Cau I I I :
1. Trong mat phang vi hetoa oOxy cho el i p (E) :
2 2
64 9
x y
+ = 1. Vi et phng
trnh ti ep tuyen d cua (E) bi et d cat hai hai truc toa oOx, Oy l an l t tai A, B
sao cho AO = 2BO.
2. Trong khong gi an vi hetoa o Oxyz cho hai ng thang
1
x y z
:
1 1 2
d = = va
2
1 2
:
1
x t
d y t
z t
=
= +
( t l atham so)
a) Xet vtr tng oi cua d
1
vad
2
.
b) Tm toa ocac i em M thuoc d
1
vaN thuoc d
2
sao cho ng thang MN
song song vi mat phang (P) : 0 x y z + = vaodai oan MN = 2.
Cau I V:
1. Tnh tch phan
2
0
ln
e
x xdx
}
.
2. Mot i van ngheco15 ngi gom 10 nam va5 n. Hoi cobao nhi eu
cach l ap mot nhom ong ca gom 8 ngi bi et rang trong nhom ophai
cot nhat 3 n.
Cau V: Cho a, b, c l aba sodng thoa man : a + b + c =
3
4
. Chng mi nh rang :

3 3 3
3 3 3 3 a b b c c a + + + + + s . Khi nao ang thc xay ra ?

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
23
S 21

Cau I : Cho ham so : y =
2
2 2
1
x x
x
+ +
+
(* )
1. Khao sat sbi en thi en vaveoth( C ) cua ham so(* ) .
2. Goi I l agi ao i em cua hai ti em can cua ( C ). Chng mi nh rang khong co
ti ep tuyen nao cua (C ) i qua i em I .
Cau I I :
1. Gi ai bat phng trnh :
2
8 6 1 4 1 0 x x x + + s
2
2
cos2 1
( ) 3
2 cos
x
tg x tg x
x

+ =
Cau I I I :
1. Trong mat phang vi hetoa oOxy cho 2 ng tron :
(C
1
): x
2
+ y
2
9 = va(C
2
): x
2
+ y
2
2 2 23 0 x y = . Vi et phng trnh truc ang
phng d cua 2 ng tron (C
1
) va(C
2
). Chng mi nh rang neu K thuoc d th
khoang cach tK en tam cua (C
1
) nhohn khong cach tK en tam cua
(C
2
).
2. Trong khong gi an vi hetoa oOxyz cho i em M(5;2; - 3) vamat phang
(P): 2 2 1 0 x y z + + = .
a) Goi M
1
l ahnh chi eu cua M l en mat phang ( P ). Xac nh toa oi em M
1

vatnh odai oan MM
1
.
b) Vi et phng trnh mat phang ( Q ) i qua M vacha ng thang :

x - 1 y - 1 z - 5
2 1 - 6
= =
Cau I V:
1.Tnh tch phan
4
sin
0
(tan cos )
x
x e x dx
+
}
.
2. Tcac chso1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7 cothel ap c bao nhi eu sotnhi en, moi so
gom 5 chsokhac nhau vanhat thi et phai co2 ch1, 5 ?
Cau V: Chng mi nh rang neu 0 1 y x s s s th

1
4
x y y x s . ang thc xay ra khi nao?

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
24
S 22

Cau I : Goi (C
m
) l aothcua ham so y= x
3
+ ( 2m + 1) x
2
m 1 (1)
(m l atham so).
1) Khao sat sbi en thi en vaveothcua ham so(1) khi = m 1 .
2) Tm m eoth(C
m
) ti ep xuc vi ng thang y= 2mx m 1.
Cau I I :
1. Gi ai bat phng trnh : 2 7 5 3 2 x x x + >
3 sin
( ) 2
2 1 cos
x
tg x
x
+ =
+

Cau I I I :
1. Trong mat phang vi hetoa oOxy cho ng tron
(C): x
2
+ y
2
4 6 12 0 x y = .
Tm toa oi em M thuoc ng thang d : 2 3 0 x y + = sao cho MI = 2R, trong
oI l atam vaR l aban knh cua ng tron (C).
2. Trong khong gi an vi hetoa o Oxyz cho l ang tru ng OAB.O
1
A
1
B
1
vi
A(2;0;0), B(0; 4; 0), O
1
(0; 0; 4)
a) Tm toa ocac i em A
1
, B
1
. Vi et phng trnh mat cau qua 4 i em O, A,
B, O
1
.
b) Goi M l atrung i em cua AB.Mat phang ( P ) qua M vuong goc vi O
1
A
vacat OA, OA
1
l an l t tai N, K. Tnh odai oan KN.
Cau I V:
1. Tnh tch phan
3
2
1
ln
ln 1
e
x
I dx
x x
=
+
}
.
2. Tm k { } 0;1;2;...;2005 e sao cho
2005
k
C at gi atrl n nhat. (
k
n
C l asotohp
chap k cua n phan t)
Cau V: Tm m ehephng trnh sau conghi em:

2 1 2 1
2
7 7 2005 2005
( 2) 2 3 0
x x x
x
x m x m
+ + + +
+ s
+ + + >

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
25
S 23

Cau I :
1. Khao sat sbi en thi en vaveoth cua ham so
2
3 3
1
x x
y
x
+ +
=
+
.
2. Tm m e phng trnh
2
3 3
1
x x
m
x
+ +
=
+
co4 nghi em phan bi et
Cau I I :
1. Gi ai bat phng trnh :
2
2
2
2
1
9 2 3
3
x x
x x
| |
s
|
\ .
.
2. Gi ai phng trnh : sin2 cos2 3sin cos 2 0 x x x x + + =
Cau I I I :
1. Trong mat phang vi hetoa oOxy cho 2 i em A(0;5), B(2; 3) . Vi et
phng trnh ng tron i qua hai i em A, B vacoban knh R = 10.
2. Trong khong gi an vi he toa o Oxyz cho 3 hnh l ap phng
ABCD.A
1
B
1
C
1
D
1
vi A(0;0;0), B(2; 0; 0), D
1
(0; 2; 2)
a) Xac nh toa ocac i em con l ai cua hnh l ap phng ABCD.A
1
B
1
C
1
D
1
.
Goi M l atrung i em cua BC. Chng mi nh rang hai mat phang ( AB
1
D
1
) va(
AMB
1
) vuong goc nhau.
b) Chng mi nh rang tsokhong cach ti em N thuoc ng thang AC
1
(
N = A ) ti 2 mat phang ( AB
1
D
1
) va( AMB
1
) khong phu thuoc vao vtr cua
i em N.
Cau I V:
1. Tnh tch phan
2
2
0
I = (2x - 1)cos xdx
}
.
2. Tm songuyen n l n hn 1 thoa man ang thc :
2 2
2 6 12
n n n n
P A P A + = .
( P
n
l asohoan vcua n phan tva
k
n
A l aso chnh hp chap k cua n phan t)
Cau V: Cho x, y, z l aba sodng vaxyz = 1. Chng minh rang :

2 2 2
3
1 1 1 2
x y z
y z x
+ + >
+ + +
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
26
S 24

Cu I:
1. Kho st v v th hm s
2
x 2x 5
y
x 1
+ +
=
+
(C)
2. Da vo th (C), tm m phng trnh sau c hai nghim dng phn bit

2 2
2 5 ( 2 5)( 1) x x m m x + + = + + +
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
3 3
2 3 2
cos3xcos x sin3xsin x
8
+
=
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2
2
( 1) ( ) 4
( , )
( 1)( 2)
x y y x y
x y R
x y x y
+ + + =
+ + =

Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hnh lng tr ng ABCA'B'C' c A(0; 0;
0), B(2; 0; 0), C(0; 2; 0), A'(0; 0; 2).
1. Chng minh A'C vung gc vi BC'. Vit phng trnh mt phng (ABC').
2. Vit phng trnh hnh chiu vung gc ca ng thng B'C' trn mf(ABC')
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
6
2
dx
I
2x 1 4x 1
=
+ + +
}

2. Cho x, y l cc s thc tho mn iu kin: x
2
+xy +y
2
s 3.
Chng minh rng:
2 2
4 3 3 3 4 3 3 x xy y s s .
Cu Va:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho elip (E)
2 2
1
12 2
x y
+ = . Vit phng trnh ca hypebol
(H) c hai dng tim cn l 2 y x = v c hai tiu im l hai tiu im ca (E).
2. p dng khai trin ca nh thc Newton ca
( )
100
2
x x + , chng minh rng:

99 100 198 199
0 1 99 100
100 100 100 100
1 1 1 1
100 101 ... 199 200 0
2 2 2 2
C C C C
| | | | | | | |
+ + =
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

Cu Vb:
1. Gii bt phng trnh:
x 1
log ( 2x) 2
+
>
2. Cho hnh hp ng ABCD.A'B'C'D' c y l hnh thoi, cc cnh AB = AD =
a, ZBAD =60
0
, cnh bn bng
3
2
a
. Gi M, N ln lt l trung im ca cc
cnh A'D' v A'B'. Chng minh AC'mf(BDMN). Tnh th tch khi chp
A.BDMN.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
27
S 25

Cu I:
1. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s
4
2
x
y 2(x 1)
2
= (C)
2. Vit phng trnh cc ng thng i qua im A(0; 2) v tip xc vi (C).
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: 2sin 2x 4sinx +1=0
6
t | |
+
|
\ .

2. Gii h phng trnh:
3 3
2 2
8 2
( , )
3 3( 1)
x x y y
x y R
x y
= +
= +

Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho mf( ): 3x +2y - z + 4 = 0 v hai im A(4;
0; 0), B(0; 4; 0). Gi I l trung im ca on thng AB.
1. Tm giao im ca ng thng AB vi mf( ).
2. Xc nh to im K sao cho KI vung gc vi mf( ) ng thi K cch
u gc to O v mf( ) .
Cu IV:
1. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi parabol y = x
2
- x + 3 v ng thng
d: y =2x +1
2. Cho x, y, z tho mn cc iu kn 3 3 3 1
x y z
+ + = . Chng minh rng:

9 9 9 3 3 3
3 3 3 3 3 3 4
x y z x y z
x y z y z x z x y + + +
+ +
+ + >
+ + +

Cu Va:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho tam gic ABC c nh A thuc ng thng d: x - 4y
- 2 =0 , cnh BC song song vi d. Phng trnh ng cao BH: x + y + 3 = 0 v
trung im ca cnh AC l M(1; 1). Tm to A, B, C.
2. T cc ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4 c th lp c bao nhiu s t nhin c 5 ch s
khc nhau ? Tnh tng ca tt c cc s t nhin .
Cu Vb:
x 2x
2x
log 2 2log 4 log 8 + =
2. Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh ch nht vi AB = a, AD = 2a,
cnh SA vung gc vi y, cnh SB to vi mt phng y mt gc 60
0
. Trn
cnh SA ly im M sao cho AM =
3
3
a
. Mt phng (BCM) ct SD ti N.
Tnh th tch khi chp S.BCNM.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
28
S 26

Cu I:
1. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s
2
x x 1
y
x 1

=
+
(C)
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) i qua A(0; - 5).
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
2 2 2
(2sin x 1)tan 2x 3(2cos x -1) =0 +
2. Gii phng trnh:
2
3 2 1 4 9 2 3 5 2, ) x x x x x x R + = + + e
Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hai ng thng:

1
1
: 1
2
x t
y t
z
= +
A =
v
2
3 1
:
1 2 1
x y z
A = =

1. Vit phng trnh mt phng cha
1
A v song song
2
A .
2. Xc nh to im A trn
1
A v im B trn
2
A sao cho on thng AB c
di nh nht.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
10
5
dx
I
x 2 x 1
=

}

2. Tm gi tr nh nht ca hm s:
2
11 7
4 1 , 0
2
y x x
x x
| |
= + + + >
|
\ .

Cu Va:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho tam gic ABC cn ti B, vi A(1; -1), C(3; 5). im
B thuc ng thng d: 2x - y =0. Vit phng trnh cc ng thng AB, BC.
2. T cc ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 c th lp c bao nhiu s chn, mi s c 5
ch s khc nhau trong c ng hai ch s l v hai ch s l ng cnh nhau.
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh:
3
1 8
2
2
log x 1 log (3 x) log (x 1) 0 + =
2. Cho hnh chp S.ABCD c y ABCD l hnh thoi cnh a.
0
60 BAD = . SA
vung gc vi mf(ABCD), SA =a. Gi C' trung im ca SC. Mt phng (P) di
qua AC' v song song BD, ct cc cnh SB, SD ca hnh chp ln lt ti B', D'.
Tnh th tch khi chp S.AB'C'D'.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
29
S 27

Cu I: Cho hm s y = x
3
+(1 - 2m)x
2
+(2 - m)x +2 (1)
1. Kho st v v th ca hm s (1) khi m = 2.
2. Tm tt c cc gi tr m th hm s (1) c cc i, cc tiu, ng thi
honh ca im cc tiu nh hn 1.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: cos2x +(1 +2cosx)(sinx - cosx) =0
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2 2
( )( ) 13
( , )
( )( ) 25
x y x y
x y R
x y x y
+ =
+ =

Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho mt phng (P): 2x + y - z +5 =0 v cc
im
A(0; 0; 4), B(2; 0; 0)
1. Vit phng trnh hnh chiu vung gc ca ng thng AB trn mf(P).
2. Vit phng trnh mt cu i qua O, A, B v tip xc vi mt phng (P).
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
e
1
3 2lnx
I dx
x 1 2lnx
=
+
}

2. Cho hai s dng x, y thay i th mn iu kin x + y > 4. Tm gi tr nh
nht ca biu thc A =
2 3
2
3 4 2
4
x y
x y
+ +
+
Cu Va:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho tam gic ABC c A(2; 1), ng cao qua nh B c
phng trnh x - 3y - 7 = 0 v ng trung tuyn qua nh C c phng trnh x +y
+ 1 = 0. Xc nh to cc nh B, C ca tam gic..
2. Cho hai ng thng song song d
1
v d
2.
Trn ng thng d
1
c 10 im phn
bit, trn ng thng d
2
c n im phn bit(n > 2). Bit rng c 2800 tam gic
c nh l cc im cho. Tm n.
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh:
2 2
x x 1 x x 2
9 10.3 1 0
+ +
+ =
2. Cho hnh lng tr ABC.A'B'C' c A'ABC l hnh chp tam gic u, cnh y
AB =a, cnh bn AA' =b. Gi l gc gia hai mt phng (ABC) v (A'BC).
Tnh tan v th tch khi chp A'BB'C'C.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
30
S 28

Cu I: Cho hm s
3
2
11
3
3 3
x
y x x = + +
1. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s cho.
2. Tm trn th (C) hai im phn bit M, N i xng nhau qua trc tung.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
3 3 2
cos x sin x 2sin x 1 + + =
2. Gii h phng trnh:
2 2
2 2 2
3( )
( , )
7( )
x xy y x y
x y R
x xy y x y
+ =
+ + =

Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho mt phng (P): 4x - 3y +11z - 26 =0 v hai
ng thng
1 2
3 1 4 3
: , :
1 2 3 1 1 2
x y z x y z
d d
+
= = = =

1. Chng minh rng d
1
v d
2
cho nhau.
2. Vit phng trnh ng thng A nm trn (P), ng thi A ct c d
1
v d
2
.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
2
0
I (x 1)sin2xdx
t
= +
}

2. Gii phng trnh
1
4 2 2(2 1)sin(2 1) 2 0
x x x x
y
+
+ + + =
Cu Va:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng thng d: x - y +1 - 2= 0 v im A(- 1; 1).
Vit phng trnh ng trn (C) i qua A, O v tip xc d.
2. Mt lp hc c 33 hc sinh, trong c 7 n. Cn chia lp thnh 3 t, t 1 c
10 hc sinh, t 2 c 11 hc sinh v t 3 c 12 hc sinh sao cho trong mi t c t
nht 2 hc sinh n. Hi c bao nhiu cch chia nh vy ?
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh:
x x 1
3 3
log (3 1)log (3 3) 6
+
=
2. Cho hnh chp t gic u S.ABCD c cnh y bng a. Gi SH l ng cao
ca hnh chp. Khong cch t trung im I ca SH n mt bn (SBC) bng b.
Tnh th tch khi chp S.ABCD.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
31
S 29

Cu I: Cho hm s
3
1
x
y
x
+
=
(C)
1. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s cho.
2. Cho im
0 0 0
( ; ) M x y thuc (C). Tip tuyn ca (C) ti
0 0 0
( ; ) M x y ct cc tim
cn ca (C) ti cc im A, B. Chng minh
0 0 0
( ; ) M x y l trung im AB.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
3 2
4sin x 4sin x 3sin2x 6cosx 0 + + + =
2. Gii phng trnh:
2
x +2 7 - x =2 x - 1 + - x 8 7 +1 ( ) x x R + e
Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho A(1; 2; 0), B(0; 4; 0), C(0; 0; 3)
1. Vit phng trnh ng thng i qua O v vung gc vi mf(ABC).
2. Vit phng trnh mt phng (P) cha OA, sao cho khong cch t B n (P)
bng khong cch t C n (P).
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
2
1
I (x 2) lnxdx =
}

2. Gii hphng trnh:
2 2
ln(1 ) ln(1 )
( , )
12 20 0
x y x y
x y R
x xy y
+ + =
e
+ =

Cu Va:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy lp phng trnh chnh tc ca elip (E) c di trc ln
bng 4 2, cc nh trn trc nh v cc tiu im ca (E) cng thuc mt ng
trn.
2. T cc ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 c th lp c bao nhiu s t nhin chn c 5
ch s khc nhau v mi s lp nn u nh hn 2500 ?
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh:
2 4 2
1
2(log x 1)l og x log 0
4
+ + =
2. Cho hnh lp phng ABCD.A'B'C'D' c cnh bng a v im K thuc cnh
CC' sao cho
2
3
CK a = . Mt phng ( ) i qua A, K v song song vi BD, chia
khi lp phng thnh hai khi a din. Tnh th tch ca hai khi a din .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
32
S 30

Cu I: Cho hm s
2
x 4x 3
y
x 2
+ +
=

1. Kho st v v th hm s.
2. Chng minh rng tch cc khong cch t mt im bt k trn th hm s
n cc ng tim cn ca n l hng s.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
1 1
sin2x sinx 2cotg2x
2sinx sin2x
+ =
2. Tm m phng trnh:
( )
2
m x 2x 2 1 x(2 x) 0(2) + + + s c nghim x
0;1 3
(
e +

Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho hai im A (-1;3;-2), B (-3;7;-18) v mt
phng (P): 2x - y +z +1 =0
1. Vit phng trnh mt phng cha AB v vung gc vi mp (P).
2. Tm ta im M e (P) sao cho MA +MB nh nht.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
4
0
2x 1
I dx
1 2x 1
+
=
+ +
}

2. Gii h phng trnh:
) R y , x (
1 3 2 y 2 y y
1 3 2 x 2 x x
1 x 2
1 y 2
e
+ = + +
+ = + +

Cu Va:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng trn (C) : x
2
+y
2
= 1. ng trn (C') tm I
(2; 2) ct (C) ti cc im A, B sao cho AB 2 = . Vit phng trnh ng thng
AB.
2. C bao nhiu s t nhin chn ln hn 2007 m mi s gm 4 ch s khc
nhau ?
Cu Vb:
2
x 4 2
(log 8 log x )log 2x 0 + >
2. Cho lng tr ng ABCA
1
B
1
C
1
c AB = a, AC = 2a, AA
1
2a 5 = v
o
120 BAC =
.
. Gi M l trung im ca cnh CC
1
. Chng minh MBMA
1
v tnh
khong cch d t im A ti mt phng (A
1
BM).

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
33
S 31

Cu I: Cho hm s
m
y x m (Cm)
x 2
= + +

1. Kho st v v th hm s vi m = 1.
2. Tm m th (Cm) c cc tr ti cc im A, B sao cho ng thng AB i
qua gc ta O.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
2cos x 2 3 si n x cosx 1 3(si n x 3 cosx) + + = +
2. Gii h phng trnh
4 3 2 2
3 2
x x y x y 1
x y x xy 1
+ =
+ =

Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho cc im A(2,0,0); B(0,4,0); C(2,4,6) v
ng thng (d)
6x 3y 2z 0
6x 3y 2z 24 0
+ =
+ + =

1. Chng minh cc ng thng AB v OC cho nhau.
2. Vit phng trnh ng thng A // (d) v ct cc ng AB, OC.
Cu IV:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho hnh phng (H) gii hn bi cc ng
2
x y 4 = v y
=x. Tnh th tch vt th trn trong khi quay (H) quanh trc Ox trn mt vng.
2. Cho x, y, z l cc bin s dng. Tm gi tr nh nht ca biu thc:

| |
| = + + + + + + + +
|
\ .
3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3
2 2 2
x y z
P 4(x y ) 4(y z ) 4(z x ) 2
y z x

Cu Va:
1. Trong mt phng Oxy cho tam gic ABC c trng tm G(2, 0) bit phng
trnh cc cnh AB, AC theo th t l 4x +y +14 =0; 0 2 y 5 x 2 = + . Tm ta
cc nh A, B, C.
2. Trn cc cnh AB, BC, CD, DA ca hnh vung ABCD ln lt cho 1, 2, 3 v n
im phn bit khc A, B, C, D. Tm n bit s tam gic c ba nh ly t n + 6
im cho l 439.
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh
4 2
2x 1
1 1
l og (x 1) l og x 2
l og 4 2
+
+ = + +
2. Cho hnh chp SABC c gc ( )
o
60 ABC , SBC =
.
, ABC v SBC l cc tam gic
u cnh a. Tnh theo a khong cch t nh B n mp(SAC).

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
34
S 32

Cu I: Cho hm s y = 2x
3
+6x
2
5
1. Kho st v v th hm s (C).
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C), bit tip tuyn i qua A(1, 13).
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
x 3
cos 2
4 2
x
cos
4 2
x 5
si n = |
.
|
\
| t
|
.
|
\
| t

2. Tm m phng trnh: m x 1 x
4 2
= + c nghim.
Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho cc im A(3; 5; 5); B(5; 3; 7) v mt
phng (P): x + y + z = 0
1. Tm giao im I ca ng thng AB vi mt phng (P).
2. Tm im M e (P) sao cho MA
2
+MB
2
nh nht.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng thng y = 0 v
( )
1 x
x 1 x
y
2
+
= .
2. Chng minh rng h
=
1 x
x
2007 e
1 y
y
2007 e
2
y
2
x
c ng 2 nghim tha mn iu kin
x >0, y >0

Cu Va:
1. Tm x, y e N tha mn h
= +
= +
66 C A
22 C A
2
x
3
y
3
y
2
x

2. Cho ng trn (C): x
2
+y
2
8x + 6y + 21 = 0 v ng thng d: 0 1 y x = + .
Xc nh ta cc nh hnh vung ABCD ngoi tip (C) bit A e d

Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh ( ) ( ) 2 1 x 2 l og 1 x l og
3
2
3
= +
2. Cho hnh chp SABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung tm O, SA vung gc vi
y hnh chp. Cho AB =a, SA =a 2 . Gi H v K ln lt l hnh chiu ca A
ln SB, SD. Chng minh SC (AHK) v tnh th tch hnh chp OAHK.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
35
S 33

Cu I: Cho hm s
x 2
m
1 x y
+ + = (C
m
)
1. Kho st v v th hm s vi m = 1
2. Tm m th (C
m
) c cc i ti im A sao cho tip tuyn vi (C
m
) ti A ct
trc Oy ti B m AOBA vung cn.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: gx cot tgx
x si n
x 2 cos
x cos
x 2 si n
= +
2. Tm m phng trnh : 0 1 x m x 13 x
4 4
= + + c ng 1 nghim
Cu III: Trong khng gian Oxyz cho cc im A(2;0;0); M(0;3;6)
1. Chng minh rng mt phng (P): x + 2y 9 =0 tip xc vi mt cu tm M,
bn knh MO. Tm ta tip im.
2. Vit phng trnh mt phng (Q) cha A, M v ct cc trc Oy, Oz ti cc im
tng ng B, C sao cho V
OABC
=3.
Cu IV:
1. Trong mt phng ta Oxy, tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi cc ng
y =x
2
v
2
x 2 y = .
2. Gii h phng trnh:
+ =
+
+
+ =
+
+
x y
9 y 2 y
xy 2
y
y x
9 x 2 x
xy 2
x
2
3 2
2
3 2

Cu Va:
1. Tm h s ca x
8
trong khai trin (x
2
+2)
n
, bit: 49 C C 8 A
1
n
2
n
3
n
= + .
2. Cho ng trn (C): x
2
+y
2
2x +4y +2 =0. Vit phng trnh ng trn
(C') tm M(5, 1) bit (C') ct (C) ti cc im A, B sao cho 3 AB = .
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh: ( ) 1
x l og 1
4
3 l og x l og 2
3
x 9 3
=

2. Trong mt phng (P) cho na ng trn ng knh AB = 2R v im C thuc
na ng trn sao cho AC = R. Trn ng thng vung gc vi (P) ti A ly
im S sao cho ( )
o
60 SBC , SAB =
.
. Gi H, K ln lt l hnh chiu ca A trn SB,
SC. Chng minh AAHK vung v tnh V
SABC
?

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
36
S 34
Cu I: Cho hm s
1 x 2
1 x
y
+
+
= (C)
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C), bit rng tip tuyn i qua giao im
ca ng tim cn v trc Ox.
Cu II: 1. Gii phng trnh: 1 x cos
12
x si n 2 2 = |
.
|
\
| t

2. Tm m phng trnh: m 5 4 x 6 x 4 x 2 3 x = + + c ng
2 nghim
Cu III: Cho ng thng d:
1
1 z
1
2 y
2
3 x
+
=
+
=
v mt phng (P):
0 2 z y x = + + +
1. Tm giao im M ca d v (P).
2. Vit phng trnh ng thng A nm trong (P) sao cho A d v khong cch
t M n A bng 42 .
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
( )
}

=
1
0
2
dx
4 x
1 x x
I
2. Cho a, b l cc s dng tha mn ab +a +b =3.
Chng minh:
2
3
b a
b a
ab
1 a
b 3
1 b
a 3
2 2
+ + s
+
+
+
+
+
.
Cu Va:
1. Chng minh vi mi n nguyn dng lun c
( ) ( ) ( )
2 1
0 1 2 1
1 ... 2 1 1 0
n n
n n
n n n n
nC n C C C

+ + + = .
2. Trong mt phng Oxy cho im A(2, 1) ly im B thuc trc Ox c honh
x > 0 v im C thuc trc Oy c trung y > 0 sao cho AABC vung ti A. Tm
B, C sao cho din tch AABC ln nht.
Cu Vb:
1. Gii bt phng trnh: ( )
2
2
1 2
2
1 1
log 2x 3x 1 log x 1
2 2
+ + > .
1
B
1
C
1
c y ABC l tam gic vung a AC AB = = ,
AA
1
=a 2 . Gi M, N ln lt l trung im ca on AA
1
v BC
1
. Chng minh
MN l ng vung gc chung ca cc ng thng AA
1
v BC
1
. Tnh
1 1
BC MA
V .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
37
S 35
Cu I: Cho hm s
1 x
x
y
= (C)
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn d ca (C) sao cho d v hai tim cn ca (C) ct
nhau to thnh mt tam gic cn.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: (1 tgx)(1 +sin2x) =1 +tgx
2. Tm m h phng trnh :
= +
=
1 xy x
0 m y x 2
c nghim duy nht
Cu III: Cho mt phng (P): x 2y +2z 1 = 0 v cc ng thng:

2
z
3
3 y
2
1 x
: d
1
=
v
5
5 z
4
y
6
5 x
: d
2
+
= =

1. Vit phng trnh mt phng (Q) cha d
1
v (Q) (P).
2. Tm cc im M e d
1
, N e d
2
sao cho MN//(P) v cch (P) mt khong bng 2.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
}
t
=
2
0
2
xdx cos x I
2. Gii phng trnh:
x
x
2
2 x 1
x
1 2
l og + =
.
Cu Va:
1. T cc ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 c th lp c bao nhiu s t nhin chn m
mi s gm 4 ch s khc nhau.
2. Trong mt phng Oxy cho cc im A(0, 1) B(2, 1) v cc ng thng:
d
1
: (m 1)x +(m 2)y +2 m =0
d
2
: (2 m)x +(m 1)y +3m 5 =0
Chng minh d
1
v d
2
lun ct nhau. Gi P = d
1
d
2
. Tm m sao cho PB PA + ln
nht
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh: 0 2 2 . 7 2 . 7 2
x x 2 1 x 3
= +
+
.
1
B
1
C
1
c tt c cc cnh u bng a. M l trung im
ca on AA
1
. Chng minh BM B
1
C v tnh d(BM, B
1
C).

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
38
S 36

PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH
Cu I (2im)
Cho hm s y =x
3
+3mx
2
+(m +1)x +1 (1), m l tham s thc
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1) khi m =- 1.
2. Tm cc gi tr ca m tip tuyn ca th hm s (1) ti im c honh
x =-1 i qua A(1; 2).
Cu II (2im).
1. Gii phng trnh: tanx cotx =4cos
2
2x

2. Gii phng trnh :
2
(2x - 1)
2x +1 + 3 - 2x =
2

Cu III (2im). Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho hai ng thng:

1 2
5x - 6y - 6z +13 =0
x - 3 y - 3 z - 3
d: = = , d :
x - 6y +6z - 7 =0 2 2 1

1. Chng minh d
1
v d
2
ct nhau.
2. Gi I l giao im ca d
1
v d
2
. Tm cc im A, B ln lt thuc d
1
, d
2
sao
cho tam gic IAB cn ti I v c din tch bng
41
42
.
Cu IV (2im)
1. Tnh tch phn
3
3
1
2
2 2
xdx
I
x
=
+
}
.
2. Gii phng trnh:
sin x -
4
e =tanx
| |
|
\ .

PHN RING - TH SINH CH C LM 1 TRONG 2 CU: V.a HOC V.b
Cu V.a. Theo chng trnh KHNG phn ban (2 im)
1. Cho tp hp E = {0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 7}. Hi c bao nhiu s t nhin chn gm
4 ch s khc nhau c thnh lp t cc ch s ca E.
2. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho tam gic ABC vi ng cao k t nh B v
ng phn gic trong gc A ln lt c phng trnh 3x +4y +10 =0 v x - y +
1 =0, im M(0; 2) thuc ng thng AB ng thi cch C mt khong bng
2 . Tm to cc nh ca tam gic ABC.
Cu V.b. Theo chng trnh phn ban (2 im)
1. Gii bt phng trnh logarit
1 2
2
2x +3
log log 0
x +1
| |
>
|
\ .
.
2. Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y ABC vung cn ti nh B, BA = BC = 2a, hnh
chiu vung gc ca S trn mt phng y (ABC) l trung im E ca AB v SE =
2a. Gi I, J ln lt l trung im ca EC, SC; M l im di ng trn tia i ca
tia BA sao cho
0
ECM = ( < 90 ) v H l hnh chiu vung gc ca S trn MC.
Tnh th tch ca khi t din EHIJ theo a, v tm th tch ln nht.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
39
S 37

Cu I (2im). Cho hm s y = x
4
- 8x
2
+7 (1)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s (1).
2. Tm cc gi tr thc ca tham s m ng thng y = mx - 9 tip xc vi
th hm s (1).
Cu II (2im)
1. Gii phng trnh
2
sin 2x - =sin x - +
4 4 2
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
.
2. Gii phng trnh
2
2
1 3
1
1
1
x
x
x
+ >

.
Cu III (2im)
Trong khng gian Oxyz cho mt phng (P): 2x + 3y - 3z + 1 = 0, ng thng d:
3 5
2 9 1
x y z +
= = v 3 im A(4; 0; 3), B(- 1; - 1; 3), C(3; 2; 6).
1. Vit phng trnh mt cu (S) i qua ba im A, B, C v c tm thuc mf(P).
2. Vit phng trnh mt phng (Q) cha ng thng d v ct mt cu (S) theo
mt ng trn c bn knh ln nht.

Cu IV (2im). 1. Tnh tch phn
2
0
sin2xdx
I =
3 +4sinx - cos2x
}
.
2. Chng minh phng trnh 4
x
(4x
2
+1) =1c ng ba nghim
thc phn bit.


1. Tm h s ca s hng cha x
5

trong khai trin nh thc Newton ca (1 + 3x)
2n

, bit rng
3 2
n n
A +2A =100(n l s nguyn dng)
2. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng trn (C): x
2
+y
2
=1. Tm tt c cc gi tr
thc m trn ng thng y = m tn ti ng hai im m t mi im c th k
c 2 tip tuyn vi (C) sao cho gc gia hai tip tuyn bng 60
o
.
1. Gii phng trnh
3
1 6
3 log 9
log
x
x
x x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
.
2. Cho hnh chp S.ABC m mi mt bn l mt tam gic vung, SA = SB = SC
=a. Gi M, N, E ln lt l trung im ca cc cnh AB, AC, BC; D l im i
xng ca S qua E; I l giao im ca ng thng AD vi mf(SMN). Chng minh
rng AD vung gc vi SI v tnh theo a th tch ca khi t din MBSI.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
40
S 38

Cu I (2im). Cho hm s
3 2
y =x - 3x - 3m(m +2)x - 1 (1), m l tham s thc
2. Tm cc gi tr ca m hm s (1) c hai cc tr cng du.
Cu II (2im)
1. Gii phng trnh
1
2sin x + - sin 2x - =
3 6 2
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
.
2. Gii phng trnh 10x +1 + 3x - 5 = 9x +4 + 2x - 2.
Cu III (2im)
Trong khng gian Oxyz cho ng thng d

1
c phng trnh :
x - 3 y z +5
= =
2 9 1

v hai im A(5; 4; 3), B(6; 7; 2)
1. Vit phng trnh ng thng d

2
qua 2 im A, B. Chng minh rng hai
ng thng d

1
v d

2
cho nhau.
2. Tm im C thuc d

1
sao cho tam gic ABC c din tch nh nht. Tnh gi tr
nh nht .
Cu IV (2im)
1. Tnh
2
0
x +1
I = dx
4x +1
}
.
2. Cho 3 s dng x, y, z tho mn h thc
yz
x +y +z =
3x
. Chng minh rng

2 3 - 3
x (y +z)
6
s .

1. Cho s nguyn n tho mn ng thc
3 3
n n
A +C
=35
(n - 1)(n - 2)
(n 3 > ). Tnh tng

2 2 2 3 n 2 n
n n n
S =2 C - 3C +... +(-1) n C
2. Trong mt phng Oxy, cho tam gic ABC vi AB = 5, C(- 1; - 1), ng
thng AB c phng trnh x +2y - 3 =0 v trng tm ca tam gic ABC thuc
ng thng x +y - 2 =0. Hy tm to cc nh A v B.
1. Gii phng trnh
2 1
2
2log 2 2 log 9 1 1 x x + + =
2. Cho hnh chp ABCD c y ABCD l hnh vung c cnh bng a, SA = a 3
v SA vung gc vi mt phng y. Tnh theo a th tch khi t din S.ACD v
tnh cosin ca gc gia hai ng thng SB, AC.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
41
S 39

2
x +(3m - 2)x +1 - 2m
y =
x +2
(1), m l tham s thc
2. Tm cc gi tr m hm s (1) ng bin trn tng khong xc nh ca n.
Cu II (2im)
1. Gii phng trnh
2
x
3sinx +cos2x +sin2x =4sinxcos
2

2. Gii h phng trnh
( )
3
4
x - 1 - y =8 - x
x - 1 =y

Cu III (2im). Trong khng gian Oxyz cho 3 im A(1; 0; - 1), B(2; 3; - 1);,
C(1; 3; 1) v ng thng d:
1 0
4
x y
x y z
+ =
+ + =

1. Tm to im D thuc ng thng d sao cho th tch khi t din ABCD
bng 1.
2. Vit phng trnh tham s ca ng thng i qua trc tm H ca tam gic
ABc v vung gc vi mf(ABC).
Cu IV (2im)
1. Tnh tch phn
1 3
2
0
x dx
I =
4 - x
}
.
2. Cho s nguyn n( n > 2) v hai s thc khng m x, y. Chng minh:

n n n+1 n+1
n n+1
x +y x +y >
.
1. Chng minh rng vi n l s nguyn dng

n 0 n - 1 1 0 n n +1
n n n
2 C 2 C 2 C 3 - 1
+ +... + =
n +1 n 1 2(n +1)
.
2. Trong mt phng Oxycho hai im A(3; 0), B(0; 4). Chng minh rng ng
trn ni tip tam gic OAB tip xc vi ng trn i qua trung im cc cnh
ca tam gic OAB.
1. Gii phng trnh
2x +1 2x +1 x
3 - 2 - 5.6 0 s .
2. Cho t din ABCD c cc mt ABC v ABD l cc tam gic u cnh a, cc
m ACD v BCD vung gc vi nhau. Hy tnh theo a th tch ca khi t din
ABCD v tnh s o ca gc gia hai nng thng AD v BC.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
42
S 40

3 1
1
x
y
x
+
=
+
(1)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s
3 1
1
x
y
x
+
=
+
(1)
2. Tnh din tch ca tam gic to bi cc trc to v tip tuyn vi th
hm s (1) ti im M(-2; 5).
Cu II (2im)
1. Gii phng trnh
4 4
4(sin x +cos x) +cos4x +sin2x =0.
2. Gii phng trnh
2 2
( 1)( 3) 2 3 2 ( 1) x x x x x + + + < .
Cu III (2im). Trong khng gian Oxyz cho mt phng ( ) : 2x - y +2z +1 =0
v ng thng
d:
x - 1 y - 1 z
= =
1 2 - 2

1. Tm to giao im ca d vi ( ) ; tnh sin ca gc gia d v ( ) .
2. Vit phng trnh mt cu c tm thuc d v tip xc vi hai mt phng ( ) v
Oxy.
Cu IV (2im)
1. Tnh
1
2x
2
0
x
I = xe - dx
4 - x
| |
|
\ .
}

2. Cho cc s thc x, y tha 0 ,
3
x y

s s . Chng minh rng:
cosx +cosy s 1 +cos(xy)
1. Chng minh rng vi n l s nguyn dng, ta c:

n - 1 2 n - 2 n n n - 1
n n n
2C +2 C +... +n.2 C =2n.3

2. Trong mt phng Oxy cho ng trn (C): (x - 4)
2

+y
2

= 4 v im E(4; 1).
Tm to im M trn trc tung sao cho t M k c hai tip tuyn MA, MB
n ng trn (C) vi A, B l cc tip im sao cho ng thng AB qua E.
1. Gii bt phng trnh
2 2
2x - 4x - 2 2x - x - 1
2 - 16.2 - 2 0 s .
2. Cho t din ABCD v cc im M, N, P ln lt thuc cc cnh BC, BD, AC sao
cho BC =4BM, AC =3AP, BD =2BN. Mt phng (MNP) ct AD ti Q. Tnh t s
AQ
AD
v t s th tch hai phn ca khi t din ABCD c phn chia bi mt phng
(MNP).

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
43
S 41

I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH (7, 0 im)
Cu I. (2 im)
Cho hm s y =- x
3

- 3x
2

+mx - 4, trong m l tham s thc, (1).
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1) cho, vi m = 0.
2. Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s (1) cho ng bin trn
khong (0; 2)
Cu II. (2 im)
1. Gii phng trnh
2
2
tan tanx 2
sin
tan 1 2 4
x
x
x
+ | |
= +
|
+
\ .

2. Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m phng trnh
2 4
2 4 1 x x x m + + + =
c ng mt nghim thc.
Cu III. (2 im)
Trong khng gian Oxyz, cho im A(5; 5; 0) v ng thng d:

1 1 7
2 3 4
x y z + +
= =

1. Tm ta im A' i xng vi im A qua ng thng d.
2. Tm ta cc im B, C thuc d sao cho tam gic ABC vung ti C v
BC = 29
Cu IV. (2 im)
1. Tnh tch phn
1
2
0
( 1) .
x
I x x e dx = + +
}

2. Gii h phng trnh
2 2
2 2
2 2
36 60 25 0
36 60 25 0
36 60 25 0
x y x y
y z y z
z y z x
+ =
+ =
+ =

II. PHN RING. Th sinh ch c lm 1 trong 2 cu: V.a hoc V.b
1. C bao nhiu s t nhin gm 4 ch s khc nhau m mi s u ln hn
2500.
2. Trong mt phng Oxy, tm ta cc nh ca tam gic ABC bit rng ng
thng AB, ng cao k t A v trung tuyn k t B ln lt c phng trnh l
x +4y - 2 =0, 2x - 3y +7 =0, 2x +3y - 9 =0.

1. Gii phng trnh
( ) ( )
5 1 2 5 1 3.2.
x x
x
+ + = .
2. Cho hnh chp S.ABC c y ABC l tam gic vung cn nh B, AB = a, SA
=2a v SA vung gc vi mt phng y. Mt phng qua A vung gc SC ct SB,
SC ln lt ti H, K. Tnh theo a th tch khi t din SAHK.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
44

PHN TH HAI

HNG DN GII

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
45
S 1

Cu I:
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s khi m =8. (Hc sinh t gii).
2. Xc nh, th hm s ct trc honh ti 4 im phn bit.
Bi ton quy v xc nh m phng trnh
x
4
- mx
2
+m - 1 =0
c 4 nghim phn bit.
t
2
- mt +m - 1 =0 (t =x
2
) c 2 nghim t
1
, t
2
dng phn bit.
( ) ( )
2
2
4 1 2 0 m m m A = = >

2 2
4( 1) 0 ( 2) 0
2
0 0
1
1 0 1
m m m
m
S m S m
m
P m P m
A = > A = >
=
= > = >

>

= > = >

Cu II:
1. Bt phng trnh
( ) ( )
2 1
1 1
2 2
log 4 4 log 2 3.2
x x x +
+ >
2 1
2 3.2 4 4 2.4 3.2 4 4 4 3.2 4 0
2 1
2
2 4
x x x x x x x x
x
x
x
+
> + > + >
s
>
>

2. 2(sin
4
x +cos
4
x) +cos4x +2sin2x +m =0 (1)
2(1 - 2sin
2
xcos
2
x) +cos4x +2sin2x +m =0
3 +m - 3sin
2
2x +2sin2x =0
3t
2
- 2t - (m +3) =0; t =sin2x (2)
Vi 0 0 2 0 1
2
x x t
s s s s s s , nhn mi gi tr thuc on
[0;1].
phng trnh (1) c t nht mt nghim thuc
on 0;
2
(
(

, iu kin cn v l phng trnh (2)
c nht mt nghim t e[0;1]
3t
2
- 2t =m +3 c t nht mt nghim t e [0; 1].
t f(t) =3t
2
- 2t (0s t s 1)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
46
V d th (C) ca hm
y =f(t) (0 s t s 1).
f
1 1
3 3
| |
=
|
\ .

T th suy ra, phng trnh
3t
2
- 2t =m +3 c t nht mt nghim
t e [0; 1], iu kin cn v l:

1 10
3 1 2
3 3
m m s + s s s
Cu III:
1. K AH BC, AO SH. V SA (ABC), BC AH nn BC SH. T BC
(SAH), suy ra BC AO. Do AO (ABC). V vy AO l khong cch t A
n (SAB). AABC u nn AH =
3
2
a
. SA (ABC) nn SA (ABC) nn SA
AH. Do ASAH vung ti A. Ta c:

2 2 2
1 1 1
AO AH SA
= +
2 2 2
4 2 2
3 3 a a a
= + =

2
2
a
AO =
2. Tnh tch phn
3 1
2
0
1
x
I dx
x
= }
+

Cch 1. t u = x
2
+1 du =2xdx
3 1
2
0
1
x
I dx
x
= }
+
= ( )
2 2
1 1
1 (u - 1) 1 1 1
du 1 - du 1 ln2
2 u 2 u 2
| |
= =
|
\ .
} }

Cch 2. t x =tant dx =
2
os
dt
c t

3 4 4 4
3
2 2 2
0 0 0
tan t dt 1
I = . = tan t.dt = tant - 1 dt
1 + tan t cos t cos t
| |
|
\ .
} } }

( )

2 4 4
4
4
0
0 0 0
sintdt tg t
= tant.d tant - = + ln cost
cost 2
} }

( )
1 1 1 1 1 1
= +1n - 1n1 = + 1n = 1 - 1n2
2 2 2 2 2 2
.
Cu IV:
y
1
y =m+3
2
3

1
3

x
O
1
B
H
C
O
A
S
a
Hnh 13
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
47
1. To giao im ca (C
1
) v (C
2
) l nghim ca h:

2 2
2 2 2 2
7 10 0 10 0
10 0 4 2 20 0
x y x y x
x y x x y x y
= + =

+ = + + =

Rt y t phng trnh u, th vo phng trnh th 2 ta c.
x
2
+(7x - 10)
2
- 10x =0 x
2
- 3x +2 =0 x =1, x =2.
Vi x =1 ta c y =-3
Vi x =2 ta c y =4
Vy 2 giao im ca (C
1
) v (C
2
) l A
1
(1;-3) A
2
(2;4).
Trung im A ca A
1
A
2
c to A
3 1
;
2 2
| |
|
\ .
. Ta c ( )
1 2
1;7 A A =
. ng thng
qua A vung gc vi A
1
A
2
c phng trnh

3 1
1.3 7 0
2 2
x y
| | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

hay: x +7y - 5 =0
To tm I ca ng trn cn tm l nghim ca h:

7 5 0
6 6 0
x y
x y
+ =
+ =
(12; 1) I
ng trn cn tm c bn knh:
R =IA
2
= ( ) ( )
2 2
2 12 4 1 125 + + =
Vy ng trn cn tm c phng trnh:
(x- 12)
2
+(y +1)
2
=125
2. Ta c:
(C
1
): (x - 5)
2
+y
2
=5
2

(C
2
): (x +2)
2
+(y - 1)
2
=5
2

(C
1
) c tm I
1
(5; 0) bn knh 5
(C
2
) c tm I
2
(-2; 1) bn knh 5
(C
1
) v (C
2
) ct nhau nn ch c hai tip tuyn ngoi.
Ta c ( )
1 2
7;1 I I =
. Do d ng thng I
1
I
2
c phng trnh:
1. (x +2) +7 (y - 1) =0
hay: x +7y - 5 =0
Do tip tuyn chung ca (C
1
) v (C
2
) c phng trnh dng:
x +7y +d =0
Khong cch t I
1
n tip tuyn l
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
48

2 2
5
5 5 25 2 5 25 2 5 25 2
1 7
d
d d d
+
= + = + = = +
+

Vy cc tip tuyn phi tm l:
x +7y - 5 +25 2 =0
x +7y - 5 - 25 2 =0
Cu V:
1. Gii phng trnh
2
4 4 2 12 2 16 x x x x + + = +
iu kin: x - 4 > 0 x > 4.
Vi iu kin x > 4, phng trnh tng ng vi
( ) ( ) 4 4 4 4 12 2 4. 4 x x x x x x + + = + + + +

( )
2
4 4 4 4 12 x x x x + + = + + (1)
t 4 4 0 x x t t + + = >
Phng trnh (1) t
2
- t - 12 =0
4
3
t
t
=

t =4 4 4 4 x x + + = (1)

2
2 2 16 16
4
x x
x
+ =
>

2
16 8 x x =

2 2
4 8
16 64 16
x
x x x
s s
= +
x =5
2. Tng s cch chn 8 hc sinh t 18 em ca i tuyn l

8
18
18.17.16.15.14.13.12.11
43758
8.7.6.5.4.3.2.
C = =
Tng s cch trn c phn lm hai b phn ri nhau:
B phn I gm cc cch chn t i tuyn ra 8 em sao cho mi khi u
c em c chn (s cch phi tm).
B phn II gm cc cch chn t i tuyn ra 8 em ch gm hai khi (lu
l s em thuc mi khi u t hn 8 nn khng c cch chn no c 8 em thuc
cng cng mt khi).
Ring b phn II c th phn tch thnh 3 loi:
8 em c chn t khi 12 hoc khi 11: C
8
13
C cch chn
( )
5
13
C =
8
12
C cch chn
( )
4
12
C =
(loi)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
49
8
11
C cch chn
( )
3
11
C =
S cch phi tm s l:

( )
8 5 4 3
18 13 12 11
43758 1947 41811 C C C C + + = = (cch).
Cu VI.
Ta c:

2 2 2
2 2 2 2
a b c a b c
a b c
R R R R
+ +
= + +
=a sinA +b sinB +c sinC =
2 2 2 S S S
a b c
bc ca ab
+ +
=2S
a b c
bc ca ab
| |
+ +
|
\ .

