B cm bin l thit b in t cm nhn nhng thay i t mi trng bn ngoi v bin i thnh cc tn hiu in iu khin cc thit b khc.

. Cm bin l mt trong ba thnh phn c bn ca h thng iu khin. C nhiu loi cm bin khc nhau nh cm bin nhit, cm bin quang, cm bin hng ngoi,... Bin tr tuyn tnh, bin tr gc quay dng chuyn i s dch chuyn thnh in p. Ngoi ra cn c th chuyn i kiu in cm v in dung... Nguyn tc chung o cc i lng khng in nh nhit , quang thng, lc, ng sut, kch thc, di chuyn, tc ... bng phng php in l bin i chng thnh tn hiu in. Cu trc thit b o gm ba thnh phn: B phn chuyn i hay cm bin, c cu o in v cc s mch trung gian hay mch gia ng tn hiu v d nh mch khuch i, chnh lu, n nh. Cm bin xenxin lm phn t o lng trong cc h bm st gc quay, truyn ch th gc quay c ly xa m khng thc hin c bng c kh. Bin p xoay (quay) dng bin i in p ca cun s cp hoc gc quay ca cun s cp thnh tn hiu ra tng ng vi chng. Bin p xoay sin, cos o gc quay ca rto, trn t cun s cp, thnh in p t l thun vi sin hay cos ca gc quay . Bin p xoay tuyn tnh bin i lch gc quay ca rto thnh in p t l tuyn tnh. Con quay 3 bc t do v con quay 2 bc t do c s dng lm cc b cm bin o sai lch gc v o tc gc tuyt i trong cc h thng n nh ng ngm ca cc dng c quan st v ngm bn. Cm bin tc - b m ha quang hc l a m trn c khc vch m nh sng c th i qua c. Pha sau a m t phototransistor chu tc dng ca mt ngun sng. ng c v a m c gn ng trc, khi quay nh sng chiu n phototransistor lc b ngn li, lc khng b ngn li lm cho tn hiu cc colecto l mt chui xung. Trn a m c khc hai vng vch, ngoi A trong B c cng s vch, nhng lch 90 (vch A trc B l 90). Nu a m quay theo chiu kim ng h th chui xung B s nhanh hn chui xung A l chu k v ngc li. Thit b o tc nh DC Tachometer, AC Tachometer, Optical Tachometer.

Cm bin nhit nh Pt 56, Pt 100, Thermocouple Cm bin c vai tr quan trng trong cc bi ton iu khin qu trnh ni ring v trong cc h thng iu khin t ng ni chung. - L thit b c kh nng cm nhn cc tn hiu iu khin vo, ra. C vai tr o c cc gi tr. - Gii hn cm nhn vi i lng vt l cn o.
1. Hin th trong nh: + in tr (resistive touchscreen): c bit tt. + in dung (capacitive touchscreen): c bit tt. 2. Hin th di nh nng mt tri: + in tr: kh km, lp mn hnh ngoi cng phn chiu qu nhiu nh sng xung quanh i. + in dung: tt.

3. nhy khi chm: + in tr: cn mt lc tc ng ln mt mn hnh, c th dng tay (ngay c vi bao tay), mng tay, bt, v.v. + in dung: ch cn 1 ci chm nh vi ngn tay giu electron (tch in m) tng tc ln mn hnh gng kch hot h thng cm ng in dung bn di. Khng phn ng vi nhng vt n l/mng tay/tay eo bao tay. Do vy, nhn dng ch vit tay kh l rm r v khng chnh xc. 4. chnh xc: + in tr: chnh xc ngay c vi phn gii nh nht, iu ny c th thy khi v (hoc vit ch) bng bt. + in dung: v l thuyt th chnh xc ch trong mt s pixels. nhng c bit gii hn vi kch thc u ngn tay nn s kh iu khin hoc click chn trn mn hnh nh hn 1cm2. 5. Gi thnh: + in tr: r + in dung: r rng l t hn nhiu, khong t 10% n 50% ty vo nh sn xut. i vi nhn hiu ni ting th nh hng khng nhiu, nhng vi chic tm trung th gi thnh s l tr ngi cao. 6. a chm: + in tr: khng, nu nh khng c chnh li. + in dung: ty thuc vo s dng v phn mm, ngoi ra cng c th l cuc chin vi Apple ty thuc vo multi touch c s dng nh th no na. 7. bn: + in tr: mn hnh cm ng in tr t nhin vi lp b mt mm nn d n v lm xung, do mn hnh lp trn ny d b try v cc tn thng b mt khc. Mt khc, n cng s b bo mn theo thi gian v cn thng xuyn hiu chnh. Mt tch cc l lp in tr qua mn hnh nha khin cho my nhn tng th c v bn hn v kh b h khi b ri. + in dung: mn hnh gng c th c s dng bn ngoi, kh b tn thng b mt hn (c th p mt c m khng b c)c vi and certainly prone to shattering on major impact) nn kh b try v sc. 8. V sinh: + in tr: v c th dng mng tay hoc bt tc ng nn c th b li dy tay, b nhn v mm bnh. + in dung: d cn s dng nguyn ngn tay touch nhng do s dng mn hnh gng nn nn lt nh v d lau chi. 9. Mi trng hot ng: + in tr: cha c s liu chnh xc nhng mt s ti liu cho rng Nokia 5800 hot ng tt trong mi trng 15C n +45C. + in dung: nhit hot ng t 0 n 35, cn m t nht 5% ( in dung hot ng). Do vy, mt s my cm ng ca Nokia t 7710, 5800 v N97 u s dng cm ng in tr do nh sn xut Phn Lan m ra, m Phn Lan th nhit lnh, ngi phi thng xuyn eo gng. Tuy vy, h cng tnh qu k v khi ra ng vi thi tit qu lnh m eo gng dy th cng kh thao tc c trn my. Ty ngi s dng cm nhn cm ng no l tt cho mnh vy.
Thch (0) (0) Ngy gi: 29/07/2011 - 10:08

