presented by:

CIRCUIT BREAKER
M Aamir sohail khan & sufyan saleem

Dept, of electrical engineering bahaudain a!ariya uni"ersity #ultan , $a!istan

Project Advisor:
ENGR. JAHANGIR AKHTAR KHAN

WHAT IS A CIRCUIT BREAKER?

A

circui !reaker is an e"ui#men ha !reaks a circui ei her manually or au oma ically un$er all con$i ions a no loa$% full loa$ or shor circui &

Operating Principle
Two contacts called electrode remains closed under normal operating conditions. When fault occurs on any part of the system, the trip coil of the circuit breaker get energized and contacts are separated.

Arc Phenomenon
An arc is struck when contacts are separated. The current is thus able to continue. Thus the main duty of a circuit breaker is to distinguish the arc within the shortest possible time.

The arc provides the low resistance path to the current and the current in the circuit remains uninterrupted.

The arc resistance depends upon the following factors.

Degree of ionization ength of the arc !ross "ection of the arc

Methods of Arc Extinction

#igh $esistance %ethod ow $esistance %ethod

T&'(" )* !+$!,+T -$(A.($

)+ !+$!,+T -$(A.($

A+$ - A"T !+$!,+T -$(A.($

"*/ !+$!,+T -$(A.($

0A!!,% !+$!,+T -$(A.($

Breaker Use$ In '()K* +ri$ S a ion

,il

Circui Breaker *acuum Circui !reaker S-. Circui Breaker

Bulk ,il Circui !reaker Air cushion

/o0 ,il Circui Breaker

Consis

s of 0o #ar s&

Su##or

in1 Cham!er& Circui 2Breakin1 cham!er3 consis of fi4e$ an$ mo5in1 con ac 6

7isa$5an a1es ,f ,il Circui Breaker

I

is inflamma!le an$ here is a risk of fire& I may form an e4#losi5e mi4 ure 0i h air& I re"uires main enance& A!sor!s mois ure% so $ielec ric s ren1 h re$uces& ,il leaka1e #ro!lem& ,il has o !e re#lace$ af er some o#era ions !ecause of he car!oni8a ion of oil&

*acuum Circui Breaker

*acuum

is use$ as an arc "uenchin1 me$ium& Ha5e 1rea es insula in1 s ren1 h& '92: o '92; #ressure is o !e main aine$& Use$ in ''K* #anel in con rol room of 1ri$ s a ion&

*acuum Circui Breaker

A$5an a1es
Com#ac

% relia!le an$ ha5e lon1er life& <o fire ha8ar$s& <o 1enera ion of 1as $urin1 an$ af er o#era ion& Can in erru# any faul curren & <o noise is #ro$uce$ 0hile o#era in1& Re"uire less #o0er for con rol o#era ion&

S-. Circui Breaker

'& )& (& =& ;& .& :&

Sul#hur He4afluori$e 3S-.6 1as is use$ as an arc "uenchin1 me$ium& S-. is an elec ro2ne1a i5e 1as& I has s ron1 en$ency o a!sor! elec rons& When con ac are o#ene$ in a hi1h #ressure flo0 of S-. 1as% arc #ro$uce$& -ree elec ron in he arc are ca# ure$ !y he 1as& Which !uil$ u# enou1h insula ion s ren1 h o e4 in1uish arc& i is much effec i5e for hi1h #o0er an$ hi1h 5ol a1es ser5ices%

A$5an a1es
Sim#le

cons ruc ion% less cos & S-. 1as is non flamma!le% non o4ic & chemical iner 1as& Same 1as is recircula e$ in he circui & Main enance free C&B& A!ili y o in erru# lo0 an$ hi1h faul curren & E4cellen Arc e4 inc ion&

A$5an a1es ,f S-. ,5er ,il Circui Breakers

Shor

arcin1 ime Can in erru# much lar1er curren s +i5es noiseless o#era ion $ue o i s close$ 1as circui <o mois ure #ro!lem <o risk of fire <o car!on $e#osi s& So no rackin1 an$ insula ion #ro!lems /o0 main enance cos

THE END