Mt khc 2S =ax +by +xy +cz. Do :
( )
2 2 2
ax
2
a b c a b c
by cz
R bc ca ab
+ + | |
= + + + +
|
\ .

Ta c, theo bt ng thc Bunhicpski:

( ) ( )
( )
2
1 1 1 1 1 1
ax ax+by+cz
2 2 2
b c c a a b
by cz
a c b b a c c b a a b c
x y z
( | | | | | | | |
+ + + + + + + > + +
| | | | (
\ . \ . \ . \ .

> + +

Suy ra:
2 2 2
2
a b c
x y z
R
+ +
+ + s (1)
Theo di phn chng minh trn, ta thy du "=" trong (1) xy ra khi v ch
khi:

2
b c c a a b
c b a c b a
a x b y c z
+ = + = + =
= =

a b c
x y z
= =
= =

AABC u
M trng vi trng tm G ca tam gic ABC.
Nhn xt: Cng c th c lng:
1 1 1 a b c
bc ca ab a b c
+ + > + + nh p dng
bt ng thc Csi cho mi cp s hng v tri:

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
50

2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
.2 .2 .2
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
a b c a c c a
bc ca ab bc ab ab bc c a b
a b c
| | | |
+ + = + + + > + +
| |
\ . \ .
= + +
C
ch 2: C th lm cch khc nh sau:

1 1 1
. ax . x y z by cz
a b c
+ + = + + s
2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1
(ax ) .2
2
2 2
abc
by cz S
a b c a b c a b c R
ab bc ca a b c
R R
| | | | | |
s + + + + = + + = + +
| | |
\ . \ . \ .
+ + + +
= s

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
51
S 2
Cu I:
1. Tm n e N* tho mn bt phng trnh
3 2
2 9
n
n n
A C n
+ s
iu kin: n e N*, n > 3.
Bt phng trnh n(n - 1) (n - 2) +
2
2 9
n
C n s
n(n - 1) (n - 2) +n(n - 1) s 9
(n - 1)(n - 2) +n - 1 s 9

2
2 8 0
3 4( *)
n n
n n N
s
s s e

Kt hp iu kin n > 3 suy ra n =3 hoc n =4.
2. Phng trnh ( ) ( )
8
4 2
2
1 1
log 3 log 1 log (4 )
2 4
x x x + + =
iu kin:
0
1
x
x
>

Phng trnh
8
4 2
2
1 1
log ( 3) log ( 1) log (4 )
2 4
x x x + + =

2 2 2
log ( 3) log 1 log (4 )
( 3). 1 4
x x x
x x x
+ + =
+ =

i. Nu x >1, phng trnh (x +3)( x -1) - 4x =0

2
2 3 0
3
1
x x
x
x
=
=
>

ii. Nu 0 <x <1, phng trnh (x +3)( 1 - x) - 4x =0

2
6 3 0
3 2 2
0 1
x x
x
x
+ =
= +
< <

p s: phng trnh c 2 nghim
3
3 2 3
x
x
=
= +

Cu II:
1.
2
2
2 2
x x m m
y x
x x
+
= = +

2
2 2
4 4
' 1
( 2) ( 2)
m x x m
y
x x
+
= =

hm s nghch bin trn on | | 1;0 , iu kin cn v l
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
52
| ' 0 [ 1;0 y x s e

| |
2
[ 1;0]
( ) 4 4 , 1;0
max ( ) ( 1) 9
g x x x m x
g x m g m m
= + s e
s s >

2. kho st v v th hm s khi m =1.
( Hc sinh t gii)
3. Phng trnh.

2 2
2
1 1 1 1
2
1 1
9 ( 2)3 2 1 0
2 1 ( 2)
(1)
3
t t
t
a a
X X a X
X
+ +
+
+ + + =
+ =

Do
2
1 1 1 2, t t s + s m 1 - t
2
>0. Suy ra min gi tr ca
2
1 1
3
t
X
+ +
= l on | | 3;9 .

2
2 1
(1)
2
3 9
X X
a
X
X
+
=
s s

T th v cu 2, hn ch trong on | | 3;9 suy ra, phng trnh c nghim,
iu kin cn v l:
64
4
7
a s s
* Ch : Bn c th thy th v hn, nu tm a phng trnh sau c nghim:

2 2
t + 1 - t t + 1 - t
9 - (a +2).3 +2a +1 =0
Cu III:
1. Gii phng trnh
4 4
sin os 1 1
cot2
5sin2 2 8sin2
x c x
x
x x
+
=
iu kin: sin2x = 0
Vi iu phng trnh:

2 2
1 2in cos 1 1
os2
5 2 8
x x
c x
=

2
9
os 2 5 os2 0
4
9
os2 1
2
2 6 2
1 3
cos2
2
c x c x
c x
x k
x

+ =
= >
= +

2. trong tam gic ABC h thc:
bsinC (bcosC +ccosB) =20
(loi)
6
x k
= +
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
53
4R
2
sinBsinC (sinBcosC +sinCcosB) =20
4R
2
sinBsinCsinA =20
M
3
2
8
sinAsin sin 2 sinAsin sin
4 4
abc R
S B C R B C
R R
= = =
Vy ta c: S =10 (n v din tch)

Cu IV:
1. cho gn, k hiu BC =a, AC =b,
AC =c, OA =x, OB =y, OC =z.
Theo gi thit ta c:

2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2
a y z
b x z
c x y
a b c
b c a
c a b
= +
= +
`
= +
)
< +
< +
< +

Suy ra, ABC l tam gic nhn, nn
trc tm H nm trong tam gic.
Gi AM, BK, CN l 3 ng cao
ca tam gic ABC.
Theo gi thit OA (OBC)
.
BC OA
BC OM
BC AM

`
)

Suy ra ZOMA = , ZOKB = ,ZONC =
Ta c: cos o =
OM
AM
.
Trong tam gic vung BOC ta c:
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1
OM OB OC y z
= + = +
Suy ra: OM
2
=
2 2
2 2
y z
y z +
OM =
2 2
yz
y z +

Trong tam gic vung AOM:
AM
2
=OA
2
+OM
2
=x
2
+
2 2
2 2
y z
y z +

B

C
O
A
N
A
K
H
|
o
Hnh 15
M
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
54

2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2
x y y z x z x y y z z x
AM AM
y z y z
+ + + +
= =
+ +

Vy, cos o =
2 2 2 2 2 2
OM yz
AM
x y y z z x
=
+ +

Lp lun tng t ta cng c:
cos | =
2 2 2 2 2 2
xz
x y y z z x + +

cos =
2 2 2 2 2 2
xy
x y y z z x + +

Suy ra, cos o +cos | +cos =
( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
2
3
1
3
xy yz xz xy yz xz
x y y z z x
xy yz xz
+ + + +
s =
+ +
+ +
(pcm)
Cch khc: cos o +cos | +cos =
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3( )
3
x y y z z x xy yz xz
x y y z z x x y y z z x
+ + + +
s =
+ + + +

2. a) (P) c vect php ( ) 1; 1;1 n =
. ng thng (d) qua A v (P) c phng

trnh:

1 3 2
1 1 1
x y z + + +
= =

Gi I l giao im ca (d) v (P), khi c to ca I l nghim ca h:

3 0
1 3 2
1 1 1
x y z
x y z
+ + =
+ + +
= =

Suy ra I(-2; -2; -3).
A' l im i xng ca A qua (P) e (d) v I l trung im ca AA'. Do A' c
to (x
o
; y
o
; z
o
)

0
1
2
2
x +
= ,
0
3
2
2
y +
= ,
0
2
3
2
z +
=
x
0
=-3; y

0
=-1, z
o
=4. Vy A' (-3; -1; -4).
b) ' BA
=(2; -8; -16) =2(1; -4; -8). BA' c phng trnh:

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
55

3 1 4
1 4 8
x y z + + +
= =

Gi M l giao im ca BA' vi (P) th to ca M l nghim ca h

( )
3 0
3 1 4
4;3;4
1 4 8
x y z
x y z
M
+ + =
+ + +
= =

Ta c: MA +MB =MA' +MB > A'B. Do MA + MB t gi tr nh nht khi
MA' + MB t gi tr nh nht bng A'B. Vy gi tr nh nht ca biu thc MA +
MB l A'B =
2 2 2
2 8 16 18 + + = , khi M l giao im ca ng thng A'B vi mt
phng (P).
Cu V:
Ta c: I =
( )
( )
( )
( ) ( )
1 3 1 3 1 3 3
2
3
3
2
0 0 0
1
1 1
1 1
x
n n n x
x x
x
d e
e dx
e d e
ex e
+
= = + +
+ +
} } }

=
( )
( ) ( )
1
1 3
2 1 1
1 3 0
2 2
0
1
2[ 1 1 ]
1
2
x n
x
n
x
e
e e
=
=
+
= + +

=
1 1
2 2
1 1
2 4 2 2 2 1
2 2
| |
| |
= =
|
|
\ .
\ .
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
56
S 3

Cu I:
1. a) Kho st v v th hm s khi m =
1
2
.
(Hc sinh t gii). Gi (C) l th hm s.
b) Vit phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) bit tip tuyn y song song vi ng
thng y =4x +2.
Ta c hm s y =
3 2
1 1 4
2
3 2 3
x x x + +
y' =x
2
+x - 2
Theo gi thit tip tuyn th phi tm c h s gc k =4. Vy c:

2 2
2 4 6 0
x
x x x
+
+ = =
1 1
2 2
2
2;
3
1
3;
6
x y
x y
= =
= =

Vy, c 2 tip tuyn tho mn iu kin bi.
Tip tuyn (d
1
): ( )
2 26
4 2 4
3 3
y x y x + = =
Tip tuyn (d
2
): ( )
1 73
4 3 4
6 6
y x y x = + = +
2. Do 0 <m <
5
6
nn:

1 1
(0) 2 0
3 3
y m = < <

8 1 5
(2) 2 4 2 0
3 3 3
y m m = + = <
Li c: y' =x
2
+2mx - 2
y" =2x +2m >0, x e [0; 2]
Suy ra th hm s
3 2
1 1
2 2
2 3
y x mx x m = + lm trn on [0; 2]. Kt hp
vi y(0) <0; y(2) <0 suy ra y <0, xe [0; 2].
Do :

2 2 2
2 3
0 0 0
1 1
2 2
3 3
S y dx ydx x mx x m dx
| |
= = = + =
|
\ .
} } }

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
57

4 3
2
2
3 1
2 0
12 3
x
x x
m x m x
| |
| |
= + + + =
| |
\ .
\ .

4 8 2 4 10
4 4
3 3 3 3 3
m
m m = + + + = +
Theo gi thit S =4 m =
1
2
(tho mn iu kin 0 <m <
5
6
)
Ch : Khng cn dng tnh "lm" ca th hm s trn [0; 2] chng minh y
<0, xe [0; 2] nh sau:

1 1
(0) 2 0
3 3
y m = < <

8 1 5
(2) 2 4 2 0
3 3 3
y m m = + = <
Li c: y' =x
2
+2mx - 2
y" =2x +2m >0, x e [0; 2]
Suy ra y' ng bin, lin tc trn [0; 2], vi tp gi tr [-2; 2 + 2m], nn i du
t m sang dng trn [0; 2]. Do hm s cho nghch bin ri chuyn sang
ng bin, lin tc trn [0; ]. ng thi vi g(0) < 0 v g(2) < 0, ta c pcm.
Cu II: Gii h phng trnh:

4 2
4 3 (1)
log log 0 (2)
x y
x y
+

iu kin:
4
2
log 0 1
log 0 1
x x
y y
> >

> >

Vi iu kin phng trnh (2) log
4
x =log
2
y
log
2
x =log
2
y
2
x =y
2

Phng trnh (1) y
2
- 4y +3 =0 (do y > 1)
y =1; y =3
x =1; x =9
Vy, phng trnh c hai nghim (1;1) v (9;3)
2. Phng trnh tg
4
x +1 =
( )
2
4
2 sin 2 sin3
os
x x
c x

iu kin: cos = 0 sinx = 1
Phng trnh sin
4
x +cos
4
x =(2 - sin
2
2x) sin3x
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
58

( )
2 2
1
1 sin 2 2 sin 2 sin3
2
x x x =

( )
2 2
2 sin 2 2 sin 2 .2sin3 x x x =
sin3x =
1
2
(d thy tho mn iu kin)

3 2
6
5
3 2
6
x k
x k
= +
= +

2
18 3
5 2
18 3
k
x
k
x

= +
= +
(ke Z)
Cu III:
1. K AH BE. Do SA (ABC) nn BE SH. Do SH l khong cch t S
n BE. Ko di BE ct AD ti M. E l trung im ca CD nn ED =
2 2
a AB
= D
l trung im ca AM AM =2a
AABM vung ti A ta c:
ASAH vung ti A ta c:
SH =
2
2 2 2
4 3 5
5 5
a a
SA AH a + = + =

a
B
C
E
D
M
S
A
a
H
Hnh 16
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
59
2. (d) l hnh chiu vung gc ca A trn (P) th (d) l giao tuyn ca (P) v mt
phng (Q) cha A v vung gc vi (P). rng, mt phng (Q) cha A c
phng trnh dng: ( ) ( ) 2 1 2 0 x y z x y z + + + + + + + = ,
2 2
0 + > (1)
Tht vy, tt c cc im M(x; y) thuc A u c ta tha:
2 1 0
2 0
x y z
x y z
+ + + =
+ + + =

v do tha (1).
(1) ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 2 x y z + + + + + + + ,
2 2
0 + >
suy ra (Q) c vct php tuyn ( ) 2 ; ;
Q
n = + + +

Do (Q) (P) nn ( ) ( ) ( ) . 0 4. 2 2 1 0 7 3 0
Q P
n n = + + + + = + =

Chn 3 = ta c 7 =
Vy, (Q) c phng trnh x +4y +4z +11 =0
Nh th, (d) l giao ca hai mt phng:

4 2 1 0
4 4 11 0
x y z
x y z
+ =
+ + + =

(d) c vc t ch phng [ , ]
P Q
a n n =

=(4; 5; -6), trong ,
P
n
=(4; - 2; 1),
Q
n
=(1; 4;
4) v i qua im (1; 0; - 3).
T , suy ra phng trnh (d):
1 3
4 5 6
x y z +
= =

Cch 2. (d) l hnh chiu vung gc ca A trn (P) th (d) l giao tuyn ca (P) v
mt phng (Q) cha A v vung gc vi (P). Mt phng (Q) i qua M
o
(1; -3; 0) l
mt im thuc A v c cp ch phng gm mt vc t l vc t ch phng ca
A, mt vc t l vc t php tuyn ca (P).

1 2 1 2
(2;1;1), (1;1;1) [ , ] (0; 1;1) n n n n = = =

Vc t ch phng ca A l (0, 1;1) a
A
=
.
Suy ra, vc t php tuyn ca (Q) l [ , ]
Q P
n a n
A
=

=(1; 4; 4).
Vy phng trnh (Q): 1(x - 1) +4(y +3) +4z =0 x +4y +4z +11 =0.
Cch 3. Trn (A) chn im M
o
no chng hn M
o
(1; -3; 0). Gi H l hnh
chiu ca M
0
trn (P). Gi I l giao im ca (A) vi (P). Suy ra phng trnh
ng thng IH chnh l phng trnh hnh chiu ca (A) ln mt phng (P):

1 3
4 5 6
x y z +
= =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
60
Cu IV:
1. Tm
3
0
1 1
1
x
x x
im
x
+ +
=

3 3
0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 1
1 li m lim
x x x
x x x x
im
x x x

+ + + +
= = +
Xt tng s hng:

( ) ( )
0 0
1
1 l i m
2
1 1 1 1
x x
x x
i m
x x x

= = =
+ + + +

( )
( ) ( )
3
0 0
2
3 3
1 1
1 1
1 li m
[1 1 1 ]
x x
x
x
i m
x
x x x

+
+
= =
+

( )
2 0
3 3
1 1
1
3
1 1
x
im
x x x
= =
+

3
0
1 1 1 1
1
2 3
x
x x
im
x
+ +
= + =
5
6

2. (C
1
): x
2
+y
2
- 4y - 5 =0 x
2
(y-2)
2
=9
(C
2
): x
2
+y
2
- 6x +8y +16 =0 (x-3)
2
+(y +4)
2
=9
(C
1
) c tm I
1
(0; 2) bn knh R
1
=3
(C
2
) c tm I
2
(3; -4); bn knh R
2
=3
V I
1
I
2
= ( )
2
2
1 2
3 6 45 3 5 R R + = = > + nn (C
1
) v (C
2
) nm ngoi nhau, do
c 4 tip tuyn chung.
V R
1
=R
2
=3 nn d
1
// d
2
// I
1
I
2

Phng trnh ng thng I
1
I
2
=
0 2
2 2 2 0
3 6
x y
x y

= + =
Phng trnh d
1
, d
2
c dng 2x +y +c =0
Khong cch t I
1
n d
1
, d
2
bng
2 2
2
3
2 1
c +
=
+

1
2
3 5 2 2 3 5 2 0
2 3 5
3 5 2 2 3 5 2 0
c x y
c
c x y

= + + =
+ =
= + =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
61

Hnh 17

Do tnh i xng, d
3
v d
4
ct nhai ti trung im I ca on I
1
I
2
c to
(3/2;1).
Phng trnh d
3
, d
4
c dng y +1 =k
3 3
1 0
2 2
k
x kx y
| |
=
|
\ .

Khong cch t I
1
ti d
3
, d
4
bng
2
3
2 1
2
3
1
k
k

=
+

Gii ra ta c :
1
2
0 1
4 4
3
3 3
k y
y x k
= =

= =

Cu V:
Cho
, 0
5
4
x y
x y
>
+ =
Tm min S vi S =
4 1
4 x y
+
Cch 1: S =
5
1 1 1 1 1 5 5.5 25
5
4 4 5 . . . .4 x x x x y x x x x y x x x x y
+ + + + > > = =
+ + + +

min S =5
1 1
4
4
5
4
x y
x y
x y
+ =

1
1
4
x
y
=

Cch 2: S =
4 1
( )
5 4
f x
x x
+ =
0 <x <
5
4

I
1
I
2

I
d
1

d
2

d
3

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
62
f(x) =
( )
2 2
4 4
0
5 4
x
x
+ =

( )
2
2
5 4
1
5
0
4
x x
x
x
< <

Lp bng du f '(x) suy ra min S =5
Cch 3:
1 2 1 4 1
2 . . .
2 4 2
x y x y
x y x y
+ = + s + + (3)
Du "=" (3) khi

5
4
2 1
4 1
. 2 .
5 1
4 4
x y x
x x y y
x y y
x y
= =

+ = =

+ =

(3)
2
5 5 4 1 4 1
5
2 4 4 4 x y x y
| |
| |
s + + >
| |
\ .
\ .

Vy min S =5.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
63
S 4

Cu I:
1. Gii bt phng trnh: 1 2 3 12 + + > + x x x
iu kin: x > 3.
Bt phng trnh 1 2 3 12 + > + x x x
( ) 1 2 3 12
2
+ > + x x x (v x +12 >x-3 > 0)

( )( )
( ) ( )
2
2 9 2 12 3 2 1
12 . 3 4
9 52 0 13 4
x x x x
x x
x x x
+ + > +
+ s
+ s s s

Do iu kin x > 3, suy ra 3 4 x s s
2. Gii phng trnh
2
tan cos cos sin (1 tan tan )
2
x
x x x x x + = +
iu kin:
=
=
=
=
1 cos
0 cos
0
2
cos
0 cos
x
x
x
x

Ta c:
sin sin
2
1 tan tan 1
2
cos cos
2
x
x
x
x
x
x
+ = +
x x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
x
cos
1
2
cos cos
2
cos
2
cos cos
2
sin sin
2
cos cos
=
|
.
|
\
|

=
+
=
Phng trnh
2
sin
tan cos cos
cos
x
x x x
x
+ + =
cosx(1 - cosx) =0.
Do iu kin cosx 0 nn phng trnh cosx =1
x =2kt, (k eZ)
Cu II:
1. y =(x - m)
3
- 3x
y' =3(x-m)
2
- 3 =3[(x - m)
2
- 1]
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
64
y'(0) =3(m
2
-1)
y" =6(x - m) y"(0) =-6m
iu kin cn v hm s t cc tiu ti x =0 l y'(0) =0
m =1 hoc m =-1.
Vi m =1 th y"(0) =-6 <0, hm t cc i ti x =0
Vi m =-1 th y"(0) =6>0, hm t cc tiu ti x =0
p s: m =-1 .
2. Kho st v v th hm s khi x =1( Hc sinh t gii)
th hm s y =(x - 1)
3
- 3x c cho trn hnh 18.
3. Tm k h bt phng trnh c nghim

s +
<
) 2 ( 1 ) 1 ( log
3
1
log
2
1
) 1 ( 0 3 1
3
2
2
2
3
x x
k x x

iu kin: (x - 1)
3
>0 x >1
Khi x >1, bt phng trnh (1)
(x - 3)
3
- 3k <k (1')
Bt phng trnh (2) log
2
x +log
2
(x - 1) s 1 (x >1).
x(x - 1) s 2

>
s
1
0 2
2
x
x x

1<x s 2
Bi ton quy v xc nh k bt phng trnh (1')
c nghim tha iu kin 1<x s 2.
Da vo th hm s v cu 2, xt ch trn khong 1<x s 2, ta suy ra
tp mi tr s k cn tm l k >-5 (k >
(1;2]
min ( ) (2) 5 f x f = = )
Cu III:
1. Gi H l trung im BC.
Do AABC vung cn ti A nn
AH BC; AB =AC SB =SC
SH BC. Do ZAHS =60
0
.
Hnh 18
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
65
Ta c AH = .
2 2
a BC
=
Trong ASAH vung ti A nn:
SA =
0
3
tan60
2 2
a a
= .
2. a)
d
1
l giao tuyn ca hai mt phng
x - az - a =0 v y - z + 1 = 0 nn i qua
M
1
(a; - 1; 0) v vung gc vi cc vc t

1
u
=(1; 0; - a),
1
v
=( 0; 1; - 1).
Suy ra mt vc t ch phng ca d
1
l
1
a
=[
1
u
,
1
v
] =(a; 1; 1).
d
2
l giao tuyn ca hai mt phng ax + 3y - 3 =0 v x - 3z - 6 = 0 nn i qua
M
2
(0; 1; - 2) v vung gc cc vc t
2
u
=(a; 3; 0),
2
v
=( 1; 0; - 3). Suy ra mt vc
t ch phng ca d
2
l
2
a
=[
2
u
,
2
v
] =(3; - a; 1).

1 1
M M
=(- a; 2; - 2),
1 2
[ ; ] a a

=(1 +a; 3 - a; - a
2
- 3)
Ta c
1 2
[ ; ] a a

.
1 1
M M
=a
2
- 3a +12 >0, a. Suy ra, khng c a d
1
v d
2
ct nhau.
Ta cng c kt qu l d
1
v d
2
cho nhau, vi a.
Cch 2.
Phng trnh tham s ca cc ng thng d
1
v d
2
:

1 2
'
x =a +at
d: y =- 1 +t d : 1 '
3
z =t
1
2 '
3
x t
a
y t
z t

= +
Xt h phng trnh:

a +at ' (1)
1 1 ' (2)
3
1
2 ' (3)
3
t
a
t t
t t
+ =
= +

T (2) v (3) suy ra: (1 ) ' 12 a t + =
a =- 1 khng tha
Hnh 19
H
S
C
B
A
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
66

12
1 '
1
a t
a
= =
+
,
4
2
1
t
a
= +
+
. Thay vo (1), ta c a
2
- 3a +12 =0 v
nghim.
Vy, khng c a d
1
v d
2
ct nhau.
b) Vi a =2 ta c:

1 2
2 2 0 2 3 3 0
: ; :
1 0 3 6 0
x z x y
d d
y z x z
= + =

+ = =

Theo a) d
2
l giao tuyn ca hai mt phng 2x + 3y - 3 =0 v x - 3z - 6 = 0 nn i
qua M
2
(0; 1; - 2) v vung gc cc vc t
2
u
=(2; 3; 0),
2
v
=( 1; 0; - 3). Suy ra
mt vc t ch phng ca d
2
l
2
a
=[
2
u
,
2
v
] =(3; - 2; 1).
d
1
l giao tuyn ca hai mt phng x - 2z - 2 =0 v y - z + 1 = 0 nn i qua
M
1
(2; - 1; 0) v vung gc vi cc vc t
1
u
=(1; 0; - 2),
1
v
=( 0; 1; - 1). Suy ra
mt vc t ch phng ca d
1
l
1
a
=[
1
u
,
1
v
] =(2; 1; 1).
Mt phng (P) cha d
2
v song song d
1
nn i qua M
2
(0; 1; - 2) v c mt vc t
php tuyn
P
n
=[
1
a
,
2
a
] =(3; 1; - 7). Suy ra, phng trnh ca (P):

3(x - 0) +y - 1 - 7(z +2) =0
hay: 3x +y - 7z - 15 =0
Cch 2. Mt phng (P) cha d
2
nn phng trnh c dng:
(2 3 3) ( 3 6) 0 x y x z + + = ,
2 2
0 + >
(2 ) 3 3 (3 6 ) 0 x y z + + + = ,
2 2
0 + >
Vy (P) c vect php ( )
2
2 ;3 ; 3 n = +

Trong phng trnh xc nh d
1
t x =2t ta c z =t - 1, y =t - 2.
Do vect ch phng ca d
1
l ) 1 ; 1 ; 2 (
1
= n v (P) // d
2
nn
1 2
. 0 n n =

( ) 2. 2 1.3 1.3 0 7 0 + + = =
Chn =1 ta c 7 = . Th vo phng trnh xc nh (P) ta c phng
trnh ca (P) cn tm:
9x +3y - 21z - 45=0
hay 3x +y - 7z - 15 =0.
- (P) cha d
2
v (P)// d
1
nn khong cch gia d
1
, d
2
l khong cch t mt im
ca d
1
n (P).
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
67
im M(2; - 1; 0) thuc d
1

Vy khong cch cn tm l

2 2 2
3.2 1 7(0) 15 17
59
3 1 7
d

= =
+ +

Cu IV:
1. (1 +x)
n
=a
0
+a
1
x +a
2
x
2
+....+a
k
x
k
+a
n
x
n
.
H thc ( ) 1 1 ) 1 (
24 9 2
1 1
s s = =
+
n k
a a a
k k k
.

)! 1 ( )! 1 (
!
24
1
)! ( !
!
9
1
)! 1 ( )! 1 (
!
2
1
24 9 2
1 1
+
=
=
+
= =
+
k n k
n
k n k
n
k n k
n
C C C
k
n
k
n
k
n

2.(k - 1)!(n - k +1)!=9.k!(n - k)! =24.(k +1)!(n - k - 1)!

2.(n - k +1)(n - k) =9k (n - k) =24 (k +1)k

=
+
=
+ =
= +
11
8 3
11
2 2
) 1 ( 24 ) ( 9
9 ) 1 ( 2
n
k
n
k
k k n
k k n

tn ti k tho mn h thc (1), iu kin t c v l 3n - 8 =2n +2
n =10
2. Tnh

}
+ = + + =
0
1
2 1
3
2
) 1 ( ( I I dx x e x I
x
, trong : I
1
=
} }

+ =
0
1
0
1
3
2
2
1 ; dx x x I dx xe
x

Tnh
|
|
.
|
\
|
= =
} }

dx e xe dx xe I
x x x
0
1
2 2
0
1
2
1
1
0
2
1

=
4
1
4
3
4
1
4
1
2
1
1
0
4
1
2
1
2
2 2 2 2
= + =

e
e e e e
x

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
68
Tnh I
2
=
0 0
3 3
1 1
1 ( 1 1) 1 ( 1) x x dx x x d x

+ = + + +
} }

28
9
1
0
4
) 1 ( 3
7
) 1 ( 3
) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 ( ) 1 (
3
4
3
7
0
1
3
1 0
1
3
4
=
(
(
(
+
=
+ + + =
} }

x x
x d x x d x

Vy I =I
1
+I
2
=
28
9
4
1
4
3
2

e
=
7
4
4
3
2

e

Cu V: Gi thit:

2
cos
2
cos
2
cos
2
sin
2
sin
2
sin 8
2
cos
2
cos
2
cos ) 1 cos cos (cos 2
2
cos
2
cos
2
cos 8 ) cos cos cos 3 ( 2
2
cos
2
cos
2
cos
4
1
2
2
cos
2
cos
2
cos
2 2 2
A C C B B A C B A
A C C B B A
C B A
A C C B B A
C B A
A C C B B A C B A

=

= + +

= + + +

= + +

8 sinA sinB sinC =(sinA +sinB)(sinB +sinC)(sinC +sinA)
sinA =sinB =sinC A =B =C (ch cn p dng bt ng thc csi
cho v phi).

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
69
S 5

Cu I.:
Hm s y =
x
mx x
+
1
2
(1)
1. Kho st, v th hm s khi m = 0 (Hc sinh t gii).
2. Tm m y c cc i v cc tiu.
y' =
2
2
2
2
) 1 (
2
) 1 (
) 1 )( 2 (
m
m x x
x
mx x x m x
+ +
=
+ + +

y c cc i v cc tiu, iu kin cn v l phng trnh y(x) =0 c hai
nghim v y i du khi x bin thin qua mi nghim.
- x
2
+2x +m =0 (2) c hai nghim phn bit khc 1.

)
`
= + +
> + = A
0 2 1
0 1 '
m
m
1 > m
Gi M
1
(x
1,
y
1
) l im cc i v im cc tiu thuc th hm s.
x
1,
x
2
l nghim ca (2), y
1
,y
2
c th tnh bng cch thay x
1
, x
2
vo (1),
nhng cng c th tnh bng cch khc nh sau:
Hm s (1) c dng y =
v
u
, y =
v
uv v u
2
' '
.
Ti x
1,
x
2
ta c y =0
x
uv v u
2 , 1
' '
x x x x
v
u
v
u
uv uv
2 , 1 2 , 1 2 , 1 2 , 1
'
'
' 0 ' = = =

Vy tnh y
1,2
ta c th dng t s
'
'
v
u
(n gin hn t s
v
u
). Vi nhn xt ny
ta c:
y
1 =
x
m x
1
1
2
+
=-(2x
1
+m); y
2
=-(2x
2
+m)
M
1
M
2
=
2
2 1
2
2 1
) ( ) (
y y
x x
+ + =
2
2 1
) ( 5
x x

= 5 ( )
x x x x 2 1
2
2 1
4 +
= 5 m 4 4+
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
70
M
1
M
2
=10 5(4+4m) =100 m =4.
Cu II :
1. Phng trnh 16 log
3
27x
x 3log
z 3
x
2
=0
iu kin:
=
>
3
1
0
x
x

16 log
x 3
x
3
1
- 3log
z 3
x
2
=0
log
x 3
x
3
16
- 3log
z 3
x
2
=0
x
3
16
=x
6
(x >0)

x
3
16
6
=x
3
2
=1

2. a)
3
1
3 cos 2 sin
1 cos sin 2
=
+
+ +
x x
x x

6 sinx +3 cosx +3 =sinx 2 cosx +3
(d thy sinx 2 cosx +3 >0 x)
5 sinx +5 cosx =0 sinx =- cosx

tgx =-1 x =-
k +
4

b) Tm a
a
x x
x x
=
+
+ +
3 cos 2 sin
1 cos sin 2
c nghim.
phng trnh 2 sinx +cosx +1 =a(sinx 2cosx +3)
(2 a)sinx +(2a +1)
2
cosx =3a 1.
phng trnh c nghim, iu kin cn v l:
(2 a)
2
+(2a +1)
2
> (3a 1)
2

5a
2
+5 > 9a
2
- 6a +1
4a
2
6a 4 s 0, A =9 +16 =25

x =1
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
71
- 2
2
1
s s a .

Cu III:
1. Vit li (C) di dng
(x +1)
2
+(y 2)
2
=5
Vy (C) c tm I(-1;2), bn knh R = 5.
Theo gi thit ZMAB=60
0
, suy
ra ZAMI =30
0
MI =2AI =2R =2 5.
Vy M thuc ng trn tm I bn
knh 2 5 c phng trnh
(x +1)
2
+(y 2)
2
=(2 5)
2
=20.
Do M e thuc (d) nn to ca M
l nghim ca h phng trnh.
( ) ( )
= + +
= +
20 2 1
0 1
2 2
y x
y x

T phng trnh u, rt y theo x, th
vo phng trnh th hai ta c:
(x

+1)
2
+(x 1)
2
=20 x
2
=9 x =63
Vi x =3 ta c y =4.
Vi x =-3 ta c y =2.
Vy ta c hai im M cn tm l
M
1
(3; 4); M
2
(-3;-2).
2. Vit li (S):
(x +2)
2
+(y 3)
2
+z
2
=13 m (iu kin: m<13).
Mt cu (S) c tm I(-2;3;0),
Bn knh m 13 =IN, MN =8 nn HN =4,
Suy ra: IH =
HN IN
2 2
=
2
4 13 m = 3 m
(iu kin: m<3) l khong cch t I n ng thng d.
Trong phng trnh xc nh d, t x =t ta c
+ =
+ = +
4 2 2
1 2 2
t z y
t z y

M
A
B
I
x

-

y

+

1

=
0

Hnh 20
I
N
H
M
Hnh 21
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
72
y =
2
1
t +1; z =t -1.
Vy d c vect ch phng (1;
2
1
;1)=
2
1
(2;1;2).
D nhn thy rng M
0
(0;1;-1) l mt im ca d.
I M
0
=(-2;2;1). Do khong cch I n d bng h =
| |
n
n I M ;
0

| | n I M ;
0
=
)
`

1 2
2 2
;
2 2
2 1
;
2 1
1 2

=(3,6,-6)
IH =h =
| |
n
n I M ;
0

3
9
81
2 1 2
6 6 3
2 2 2
2 2 2
= =
+ +
+ +
=
Vy IH = 9 3 3 3 = = m m
m =-12 (tho mn iu kin).

3. C th gi s a =min { } c b a , , .
Trn cnh AC ly im E, trn AD ly im F
sao cho AB =AE =AF =a
T din ABEF c bn mt l tam gic u bng
nhau nn l t din u cnh bng a.
D dng tnh c th tch t din u cnh a l:
) 1 (
12
2
3
1
a
V =
Gi V l th tch khi t din ABCD. Theo cng thc th tch khi t din ta c:
(H l chn ng cao h t B).
) 2 (
60 sin .
2
1
E.AFsin60
2
1
) ( .
3
1
F) ( .
3
1
2
0
0
1
bc
a
AD AC
A
ACD S BH
AE S BH
V
V
= = =
A
F
C
D
B
E
H
Hnh 22
c
b
60
0

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
73
T (1) v (2) suy ra: .
12
2
1
2
abc
V
a
bc
V = =
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
2
6 3 5
0
1 cos .sin .cos . I x x xdx
}

. cos . sin . cos . cos 1
2 3 6 3
2
0
xdx x x x } =

d(1 cos
3
x) =3cos
2
x.sinxdx, do :
| | ) cos 1 ( ) cos 1 ( 1 ) cos 1 (
3
1
3 3
6
1
3
2
0
x d x x I } =

) cos 1 ( ) cos 1 (
3
1
) cos 1 ( ) cos 1 (
3
1
3
6
7
3
2
0
3
6
1
3
2
0
x d x x d x } } =

2
0
6
13
3
2
0
6
7
3
) cos 1 (
13
6
.
3
1
) cos 1 (
7
6
.
3
1

x x =

=
= =
91
14 26
13
2
7
2

91
12

Nhn xt: Cng c th tnh I nh php i bin 1 cos
3
x =t a 1 v dng

dt t t I ) 1 (
3
1
6
1 1
=
}
ri tnh ra kt qu.
2. Tm
( ) ( )
2
sin 2
1 2 1 1 3 3
cos 1
1 2 1 3
2
2 2
0
2 3 2
0
lim lim
x
x x
x
x x
x x
+ + +
=
+ +

* Tnh
( )
3 2
3
2 2 2
2
0 2
3 2
0
1 1 3 ) 1 3 (
2
sin 2
1 1 3
2
sin 2
1 1 3
lim lim
+
+
=
+

x x
x
x
x
x
x x

=
2
3
6
1 1 3 ) 1 3 (
1
.
2
sin
2
6
3 2
3
2 2
2
0
lim
= =
+
|
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
x x
x
x
x

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
74
* Tnh
2
2
4
1 1 2
2
sin 2
2
2
sin 2
1 1 2
2 2
2
0 2
2
0
lim lim
= =
+ +
=
+

x
x
x
x
x
x x

Suy ra 4
cos 1
1 2 1 3
2 3 2
0
lim
=
+ +
x
x x
x

Cu V:
Bt ng thc
50 1 ,
50
50
2
s < < < s
+ +
> + d c b a
b
b b
d
c
b
a

(a, b, c, d e IN)
V a >1 ; d 50 v c >b (c, b e IN) nn c > b +1 thnh th

.
50
50
50
1 1
2
b
b b b
b d
c
b
a
S
+ +
=
+
+ > + =

Vy bt ng thc ca ra c chng minh rt n gin.
Vy
.
50
50
2
b
b b
d
c
b
a
S
+ +
> + =

Du ng thc xy ra khi v ch khi: a =1, d =50, c =b +1.
tm min S, ta t
50
1 1
50 50
50
2
+ + =
+ +
b
b
b
b b
v xt hm s c bin s lin tc x

1 1
( ) (2 48)
50 50
x
f x x
x
= + + s s
2 2
1 1 50
'( )
50 50
x
f x
x x
= =

2
50
( ) 5 2
2 48
x
f x x
x
=
= =
s s

Bng bin thin:
X 2
5 2
48
f '(x) - 0 +
f(x)
min f(x)

Chuyn v biu thc f(x) =
|
|
.
|
\
|
e
s s
+ +
IN b
b
b
b b
48 2
50
50
2

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
75
T bng bin thin suy ra khi b bin thin t 2 n 7, f(7) gim ri chuyn sang
tng khi b bin thin t 8 n 48. Suy ra min f(b) =min [f(7); f(8)].
Ta c f(7) =
175
53
350
106
350
57 49
= =
+

f(8) =
175
53
200
61
400
122
400
58 64
> = =
+
( 427 >424)
Vy
175
53
min = S khi
=
=
=
=
50
8
7
1
d
c
b
a

Nhn xt:
Cng c th tm min f(b) =min
|
|
.
|
\
|
e
s s
+ |
.
|
\
|
+
Z b
b
b
b
48 2
50
1 1
50

Bng cch xt dy s u
b
=
b
b
b
b
50
50 1
50
2
+
= +
Lp t s:
|
|
.
|
\
|
e
s s
+ +
+ +
=
+ +
+ +
=
+
IN b
b
b b
b b b
b
b
b
b
u
u
b
b
48 2
) 50 )( 1 (
) 51 2 (
50
50
.
) 1 ( 50
50 ) 1 (
2
2
2
2
1

50 ) 1 ( 0 50 1
2 1
< + < + <
+
b b b b
u
u
b
b
b s 6 (do b nguyn)
. 7 50 ) 1 ( 1
1
> > + >
+
b b b
u
u
b
b
T c min u
b
=u
7

min S = .
175
53

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
76
S 6

Cu I:
1. Kho st v v th hm s y = x x x 3 2
3
1
2 3
+ (1)
(Hc sinh t gii)
2. Tnh din tch hnh phng gii hn bi th hm s (1) v trc Ox.
) (
4
9
0
3
2
3
3
2
12
3 2
3
1
2 3
4
2 3
3
0
dvdt x x
x
dx x x x S =
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ = |
.
|
\
|
+ =
}

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh
x
2
cos 8
1
=sinx
iu kin:
>
=
) ( 0 sin
) ( 0 cos
b x
a x

Vi iu kin phng trnh x x x
x
2 2 2
2
cos sin 4
2
1
sin
cos 8
1
= =

0 4 cos
2
4 cos 1
2 sin
2
1
2
= |
.
|
\
|
= = x
x
x
4 8
k
x + = (1)
Kt hp iu kin: cosx =cos 0
4 8
= |
.
|
\
|
+
k

( , , )
8 4 2
k
n k n

+ = + e Z
1 +2k 4 + 8n
iu ny lun ng v I +2k l s l, 4 +8n l s chn, vy iu kin (a) tho
mn, iu kin (b):
sinx =sin |
.
|
\
|
+
4 8
k
>0
Tp nghim (1) c biu
din bi 8 im ngn trn
ng trn lng gic, trong
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
77
c 4 im thuc na trn
ca ng trn tho mn
iu kin sinx >0, vy tp
nghim ca phng trnh l:
x =
n 2
8
+ , x =3
n 2
8
+ ,
x =
n 2
8
5 + , x =
n 2
8
7 + .
2. iu kin: x >0, y >0, x 1, y 1.
x
3
+2x
2
3x 5y =x
3
2x
2
3x =5y (1)
y
3
+2y
2
3y 5x =y
3
2y
2
3y =5x (2)
T (1) v (2) 2(x
2
y
2
) 3(x y) =5(y x)
2(x
2
y
2
) +2(x-y) =0
(x y) (x +y +1) =0 (3)
H (1) v (2) vi iu kin x >0, y >0 tng ng vi h

2 2
4
2 3 5 2 8 0
x y x y
x y
x x y x x
= =
= =

= =

Vy h phng trnh c nghim duy nht: x = y = 4
Cu III:
1. T din ABCD u cnh a nn cc mt l nhng tam gic u cnh a. Gi M
l trung im BC, N l trung im AD. Ta c BC AM, BC DM suy ra BC
(ADM) BC MN.
ng thi c AM =DM =
2
3 a

MN AD (trung tuyn va l ng cao).
Vy MN l ng vung gc chung ca BC v
AD.

Trong AAMN vung gc ti N ta c
MN =
2
2
4 4
3
2 2
2 2
a a a
AN AM = =
Hnh 23
x 0
y
O
8

H
Hnh 24
A
D
B
C
a
N
M
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
78
( ) cm 6
2
2
2 6 = =
2. a) D nhn thy rng d
m
lun i qua im M
0
(0; - 1) m. Do bn trc ln a =
3, bn trc nh b = 2 nn M
0
(0; - 1) l im trong thc s ca elip (E), do d
m

lun ct elip (E) ti hai im phn bit.
Cch khc: T phng trnh xc nh d
m
rt theo x v th vo phng
trnh ca (E) ta c mt phng trnh bc 2 theo x c bit thc A >0. m.
b) Gi (x
0
; y
0
) l to tip im, ta c phng trnh ca tip tuyn vi (E)
1
4 9
0 0
= +
y y x x

(x
0
; y
0
) e (E) nn
1
4 9
2
0
2
0
= +
y x
(1)
Tip tuyn qua N (1; -3) nn
1
4
3
9
0 0
=
y x
(2)
Rt y
0
t (2) th vo (1) ta rt gn c
0 405 72 85
0
2
0
= x x
A' =36
2
+85.405 =35721 =189
2
.
;
17
45
85
189 36
0
=
+
= x .
5
9
85
289 36
0
=
= x
Vi
17
45
0
= x ta c .
17
16
0

= y
Vi
5
9
0

= x ta c .
5
8
0

= y
Vy ta c 2 tip tuyn cn tm
1
4 . 17
16
9 . 17
45
= y x hay 5x - 4y - 17 =0
1
4 . 5
8
9 . 5
9
= y x hay x +2y +5 =0
Ch : Bn c th b qua cc cu ni v tip tuyn ca conic v sch gio khoa
hin hnh khng trnh by na.
Cu IV:
O
y
x
N
-3
-3
2 3
-2
Hnh 25
1
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
79
( ) 1 ... 1
9
10
6 4
10
7 3
10
8 2
10
8 9 1
10
10 10
+ + + + + + + = + x C x C x C x C x x C x x
( ) ( ) + + + + + + = + + ... 2 1
7 4
10
8 3
10
9 2
10
10 1
10
11 10
x C x C x C x C x x x

( ) 1 ... 2
9
10
2 8
10
7 3
10
8 2
10
9 1
10
10 2 9
10
+ + + + + + + + + + x C x C x C x C x C x x x C
( ) ( ) ( )
8 2
10
3
10
9 1
10
2
10
10 1
10
11
2 . 2 . 2 x C C x C C x C x + + + + + + =

11 10
6
5
7
4
8
3
9
2
10
1
11
... a x a x a x a x a x a x a x + = + + + + + + =

Vy 672 2
4
10
5
10 5
= + = C C a

Cu V:
1.
( )
( )( )
( )
2
2 3 4 5
1
2
6
1
1
5 1
lim
1
5 6
lim
+ + + +
=
+

x
x x x x x x
x
x x
x x

( ) ( )
( )
15 5 4 3 2 1
1
5 4 3 2 1
lim
2
2 3 4 2
1
= + + + + =
+ + + +
=

x
x x x x x
x

2. Ta c din tch tam gic:
1 1 1
.
2 2 2
a b c
S ah ah ah = = =
;
2
a
S
h
a
= ;
2
b
S
h
b
=
c
S
h
c
2
=

( ) c b a
S h h h
c b a
+ + = + +
2
1 1 1 1

( )
|
.
|
\
|
+ + + + =
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ + |
.
|
\
|
+ +
c b a
c b a
S h h h c b a
c b a
1 1 1
2
1 1 1 1 1 1 1

p dng bt ng thc Csi ta c:
( ) 9
1 1 1
>
|
.
|
\
|
+ + + +
c b a
c b a
V
2
3
= S theo gi thit, do vy ta c:
. 3
3
9 1 1 1 1 1 1
= >
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ + |
.
|
\
|
+ +
c b a
h h h c b a

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
80
S 7

Cu I:
y =
( )
( )
2
2 4 3
2 1
x x
f x
x

=

(Hc sinh t gii).
th (C) nh hnh v 29.
2. Phng trnh.
2x
2
- 4x - 3 +2mx - 1 =0
g(x) =
( )
2
2 4 3
2 1
x x
m
x

=
(1)

g(x) =
f(x), khi x >1
-f(x), khi x <1

T th hm s y =g(x) v phng
trnh (1) suy ra m phng trnh c hai
nghim phn bit.
p s:

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: 3 - tgx (tgx +2 sinx) +6cosx =0
iu kin: cosx =0.
Phng trnh 3 -
sinx
cosx
sinx 2sinxcos
cos
x
x
+ | |
|
\ .
+6cosx =0
3cos
2
x - sin
2
x(1+2cosx) +6 cox
3
x =0(cosx = o)
3cos
2
x (1 +2cosx) - sin
2
x (1 +2 cosx) =0
(1 +2cosx) (3cos
2
x - sin
2
x) =0

2
1
cos
2
1
4cos
4
x
x
cos
2
x =
1
4

meR
Hnh 29
y =g(x)
y =g(x)
y

=

f
(
x
)

y

=

f
(
x
)

y =-m
x O 1
y =x - 1
y
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
81

1 +cos2x =
1
2

2x =
2
2
3
k
+ x =
3
k
+ (tho mn iu kin)

2. Gii h phng trnh
log log
2 2 3
y x
x y
xy y
+ =

iu kin: x > 0, x = 1, y >0; y >0, y = 1.