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ni ra th di lm. nhng mnh ni vn tt nh ny cho bn d hiu. Mn hnh chm hay in tr (resistive) l mn hnh c cu to gm nhiu lp v gia cc lp c s dn in. Khi chm vo mn hnh bng bt, hay ngn tay, in tr gia cc lp thay i, b phn cm bin xc nh ta ca v tr thay i in tr. Loi mn hnh ny rt ph bin. Mn hnh cm ng in dung hay capacitive cng bao gm nhiu lp nhng khng dn in. Cu to ca mn hnh ny gn ging mt t in. trng thi bnh thng, mn hnh ny c tch in, khi chm vo bng tay, in dung ca t in thay i (hoc hiu theo cch khc l in tch truyn t mn hnh sang ngi l mt mi trng dn in), b phn cm bin s xc nh ta ca ca phn b chm. Cc mn hnh in dung hin nay mi ch nhn c tn hiu khi chm bng ngn tay. Tiu biu cho loi ny l iPhone. Ngoi ra, hng Sharp cn pht trin mt loi mn hnh cm ng khc l photodetector. Loi ny c th hot ng nh mt my qut.
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Mc d c th cha y nhng c hai loi mn hnh cm ng m hu ht tt c chng ta u bit: mn hnh cm ng in tr v mn hnh cm ng in dung. Chng xut hin trn cc smartphone hay my tnh bng t tin cho php hi p vi nhng c chm nh nht, h tr a im v thng p ng cao (tr phi bn eo gng tay). Hoc, c loi cho thi gian hi p lu hn mt cht, cn lc n mnh hn, khng h tr a im nhng li lm vic vi bt k dng c no chm vo. Nu l mt tn cng ngh c bit vi cc dng in thoi cm ng t trc ti nay th c th bn c tri nghim nhng khc bit ny. Hy ngh xem iu g to nn s khc bit gia cc loi mn hnh cm ng, v sao mn hnh chic iPhone 4 li khng cm nhn c ngn tay eo gng, hay ti sao ta li khng th s dng cc loi bt cm ng c cho iPad? Tt c nhng thc mc ny c th c gii p bng hai yu t: tr khng v dung khng. S khc nhau gia haicng ngh cm ng ny tr li cho tt c cc cu hi bn trn. Di y l gii thch n gin v cch hot ng ca hai loi mn hnh cm ng ny. Mn hnh cm ng