Vi iu kin h tng ng vi

1
log log
2
2 2 3
y x
x y
xy y
+ =
2
1 log (1)
log
2 2 3
y
y
x y
x
x
+ =
+ =

Phng trnh (1) t
2
+t - 2 =0 (t =log
y
x)

2
1
1
2
x y
t
x t
y
=
=

= =

Kt hp vi phng trnh (2)
Nu y =x, phng trnh (2) 2
x
=
2
3 3
log
2 2
x =
Nu x =
2
1
y
, phng trnh (2) 2
y

2
1
2 3
y
+ = (y >0, y = 1).
Ta chng minh phng trnh ny v nghim. Tht vy:
Nu y >1 th
2
2
1
1
1
0
2 2 2
2 2 3
2 2 1
y
y y
y
> =
+ >
> =

Nu 0 <y <1 th
2
2
0
1
1
1
2 2 1
2 2 3
2 2 2
y
y y
y
> =
+ >
> =

Kt lun: h c nghim duy nht: x =y =
2
3
log
2
.

cos2x=
1
2

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
82
Cu III:
1. Gi M (x
o
; y
o
). N(x
1
; y
1
) l hai im thuc (P), khi ta c x
o
=
2 2
1 1
,
o
y x y = v
IM
=(x
o
; y
o
- 2) =
( )
2
; 2
o o
y y
( ) ( )
2
1 1 1 1
; 2 ; 2 IN x y y y = =

( )
2
1 1
4 4 ;4 8 IN y y =

Theo gi thuyt:

4 IM IN =

suy ra:

2 2
0 1
0 1
4 (1)
2 4 8 (2)
y y
y y
=

T (2) suy ra y
o
=2(2y
1
- 3) . Th vo (1) c:
4(2y
1
- 3)
2
=
2
1
4y
1 1 1
1 1 1
2 3 3
2 3 1
y y y
y y y
= =

= =

Vi y
1
=1 ta c x
1
=1, y
o
=-2, x
o
=4.
Vy ta c cp im M(4; -2), N(1; 1).
Vi y
1
=3 ta c x
1
=9, y
o
=6
,
x
o
=36.
Vy ta c mt cp im na l M(36; 6), N(9;3).
2. ( ) ( ) 4; 4; 4 4 1; 1; 1 AB = =
.
( ) 2;10; 8 2(1;5; 4) CD = =
.
Gi l gc gia hai ng thng AB v CD, ta c:

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1; 1; 1 . 1;5;4 1.1 1.5 1. 4
os 0
1; 1; 1 . 1;5; 4
1 1 1 1 5 4
c

= = =

+ + + +

=90
0
.
Ta c AC =
2 2 2 2 2 2
3 7 1 59; 1 3 7 59 AD + + = = + + = .
AACD cn ti A.
T gi M l trung im ca
CD ta c AM CD, BM CD. Do
chi vi tam gic ABM l p =AB +AM
+BM nh nht khi AM +BM nh
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
83
nht (V AB khng i), tc l khi M
l trung im ca CD.
3. Gi H l trung im ca BC. V
AABC cn ti A( (AB =AC =a) nn AH
BC do gc BAC =120
0
suy ra gc
ACH =30
0
.
Ta c AH =AC sin gc ACH =a sin 30
0
=
2
a
.

BC =2HC =2acos30
0
=2a.
3
3
2
a = .
Do
2 2
2 2 2
13
' ' 3 .
4 4
a a
IB IC a = = + =
AA'B'B l hnh vung cnh a nn AB' =a 2.
AI
2
=IC
2
+AC
2
=
2 2
2
5
.
4 4
a a
a + =
Ta c AI
2
+
2 2
2 2 2
5 13
' 2 ' .
4 4
a a
AB a IB = + = = Vy AAB'I vung ti A.
Ta c
2
'
1 1 5 10
. ' . . 2
2 2 2 4
AB I
a a
S AI AB a
A
= = = .

2
1 1 3
. . 3.
2 2 2 4
ABC
a a
S BC AH a
A
= = = .
Gi l gc gia hai mt phng (ABC) v (AB'I) ta c
cos
2
2
'
3
3 30
4
10 10 10
4
ABC
AB I
a
S
S a
A
= = = =
Cu IV:
1. C bao nhiu s t nhin chia ht cho 5 m mi s c 4 ch s khc nhau?
Mi s t nhin bao gm 4 ch s khc nhau ng vi mt chnh hp chp 4
ca 10 ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, ..., 9 ngoi tr cc chnh hp chp 4 c ch s 0 ng u.
s chia ht cho 5 iu kin cn v l ch s cui phi l 0 hoc 5.
B'
C'
C B
H
a
a
A'
A
Hnh 30
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
84
Khi ch s 5 ng cui, ba ch s ng trc ng vi mt chnh hp chp
3 ca 9 ch s cn li ngoi tr cc s trong ca chng c ch 0 ng u, do
cc s ny gm
3 2
9 8
A A s.
Vy s lng cc s t nhin tho mn ra l

3 3 2
9 9 8
2.9.8.7 8.7 17.56 A A A + = = =

2. Tnh I =
4 4
2
0 0
1 os2 2 os
x x
dx dx
c x c x

} = }
+

= ( )
4 4
4
0
0 0
1 1
2 2
xd tgx xtgx tgxdx

| |
|
} = }
|
|
\ .

=
4
4
0
0
1 1 sin 1
. 1 cos
2 2 2 cos 8 2
xdx
n x
x

} = +

=
1 1 1 1
1 1 2 1 2
8 2 8 2 8 4 2
n n n

+ = =

Cu V:
Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s:
y =sin
5
x + 3 cosx
Tm max y: y =sin
5
x +
4
3cos sin 3cos x x x s + (1)
Ta chng minh sin
4
x + 3cos 3, x x R s e (2)
Hay chng minh ( )
4
3 1 cos sin 0 x x >
( ) ( )
2
2
3 1 ox 1 os 0 c c x >
( ) ( )( )
2
1 osx 3 1 cos 1 cos 0 c x x
(
+ + >

Ta c theo bt ng thc Csi:
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )( )
2
1 1 4 32
1 osx . 1 cos 1 osx 2 2cos 1 cos
2 2 3 27
c x c x x
| |
+ + = + s =
|
\ .
< 3
952
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
85
Vy bt ng thc (3) ng Bt ng thc (2) ng y 3, x s , du
ng thc c khi cosx =1, tc x =2 . Vy max y = 3.
tm min y, ta c y =sin
5
x +
4
3cos sin 3cos , x x x > + ri tng t
nh trn ta c min y = 3, t c khi x = 2k + .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
86
S 8

Cu I:
1. y =
( )
( )
2 2
2 1 4
1 1 2
2 1 2 2
x m x m m
m
x
m x m
+ + + + +
+
= + +
+ +
(1)
y' =
( )
( )
( )
2
2 2
4
1 2
2
2
x m
x m x m
+
=
+ +

R rng y' lun lun c 2 nghim x
1
, x
2
, = -m v i du qua 2 nghim
hm s lun lun c cc tr vi m. Honh x
1
, x
2
l nghim ca phng
trnh:
(x +m)
2
- 4 =0 x
1
=-m - 2, x
2
=-m +2.
Tung y
1
, y
2
ta tnh bng t s
'
'
u
v
:
y
1
=
1 2
2
2 2 1 3 2 2 1 5
,
2 2 2 2
x x
x m x m
y
+ + + +
= = =
Khong cch gia 2 im cc tr M
1
(x
1
; y
2
) v M
2
(x
2
; y
2
) l:
M
1
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 2
2 1 2 1 2
4 4 32 M x x y y = + = + =

M
1
M
2
= 32 4 2 =
2. Kho st v v th hm s khi m =0
y =
2
4
2
x x
x
+ +

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh cos2x +cosx (2tg
2
x - 1) =2
iu kin: cosx = 0
Vi iu kin y phng trnh cos2x +2
2
sin
cos 2
cos
x
x
x
=

2
2
sin
2 cos 2 os2 1 2sin
cos
x
x c x x
x
= = +

2
1
2sin 1 1 cos
cos
x x
x
| |
= +
|
\ .

2(1-cos
2
x) (1-cosx) =1(1+cosx)cosx
(1+cosx) [2 (1-cosx)
2
- cosx] =0
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
87
2
cos 1
2
cos 1
1
cos
2 2 2cos 5cos 2
3
cos 2 (VN)
x
x k
x
x
x k x x
x

=
=

= + =

2. Gii bt phng trnh
1 1
15.2 1 2 1 2
x x x + +
+ > +
t 2
x
=t (t >0).
Bt phng trnh 30 1 1 2 t t t + > +
i) Nu 1 4 t s s : bt phng trnh 30 1 3 1 t t + >
30t +1 > 9t
2
- 6t +1
9t
2
- 36t s 0
t
2
- 4t s 0 0 4 t s s , Suy ra: 1 s t s 4
ii) Nu 0<t <1:
Bt phng trnh tng ng vi 30 1 1 t t + > +
30t +1 > t
2
+2t +1
t
2
- 28t s 0 0 28 t s s . Suy ra: 0 s t s 1

Kt hp hai trng hp i) v ii) ta c:
0 <t s 4 0 <2
x
s 4 x s 2.
Cu III:
1. Gi H l trung im ca BC. Do AABC cn ti A
nn AH BC. Li do mp(ABC) mt phng (BCD)
nn AH mt phng (BCD). Suy ra hai mt phng
trung trc ca BD v CD nhn AH lm giao tuyn.
Do AABC cn ti A nn hai mt phng trung trc ca AB v AC ct H ti O. Vy
O l tm mt cu ngoi tip BCD. Gi R l bn knh mt cu ngoi tip BCD. Gi
R l bn knh mt th R cng lm bn knh ng trn ngoi tip ABC.
Ta c S
AABC
=
2 2
4 4
a b a b
R
R S
=
Trong AABH ta c AH =
2 2 2
2 2 2
4
4 2
b a b
AB BH a

= =
S
AABC
=
2 2
2 2
1 1 4 1
. 4
2 2 2 4
a b
BC AH b b a b
= =
A
O
H
B
D
C
Hnh 31
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
88
T d R =
2 2
2 2
2 2
1
4
4. 4
4
a b a
a b
b a b
=

2. a) Xt h:

1
(1)
1 2 1
3 1 0 (2)
2 1 0 (3)
x y z
x z
x y
+
= =
+ =
+ =

T (1) v (2) ta c x =
1
2
, y =-2. Th vo (3):
2.
1
2 1 4 0
2
| |
= =
|
\ .

Suy ra d
1
, d
2
khng giao nhau. Cc vect ch phng ca chng khng song
song nn d
1
, d
2
cho nhau, d
1
c vect ch phng
1
n
=(1;2;1).
Trong phng trnh xc nh d
2
cho x =t ta c
z =3t +1 y =-2t +1
Do d
2
c vect ch phng
2
n
=(1;-2;3).
Ta c
1 2
. n n =

1.1+2 . (-2) +1 . 3 =0. Vy d
1,
d
2
vung gc vi nhau.
b) Lp mt phng (P) cha d
1
v song song vi A:
A c vect ch phng
3
n
=(1;4;-2).
(P) c vect php n
=(u;v;t). Suy ra:

1 3
, n n n n

1 3
. 0, . 0 n n n n = =

.
T : 1 . u +2 . v +1 . t =0,1 . u +4 . v - 2 . t =0
u =-4t, v =
3
.
2
t
Cho t =2 ta c u =-8, v =3. Vy ( ) 8;6; 2 . n =

D nhn thy im (0 ; -1 ; 0) thuc mt phng (P). vy mt phng (P) c
phng trnh: -8(x - 0) +2(y+1) +2(z-0) =0
Hay: -8x +3y +2z +3 =0
Lp ng thng d ct d
1
, d
2
v song song vi A
To giao im A ca d
2
v (P) l nghim ca h:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
89

3 1 0
2 1 0
8 3 2 3 0
x z
x y
x y z
+ =
+ =
+ + + =
A (1; -1; 4)
(Rt z, y t hai phng trnh u th vo phng trnh th 3, gii c x).
Trong (P), qua A dng ng thng d // A, khi d c phng trnh chnh tc.

1 1 4
1 4 2
x y z +
= =

T c d l giao tuyn ca hai mt phng: 4x - y - 5 =0
2x +z - 6 =0
Suy ra, phng trnh tham s ca d: 5 4
6 2
x t
y t
z t
=
= +

Cu IV:
1. Tham s ca t cc ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 c th lp c bao nhiu s t
nhin m mi s c 6 ch s khc nhau v ch s 2 ng cng ch s 3?
Ta coi cp (2, 3) ch l mt phn t "kp", khi ch c 5 phn t l 0, 1, (2,3),
4, v 5. S hon v ca 5 phn t ny l P
5
, phi loi tr s trng hp phn t 0
tr u gm P
4
trng hp. Ch rng vi phn t kp ta c th giao hon nn s
trng hp s c nhn i, nn s lng cc s t nhin tho mn bi l:
2. (P
5
- P
4
) =2. (5! - 4!) =192 s.
2. Tnh I =
1 1
3 2 2 2
0 0
1 1 . x x dx x x xdx } = }
t 1 - x
2
=t dt =-2xdx, xdx =-
1
2
dt
x =0 t =1
x =1 t =0
I =
( )
1 3 1 1 1
2 2
2
0 0
1 1
1
2 2
t dt t t dt
| |
} = }
|
\ .

=
3 5
1
2 2
0
1 2 2
2 3
t
t
t t
t
=
=
| |
=
|
\ .

Cu V: Tnh cc gc ca tam gic ABC bit:
4p (p - a) s bc (1)
2
15

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
90

2 3 3
sin sin sin
2 2 8
A B C
c
= (2)
(1)
2 2
( )( ) ( )
1 1
a b c b c a b c a
bc bc
+ + + +
s s

2
2 (1 cos ) 1
1 os
2 4
bc A A
c
bc
+
s s

2
3 3
sin sin
2 4 2 2
A A
> > , do 0
2 2
A | |
< <
|
\ .
(3)
Bin i v tri ca h thc (2) nh sau:

1
sin sin sin os os
2 2 2 2 2 2
A B C B C B C
c c
+ | |
=
|
\ .

2
1 1 1
sin 1 sin sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
A A A A | |
s = +
|
\ .

=-
2
2
1 1 1 1
sin sin sin
2 2 2 2 2 2 4
A A A
(
( | |
=
(
|
(
\ .
(

=
2
1 1 1
sin
8 2 2 2
A | |

|
\ .

Do (3), suy ra:

( )
2
8 2 3 1 1 1
sin sin sin 4 2 3
2 2 2 1 1 2 2 8 8
A B C
| |
s =
|
|
\ .

2 3 3
8
=
Du
os 1
2
3
sin
2 2
B C
c
A

=

0
0
120
30
A
B C
=

= =

Nhn xt: Cu IV v cu V l nhng phn "khc mc" ca vn ny.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
91
S 9

Cu I:
Cho hm s y =(x - 1) (x
2
+mx +m) (1)
1. Tm m th hm s (1) ct trc Ox ti 3 im phn bit
Phng trnh (x - 1) (x
2
+mx +m) c 3 nghim phn bit
Phng trnh x
2
+mx +m =0 c 2 nghim phn bit = 1

2
0 4
4 0
1
1 2 0
2
m m
m m
m m
< v >
A = >

= + =

2. Kho st v v th hm s (1) khi m =4
(Hc sinh t gii).
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh 3cos
4
x - 8 cos
6
x +2cos
2
x +3 =0
Phng trnh 3(1 +cos 4x) - 2cos
2
x(4cos
4
x - 1) =0
6 cos
2
2x - 2cos
2
x (2cos
2
x +1) (2cos
2
x - 1) =0
6 cos
2
2x - 2cos
2
x (2cos
2
x +1) . cos2x =0
cos2x [3cos2x - cos
2
x (2cos
2
x +1)] =0
a) cos2x =0 2x =
2
k
+ x=
4 2
k
+
b) 3 (cos
2
- 1) - 2 cos
4
x - cos
2
x =0

-2 cos
4
x +5cos
2
x - 3 =0
cos
2
x =1 hoc cos
2
x =
3
2
(VN)
x=kt
2. Tm m phng trnh 4 (log
2
x )
2
-
1
2
log x +m =0 c nghim thuc
khong (0;1)
iu kin: x >0
Vi iu kin phng trnh
2
2
log x +m =0 (1)
t log
2
x =t
Phng trnh t
2
+t +m =0 (2)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
92
phng trnh (1) c nghim x e (0; 1) iu kin cn v l phng trnh
(2) c nghim t e (- ; 0).
Do t
1
+t
2
=-1 nn nu (2) c nghim thi s c nghim m e (-; 0).
Vy ch cn A =1 - 4m > 0 m s
1
4
.
Cu III:
1. H s gc ca ng thng (d):
1
1
7
k = . Theo gi thuyt (d) l tip tuyn vi
ng trn ti im A(4; 2) nn tm I ca ng trn phi thuc ng thng (d
1
)
qua A v vung gc vi (d). H s gc ca (d
1
): k =-7. Phng trnh ng thng
(d
1
):
y - 2 =7(x - 4) y =- 7x +30
V I e (A) nn to ca I l nghim ca h phng trnh:
2x +y =0
y =-7x +30
Bn knh R ca ng trn l khong cch IA
R =IA =
2 2
2 14 200 10 2 + = =
Vy phng trnh ca ng trn l: (x - 6)
2
+(y +12)
2
=200
2. V cc mt i din nhau ca hnh lp phng song song nn mt phng
(BD'M) ct mp (CDC'D') ti N vi CN =A'M. Thit din BMD'N l hnh bnh
hnh c din tch S bng.
S =2S (BD'M) =MI.BD'
Trong MI l ng cao
k t M ca tam gic BD'M.
Suy ra S b nht khi MI b nht, tc MI
l on vung gc chng ca hai ng thng
cho nhau AA' v BD'. Ta chng minh rng on
vung gc chung chnh l M
o
O trong M
o

l trung im on BD'. Tht vy, cc tam gic
vung BAM
o
v D'A'M' bng nhau nn
BM
o
=D'M
o
suy ra trung tuyn M
o
O cng l ng cao
ca tam gic BMD', vy M
o
O BD'.
Mt khc AO =A'O =
1
'
2
BD nn OM
o
AA'.
I(6; -12)
D'
D
B C
N
O
A
A'
M
0

M
B'
I
Hnh 35
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
93
Vy thit din ca khi lp phng ct bi mp (BMD') c din tch b nht
khi M l trung im ca on AA'.
3. Khong cch gia hai ng thng AB v OM bng chiu cao hnh hp
dng trn cc vect , OM AB

v , OB
do :
h =
, .
,
OM AB OB
OM AB
(

(

Ta c:
OB
=(a; 0; 0);
3
; ;0 ; ( ;0; 3)
2 2
a a
OM AB a a
| |
= =
|
|
\ .

Suy ra
3 3
0 0 2 2 2 2
0 0 0 3 3
, ; ;
a a a a
a a a
O M A B

| |
|
(
=
|
|
\ .

=
2 2 2
3 3 3
; ;
2 2 2
a a a
| |
|
|
\ .

2
4 4 4
9 3 3 15
,
4 4 4 2
a
OM AB a a a
(
= + + =

3
3
, . ;0;0
2
a
OM AB OB
| |
(
=
|

\ .

6 3
9 3
, . 0 0
4 2
OM AB OB a a
| |
(
= + + =
|
|
\ .

h =
3
2
3
3 15
2
.
5 5 15
2
a
a a
a
= =
Cu IV:
1. Tm gi tr ln nht v gi tr nh nht ca hm s:
y =x
6
+4 (2 - x
2
)
3
trn on [-1;1]
t x
2
=t (0 s t s 1).
y =x
6
+4(1 - x
2
)
3
=t
3
+4(1 - t)
3
=-3t
3
+12t
2
- 12t +4
Bi ton quy v tm minf(t); max f(t) vi:
f(t) =-3t
3
+12t
2
- 12t +4 (0 s s 1)
D'
x
B
M
C
O
A
z
a
y
a 3
Hnh 36
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
94
f'(t) =-9t
2
+24t - 12 =3(-3t
2
+8t - 4)
A' =16 - 12 =4 ; t
1
=
4 2 2
3 3
+
=
; t
2
=
4 2
2
3

Do 0 s t s 1:
f(0) =0, f(1) =1, f
2 4
3 9
| |
=
|
\ .

Vy c: min y =min f (t) =f
2 4
3 9
| |
=
|
\ .
, t khi x =
2
6
3
.
Max y =max f(t) =f(0) =4 khi x =0
2. Tnh tch phn I =
2 5
2
1
x in
x
in
e dx
e
}

t 1
x
e t = e
x
=t
2
+1; e
x
dx =2tdt
1n2 s t s 2
I =
( )
( )
2
2 2
2
1 1
1 .2
2 1
t tdt
t dt
t
+
} = } + =
3
2
1
8 1
2 2 2 1
3 3 3
t
t
| |
| |
= +
| |
\ .
\ .

=
7 20
2 1
3 3
| |
+ =
|
\ .

Cu V: Cc s t nhin gm 6 ch s khc nhau c chn t tp 6 ch s cho
c dng.
{ }
1 2 3 4 5 6
( 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 ; )
i i j
a a a a a a a a a e =
Sao cho a
1
+a
2
+a
3
=a
4
+a
5
+a
6
- 1
a
1
+a
2
+a
3
+a
4
+a
5
+a
6
=2(a
4
+a
5
+a
6
) - 1
21 =1 +2 +3 +4 +5 +6 =2(a
4
+a
5
a
6
) - 1
a
4
+a
5
+a
6
=11, suy ra: a
1
+a
2
+a
3
=10 (1)
V a
1
+a
2
+a
3
e {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6} nn h thc (1) ch c th tho mn trong
ba kh nng sau (a
1
, a
2
, a
3
phn bit nhau):
a
1
=1, a
2
=3, a
3
=6 v cc hon v ca ba s 1, 3, 6
a
1
=1, a
2
=4, a
3
a
1
=2, a
2
=3, a
3
Mi b s a
1
, a
2
, a
3
nu trn to ra 3! hon v, mi hon v d li c ghp
vi 3! Hon v ca b s a
4
, a
5
, a
6
, v vy tng cng cc s t nhin gm 6 ch s
tho mn i hi ca bi l: 3.3!3! =3.6.6 =108 s.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
95
S 10

Cu I:
Cho hm s y =
2 1
1
x
x

1. Kho st v v th (C) ca hm s (1) . (Hc sinh t gii).
2. Phng trnh ng tim cn ng: x =1
Phng trnh ng tim cn ngang: y =2
y' (x) =
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 1 2 1
1
1 1
x x x
x x

=

Gi x
o
l honh ca im M e (C). Theo gii thuyt tip tuyn ca (C) ti
im M vung gc vi ng thng IM nn phi c: y'(x
o
).k
IM
=-1
Trong k
Im
l h s gc ca ng thng IM
k
IM
=
( )
1
2
1
( ) 2 1
1
1
o M
M o
o
y x y y
y x x
x

= =

Th vo (2) ta c:
( )
2 2
1 1
. 1
( 1)
1
o
o
x
x
=

(x
o
- 1)
4
=1 x
o
- 1 =61

0, 1
2, 3
o o
o o
x y
x y
= =
= =

Vy c hai im M
1
(0;1) v M
2
(2;3) tho mn yu cu ca bi.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh

( )
2
2 3 cos 2sin
2 4
1
2cos 1
x
x
x
| |

|
\ .
=

iu kin: cosx
1
2
= .
Vi iu kin phng trnh:
(2 - 3) cos x - 1 os
2
c x
(
| |

| (
\ .
=2cos x - 1
3cos sin 0 x x + =
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
96

1 3
sin cos 0
2 2
x x =
sin 0
3 3
x x k

| |
= =
|
\ .

3
(2 1)
1 3
cos
2
x k
x n
x
= +

= + +
`
=

)

1 1 2
2 4
2log ( 1) log 6 0 x x + + s
iu kin: x >1.
Ta c log
1 2 1 2
2 4
1
log ;log ( 1) log ( 1)
2
x x x x = =
Do d bt phng trnh tng ng vi:
2 2 2
log log ( 1) log 6 0 x x + s
( )
2 2
log 1 log 6 x x ( >

2
6 ( 1) x x x > >

2
6 0
1
x x
x
>
`
>
)
x 3 >
Cu III:
1. a) Phng trnh d
1
,d
2
:
Gi (x
0
,y
0
) l to im tip xc, ta c phng trnh d
1
,d
2
c dng

0
0
1
4
x x
y y + =
D
1
,d
2
qua M(-2;3) nn
0
0 0 0
( 2)
.3 1 2(3 1).
4
x
y x y
+ = =
(x
0
,y
0
) l tip im ca d
1
, d
2
vi (E) nn:
2
2 0
0
1
4
y
x
+ = (1)
Th x
0
=2(3y
0
1) vo (1) ta c
( )
2 2
2
0 0
0 0
3 1 1 10 6 0 y y
y y
+ = =

0 0
3
0,
5
y y = =
Vi y
0
=0 ta c x
0
=-2 v c d
1
: x =-2.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
97
Vi y
0
=
3
5
ta c x
0
=
8
5
v c d
2
:
2 x +3y - 5 =0.
b) D nhn thy rng tip tuyn d qua N(5;n) khng song song vi d
1
; do
d
1
//d
2
theo tnh cht i xng ca (E) th d c phng trnh 2 x +3y - 5 =0 ( v
qua im i xng ca (-2;3) qua O l (2;-3)).
d i qua N (5; n) nn 2.5 +3.n +5 =0 n =5.
2. Gi H l trung im ca BC.
Do S.ABC u l AABC nn chn ng cao O ca S.ABC trng vi giao im 3
ng cao AABC v ASBC cn ti S. Suy ra BCSH, BCAH nn ZABC =.
a). Ta c AH =
3 1 3
2 3 2
a a
HO AH = = .
Trong ASHO c SO =HOtag =
3
6
a
tag,
SH =
6
os 6cos
HO a
c
=
Din tch AABC: S =
2
3
4
a
.
Vy th tch ca hnh chp S.ABC l:
V =
2 2
1 1 3 3
. . .
3 3 4 6 24
a a a tag
S SO tag

= =
b) Din tch AABC l

1 1 6
. .
2 2 6 os
ABC
a
BC SH a
c
S
= = .
Gi h l khong cch t A n mp (SBC) ta c:

3
2
3
1 3 3sin
24
.
3 2 3
12 os
ABVC
ABC
a tag
V a
V S h h
a
c
S
= = = = .
Cch khc: Chn dng cao ca t din S.ABC nm trn SH. T h =AH
sin =
3
sin
2
a
.
3. Ta vit mt phng (P) i qua I, K v lp vi mp (xOy) mt gc 30
0
di dng
on chn, tc (P) c phng trnh:
B
C
O
h
A
S

a
Hnh 37
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
98
1
3 1
x y z
b
+ + =
(d thy nu (P) qua I, K v // Ox th n to vi mp (xOy) mt gc = 30
0
).
Mt phng (xOy) c vect php 1 n
=(0;0;1).
Mt phng (P) c vect php
2
1 1
; ;1
3
n
b
| |
=
|
\ .
.
Suy ra:
1 2
0
2 2
.
3
os30
2
.
n n
c
n n
= =

2 2 2
2 2
1 1
0. 0. 1.1
3 3
2 1 1
0 0 1 1
3
b
b
+ +
=
+ + + +

2 2
2 2
1 3 1 1 4
1
1 1
4 3 3
1
3
b
b
= + + =
+ +

2 2
1 4 1 2
1
3 3 9 b
= =
3 2
2
b =
Vy phng trnh cc mt phng qua I, K cn tm l:

3 2
1
3 2 1
x z
+ + = , 1
3 1 3 2
2
x y z
+ =
Cu IV:
1. C 3 kh nng:
5 Nam v 1 n c
1
7 C
cch chn
4 nam v 2 n c
4 2
5 7
.
C C
cch
3 nam v 3 n c
3 3
5 7
.
C C
cch
Tng s cch chn 6 em trong s n t hn 4 l

1 4 2 3 3
7 5 7 5 7
. . 7 5.21 10.35 C C C C C + + = + + = 462 cch
2. f' (2) =
2
6
3( 1)
( )
( 1)
x x
x
a b e x e
x
+
+ +
+

2
3
( 1)
( 1)
x
a
be x
x
= + +
+

F'(0) =-3a +b

1 1 1
3
0 0 0
( ) ( 1) ( 1) ( )
x
f x dx a x d x b xd e
= + + +
} } }

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
99

1 2
0
1 1
( 1)
.
0 0 2
x x
x
a b xe e dx
| |
= +
|
\ .
}

1
1 . ( 1)
2 4
a
b e b e
| |
= +
|
\ .

3
8
a
b = +
Ta c h:
3 22
3
5
8
a b
a
b
= =
+ =

8
2
a
b
=

Cu V:
Chng minh rng
2
cos 2
2
x
x
e x x x IR + > + e (1)
chng minh bt ng thc (1) ta ln lt chng minh hai bt ng thc sau:
a) 1 ,
x
e x x R > + e
b) cos x
2
1
2
x
x R > e
Chng minh a)Lp hm s f(x) =e 1
x
x
f' (x) =e 1
x

f' (x) =0 x =0
Chiu bin thin:
x - 0 +
f'(x) - 0 +
f(x)
Min f(x)

T bng bin thin ta c min ( ) (0) 0
k R
f x f
e
= =
Suy ra 1
x
e x x R > + e
Chng minh b) Lp hm g(x) =cosx +
2
1
2
x

g(x) l hm chn, ch cn xt x > 0
g'(x) =- sinx =x
g"(x) =-cosx +1 > 0
g'(x) ng bin trn khong [0; +] g'(x) > g'(0) =0 x > 0
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
100
g(x) ng bin trn khong [0; +] g (x) > g(0) =0 x > 0.
V g(-x) =g(x) g(x) > 0 x e IR cosx > 1-
2
2
x
x IR e
T a) v b) ta dc iu phi chng minh.
Ch thch: cc bt ng thc a) v b) c nhiu ng dng trong nhiu bi ton khc.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
101
S 11

Cu I:
2 2
5 6
3
x x m
y
x
+ + +
=
+
khi m =1
(Hc sinh t gii)
2. tm m hm s ng bin trn khong (1;+):
Ta c:
2 2
2
(2 5)( 3) ( 5 6)
( 3)
x x x x m
y
x
+ + + + +
=
+

=
2 2
2
6 9
( 3)
x x m
x
+ +
+

hm s ng bin trn khong (1;+) iu kin cn v l y'/0
x e (1;+) v y'(x) ch bng 0 ti cc im ri rc ca khong

2 2
6 9 / 0, /1 x x x m x + + (1)
Gi x
1
,x
2
l cc nghim ca phng trnh x
2
+6x +9 - m
2
=0
Ta c: x
1
=-3 - m; x
2
=-3 +m.
Khi m =0 th x
1
=x
2
v bt phng trnh (1) lun tho mn
Khi m >0 , tho mn i hi ca bi ton, khong (1, +) phi nm bn
ngoi khong (x
1
, x
2
) tc l
x
2
<x
1
s 1 -3 +m s 1 0 <m s 4.
Khi m <0, ta c x
2
<x
1
, tho mn bi ton phi c x
2
<x
1
s 1
-3 - 3 s 1 0 >m > -4.
Tng hp ba trng hp trn ta c -4 s m s 4
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh
( )
( )
2
os cos 1
2 1 sin
sin cos
c x x
x
x x
= +
+

iu kin: sinx +cosx = 2sin 0
4
x
| |
+ =
|
\ .
.
Vi iu kin y phng trnh tng ng vi:
(1 - sin
2
x) (cosx - 1) =2(sinx +sosx) (1 +sinx0
(1 +sinx) [(1 - sinx)(cosx - 1)- 2(sinx +cosx)]=0

sinx 1 sinx 1
(1 cos )(1 sinx) 0 cos 1 x x
= =

+ + = =

(tho mn iu kin)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
102

2
4
2
x k
k Z
x k
= +
= +

2. f(x) =xlog
x
2 (x>0, x =1)
Tnh f'(x) v gii bt phng trnh f'(0) s 0;

2 2
1
( )
log log
x
f x x
x x
= =

2 2
2 2
2 2
2 1
log . log
ln2 ln2
'( )
(log ) (log )
x x x
x
f x
x x

= =
Ta c: f'(x) s 0

2
1
log 0
ln2
x s (do >0 nn, x = 1 nn ( )
2
2
log 0 x > )

2 2
log log x e s
1
x x e
x
< s

Cu III:
1. Vect php tuyn ca ng cao k t B l
1
n
=(2;1). Suy ra ng thng AC

c phng trnh 2(x - 1) +(y - 0) hay 2x +y -2 =0, Vect php tuyn ca ng
cao k t C l
2
n
=(1;3). Suy ra ng thng AB c phng trnh

1. (x - 1) - 3(y - 0) =0 hay x - 3y - 1 =0.
To ca B l nghim ca h:

2 1 0
( 5; 2).
3 1 0
x y
B
x y
+ =

To C l nghim ca phng trnh:

3 1 0
( 1;4)
2 2 0
x y
C
x y
+ =

+ =

Gi H l chn ng h t C xung AB th to ca H l nghim ca h

3 1 0
2 1
;
3 1 0 5 5
x y
H
x y
+ =
| |
|
=
\ .

Ta c
1
.
2
ABC
S AB CH
A
= trong d:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
103

2 2
2 2
(5 1) ( 2 0) 2 10
2 1 7
1 4 10
5 5 5
AB
CH
= + =
| | | |
= + + =
| |
\ . \ .

Vy
1 7
.2 10. 10 14
2 5
ABC
S
A
= =
2. Mt cu (S) c tm I(1; -1; 1) v bn knh R =3. Gi d l khong cch t I
n (P). (S) tip xc vi (P) ta cn c d =3.

2
2 2 2
2
2 2
2.1 2.( 1) 1.1 3
3
2 2 1
3 1 9
3 1 9 3 10 0
2; 5
m m
d
m m
m m m m
m m
+ +
= =
+ +
+ =
- + = + =
= =

2 2
3 1 9 3 8 0 m m m m - + = + + = v nghim.
Vy m cn tm l m =-5; m =2
Mt phng (P) c vect php (2;2;1) n =
.
ng thng (d) i qua I v (P) c phng trnh:

1 1 1
2 2 1
x y z +
= =
Vi m cn tm l m =-5, m =2.
Mt phng (P) c vect php n
=(2; 2; 1).
ng thng (d) i qua I v (P) c phng trnh:

1 1 1
2 2 1
x y z +
= = .
Vi m =-5 v m =2 phng trnh can(P) l
2x +2y +z - 10 =0
To tip im l nghim ca h
( )
2 2 10 0
3;1;2
1 1 1
2 2 1
x y z
x y z
+ + =

+
= =

3. SA (ABC) SA AC. Do
ASAC vung ti A. M l trung
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
104
im SC nn MA = .
2
SC
ABC A
vung ti B. Vy MB =
2
S C
. T
MA =MB. Vy AAMB cn ti
M.
T M k MN // SA. T H k HK //
BC. Do SA AB. T MN =
2
SA
a = ,
HK =
2
BC
a = v t AB HK suy ra AB
MK.
Ta c MK =
2 2 2 2
2. MH HK a a a + = + =
Vy
2
1 1 2
. . 2 .
2 2 2
AMB
a
S AB MK a a
A
= = =
Cu IV:
1. T 9 ch s 0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8 c th lp c bao nhiu s t nhin chn m
mi s gm 7 ch s khc nhau?
Cc s phi lp l nhn nn phi c ch s ng cui cng l 0 hoc
2;4;6;8.
Trng hp ch s 0 ng cui cng th 6 ch s cn li ca s c lp
ng vi mt chnh hp chp 6 ca 8 ch s cn li, do c
6
8
A thuc loi ny.
Trng hp mi mt trong cc ch s 2; 4; 6; 8 ng cui cng th 6 ch s
cn li ca s t nhin c lp cng ng vi chnh hp chp 6 ca 8 ch s (k
c cc s t nhin c ch s 0 ng u m thc cht l s c 6 ch s). V vy
lng cc s loi ny gm
( )
6 5
8 7
4. A A .
Vy lp c tt c
( )
6 6 5
8 8 7
4 90720 A A A + = s t nhin chn gm 7 ch s
khc nhau trong 9 ch s cho.
2. Tnh
2 2
1 1
3 2
0 0
x x
I x e dx x e xdx = =
} }

t x
2
=t, ta c:
1 1
0 0
x t
B
K
C
M
S
A
H
Hnh 40
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
105

( )
1 1
0 0
1 1
2 2
t t
I te dt td e = =
} }

=
1
0
1 1
1 1 1 1 1
0 0 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
t t t
e e
te e dt e e
| |
= = + =
|
\ .
}

Vy
1
2
I =
Cu V:
Ta c:

( ) ( )
2
2 2
2
2
1 1
1 os2 1 os2 sin
2 2
1
1 2 os( ). os( ) sin os cos . os( )
2
1 1 1
cos ( ) os ( )
2 os 4 4
Q c A c B C
c A B c A B C c C C c A B
C A B c A B
c
= +
= + = +
(
= + >
(

Vy
1
4
Q >
V
0
0
120
1
1
4 cos
30
2
A B
C
Q
C
A B
=
=

=

=
= =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
106
S 12

Cu I:
1. Kho st v th hm s y =2x
3
- 3x -1 (C)
2. Phng trnh d
k
: y +1 =kx y =kx - 1.
Phi xc nh k sao cho phng trnh:
2x
3
- 3x
2
- 1 =kx - 1 x(x
2
- 3x -k) =0, c 3 nghim phn bit.
2x
2
- 3x - k =0 c hai nghim phn bit = 0

9
9 8 0
8
0
0
k k
k
k
A = + > >

=

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh
2cos 4
cotx t nx
sin2
x x
a
x
= +
iu kin: sin2x = 0 cos2x = 1
Vi iu kin phng trnh
cos sinx os4
sinx cos sinx.cos
x c x
x x
=

2
os2 os4 2cos 2 os2 1 0 c x c x x c x = =

os2 1: ai
1
os2
2 3
c x lo
c x x k
= = +

2. Gii phng trnh: log
5
(5
x
- 4) =1 - x. iu kin: 5
x
- 4 >0
Thy ngay x =1 l mt nghim.
t f(x) = log
5
(5
x
- 4) - 1 +x l mt hm s ng bin.
Suy ra x =1 l nghim duy nht.
Cu III:
1. a) I l trung im ca AB nn c to I ( 1; 0; 2);
AB =
(-2; -2; 2) =-2 (1;1;-1). Mt phng (P) d qua I v vung gc vi

AB c phng trnh.
1.(x - 1) +1 (y - 0) - 1 (z - 2) =0
Hay: x +y - z +1 =0
K l giao im ca d vi (P) nn to d ca K l nghim ca h.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
107
( )
1 0
3 2 11 0 3; 1;3
3 8 0
x y z
x y K
y z
+ + =
+ =

Trong phng trnh xc nh d t x = 2t ta c y = 3t -
11
2
, z =
( )
1 9
8
3 2
y t = + . Vy ta c vct ch phng ( ) 2;3; 1
d
n =
v ( ) 2; 1;1 . IK =

Ta c ( ) ( ) . 2.2 3 1 1 .1 0
d
n IK = + + =

. Vy d IK.
b) Mt phng c phng trnh x +y - z +1 =0 chnh l mt phng (P). Gi h
d
l
hnh chiu vung gc ca d trn (P) ta c IK d, KI h
d
, do mt phng cha
d, h
d
c phng trnh 2. (x - 3) - 1. (y +1) +1 . (x - 3) =0
(mp cha im K v vung gc vi IK
)
hay 2x - y +z - 10 =0
Vy phng trnh tng qut ca hnh chiu ca d trn mt phng (P) l

2 10 0
1 0
x y z
x y z
+ =
+ + =

2. Trong mt phng (ABC), k AH BC.
Do AD (AVC) nn BC DH. AABC vung ti A
Ta c: BC =
2 2 2 2
AC AB b c + = +

2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 b c
AH AC AB b c b c
+
= + = + =

Do AH
2
=
2 2
2 2
b c
b c +
v
AD (ABC) nn AD AH. Do :
AH
2
=AD
2
+AH
2

=
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2
2 2 2 2
2 2
b c a b a c b c a b a c b c
a DH
b c b c
b c
+ + + +
+ = =
+ +
+

Vy
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2
1 1 1
. . .
2 2 2
ABC
a b a c b c
S BC DH b c a b a c b c
b c
A
+ +
= = + = + +
+

C
B
A
c
a
b
H
A
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
108
Ta c
( )
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2
. . .
2 2 2
b c a c a b
abc a b c a bc b ac c ab a b c
+ + +
+ + = + + s + +

( theo bt quy tc Csi)

2 2 2 2 2
2
BC
a b a c b c S
A
+ + =
( .p.c.m)
Cu IV:
1. Tm s t nhin n tho mn

2 2 2 3 3 3
2 100
n n
n n n n n n
C C C C C C

+ + = (1)
H thc (1)
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2 3 3
2 100
n n n n
C C C C + + =

( )
2
2 3
100
n n
C C + =

2 3
10
n n
C C + =

( ) ( ) 1 ( 1) 2
10
2 6
n n n n n
+ =

( ) ( )( )
2 2
3 2 60 n n n n n + =

( )( )
2
3 2 60 n n n + =

( ) ( )
2
1 60 n n n + =
( ) ( ) 1 1 3.4.5 n n n + =

*
( 1) ( 1) 60 n n n
n
+ =

n =4
2. Tnh
2
1
1
1
e
x
I nxdx
x
+
= }

1 2
1 1
dx
I = 1nx.xdx+ 1nx =I +I
x
e e
} }

2
1
1 1
1 . . 1 .
2
e e
x
I nx x dx nx d
| |
= } = }
|
\ .

=
2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
1
1 .
2 2 2 4 4 4
e
e e
x x dx e x e
nx
x
} = = +
( )
2
2
1 1 1
1 1
1 . 1 . 1 1
2 2
e e
e
dx
I nx nx d nx n x
x
= } = } = =
Vy I =I
1
+I
2
=
2 2
1 1 3
4 2 4
e e + +
+ = .
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
109
Cu V:
Xc nh dng ca tam gic ABC bit rng
(p - a) sin
2
A +(p - b)sin
2
B =csinA . sinB (1)
H thc (1) (p - a) a
2
+(p - b) b
2
=abc

( ) ( )
1
p a a
p b b
bc ac

+ =

( ) ( )
p a a
p b b
p p p
bc ac

+ =

2 2
os os
2 2
A B
ac bc p + =
( ) ( ) 1 cos 1 cos a A b B a b c + + + = + +
cos cos sin2 sin2 2 a A b B A B sinC + = + =
( ) os 1 c A B = A =B, tc tam gic cn.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
110
S 13

Cu I:
1. Bn c t gii.
2. Ta c y =4x
3
- 4m
2
x =0 4x(x
2
- m
2
) =0
2 2
0
(*)
x
x m
=

th hm s c ba cc tr th pt (*) c hai nghim phn bit khc 0
0 m =
Khi honh ca ba im cc tr l x
1
=0; x
2
=m; x
3
=-m.
ta ca ba im cc tr l: A(0;1); B(m;-m
4
+1); C(-m; -m
4
+1)
Ta c:

4 4
2 8
2 8
( ; ), ( ; ) AB m m AC m m
AB m m
AC m m
= =
= +
= +

Hay tam gic ABC lun cn ti A.
Vy ABC vung cn th . 0 AB AC AB AC =

-m
2
+m
8
=0
0
1
m
m
=

Kt hp k suy ra m= 1
Cu II:
1. Gii pt: 4(sin
3
x +cos
3
x) =cosx +3sinx
Vi cosx = 0: khng tha mn pt.
Vi cosx 0: chia hai v cho cos
3
x ta c: 4tan
3
x +4 =1 +tan
2
x +3tanx(1 +
tan
2
x)
tan
3
x tan
2
x -3tanx +3 =0(tanx 1)(tan
2
x 3) =0
tan 1
4
,
tan 3
3
x k
x
k
x
x k
= +
=
e
=

= +

2 2 2
2 2
4
2
log [log ( 2 )]<0 log ( 2 ) 1 2 2
2 2 (*)
x x x x x x x x x
x x x
+ + > + >
>

Gii (*): k:
2
0
2 0
1
2
x
x x
x
s
>

>

Trng hp 1: nu x > 2 bpt lun tha mn vi mi x tha mn k nn x > 2
Trng hp 2:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
111
nu
2 2 2
4 4
2:(*) 2 4 4 3 4 0
1 1 2
x x
x x x x x x x
x x
< <
s > + + >

> < s

Vy tp nghim ca bpt l S =( ; 4) (1; ) +
Cu III:
1. Gi tm ng trn l I(a;b). Ta c:
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
2 2
( 1) ( 1) (1)
1 2
( ;( ))
(2)
2
a b a b
IA IO
a b
IO d I d
a b
+ + = +
=

+
=
+ =

(1) b=a +1 th vo (2): a
2
+(a +1)
2
=1 2a
2
+2a =0
0, 1
1, 0
a b
a b
= =
= =

Vi I(0;1), R = 1 suy ra pt ng trn l: x
2
+(y 1)
2
=1
Vi I(-1;0), R = 1 suy ra pt ng trn l: (x +1)
2
+y
2
=1

2. a) Ta c: C(2; 0; 0), B
1
(1; 0; 2), D
1
(0; 1; 2)
1 1
(0;1;0), ( 1;0; 2) [BC; ]=( 2;0;1) BC BA n BA = = =

Phng trnh mp(A
1
BC): 2 2 0 x z + =
Gi () l mp cha B
1
D
1
v vung gc vi (A
1
BC)
Ta c:
1 1
1 1 1 1
( 1;1;0), ( 2;0;1) [ ; ] (1;1; 2)
A BD A BD
B D n n B D n = = = =

Vy ptmp() l: 2 1 0 x y z + + =
Suy ra pt hnh chiu ca B
1
D
1
ln (P) l giao tuyn
ca hai mt phng:

2 1 0
2 2 0
x y z
x z
+ + =
+ =

nn ng thng B
1
D
1
c phng trnh:
1
2 2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

b) rng mf i qua A v vung gc vi A
1
C
th cha AC
1
, do tam gic AA
1
C vung cn. Mf ny
ct BB
1
, CC
1
ti cc trung im E, F.
AE ct A
1
B ti J, AF ct A
1
D ti K. Thit din l tam gic IJ K.
Cu IV:
1.
2 3
2
0
0 0 0
1 os2x
sin | cos2 .
2 4 2 4 2
c x
V x xdx x dx x xdx I

= = = =
} } }

Ta tnh I:
B
1
D
D
1
C
1
A
1
B
C
A
B
1
D
D
1
C
1
A
1
B
C
A
K
J
I
F
E
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
112
t
0 0
0
sin2 sin2 os2x
| | 0
sin2
os2xdx 2 2 4
2
du dx
u x
x x c
I x dx
x
dv c v

=
=
= = =

= =
}

Vy V =
3
4
(vtt)
2. Theo gi thit, ta c:
7 3
2 ( , 7)
! !
2. ( 3)( 4)( 5)( 6) 2.7.6.5.4
( 7)!.7! ( 3)!.3!
n n
C C n n
n n
n n n n
n n
= e >
= =

Cu V:
T h phng trnh
x - my =2 - 4m
mx +y =3m +1
ta c:
Ta c:
2 2 2
1 - m 2 - 4m - m 1 2 - 4m
D = 1 , D 3 3 2, D 4 1
m 1 3m +1 1 m 3m +1
x y
m m m m m = + = = + = = + +
0, D m = H lun lun c nghim duy nht:

2
2
2
2
3 3 2
1
4 1
1
m m
x
m
m m
y
m
+
=
+ +
+

2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
2 2 2 2 2 2 2
3 3 2 4 1 3 3 2
2 2.
1 1 1
3 1 3 3 1
3 4 2 3
1 1 1
3 1 9 6 1 3 6 9 3 1
9 6. 16 8. 2 3
1 (1 ) 1 (1 ) 1
m m m m m m
A x y x
m m m
m m m
m m m
m m m m m m m
m m m m m
| | | | + + + +
= + = + =
| |
+ + +
\ . \ .
+ + | | | | | |
= + + =
| | |
+ + +
\ . \ . \ .
| | | | + + + + +
= + + + +
| |
+ + + + +
\ . \ .
2
2 2 2 2
10( 1) 4 28 4 18
19 19
(1 ) 1 1
m m m
m m m
| |
=
|
\ .
+ + +
= + =
+ + +

t
2
2
4 18
4 18 0 (*)
1
m
y ym m y
m
+
= + =
+

+y =0: (*) c nghim.
+y = 0: Phng trnh c nghim khi ch khi: ' A =4 - y(y - 18) > 0
y
2
-18y - 4 s 0 9 - 85 s y s 9 + 85 - 9 - 85 s - y s - 9 + 85
28 - 85 s 19 - y s 28 + 85.
Vy, maxA = 28 + 85.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
113
S 14

Cu I:
1. Bn c t gii.
2. y' = 3x
2
- 4mx +m
2

Phng trnh y' =0 c mt nghim x = 1 m
2
- 4m +3 =0
m =1 hoc m = - 3. khi nghim kia x =
4
3
m
.
Vi x
1
<x
2
l hai nghim ca phng trnh y' =0 th hm s t cc tiu ti x
2
.
Suy ra m =1 khng tha, m = - 3 tha.
Cu II:
1. k: ,
2
k
x k
= e
1 1
2( osx-sinx)+ 0
sinx osx
1
( osx-sinx)(2+ ) 0
sinx.cosx
osx-sinx=0
os(x+ ) 0
4 1
sinx.cosx=-
sin2 1
2
4
,
4
pt c
c
c
c
c
x
x k
k
x k

=
=

=

=

= +
= +

2. k: 2 x =
bpt 2
x-1
+6x 11 >4x 8 2
x-1
>3 2x
Vi x > 2: Ta thy bpt lun tha mn.
Vi x s 2: bpt 2
x-1
<3- 2x (1)
Xt f(x) =2
x-1
l hm ng bin trn R
g(x) =3-2x l hm nghch bin trn R.
Bt phng trnh (1) tng ng f(x) > g(x) (2)
Nu x <1: f(x) <f(1) =g(1) <g(x): bpt khng tha (2).
Nu 1 < x s 2: f(x) >f(1) =g(1) >g(x): tha (2).
Nu x = 1: f(x) = f(1) = g(1) = g(x): khng tha (2).
Vy tp nghim ca bpt l S =(1; +)
Cch 2. bpt 2
x-1
+6x 11 >4x 8 2
x-1
- 3 +2x >0 (3)
Xt f(x) =2
x-1
+2x - 3.
f '(x) =2
x-1
ln2 +2 >0, x.
(3) f(x) >0 =f(1) x >1.
Cu III:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
114
1. Gi A(a; 2a + 5).
Do 2 IA IB =

nn B l trung im ca IA suy ra B
2 2 5
( ; )
2 2
a a +

V
2
2 2 5
3 0 1
2 2
a a
B d a
+
e + = = . Vy A(1;7)
Ta c (3;7) ( 7;3) IA n = =

.
Vy ptt (d) l: -7(x 2) +3y =0 hay -7x +3y +14 =0.
2. Chn M(3; 6; 1) e(d) v ( 2;2;1)
d
u =

Ta c:

( 4; 2;5); ( 2;2;1) [AB; ]=(-12;-6;-12)
[AB; ].AM 0
d d
d
AB u u
u
= =
=

Vy t (d) v AB ng phng.
Ta c pt tham s t (d) l:
3 2
6 2
1
x t
y t
z t
=
= +
= +

Gi C(3 2t; 6 +2t; 1+t), do ABC cn ti A nn AB =AC
Suy ra: (1 +2t)
2
+(4 +2t)
2
+(1 t)
2
=(3- 2t)
2
+(6 +2t)
2
+(6 t)
2

7
2
t =
Vy C(-4; 13; 9/2)
3. K ( ) AM BC BC SMA
Trong SAM k ( ) AH SM AH SBC
Ta c:
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1 1 4 3
9 3 9 2
a
AH
AH SA AM a a a
= + = + = =

Cu IV:
1.
3 3 3 2
3
3 2 2 1
1 1 1
1 ln(1 )
( ) (ln )
(1 ) 1 2
ln4 ln2 1 3
ln 3 ln
2 2 2 2
dx dx x x
I dx x
x x x x x x
+
= = = =
+ + +
= + =
} } }

2. (2 +x)
10
=a
0
+a
1
x +a
2
x +.+a
100
x .
Ta c:
100
100 100
100
0
(2 ) .2 .
k k k
k
x C x
=
+ =

Mt khc:
S
C
B
M
H
A
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
115

2 98
100
2 100 100 100
100
3 97
0
3 100
98 97
2 3
.2
(2 ) .2
.2
100! 100!
.2 .2 6 98
98!.2! 97!.3!
k k
k
k
a C
x a C
a C
a a
=
=
+ = =

=
< < <

Nh vy a
2
<a
3

Ta c:

100 100 1
1
100! 100!
.2 .2
(100 )!. ! (100 1)!.( 1)!
98
( 1).2 100 .
3
k k
k k
a a
k k k k
k k k

+
< <
+
+ < <

Vy 0 32 k s s
Cu V:
2
x
sinx+
2
x
y e =
Ta c:
' "
( ) osx+x; f ( ) sinx+1>0, x
x x
f x e c x e = = + e
Suy ra f
(x) l hm ng bin.
Nu x > 0: f (x) > f (0) = 0 hay f(x) l hm ng bin trn (0; +).
Nu x < 0: f (x) < f (0) = 0 hay f(x) l hm nghch bin trn (-; 0).
Ta c bng bin thin:
x - 0
+
f (x) - 0 +
f(x) +
+
0
T bng bin thin suy ra gi tr nh nht ca f(x) = 0 khi x = 0 v pt f(x) =3 lun
c hai nghim phn bit.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
116
S 15

Cu I:
1. Bn c t gii.
2. Ta c:
2 2
2 2
(2 2 )( 1) 2 2 2 2 2
'
( 1) ( 1)
x m x x mx x x m
y
x x
+ +
= =

hm s c 2 cc tr th pt y =0 c 2 nghim phn bit
2
2 2 2 0 x x m + = c 2 nghim phn bit 1
' 1 2 2 0
3
2 3 2
m
m
m
A = + >
<

Ta c pt ng thng i qua cc cc tr l y =2x 2m hay 2x y 2m =0.
Suy ra pcm.
Cu II:
1. sin4x.sin7x =cos3x.cos6x
cos3x cos11x =cos3x +cos9x
cos9x +cos11x =0
2.cos10x.cosx =0
os10x =0
20 10
osx =0
2
k
x
c
c
x k

= +

= +

2.
3
log log 3
x
x > (k: x > 0; x 1)
t t = log
3
x, bpt tr thnh:
2
1 0
1 1 1
0 0
1
t
t
t t
t t t t
< <
> > >

>

Suy ra:
3
3
1
1 log 0 1
3
log 1
3
x x
x
x
< < < <

>
>

Vy tp nghim ca bpt l: S =(1/3;1)(3; +)
Cu III:
2. a) Ta c: ( 1;1;1) AM =

T suy ra pt ng thng AM l:
2 x t
y t
z t
=

Gi H l hnh chiu vung gc ca O ln AM, ta c H(2 t; t;
t) (2 ; ; ) OH t t t =

M
2 4 2 2
2 0 ( ; ; )
3 3 3 3
OH AM t t t t H + + = =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
117
Mt khc H l trung im ca OO nn
8 4 4
'( ; ; )
3 3 3
O
b) Theo gi thit A,M,B,C ng phng nn [ ; ].AM 0 AB AC =

. Ta c:
( 2; ;0); =(-2;0;c); AM ( 1;1;1)
[AB; ] =(bc; 2c; 2b) [AB; ].AM 2 2 0
2
AB b AC
AC AC bc c b
bc
b c
= =
= + + =
+ =

Ta c:
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1
( ) 4 4 2 8
2 2
dt ABC b c b c b c bc = + + =
Theo trn 2 4 16
2
bc
b c bc bc bc = + > > >
Khi :
2 2 2
1 1 1
( ) 2 8 2( 2) 8 384 4 6
2 2 2
dt ABC b c bc bc = = > =
Vy dt(ABC) nh nht l 4 6 khi b =c =4.
Cu IV:
1.
3 3
osx osx
0 0
sin2 2 . osx.sin
c c
I e xdx e c xdx

= =
} }

t t = cosx sin dx. dt x =
Vi x = 0t =1; vi
1
3 2
x t
= =

1
1
2
2. .
t
I e tdt =
}

t
1
1 1
1 1
2 2 1
2
2 2
2. 2. 2 2
t t
t t t
u t du dt
dv e dt v e
I t e e dt e e e e
= =

= =

= = =
}

2.
0 0
(1 2 ) .(2 ) .2.
n n
n k k k k k
n n
k k
x C x C x
= =
+ = =

Vi .2
k k
k n
a C =
*) a
2
<a
3

2 2 3 3
.2 .2 3 2( 2)
n n
C C n < < (hin nhin ng vi n > 3)
*) Gi a
k
l h s ln nht, suy ra:
1 1
1
1 1
1
.2 .2 1 (6 ).2 3 11
4
(6 1).2 3 14
.2 .2
k k k k
k k n n
k k k k
k k
n n
a a C C k k k
k
a a k k k
C C

+ +
+
> > + > >
=

> + > s
>

Vy h s ln nht l a
4
.
Cu V:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
118
2
sin 2sin .sin .tan os sin .sin
2 2
1 osA=cos(B - C) - cos(B +C)
cos(B - C) =1 B =C
A A
A B C c B C
c
= =
+

Vy t gi thit
2 2
A
os sin os sin
2 2
A
c B c B = =
Khi :
A
1-sin
2
S =
A
cos
2

t
A
t =cos
2
v
0 0
2
0 90 1
2
A t < s s <
Ta c
2
1- 1 - t 2
S =f(t) = , [ ;1)
t 2
t e
2
2
1- 1 - t 2
f '(t) = 0, [ ;1)
t 2
t > e
Vy S
min
=f(
2
2
) = 2 1 khi A = 90
0
, B =C =45
0
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
119
S 16

Cu I:
1. Bn c t gii.
2. pt(d): y =
1
3
x +1. V tip tuyn vung gc vi (d) nn tip tuyn c h s
gc bng -3.
Gi M(x
0
; y
0
) l tip im, ta c f (x
0
) =-3.
2
0 2 2
0
0 0
0 0
4 4
'( ) 1 1 3 ( 1) 1
( 1) ( 1)
0 4
2 6
f x x
x x
x y
x y
= = + =
+ +
= =

= =

Vy c hai tip tuyn c phng trnh l: y =-3x +4 v y =-3x 12

Cu II:
1. 2sinx.cos2x +sin2x.cosx =sin4x.cosx
2sinx.cos2x +sin2x.cosx.(1-2cos2x) =0
2sinx.(cos2x +cos
2
x(1 2cos2x))=0
sinx =0 x =k
1+cos2x
cos2x + (1 - 2cos2x) =0 (*)
2

Gii (*): t t = cos2x, pt (*) tr thnh: 2t
2
t 1 =0
2 2 1 os2x =1
2 1 1
2 2 cos2x =
3 3 2 2
x k x k t c
x k x k t

= = =

= + = + =

Vy nghim ca pt l
3
x k
x k
= +

2.
2 2
1
(1)
2 2 (2)
x y x
x y y x
x y
+
+ = +

T (1): (x y).(x +y 1) =0
1
x y
y x
=

Nu x = y thay vo (2) ta c: 2
2x
2
x -1
=0
1
2.(2 ) 0 1, 1
2
x x
x y = = =
Nu y = 1 x: thay vo (2) ta c 2 2
x 1
=2x - 1 2
x 1
- 3 +2x =0
D thy x = 1 l mt nghim v v tri l hm s ng bin trn R nn l
nghim duy nht. Vy h pt c nghim l (-1; -1) v (1; 0).
Cu III:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
120
1. Gi C(x; y). Ta c:
//
AB AC
BK BC

(2; 8); ( 1; 4) 4 17 0
4 1 4
( ;6); ( 1; 4) 9 2 17 0
3 4/3 6
AB AC x y x y
x y
BK BC x y x y
= = + + =
+
= = + = =

T suy ra x = 3; y = 5 hay C(3; 5)
2. a) Ta c:
(0;2;0); ( 2;0;2) [ ; ]=(4; 0; 4)
ABC
AB AC n AB AC = = =

n (1;0;1) =
l 1 vc t php tuyn ca (ABC).

Vy ptmp(ABC) l x +z 2 =0.
Gi () l ng thng i qua O v vung gc vi mp(ABC). Ta c pt tham s
ca t () l: 0
x t
y
z t
=

Gi I l hnh chiu vung gc ca O ln mp(ABC) th I l giao im ca t ()
v mp(ABC). Suy ra I(1; 0; 1).
I l trung im ca OO nn O(2; 0; 2).
b) Ta c OH <OA =2
( ; ) 8
1
( ) ( ; ). 8 4
2
d B OH OB
dt OHB d B OH OH
s =
= < <

Vy ta c pcm.
Cu IV:
1.
2
0
.sin I x xdx
=
}

t
2
2 t x t x tdt dx = = =
Vi x = 0, t = 0
Vi x =
2
, t = . Khi :
2
0
2 .sin I t tdt
=
}

t
2
2 2
1
0
0
2 2
2 . ost 4. os 2
ostdt sin
du tdt u t
I t c t c tdt I
v c dv tdt
= =
= + = +

= =

}

Tnh I
1
:
1
0 0
0
4.sin 4sin 4 ost 8 I t t tdt c

= = =
}

Vy
2
2 8 I =
2. Ta c:
2
0 0
1 1
( ) .( )
n n
n k n k k k n k
n n
k k
x C x C x
x x

= =
+ = =

S
H
B
A
O
z
y
x
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
121
Khi :
0 1
23 23 2
23
0
24 1 24 23
1
( )
n n
n
k k
k
C C n n
x C x
x
=
+ = + = =
+ =

Theo bi ra: 23 2k >0 nn
23
11
2
k k < s
Tng
0 1 11
23 23 23
..... S C C C = + + +
M
23
0 1 11 12 13 23 0 1 23 22 11 2
23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23 23
1 2
..... ..... ( ..... ) 2 (2 )
2 2
C C C C C C C C C + + + = + + + = + + + = = =
Vy S l s chnh phng.
Cu V:
Phng trnh cho: x
2

+( m
2

-
5
3
)
2
x +4 +2 - m
2

=0.
t
2
x +4 =t > 2.
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi: t
2

- 4+( m
2

-
5
3
)t +2 - m
2

=0.
3t
2

+( 3m
2

- 5 )t - 6 - 3m
2

=0 3t
2

- 5t - 6 =3m
2

(1 - t)
2
2
3 5 6
3
1
t t
m
t

=
.
t
2
3 5 6
( ) , 2.
1
t t
f t t
t

= >

Ta c
2 2
2 2
(6 5)(1 ) 3 5 6 3 6 11
'( ) 0, 2.
(1 ) (1 )
t t t t t t
f t t
t t
+ +
= = < >

f(t) gim lin tc trn [2; +), f(2) =4 v lim ( )
x
f t
+
= .
Vy phng trnh c nghim khi ch khi
2
3
3 4
2
m m s s .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
122
S 17

Cu I:
1. Bn c t gii.
2. Ta c:
1
x
y
x
=
+
, (C)
Me(C) M(a;
1
a
a +
), d: 3x +4y =0
d(M;d) =1
4
3
5 6 21 1
1 1, ,
5 3 3
a
a
a a a
+
+
= = = =
Cu II:
1.

sinx +sin2x = 3( osx +cos2x) sinx - 3 osx = 3 os2x - sin2x
sin(x - ) sin( 2 )
3 3
2 2 x - 2 2
x =
3 3
9 3
2
x 2 x - 2 2
3 3
c c c
x
k x k
k x k

= +
= = + +

2. Tm max, min ca hm s
2
( 1) 1 y x x = +
k: 1 1. x s s
Ta c:
2
2
2
2
' 1 ( 1). 0
1
1
1 ( 1)
0
1
1
2
x
y x x
x
x
x x x
x
x
= + + =
=
+

=

=

Khi : y(-1) =y(1) =0;
1 3 3
( )
2 4
y =
Vy
3 3
axy
4
m = khi x =
1
2
v miny =0 khi x =1.
Cu III:
1. V Bed
1
nn gi ta B(b; -5-b).
V Ced
2
nn gi ta C(7-2c; c).
Do G(2; 0) l trng tm ABC nn ta c:
2 7 2 6 2 3 1
3 5 0 2 1
b c b c b
b c b c c
+ + = = =

+ = = =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
123
Vy B(-1; -4) v C(5; 1).
2. *) Chng minh: m(n m) =a
2
.
Ta c : MC
2
+MN
2
=NC
2

m
2
+2a
2
+a
2
+(n m)
2
=a
2
+n
2

2m
2
2nm +2a
2
=0
m(n m) =a
2
(pcm)
*) ABNM l hnh thang nn
dt(ABNM) =
( ).
2
m n a +

Theo trn ta suy ra:
2 2
2 2
( ) (2 ). 2. 2 . 2
2 2
a a a a
n m dt ABNM m a a
m m
= + = + > =
Vy dt(ABNM) nh nht l
2
a
2 khi m =
2
a
3. Ta c phng trnh ca d:
2 2
x t
y t
z t
=
= +
c vc t ch phng (1; 1;2)

d
a =

Suy ra phng trnh mf(P): x - (y - 1) +2(z - 1) =0 x - y +2z - 1 =0.
ng thng i qua B v vung gc vi (P) c vc t ch phng (1; 1;2)
d
a =
nn
c phng trnh:

1
1
2 2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +
thay vo phng trnh (P):

1 +t - 1 +t +4 +4t - 1 =0 t =
1
2
. Suy ra B'
1 3
; ;1
2 2
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
ln8
2
ln3
1
x x
I e e dx = +
}

t e
x
+1 =t dt =e
x
dx
Vi x = ln3: t = 4
Vi x = ln8: t = 9.
Khi :
9
9 9 5 3
3/2 1/2
2 2
4 4
4
2 2
( 1). ( )
5 3
I t tdt t t dt t t
| |
= = =
|
\ .
} }

2. Gi abcd l s chn c 4 ch s i mt khc nhau, nh hn 2158.
- a =1: d c 5 cch chn, bc c
2
8
A cch chn. Suy ra, khi a = 1 c 5
2
8
A =280 s.
- a =2:
+b =0: d c 3 cch chn, c c 7 cch chn. Suy ra c 21 s.
+b =1, c =5, d c 3 cch chn. Suy ra c 3 s.
n
a
m
M
B
C
D
A
N
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
124
Suy ra, khi a =2 c 3.7 +3 +3 +4 =31 s.
Vy, s tt c cc s cn tm l 280 +31 =311 s.
Cu V:
Xc nh m h c nghim:
2
2
5 4 0 (1)
3 16 0 (2)
x x
x mx x
+ s
+ =

Ta c (1) [1;4] x e .
(2)
2
3 16 mx x x = + (3)
Vi [1;4] x e : (3)
2
3 16 x
m
x x
+
= =f(x).
2 2
2 2
3 3
6 3
2
12 9 3
'( )
2 2
x
x x x x
x x x x
f x
x x x
| |
+
|
\ .
= = = >0, [1;4] x e .
Suy ra
| | | | 1;4 1;4
min ( ) (1) 19 max ( ) (4) 8 f x f f x f = = = = .
Vy, h c nghim khi ch khi 8 19 m s s .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
125
S 18

CU I:
1. Khi m =1 th
2
x 2x 2
y
x 1
+
=
(1)
- TX: D =R \ {1}
-
( )
2
2
x 2x
y '
x 1
, y ' 0 = = = x 0 hay x 2
- BBT:

x 0 1 2 +
y' 0 0

y

2 + +

6

- Ti em can:
x 1 = l apt t/c ng
y = x + 3 l apt t/c xi en
2. Tm m :
Ta co
( )
2 2
2
x 2mx m 1
y '
x m
+
=

Ham so(* ) co2 cc trnam ve2 pha truc tung:
y ' 0 = co2 nghi em trai dau
2
1 2
x x P m 1 0 1 m 1 = = < < <

CU II:
1. Hephng trnh:

( ) ( )
+ + + =
+ + + + =
2 2
x y x y 4
x x y 1 y y 1 2
+ + + =

+ + + + = =
2 2
2 2
x y x y 4
x y x y xy 2 xy 2

t = + = = + + + =
2 2 2 2 2 2
S x y; P xy S x y 2xy x y S 2P
Vay
( )

+ = =

= =
+ =
2
2
S 2P S 4 P 2
I
S 0, S 1
S P S 2

2
2
x
y
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
126
1
S x y 0
TH :
P xy 2
= + =
= =
x, y l a nghi em cua phng trnh:

=
2
X 2 0 2 X =
Suy ra 2 nghi m
x 2
x 2
hoc
x 2
y 2

2
S x y 1
TH :
P xy 2
= + =
= =
x, y l anghi em cua phng trnh:

2
X X 2 0 + =
=
X 1
X 2
.
Suy ra 2 nghi em
x 1
y 2
=
;
x 2
y 1
=

Tom l ai hePt (I ) co4 nghi em:
x 2
y 2
;
x 2
y 2
;
x 1
y 2
=
;
=
x 2
y 1

Cch 2:
Phng trnh cho:

+ + + =

+ + + + =
2 2
2 2
x y x y 4
x y x y xy 2
+ + + =
2 2
x y x y 4
xy 2
+ + + =
2
(x y) x y 0
xy 2

= = + =
+ =
= =
=
+ =
+ = = =

=

=
= = + =
2
2
x y x y
x y 0
x y 0
xy 2 x 2
x 2
x y 1
x y 1 y 1 x
y 1 x
xy 2
xy 2
x 1, x 2 x x 2 0

Suy ra 4 nghi m:
x 2
y 2
;
x 2
y 2
;
x 1
y 2
=
;
=
x 2
y 1

2. Tm nghi em ( ) 0, e t
Ta co
2 2
x 3
4si n 3 cos2x 1 2cos x
2 4
t | |
= +
|
\ .
(1)
(1) ( )
3
2 1 cosx 3 cos2x 1 1 cos 2x
2
t | |
= + +
|
\ .

2 2cosx 3 cos2x 2 si n2x =
2cosx 3 cos2x si n2x = . Chi a hai vecho 2:
=
3 1
cosx cos2x si n2x
2 2

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
127
( ) cos 2x cos x
6
t | |
+ = t
|
\ .

( ) ( )
t t t
= + = + t
5 2 7
x k a hay x k2 b
18 3 6

Do ( ) x 0, e t nen honghi em (a) chchon k = 0, k =1, honghi em (b) chchon
k = 1. Do ota coba nghi em x thuoc ( ) 0, t l a
1 2 3
5 17 5
x , x , x
18 18 6
t t t
= = =
CAU III:
1. Toa onh B l anghi em cua hept
( )
=

x 2y 4 0
B 0; 2
7x 4y 8 0

V ABC A can tai A nen AG l ang cao cua ABC A
V GA BC pt GA: + = + =
4 1
2(x ) 1(y ) 0 2x y 3 0
3 3
2x y 3 0 + =
GA BC = H
( )
+ =

2x y 3 0
H 2; 1
x 2y 4 0

Ta coAG 2GH =

vi A(x,y).
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

4 1 4 1
AG x; y ; GH 2 ; 1
3 3 3 3

=
x 0
1 8
y
3 3

( )
A 0; 3
Ta co:
+ + + +
= =
A B C A B C
G G
x x x y y y
x vay
3 3
( ) C 4, 0
Vay
( ) ( ) ( )
A 0; 3 , C 4; 0 , B 0; 2
2. a) Ta co
( )
=
BC 0; 2; 2
- mp (P) qua
( )
O 0; 0; 0 vavuong goc vi BC cophng trnh l a
+ = = 0.x 2y 2z 0 y z 0
- Ta co
( )
=
AC 1; 1; 2 , phng trnh tham socua AC l a

x 1 t
y 1 t
z 2t
=
.
Thept (AC) vao pt mp (P). Ta co
1
1 t 2t 0 t
3
= = . The
1
t
3
= vao pt (AC)
ta co
| |
|
\ .
2 2 2
M ; ;
3 3 3
l agi ao i em cua AC vi mp (P)
b) Vi
( )
A 1;1; 0
( )
B 0; 2; 0
( )
C 0; 0; 2 .Ta co:
( )
=
AB 1;1; 0 ,
( )
=
AC 1; 1; 2
= =

AB.AC 1 1 0 AB AC ABC A vuong tai A
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
128
- Ta dethay BOC A cung vuong tai O. Do oA, O cung nhn oan BC
di 1 goc vuong. Do oA, O nam tren mat cau ng knh BC, secotam I l a
trung i em cua BC. Ta dedang tm dc
( )
I 0;1;1
2 2
R 1 1 2 = + =
Vay pt mat cau ngoai ti ep tdi en OABC l a: ( ) ( )
2 2
2
x y 1 z 1 2 + + =
CAU IV:
1. Tnh
t t
= =
} }
/ 3 / 3
2 2
0 0
si n x
I si n xtgxdx si n x. dx
cosx

( )
2
/ 3
0
1 cos x si nx
I dx
cosx
t

=
}
, at u cosx = du si n xdx =
oi can
( )
| | t
= =
|
\ .
1
u , u 0 1
3 2

( )
( )
2
1/ 2
1
1 u du
I
u

=
}
=
1
1
2
1/ 2 1/ 2
1 u 3
u du l nu l n2
u 2 8
(
| |
= =
( |
\ .

}

2. Goi =
1 2 3 4 5 6
n a a a a a a l asocan l ap
+ + =
3 4 5
ycbt : a a a 8 { } { } e e
3 4 5 3 4 5
a , a , a 1,2,5 hay a , a , a 1,3, 4
a) Khi { }
3 4 5
a , a , a 1,2,5 e

Co6 cach chon
1
a , 5 cach chon
2
a , 3! cach chon
3 4 5
a , a ,a , 4 cach chon
6
a
Vay ta co6.5.6.4 = 720 son
b) Khi { }
3 4 5
a , a , a 1,3, 4 e tng tta cung co720 son
Theo qui tac cong ta co720 + 720 = 1440 son
Cch 2: Khi { }
3 4 5
a , a , a 1,2,5 e
Co3! = 6 cach chon
3 4 5
a a a . Co
3
6
A cach chon
1 2 6
a , a , a
Vay ta co6. 4.5.6 = 720 son
Khi { }
3 4 5
a , a , a 1,3, 4 e tng tta cung co720 son
Theo qui tac cong ta co720 + 720 = 1440 son
CAU V: Ta co: Vi a, b, c, d khng m. Theo Cauchy:
a + b > 2 ab , du ng thc xy ra khi ch khi a = b.
c + d > 2 cd , du ng thc xy ra khi ch khi c = d.
Suy ra a + b + c + d > 2 ab + >
4
2 cd 4 abcd
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
129
p dng:
4 x x x
3 4 1 1 1 4 4 4 + = + + + >
+ > =
8 4 x x x
3 4 2 4 2. 4 . Tng t + > =
8 4 y y y
3 4 2 4 2. 4

8 z z
3 4 2 4 + >
Vay
(
+ + + + + > + +
(

8 8 8 x y z x y z
3 4 3 4 3 4 2 4 4 4

3 8 x y z
6 4 .4 .4 >
24 x y z
6 4 6
+ +
> = .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
130
S 19

CU I.
1. Khao sat vaveoth
+ +
=
+
2
x x 1
y (C)
x 1

MX: { } D R \ 1 = .
( )
+
= = + = = =
+
2
2
2
x 2x
y ' , y ' 0 x 2x 0 x 0, x 2
x 1

BBT
x -2 -1 0 +
y '
+ 0 - - 0 +
y

-3 +

1
+

Ti em can:
x 1 = l aphng trnh ti em can ng
y x = l aphng trnh ti em can xi en

2. Phng trnh ti ep tuyen A qua
( ) M 1, 0 ( hesogoc k ) codang
A: ( ) y k x 1 = +
A ti ep xuc vi ( ) C hept sau co
nghi em
( )
( )
+ +
= +
2
2
2
x x 1
k x 1
x 1
x 2x
k
x 1

phng trnh hoanh oti ep i em l a
( )
( )
( )
2
2
2
x 2x x 1
x x 1
x 1
x 1
+ +
+ +
=
+
+

x 1 =
3
k
4
=
Vay pt ti ep tuyen Avi ( ) C qua ( ) M 1, 0 l a: ( )
3
y x 1
4
= +
CAU II.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
131
1. Gi ai hept : ( )
2x y 1 x y 1
I
3x 2y 4
+ + + =
+ =

( )
( ) ( )
2x y 1 x y 1
I
2x y 1 x y 5
+ + + =

+ + + + =

at = + + > = + > u 2x y 1 0, v x y 0
(I ) thanh
( )
= = =

= =
+ =

1 1
2 2
2 2
u v 1 u 2 v 1
u 1 v 2 l oai
u v 5

Vay ( )
2x y 1 2
I
x y 1
+ + =

+ =

2x y 1 4 x 2
x y 1 y 1
+ + = =

+ = =

2. Phng trnh
| | t
=
|
\ .
3
2 2 cos x 3cosx si nx 0.
4

3
2 cos x 3cosx si n x 0
4
t ( | |
=
| (
\ .

( )
+ =
+ + + =
3
3 3 2 2
cosx si nx 3cosx si nx 0
cos x si n x 3cos x si n x 3cosx si n x 3cosx si n x 0 (* )

- cosx = 0 si nx = 1: Tha phng trnh. Do
t
= + t x k
2
l nghi m.
- cosx = 0: Chi a 2 v (* ) cho cos
3
x:
+ + + =
t
= = + t
3 2 2 3
1 tan x 3tanx 3tan x 3 3tan x tanx tan x 0
tanx 1 x k
4

Vy, nghi m ca phng trnh l :
t
= + t x k
2
,
t
= + t x k
4
.
CAU III
1. ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
C x y 12x 4y 36 0 x 6 y 2 4 + + = + = .
Vay (C) cotam
( )
I 6; 2 vaR = 2
V ng tron ( )
1
C ti ep xuc vi 2 truc Ox, Oy nen tam
1
I nam tren 2 ng
thang y x = . V (C) cotam ( ) I 6, 2 , R = 2 nen tam
1
I (x; x) vi x > 0.
1
TH : Tam
1
I e ng thang y = x
( )
I x; x , ban knh =
1
R x .
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
132
( )
1
C ti ep xuc ngoai vi (C) = +
1 1
I I R R ( ) ( ) + = +
2 2
x 6 x 2 2 x
( ) ( ) + = + + + =
2 2
2 2
x 6 x 2 4 4x x x 16x 4x 36 0
+ = = =
2
x 20x 36 0 x 2hay x 18 . ng vi = =
1 1
R 2hay R 18
Co2 ng tron l a: ( ) ( )
2 2
x 2 y 2 4 + =
( ) ( )
2 2
x 18 y 18 18 + =
2
TH : Tam
1
I e ng thang ( ) y x I x, x = ; =
1
R x
Tng tnh tren, ta cox= 6
Co1 ng tron l a( ) ( )
2 2
x 6 y 6 36 + + =
Tom l ai ta co3 ng tron tha:

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
+ =
+ =
+ + =
2 2
2 2
2 2
x 2 y 2 4;
x 18 y 18 18;
x 6 y 6 36

2. a) Tgi ac OABC l ahnh chnhat =

OC AB B(2,4,0)
* oan OB cotrung i em l a ( ) H 1, 2, 0 . H chnh l atam ng tron ngoai ti ep
tam gi ac vuong OBC. V A, O, C cung nhn SB di mot goc vuong nen trung
i em I ( 1; 2; 2 ) l atam mat cau vaban knh R = = + + =
1 1
SB 4 16 16 3
2 2
,
Vay phng trnh mat cau l a( ) ( ) + + =
2 2
2
x 1 y 2 (z 2) 9
b) ( ) SC 0, 4, 4 =
chon ( ) 0,1, 1 l avc t ch phng cua SC.

Pt tham song thang (SC):
x 0
y t
z 4 t
=

Mp (P) qua ( ) A 2, 0, 0 vavuong goc vi SC cophng trnh l a:

( )
+ = = 0 x 2 y z 0 y z 0
Thex, y, z (1) vo phng trnh (P), ta cot = 2 vasuy ra
( )
M 0; 2; 2
Goi ( )
1
A x, y,z l ai em oi xng vi A qua SC. CoM l atrung i em cua
1
AA
nen:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
133

+ = =

+ = =

+ = =

2 x 2.0 x 2
0 y 2.2 y 4
0 z 2.2 z 4
Vay ( )
1
A 2, 4, 4 .
CAU IV:
1. Tnh
7
3
0
x 2
I dx
x 1
+
=
+
}

at
3 2 3
t x 1 x t 1 dx 3t dt = + = =

3
x 2 t 1 + = + . oi can t( 0) = 1 ; t (7 ) = 2.
Vay
( )
( )
2 3 2
5 2
2 2
4
1 1
1
t 1 3t
t t 231
I dt 3 t t dt 3
t 5 2 10
+
(
= = + = + =
(

} }

2. Ta co ( )
+
+ +
+ + + + +
+ = + + + + +
2n 1
0 1 2 2 3 3 2n 1 2n 1
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
1 x C C x C x C x ... C x
Cho x 1 = Ta co
2n 1 0 1 2 3 4 2n 1
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
2 C C C C C ... C
+ +
+ + + + + +
= + + + + + + (1)
Cho x 1 = Ta co
0 1 2 3 4 2n 1
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
0 C C C C C ... C
+
+ + + + + +
= + + (2)
Lay (1) - (2)
2n 1 1 3 5 2n 1
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
2 2 C C C ... C
+ +
+ + + +
(
= + + + +

2n 1 3 5 2n 1 10
2n 1 2n 1 2n 1 2n 1
2 C C C ... C 1024 2
+
+ + + +
= + + + + = = . Vay 2n=10
Ta co( ) ( ) ( )
10
10 k k
k 10 k
10
k 0
2 3x 1 C 2 3x
=
=

Suy ra hesocua
7
x l a
7 7 3
10
C 3 .2 hay
3 7 3
10
C 3 .2
CAU V: Ta co:
3
4
3
x x x x
1 x 1 4
3 3 3 3
+ = + + + >

3
4
3 3
y y y y y
1 1 4
x 3x 3x 3x 3 .x
+ = + + + >
( )
3
4 3
9 3 3 3 3
1 1 4
y y y y
y
+ = + + + >
2
6
4
3
9 3
1 16
y y
| |
+ >
|
|
\ .

Vay ( )
| |
| |
+ + + > =
|
|
|
\ .
\ .
2
3 3 6
4
3 3 3 3
y 9 x y 3
1 x 1 1 256 256
x y 3 3 .x y
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
134
S 20

CU I:
1. Khao sat
4 2
y x 6x 5 = + . MX: D = R
( )
= = = = =
3 2
y ' 4x 12x 4x x 3 , y ' 0 x 0 hay x 3
2
y '' 12x 12, y '' 0 x 1 = = =
BBT
x
3
0
3
+
y '
- 0 + 0 - 0 +
y
+ 5 +

- 4 -4
oth

2. Tm m ephng trnh
4 2
2
x 6x l og m 0 = co4 nghi em phan bi et.

4 2 4 2
2 2
x 6x l og m 0 x 6x 5 l og m 5 = + = +
at
2
k l og m 5 = +
Phng trnh cho c 4 nghi m phn bi t ng thang y = k cat (C) tai 4
i em phan bi et 4 k 5 < < < + <
2
4 l og m 5 5
< < < <
2
9
1
9 l og m 0 m 1
2

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
135
CAU II
1. Gi ai pt
( )
= 3x 3 5 x 2x 4 1
i eu ki en:
3x 3 0
5 x 0 2 x 5
2x 4 0
>
> s s
>

(1) 3x 3 5 x 2x 4 = + va s s 2 x 5

( )( ) = + + 3x 3 5 x 2x 4 2 5 x 2x 4 va s s 2 x 5
( )( ) = x 2 5 x 2x 4 va s s 2 x 5
= x 2 0 ( ) = hay [ x 2 5 x 2 va < s 2 x 5]
( ) = = < s
= =
x 2 hay [ x 2 2 5 x va2 x 5]
x 2hay x 4

2. Gi ai phng trnh:
( )
( )
2 2 3
si n x cos2x cos x tg x 1 2si n x 0 2 + + =
i eu ki en : cosx 0 x k
2
t
= = + t
( ) + + =
2 2 3
2 si nx cos2x si n x cos x 2si n x 0
( )
+ =
2
si n x cos2x 2si n x cos2x 0
( ) + = si n x cos2x 1 cos2x cos2x 0

( )
=
2
si n x 1 2si n x 0
+ =
2
2si n x si n x 1 0

( )
= =
1
si nx ( v si nx 1 l oai )
2

t t t
= = = + t = + t
1 5
si nx si n x k2 hay x k2
2 6 6 6

CAU III.
1. Do tnh oi xng cua el p (E). Ta chcan xet trng hp x 0, y 0 > >
Goi ( ) ( ) A 2m, 0 ; B 0, m l agi ao i em cua ti ep tuyen cua (E) vi cac truc toa o
( m 0 > ). Pt AB:
x y
1 x 2y 2m 0
2m m
+ = + =
AB ti ep xuc vi (E)
2
64 4.9 4m + =
( )
2 2
4m 100 m 25 m 5 m 0 = = = >
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
136
Vay pt ti ep tuyen l ax 2y 10 0 + =
V tnh oi xng nen ta co4 ti eptuyn l:

x 2y 10 0, x 2y 10 0
x 2y 10 0, x 2y 10 0
+ = + + =
= + =

2. a)
1
d qua ( ) O 0, 0, 0 , VTCP ( ) a 1,1, 2 =

2
d qua ( ) B 1, 0,1 , VTCP ( ) b 2,1,1 =

( ) a, b 1, 5,3
(
=

, ( ) OB 1, 0,1 =

1 2
a, b OB 1 3 4 0 d , d
(
= + = =

cheo nhau
b. ( )
1
M d M t ', t ', 2t ' e ; ( )
2
N d N 1 2t, t,1 t e +
( ) MN 2t t ' 1, t t ', t 2t ' 1 = +

V MN // (P) ( )
p
MN n 1, 1,1 =

= + + + =

p MN.n 0 2t t ' 1 t t ' t 2t ' 1 0 t t ' =
( ) ( )
2 2
2
MN t ' 1 4t ' 1 3t ' 2 = + + =
( ) + = = = =
2
4
14t ' 8t ' 2 2 2t ' 7t ' 4 0 t ' 0 hay t '
7

* t = 0 ta co ( ) ( )( ) M 0, 0, 0 O P l oai e
*
4
t '
7
= ta co
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
4 4 8 1 4 3
M , , ; N , ,
7 7 7 7 7 7

CAU IV. 1/ Tnh
e
2
1
I x l nxdx =
}

at
dx
u l nx du
x
= = ; = =
3
2
x
dv x dx chon v
3

3
e e
e
2 3
1
1 1
x 1 dx
I x l n xdx l n x x
3 3 x
= =
} }

3
e
3 3
1
x 1 2 1
l nx x e
3 9 9 9
= = +
2. Ta cocc trng hp :
* 3 n+ 5 nam. Ta co
3 5
5 10
C C 2520 =
* 4 n+ 4 nam. Ta co
4 4
5 10
C C 1050 =
* 5 n+ 3 nam. Ta co
5 3
5 10
C C 120 =
Theo qui tac cong. Ta co2520 + 1050 + 120 = 3690 cach .
CAU V:
Ta co:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
137
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
3
3
3
a 3b 1 1 1
a 3b 1.1 a 3b 2
3 3
b 3c 1 1 1
b 3c 1.1 b 3c 2
3 3
c 3a 1 1 1
c 3a 1.1 c 3a 2
3 3
+ + +
+ s = + +
+ + +
+ s = + +
+ + +
+ s = + +

Suy ra ( )
3 3 3
1
a 3b b 3c c 3a 4 a b c 6
3
+ + + + + s + + + (

1 3
4. 6 3
3 4
(
s + =
(

Dau = xay ra
3
a b c 1
a b c
4
4
a 3b b 3c c 3a 1
+ + =
= = =
+ = + = + =

Cach 2: at
3 3
x a 3b x a 3b = + = + ; = + = +
3 3
y b 3c y b 3c;
= + = +
3 3
z c 3a z c 3a
( )
3 3 3
3
x y z 4 a b c 4. 3
4
+ + = + + = = . BT can cm x y z 3 + + s .
Ta co:
3 3 3
x 1 1 3 x .1.1 3x + + > = ;
3 3 3
y 1 1 3 y .1.1 3y + + > = ;

3 3 3
z 1 1 3 z .1.1 3z + + > = ( ) 9 3 x y z > + + (V
3 3 3
x y z 3 + + = ).
Vay x y z 3 + + s
Hay
3 3 3
a 3b b 3c c 3a 3 + + + + + s
Dau = xay ra = = = + + =
3 3 3
3
x y z 1 vaa b c
4

+ = + = + = a 3b b 3c c 3a 1 va
3 1
a b c a b c
4 4
+ + = = = = .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
138
S 21
CAU I
1. Khao sat
2
x 2x 2
y
x 1
+ +
=
+
(C)
MX: { } D R \ 1 =
( )
+
= = + = = =
+
2
2
2
x 2x
y ' , y ' 0 x 2x 0 x 0 hay x 2
x 1

BBT
x -2 -1 0 +
y '
+ 0 - - 0 +
y

-2 +

2
+

Ti em can:
x 1 = l apt t/c ng. y x 1 = + l apt t/c xi en
oth:Ban oc tve.
2. Chng mi nh khong coti ep tuyen nao cua (C) i qua
( )
I 1; 0 l agi ao i em
cua 2 ti em can.
Goi ( ) ( )
2
o o
o o o o
o
x 2x 2
M x , y C y
x 1
+ +
e =
+
.
Phng trnh ti ep tuyen cua (C) tai
o
M :
( )( )
( )
( )
2
o o
o o o o o
2
o
x 2x
y y f ' x x x y y x x
x 1
| |
+
| = =
|
+
\ .