Mc d ang ngy cng tr nn ph thng nhng iu khng ng ngha vi vic, mn hnh cm ng l mt pht minh mi. Mn hnh cm ng u tin c pht minh t nhng nm 1960 v tr qua rt nhiu thay i v ci tin tr thanh mn hnh cm ng nh ta thy ngy nay. Cc mn hnh cm ng khng ch gii hn trn nhng chic smartphone v my tnh bng m chng c s dng mi lnh vc, mi gc cnh cuc sng, t my ATM, thit b bn hng, h thng nh v, my chi game cm tay v thm ch l touchpad trn nhng chic laptop. Mn hnh cm ng ang dn dn i vo cuc sng v vy hiu c cch thc hot ng ca chng cng gip ch cho chng ta. Mn hnh cm ng in tr Mn hnh cm ng in tr l loi mn hnh cm ng ph bin nht. Tr nhng mu smartphone hin i v cc my tnh bng th hu ht cc loi mn hnh cm ng ta gp thc ra l cm ng in tr. Mn hnh cm ng in tr tt nhin ph thuc vo tr khng. p lc bn t ln gy ra hi p cho mn hnh. Mt mn hnh cm ng c to ra t hai lp c bn c t cch nhau mt khong trng. Hai lp ny u c mt lp v ti mt gip gia hai lp trong khong trng, ging nh hai mu bnh m sandwich p vo nhau. Khi hai lp v ny chm vo nhau, mt in p pht sinh c truyn i v c x l nh mt c chm ti v tr .

V vy khi ngn tay, bt cm ng hoc bt k dng c no khc chm vo mn hnh cm ng in tr, n to mt p lc lp trn v c truyn ng xung lp k cn lm ny sinh tn hiu. Do , bn c th s dng bt k vt g bn mun tc ng ln mn hnh cm ng in tr lm giao din cm ng hot ng; mt ngn tay eo gng, mt mu g, mng tay min l gy p lc ln im chm kch hot c ch v c chm s c ghi nhn. Vi l do tng t, mn hnh cm ng in tr i hi p lc nh ghi nhn c chm v khng phi lun lun p ng c nhanh nh mn hnh cm ng in dung. Ngoi ra, cu trc a lp lm cho hin th hnh nh t sc nt, tng phn thp hn so vi mn hnh cm ng in dung. Trong khi hu ht cc mn hnh cm ng in tr khng cho php a im nh phng to bng hai ngn tay th chng c th ghi nhn c chm t mt ngn tay khi ngn khc ang chm mt v tr khc trn mn hnh.

Mn hnh cm ng in tr cng ang c nhng ci tin ln vi nm qua v ngy nay rt nhiu smartphone cm ng tm trung s hu mt mn hnh cm ng in tr c chnh xc khng thp hn cc thit b cao cp. Mt s thit b s dng cng ngh cm ng in tr gn y nh Nokia N800, Nokia N97, HTC Tattoo v Samsung Jet. Mt thit b ni ting khc s dng cng ngh cm ng in tr l Nintendo DS, thit b chi game u tin s dng cng ngh ny. Mn hnh cm ng in dung iu bt ng l, thc ra th mn hnh cm ng in dung cn c pht minh trc. Mn hnh u tin c pht trin trc mn hnh cm ng in tr khong 10 nm. Tuy nhin, nhng mn hnh cm ng in dung hin nay c chun xc cao hn v hi p nhanh khi c chm nh bng ngn tay. Tri ngc vi cm ng in tr ph thuc vo p lc c hc t ngn tay hay bt cm ng, mn hnh cm ng in dung s dng cc thuc tnh in t ca thn th con ngi. Mt mn hnh cm ng in dung thng c to bi mt lp cch in nh knh, bao ph bi mt vt liu dn in trong sut mt bn trong. Do c th ngi dn in nn mn hnh in dung c th s dng tnh dn in ny lm u vo. Khi bn chm vo mt mn hnh cm ng in dung bng ngn tay, bn gy nn s thay i ti trng in t ca mn hnh.

Thay i ny c ghi nhn, v v tr c chm c xc nh bi mt b x l. iu ny c thc hin bng mt s cng ngh khc nhau, nhng tt c cc cng ngh ny u da vo s thay i in t do c chm ngn tay gy ra. iu ny l nguyn nhn bn khng th s dng mt mn hnh cm ng in dung khi eo gng tay cch in. Tng t vi cc bt cm ng.

Do cc mn hnh in dung ch c to t mt lp chnh m ngy cng mng hn khi cng ngh nng cao, th nhng mn hnh ny khng ch nhy cm v chun xc hn m cn hin th sc nt hn, ging nh chic iPhone 4S. V tt nhin, nhng mn hnh cm ng in dung cng c th h tr a im, nhng ch khi s dng vi ngn tay mt lc. Nu mt ngn tay ang chm vo mn hnh, mn hnh s khng th cm nhn c c chm khc mt cch chnh xc. Kt lun y l nhng khc bit c bn gia hai loi mn hnh cm ng thng dng hin nay. a s cc thit b cao cp thng coi cng ngh cm ng in dung nh la chn s mt do tnh hi p cao v cho php hin th hnh nh sc nt. Nhng cng ngh cm ng in tr vn c nhng u im nht nh.