Ti ep tuyen i qua ( ) I 1, 0
( )
( )
( )
+
=
+
2
o o o
o
2
o
x 2x 1 x
0 y
x 1

2 2
o o o o
o o
x 2x 2 x 2x
x 1 x 1
+ + +
=
+ +
2 0 = : Vol .
Vay khong coti ep tuyen nao cua (C) i qua ( ) I 1, 0 .
CAU II
1. Gi ai bat phng trnh
2
8x 6x 1 4x 1 0 + + s (1)
(1)
2
8x 6x 1 4x 1 + s
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
139

s >
+ >
= >

> >

s >
+ s

>
2
2 2
2
1 1
x Vx
1 1 4 2
8x 6x 1 0
x Vx
1
4 2
4x 1 0 x
1 4
x 0hay x
8x 6x 1 (4x 1)
4
8x 2x 0

= >
1 1
x hay x
4 2

2. Gi ai phng trnh
2
2
cos2x 1
tg x 3tg x
2 cos x
t | |
+ =
|
\ .
(2)
(2)
2
2
2
2si n x
cot gx 3tg x
cos x
=

t
= = = = + t e
2 3
1
tg x 0 tg x 1 tgx 1 x k , k Z
tgx 4

CAU III
1. ng tron ( )
1
C cotam O(0; 0) ban knh
1
R 3 =
ng tron ( )
2
C cotam I (1; 1), ban knh
2
R 5 =
Phng trnh truc ang phng cua 2 ng tron ( )
1
C , ( )
2
C l a :

( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
x y 9 x y 2x 2y 23 0 + + =
x y 7 0 + + = (d)
Goi
( ) ( )
e =
k k k k
K x ; y d y x 7
( ) ( ) ( ) = + = + = + = + +
2 2 2
2 2 2 2 2
k k k k k k k k
OK x 0 y 0 x y x x 7 2x 14x 49
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 2
k k k k k k
I K x 1 y 1 x 1 x 8 2x 14x 65 = + = + = + +
Ta xet
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
k k k k
I K OK 2x 14x 65 2x 14x 49 16 0 = + + + + = >
Vay
2 2
I K OK I K OK(pcm) > >
2. Tm
1
M l ah/c cua M l en mp (P)
Mp (P) coPVT
( )
=
n 2; 2; 1
Pt tham so
1
MM qua M, ( ) P l a
x 5 2t
y 2 2t
z 3 t
= +
= +

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
140
Thevao pt mp (P): ( ) ( ) ( ) 2 5 2t 2 2 2t 3 t 1 0 + + + + =
18 9t 0 t 2 + = = . Vay
( ) ( )
=
1 1
MM P M 1; 2; 1
Ta co ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
1
MM 5 1 2 2 3 1 16 16 4 36 6 = + + + + = + + = =
ng thang

A = =
x 1 y 1 z 5
:
2 1 6
i qua A(1;1;5) vacovc t ch phng
( )
=
a 2;1; 6 .
Ta co
( )
=
AM 4;1; 8 .
Mat phang (Q) i qua M, cha A mp (Q) qua A covc t php tuyn l a
( )
(
=

AM,a 2; 8; 2 hoc
( )
1; 4;1 nen phng trnh (Q):
( ) ( ) ( ) + + + = x 5 4 y 2 z 3 0
x 4y z 10 0 + + =
Cach khac: Mat phang (Q) cha A nen phng trnh mp(Q) codang:
+ = + + + = x 2y 1 0hay m(x 2y 1) 6y z 11 0. Mat phang (Q) i qua M(5;2; - 3)
nen ta co 5 4 + 1 = 0 ( l oai ) hay m( 5 4 + 1) + 12 3 11 = 0 m = 1.
Vay Pt (Q): x 4y z 10 0 + + =
CAU IV:
1. Tnh
( )
t
= +
}
/ 4
si nx
0
I tgx e cosx dx
Ta co:
/ 4 / 4 / 4 / 4
si nx si nx
0 0 0 0
si nx
I tgxdx e cosxdx dx e cosxdx
cosx
t t t t
= + = +
} } } }

( )
1
/ 4
/ 4
si nx
2
0
o
l n cosx e l n 2 e 1
t
t
= + = + (

2. Goi
1 2 3 4 5
n a a a a a = l asocan l ap
Trc ti en ta cothexep 1, 5 vao 2 trong 5 vtr: ta co:
2
5
A 4.5 20 = = cach
Xep 1, 5 roi ta co5 cach chon 1 chsocho ocon l ai au ti en
4 cach chon 1 chsocho ocon l ai th2
3 cach chon 1 chsocho ocon l ai th3
* Theo qui tac nhan ta co:
2
5
A .5.4.3 20.60 1200 = = son.
Cach khac :
- Bc 1 : xep 1, 5 vao 2 trong 5 vtr: ta co:
2
5
A 4.5 20 = = cach
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
141
- Bc 2 : co = =
3
5
A 3.4.5 60 cach boc 3 trong 5 socon l ai roi xep vao 3 v
tr con l ai .
Vay co20.60 = 1200 son thoa ycbt.
CAU V. Ta co
2
0 x 1 x x s s >
Ta co
1 1
x y y x x y y x
4 4
s s +
(1)
Theo bat ang thc Cauchy ta co
+ > + > =
2 2
1 1 1
y x yx 2 yx . x y
4 4 4

1
x y y x
4
s

Dau = xay ra
s s s
=

=

=

2
2
0 y x 1
x 1
x x
1
y
1 4
y x
4

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
142
S 22

CAU I
1. Khao sat ( )
3 2
y x 2m 1 x m 1 = + + khi m=1
Khi m = 1 th
3 2
y x 3x 2 = +
MX: D=R
( ) = + = + = = =
2
y ' 3x 6x 3x x 2 , y ' 0 x 0hay x 2
y '' 6x 6, y '' 0 x 1 = + = =
BBT
x 0 2 +
y '
- 0 + -
y
+ 2

-2
th:

2. Tm m e( )
m
C ti ep xuc vi ( ) y 2mx m 1 d =
(d) ti ep xuc vi ( )
m
C
( )
( )
+ + =

+ + =
3 2
2
x 2m 1 x m 1 2mx m 1
3x 2 2m 1 x 2m
conghi em
( )
( )
= v + + =

+ + =
2
2
x 0 x 2m 1 x 2m
3x 2 2m 1 x 2m
conghi em
1 3 1 3 +
1
x
y
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
143
( )
( ) ( )
+ + =
= v

+ + = + +
2
2 2
x 2m 1 x 2m
m 0
3x 2 2m 1 x x 2m 1 x
conghi em
( )
( )
+ + =
= v

+ =
2
2
x 2m 1 x 2m
m 0
2x 2m 1 x 0
conghi em
( )
+ + =
= v

+
=
2
x 2m 1 x 2m
m 0
2m 1
x
2
conghi em
( )
| | +
= v + + =
|
\ .
2
2 2m 1 1
m 0 2m 1 2m
2 2
= v =
1
m 0 m
2

CAU II:
1. Gi ai bt phng trnh: 2x 7 5 x 3x 2 + > (1)
i eu ki en:
+ >
> s s
>
2x 7 0
2
5 x 0 x 5
3
3x 2 0

(1) + > + 2x 7 3x 2 5 x
( )( ) + > + + 2x 7 3x 2 5 x 2 3x 2 5 x
( )( ) > 2 3x 2 5 x + >
2
3x 17x 14 0
s v s
14
x 1 x
3

Kt hp vi i u ki n, ta c nghi m: s s v s s
2 14
x 1 x 5
3 3

2. Gi ai phng trnh
3 si n x
tg x 2
2 1 cosx
t | |
+ =
|
+
\ .
(2)
(2)
si n x cosx si n x
cot gx 2 2
1 cosx si nx 1 cosx
+ = + =
+ +

2 2
cosx cos x si n x 2si n x 2si nx cosx + + = + va = si nx 0
( ) ( ) + = + cosx 1 2si n x cosx 1 va = si nx 0
= 2si nx 1
t
= + t x k2
6
hay
t
= + t
5
x k2
6
.
Ghi chu: Khi si nx = 0 th cos x = 1
CAU III.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
144
1. ng tron (C) cotam ( ) I 2,3 , R = 5
( ) ( )
M M M M M M
M x , y d 2x y 3 0 y 2x 3 e + = = +
( ) ( )
2 2
M M
I M x 2 y 3 10 = + =
( ) ( )
( )
2 2
2
M M M M
M M
M M
x 2 2x 3 3 10 5x 4x 96 0
x 4 y 5 M 4, 5
24 63 24 63
x y M ,
5 5 5 5
+ + = =
= =
| |
= =
|
\ .

2. a) V ( ) ( )
1 1
AA Oxy A 2, 0, 4
( ) ( )
1 1
BB Oxy B 0, 4, 4
Vi et pt mat cau (S) qua O, A, B, O
1
:
Gi s phng trnh mt cu (S):
2 2 2
x y z 2ax 2by 2cz d 0 + + + =
V ( ) O S d 0 e =
V ( ) A S 4 4a 0 a 1 e = =
V ( ) B S 16 8b 0 b 2 e = =
V ( )
1
O S 16 8c 0 c 2 e = =
Vay (S) cotam I (1; 2; 2)
Ta co
2 2 2 2
d a b c R = + +

2
R 1 4 4 9 = + + =
Vay phng trnh mat cau (S) l a: ( ) ( ) ( )
2 2 2
x 1 y 2 z 2 9 + + =
b) Tnh KN.
Ta co
( )
M 1; 2; 0 ,
( )
=
1
O A 2; 0; 4
mf (P) qua M vuong goc vi
1
O A nen nhan
1
O A
hay (1;0; -2) l am vc t php

tuyn.
phng trnh (P): ( ) ( ) + = 1 x 1 0 y 2 2(z 0) 0
= x 2z 1 0
Phng trnh tham soca ng thng (OA) l a
=
x t
y 0
z 0

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
145
Thevao phng trnh (P):
( ) ( )
= = = t 1 0 t 1 OA P N 1; 0; 0

Vi
( )
=
1
OA 2; 0; 4 nn a
= (1;0;2) l avc t ch phng ca (

1
OA ). Suy ra phng
trnh tham soca ng thng (
1
OA ) l a:
=
x t
y 0
z 2t

Thevao phng trnh (P): = =
1
t 4t 1 0 t
3

( )
1
1 2
OA P K , 0,
3 3
| |
=
|
\ .

Vay ( )
2 2
2 1 2 20 20 2 5
KN 1 0 0 0
3 3 9 3 3
| | | |
= + + + + = = =
| |
\ . \ .

CAU IV:
1. Tnh
3 2
e
1
l n x
I dx
x l n x 1
=
+
}

at t l n x 1 = +
2
dx
t l nx 1 2tdt
x
= + = va
2
t 1 l n x =
oi can: = =
3
t(e ) 2; t(1) 1
( )
+
= = = +
+
} } }
3 2 4 2
e 2 2
4 2
1 1 1
l n x t 2t 1
I dx 2tdt 2 t 2t 1 dt
t x l n x 1
(
= + =
(

2
5 3
1
t 2t 76
2 t
5 3 15

2.
k
2005
C l n nhat
k k 1
2005 2005
k k 1
2005 2005
C C
C C
+
>
>
k N e
( ) ( ) ( )
( ) ( ) ( )
2005! 2005!
k! 2005 k ! k 1 ! 2004 k !
k 1 2005 k
2005! 2005! 2006 k k
k! 2005 k ! k 1 ! 2006 k !
>
+
+ >

>
>

k 1002
1002 k 1003, k N
k 1003
>
s s e

= = k 1002hay k 1003
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
146
CAU V: Tm m ehephng trnh sau conghi em:
( )
+ + + +
+ s
+ + + >
2x x 1 2 x 1
2
7 7 2005x 2005 (1)
x m 2 x 2m 3 0 (2)

i eu ki en l a > x 1. Ta co | |
+ + + +
s e
2x x 1 2 x 1
7 7 0, x 1;1 .
Ta co: (1)
( )
( ) | |
+
s e
x 1 2x 2
7 7 7 2005 1 x : ung x 1;1 vasai khi x > 1
Do o(1) 1 x 1 s s .
Vay, hebpt conghi em ( ) ( ) = + + + >
2
f x x m 2 x 2m 3 0 conghi em | | 1,1 e
[ 1;1]
max ( ) f x
0 >
{ }
+ > max f ( 1), f (1), f (m 2) 0
{ }
> max f ( 1), f (1) 0
{ }
+ + > max 3m 6, m 2 0 > m 2 .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
147
S 23

CAU I:
1. Khao sat ( )
2
x 3x 3
y C
x 1
+ +
=
+

MX: { } D R \ 1 =
( )
+
= = + = = =
+
2
2
2
x 2x
y ' , y ' 0 x 2x 0 x 0 hay x 2
x 1

BBT.
x -2 -1 0 +
y '
+ 0 - - 0 +
y

-1 +

3
+

Ti em can: x = - 1 l tim cn ng
y = x + 2 l ati m cn xi en
2. Tm m ept
2
x 3x 3
m
x 1
+ +
=
+
co4 nghi em phan bi et.

Ta co:

( )
+ +
>
+ + +
= =

+
+ +
<
+
2
2
2
x 3x 3
neux 1
x 1 x 3x 3
y
x 1
x 3x 3
neux 1
x 1

Do ooth
+ +
=
+
2
x 3x 3
y
x 1
coc bang cach:
Gi nguyen phan oth(C) cox > -1
Lay oi xng qua Ox phan oth(C) cox< -1
Nhoth
2
x 3x 3
y
x 1
+ +
=
+
, ta cokt qu:
Phng trnh
2
x 3x 3
m
x 1
+ +
=
+
co4 nghi em phan bi et m > 3
-1
-1
2
y
x
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
148
CAU II. 1. Gi ai bat phng trnh ( )
2
2
2x x
x 2x
1
9 2 3 1
3
| |
s
|
\ .

Ta co(1)
2 2
x 2x x 2x
9 2.3 3

s . at
= >
2
x 2x
t 3 0 , (1) tr thanh:
s s s
2
t 2t 3 0 1 t 3 .
Do o, (1)

s s < s
2 2
x 2x x 2x 1
1 3 3 0 3 3
2 2
x 2x 1 x 2x 1 0 1 2 x 1 2 s s s s +
2. Gi ai phng trnh ( ) + + = si n2x cos2x 3si nx cosx 2 0 2
(2)
2
2si nx cosx 1 2si n x 3si nx cosx 2 0 + + =
( )
2
2si n x 2cosx 3 si nx cosx 1 0 + + =
( ) + + + =
2
2si n x 2cosx 3 si nx cosx 1 0 ( 3 )
(phng trnh bac 2 theo si nx)
( ) ( )( ) ( ) A = + + = +
2 2
2cosx 3 4 2 cosx 1 2cosx 1
Vay (2)
+
= =

+ + +
= = +
2 cosx 3 2 cosx 1 1
si n x
4 2
2 cosx 3 2 cosx 1
si n x cosx 1
4

= + =
1
si n x cosx 1 hay si n x
2

t t | |
= = =
|
\ .
2 1
si n x si n hay si n x
4 2 4 2

t t t
= + t = t + t = + t = + t
5
x k2 hay x k2 hay x k2 hay x k 2
2 6 6
.
Cach 2. (3) ( )
= (2sinx 1) si nx cosx 1 0
CAU III.
1. Goi ( ) I a, b l atam cua ng tron (C)
Phng trnh ng trn (C), tam I , ban knh R 10 = l a:
( ) ( )
2 2
x a y b 10 + =
( ) ( ) ( )
e + = + + =
2 2
2 2
A C 0 a 5 b 10 a b 10b 15 0 (1)
( ) ( ) ( )
e + =
+ + =
2 2
2 2
B C 2 a 3 b 10
a b 4a 6b 3 0 (2)

(1) va( 2)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
149
= = + + =

= =
+ =
2 2
a 1 a 3
a b 10b 15 0
hay
b 2 b 6
4a 4b 12 0

Vay ta co2 ng tron

( ) ( )
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
x 1 y 2 10
x 3 y 6 10
+ + =
+ =

2. i) Xt trng hp:
( ) ( ) ( )
A 0; 0; 0 ; B 2; 0; 0 ; C 2; 2; 0 ;D(0;2;0)
( ) ( ) ( ) ( )
1 1 1 1
A 0; 0; 2 ; B 2; 0; 2 ; C 2; 2; 2 ; D 0; 2; 2
Mf ( )
1 1
AB D cocap vc t ch phng l a:
( )
=
1
AB 2; 0; 2
( )
=
1
AD 0; 2; 2
mp ( )
1 1
AB D comt vc t php tuyn la ( )
(
= =

1 1
1
u AB , AD 1, 1,1
4

mp ( )
1
AMB cocap vc t ch phng l a:
( )
=
AM 2;1; 0 , M(2; 1; 0)
( )
=
1
AB 2; 0; 2
mp ( )
1
AMB co1 PVT l a
( )
(
= =

1
v AM, AB 1; 2; 1
2

Ta co: ( ) ( ) ( ) = + =

u.v 1 1 1 2 1 1 0 u v ( ) ( )
1 1 1
AB D AMB
ii) Xt trng hp:
( ) ( ) ( )
A 0; 0; 0 ; B 2; 0; 0 ; C 2; 0; 2 ;D(0;0;2)
b)
( )
=
1
AC 2; 2; 2 Pt tham so
=
1
x t
AC : y t
z t
,
( )
e
1
N AC N t; t; t
Pt ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) + = + =
1 1
AB D : x 0 y 0 z 0 0 x y z 0

( )
+
= = =
1 1 1
t t t t
d N, A B D d
3 3

Pt ( ) ( ) ( ) ( ) = =
1
AMB : x 0 2 y 0 z 0 0 x 2y z 0
( )

= = =
+ +
1 2
t 2t t 2t
d N , A M B d
1 4 1 6

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
150

= = = =
1
2
t
t d 6 6 2
3
2 t d 2 t 2 3 2 3
6

Vay tsokhoang cach t ( )
1
N AC N A t 0 e = = ti 2 mat phang ( )
1 1
AB D va
( )
1
AMB khong phuthuoc vao vtr cua i em N.
CAU IV:
1. Tnh
( ) ( )
/ 2 / 2
2
0 0
1 cos2x
I 2x 1 cos xdx 2x 1 dx
2
t t
+ | |
= =
|
\ .
} }

( )
t t
t t
(
= = =

}
2
/ 2 / 2
2
1
0 0
1 1
I 2x 1 dx x x
2 2 8 4

t
=
}
/ 2
2
0
1
I (2x 1)cos2xdx
2

= = = =
1 1
at u (2x 1) du dx, dv cos2xdx chonv si n2x
2 2

t
t t
= = =
}
/ 2
/ 2 / 2
2
0 0
0
1 1 1 1
I (2x 1) si n2x si n2xdx cos2x
4 2 4 2

Do o ( )
2
/ 2
2
0
1
I 2x 1 cos x
8 4 2
t
t t
= =
}

2. Taco:
2 2
n n n n
2P 6A P A 12 + = ( ) n N, n 1 e >
( ) ( )
6n! n!
2n! n! 12
n 2 ! n 2 !
+ =
( )
( ) ( )
n!
6 n! 2 6 n! 0
n 2 !
=

( ) = =
n!
6 n! 0hay 2 0
(n 2)!
= = n! 6hay n(n 1) 2 0
= =
2
n 3hay n n 2 0 = = > n 3hay n 2(v n 2)
CAU V. Cho x, y, z l a3 sodng thoa man xyz = 1
Chng mi nh rng:
2 2 2
x y z 3
1 y 1 z 1 x 2
+ + >
+ + +

Ta co:
2 2
x 1 y x 1 y
2 . x
1 y 4 1 y 4
+ +
+ > =
+ +

Tng t:
2 2
y 1 z y 1 z
2 y
1 z 4 1 z 4
+ +
+ > =
+ +
,
2 2
z 1 x z 1 x
2 z
1 x 4 1 x 4
+ +
+ > =
+ +

Cong ba bat ang thc tren vetheo veta co:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
151
( )
2 2 2
x 1 y y 1 z z 1 x
x y z
1 y 4 1 z 4 1 x 4
| | | | | |
+ + +
+ + + + + > + +
| | |
+ + +
\ . \ . \ .

( )
2 2 2
x y z 3 x y z
x y z
1 y 1 z 1 x 4 4
+ +
+ + > + + +
+ + +

( ) 3 x y z 3
4 4
+ +
>

3 3 9 3 6 3
.3
4 4 4 4 4 2
> = = = ( v
3
x y z 3 xyz 3 + + > = )
Vay
2 2 2
x y z 3
1 y 1 z 1 x 2
+ + >
+ + +
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
152
S 24

Cu I:
1. Kho st hm s (Bn c t gii)
2. Yu cu ca bi ton 4 <m
2
+2m +5 <5 - 2 <m <0 v m = 1
Cu II:
1. Pt cho tng ng: cos3x4cos
3
x - sin3x 4sin
3
x =
2 3 2
2
+

cos3x(cos3x +3cosx) - sin3x (3sinx - sin3x) =
2 3 2
2
+

cos
2
3x +sin
2
3x +3(cos3xcosx - sin3xsinx) =
3 2
1
2
+
cos4x =
2
2

2. Khi y =0 h cho tr thnh:
2
2
1 0
( 1)( 2) 0
x
x x
+ =
+ =
: V nghim
Khi 0 y = , chia tng v ca h cho y:

2
2
2
2 2
1
2 2
1
1 1
1 2 0
( 2) 1 2 1
x
y x
x
x y y
y
x x x
y x y x
y
+
+ + = +
= + =

+ + =

+ = + =

2
1 2 1
2 1
x x x
y y x
= v = =

= = +

hoc
2
5
x
y
=

Cu III:
1. Ta c:

' (0;2; 2), ' ( 2;2;2) ' . ' 0
(2;0;0) ' . 0
A C BC A C BC
AB A C AB
= = =
= =

' A C
l vc t php tuyn ca mf(ABC')

Phng trnh mf(ABC'): y - z =0
2. Ta c ' ' ( 2;2;0). B C BC = =

Gi (P) l mf cha B'C' v vung gc mf(ABC'). Khi hnh chiu ca B'C' trn
mf(ABC') l giao tuyn ca (P) v mf(ABC').
(P) c vc t php tuyn B'C', ' ( 4; 4; 4)
P
n A C
(
= =

Suy ra phng trnh (P) l x +y +z - 4 =0.
Hnh chiu ca ng thng B'C' trn mf(ABC') c vc t ch phng:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
153
' , ( 16;8;8)
P
u A C n
(
= =

hay ' (2; 1; 1) u =
v i qua im M(4; 0; 0) .
Suy ra phng trnh hnh chiu ca ng thng B'C' trn mf(ABC') l:

4
2 1 1
x y z
= =

Cu IV:
1. t 4 1 t x = +
2
1
4
t
x

= ,
2
tdt
dx =
Suy ra I =
5
5 5 5
2 2
3 3 3 3
( 1 1) 1 3 1
ln( 1) ln
( 1) 1 ( 1) 1 2 12
t dt dt dt
t
t t t t
+ (
= = + + =
(
+ + + +

} } }

2. t A = x
2
+xy +y
2
, B =x
2
- xy - 3y
2
.
Nu y = 0 th A =B =x
2
3 s . Do 4 3 3 0 3 4 3 3 B < s s < (pcm)
Nu y = 0 th t x = ty, ta c: B = A.
2 2 2
2 2 2
3 3
.
1
x xy y t t
A
x xy y t t

=
+ + + +

t
2
2
3
1
t t
u
t t

=
+ +
th
3 4 3 3 4 3
3 3
u
+
s s (Tm tp gi tr ca u)
V 0 3 A < s v B =A.u nn 4 3 3 4 3 3 B s s
Cu Va:
1. (E):
2 2
1
12 2
x y
+ = c hai tiu im
1 2
( 10;0), ( 10;0) F F
(H) c cng tiu im vi (E) (H):
2 2
2 2
1
x y
a b
= , vi a
2
+b
2
=c
2
=10.
(H) c hai tim cn 2 2 2
b b
y x x b a
a a
= = = = .
Suy ra a
2
=2, b
2
=8 (H):
2 2
1
2 8
x y
=
2. Ta c:
( )
100
2 0 100 1 99 2 99 198 100 200
100 100 100 100
0 100 1 101 99 199 100 200
100 100 100 100
... .
...
x x C x C x x C x x C x
C x C x C x C x
+ = + + + + =
= + + + +

o hm hai v:
( ) ( )
99
2 0 99 1 100 99 198 100 199
100 100 100 100
100 1 2 100 101 ... 199 200 x x x C x C x C x C x + + = + + + +
Cho x =-
1
2
:
99 100 198 199
0 1 99 100
100 100 100 100
99 100 198 199
0 1 99 100
100 100 100 100
1 1 1 1
0 100 101 ... 199 200
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
0 100 101 ... 199 200
2 2 2 2
C C C C
C C C C
| | | | | | | |
= + + + +
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .
| | | | | | | |
= + +
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
154
Nhn hai v vi - 1:

99 100 198 199
0 1 99 100
100 100 100 100
1 1 1 1
0 100 101 ... 199 200
2 2 2 2
C C C C
| | | | | | | |
= + +
| | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ .

Cu Vb:
1. Gii bt phng trnh
1
log ( 2 ) 2 (1)
x
x
+
>
K: - 1 <x <0
T K suy ra 0 < x + 1 < 1
Bpt
2 2 2
2 ( 1) 2 1 4 1 0
2 3 2 3
x x x x x x
x x
< + = + + + + >
< v > +

Nhng - 1 <x <0 nn 2 3 0 x + < <
2. Gi O l tm ca hnh thoi ABCD,
S l im i xng ca A qua A'.
Khi S, M, D thng hng v M
l trung im ca SD; S, N, B
thng hng v N l tung im ca SB.
Tam gic BAD c AB =AD =a, ZBAD =60
0
nn u
3
2
a
AO =
AC =2AO = 3 a =SA
CC' =
3
2
a
=AO.
Hai tam gic vung SAO v ACC' bng nhau. Suy ra ZSAO = ZCAC'
' (1) AC SO
Do , ' ( ' ') ' (2) BD AC BD AA BD mf ACC A BD AC
T (1) v (2) suy ra ' ( ) AC mf BDMN
Do :
2 3
3 3 1 1 3 3
. . 3
4 4 3 4 4 16
ABDMN SABD ABD
a a
V V SAS a = = = = .

S
M D'
C'
B'
N
A'
D
C
B
A
O
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
155
S 25

Cu I:
2. ng thng d i qua A(0; 2) c phng trnh dng: y = kx + 2
d tip xc (C) khi ch khi h sau c nghim:

4
2
3
2 2 2
2
2 4
x
x kx
x x k
+ = +

Thay k phng trnh th hai vo phng trnh th nht, suy ra 3x
4
- 8x
2
=0
8
0,
3
x x = = .
+Khi x =0 th k =0, ta c phng trnh tip tuyn l y =2.
+Khi
8
3
x = th k =
8 2
3 3
, ta c phng trnh tip tuyn l y =
8 2
3 3
x +2.
Cu II:
1. Phng trnh tng ng vi:
2
3sin2 os2x +sin4x +1 =0 2 2sinxcosx +4sinx +2sin 0 x c x =
sinx( 3 os +sinx +2) 0 c x =
sinx =0
3 osx +sinx +2 =0 c

x =k
7
x= 2
6
k

2. H phng trnh cho tng vi:
3 3
2 2
2(4 ) (1)
x 3 6 (2)
x y x y
y
= +
3 3 3 3 2 2
2 2 2 2
3( ) 6(4 ) 3( ) (x 3 )(4 ) (3)
x 3 6 x 3 6 (4)
x y x y x y y x y
y y
= + = +

= =

(3)
3 2 2
0
12 0 3
4
x
x x y xy x y
x y
=
+ = =

- x =0 - 3y
2
=6 : V nghm
- x =3y 9y
2
- 3y
2
=6 Hai nghim (3; 1), (- 3; - 1).
- x =- 4y 16y
2
- 3y
2
=6 Hai nghim
6 6 6 6
4 ; , 4 ;
13 13 13 13
| | | |

| |
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cu III:
1. To giao im ca ng thng AB v mt phng ( ):
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
156
ng thng (AB) l giao tuyn hai mt phng:
4
0
x y
z
+ =

To giao im ca (AB) v mt phng ( ) l nghim ca h:

4
0
3 2 4 0
x y
z
x y z
+ =
+ + =

Suy ra to giao im M(- 12; 16; 0).
2. V I l trung im ca AB nn I(2; 2; 0). Gi K(x; y; z) th KI
cng phng
vi vc t php tuyn n
ca mt phng ( ) v KO =d(K, ( )) (1)

Phng trnh (KI):
2 3
2 2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +
(2)
(1)
2 2 2
3 2 4
14
x y z
x y z
+ +
+ + = (3)
Thay (2) vo (3) suy ra
3
4
t =
1 1 3
; ;
4 2 4
K
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu IV:
1. Phng trnh cho bit honh giao im
2
3 2 1 1, 2. x x x x x + = + = =
2
3 2 1 1 2. x x x x + s + s s
Do , din tch hnh phng S =
2
2
1
1
2 1 ( 3)
6
x x x dx ( + + =
}

2. Chng minh bt ng thc:
Chng minh rng:

9 9 9 3 3 3
3 3 3 3 3 3 4
x x x x y z
x y z y z x z x y + + +
+ +
+ + >
+ + +
, trong 3 3 3 1
x y z
+ + =
t a = 3
x
, b =3
y
, c =3
z
.
Theo gi thit a > 0, b > 0, c > 0 v ab +bc +ca =abc (1)
Bt ng thc cn chng minh tng ng:
2 2 2
4
a b c a b c
a bc b ac c ab
+ +
+ + >
+ + +

3 3 3
2 2 2
4
a b c a b c
a abc b abc c abc
+ +
+ + >
+ + +
(2)
Thay abc (2) vo (1):
3 3 3
( )( ) ( )( ) ( )( ) 4
a b c a b c
a b a c b c b a c a c b
+ +
+ + >
+ + + + + +

Theo Cauchy:
3 3
3
3
3
( )( ) 8 8 64 4
a a b a c a a
a b a c
+ +
+ + > =
+ +
(3)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
157

3 3
3
3
3
( )( ) 8 8 64 4
b b c b a b b
b c b a
+ +
+ + > =
+ +
(4)

3 3
3
3
3
( )( ) 8 8 64 4
c c a c b c c
c a c b
+ +
+ + > =
+ +
(5)
Cng tng v cc bt ng thc trn ta c pcm.
Cu Va:
1. Tm to A, B, C.
V ACBH nn c h s gc bng - 1 nn h s gc ca AC bng 1.
V M(1; 1) thuc AC nn phng trnh AC: y =(x - 1) +1 hay y =x.
To A(x;y) l nghim ca h:
4 2 0
2 2 2
;
3 3 3
x y
x y A
y x
=
| |
= =
|
=
\ .

V M l trung im AC nn
8 8
;
3 3
C
| |
|
\ .
.
Cnh BC//d v quaC nn phng trnh (BC):
8 8
4 0 4 8 0
3 3
x y x y
| | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

To B(x;y) l nghim ca h: ( )
3 0
4;1
4 8 0
x y
B
x y
+ + =

.
2. Gi s cn tm l
4 3 2 1
4 3 2 1 0 4 3 2 1 0
.10 .10 .10 .10 n a a a a a a a a a a = = + + + + .
Suy ra c 4 cch chn
4
a ,
c 4 cch chn
3
a ,
c 3 cch chn
2
a ,
c 2 cch chn
1
a ,
c 1 cch chn
0
a .
Nh th c 4.4.3.2.1 = 96 s.
Cch 2: C 4 cch chn
4
a v c 4! cch chn cc ch s cn li.
Nh th c 4.4! = 96 s
- Tng 96 s c thit lp:
C 24 s c dng
4 3 2 1
0 n a a a a = ,
18 s c dng
4 3 2 1
1 n a a a a = ,
18 s c dng
4 3 2 1
2 n a a a a = ,
18 s c dng
4 3 2 1
3 n a a a a = ,
18 s c dng
4 3 2 1
4 n a a a a = .
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
158
Tng cc ch s hng n v l 18(1 +2 +3 +4) =180; tng cc ch s hng
chc bng 1800, tng cc ch s hng trm bng 18000, tng cc ch s hng
ngn bng 180000.
C 24 s c dng
3 2 1 0
1 n a a a a = ,
24 s c dng
3 2 1 0
2 n a a a a = ,
24 s c dng
3 2 1 0
3 n a a a a = ,
24 s c dng
3 2 1 0
4 n a a a a = ,
Suy ra tng cc ch s hng chc ngn bng 24(1 + 2 + 3 + 4).10
4
=240000.
Vy tng 96 s c lp nn l: 180 +1800 +18000 +180000 +240000 =
2599980.
Cch 2. C 24 s c dng
4 3 2 1 0
, n a a a a a = vi { }
4
1,2,3,4 a e
18 s c dng
4 3 2 1 0
, n a a a a a = vi { } 1,2,3,4 , 0,1,2,3.
i
a i e =
Vy tng 96 s c lp nn l:

4 3 2 1 0
(1 2 3 4) 24.10 18(10 10 10 10 ) 2599980. ( + + + + + + + =

Cu Vb:
1. Phng trnh cho:

2 2
2
2 2 2
1 4 6
log 2 2log 4 log 8 log 1 2
log 1 log 1 log
x x
x
x x
x x x
+ = + = = =
+ +
.
2. Th tch hnh chp SBCMN.
mf(BCM)//AD nn n ct (SAD) theo giao tuyn MN//AD.
Ta c , BC AB BC SA BC BM .
Nh th, t gic BCNM l hnh thang vung
c BM l ng cao.
Ta c SA =ABtan60
0
= 3 a .

3
3
4
3
.2
3 3
a
a
MN SM a
MN a
AD SA a
= = = .

2
2 2 2
2
3 3
a a
BM AB AM a = + = + =
Gi S l din tchca BCNM, ta c
2
4
2
1 2 10
3
( )
2 2 3 3 3
a
a
a a
S BC MN BM
| |
+
|
= + = =
|
|
\ .
.
Gi H l hnh chiu ca S trn ng thng BM. Khi SH BC (do BC vung
gc mf(SAB) cng l mf(SBM)). Suy ra ( ) SH mf BCNM .
S
H
N
M
A
D
C
B
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
159
Suy ra:
1
. ( )
3
SBCNM
V SH dt BCNM = (1)
Mt khc, trong tam gic SAB:
0
1
2
os60 2
AB AB AM
SB a
c SB MS
= = = = BM l phn
gic gc SBA. Do
0
30 SBH = . Suy ra
1 1
.2
2 2
SH SB a a = = = .
Thay vo (1):
2 3
1 10 10 3
.
3 27 3 3
SBCNM
a a
V a = = .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
160
S 26

Cu I:
1. Kho st hm s.
1
0
. TX: { } \ 1 R
2
0
. Chiu bin thin:

2
2
2
' ; ' 0 0 2
( 1)
x x
y y x x
x
+
= = = v =
+
.
Tim cn ng: x = - 1, tim cn xin y =x - 2

3
0
. th (Bn c t v th).
2. Gi d l ng thng i qua A(0; 5).
Khi phng trnh ca d c dng: y = kx + 5.
d l tip tuyn ca (C) khi v ch khi h phng trnh sau c nghim:

2
1
2 5 (1)
1
1
1 (2)
( 1)
x kx
x
k
x
+ =
=
+

Thay k (2) vo(1), ta c:
2
2
3 8 4 0 2
3
x x x x + + = = v =
Thay vo (2): x =-2 ta c k = 0. Suy ra phng trnh tip tuyn y = - 5.
x =-
2
3
ta c k =- 8. Suy ra phng trnh tip tuyn y = - 8x - 5.
Cu II:
1. K: os2x 0 c = .
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:

2 2
os2xtan 2 3 os2x =0 tan 2 0
6 2
c x c x x k

+ = = + ( tho iu kin)
2. Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
3 2 1 (3 2) ( 1) 6 2 (3 2)( 1) x x x x x x + = + + + +
x - - 2 - 1 0 +
y'

y
- 5 + +

- - - 1

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
161

( )
2
3 2 1 3 2 1 6 x x x x + = +

( ) ( )
2
3 2 1 3 2 1 6 0 x x x x + + =

3 2 1 2 (1)
3 2 1 3 (2)
x x
x x
+ =

+ =

(1) v nghim
(2)
3 2 1 2 (3 2)( 1) 9
1
x x x x
x
+ + =

>
(3 2)( 1) 6 2
1
x x x
x

>

2 2
(3 2)( 1) (6 2 ) 19 34 0
2
1 3 1 3
x x x x x
x
x x
= + =
=

s s s s

Cu III:
1.
1
A i qua M
1
(1; - 1; 2) v c vc t ch phng (1; 1; 0) a =
.

2
A i qua M
2
(3; 1; 0) v c vc t ch phng ( 1; 2; 1) b =
.
Mt phng (P) i qua
1
A v song song
2
A nn (1; 1; 0) a =
, ( 1; 2; 1) b =
l cp
ch phng. Suy ra vc t php tuyn ca (P) l : , ( 1; 1; 1) n a b
(
= =

.
Vy phng trnh (P) l: (x - 1) +(y +1) - ( z- 2) =0 x +y - z +2 =0.
2. AB ngn nht khi ch khi AB l on vung gc chung ca
1
A v
2
A .
Cch 1. Vit phng trnh ng vung gc chung ca
1
A v
2
A . Xc nh ta
cc giao im vi
1
A v
2
A .
Gi (P) l mt phng i qua
2
A v song song
1
A . Khi , (P) i qua M
2
(3; 1; 0)
v c cp ch phng
1
a
=(1; - 1; 0),
2
a
=(- 1; 2; 1), nn c mt vc t php

tuyn
P
n
=(1; 1; - 1).
Suy ra phng trnh mf(P): x - 3 +y - 1 - z =0, hay x +y - z - 4 =0.
Gi (Q) l mt phng i qua
1
A v vung gc (P) . Khi , (Q) i qua M
1
(1; - 1;
2) v c cp ch phng
1
a
=(1; - 1; 0),
P
n
=(1; 1; - 1), nn c mt vc t php

tuyn
Q
n
=(1; 1; 2).
Suy ra phng trnh (Q): x - 1 +y +1 +2(z - 2) =0, hay x +y +z - 4 =0.
Gi d
1
' l hnh chiu ca d
1
trn (P) th d
1
' l giao ca (P) v (Q). Do vy, d
1
' i
qua M'(2; 2; 0) v c mt vc t ch phng [ , ]
P Q
a n n =

=(2; - 2; 0). Suy ra, d
1
' c
phng trnh:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
162

2
2
0
x t
y t
z
= +

B l giao im ca d
1
' v
2
A .
Phng trnh tham s ca
2
A :
3 '
1 2 '
'
x t
y t
z t
=
= +

Xt h phng trnh
3 ' 2
1 2 ' 2
' 0
t t
t t
t
= +
+ =
Suy ra B(3; 1; 0)
A l giao im ca dng thng d qua B, vung gc vi (P) vi
1
A .
d c mt vc t ch phng
P
n
=(1; 1; - 1), nn c phng trnh:

3 '
1 '
'
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

H phng trnh:

3 ' 1
1 ' 1
' 2
t t
t t
t
+ = +
+ =
A(1; - 1; 2)
Cch 2. Phng trnh tham s ca
2
A :
3 '
1 2 '
'
x t
y t
z t
=
= +

A thuc
1
A nn A(1 +t; - 1 - t; 2), B thuc
2
A nn B(3 - t'; 1 +2t'; t').
Suy ra (2 ' ;2 2 ' ; ' 2) AB t t t t t = + +
.
AB l on vung gc chung ca
1
A v
2
A
. 0
. 0
AB a AB a
AB b ABb

=

=

' 0 t t = = .
Vy A(1, - 1; 2), B(3; 1; 0).
Cch 3. Ta c:
2 2 2
(2 ' ) (2 2 ' ) ( ' 2) AB t t t t t = + + + + . Suy r
Cch 4. Ta c M
1
(1; - 1; 2), M
2
(3; 1; 0)
1 1
M M
=(2; 2; - 2). AB nh nht khi t

=t' =0.
Thy ngay
1 2
M M a

,
1 2
M M b

. Suy ra:
1 2
, M A M B .
Cu IV:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
163
1. Trong
10
5
2 1
dx
I
x x
=

}
t t =
2
1 1 2 x x t dx tdt = + = .

3 3 3 3 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 (2 2 2) ( 2 1)
2
2 1 2 1 2 1 ( 1)
tdt t dt d t t dt
I
t t t t t t t
+ +
= = = +
+ + +
} } } }

=
3
3
2
2
2
2ln 1 2ln2 1
1
t
t
= +

2. Tm gi tr nh nht ca:

2
11 7
4 1
2
y x
x x
| |
= + + +
|
\ .
, x >0
Ta c:
2
2
2 2
7 7 7 7
3 3.1 7. (9 7) 1 16 1
x x x x
| |
| | | | | |
+ = + s + + = +
|
| | |
|
\ . \ . \ .
\ .

2
7 1 7
4 1 3
2 x x
| | | |
+ > +
| |
\ . \ .
, du ng thc xy ra khi ch khi
3 7
1 7
x
= (1)
Suy ra:
11 1 7 3 9 3 9 3 15
3 2 . 6
2 2 2 2 2 2
y x x x
x x x x
| | | |
> + + + = + + > + = + =
| |
\ . \ .
, du ng thc
xy ra khi ch khi
9
3 x x
x
= = (2).
T (1) v (2) suy ra y =
15
2
khi x =3. Vy miny =
15
2
.
Cu Va:
1. Tam gic ABC cn ti B nn B thuc trung trc ca on AC c phng trnh
x +3y - 8 = 0. Do :

3 8 0
8 16
( ; ): ;
2 0 7 7
x y
B x y B
x y
+ =
| |
|
=
\ .

Phng trnh ng thng AB:
1 1
8 16
1 1
7 7
x y +
=
+
23x - y - 24 =0.
Phng trnh ng thng BC: 19x - 13y +8 =0.
2. S cch chn hai ch s l ng cnh nhau t ba ch s 1, 3, 5 l
2
3
A =6. Xem
mi cp s l nh th l mt phn t x. Nh th, mi s cn lp l gm x v 3
trong 4 s 0, 2, 4, 6 . Gi
4 3 2 1 0
n a a a a a = .
- a
0
= 0: C 3 cch a x vo 4 v tr u. C
2
3
A cch a 2 s chn t 2, 4, 6
vo hai v tr cn li. Suy ra c 3.
2
3
A =18 cch.
- a
0
chn khc 0 v x hai v tr a
4
a
3
: c 3.
2
3
A =18 cch.
- a
0
chn khc 0 v x hai v tr a
3
a
2
hoc a
2
a
1
: c 24 cch.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
164
Vy, c tt c l: 6(18 +18 +24) =360 s.
Cu Vb:
1. Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:

2 2 2 2 2
log ( 1) log (3 ) log ( 1) log ( 1)(3 ) log ( 1)
1 3 1 3
( 1)(3 ) 1
1 3
x x x x x x
x x
x x x
x
+ + = + =

< < < <

+ =

< <

2
4 0 1 17
2 1 3
x x
x
x
= +
=
< <
.
2. Hnh thoi ABCD c
0
60 BAD = nn
tam gic BAD u c cnh bng a.
3
2 3
2
a
AO AC AO a = = =

2 2 2 2
4 SC SA AC a = + = SC =2a.
Tam gic SAC vung A, trung tuyn
'
2
SC
AC = =a ASAC' u cnh a.
Gi O l giao im ca AC v BD, I l giao im ca AC' v B'D'. I l trng
tm ca tam gic SAC.

2 2 2
' '
3 3 3
SI
B D BD a
SO
= = = .
Ta c ' ' ' B D AC (do B'D'//BD) nn
2
' ' '
1
'. ' '
2 3
AB C D
a
S AC B D = = .
Gi H l hnh chiu ca S trn AC' th ' ' SH B D nn ( ' ' ') SH AB C D .
Mt khc tam gic SAC' u nn
3
2
a
SH = .
Vy:
3
' ' ' ' ' '
1 3
.
3 18
SAB C D AB C D
a
V SH S = = .

D'
D
B'
C'
C
B
A
S
I
O
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
165
S 27

Cu I:
1. Khi m =2, ta c
3 2
3 4 y x x = + (Bn c t kho st s bin thin v v
th)
2. Vi hm s (1) cho, ta c
2
' 3 2(1 2 ) 2 y x m x m = + +
Hm s c cc i, cc tiu khi ch khi phng trnh y' =0 c hai nghim phn
bit
2 2
5
' (1 2 ) 3(2 ) 0 4 5 0 1
4
m m m m m m A = > > < v > (*)
Gi
1 2
x x < l hai nghim ca phng trnh y' =0. Khi
2
x l im cc tiu.
Ta c
2
2
2 1 4 5
3
m m m
x
+
= nn phi c:
2
2
2 1 4 5
1
3
m m m
x
+
= <
2
2 2
4 2 0
1
5
4 5 4 2 1
5 7
4
4 5
4 5 4 16 16
m
m
m m m m m
m
m m m m
>
s

< s v >

s <

< +

Giao vi (*), ta c: m < - 1 hoc
5 7
4 5
m < < .
Cu II:
1. Phng trnh cho tng vi (sinx - cosx)(cosx - sinx +1) =0
2. Cch 1. H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:

( )
( )
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2
( )2 12 (3) ( ) 13 (1) ( )( ) 13
( ) 13 (4) ( ) 2 25
( ) 25 (2)
x y xy x y x y x y x y
x y x y x y x y xy
x y x y
= + = + =

+ = + + =
+ =

Tr tng v (4) cho (3):
3
( ) 1 x y =
H
2
1 1 1
xy =6 x(x - 1) =6 x - x - 6 =0
y x x y y x = = =

hai nghim (3; 2), ( - 2; - 3)
Cch 2. Thy ngay x = y. H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:

( )
( )
( )
2 2
2 2
2
2
( ) 13 (1)
13
(3)
25
( ) 25 (2)
x y x y
x y
x y
x y x y
+ =
+
=
+
+ =

t y = tx. T (3) suy ra
( ) ( )
2 2 2 2
2 2
2 2
13 1 13
25 25 13 26 13
25 25
1
x t x t
t t t
x tx t
+ +
= = + = + +
+ +

2
2 3
6 13 6 0
3 2
t t t t + = = v = .
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
166
-
2
3
t =
2
3
y x = :
2
3
2 2 25
25 25 3
3 3 27
x
x x x x x
| | | |
+ = = =
| |
\ . \ .
.
-
3
2
t =
3
2
y x = :
2
3
3 3 25
25 25 2
2 2 8
x
x x x x x
| | | |
+ = = =
| |
\ . \ .
.
Cch 3. H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
2 3 2 2 3 3 3
3 2 2 3
( ) ( ) 3 19 13 (1) 19
( ) 6 25 (2)
( ) 6
x y x y xy x xy yx y x y
xy x y x xy yx y
xy x y
( + = + = =

= + =
=

3
1 ( ) 1
6 ( ) 6
x y x y
xy xy x y
= =

= =

Cch 4. H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:

3 2 2 3 3 3
3 2 2 3
13 (1) 19
( ) 6 25 (2)
x xy yx y x y
xy x y x xy yx y
+ = =

= + =

t y = tx. Ta c:

3 2 2 3 3 3
3 2 2 3 3
13 (1) (1 ) 19
25 (2) (1 ) 6
x xy yx y x t
x xy yx y x t t
+ = =

+ = =

Cu III:
1. Hnh chiu vung gc A'B' ca AB ln mt phng l giao tuyn ca mf(P) v
mf(Q), trong mf(Q) l mt phng cha AB v vung gc vi (P). Do mf(Q)
c cp ch phng (2;0; 4) AB =
v (2;1; 1)
P
n =
. Suy ra mt vc t php tuyn

ca mf(Q) l ; (4; 6;2)
Q
n AB n
(
= =

. Vy phng trnh mf(Q):
2x - 3y +z - 4 =0
Nh th, ng thng A'B' c cp ch phng (2;1; 1)
P
n =
, ' (2; 3;1)

Q
n =
nn c
mt vc t php tuyn , ' (5;3; 1)
P Q
n n n
(
= =

. im M(9; 1; -11) tho phng
trnh ca c hai mt phng (P) v (Q), nn M(9; 1; - 11) thuc ng thng A'B'.
Vy phng trnh ng thng A'B' l:

9
5
x
=
1
3
y
=
11
1
z +

2. Gi I(a;b;c) l tm mt cu (S): x
2
+y
2
+z
2
- 2ax - 2by - 2cz +d =0.
O(0; 0 ; 0), A(0; 0; 4), B(2; 0 ;0) thuc (S) suy ra:
0 1
16 8 0 2
4 4 0 0
d a
c d c
a d d
= =

+ = =

+ = =

Mt khc, (P) tip xc mt cu (S) khi ch khi d(I, (P)) = R = OI

2 2 2 2
2 5 6( ) 5 6( 5) 1 a b c a b c b b b + + = + + + = + =
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
167
Vy, phng trnh (S): x
2
+y
2
+z
2
- 2x - 2y - 4z =0.
Cu IV:
1. Tnh I =
1
3 2ln
1 2ln
e
x
dx
x x
+
}

t 1 2ln t x = +
2
1 2ln
dx
t x tdt
x
= + =
Suy ra I =
2 2 2
2
1 1
3 ( 1) 10 2 11
(4 )
3
t
tdt t dt
t

= =
} }

2. Ta c
2 3
2
3x 4 2
4, A =
4
y
x y
x y
+ +
+ > + ,
suy ra
2 2
3x 1 2 1 2
A =
4 4 4 4 2
x y y x y
y
x y x y
| | + | |
+ + + = + + + + +
| |
\ .
\ .

3
2 9
1 3 2
16 2
> + + =
Du ng thc xy ra khi ch khi
2
x 1
4
2
1
8
x
x y
y
y
= =
tho 4 x y + > .
Vy minA =
9
2
.
Cu Va:
1. Phng trnh ng cao BH: x - 3y - 7 =0
AC i qua A v vung gc BH nn phng trnh (AC) l: 3(x - 2) +1(y - 1) =0
3x +y - 7 =0
B thuc BH nn ( ) 3 7; B y y + . Mt khc A(2; 1) nn trung im AB l:
3y+9 1
;
2 2
y
I
+ | |
|
\ .
. I thuc CI c phng trnh x +y +1 =0 nn:
3y+9 1
1 0
2 2
y +
+ + =
3 ( 2; 3) y B = .
To C l nghim ca h phng trnh:
1 0 4
(4; 5)
3 7 0 5
x y x
C
x y y
+ + = =

+ = =

2. S tam gic c mt nh thuc d
1
v hai nh thuc d
2
l
2
10
n
C
S tam gic c mt nh thuc d
2
v hai nh thuc d
1
l
2
10
nC
Theo gi thit ta c:
2
10
n
C +
2
10
nC =2800n
2
+8n - 560 =0 n =20.
Cu Vb:
1. t
2
3 0
x x
t
+
= > .
Phng trnh cho tr thnh t
2
- 10t +9 =0 t =1, t =9. Suy ra:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
168
2
2
2
2
3 1 0 0, 1
1, 2
2
3 9
x x
x x
x x x x
x x
x x
+
+
= + = = =

= =
+ =
=

2. Gi E l trung im BC, H l tm tam gic u ABC.
A'ABC l hnh chp tam gic u nn gc(A,BC,A') =ZAEA'.
Ta c:
3 2 3
2 3 3
a a
AE AH AE = = =
2 2 2 2
3 1
' ' 9 3
3 6 3
AE a
HE A H A A AH b a = = = =
2 2
' 2 3
tan
A H b a
HE a

= =
dt(ABC) =
2
3
4
a
. Ta c:
' ' ' ' ' ' ' A BB C C ABCA B C A ABC
V V V = = A'H.dt(ABC) -
1
3
A'H.dt(ABC) =
2
3
A'H.dt(ABC)
=
2 2 2
3
6
a b a
.

C'
B'
E
C
H
B
A'
A
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
169
S 28

Cu I:
1. Bn c t gii.
2. Gi M(x
1
; y
1
), N(x
2
; y
2
) l hai im thuc th v i xng qua trc tung.
1 2
1 2
3 3
2 2 1 2
1 2
1 1 2 2
1 2
1
3 3
1 2 1 2 2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
3
2 2 2
0
0
11 11
3 3
3 3 3 3
0
3
0
3 3 3
3 3 3 2 18 0
x x
x x
x x
y y
x x x x
x x
x
x x x x
x x
x x x x x
x x x
= <
= <

=
+ + = + +
= <
=
= < =
+ = + + =

= =

Suy ra M(-3;
16
3
), N(3;
16
3
).
Cu II:
1. Phng trnh tng ng (sinx + cosx)(1 - sinxcosx) - cos2x =0
(sinx +cosx)(1 - sinxcosx - cosx +sinx) =0
(sinx +cosx)(1 - cosx)(1 +sinx) =0

4
2
2
2
x k
x k
x k
= +
= +

2. H phng trnh cho tng ng vi:

2
2 2
( ) 3( )
( ) 3 7( )
x y xy x y
x y xy x y
+ =
+ =
(1)
t x - y =u, xy =v.
(1)
2 2
2 2 2
0
0 1 3 0 3 3 0
1
2 2 2
2
u v
u u u u v u u
u
v u v u v u
v
= =
= v = + = =

=

= = =

=

0
0 0
0
2, 1 1
1
1, 2 2
2
x y
x y x y
xy
x y x y
x y
x y xy
xy
=
= = = =
=

= = =

=
= = =

=

Cu III:
1. Ta c d
1
i qua M(0; 3; -1) v c ch phng ( 1;2;3) a =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
170
d
2
i qua N(4; 0; 3) v c ch phng (1;1;2) b =

; (1;5; 3), (4; 3;4) ; 23 0 a b MN a b MN
( (
= = = =

. Suy ra pcm.
2. ng thng A nm trong (P) v ct c hai ng thng d
1
v d
2
nn A i qua
giao im ca d
1
v d
2
vi mf(P).
To giao im A ca d
1
v(P):
3 1
( 2;7;5) 1 2 3
4 3 11 26 0
x y z
A
x y z
+
= =
+ =

To giao im B ca d
2
v(P):

4 3
(3; 1;1) (5; 8; 4) 1 1 2
4 3 11 26 0
x y z
B AB
x y z

= =
+ =

Suy ra phng trnh ng thng A:
2 7 5
5 8 4
x y z +
= =

Cu IV:
1. Ta c
2 2 2
2
0
0 0 0
1 1 1
( 1)sin2 ( 1) (cos2 ) ( 1)cos2 cos2
2 2 2
x x x d x x x xdx

+ = + = + +
} } }

= 1
4
+
2. Phng trnh cho tng ng:

2
2
2
2 1 sin(2 1) 0
2 1 sin(2 1) 1 sin (2 1) 0
1 sin (2 1) 0
x x
x x x
x
y
y y
y
+ + =
( ( + + + + =

+ =
sin(2 1) 1
( )
1
2 0 2 1 sin(2 1) 0
1 2 sin(2 1) 1 sin(2 1) 1
2
2 2
x
x x x
x x
x
y
VN
x
y
y k y y

+ =
=
= + + =

= + + = + =

=

Cu Va:
1. Phng trnh (C) c dng: x
2
+y
2
- 2ax - 2by =0 c tm I(a; b), R
2
=a
2
+b
2

A(- 1; 1) e(C) nn 2 +2a - 2b =0 b =1 +a I(a; 1 +a), R
2
=2a
2
+2a +1.
Do (C) tip xc ng thng (d): x - y +1 - 2 =0, nn:
R =d(I, d)
2
(1 ) 1 2
2 2 1
2
a a
a a
+ +
= + +
2a
2
+2a =0 a =0 hoc a = - 1.
Vy c hai ng trn nh th: x
2
+y
2
- 2y =0
x
2
+y
2
+2x =0
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
171
2. Ba kh nng xy ra:

Kh nng T N Nam S cch chn

1

1
2

3
3
2

2
7
9

10
3 7
7 26
C C
2 9
4 19
C C
2 10
2 10
C C

2

1
2

3
2
3

2
8
8

10
3 7
7 26
C C
2 9
4 19
C C
2 10
2 10
C C

3

1
2

3
2
2

3
8
9

9
3 7
7 26
C C
2 9
4 19
C C
2 10
2 10
C C
Cu Vb:
1. Phng trnh
1
3 3
log (3 1)log (3 3) 6
x x+
= (1)
t
3
log (3 1)
x
t = . Khi (1)
2
( 1) 6 6 0 2, 3 t t t t t t + = + = = = .
Suy ra:
3
3
3 3
log 10 3 1 9
log (3 1) 2
28 1
log 3 1 log (3 1) 3
27 27
x
x
x x
x
x
= =
=

= = =

2. Tnh
SABCD
V .
V S.ABCD l hnh chp u nn H l tm hnh vung ABCD. Gi M l trung
im BC, K l hnh chiud vung gc ca H ln SM. Ta c:
, ( ) ( ) ( ) BC SH BC HM BC mf SHM mf SBC mf SHM
( ) 2 2 HK SM HK mf SBC HK IJ b = =
Trong tam gic SHM vung ti H, HK l ng cao thuc cnh huyn, ta c:
2 2 2 2 2 2
2 2
1 1 1 1 1 4 2
4
16
ab
SH
HK SH HM b SH a
a b
= + = + =

Suy ra
3
2 2
1 2
. ( ) .
3 3
16
SABCD
a b
V SH dt ABCD
a b
= =
.

J
H
K
S
C
C B
A
I
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
172
S 29

Cu I:
1. Bn c t gii.
2. Gi M
0
(x
0
; y
0
) e(C)
0
0
0
3
1
x
y
x
+
=
,
0 2
0
4
'( )
( 1)
y x
x
=
.
Phng trnh tip tuyn ca (C) ti M
0
l :
0 0 2
0
4
( )
( 1)
y x x y
x
= +
(d)
Gi A l giao im ca (d) v tim cn ngang th A(2x
0
- 1; 1),
B l giao im ca (d) v tim cn ng th B(1; y
B
).
M
0
, A, B thng hng v
0
0
2 1 1
2 2
A B
x x x
x
+ +
= = . Suy ra M
0
l trung im AB.
Cu II:
1. Phng trnh cho 4sin
3
x +4sin
2
x +3sin2x +6cosx =0
4sin
2
x(sinx +1)+6cosx(sinx +1) =0
(sinx +1)(4sin
2
x +6cosx) =0

2
sinx =-1
x=- 2
sinx =-1
1
2
osx =-
2 2 2cos 3 osx - 2 =0
x = 2
osx =2 (VN)
3
k
c
x c
k
c

2. Phng trnh cho:
2
2 7 2 1 8 7 1 x x x x x + = + + + 1 2 7 2 1 ( 1)(7 ) 0 x x x x x + =
1( 1 2) 7 ( 1 2) 0 ( 1 2)( 1 7 ) 0 x x x x x x x = =
1 2 0 1 2 5
4
1 7 0 1 7
x x x
x
x x x x

= = =

=
= =

Cu III :
1. Gi d l ng thng i qua O v vung gc mf(ABC). Ta c:
( 1;2;0), ( 1; 2;3) AB AC = =

.
Suy ra mt vc t ch phng ca d l , n AB AC
(
=

=(6; 3; 4).
Khi , phng trnh ca d:
6 3 4
x y z
= = .
2. Gi s phng trnh mf(P): Ax +By +Cz +D =0, A
2
+B
2
+C
2
>0.
(P) i qua O(0; 0; 0) nn D = 0
A thuc (P) nn A +2B =0
Mt khc d(B,(P)) = d(C,(P))
2 2 2 2 2 2
4 3
4 3
B C
B C
A B C A B C
= =
+ + + +
.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
173
Vi 4B = 3C: Chn B = 3, C = 4 khi A = - 6. Suy ra (P): - 6x +3y +4z =0
Vi 4B = - 3C: Chn B = 3, C = - 4 khi A = 6. Suy ra (P): 6x + 3y - 4z =0
Cu IV :
1. Ta c:
I =
2
1
( 2)ln x xdx
}

=
2
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
2
2
1
1
ln ( 2 ) ( 2 )ln ( 2 ) 2ln2 ( 2)
2 2 2 2
5
ln4 ( 2 ) ln4
4 4
x x x x
xd x x x x dx dx
x
x
x
= =
= = +
} } }

2. H phng trnh cho tng ng:

ln(1 ) ln(1 )
2 ln(1 ) ln(1 )
( 2 )( 10 ) 0 ln(1 ) ln(1 )
10
1 2
ln 0 (
1 ln(1 2 ) ln(1 )
2 1
ln(1 10 ) ln(1 ) 9
10 1
x y x y
x y x y x y
x y x y x y x y
x y
y
y
y y y y
x y
y y y
x y
+ + =

= + + =

= + + =

| | +
=
|
+ + + = \ .

= >
+ + =
= >

1)
2 1 (2)
1 10
ln 9 0 (3)
1
10 1 (4)
x y
y
y
y
x y
= >
| | +
=
|
+
\ .
= >

Gii h (1) v (2): t
2 1 1
( ) ln ,
1 2
y
f y y y
y
+
= >
+

Ta c
2
1 1 1 2 3
'( ) . 1 1 .
2 1 ( 1) (2 1)( 1) 1 2 1
y y y
f y
y y y y y y
+ +
= = =
+ + + + + +
.
rng
1 1 2 3
. 0
2 1 2 1
y
y
y y
+
> >
+ +
, ta c:

Thy ngay h c nghim x = y = 0
y
-
1
2
0 +
f '(y) + -

f(y)

0

- -
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
174
Gii h (3) v (4): t
10 1 1
( ) ln 9 ,
1 10
y
f y y y
y
+
= >
+

Ta c
2
1 9 9 9 10 11
'( ) . 9 9 .
10 1 ( 1) (10 1)( 1) 1 10 1
y y y
f y
y y y y y y
+ +
= = =
+ + + + + +
.
rng
1 9 10 11
. 0
10 1 10 1
y
y
y y
+
> >
+ +
, ta c:

Thy ngay h c nghim x = y = 0
Cch 2. H phng trnh cho tng ng

ln(1 ) ln(1 ) (1)
( 2 )( 10 ) 0 (2)
x x y y
x y x y
+ = +

t
1
( ) ln(1 ) , 1 '( ) 1
1 1
t
f t t t t f t
t t
= + > = =
+ +

rng (2) x =2y hoc x = 10y u cho x v y cng du.
i) x =2y:
Nu - 1 <x =2y <y <0 th f(x) <f(y) khng tho (1) (Trong (-1; 0) khng xy
ra x =2y >y)
Nu 0 < y < x = 2y th f(y) >f(x) khng tho (1) (Trong (0 ; +) khng xy ra
y >x =2y)
Nu x = y = 0 th hin nhin tho h phng trnh cho.
ii) x = 10y: Tng t.
Cu Va :
1. Gi phng trnh elip (E):
2 2
2 2 2
2 2
1,( , , 0; )
x y
a b c a c b
a b
+ = > = .
y
-
1
10
0 +
f '(y) + -

f(y)

0

- -
t - 1 0 +
f '(t) + -

f(t)

0

- -
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
175
Theo gi thit 2 2 a = . Cc nh trn trc Oy:
1 2
(0; ), (0; ) B b B b v cc tiu im
.
T gic F
1
B
1
F
2
b
2
l hnh vung b =c a
2
=b
2
+c
2
=2b
2
8 =2b
2
b =2
Suy ra phng trnh (E):
2 2
1
8 4
x y
+ = .
2. T cc ch s 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 thit lp cc s
1 2 3 4 5
n a a a a a = chn, trong
, ; , 1,5
i j
a a i j i j = = = .
V n <2500 nn { }
1
1,2 a e .
Kh nng 1: a
1
=1.
S cch chn a
5
l 4, s cch chn
2 3 4
a a a l
3
5
C s cc s nh th: 4
3
5
A =240
Kh nng 2: a
1
=2, a
2
chn v b hn 5.
S cch chn a
2
l 2, s cch chn a
5
l 2, s cch chn
3 4
a a l
2
4
A s cc s
nh th: 2.2
2
4
A =48.
Kh nng 3: a
1
=2, a
2
l v b hn 5.
S cch chn a
2
l 2, s cch chn a
5
l 3, s cch chn
3 4
a a l
2
4
A s cc s
nh th: 2.3
2
4
A =72.
Vy s tt c cc s to yu cu bi ton l: 240 +48 +72 =360
Cu Vb :
1. Phng trnh cho tng ng:

2 2
2 2
2 2
2
log (log 1) 2 0
2
log 1
log log 2 0
1
log 2
4
x x
x
x
x x
x x
+ =
=
=

+ =

= =

2. Gi O, O' ln lt l tm ca ABCD, A'B'C'D'; I l giao im ca AK vi
OO'. Suy ra
2 3
CK a
OI = = .
Mt phng ( ) cha AK v song song vi BD nn ( ) i qua I v ct
mf(BDB'D') theo giao tuyn MN//BD. Suy ra BM = DN = OI =
3
a
.
MN//BD, ( 'C'C) ( 'C'C) BD mf AA MN mf AA MN AK .
Mt khc I l trung im ca AK v MN nn thit din AMKN l hnh thoi.
Mf( ) ct hnh lp phng thnh hai khi. Gi V
1
l th tch ca khi
ABCDMNK, V
2
l th tch ca khi AMKNA'B'C'D'.
V
1
=2
ABCKM
V =
3
1 1 2
2. . ( ) 2.
3 3 3 3 2 3
a a a a
AB dt BCMK a
| |
= + =
|
\ .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
176
V
2
=
' ' ' ' ABCDA B C D
V - V
1
=
3 3
3
2
3 3
a a
a =

D'
O
N
M
K
D
C
B
A
O'
C'
B'
A'
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
177
S 30

Cu I:
1. Kho st v v th (Bn c t lm)
2. Gi (C ) l th ca hm s.
M(x,y) e ( C )
7
y x 2
x 2
= + +

Phng trnh tim cn xin y x 2 x y 2 0 = + + =
Khong cch t M n tim cn xin l
1
x y 2
7
d
2 2 x 2
+
= =

Khong cch t M n tim cn ng l
2
d x 2 =
Ta c
1 2
7 7
dd x 2
2 x 2 2
= =
: hng s.
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh :
1 1
sin2x sinx 2cotg2x
2sinx sin2x
+ = (1)
(1) cos
2
2x cosxcos2x =2cos2x, sin2x = 0
= v + + =
2
cos2x 0 2cos x cosx 1 0(VN) cos2x =0

t t t
= + t = + 2x k x k
2 4 2

2. t
2
t x 2x 2 = + t
2
2 =x
2
2x
Bt phng trnh cho
s s s e +
+
2
t 2
m (1 t 2), dox [ 0;1 3]
t 1

Kho st
2
t 2
g(t)
t 1
=
+
vi 1 s t s 2
g'(t)
2
2
t 2t 2
0
(t 1)
+ +
= >
+
. Vy g tng trn [1,2]
Bt phng trnh
>
+
2
t 2
m
t 1
c nghim t e [1,2]
| | e
s = =
t 1;2
2
m max g(t) g(2)
3

Cu III:
1. Ta c =
AB ( 2; 4; 16) cng phng vi =
a ( 1; 2; 8)
mp(P) c vc t php tuyn =
n (2; 1;1)
Ta c

[ n , a] =(6 ;15 ;3) cng phng vi (2;5;1)
Phng trnh mt phng cha AB v vung gc vi mf(P) l :
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
178
2(x +1) +5(y 3) +1(z +2) =0
2x +5y +z 11 =0
2. Tm M e (P) sao cho MA +MB nh nht.
A, B cng pha i vi mf (P). Gi A' l im i xng vi A qua (P)
Phng trnh ng thng ( AA') :
x 1 y 3 z 2
2 1 1
+ +
= =

AA' ct (P) ti H, ta H l nghim ca h:

+ + =

+ +
= =

2x y z 1 0
H(1; 2; 1)
x 1 y 3 z 2
2 1 1

V H l trung im ca AA' nn ta c :

= +
= +
= +
H A A '
H A A '
H A A '
2x x x
2y y y A '(3;1; 0)
2z z z

Ta c =
A ' B ( 6; 6; 18) (cng phng vi (1;-1;3) )

Phng trnh ng thng (A'B) :

= =
x 3 y 1 z
1 1 3

Vy ta im M l nghim ca h phng trnh

+ + =

= =

2x y z 1 0
M(2; 2; 3)
x 3 y 1 z
1 1 3

Cu IV:
1. t
2
t 2x 1 t 2x 1 2tdt 2dx dx tdt = + = + = =
i cn t(4) =3, t(0) =1
Vy
4 3 3
2
0 1 1
2x 1 t 1
I dx dt t 1 dt
1 t t 1 1 2x 1
+ | |
= = = +
|
+ + + + \ .
} } }

=
3
2
1
t
t l n t 1 2 l n2
2
(
+ + = +
(
(

2. Gii h phng trnh

+ + = +
+ + = +
2 y 1
2 x 1
x x 2x 2 3 1
(I )
y y 2y 2 3 1

t u = x 1, v =y 1
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
179
(I) thnh:
+ + =
+ + =
2 v
2 u
u u 1 3
v v 1 3
(II)
Xt hm f(x)
2
x x 1 = + +
f (x)
+
+ +
= + = > >
+ + +
2
2 2 2
x x
x x 1 x
1 0
x 1 x 1 x 1

Vy f ng bin trn R.
Nu u > v f(u) >f(v) >
v u
3 3 v >u ( v l )
Tng t nu v > u cng dn n v l.
Suy ra u =v.

Do h (II)
| |
= +
| + + =
\ .

=

u 2
2 u
1 3 u 1 u
u u 1 3
u v
u v

t: g(u)
u 2
3 ( u 1 u) = +

| |
= + + |
|
+
\ .
u 2 u
2
u
g'(u) 3 l n3( u 1 u) 3 1
u 1

( ) ( ) R u , 0
1 u
1
3 l n u 1 u 3 u ' g
2
2 u
e >
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
+ =
Vy g(u) ng bin trn R.
Ta c g(0) =1. Vy u = 0 l nghim duy nht ca (1)
Nn (II) u =0 =v
Vy (I) x =y =1.
Ch : chng t u = v c th bin i:
( )
( )
( ) ( )
= +
+ + =

+ = +

+ + = = +
v 2
2 v
u 2 v 2
2 u u 2
1 3 u u 1
u u 1 3
3 v v 1 3 u u 1
v v 1 3 1 3 v v 1

+ +
=
2 2
u v
u u 1 v v 1
3 3
(*)
Xt hm s
+
=
2
t
t t 1
f (t)
3
ng bin, nn (*) suy ra u =v.
Cu Va:
1. ng thng OI ni 2 tm ca 2 ng trn (C), (C') l ng phn gic y = x
. Do , ng AB ng y = x h s gc ca ng thng AB bng 1.
V AB 2 = A, B phi l giao im ca (C) vi Ox, Oy.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
180
Suy ra
A(0;1) , B(1; 0)
A '( 1; 0), B'(0; 1)

Suy ra phng trnh AB : y = x +1 hoc y = x 1.
Cch khc: phng trnh AB c dng: y = x +m.
Pt honh giao im ca AB l
x
2
+( x +m)
2
=1 + =
2 2
2x 2mx m 1 0 (2)
(2) c A =
/ 2
2 m , gi x
1
, x
2
l nghim ca (2) ta c :
= = =
2 2 2
1 2 1 2
AB 2 2(x x ) 2 (x x ) 1
A
= = =
/
2
2
4
1 2 m 1 m 1
a

Vy phng trnh AB : y = x 1.
2. Gi =
1 2 3 4
n a a a a l s cn lp.
TH1 : a
4
=0, ta c 8 cch chn a
1
(v a
1
> 2)
8 cch chn a
2
7 cch chn a
3
(1 cch chn a
4
)
Vy ta c 8.8.7.1 = 448 s n.
TH2 : a
4
= 0 v a
4
chn. Ta c : 4 cch chn a
4

7 cch chn a
1

8 cch chn a
2

7 cch chn a
3

Vy ta c 4.7.8.7 = 1568 s n
Vy c 2 trng hp ta c : 448 + 1568 = 2016 s n.

Cu Vb:
1. iu kin x > 0 , x = 1
(1)
| |
+ >
|
\ .
4 2
8
1 1
2l og x l og 2x 0
l og x 2
( )
| |
|
+ + >
|
|
\ .
2 2
2
1
l og x l og x 1 0
1
l og x
3

| | + +
+ > >
|
|
\ .
s v > < s >
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2
l og x 1 l og x 1
(l og x 3) 0 0
l og x l og x
1
l og x 1 l og x 0 0 x v x 1
2

2.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
181
Chn h trc Axyz sao cho: A O,
( )
C 2a; 0; 0 ,
1
A (0; 0; 2a 5)

| |
|
|
\ .
a a 3
A(0; 0; 0), B ; ; 0
2 2
v M( 2a; 0; a 5)
| |
= =
|
|
\ .

1
5 3
BM a ; ; 5 , M A a(2; 0; 5)
2 2

Ta c: = + =

2
1 1
BM.MA a ( 5 5) 0 BM MA
Ta c th tch khi t din AA
1
BM l :

A
( (
= = = =

3
2
1 BMA 1
1
1 a 15 1
V A A . AB, AM ; S MB, MA 3a 3
6 3 2

Suy ra khong cch t A n mp (BMA
1
) bng = =
3V a 5
d .
S 3

Cch khc:
+Ta c:
2 2 2 2
1 1 1 1
9 AM AC C M a = + =

2 2 2 0 2
2 . .cos120 7 BC AB AC AB AC a = + =

2 2 2
BM BC CM = +
= + = = +
2 2 2 2 2 2
1 1 1
A B A A AB 21a A M MB
MB vung gc vi
1
MA
+Hnh chp MABA
1
v CABA
1
c chung y l tam gic ABA
1
v ng
cao bng nhau nn th tch bng nhau.
= = = =
3
MABA CABA 1 ABC
1 1
1 1
V V V AA .S a 15
3 3

= = =
1
MBA 1
1
3V 6V a 5
d(a,(MBA ) )
S MB.MA 3
.

M
C
1

B
1

A
1

C
B
A
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
182
S 31

Cu I:
1. Kho st v v th (bn c t lm)
2. Tm m:
Ta c:
2
2 2
m m (x 2) m
y x m y ' 1
x 2
(x 2) (x 2)

= + + = =

th hm s c 2 im cc tr y' =0 c 2 nghim phn bit
(x 2)
2
m =0 c 2 nghim phn bit = 2 m >0
Gi A (x
1
, y
1
) ; B (x
2
, y
2
) l 2 im cc tr

1 1
2 2
x 2 m y 2 m 2 m
y ' 0
x 2 m y 2 m 2 m
= = +
=
= + = + +

Phng trnh ng thng (AB) :
x (2 m) y (2 m 2 m)
(m 0)
2 m 4 m
+
= >
2x y 2 +m =0
(AB) i qua gc O (0; 0) 2 +m =0 m =2.
Cch khc:
2
x (m 2)x m u
y
x 2 v
+ +
= =
;
2
m
y ' 1
(x 2)
=

y' =0 c 2 nghim phn bit m >0
Khi m > 0, pt ng thng qua 2 cc tr l
/
/
u
y 2x m 2
v
= = +
Do , yu cu ca bi ton m 2 =0 m 2 = .
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
2cos x 2 3sinx cosx 1 3(sinx 3cosx) + + = + (1)
(1) 2 cos2x 3 si n 2x 3(si n x 3 cosx) + + = +

1 3 1 3
2 2 cos2x si n2x 6 si nx cosx
2 2 2 2
| | | |
+ + = +
| |
| |
\ . \ .

2 2cos 2x 6cos x
3 6
t t | | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

1 cos 2x 3cos x
3 6
t t | | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
183

2
2cos x 3cos x
6 6
t t | | | |
=
| |
\ . \ .

3
cos x 0v cos x (l oai )
6 6 2
t t | | | |
= =
| |
\ . \ .

t +
t
= t +
t
=
t
k
3
2
x k
2 6
x
, k e Z.
2. Gii h:
4 3 2 2
3 2
x x y x y 1
x y x xy 1
+ =
+ =
(I)
(I)
+ + =
+ + =
2 2 3
2 3
( x xy) x y 1
( x xy) x y 1

t u = x
2
+xy, v =x
3
y
(I) thnh
= +
= =
+ =
v

= =
+ = =

2
2
v u 1
u 0 u 1
u v 1
v 1 v 0
u v 1 u u 0

Do h cho tng ng:
2 2
4 2
3 3
y x y 0
x xy 0 x xy 1
x 1 x 1(vn)
x y 1 x y 0

= =
+ = + =

v v

= = = =

= =
v

= =

x 1 x 1
y 1 y 1

Cch 2. Phng trnh th hai bin i thnh tch.
Cu III:
1. Ta c mt vc t ch phng ca ng thng AB l ( 2; 4; 0) hay =
a ( 1; 2; 0)
Ta c mt vc t ch phng ca ng thng OC l (2; 4; 6) hay =
b (1; 2; 3)
Ta c =
OA (2; 0; 0) cng phng vi =
c (1; 0; 0)
Ta c
(
=

a, b .c 6 = 0 AB v OC cho nhau.
2. ng thng d c mt vc t ch phng ( ) 12; 0; 36 hay ( ) u 1; 0; 3 =

Ta c ( ) a, u 6;3;2
(
=

Mt phng (o) i qua A, c mt vc t php tuyn l a, u
(

(o cha AB) nn c
phng trnh:
6(x 2) +3(y 0) +2 (z - 0) =0
6x +3y +2z 12 =0 (o)
Ta c ( ) b, u 6; 6;2
(
=

Mt phng (|) qua O, c c mt vc t php tuyn l l (3; - 3; 1) (| cha OC)
nn c phng trnh:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
184
3x - 3y +z =0 (|)
Vy, ng thng A song song vi d ct cc ng thng (AB), (OC) l giao
tuyn ca hai mt phng:

6x 3y 2z 12 0
3x 3y z 0
+ + =
+ =

D thy ng thng A i qua
4
(0; ;4)
3
M v c cp ch phng ( ) n 6;3;2
o
=
v
( ) n 3; 3;1
|
=
. T suy ra phng trnh A.

Cu IV:
1. Ta giao im ca hai ng l nghim ca h

2
x
x 0 x 4
y
v
4
y 0 y 4
y x
= = =

= =

t =
|
|
.
|
\
|
t =
|
|
.
|
\
|
t =
}
15
128
80
x
3
x
dx
16
x
x V
4
0
4
0
5 3 4
2
(vtt)

2. Vi x, y, z > 0 ta c
4(x
3
+y
3
) > (x +y)
3
(-) Du = xy ra x =y
Tht vy (-) 4(x +y)(x
2
xy +y
2
) > (x +y)
3

4(x
2
xy +y
2
) > (x +y)
2
do x, y >0
3(x
2
+y
2
2xy) > 0 (x y)
2
> 0 (ng)
Tng t ta c 4(y
3
+z
3
) > (y +z)
3
Du = xy ra y =z
4(z
3
+x
3
) > (z +x)
3
Du = xy ra z =x
Do
( ) ( ) ( )
( )
3 3 3 3 3 3
3 3 3 3
4 x y 4 y z 4 z x 2 x y z 6 xyz + + + + + > + + >
Ta li c
3
2 2 2
xyz
6
x
z
z
y
y
x
2 >
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ +
Du = xy ra x =y =z
Suy ra:
12
xyz
1
xyz 6 P
3
3
>
|
|
.
|
\
|
+ >
Du = xy ra
= =
=
z y x
1 xyz

x =y =z =1
Vy minP = 12. t c khi x = y = z = 1
Cu Va:
1. Ta A l nghim ca h
{ {
4x y 14 0 x 4
2x 5y 2 0 y 2
+ + = =
+ = =
A(4, 2)
V G(2, 0) l trng tm ca AABC nn
x
A
O
y
x
4
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
185

= +
= +
+ + =
+ + =
2 y y
2 x x
y y y y 3
x x x x 3
C B
C B
C B A G
C B A G
(1)

V B(x
B
, y
B
) e AB y
B
=4x
B
14 (2)
C(x
C
, y
C
) e AC
5
2
5
x 2
y
C
C
+ = ( 3)
Th (2) v (3) vo (1) ta c
= =
= =
= +
= +
0 y 1 x
2 y 3 x
2
5
2
5
x 2
14 x 4
2 x x
C C
B B
C
B
C B

Vy A(4, 2), B(3, 2), C(1, 0)
2. Nu n s 2 th n +6 s 8. Do s tam gic c ba nh c ly t n + 6 im
khng vt qua 439 56 C
3
8
< = (loi). Vy n > 3
V mi tam gic c to thnh ng vi 1 t hp 3 chp n + 6 phn t. Nhng
trn cnh CD c 3 nh, trn cnh DA c n nh nn s tam gic to thnh l:

( )( )( ) ( )( )
439
6
n 1 n 2 n
1
6
6 n 5 n 4 n
C C C
3
n
3
3
3
6 n
=

+ + +
=
+

(n +4)(n +5)(n +6) (n 2)(n 1)n =2540
n
2
+4n 140 =0 ( ) n 2 144 l oai v n 3 v n 2 144 10 = > = + =
p s: n = 10
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh:
4 2
2x 1
1 1
l og (x 1) l og x 2
l og 4 2
+
+ = + + (1)
iu kin x >1
(1) ( ) ( ) ( )
2
1
2 x l og 1 x 2 l og 1 x l og
4 4 4
= + + +
( ) ( )
4
x 1 2x 1 1
l og
x 2 2
+ (
=
(
+

v
x >1

2
2x x 1
2
x 2

=
+
v x >1 2x
2
3x 5 =0 v x >1
5
x
2
=
2. Gi M l trung im ca BC. th SM BC,
AM BC ( )
o
60 ABC , SBC SMA = =
.

Suy ra ASMA u c cnh bng
2
3 a

Do
o
SMA
60 si n . AM . SM .
2
1
S =
S
A
C
B
M
N
60
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
186

16
3 a 3
2
3
.
4
a 3
.
2
1
2 2
= =
Ta c
SABC SBAM SAM
1
V 2V 2. .BM.S
3
= =
16
3 a
16
3 a
. a .
3
1
3 2
=
3
=
Gi N l trung im ca on SA. Ta c CN SA

a 13
CN
4
= (v ASCN vung ti N)

2
SCA
1 1 a 3 a 13 a 39
S .AS.CN . .
2 2 2 4 16
= = =
Ta c
( ) ( ) SAC , B d .
16
39 a
.
3
1
SAC , B d . S .
3
1
16
3 a
V
2
SCA
3
SABC
= = =

( )
= =
3
2
3 3a
d B,(SAC) a 3
a 39 13
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
187
S 32

Cu I:
1. Kho st y = 2x
3
+6x
2
5 (Bn c t lm)
2. Vit phng trnh tip tuyn (C) i qua A(1; 13)
Ta c y' =6x
2
+12x
Gi M
0
(x
0
; y
0
) l tip im thuc (C) 5 x 6 x 2 y
2
0
3
0 0
+ =
Phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C) ti M
0
: y y
0
=f '(x
0
)(x x
0
)
( )( ) 5 x 6 x 2 x x x 12 x 6 y
2
0
3
0 0 0
2
0
+ + =
V tip tuyn i qua A(1; 13) nn
( )( )
0
2
0
2
0
2
0
3
0
x 1 x 12 x 6 5 x 6 x 2 13 + + + =

2
0 0
3
0
2
0 0
3
0
x 12 x 12 x 6 x 6 5 x 6 x 2 13 + + =
+ = = v =
3
0 0 0 0
x 3x 2 0 x 1 x 2
Ta c = v = y(1) 1 y( 2) 35.
M(1; 1) th phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C) qua A l:
y +1 =6(x 1) y =6x 7
M(2; 35) th phng trnh tip tuyn vi (C) qua A l:
y 35 = 48(x +2) y = 48x 61
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh:
2
x 3
cos 2
4 2
x
cos
4 2
x 5
si n =
|
.
|
\
| t

|
.
|
\
| t
(1)
(1)
2
x 3
cos 2
2
x
4 2
si n
4 2
x 5
si n =
|
.
|
\
|

t
+
t
|
.
|
\
| t

2
x 3
cos 2
2
x
4
3
si n
4 2
x 5
si n =
|
.
|
\
|

t
|
.
|
\
| t

3x 3x
2cos x si n 2 cos
4 2 2 2
t t | | | |
+ =
| |
\ . \ .

2
x 3
cos 2
2
x 3
cos
4
x cos 2 =
|
.
|
\
| t
+

3x 2
cos 0 v cos x
2 4 2
t | |
= + =
|
\ .

3x 3
k v x k2
2 2 4 4
t t t
= + t + = + t

2
x k vx k2 vx k2
3 3 2
t t t
= + = + t =t+ t

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
188
2. Tm m phng trnh: m x 1 x
4 2
= + (1) c nghim
Xt hm s ( ) x 1 x x f
4 2
+ = (iu kin: x > 0)
( )
( )
0
x
1
1 x
x
2
1
x ' f
4
3
2
<
|
|
|
.
|
\
|
+
= , x >0. V
( )
3 6 3 4
2
4
1
1
x x x
x
x x
x
< = =
+

Ta c f gim trn | ) 0; + v
x
l i m f (x) 0
+
= nn ta c
| ) 0 f (x) 1, x 0; < s e + .
Vy, phng trnh (1) c nghim metp gi tr ca f trn on | ) 0; +
0 <m s 1
Cu III:
1. ng thng AB c VTCP ( ) ( ) 3 , 2 , 2 4 12 , 8 , 8 a = =
Phng trnh ng thng AB:
+ =
=
+ =
t 3 5 z
t 2 5 y
t 2 3 x

im I (3+2t; 5- 2t; 5+3t) AB (P) e khi
(3 +2t) +(5 2t) +(5 +3t) =0 t =1
Vy ng thng AB ct mt phng (P) ti I(1; 3; 2)
2. Tm M e (P) MA
2
+MB
2
nh nht
Gi H l trung im ca on AB. Tam gic MAB c trung tuyn MH nn:
2
AB
MH 2 MB MA
2
2 2 2
+ = +
Do MA
2
+MB
2
nh nht MH
2
nh nht MH nh nht
Ta thy H(1; 1; 1), M e (P)
MH nh nht MH (P) v rng mt phng (P): x + y + z = 0 c vc t
php tuyn ( ) 1;1;1 OH =
v O e (P) M (0; 0; 0)
Vy, vi M(0; 0; 0) th MA
2
+MB
2
nh nht. Khi , ta c min(MA
2
+MB
2
) =
OA
2
+OB
2
=(9 +25 +25) +(25 +9 +49) =142.
Cu IV:
1. Ta giao im ca 2 ng
( )
1 x
x 1 x
y
2
+
= v y = 0 l A(0, 0); B(1, 0). Khi

0 s x s 1 x(1 x) > 0
( )
0
1 x
x 1 x
y
2
>
+
=
Do din tch hnh phng gii hn bi 2 ng cho l

( )
1 1 1 2
2 2 2
0 0 0
x 1 x x x x 1
S dx dx 1 dx
x 1 x 1 x 1
+ + | |
= = = +
|
+ + +
\ .
} } }

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
189

}
+
+
+ =
1
0
2
1
0
dx
1 x
1 x
x S
t: x = tgt dx =(tg
2
t +1)dt
i cn x 1 t ; x 0 t 0
4
t
= = = =

( ) ( ) | |
} }
t
t
+
t
= = + =
+
+
=
4
0
4
0
1
0
2
2 l n
2
1
4
t cos l n t dt 1 tgt dx
1 x
1 x
S
Vy
2 l n
2
1
4
1 S +
t
+ =

2. t: f(t) = e
t
,
( )
/
3
2
2
2
t 1
g t ;g (t) 0, t 1
t 1
(t 1)
= = < >

Ta c f tng v g gim trn tng khong xc nh.
H phng trnh (1)
( ) ( )
( ) ( )
= +
= +
2007 x g y f
2007 y g x f
f(x) +g(y) =f(y) +g(x) (-)
Nu x > y f(x) >f(y) g(y) <g(x) ( do(-)
y >x ( do g gim ) v l.
Tng t khi y > x cng dn n v l.
Do , (1) (2)
x
2
x
e 2007 0
x 1
x y
+ =

Xt: ( ) 2007
1 x
x
e x h
2
x
+ = (,x, >1 )
Nu x > 0 t< 1 th x >1:
Khi x >1 ( )
( )
( )
2
3
2 x
2
3
2
x
1 x e
1 x
1
e x ' h

=
=

( ) ( )
( )
5
x 2 x
2
5
2
2
3 3x
h'' x e x 1 .2x e 0
2
x 1
= + = + >

Suy ra, h'(x) ng bin trn (1, +). Mt khc, ( ) ' 1,001 0 h < , '(2007) 0 h > .
Chng t tn ti x
0
thuc khong (1, +) sao cho h'(x) <0 trn(1; x
0
), h'(x) <0
trn (x
0
;+).
Suy ra, hm s h(x)nghch bin trn (1; x
0
), ng bin trn (x
0
;+).
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
190
Mt khc, ( ) + =
+
x h l i m
1 x
, ( )
x
l i m h x
+
= + v
( )
= + <
2
2
h 2 e 2007 0
3
.
Suy ra: h(x) = 0 c ng 2 nghim x
1
>1, x
2
>1.
Cu Va:
1. Vi iu kin: x > 2, y > 3, ta c:
( ) ( )( )
( )( ) ( )
= +
= +
= +
= +
66 1 x x
2
1
2 y 1 y y
22 2 y 1 y y
6
1
1 x x
66 C A
22 C A
2
x
3
y
3
y
2
x

( )
2 3 2
3 2 2
6x 6x y 3y 2y 132 (1)
y 3y 2y .2 x x 132 (2)
+ + =
+ + =

2 3 2
2
6x 6x y 3y 2y 132
11x 11x 132 0 (2) 2(1)
+ + =

{
( ) ( )
{
2 3 2
x 4
x 4 hay x 3 (l oai ) x 4
y 5 y 2y 12 0 y 5 y 3y 2y 60
= = = =

+ + = = + =

2. ng trn (C) c tm I(4, 3), bn knh R =2
Ta ca I(4, 3) tha phng trnh (d): x +y 1 =0. Vy I e d
Vy AI l mt ng cho ca hnh vung ngoi tip ng trn, c bn knh
R =2 , x =2 v x=6 l 2 tip tuyn ca (C ) nn
. Hoc l A l giao im cc ng (d) v x =2 A(2, 1)
. Hoc l A l giao im cc ng (d) v x =6 A(6, 5)
. Khi A(2, 1) B(2, 5); C(6, 5); D(6, 1)
. Khi A(6, 5) B(6, 1); C(2, 1); D(2, 5)
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh: ( ) ( ) 2 1 x 2 l og 1 x l og
3
2
3
= +
( )
3 3
2l og x 1 2l og 2x 1 2 + =
( )
3 3
l og x 1 l og 2x 1 1 + =
( )
3 3
l og x 1 2x 1 l og 3 =
( ) x 1 2x 1 3 =

{
> < <

v
=
+ =
2
2
1
x 1 x 1
2
2x 3x 2 0
2x 3x 4 0 ( vn)
x 2 =
2.
- BC vung gc vi (SAB)
BC vung gc vi AH
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
191
Mt khc, SB vung gc vi AH
AH vung gc vi (SBC) AH vung gc SC (1)
+ Tng t AK vung gc SC (2)
(1) v (2) SC vung gc vi (AHK )
-
2 2 2 2
SB AB SA 3a = + = SB =a 3
AH.SB =SA.AB AH =
a 6
3
SH =
2a 3
3
SK =
2a 3
3

(do 2 tam gic SAB v SAD bng nhau v cng vung ti A)
Ta c HK song song vi BD nn
HK SH 2a 2
HK
BD SB 3
= = .
Gi AG l ng cao ca tam gic cn AHK (AH = AK), ta c:
= =
2
2 2 2
4a
AG AH HG
9
AG =
2a
3
.
Gi E l hnh chiu ca A trn SC. Khi AE thuc mf(AHK). Thy ngay A,
G, E thng hng, E l trung im SC do tam gic SAC vung cn. Gi I l hnh
chiu ca O trn AE. OI =
1
2
EC =
1
4
SC =
2
a
.
= = = =
3
OAHK AHK
1 1 a 1 1 a 1 2 2 a 2
V OI .S . . HK.AM . . . a 2. a
3 3 2 2 3 2 2 3 3 27

Cch khc: Tam gic SAC vung cn nh A, AS = AC = 2 a , nn SC =2a.
Gi E l hnh chiu ca A trn SC. Khi AE thuc mf(AHK). Thy ngay A,
G, E thng hng, E l trung im SC. G l trng tm tam gic SBD.
Do HK =
2
3
BD =
2
2
3
a = .
AG =
2
3
AE =
2
3
.
1
2
SC =
2
3
.
1
2
2a =
2
3
a
Cch khc:
Chn h trc ta Oxyz sao cho
A O (0;0;0), B(a;0;0), C( a;a;0), D(0;a;0),
S (0;0; a 2 ). Suy ra ta H v K.
Khi ,
1
,
6
OAHK
V AH AK AO
(
=

I
H
D
C
B
A
S
E
K
G
O
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
192
S 33

Cu I:
x 2
1
1 x y
+ + = (Bn c t lm)
2. Ta c:
( ) ( )
2
2
2
x 2
4 m x 4 x
x 2
m
1 ' y
+ +
=
+ =
y' =0 x
2
+4x +m 4 =0 (2 x)
2
=m (x = 2) (-)
th (Cm) c cc i phng trnh (-) c 2 nghim phn bit = 2 m >0
Khi y' = 0 m 2 x
1
= , m 2 x
2
+ = , ta c:
x x
1
2 x
2
+
y' 0 + + 0
y
+

+

C

CT

im cc i A(2 + m , 1 2 m )
Phng trnh tip tuyn vi (Cm) ti im C A c phng trnh:
m 2 1 y = , do m 2 1 m 2 1 OB + = =
AB =X
2
=2 + m (v B e Oy x
B
=0)
AAOB vung cn OB =BA 1 +2 m =2 + m m =1
Cch khc:
2
x 3x 2 m
y
2 x
+ +
=
c dng
2
ax bx c
y
Ax B
+ +
=
+
vi a.A < 0
Do , khi hm c cc tr th x
CT
<x
C

x
C
=
2
x 2 m = + v y
C
=
2
2x 3
1
=1 2 m
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: gx cot tgx
x si n
x 2 cos
x cos
x 2 si n
= + (1)
(1)
x si n
x cos
x cos
x si n
x cos x si n
x si n x 2 si n x cos x 2 cos
=
+
( )
x cos x si n
x cos x si n
x cos x si n
x x 2 cos
2 2

cosx cos2x si n2x 0 = . =
2
2cos x cosx 1 0 si n2x 0 + = . =

1
cosx ( cosx 1 :l oai v si nx 0)
2
= = = t +
t
= 2 k
3
x
2. Phng trnh: 0 1 x m x 13 x
4 4
= + + (1)
(1) x 1 m x 13 x
4 4
= +
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
193

( )

=
s
= +
s
m 1 x 9 x 6 x 4
1 x
x 1 m x 13 x
1 x
2 3 4 4

ycbt ng thng y = m ct phn th f(x) = 4x
3
6x
2
9x 1 vi x s 1
ti 1 im
f(x) =4x
3
6x
2
9x 1
TX: x s 1
f'(x) =12x
2
12x 9 =3(4x
2
4x 3)
f'(x) =0 4x
2
4x 3 =0
2
3
x
2
1
x = v =
x
1
/
2
1
3
/
2
+
f' + 0 0 +
f
C

+

12
CT

T bng bin thin ta c:
ycbt
3 3
m hay m 12 m hay m 12
2 2
= < = >
Cu III:
1. Theo gi thit A(2,0,0) M(0,3,6) O(0,0,0)
Bn knh mt cu ( ) 5 3 6 3 MO R
2 2
= + = =
Khong cch t tm M ca mt cu n mt phng (P): x + 2y 9 =0.

R 5 3
5
15
5
9 6 0
d = = =

=

Vy (P) tip xc vi mt cu tm M bn knh MO
Phng trnh ng thng d qua M v vung gc vi mt phng (P) l:

x y 3 x t
y 3 2t
1 2
z 6
z 6
+ =

=
= +

=
=

(t e R)
Th vo phng trnh (P) ta c: t +2(2t 3) 9 =0 t =3
Vy ta tip im I ca mt cu vi mt phng (P) l t(3,3,6)
2. Gi b l tung ca B, c l cao ca im C
V A(2,0,0) e Ox nn phng trnh (Q): 1
c
z
b
y
2
x
= + +
Ta c M(0,3,6) e mt phng (yOz) nn:
bc c 3 b 6 1
c
6
b
3
= = +
(1)
Ta li c 3
3
bc
bc
2
1
.
3
2
S . OA
3
1
V
OBC OABC
= = = = 9 bc = (2)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
194
T (1) v (2) ta c
{ {
= =
v
= =
bc 9 bc 9
6b 3c 9 6b 3c 9

=
= = v

=
3
b
b c 3
2
c 6

Vy c 2 mt phng (Q) c phng trnh l: 1
3
z
3
y
2
x
= + +
hoc
1
6
z
3
y 2
2
x
=

Cu IV:
1. Ta c:
= +
>
=
2 y x
0 y
x 2 y
2 2
2

L na ng trn tm O, bn knh 2 R = , c y > 0
Phng trnh honh giao im ca 2 ng y = x
2
v
2
x 2 y = :
2 2
x 2 x x 1 = = ; x
2
v | | khi x 1;1 e th
2
2 x > x
2

Do ta c

( )
} } }

= =
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
2 2
dx x dx x 2 dx x x 2 S

}
=
1
1
2
1
dx x 2 I t: x = 2 sint
|
|
.
|
\
|
(
t t
e
2
,
2
t
dx = 2 costdt x 1 t ; x 1 t
4 4
t t
= = = =

} }
t
t
t
t
= =
4
4
4
4
2
1
tdt cos 2 . t cos 2 tdt cos 2 . t si n 2 2 I

( ) |
.
|
\
|
+
t
=
(
+ = + = =
t
t
t
t
t
t
} }
2
1
4
2 t 2 si n
2
1
t dt t 2 cos 1 tdt cos 2 I
4
4
4
4
4
4
2
1

(Nhn xt :
( ) ( )
4 4
1
0
4
I 1 cos2t dt 2 1 cos2t dt
t t
t
= + = +
} }

V f(t) =1 cos2t + l hm chn)

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
195

1 1
2 2
2
1 0
2
I x dx 2 x dx
3
= = =
} }

Vy
3
1
2 3
2
1
2 3
2
2
1
4
2 S +
t
= +
t
= |
.
|
\
|
+
t
=
(vdt )
(Nhn xt :
( ) ( )
1 1
2 2 2 2
1 0
S 2 x x dx 2 2 x x dx
= =
} }

V g(x) =
2 2
2 x x l hm chn)
2. H phng trnh
+ =
+
+
+ =
+
+
) 2 ( x y
9 y 2 y
xy 2
y
) 1 ( y x
9 x 2 x
xy 2
x
2
3 2
2
3 2

T h suy ra:
( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
3 3
1 1
VT 2xy x y VP
x 1 8 y 1 8
| |
|
= + = + =
|
+ +
\ .

D thy ,VT, s 2,xy, s x
2
+y
2
=VP
(
( ) ( )
1
8 1 y
1
8 1 x
1
3
2
3
2
s
+
+
+
v du = xy )
Ta c VT =VP
= =
= =
x y 1
x y 0

Th li, kt lun h phng trnh c 2 nghim = = = = x y 1, x y 0
Cu Va:
1. iu kin n > 4 Ta c: ( )

=
= +
n
0 k
k n k 2 k
n
n
2
2 x C 2 x
H s ca s hng cha x
8
l
4 n 4
n
2 C

Ta c:
3 2 1
n n n
A 8C C 49 + =
(n 2)(n 1)n 4(n 1)n +n =49
n
3
7n
2
+7n 49 =0 (n 7)(n
2
+7) =0 n =7
Nn h s ca x
8
l 280 2 C
3 4
7
=
2. Phng trnh ng trn (C): x
2
+y
2
2x +4y +2 =0 c tm I(1, 2) 3 R =
ng trn (C') tm M ct ng trn (C) ti A, B nn AB IM ti trung im
H ca on AB. Ta c
2
3
2
AB
BH AH = = =
.
C 2 v tr cho AB i xng qua tm I.
Gi A'B' l v tr th 2 ca AB, gi H' l trung im ca A'B'.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
196
Ta c:
2
2 2
3 3
I H ' I H I A AH 3
2 2
| |
= = = =
|
|
\ .

Ta c:
( ) ( )
2 2
MI 5 1 1 2 5 = + + =
v
2
7
2
3
5 HI MI MH = = =

3 13
M H ' M I H ' I 5
2 2
= + = + =

Ta c:
13
4
52
4
49
4
3
MH AH MA R
2 2 2 2
1
= = + = + = =

43
4
172
4
169
4
3
' MH ' H ' A ' MA R
2 2 2 2
2
= = + = + = =

Vy c 2 ng trn (C') tha l: (x 5)
2
+(y 1)
2
=13
(x 5)
2
+(y 1)
2
=43
Cu Vb:
1. Phng trnh:
( ) 1
x l og 1
4
3 l og x l og 2
3
x 9 3
=
(1)
(1) ( ) 1
x l og 1
4
x 9 l og
1
x l og 2
3 3
3
=

1
x l og 1
4
x l og 2
x l og 2
3 3
3
=
t: t = log
3
x
(1) thnh
2
2 t 4
1 t 3t 4 0
2 t 1 t
= =
+

(v t =-2, t =1 khng l nghim)
t =- 1 hoc t = 4.
Do , (1)
=
= =
3
3
1
log x 1
x ,x 81
log x 4
3

2. * Chng minh AAHK vung
Ta c: AS CB
AC CB (AACB ni tip na ng trn)
CB (SAC) CB AK
m AK SC AK (SCB)
AK HK AAHK vung ti K
* Tnh V
SABC
theo R
K CI AB
Do gi thit ta c AC = R = OA = OC AAOC u
2
R
I O I A = =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
197
Ta c SA (ABC) nn (SAB) (ABC) CI (SAB)
Suy ra hnh chiu vung gc ca ASCB trn mt phng (SAB) l ASIB
V AB
4
3
BI = . Suy ra SA . R .
4
3
S
4
3
S
SAB SI B
= = (-)
Ta c:
2 2
SBC
R SA . 3 R
2
1
SC . BC
2
1
S + = =

Theo nh l v din tch hnh chiu ta c:

2 2
SBC
o
SBC SI B
R SA
4
3 R
S
2
1
60 cos . S S + = = = (--)
T (-), (--) ta c:
2
R
SA =
. T
12
6 R
ABC dt . SA
3
1
V
3
SABC
= A =
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
198
S 34

Cu I:
1. Kho st (Bn c t lm)
2. Giao im ca tim cn ng vi trc Ox l |
.
|
\
|
0 ,
2
1
A
Phng trnh tip tuyn (A) qua A c dng |
.
|
\
|
+ =
2
1
x k y
(A) tip xc vi (C)
/
x 1 1
k x
2x 1 2
x 1
k co nghi em
2x 1
+ | |
= +
|
+
\ .

+ | |
=
|
+
\ . ( )
=
+
|
.
|
\
|
+ =
+
+
) 2 ( k
1 x 2
3
) 1 (
2
1
x k
1 x 2
1 x
2

Th (2) vo (1) ta c pt honh tip im l
( )
2
1
3 x
x 1 2
2x 1
2x 1
| |
+
|
+
\ .
=
+
+

1
(x 1)(2x 1) 3(x )
2
+ = + v
1
x
2
=
3
x 1
2
=
5
x
2
= .
Do
12
1
k =
Vy phng trnh tip tuyn cn tm l:
1 1
y x
12 2
| |
= +
|
\ .

Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: 1 x cos
12
x si n 2 2 = |
.
|
\
| t
(1)
(1) 1
12
si n
12
x 2 si n 2 =
(
t
|
.
|
\
| t

1
si n 2x si n
12 12 2
t t | |
=
|
\ .

12
cos
6
si n 2
12
si n
4
si n
12
x 2 si n
t t
=
t
+
t
= |
.
|
\
| t

12
5
si n
12
cos
12
x 2 si n
t
=
t
= |
.
|
\
| t

( )
5 7
2x k2 hay 2x k2 k Z
12 12 12 12
t t t t
= + t = + t e
( ) x k hay x k k Z
4 3
t t
= + t = + t e
2. Phng trnh cho ( ) ( ) m 9 4 x 6 4 x 1 4 x 2 4 x = + + + (1)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
199
( ) ( ) m 3 4 x 1 4 x
2 2
= + m 3 4 x 1 4 x = + (1)
t: 0 4 x t > =
(1) m 3 t 1 t = + (-)
Phng trnh cho c ng 2 nghim (-) c ng 2 nghim t > 0
V th ca hm s ( ) 0 t , 3 t 1 t t f > + =
Ta c ( )
>
s s
s s
=
3 t neu 4 t 2
3 t 1 neu 2
1 t 0 neu t 2 4
t f
y

4

2

0
1 2 3 x

T th, thy ngay yu cu bi ton c tha 2 <m s 4.
Cch khc
m 3 t 1 t = + . t 0 >
{ { {
s < s s >
v v
= = =
0 t 1 1 t 3 t 3
m 4 2t m 2 m 2t 4

{

s < >

s s
< s v v >

=
+

= =

0 t 1 t 3
1 t 3
2 m 4 m 2
m 2
4 m 4 m
t t
2 2

Do : 2 < m s 4
( khi 2 <m s 4 th (-) c ng 2 nghim t
1
, t
2
tha
1
0 t 1 s < v t
2
>3 )
Cu III:
1. Tm giao im M ca ng thng d v mt phng (P)
Phng trnh s ca d:
=
+ =
+ =
t 1 z
t 2 y
t 2 3 x
c VTCP ( ) 1 , 1 , 2 a =
Th vo phng trnh (P): (3 +2t) +(2 +t) +(1 t) +2 =0 t =1 M (
1 ;- 3 ; 0)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
200
Mt phng (Q) cha d v vung gc (P) c PVT | | ( ) 1 , 3 , 2 n , a n P Q = =
Suy ra phng trnh mt phng (Q) cha d v vung gc (P) l:
2(x 1) 3(y +3) +1(z 0) =0 2x 3y +z 11 =0 (Q)
2. Phng trnh ng thng (d') hnh chiu ca d ln mt phng P l:
d':
{
x y z 2 0
2x 3y z 11 0
+ + + =
+ =
c VTCP ( ) d' a 4;1; 5 =

Phng trnh tham s ca d':
x 1 4t
y 3 t
z 5t
= +
= +

Trn d' tm im N sao cho MN = 42
V N e d' N(4t +1; 3 +t; 5t)

( ) ( )
2 2
2 2
MN 4t t 5t 42t 42 = + + = =
2
t 1 t 1 = =
- t =1 N
1
(5, 2, 5)
ng thng A
1
qua N
1
nm trong (P), vung gc d' c VTCP
1
P d' a n ,a A
(
=

( ) ( ) 6;9; 3 3 2, 3,1 = = .
Vy phng trnh A
1
:
x 5 y 2 z 5
2 3 1
+ +
= =

- t =1 N
2
(3, 4, 5)
ng thng A
2
qua N
2
nm trong (P), vung gc d' c VTCP
( ) ' d P a , n a
2
= A ( ) 3 2, 3,1 =
Vy phng trnh A
2
:
x 3 y 4 z 5
2 3 1
+ +
= =

Cu IV:
1. Tnh
( )
} }

=
1
0
2
2
1
0
2
dx
4 x
x x
dx
4 x
1 x x
I

( )
2
1 1 1
2 2 2 2 2
0 0 0
d x 4
x 4 1 dx
1 dx 1 4
x 4 x 4 2 x 4 x 2
| |
= + = +
|

\ .
} } }

1
1
2
0
0
1 x 2 3
1 ln x 4 ln 1 ln2 ln3
2 x 2 2
(
(
= + = +
(
+

2. T gi thit a, b > 0 v ab +a +b =3. Suy ra:
ab 3 (a b) = + , (a +1)(b +1) =ab +a +b +1 =4
Bt cho tng ng vi:

2 2
3 3a(a 1) 3b(b 1) 3
a b 1
2 (a 1)(b 1) a b
+ + +
+ + > +
+ + +

Q
P
A
N
M
d
d'
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
201
( ) ( ) 1
b a
3
b a
4
3
b a
4
3
2
3
b a
2 2 2 2
+
+ + + + > + +
( ) ( ) ( ) 4
b a
12
b a 3 b a 3 6 b a 4
2 2 2 2
+
+ + + + > + +
( )
2 2
12
a b 3 a b 10
a b
+ + + >
+
0 (A)
t x = a+b >0
2 2
x (a b) 4ab 4(3 x) = + > =

2
x 4x 12 0 x 6 x 2 + > s v > x 2 > ( v x >0)
2 2 2
x a b 2ab = + +
2 2 2 2
a b x 2(3 x) x 2x 6 + = = +
Theo , (A) tr thnh:

2
12
x x 4 0
x
+ > , vi x> 2.

3 2
x x 4x 12 0 + > , vi x> 2.
( )( )
2
x 2 x x 6 0 + + > , vi x > 2 (hin nhin ng)
Vy bt ng thc cho c chng minh.
Cu Va:
1. Vi mi n e N ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
n
n
n 1 n
n
1 n 1 n 1
n
n 0
n
n
C 1 x C 1 ... x C x C 1 x + + + =

Ly o hm hai v ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
1 n
n
1 n 2 n 1
n
1 n 0
n
1 n
C 1 ... x C 1 n x nC 1 x n

+ + =
Cho x =1 ta c
( ) ( ) ( )
2 1
0 1 2 1
0 1 ... 2 1 1
n n
n n
n n n n
nC n C C C

= + + +
2. Ta c A(2, 1); B(b, 0); C(0,c) vi b, c > 0
Ta c AABC vung ti A 0 AC . AB =
Ta c ( ) 1 , 2 b AB = ; ( ) 1 c , 2 AC =
Do AABC vung ti A ( ) ( ) 0 1 c 2 b 2 AC . AB = =
( )
2
5
b 0 0 5 b 2 c 2 b 2 1 c s s > + = =
Ta li c ( ) ( )
2 2 1 1
. 2 1 4 1
2 2
ABC
S AB AC b c = = + +

( ) ( ) ( ) 1 2 b 2 b 4 4 1 2 b
2
1
S
2 2 2
ABC
+ = + + =

v
2
5
b 0 s s nn SABC =(b 2)
2
+1 ln nht b =0
Khi c = 5. Vy, B(0, 0) v C(0, 5)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
202

Cu Vb:
1. Phng trnh: ( )
2
2
1 2
2
1 1
log 2x 3x 1 log x 1
2 2
+ + > (1)
( ) ( )
2
1
1 x l og
2
1
1 x 3 x 2 l og
2
1
2
2
2
2
> + +
( ) ( )
2
1
1 x l og
2
1
1 x 3 x 2 l og
2
1
2
2
2
2
> + +
( )
( )
2
2
2
x 1 (x 1)
log 1 2
1 (x 1)(2x 1)
2 x 1 x
2

> >
| |

|
\ .
(x 1)
2
(2x 1)
>
3x 1 1 1
0 x
2x 1 3 2
+
> s <

2. Chn h trc Oxyz sao cho A(0; 0; 0); C(-a; 0; 0); B(0; a; 0), A
1
(0; 0; a 2)
Suy ra
a 2
M 0; 0;
2
| |
|
|
\ .
, C
1
(-a; 0; a 2) ,
a a a 2
N - ; ;
2 2 2
| |
|
|
\ .
.
( ) 1
BC a; a; a 2 =
;
a a
MN= - ; ; 0
2 2
| |
|
\ .
;
( ) 1
AA =0; 0; a 2

0 AA . MN BC . MN
1 1
= =
Vy MN l ng vung gc chung ca hai ng thng AA
1
v BC
1

Ta c
1
a 2
MA = 0; 0;
2
| |
|
|
\ .
,
a 2
MB = 0; a; -
2
| |
|
|
\ .
,
1
a 2
MC = -a; 0;
2
| |
|
|
\ .
2
1
a 2
MA , MB = ; 0; 0
2
| |
(
|
|
\ .

| |
2
2 a
MC MB , MA
3
1 1
=
| |
12
2 a
MC MB , MA
6
1
V
3
1 1 BC MA
1 1
= = (vtt).

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
203
S 35

Cu I:
2. Ta c
( )
2
1
y' 0, x 1
x 1
= < =

T th ta thy tip tuyn to vi hai tim cn mt tam gic vung cn ta
phi c h s gc ca tip tuyn l 1 tc l:

( )
( ) 2 x , 0 x 1 1 x 1
1 x
1
2 1
2
2
= = = =

. Ti x
1
=0 y
1
=0 phng trnh tip tuyn l y =x
. Ti x
2
=2 y
2
=2 phng trnh tip tuyn l y =x +4
Cu II:
1. Gii phng trnh: (1 tgx)(1 +sin2x) =1 +tgx (1)
t: t = tgx
2
t 1
t 2
x 2 si n
+
= . Phng trnh (1) tr thnh:

( )
2
2t
1 t 1 1 t
1 t
| |
+ = +
|
+
\ .
( )( )
2
2
1 t t 1 (t 1)(1 t ) + = + +

( )( )
2
t 1 0
1 t t 1 (1 t )
+ =

+ = +
t 1 t 0 = v = .
Do (1) tgx =0 hoc tgx = 1
x =kt hoc x =
4
t
+kt, ke
Cch khc
(1) (cosx sinx)(cosx +sinx)
2
=cosx +sinx
(hin nhin cosx =0 khng l nghim)
cosx +sinx =0 hay (cosx sinx)(cosx +sinx) =1
tgx =-1 hoc cos2x = 1 x =
4
t
+kt hoc x =kt, ke
2. Tm m h sau c nghim duy nht
(I)
=
=
= +
=
x 1 xy
0 m y x 2
1 xy x
0 m y x 2
Vi iu kin: 0 xy > , ta c:
(I) ( )
( )
2
2
y 2x m
y 2x m
1 x
xy 1 x y
x
x 1
x 1
=
=

= =

s
s

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
204
( )
( )
2
2
1 x
2x m x 2 m x 1 0
x
= + = (-)
Hin nhin x =0 khng l nghim ca (-)
2
2
(*) mx x 2x 1
x 2x 1
m (**)
x
= +
+
=

Yu cu bi ton tm m phng trnh (**) c ng 1 nghim tha x s 1.
t:
2
x 2x 1
f(x) ,x 0.
x
+
= = Ta c
2
2
x 1
f '(x) 0, x 0.
x
+
= > =
Bng bin thin:
x - 0 +
f '(x) + +

f(x)
+ 2

- -
Thy ngay yu cu bi ton c tha khi ch khi m > 2.
Cu III:
1. d
1
i qua A(1; 3; 0) c mt vc t ch phng ( ) a = 2; -3; 2

mf(P) c mt vc t php tuyn
P
n =(1; - 2; 2)

mf(Q) cha d
1
v (P) nn mf(Q) i qua A v mf(Q) c mt vc t php tuyn
( )
Q P
n = a,n = - 2; - 2; - 1
(

. Suy ra phng trnh (Q):
2(x 1) 2(y 3) 1(z 0) =0 2x +2y +z 8 =0
2. Phng trnh tham s d
1
:
x 1 2t
y 3 3t
z 2t
= +

v Phng trnh tham s d
2
:
x 5 6t'
y 4t'
z 5 5t'
= +

( )
1
M d M 1+2t; 3 - 3t; 2t e
( )
2
N d N 5 6t',4t', 5 5t' e +
( ) MN = 6t' - 2t +4; 4t' +3t - 3; - 5t' - 2t - 5

Mt phng (P) c mt vc t php tuyn
P
n =(1; - 2; 2)

MN // (P) . 0
P
MN n =

( ) ( ) ( ) 1 6t' 2t 4 2 4t' 3t 3 2 5t' 2t 5 0 t t' + + + = =
Mt khc d(MN, (P)) = d(M, P) v MN // (P), suy ra:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
205

( ) ( )
2
4 4 1
1 t 2 2 t 3 3 2 t 2 1
=
+ +
+ +

6 12t 6 t 1
6 12t 6
6 12t 6 t 0
+ = =
+ =
+ = =

+ t =1 t' =1 M
1
(3; 0; 2) N
1
(1; 4; 0)
+ t =0 t' =0 M
2
(1; 3; 0) N
2
(5; 0; 5)
Cu IV:
1. Tnh
2
2
0
I = x cosxdx
}

t: u = x
2
du =2xdx ; dv =cosxdx v =sinx
Vy I =
t t
t
=
} }
2 2
2 2
2
0
0 0
x cosxdx x si n x 2 x si n xdx
Ta c
t
t
=
2
2
2
0
x si n x
4

I
1
=
2
0
x si n xdx
t
}
; t u = x du =dx
dv =sinxdx v = cosx
I
1
=
t t
t
= +
} }
2 2
2
0
0 0
x si n xdx x cosx cosxdx =| |
2
0
x cosx si n x 1
t
+ =
Vy : I =
2 2
2
0
x cosxdx 2
4
t
t
=
}

Ch : Nu bn thnh tho tch phn tng phn th vit theo cng thc:
2
2
0
I = x cosxdx
}
=
2
2
0
x d(sinx)
}
=
2 2 2
2
2
0
0 0
( sinx) 2 sin 2 ( osx)
4
x x xdx xd c

= +
} }

2. Gii phng trnh
= +
x
x
2
2 1
l og 1 x 2 (1)
x

iu kin
x x 0
2 1 0 2 1 2
x 0
x 0 x 0

> > =
>

= =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
206
(1)
= +
x
x
2
2 1
l og 1 2 x
x
v x >0 = +
x x
2 2
l og (2 1) l og x 1 2 x v x >0
(2
x
1) +log
2
(2
x
1) =x +log
2
x (2)
Xt hm s f(t) = t + log
2
t , t (0; ) e + ,
1
'( ) 1 0, 0
ln2
f t t
t
= + > > .
Suy ra f(t) ng bin trn (0; + ) .
Vi x > 0, ta c 2
x
- 1 >0, ta c:
(2) f(2
x
1) =f(x) 2
x
1 =x 2
x
x - 1 =0 (3)
Xt hm g(x) =2
x
x 1, x (0; ) e + ta c:
g'(x) =2
x
ln2 1, g'(x) =0 = = >
x
2
1
2 l og e 1
l n2

2 2
x l og (l og e) 0 = >
Mt khc
2
''( ) 2 ln 2 0
x
g x = > , x (0; ) e + nn g'(x) ng bin trn
/
2 2
g (x) 0, x log (log e) < < v
/
2 2
g (x) 0, x log (log e) > >
g(x) nghch bin trn ( |
2 2
;log (log e) v ng bin trn | )
2 2
log (log e);+
g(x) 0 = c khng qu mt nghim trn ( |
2 2
;log (log e) , v c khng qu mt
nghim trn | )
2 2
log (log e);+ .
Thy ngay x = 0 v x =1 tho (3).
Nhng x > 0 nn (1) x =1.
Cu Va:
1. Gi n =
1 2 3 4
aa a a l s cn tm. V n chn a
4
chn.
* TH1 : a
4
=0 Ta c 1 cch chn a
4

6 cch chn a
1

5 cch chn a
2

4 cch chn a
3

Vy ta c 1.6.5.4 = 120 s n
* TH2: a
4
= 0. Ta c 3 cch chn a
4
;

5 cch chn a
1
; 5 cch chn a
2
; 4 cch
chn a
4
.
Vy ta c 3.5.5.4 = 300 s n .
Tng cng hai trng hp ta c : 120 + 300 = 420 s n
2. Ta giao im P ca d
1
, d
2
l nghim ca h phng trnh

(m 1)x (m 2)y m 2
(2 m)x (m 1)y 3m 5
+ =
+ = +

Ta c
2
2
m 1 m 2
3 1
D 2m 6m 5 2 m 0 m
2 m m 1 2 2

| |
= = + = + >
|

\ .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
207
V
2
3 1
D 2 m 0 m
2 2
| |
= + >
|
\ .
nn d
1
, d
2
lun lun ct nhau.
Ta d thy A(0,1) e d
1
; B(2,1) e d
2
v d
1
d
2

A APB vung ti P P nm trn ng trn ng knh AB.
Ta c (PA +PB)
2
s 2(PA
2
+PB
2
) =2AB
2
=2
2
(2 2) 16 =
PA +PB s 4. Du "=" xy ra PA =PB P l trung im ca cung
AB
Vy max (PA + PB) = 4 khi P l trung im ca cung
AB
P nm trn ng thng y = x 1 qua trung im I (1; 0) ca AB
v IP = 2 P (2; 1 ) hay P (0; - 1)
Vy, m = 1 hoc m = 2.
Cu Vb:
1. Gii phng trnh : 2
3x+1
7.2
2x
+7.2
x
2 =0 2.2
3x
7.2
2x
+7.2
x
2 =0
t t = 2
x
>0 th (1) thnh
2t
3
7t
2
+7t 2 =0 (t 1)(2t
2
5t +2) =0 t =1 hay t =2 hay t =
1
2

Do pt cho tng ng:
= = =
x x x
1
2 1 hay 2 2 hay 2
2
x =0 hay x =1 hay x =1
2. Chn h trc Oxyz sao cho A(0 ; 0; 0); A
1
(0; 0; a); C (- a ; 0 ; 0 )
B
| |
|
|
\ .
a a 3
, , 0
2 2
; B
1
| |
|
|
\ .
a a 3
; ; a
2 2
;
| |
|
\ .
a
M 0; 0;
2

| | | |
= =
| |
| |
\ . \ .

1
a a 3 a a a 3
BM ; ; ; CB ; ; a
2 2 2 2 2

= + =

2 2 2
1
a 3a a
BM .CB 0
4 4 2
BM B
1
C
Ta c
1
B.B (0, 0,a) =

= =

1 1
1
1
[ BM .B C] .BB
a 30
d( BM , B C)
10
[ BM .B C]

Cch 2.
Gi N l trung im AB, I l giao im ca
MB v NB
1
, J l giao im ca BC
1
v CB
1
.
rng hai y l hai tam gic u bng
nhau cn cc mt bn l cc hnh vung bng
nhau.
Ta c
1
MB NB CN AB CN MB
Suy ra
1 1
( ) MB mf BCN MB BC .
C
1

C
B
A
M
B
1

A
1

J
I
N
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
208
S 36

Cu I.

Vi m =-1 hm s tr thnh y =x
3
3x
2
+1
1
0
. Tp xc nh:
2
0
. S bin thin :
* Gii hn:
lim
x
y
+
= + ; lim
x
y
=
* Lp bng bin thin:
y =
2
3 6 x x
0
' 0
2
x
y
x
=
=

=

Bng bin thin
x - 0 2 +
y + 0 - 0 +
y 1 +

- -3
3
0
. th
Giao Oy: (0,1).
f(x)=x^3-3x^2+1
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-8
-6
-4
-2
2
4
6
8
x
y

2. Gi M l im thuc th hm s (1) c honh x =-1, suy ra M(-1; 2m-1)
Ta c y =3x
2
+6mx +(m+1); y(-1) =4 5m. Tip tuyn d ca th hm s
cho ti M(-1; 2m - 1) c phng trnh l: y =(4 - 5m)( x +1) +(2m - 1)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
209
Tip tuyn d i qua A(1; 2) khi v ch khi 2 =
5
(4 5 )2 2 1
8
m m m + =

Cu II.
1. Gii phng trnh:
iu kin: sin x. cos x 0. Phng trnh cho tng ng vi:
tgx cotgx =4cos
2
2x
2 2
sinx osx 2 os2x
4 os 2 4 os 2 0
cosx sinx sin2x
c c
c x c x = + =

1
os2x 2 os2x 0 os2x(1+sin4x)=0
sin2x
c c c
| |
+ =
|
\ .

-
cos2x=0
4 2
x k

= +

-

sin4x =-1
8 2
x k

= +
So vi iu kin suy ra nghim ca phng trnh cho l:

4 2
x k

= + v
8 2
x k

= +
2. Gii phng trnh :
2
(2x - 1)
2x +1 + 3 - 2x =
2

iu kin x
1 3
;
2 2
(
(

Ta c :
2
( 2 1 3 2 ) 4 2 2 1 3 2 x x x x + + = + + 4 > 2 1 3 2 2 x x + + > (1)
Mt khc ( )
( )
2
2
2 1
2 2 1 2 0 2 1 4 0 2
2
x
x x

s s s s s s (2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra phng trnh tng ng vi:

2
1
2 1 3 2 2
2
3
(2 1) 4
2
x
x x
x
x
=

+ + =

So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh l:

1
2
3
2
x
x

Cu III. 1. Chng minh d
1
v d
2
ct nhau: Gii h phng trnh:

3 3 3
2 2 1
5 6 6 13 0
6 6 7 0
x y z
x y z
x y z

= =
+ =
+ =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
210
ta c x = y = 1, z = 2. suy ra d
1
v d
2
ct nhau ti I (1; 1; 2).
2. Tm to cc im A, B:
Vc t ch phng ca d
1
l 1 (2;2;1) u =

Ta c
2
' u
= ( )
6 -6 6 5 5 -6
; ; ; 72; 36; 24
6 6 6 1 1 -6
| |
=
|

\ .
. Suy ra
2
(6;3;2) u =
cng
phng vi
2
' u
l vc t ch phng ca d
2
.
Gi l gc gia d
1
v d
2
ta c cos
1 2
1 2
.
20 41
sin
21 21
u u
u u
= = =

Ta c
41
42
=S
IAB A
=
2 2
1 41
sin 1
2 42
IA IA IA IB = = =
V A thuc d
1
nn to ca A(1+2t; 1+2t; 2+t) IA =3t =1
1
3
t =
5 5 7
; ;
3 3 3
A
| |
|
\ .
hoc
1 1 5
; ;
3 3 3
A
| |
|
\ .
v B thuc d
2
nn to ca B (1+6k; 1+3k; 2+2k)
7 IB k = =1
1
7
t =
13 10 16
; ;
7 7 7
B
| |
|
\ .
hoc
1 4 12
; ;
7 7 7
B
| |
|
\ .
.
Cu IV.
1. Tnh tch phn
3
3
1
2
2 2
xdx
I
x
=
+
}

t t =
3
2 2 x +
3 2
2 3 1
; 1; 3 2
2 2 2
t t dt
x dx x t x t
= = = = = =
suy ra I =
3 2
2 2 2 5
4 2 2
1
1 1 1
2 3
.
3 3
2 2
( 2)
4 4 5
t t dt
t
t t dt t
t
| |
= =
|
\ .
} } }
=
12
5

2. Gii phng trnh:
iu kin cos x 0 = . D thy sinx = 0 khng tho mn phng trnh .
Phng trnh cho tng ng vi
2 2
si nx cosx
2 (si nx - cosx )
2 2
2
si nx e e
e = =
cosx si nx cosx
(1)
Xt hm s f(t) =
2
t
2
e
t
, vi t [ 1;0) (0;1] e
f (t) =
( )
2
t
2
2
t
2
2 2
2
t - 1 e
2t - 2 e
2
= <0
t 2t
| |
|
\ .
.
Suy ra hm s nghch bin trn cc khong [ 1;0),(0;1]
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
211
T (1) suy ra sinx, cosx cng du. Suy ra u, v cng thuc na khong [-1; 0)
hoc cng thuc na khong (0; 1].
(1) f(sinx) =f(cosx) sinx =cosx tgx =1
4
x k
= +
So vi iu kin ta c nghim ca phng trnh cho l :

4
x k
= + vi k e .
PHN RING.

Cu V.a. Theo chng trnh khng phn ban
1. S t nhin chn gm 4 ch s khc nhau ca E c dng: abcd , trong
a = 0, d e{0, 2, 4}.
Xt d =0. Khi cc s c 3 ch s
abc
bng A
3
6

=120 .

Xt d =2 (hoc d =4), khi a c 5 cch chn, ng vi mi cch chn a ta c 5
cch chn b, ng vi mi cch chn hai ch s a, b ta c 4 cch chn ch s c.
Suy ra, khi d =2, c tt c 5.5.4 =100 s.
Tng t cho d = 4.
Vy s tt c cc s l: 120 +100.2 =320
2. Gi d
1
, d
2
ln lt l ng cao k t nh B v ng phn gic trong ca
gc A, M(a; b) l im i xng ca M qua d
2
v I l trung im ca MM.
Ta c ' MM

= (a; b -2) Vect ch phng ca d
2
l u
=(1; 1) H :

2
2 0
1 ' 0
2
1 1 0
2 2
a b
a MM u
a b
b I d
+ =
= =

+
= + = e

Khi M(1; 1) thuc ng thng AC. Mt khc vect ch phng v
4; 3
ca ng cao d
1
chnh l vect php tuyn ca ng thng AC. Do phng
trnh ng thng AC l 4(x - 1) 3(y - 1) =0 4x 3y 1 =0.
Ta A =
2
d AC xc nh bi h:

3
3 4 10 0
1
3 4 8 0
4
x
x y
x y y
=
+ + =

+ = =

Vy B(-3;-
1
)
4
. ng thng AC: 4x - 3y - 1= 0; do C
4 1
;
3
c
c
| |
|
\ .

MC =
2 1
2
2
(1;1)
1
4 1
2 2 2
31 33 31
; 3
25 25 25
C
c
c
c
C c
=
| |

+ =
| | |

=
\ .
|
\ .

ta thy
1
AC v
2
AC cng chiu.
Kt lun A(4;5), B
1 31 33
3; , ;
4 25 25
C
| | | |

| |
\ . \ .

Cu V.b.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
212
1 2
2
2x +3
log log 0
x +1
| |
>
|
\ .

Bpt cho tng ng vi:
0 <
2
2 3 2 3
log 1 1 2
1 1
x x
x x
+ +
s < s
+ +
2
2 3
2 1 0
1 1
2 3
1
2 0
0
1
1
x
x
x
x x
x
x
x
< +
< >

> +

+

s
s
+
+

Suy ra, nghim ca bpt l x <-2.
2. IJ //SE ( ) ( ) IJ ABC IJ EHI
1
.
3
EHIJ
V IJ dt EHI = A
v SE ( ) , ABC SE MC SH MC MC EH
EC=
2 2 2 2
4 5 BE BC a a a + = + =

ECsin =a 5sin EH =
HC=EC os =a 5 os c c .
Gi K l hnh chiu ca H trn EC,

2
. 5 sin .cos 5sin2
2 5
HE HC a a
HK
EC a

= = =
EI=
2
1 5 1 5
. sin2
2 2 2 8
a
EC dt EHI HK EI a = A = =
2
3
1 1 5 5
. . sin2 sin2
3 3 8 24
EHIJ
a
V IJ dt EHI a a = A = =
3
5
24
EHIJ
a
V s
Du = xy ra khi sin 2 1 45
o
= =

H
J
I
C
B
A
S
K
M
E
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
213
S 37

Cu I. Hm s y = x
4
- 8x
2
+7 (1)
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th hm s.
- Tp xc nh: R
- S bin thin ca hm s.
+Gii hn ca hm s ti v cc.
lim
x
y =+ v lim
x+
y =+
+Bng bin thin.
Ta c: y' =4x
3
- 16x =4x(x
2
- 4)
y' =0 x =0 hoc x = 2 hoc x = -2.

x - -2 0 2 +
y' - + - +
+ 7 +
y
-9 -9

Hm s nghch bin trn mi khong (- ; -2) v (0 ; 2).
Hm s ng bin trn mi khong (-2 ; 0) v (2 ; +).
Hm s t cc i ti x = 0, y
C
=y(0) =7.
Hm s t cc tiu ti x = 2 , y
CT
= y( 2) =-9.
- th.
+ im un: y'' = 12x
2
- 16; y'' =0 x
1
=
2
3
v x
2
= -
2
3
.
y' i du khi qua x
1
, x
2
nn im un l: U
1
2 17
;
9 3
| |
|
\ .
; U
2
2 17
;
9 3
| |

|
\ .

+ Giao im ca th vi trc tung l im (0 ; 7).
Ta c y =0 x = 1 hoc x = 7.
Vy th ct trc honh ti 4 im (1;0) ; (-1;0) ; ( 7;0) v (- 7;0).
2. ng thng y = mx - 9 tip xc vi th hm s (1) khi v ch khi h
phng trnh
4 2
3
8 7 9(2)
4x 16 (3)
x x mx
x m
+ =
c nghim.
Thay (3) vo (2), rt gn, ta c: 3x
4
- 8x
2
- 16 =0 x = 2.
x =2 m =0 x =-2 m =0
Vy ch c 1 gi tr m = 0 duy nht ng thng y = mx - 9 tip xc vi th
hm s (1).
Cu II.
1. iu kin: x e R.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
214
2
sin(2 ) sin( )
4 4 2
x x

= + sin(2 ) sin sin( )
4 4 4
x x

=
2sin( )cos sin( )
4 4
x x x

=
sin( )(2cos 1) 0
4
x x
=
sin( ) 0
4
(2cos 1) 0
x
x

=

4
2
3
x k
x k
= +
4
2
3
x k
x k
= +
= +

2. iu kin: 1 1 x < <

2
2
1 3
1
1
1
x
x
x
+ >

2
2
2
3
2 0
1
1
x x
x
x
+ >

(1)
t
2
1
x
t
x
=
, ta c
2
( )
1
x
t f x
x
= =
;
2 3
1
'( ) 0, ( 1;1)
(1 )
f x x
x
= > e
.
Do teR.
(1) vit thnh: t
2
- 3t +2 >0
2
1
t
t
>
<

t >2:
2
2
1
x
x
>

2 2
4(1 )
1 1
x x
x
>
< <

2
4
5
1 1
x
x
>
< <

2
1
5
2
1
5
x
x
< <
< <

t <1:
2
1
1
x
x
<

2
1
1 1
x x
x
<
< <

2 2
1 0
1
0 1
x
x x
x
< <
<
s <

1 0
1 1
2 2
0 1
x
x
x
< <
< <
s <

1 0
1
0
2
x
x
< <
s <

1
1
2
x < <
Kt hp 2 trng hp, x c gi tr thuc cc khong (-1;
1
2
) v (
2
5
;1).
Cch 2. iu kin: 1 1 x < <

2 2
2
2
1 3
1 2 3 1
1
1
x
x x x
x
x
+ > >

(1)
i) 1 0 x < s : Tha (1).
ii) 0 <x <1:
( ) ( )
2
2 2 2 4 2 2 4 4 2
(1) 2 9 1 4 4 9 9 10 13 4 0

x x x x x x x x x > + > + >

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
215
2
2
1 1
1
2 2 2
4 2 2
5 5 5
x
x
x x x
< <
<

> < v >

Nhng 0 < x < 1 nn
1
0
2
2
1
5
x
x
< <
< <

Vy, nghim ca bt phng trnh cho l cc khong (-1;
1
2
) v (
2
5
;1).
Cu III.
1. Phng trnh mt cu c dng x
2
+y
2
+z
2
+2ax +2by +2cz +d =0 (a
2
+b
2

+c
2
>d)
Tm I(-a;-b;-c) thuc mt phng (P) nn: -2a -3b +3c +1 =0 (1)
Mt cu i qua A nn: 16 +9 +8a +6c +d =0 (2)
Mt cu i qua B nn: 1 +1 +9 -2a - 2b +6c +d =0 (3)
Mt cu i qua C nn: 9 +4 +36 +6a +4b +12c +d =0 (4)
T (1); (2); (3); (4) ta c h phng trnh
-2a -3b +3c +1 =0
16 +9 +8a +6c +d =0
1 +1 +9 -2a - 2b +6c +d =0
9 +4 +36 +6a +4b +12c +d =0

Gii h, ta c:
1
2
3
1
a
b
c
d
=
.
Tha mn iu kin, vy phng trnh mt cu cn tm l: x
2
+y
2
+z
2
- 2x - 4y -
6z +1 =0.
2. ng thng d:
3 5
2 9 1
x y z +
= =
x =3 y =0 ; z =-5
x =5 y =9 ; z =-4
im M(3; 0; - 5) v N(5; 9; - 4) thuc ng thng d, suy ra M, N thuc mt
phng (Q).
Ta c mt phng (Q) ct mt cu (S) theo ng trn c bn knh ln nht khi v
ch khi (Q) i qua tm mt cu (S), tc (Q) qua I(1;2;3).
IM
=(2;-2;-8) ; IN
=(4;7;-7) l cp ch phng ca mt phng (Q).

Vc t php tuyn ca mt phng (Q): n
= ; IM IN
(

=(70;-18;22).
Phng trnh mt phng (Q) l: 70(x - 1) - 18(y - 2) +22(z - 3) =0 hay 35x - 9y
+11z - 50 =0.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
216

Cu IV.
1. Tnh tch phn:
2
0
sin2
3 4sin cos2
xdx
I
x x
=
+
}
=
2 2
2 2
0 0
sin cos sin (sin )
1 2sin sin 1 2sin sin
x xdx xd x
x x x x

=
+ + + +
} }

t sinx = t . x =
2
t =1 ; x =0 t =0.
1
1 1 1 1
1
2 2
0
0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1
ln 1 ln2
1 2 ( 1) 1 1 1 2 2
tdt tdt t dt
I td t
t t t t t t
| |
= = = = + = + + = +
|
+ + + + + +
\ .
} } } }

Cch 2.
1
1 1 1 1
2 2 2
0 0 0 0 0
1 1 1 1
ln 1 ln2
1 2 ( 1) 1 ( 1) 1 2
tdt t dt dt dt
I t
t t t t t t
+ | |
= = = = + + = +
|
+ + + + + +
\ .
} } } }

2. Phng trnh: 4
x
(4x
2
+ 1) = 1 (1). t f(x) = 4
x
(4x
2
+1) - 1.
Ta thy x = 0 v x =-
1
2
l nghim v f(0) =f(-
1
2
) =0.

2 2
'( ) 4 ln4.(4 1) 8 .4 4 (4 ln4 8 ln4)
x x x
f x x x x x = + + = + +
Nhn xt 4
x
> 0. t
2
4 ln4 8 ln4 x x + + =g(x).

2
' 16 4ln 4 0 A = > , nn g(x) c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
; m x
1
x
2
=
1
4
>0 v x
1
+x
2
=
2
ln4
<0 nn x
1
<0; x
2
<0.
Do f '(x) c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
; x
2
<0:
f '(x) >0 vi mi x < x
1
hoc x > x
2
; f '(x) <0 vi mi x
1
<x <x
2
.
Ta c f(-
1
2
) =f(0) nn xy ra 2 trng hp.
TH1: -
1
2
<x
1
<x
2
<0
Khi : 0 = f(-
1
2
) <f(x
1
) ; f(x
2
) <f(0) =0. Vy tn ti ae(x
1;
x
2
) sao cho f(a) =0,
a l duy nht v f(x) nghch bin trn (x
1
; x
2
).
TH2: x
1
<-
1
2
<x
2
<0
f(x
1
) >f(-
1
2
) = 0, m f(x) ng bin trn (; x
1
) nn tn ti ae(; x
1
) sao cho
f(a) =0, a cng l duy nht.
Tm li, phng trnh (1) c ng 3 nghim thc phn bit.
Cch 2. Phng trnh: 4
x
(4x
2
+1) =1 (1).
Xt hm s f(x) = 4
x
(4x
2
+1) - 1.
TX: R
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
217

2 2
'( ) 4 ln4.(4 1) 8 .4 4 (4 ln4 8 ln4)
x x x
f x x x x x = + + = + +
Nhn xt 4
x
> 0. t
2
4 ln4 8 ln4 x x + + =g(x).

2
' 16 4ln 4 0 A = > , nn g(x) c 2 nghim phn bit x
1
, x
2
;
f '(x) >0 vi mi x < x
1
hoc x > x
2
; f '(x) <0 vi mi x
1
<x <x
2
.
Do phng trnh f(x) =0 c nhiu lm l 3 nghim thc phn bit.
Mt khc, f(0) = f(-
1
2
) =0, f(- 3).f(-2) < 0. Suy ra pcm.
Cu V.a.
1.
3 2
! 2 !
2 ( 1)( 2) 2 ( 1) 100
( 3)! ( 2)!
n n
n n
A A n n n n n
n n
+ = + = + =

3 2
100 0 5 n n n = = (do neN)
Ta c:
2
2
2
0
(1 3 ) (3 )
n
n k k
n
k
x C x
=
+ =

S hng cha x
5
ng vi k = 5, v n =5.
H s ca x
5
l :
5 5
10
.3 61236 C = .
2. ng trn (C): x
2
+y
2
=1 c tm l gc ta O, bn knh R = 1.
Trong mt phng ta Oxy, ly 1 im M sao cho gc gia 2 tip tuyn k t M
ti ng trn tm O l 60
o
, ta c OM =2. Vy M thuc ng trn tm O bn
knh bng 2.
S im M nm trn ng thng y = m m t k c n ng trn (C)
hai tip tuyn to vi nhau gc 60
o
l s giao im ca ng trn (O;2) v ng
thng y = m.
m <-2: C 0 giao im.
m = 2: C 1 giao im.
- 2 < m < 2: C 2 giao im.
m = 2: C 1 giao im.
m > 2: C 0 giao im.
Vy c gi tr ca m tha mn bi ra l: -2 <m <2.
Cu V.b.
1. iu kin:
2
3
0 0 0
2
6 6 2
9 0 9
3
3
1
log 0 1 1
x x x
x
x x x
x x
x
x x x
> > >

>

> > >

=
= = =

Bin i ta c:
3 4 2
2 2
6 2 2
3 log 3 log (9 ) log (3 ) 3 3 3 2 0
( 1)( 2) 0
x x x
x x x x x x
x x x
x x
+ = = = + =
=
1
2
x
x
=

Kt hp vi iu kin, ch c gi tr
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
218
x = 2 l tha mn.
Nghim ca phng trnh l x = 2.
2. Chng minh SI AD
Gi giao im ca MN v AE l K.
Trong mt phng SAD, k SK ct AD ti I.
V SK thuc mp(SMN) nn, I l giao ca
(SMN) v AD.
Ta c SA = SB = SC = a v chng i mt
vung gc nn, cc tam gic SAC, SAB,
SBC l cc tam gic vung cn ti S, cnh
bng a. Suy ra: SM = SN = SE =
2
2
a
;
AB =AC =BC =a 2, do tam gic ABC u.
MN l ng trung bnh ca tam gic ABC nn MN =
AB
2
=
2
2
a
. Suy ra MN =
SN =SM =
2
2
a
nn tam gic SMN u.
Tam gic ABC u, E trung im BC nn K trung im MN. Suy ra SKMN, m
SK c(ASD) MN(ASD)MNAD(1)
SB SC
SB SA

)
( ) SB SAC , m DC // SB nn DC(SAC)DCSN, kt hp vi
SNAC, ta c SN (ADC)SNAD(2)
T (1) v (2), suy ra: AD(SMN), m SI c(SMN)ADSI (pcm).
Tnh th tch khi t din MBSI
SD =2SE =a 2
Tam gic SAD vung ti S: AD =
2 2
SA SD + =a 3.
C SI l ng cao nn:
2
. SA AI AD = AI =
2 2
3 3
SA a a
AD a
= =
1
3
AI
AD
= .
Ta c:
1 1 1
.
2 3 6
ASMI
ASBD
V AM AI
V AB AD
= = =
ASMI
V =
1
6
ASBD
V ;
1
3
ASBI
ASBD
V AI
V AD
= =
1
3
ASIB ASBD
V V =
1
3
AMBI ASBI ASMI ASBD
V V V V = =
Tnh
ASBD
V :
2
2
SBD SBC
a
S S = = ;
2 3
1 1
. .
3 3 2 6
ASBD SBD
a a
V S AS a = = =
V
AMBI
=
3
18
a
.

E
K
I
M
N
C
D
B
A
S
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
219
S 38

Cu I.
1. Khi m =0 ta c hm s:
3 2
3 1 y x x =
1
0
TX: D =
2
0
S bin thin:

3 2
3 2
lim lim(3 3 1)
lim lim(3 3 1)
x x
x x
y x x
y x x
+ +

= = +
= =

th khng c tim cn.

2
' 3 6 3 ( 2)
0
' 0
2
y x x x x
x
y
x
= =
=
=

=

Bng bin thin:

Hm s ng bin trn mi khong ( ;0) v, nghch bin trn khong (2;0)
1 0
5 2
CT CT
CD CD
y x
y x
= =
= =

3
0
th:
'' 6 6; '' 0 1 y x y x = = =
im un I(1;-3)
th ct trc tung
ti im c honh (0;1) v
i qua cc im c to (-1;-5) v(3;-1)
Ta c th

2. Ta c:
3 2
3 3 ( 2) 1 y x x m m x = + (1)

2
' 6 3 ( 2) y x x m m = +
x 0 2 +
' y + 0 - 0 +

y
-1 +
-5
f(x)=x^3-3x^2-1
-8 -6 -4 -2 2 4 6
-8
-6
-4
-2
2
4
6
8
f(x)
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
220
Hm s (1) c hai cc tr phng trnh ' 0 y = c hai nghim
1 2
, x x phn
bit
2
' 9 9 ( 2) 9( 1) 0 1(*) m m m m A = + + = + > =
Gi
1 2
, x x l honh hai im cc tr.

3 2 3 2
1 2
2 3 1; 2 9 12 5 y m m y m m m = + =
1 2
, y y cng du
1 2
0 y y >
3 2
3 2
3 2
3 2
1
2
2 3 1 0
5
2 9 12 5 0
5 1 2
(**)
2 2 1
2 3 1 0
2
2 9 12 5 0
5
2
m
m m
m
m m m
m
m m
m
m m m
m
>
+ >

<
>
< <
+ <

<

<

>

Kt hp (*) v (**) ta c :
Hm s (1) c hai im cc tr cng du
5 1
2 2
1
m
m
< <

Cch 2. Ta c:
3 2
3 3 ( 2) 1 y x x m m x = + (1)

2
' 6 3 ( 2) y x x m m = +
Hm s (1) c hai cc tr phng trnh ' 0 y = c hai nghim
1 2
, x x phn
bit
2
' 9 9 ( 2) 9( 1) 0 1(*) m m m m A = + + = + > =
Gi
1 2
, x x l honh hai im cc tr.

3 2 3 2
1 2
2 3 1; 2 9 12 5 y m m y m m m = + =
1 2
, y y cng du
1 2
0 y y >
3 2 3 2
(2 3 1)( 2 9 12 5) 0 m m m m m + >

Cu II.
1.
1
2sin( ) sin(2 )
3 6 2
x x

+ =

2
2
3 1 1
sin 3cos sin2 cos2
2 2 2
1 1
sin 3cos 3sin cos (1 2sin )
2 2
(sin sin ) ( 3cos 3sin cos ) 0
x x x x
x x x x x
x x x x x
+ + =
+ + =
+ =

(1 sin )(sin 3cos ) 0
1 sin 0 (1)
sin 3cos 0 (2)
x x x
x
x x
+ =
=

+ =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
221
(1) sin 1 2
2
(2) sin( ) 0
3 3
x x k
x x k
= = +
+ = =

Vy phng trnh cho c nghim 2
2
x k
= + ;
3
x k

= ( ) k e
2. 10 1 3 5 9 4 2 2 x x x x + + = + + + (1)
iu kin:
10 1 0
3 5 0
9 4 0
2 2 0
x
x
x
x
+ >
>
+ >
>

5
3
x >
Vi
5
3
x > ta c :
10 1 3 5
9 4 2 2
x x
x x
+ >
+ >

Nhn c hai v ca (1) vi ( 10 1 3 5)( 9 4 2 2) x x x x + ta c:
(7 6)( 9 4 2 2) (7 6)( 10 1 3 5) x x x x x x + + = + +

2 2
2
9 4 2 2 10 1 3 5
7 6 (9 4)(2 2) 7 6 (10 1)(3 5)
(9 4)(2 2) (10 1)(3 5)
18 10 8 30 47 5
12 37 3 0
1
12
3
x x x x
x x x x x x
x x x x
x x x x
x x
x
x
+ = +
+ + = + +
+ = +
=
+ =

Kt hp iu kin, ta c: 3 x =
Th li thy 3 x = tho (1)
Vy 3 x = l nghim ca phng trnh cho.
Cch 2. iu kin:
10 1 0
3 5 0
9 4 0
2 2 0
x
x
x
x
+ >
>
+ >
>

5
3
x >
(1) 10 1 2 2 9 4 3 5 x x x x + + = +
Bnh phng hai v ta c:
2
6
(1) (10 1)(2 2) (9 4)(3 5) 7 15 18 0 3,
7
x x x x x x x x + = + = = = .
Suy ra: x =3.
Cu III.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
222
1. (1,3, 1) AB =

2
d c
2
(1;3; 1) a =
l vect ch phng v
2
d qua (5;4;3) A
1
d c phng trnh :
5 4 3
1 3 1
x y z
= =

Mt khc,
1
d c vect ch phng
1
(2;9;1) a =
nn ta xt h to bi
(
1
d ),(
2
d ),c
3 5
2 9 1
5 4 3
1 3 1
x y z
x y z
+
= =
= =

h v nghim.
Ta c:
1
a
v
2
a
khng cng phng nn (

1
d ) v (
2
d ) cho nhau.
2. Gi to ca im C l: ( ; ; ) C x y z

( )
2 2 2
2
2 2
2 2 2
1
( ) ,
2
3 1 1 1 1 3
1
4 3 3 5 5 4 2
1
(3 9 4) (5 3) 4 3 5
2
1
10 2 10 82 4 68 6 2 6 354 (1)
2
dt ABC AB AC
y z z x x y
z y x z y x
x y z x y z yz xz xy
(
=

= + +

= + + + + (

= + + + + +

1
9
( 3)
3 5
2
(*)
3 2 9 1
5
2
y x
x y z
C d
x
z
+
e = =

Thay (*) vo (1) ta c:

2
2
2
2
1 81 4327 1 9 295 2 295.2 4327
( ) 590
2 2 2 2 9 81 2 2
1 4327 295.2
2 2 81
9 295 2 590 347 463
( )min 0 ;
9 81 18 162 2
x
dt ABC x x
x
dt ABC x y z
| |
= + > +
|
|
\ .
>
= = = =

Vy A(5;4;3) ; B(6;7;2); C(
590 347 463
; ;
81 18 162
) th din tch tam gic ABC t
gi tr nh nht
Cu IV.
1. t
2
3
4 1 1
4
u
u x x
+
= + + =
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
223

2 2 2 2
3
0 0
2
2 4 1
2
3 3 1 1 13
( 3 )
0 4 2 8 8 3 12
udu
du dx dx
x
u udu u
I du u u
u
= =
+
+ +
= = = + =
} }

2. Ta c:
2
( )
3 12
yz y z
x y z
x x
+
+ + = s (1)
t y z m + = ( vi 0 m > )
Ta c: (1)
2
12
m
x m
x
+ s

2 2
12 12 0 x mx m + s

2 2 2
' 36 12 48
' 4 3
6 4 3 6 4 3
12 12
2 3 3 2 3 3
( )
6 6
m m m
m
m m m m
x
x m y z
A = + =
A =
+
s s

s = +

Cch 2.
2
2 2 2 2
( )
12 12 ( ) ( ) ( ) 12 ( ) 12 0
3 12
yz y z
x y z x x y z y z y z x y z x
x x
+
+ + = s + + s + + + >

1 2 3 3
(6 4 3)
6 6 4 3
x
y z x
y z
+ > + s =
+ +
.
Cch 3.
2
2
( ) 2 3 3
12 12 1 0
3 12 6
yz y z x x x
x y z
x x y z y z y z
| | +
+ + = s + s s
|
+ + +
\ .

Cu Va. Theo chng trnh khng phn ban
1. S nguyn n tho mn :
3 3
35
( 1)( 2)
n n
A C
n n
+
=

(vi 3 n > )
Ta c:
3 3
35
( 1)( 2)
n n
A C
n n
+
=

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
224

3
3 3
1
(1 )
3! 3!
35 35
( 1)( 2) ( 1)( 2)
7
!
6
35
( 3)!( 1)( 2)
n
n n
A
A A
n n n n
n
n n n
+ +
= =

=

7
35 30
6
n n = = (tho mn iu kin)
Vi n =30 ta c:

2 2 2 3 2
2 3 ... ( 1)
n n
n n n
S C C n C = + +
Ta c:
0 1 2 2
(1 ) ... ( 1)
n n n n
n n n n
x C C x C x C x = + + +
Ly o hm hai v ta c:
1 1 2 3 2 1
(1 ) 3 ... ( 1)
n n n n
n n n n
n x C C C x nC x

= + + + (1)
Trong (1) cho 1 x = ta c:
1 2 3
0 2 3 ... ( 1)
n n
n n n n
C C C nC = + + + (2)
Ly o hm hai v ca (1) ta c:

2 1 2 2
( 1)(1 ) 2 3.3 ... ( 1) ( 1)
n n n n
n n n
n n x C C x n n C x

= + + (3)
Trong (3) cho 1 x = ta c:
1 2
0 2 3.2 ... ( 1) ( 1)
n n
n n n
C C n n C = + + (4)
Ly (2) cng (4) v theo v ta c:
| |
1 2 3
0 (2 2.1) (3 3.2) ... ( 1) ( 1)
n n
n n n n
C C C n n n C = + + + + + +

1 2 3
0 2 3 ... ( 1)
n n
n n n n
C C C nC = + + +

2 2 2 3 2
2 3 ... ( 1)
n n
n n n
S C C n C = + +
1
n
C =
Vi
1
30
30 30 n S C = = =
2. Gi to cc im A v B trong mt phng Oxy ln lt l( ; )
A A
x y v
( ; )
B B
x y .
Theo bi ra,
2 2
5 ( ) ( ) 5
A B A B
AB x x y y = + = (1)
ng thng AB c phng trnh: 2 3 0 x y + =

2 3 0 (*)
2 3 0
A A
B B
x y
x y
+ =

+ =
( ) 2( ) 0
A B A B
x x y y + = (2)
G l trng tm ca tam gic ABC ( ; )
3 3
A B C A B C
x x x y y y
G
+ + + +

M Ge ng thng 2 0 x y + =
1 1
2 0
3 3
A B A B
x x y y + +
+ =
( ) ( ) 8 0
A B A B
x x y y + + + = (3)
T (1),(2),(3) ta c h (I)
2 2
( ) ( ) 5 (1)
( ) 2( ) 0 (2)
8 (3)
A B A B
A B A B
A B C
x x y y
x x y y
x x y
+ =
+ + + =
+ + =

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
225
(2) 2( )
A B A B
x x y y = Th vo (1) ta c

2 2 2
4( ) ( ) 5 5( ) 5
2 1 1
1 1 2
B
A B A B A B
A A B A B A B
A B A B A B A B
y y y y y y
x x y y y y x x
y y y y x x x x
+ = =
= = + =

= + = =

1
8 2( ) 7
( ) (**)
2( ) 9 1
8
A B A B
A B A B A A
A A A B A B
A B A B
y y x x
x x y y x y
I
x y y y x x
x x y y
+ =

+ + + = + =
+ = + =

+ + + =

(*) kt hp vi (**) ta c h:

7 4 6
2
1 3
2 3
2 2
9 6 4
2
3 1
2 3
2 2
A B
A A
A B
A A
A A
A A
A A
A A
x x
x y
y y
x y
x x
x y
y y
x y
= =
+ =

= =

+ =

= =

+ =

= =

+ =

Vy
1 3
(4; ) ; (6; )
2 2
3 1
(6; ) ; (4; )
2 2
A B
A B

CuVb. Theo chg trnh khng phn ban
1. iu kin: 0 x >

2 1
2
2log 2 2 log 9 1 1 x x + + =

2 2
2(1 log ) 2 log 9 2 x x + + =

2 2 2
2 2log 2 log 9 log 2 x x x + + =

2 2
log log 9 2 x =

2 2 2
log log 9 log 4 x =

2 2
9 9
log log
4 4
x x = =
Vy phng trnh c nghim duy nht
9
4
x =
2.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
226

*) Ta c:
2 2 3
.
1 1 1 3
. ( ) . . 3.
3 3 3 3
S ABCD
V SAdt ABCD SA AD a a a = = = =
*) Ly E CD e sao cho ( ; ) ( ; ) CD CE SA SB SB BE = Z = Z =
Ta c, t gic ABECl hnh bnh hnh 2 AC BE a = =
Xt AEC A c :

2 2
135 2 2 2 cos135 5
o o
ACE BCE BCA AE a a a a a Z = Z + Z = = + =
Xt SAE A vung A c:
2 2 2 2
3 5 2 2 SE SA AE a a a = + = + =
Mt khc, SAB A vung ti A
2 2
3 2 SB a a a = + =
v ABC vung ti B 2 2 AC a BE AC a = = =
Xt SBE ta c
2 2 2 2 2 2
4 2 8 1
cos
2 . 2.2 . 2 2 2
SB EB SE a a a
SE SB a a
+ +
= = =

1
arccos( )
2 2

= .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
227
S 39

Cu I.
1. Khi m =1 hm s tr thnh y =
2
1
2
+
+
x
x x
=x - 1 +
2
1
+ x

1
o
. Hm s c TX l R\{-2}
2
o
. S bin thin ca hm s
- Gii hn ti v cc, gii hn v cc v ng tim cn
Ta c: lim
x+
= +,

lim
x
=

2
lim
x

= ,
2
lim
x
+
= +
Do ng thng x = -2 l tim cn ng ca th hm s (khi x

2 v
x
+
2 )
V y - (x - 1)0 khi x + v x nn ng thng y = x - 1 l tim cn
xin ca th hm s cho khi x .
- Chiu bin thin
y' =1-
2
) 2 (
1
+ x
=
2
2
) 2 (
3 4
+
+ +
x
x x
(x= -2)
y' =0 x
2
+4x+3=0
1
3
x
x
=

BBT:
x - -3 -2 -1 +
y' + 0 - - 0 +
-5 + +
y
- - -1

Kt lun: Hm s ng bin trn mi khong (-;-3) v (-1;+)
Hm s nghch bin trn mi khong (-3;-2) v (-2;-1)
Hm s t cc i ti x = -3, y
C
=y(-3) =-5
Hm s t cc i ti x = -1, y
CT
=y(-1) =-1
3
o
. th
Giao im ca th hm s vi trc tung l im (0;
2
1
)
th i qua cc im A(-3;-5) v C(-1;-1)
th hm s nhn giao im B(-2;-3) ca 2 tim cn lm tm i xng.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
228
6
4
2
-2
-4
-6
-8
-10 -5 5 10
0
y
x
-3
-5
-3
-2 -1
-1
1
C
B
A

2.
2
(3 2) 1 2 9 8
3 4
2 2
x m x m m
y x m
x x
+ +
= = + +
+ +

( )
'
2
8 9
1
2
m
y
x
= +
+

TH1:
9
8
m = 1 y =
TH2:
9
8
m =
-
9
8
m > ,
'
0 y > x D e hm s ng bin trn tng khong ca TX
-
9
8
m < ,
'
0 y < x D e hm s nghch bin trn tng khong ca TX
Vy vi
9
8
m > th hm s ng bin trn tng khong ca TX
Cu II.
1.
2
3sin cos2 sin2 4sin cos
2
x
x x x x + + =
( )
2
3sin 1 sin sin2 2sin cos 1 x x x x x + + = +
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
229
2
2sin sin 1 0 x x =
1
sin
2
sin 1
x
x
( )
2
6
7
2
6
2
2
x k
x k k
x k
= +
= + e
= +

2.
( )
3
4
1 8 (1)
1 (2)
x y x
x y

K
1
0
x
y
>
>

T (2)
2
( 1) y x = . Thay vo (1) ta c
2 3
1 ( 1) 8 x x x =
3 2
1 8 2 1 x x x x = + +
3 2
1 2 9 x x x x = + + (*)
Ta thy 2 x = l 1 nghim ca pt (*)
Xt hm s ( ) 1, 1 f x x x = >

'
1
( ) 0 1
2 1
f x x
x
= > >
hm s ( ) f x ng bin trn [1; ) +

3 2
( ) 2 9, 1 g x x x x x = + + >

2
' 2
1 5
( ) 3 2 2 3 0
3 3
g x x x x
| |
= + = <
|
\ .
hm s ( ) g x nghch
bin trn [1; ) +
Vi 1 2 x < < ta c ( ) (2) (2) ( ) f x f g g x < = <
Vi 2 x > ta c ( ) (2) (2) ( ) f x f g g x > = >
Vi x = 2 ta c f(2) = 1 = g(2) 2 x = l nghim duy nht ca pt (*)
Thay vo (2) 1 y =
Vy nghim ca h pt l
2
1
x
y
=

Cch 2.
(*)
3 2
1 2 9 x x x x + + =0 (**)
Xt hm s
3 2
( ) 1 2 9 f x x x x x = + + , 1 x > .
2
1
'( ) 3 2 2 0, 1
2 1
f x x x x
x
= + + > >
.
Mt khc, f(2) = 0. Suy ra, x = 2 l nghim duy nht ca (**).

Cu III.
1. Gi D(x; y; z) l im cn tm
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
230
Ta c (1;3;0) AB =
, (0;3;2) AC =
, ( 1; ; 1) AD x y z = +

1
, . 1 , . 6
6
ABCD
V AB AC AD AB AC AD
( (
= = =

3 0 0 1 1 3
, , , (6; 2;3)
0 2 2 0 0 3
AB AC
| |
(
= =
|

\ .

6( 1) 2 3( 1) 6
, . 6
6( 1) 2 3( 1) 6
x y z
AB AC AD
x y z
+ + =
(
=

+ + =

6 2 3 9
6 2 3 3
x y z
x y z
+ =

+ =

6 2 3 9 6 2 3 3
1 0 1 0
4 4
x y z x y z
x y x y
x y z x y z
+ = + =

+ = v + =

+ + = + + =

1 5
0 6
5 7
x x
y y
z z
= =

= v =

= =

Vy c 2 im D tha mn yu cu bi ton c ta ln lt l ( 1;0;5) v
(5;6; 7)
2. Gi ( ; ; ) H a b c l trc tm ca ABC A .
Ta c ( 1; ; 1) AH a b c = +
, ( 2; 3; 1) BH a b c = +
, ( 1; 3; 1) CH a b c =

V H l trc tm ABC A , Hemp(ABC)
. 0
. 0
, . 0
BH AC
CH AB
AB AC AH
(
=

3( 3) 2( 1) 0
1 3( 3) 0
6( 1) 2 3( 1) 0
b c
a b
a b c
+ + =
+ =
+ + =

3 10
3 2 7
6 2 3 3
a b
b c
a b c
+ =
+ =
+ =
85
49
135
49
31
49
a
b
c
85 135 31
; ;
49 49 49
H
| |
|
\ .

mf(ABC) c 1 vc t php tuyn l n
= , AB AC
(

=(6; 2;3)
ng thng qua H mp(ABC) nhn n
lm vec t ch phng nn c phng

trnh l
85
6
49
135
2
49
31
3
49
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
231

Cu IV.
1. t
2
2
4
4
x
x t dt dx
x
= =

2 2
4 x t =
(1) 3, (0) 2 t t = =
3
3 3
2
2
2
8 16
( 4) 4 3 3 8 3 3
3 3 3
t
I t dt t
| |
| |
= = = =
| |
\ .
\ .
}

2. TH1: 0 x = hoc 0 y = , ta c :
n n n+1 n+1
n n+1
x +y = x +y
(1)
TH2: 0, 0 x y = = x >0, y >0.
Ta chng minh
n n n+1 n+1
n n+1
x +y > x +y
. (2)
Tht vy:

1
n n n+1 n+1
n n+1
n n+1
x +y > x +y +1 > +1
n n
x x
y y
+
| | | |
| |
\ . \ .
(3)
Gi s x y s . t 0 1
x
a a
y
= < s
Bt cn chng minh
1 1
1 1
n n n n
a a
+ +
+ > +

( ) ( )
1
1 1
ln 1 ln 1
1
n n
a a
n n
+
+ > +
+
(4)
Xt hm s
( )
1
( ) ln 1 , 2
x
f x a x
x
= + >

'
2
1 ln
( ) ln( 1) 0
( 1)
x
x
x
a a
f x a
x x a
= + + <
+
[2; ) x e +
hm s ( ) f x nghch bin trn [2; ) + ( ) ( 1) f n f n > +

( ) ( )
1
1 1
ln 1 ln 1
1
n n
a a
n n
+
+ > +
+

Suy ra, (4) c chng minh.
Vy vi , 0 x y > ; , 2 n n e > th
1 1
1
n n n n
n n
x y x y
+ +
+
+ > +
Du = xy ra khi 0, x y = e hoc 0, y x = e.
Cch khc:
(4)
( ) ( )
1
1 1
ln 1 ln 1 0
1
n n
a a
n n
+
+ + >
+
, 0 1 a < s , , 2 n N n e > (5)
Xt hm s
( ) ( )
1
1 1
( ) ln 1 ln 1 , , 2, (0;1]
1
n n
f t t t n N n t
n n
+
= + + e > e
+

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
232
( ) ( ) ( )( )
( )( )
1 1 1
1 1 1
1
1
( 1)
'( )
1 1 1 ( 1) 1 1 1
(1 )
0, , 2, (0;1]
1 1
n n n n n n
n n n n n n
n
n n
nt n t t t t t
f t
t t n t n t t t
t t
n N n t
t t

+ + +
+
+
= = =
+ + + + + + +
= > e > e
+ +

Suy ra, f(t) ng bin trn (0; 1]
a >0 f(a) >f(0)
( ) ( )
1
1 1
ln 1 ln 1 0
1
n n
a a
n n
+
+ + >
+
(pcm)

Phn ring
Cu Va.
1. , , x n e e ta c: ( )
0
1
n
n
k n k
n
k
x C x

=
+ =

( )
( )
2
2 1
2 2 1
0 0
0 0 0
0
1
1
1 1
n
n k n n
n
k n k k
n n
k k
x x
x dx C x dx C
n n k
+
+
= =
+
+ = =
+ +

} }

1 1 0 1 1
0
2 2 2 2 3 1
...
1 1 1 1
n k k n n n n n
n n n n
k
C C C C
n n k n n
+ + +
=
= = + + +
+ + +

0 1 1 0 1
2 2 2 3 1
...
2( 1) 1 1
n n n n
n n n
C C C
n n n
+
= + + +
+ +
,(pcm)
2.

4
2
-2
-4
B
-5 5
1
F
A
y
x
0
1
D
E
1,5 3
K
H
2

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
233
OAB A vung ti O => S
OAB
=S =
1
2
.OA.OB=
1
2
.3.4=6
AB
2
=
2 2
OA OB + =
2 2
3 4 5 + =
p =
1
2
(OA+OB+AB) =
1
2
(3 +4 +5) =6
=>
S
r
p
= = 1=> tm ng trn ni tip OAB A l H(1;1)
Gi D, E, F ln lt l trung im ca cc on AB, OB, OA. Ta c D
3
;2
2
| |
|
\ .
,
E(0;2), F
3
;0
2
| |
|
\ .

/ /
/ /
DE OA
DF OB
OA OB
DE DF DEF vung ti D.
Gi K l trung im ca on EF => K
3
;1
4
| |
|
\ .
, K l tm ng trn ngoi tip
DEF A . Bn knh ng trn ny l R =KE =
2
2
3
1
4
| |
+
|
\ .
=
5
4

Ta thy
1
4
R r = ,
2
1 1
4 4
HK
| |
= =
|
\ .
R r HK = ng trn ni tip OAB A v
ng trn ngoi tip DEF A tip xc ngoi vi nhau, pcm.

Cu Vb.
1.
2 2
1 1
3 2 5.6 0
x x x + +
s
2 2 3 2
3.3 2.2 5.6 0 3. 2. 5 0
2 3
x x
x x x
| | | |
s s
| |
\ . \ .

t
3
0
2
x
t t
| |
= >
|
\ .

Ta c
2
2
3 5 0 3 5 2 0 0 2 t t t t
t
s s < s
3
2
3
2 log 2
2
x
x
| |
s s
|
\ .
.
Cch khc.
Bt phng trnh cho tng ng:
2
3
2
3 3 3 3 3
3 5 2 0 2 3 1 0 2 log 2
2 2 2 2 2
x x x x x
x
( (
| | | | | | | | | |
s + s s s
( (
| | | | |
\ . \ . \ . \ . \ .
( (

2. Gi E l trung im ca on CD
Ta c: ABCD cnBECD
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
234
a
H
F
K
a
a
a
a
E
B
C
D
A
AACD cnAECD
Suy ra CDmp(ABE) v gc gia mp(ACD) v mp(BCD) bng Z(AE,BE)=90
o

Li c AACD =ABCDAE =BE AABE vung cn ti E
AE =BE =
2
a

CE =
2 2
AE AC =
2
a
CD =
2
2a
= 2 a
BCD
S
A
=
2
1
BE.CD =
2
1
.
2
a
. 2 a =
2
2
1
a
M AE CD v AEBE
AE mp(BCD) nn AE l
ng cao h t nh A xung
mp(BCD) ca hnh chop A.BCD
Vy
. A BCD
V =
3
1
AE.
BCD
S
A
=
2
1 1
. .
3 2 2
a
a =
3
2
12
a

Gi F, K, H ln lt l trung im ca AC, BD v AB

EF/ /AD,EK / /BC
EF EK HK FH
2
a
= = = =

Nn t gic HFKE l hnh thoi c ng cho HE =
2
1
AB =
2
a

Suy ra, cc tam gic KHE,FHE u

0
KEF 120 =
Z(EF, EK) =60
o

Vy gc gia 2 ng thng AD v BC bng 60
o
.

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
235
S 40

Cu I.
3 1
1
x
y
x
+
=
+
(1)
1
0
Tp xc nh: \{-1}
2
0
S bin thin :
* Gii hn:
lim 3
x
y
+
= ; lim 3
x
y
= ng thng y = 3 l tim cn ngang ca th hm s.

1
lim
x
y
+
=
;
1
lim
x
y
= + ng thng x = - 1 l tim cn ng ca th hm
s.
* Chiu bin thin:
2
2
' 0, 1
( 1)
y x
x
= > =
+

Bng bin thin
x - -1 +
y + +
y + +

-
Hm s ng bin trn mi khong ( ; 1) v (-1;+).
3
0
th
Giao Oy: (0; 1)
Giao Ox: (
1
3
; 0)
f(x)=(3x+1)/(x+1)
-9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3 -2 -1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
-8
-6
-4
-2
2
4
6
8
x
y

2. Phng trnh tip tuyn ca th hm s (1) ti M(-2; 5) l:
y =2(x +2) +5 hay y =2x +9.
ng thng trn giao Ox ti A(
9
2
; 0).
ng thng trn giao Oy ti B(0; 9).
Din tch tam gic cn tm l
OAB
S
A
:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
236
OAB
S
A
=
1
2
OA.OB =
1
2
.
9
2
.9 =
81
4
.
Cu II.
1.
4 4
4(sin os ) os4x +sin2x =0 x c x c + +
2 2 2 2 2 2
4(sin os ) 8sin cos 1 2sin 2 +sin2x =0 x c x x x x + +
2
4sin 2 +sin2x +5 =0 x
sin2 1
5
sin2
4
[
x
x
=
=
(loi)
2 2
2
x k
= +
4
x k
= +
2.
2 2
( 1)( 3) 2 3 2 ( 1) x x x x x + + + < (1)
iu kin: -1<x <3.
(1)
2 2 2
( 2 3) 2 3 2 1 x x x x x x + + < + +
t
2
2 3 x x + + =t t>0.
(1) tr thnh:

3
2
2 t t <
3
2
2 0 t t + >
2
( 1)( 2 2) 0 t t t + + >
1 t >
1 t > :
2
2 3 1 x x + + >
2
2 2 x x <0 1 3 1 3 x < < + .
Cu III.
1. Gi M( ; ; )
o o o
x y z l giao im ca d vi ( )
khi
0 0 0
( , , ) x y z phi tha:
0 0 0
0 0 0
2 2 1 0(1)
1 1
( 2)
1 2 2
x y z
x y z
+ + =

= =

t
0 0 0
1 1
1 2 2
x y z
t

= = =
0
0
0
1
2 1
2
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

Thay vo (1) ta c:
2(t +1) (2t +1) +2.(-2t) +1 =0
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
237
- 4t +2 =0 t =
1
2
M(
3
2
; 2; - 1).
* Ta c :
(1;2; 2) a =
l vect ch phng ca d.
(2; 1;2) n =
l vect php tuyn ca( ) .

l gc gia d v ( )
sin =
.
.
a n
a n

=
4
9
.
2. Gi I( , ,
I I I
x y z ) l tm mt cu.
Phng trnh mt cu (C)
2 2 2
2 2 2
2 2 2 0
0
I I I
I I I
x y z x x y y z z d
x y z d
+ + + =
+ + >

Do (C) tip xc vi ( ) v Oxy nn:
d(I,( ) ) =d(I,(Oxy)) =R.
2 2 2
2 2 1
1
2 1 2
I I I I
x y z z
R
+ +
= =
+ +
2 2 1
I I I
x y z + + =3
I
z (*)
Mt khc: I ed nn:

1
2 1
2
I
I
I
x t
y t
z t
= +
= +

Thay vo (*) 4 2 3 2 t t + =
2 2
(4 2) 9(2) t t =
2
20 16 4 0 t t + =

1
t = , t =1
5

TH1: t =-1:
I(0; - 1; 2), R =2.
phng trnh mt cu:
2 2 2
( 1) ( 2) 4 x y z + + + =
TH2: t =
1
5

I(
6 7 2
; ;
5 5 5
), R =
2
5
.
phng trnh mt cu:
2 2
6 7 2 4
5 5 5 25
x y z
| | | | | |
+ + + =
| | |
\ . \ . \ .

Cu IV.
1.
1 1 1
2 2
2 2
0 0 0
4 4
x x
x x
I xe xe dx dx
x x
| |
= =
|

\ .
} } }

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
238
I
1 1 1
2 2 2 1 2
1 0
0 0 0
1 1 1
( )
2 2 2
x x x x
xe dx xd e xe e dx = = =
} } }

=
( )
2 2 1 2 2 2
0
1 1 1 1 1 1
1
2 4 2 4 4 4
x
e e e e e = + = +
I
1 1 1 2
2
2 2 2
0 0 0
1 2 1 (4 )
2 2
4 4 4
xdx xdx d x
x x x
= =

} } }
=
2 1
0
4 2 3 x =
( )
2
1 2
1
1 3 2
4
I I I e = + = + +
2. Chng minh: cos cos 1 os(xy) x y c + s + .
Ta c cosx +cosy =2cos
x-y
os
2 2
x y
c
+
; cos
x+y
1; os 0
2 2
x y
c
s > (v 0 ,
3
x y

s s )
x+y
osx+cosy 2cos
2
c s (1)
Ta c
x+y
; 0; os os
2 3 2
x y
xy xy c c xy
+ (
> e s
(

(2)
T (1) v (2) suy ra, osx+cosy 2cos c xy s

Suy ra, ch cn chng minh 2cos 1 os(xy) xy c s + (3)
t t = 0;
3
xy t
(
e
(

(1)
2 2
2 ost 1+cost ost 2 ost+1 0 c c c s >
f(t) =cost
2
2 ost+1 c ; f(t) =
2 2
2 sin 2sin 2( sin sin ); t t t t t t + = 0;
3
t
(
e
(

ta thy t = 1 l nghim ca f(t) = 0
t >1 :
2 2
sin sin t t t t > > (v t
2
0; , 0;
2 3
t
| | | |
e e
| |
\ . \ .
2
sin sin '( ) 0 t t t f t > <
t <1 :t
2 2 2 2
sin sin sin sin sin t t t t t t t < < < < f'(t)>0 t=1 l nghim duy nht
t
0 1
3

f(t) + -
f(t)
0
2
os
9
c

( ) 0 f t > (pcm) du = xy ra 0 x y = =

PHN RING:
Cu V.a.
1. Ta c:
0 1
(1 ) ...
n n n
n n n
x C C x C x + = + + +

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
239
Ly o hm 2 v. ta c:
1 1 1
(1 ) ...
n n n
n n
n x C n C x

+ = + +
Chn x=2, ta c
1 1 2 1
.3 2 .2 ... .2
n n n
n n n
n C C nC

= + + +
1 1 2 2
2 .3 2 2 ... .2
n n n
n n n
n C C n C
= + + +
1 1 2 2
2 .3 2 2 ... .2
n n n n n
n n n
n C C n C

= + + +
(pcm).
Cch khc.
Xt khai trin:
0 1 1 1
(2 1) (2 ) (2 ) ... (2 )
n n n n n
n n n n
x C x C x C x C

+ = + + + + .
o hm hai v:
1 0 1 1 1 2 1
2 (2 1) 2 ( 1)2 ... 2
n n n n n n n
n n n n
n x n C x n C x C C

+ = + + + +
Cho x = 1, ta c pcm.
2. ng trn (C) tm I(4; 0), bn knh R =2.
Gi M(0; a).
V A, B l tip im ABIM IM
l vecto php tuyn ca ng thng AB

IM
=(- 4; a) v AB i qua E(4; 1)

phng trnh ng thng AB: - 4(x - 4) +a(y - 1) =0 hay - 4x +ay +16 - a =0
V OAM A vung ti A, ABIM d(O,AB)=
2
OA
OM
=
2
4
16 a +

Mt khc d(O, AB)=
2
4.4 16
16
a
a
+
+
=
2
16
a
a +

a =4a = 4 .
Th li, a = 4 tha mn, a =- 4 khng tha mn,
Vy a = 4.
Cu V.b.
1.
2 2
2 4 2 2 1
2 16.2 2 0
x x x x
s
2 2
2 1 ( 2 1) 2
4 16.2 2 0
x x x x
s
2
2
2 1
2 1
4
4 2 0
2
x x
x x

s

t
2
2 1
2
x x
=t. t >0. Ta c bt phng trnh:
2
4
2 0 t
t
s

3
2 4 0 t t s
2 t s .
2
2 1
2
x x
s 2
2
2 2 0 x x s
1 3 1 3 x s s +
2. Gi K MN CD = . Khi , Q PK AD = . Gi F l trung im BC v G l im
trn AC sao cho DG//PQ. Thy ngay, FD//MN.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
240
Ta c:
2 2 2 5 3
1 1 1 1 1
3 3 5
AG PG PG KD MF AQ AP
AP AP PC KC MC AD AG
= + = + = + = + = + = = = .
Gi V l th tch t din ABCD, V
1
l th tch khi a din ABMNQP, V
2
l th tch
khi a din CDMNPQ. Khi V
2
=V - V
1
.
Ta c V
1
=V
ABMN
+V
AMPN
+V
APQN
.
Do
1 1 1 3 1
, , , .
4 2 8 8 2
BMN MNC DNC
BCD BCD BCD
S S S BM BN
BC BD S S S
= = = = =
Suy ra:

1 1 1 1 3 1
, , . .
8 3 8 3 5 10
ABMN AMNP AMNC APQN ADNC
V V V V V V V V = = = = =
Nh th,
1
7
.
20
V V = Suy ra,
1
2
7
13
V
V
= .
Cch 2. Gi K MN CD = .
p dng nh l Menelauyt cho tam gic BCD A :
. . 1
MB KC ND
MC KD NB
=
1 1
. . 1
3 1
KC
KD
= 3
KC
KD
=
3
2
KC
DC
=
PK AD Q = . p dng nh l Menelauyt cho tam gic ACD A :
. . 1
KC QD PA
KD QA PC
=
1
3. . 1
2
QD
QA
=
2
3
QD
QA
=
3
5
AQ
AD
= .
Ta c:
PQDCMN KCPM KQDN
V V V = .
KCPM
V =
1
( ,( )).
3
MPC
d K ABC S

=
1 3 2 3 3 1 3
. ( ,( )). . . ( ,( )).
3 2 3 4 4 3 4
ABC ABC ABCD
d D ABC S d D ABC S V = =

1 1 1 2 1 1
. ( ,( )). . . ( ,( )). . .
3 3 2 5 2 10
KQDN DQN ABD ABCD
V d K ABD S d C ABD S V = = =
13
20
PQDCMN ABCD
V V =
7
20
ABMNQP ABCD
V V =
7
13
ABMNQP
DCMNQP
V
V
=

N
P
Q
K
D
C
M
B
A
N
P
Q
K
D
C
M
B
A
F
G
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
241
S 41

I. PHN CHUNG CHO TT C CC TH SINH (7, 0 im)
Cu I.
Cho hm s y =- x
3

- 3x
2

+mx - 4, trong m l tham s thc, (1).
1. Kho st s bin thin v v th ca hm s (1) cho, vi m = 0.
Vi m = 0, ta c y = - x
3

- 3x
2

- 4. Bn t gii.
2. Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m hm s (1) cho ng bin trn
khong (0; 2).
Ta c y' =-3x
2
- 6x +m.
Hm s cho ng bin trn (0; 2) khi ch khi
2
3 6 0 x x m + + > , (0;2) x e
2
3 6 , (0;2) x x m x s e
2
(0;2)
ax( ( ) 3 6 ) 0 m f x x x m m = s >
Cu II.
1. Phng trnh
2
2
tan tanx 2
sin
tan 1 2 4
x
x
x
+ | |
= +
|
+
\ .
tng ng:

2
2
2(tan tanx)
sin cos
tan 1
x
x x
x
+
= +
+

2cos
2
x(tan
2
x +tanx) =sinx +cosx
2sin
2
x +2sinxcosx =sinx +cosx, cosx = 0.
(sinx +cosx)(2sinx - 1) =0, cosx = 0.

4
2
6
5
2
6
x k
x k
x k
= +
= +
= +

2. Tm tt c cc gi tr ca tham s m phng trnh
2 4
2 4 1 x x x m + + + =
c ng mt nghim thc.
t 1 0 t x = > , phng trnh d cho tr thnh:
4 4
3 t t m + =
Xt hm s
4 4
( ) 3 , 0. f t t t t = + >
Ta c,
3
4 3
4
'( ) 1 0
( 3)
t
f t
t
= <
+
.
Mt khc f(0) =
4
3, lim 0
x+
=
Suy ra,
4
0 3 m < s .
Cu III.
Vi A(5; 5; 0) v ng thng d:
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
242

1 1 7
2 3 4
x y z + +
= =

1. A' i xng vi im A qua ng thng d.
d c vc t ch phng (2;3; 4) u =
. Mt phng (P) i qua A v nhn vc t

(2;3; 4) u =
lm vc t php tuyn, nn (P) c phng trnh:

2(x -5) +3(y - 5) - 4z =0
2x +3y -4z - 25 =0.
Gi H l hnh chiu ca A trn d (giao im ca (P) v d), ta H l nghim ca
h:
1 1 7
2 3 4
2 3 4 25 0
x y z
x y z
+ +
= =
+ =
suy ra H(3; 5; - 1).

H l trung im ca AA', nn A'(1; 5; - 2).

2. Tam gic ABC vung ti C v B, C thuc d nn C trng H(3; 5; - 1).
B thuc d nn B(- 1 +2t; - 1 +3t; 7 - 4t).
BC = 29 (2t - 4)
2
+(3t - 6)
2
+(8 - 4t)
2
=0 t =1 hoc t = 3.
Vy, c hai im B m ta l: (1; 2; 3) hoc (5; 8; - 5)
Cu IV.
1. Tch phn:

1 1
2 2
0 0
1 1
1 1
2
0 0
0 0
( 1) ( 1) ( )
( 1) (2 1) ( ) 3 1 (2 1) 2 2 2
x x
x x x x
I x x e dx x x d e
x x e x d e e x e e dx e
= + + = + +
= + + + = + + =
} }
} }

2. H phng trnh
2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2 2
2
2
60
36 25
36 60 25 0
60
36 60 25 0
36 25
36 60 25 0
60
36 25
x
y
x
x y x y
y
y z y z z
y
z y z x
z
x
z
+
+ =

+ = =

+

+ =

=
+
y
Thy ngay, nu x = 0 th y =z =0. Suy ra, x =y =z =0 l mt nghim.
Nu x = 0 th x >0, theo , y > 0, z > 0.
Xt hm s
2
2
60
( ) , 0.
36 25
t
f t t
t
= >
+

Ta c,
2 2
300
'( ) 0, 0.
(36 25)
t
f t t
t
= > >
+
Suy ra f(t) ng bin.
H phng trnh cho tng ng:
( )
( )
( )
y f x
z f y
x f z
=
.
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
243
Nu x > y th z >x, ko theo y >z. v l.
Suy ra, x =y =z.
Thay vo h ta c x = y = z =
5
6
.
II. PHN RING.
1. S cc s t nhin gm 4 ch s khc nhau m mi s u ln hn 2500.
Gi s nh th l ( , , {0,1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9}, 2) abcd a b c a e >
Nu a > 2 th c 7 cch chn a,
3
9
A cch chn b, c, d nn c 7.
3
9
A =3528 s abcd .
Nu a = 2 th c 5 cch chn b,
2
8
A cch chn c, d nn c 5.
3
9
A =280 s abcd .
Vy s c s : 3528 + 280 =3808 s.

2. Ta cc nh ca tam gic ABC.
Ta nh A l nghim ca h phng trnh:
4 2 0
( 2;1)
2 3 7 0
x y
A
x y
+ =

+ =

Ta nh B l nghim ca h phng trnh:
4 2 0
(6; 1)
2 3 9 0
x y
B
x y
+ =

+ =

ng thng BC i qua B v vung gc vi ng cao k t A nn c phng
trnh l: 3(x - 6) +2(y +1) =0 3x +2y - 16 =0.
Trung im AC thuc trung tuyn k t B nn ta C l nghim ca h
phng trnh:
3 2 16 0
(2;5)
2 1
2 3 9 0
2 2
x y
C
x y
+ =

+
+ =
.

1. Gii phng trnh
( ) ( )
5 1 2 5 1 3.2.
x x
x
+ + =

( ) ( )
5 1 5 1
5 1 2 5 1 3.2 2 3 0.
2 2
x x
x x
x
| | | |
+
+ + = + =
| |
| |
\ . \ .

t t =
5 1
0
2
x
t
| |
+
= >
|
|
\ .
.
Phng trnh ch tng ng
2
2
3 0 3 2 0 1, 2. t t t t t
t
+ = + = = =
- t =1:
5 1
1 0.
2
x
x
| |
+
= =
|
|
\ .

- t =2:
5 1
2
5 1
2 log 2.
2
x
x
+
| |
+
= =
|
|
\ .

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
244
2.

mf(AKH)SC AHSC
AHBC v BCmf(SAB)

AHmf(SBC) AHHK (1)
Ta c:
2 2 2
2 2 2 2
2 2 2 2
1 1 1

.AS .4 2
AS 4 5
AH AB AS
AB a a a
AH
AB a a
= +
= = =
+ +

SC =
2 2 2 2
AS 4 2 6 AC a a a + = + =
SK.SC =SA
2

2 2
4 2 6
3 6
SA a a
SK
SC a
= = = .
AK
2
=SA
2
- SK
2
=2a
2
-
2
24
9
a
=
2
12
9
a

HK =
2 2
AK AH =
2 2
12 4 2 15
9 5 30
a a a
= .
3
1 8
. .
6 45
SAHK
a
V AH HK SK = = .
Cch khc.
2
2
2
2
2
2
4 4 3
2
2 2 2 2
.
.
.
.
16 1 1 8
. . .2 .
. 5 .6 3 2 45
SAHK
SABC
SAHK SABC
SH SA
SH SB SA
SB SB
SK SA
SK SC SA
SC SC
V SH SK SA
V SB SC SB SC
SA a a
V V a a
SB SC a a
| |
= =
|
\ .
| |
= =
|
\ .
| |
= =
|
\ .
= = =

K
H C
B
A
S
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
245
MC LC

PHN TH NHT. D B THI I HC 2002 - 2008 2
1 3
2 4
3 5
4 6
5 7
6 8
7 9
8 10
9 11
10 12
11 13
12 14
13 15
14 16
15 17
16 18
17 19
18 20
19 21
20 22
21 23
22 24
23 25
24 26
25 27
26 28
27 29
28 30
29 31
30 32
31 33
32 34
33 35
34 36
35 37
36 38
37 39
38 40
39 41
40 42
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
246
41 43
PHN TH HAI. HNG DN GII 44
1 45
2 51
3 56
4 63
5 70
6 76
7 80
8 86
9 91
10 95
11 101
12 106
13 110
14 113
15 116
16 119
17 122
18 125
19 130
20 134
21 138
22 142
23 147
24 152
25 155
26 160
27 165
28 169
29 172
30 177
31 182
32 187
33 192
34 198
35 203
36 208
37 213
38 219
39 227
40 235
41 241
D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008
247


ĐỀ DỰ BỊ THI ĐH 2002 - 2008 VÀ HD GIẢIchi tiet

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ĐỀ DỰ BỊ THI ĐH 2002 - 2008 VÀ HD GIẢIchi tiet

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T r n Xun Bang - Trng THPT Chuyn Qung Bnh

D b thi i Hc 2002 - 2008

. ng thng (d) qua A v (P) c phng

=(2; -8; -16) =2(1; -4; -8). BA' c phng trnh:

] =(3; 1; - 7). Suy ra, phng trnh ca (P):

=(u;v;t). Suy ra:

=(2;1). Suy ra ng thng AC

=(1;3). Suy ra ng thng AB c phng trnh

(-2; -2; 2) =-2 (1;1;-1). Mt phng (P) d qua I v vung gc vi

< < <

< < < <

l 1 vc t php tuyn ca (ABC).

c vc t ch phng (1; 1;2)

thay vo phng trnh (P):

x, y l a nghi em cua phng trnh:

x, y l anghi em cua phng trnh:

AC 1; 1; 2 , phng trnh tham socua AC l a

chon ( ) 0,1, 1 l avc t ch phng cua SC.

hay (1;0; -2) l am vc t php

= (1;0;2) l avc t ch phng ca (

l vc t php tuyn ca mf(ABC')

ca mt phng ( ) v KO =d(K, ( )) (1)

=(- 1; 2; 1), nn c mt vc t php

=(1; 1; - 1), nn c mt vc t php

=(1; 1; - 1), nn c phng trnh:

=(2; 2; - 2). AB nh nht khi t

. Suy ra mt vc t php tuyn

, ' (2; 3;1)

AB ( 2; 4; 16) cng phng vi =

A ' B ( 6; 6; 18) (cng phng vi (1;-1;3) )

OA (2; 0; 0) cng phng vi =

. T suy ra phng trnh A.

= v y = 0 l A(0, 0); B(1, 0). Khi

> < <

> < v >

=(4;7;-7) l cp ch phng ca mt phng (Q).

khng cng phng nn (

hm s ( ) f x ng bin trn [1; ) +

lm vec t ch phng nn c phng

= ng thng y = 3 l tim cn ngang ca th hm s.

l vect php tuyn ca( ) .

l vecto php tuyn ca ng thng AB

=(- 4; a) v AB i qua E(4; 1)

. Mt phng (P) i qua A v nhn vc t

lm vc t php tuyn, nn (P) c phng trnh:

suy ra H(3; 5; - 1).

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