PLC s7-1200

Lun vn tt nghip GVHD: Ths.
Nguyn Hong Dng

Phan Thanh Nm Tq Minh Lin Dqi Hc Cn Tho
PH LC
L I NI U
c m ln nht ca ngi k s thit k l
nm trong tay mt cng c iu khin mnh, a nng
v mm do. Theo pht trin ca cng ngh in
t, cc chip vi x l, vi iu khin, b logic c th lp
trnh, my tnh PC ln lt ra i p ng c c
m . V chng nhanh chng l nhng gii php
c la chn t ng ha qu trnh sn xut.
Trong nhiu nghnh cng nghip hin nay, nht l
ngnh cng luyn kim, ch bin thc phmB logic
c th lp trnh (Promamable Logic Controller ) l mt
thit b khng th thiu trong dy truyn sn xut. Nm
bt c tm quan trng ,nn chng ti tin hnh
tm hiu, nghin cu v ly l ti lun vn tt
nghip cho mnh.
D c gng ht sc nhng c th khng trnh
khi nhng thiu st. Rt mong nhn c kin ng
gp t qu thy c v c gi.
SVTH: T Minh Lin
Phan Thanh Nm
Lun vn tt nghip GVHD: Ths. Nguyn Hong Dng
Li cm n.....................................................................................................
Tm tt...............................................................................................................
Tng quan v ti.........................................................................................
Chng I:C s l thuyt v PLC S7 1200 ...............................................
1. Tng quan v sn phm.......................................................................3
2. Phn loi...................................................................................... ..........4
3. Hnh dng bn ngoi.............................................................................5
4. Cu trc bn trong................................................................................6
5. u dy..................................................................................................7
6. Module m rng....................................................................................9
7. Phng php lp trnh iu khin.....................................................10
8. Ngn ng lp trnh..............................................................................11
9. Phn mm lp
trnh.............................................................................13
10. Tp lnh ca PLC S7-1200...............................................................19
Chng II: Lp trnh ng dng PLC S7 1200.
1. ng dng 1: iu khin bng truyn ng gi tri cy.................117
2. ng dng 2: iu khin h thng trn dng dch.........................125
3. ng dng 3: Dng S7 1200 ng m ca t ng.....................127
4. V mt s ng dng khc................................................................129
Chng III: Kt qu v kin ngh.................................................................
1. Kt qu...............................................................................................
2. Kin ngh.............................................................................
Ti liu tham kho.................................................................................
L I CM N
Xin chn thnh cm n cha m, anh (ch em) to mi iu kin
chng ti c th hon thnh tt bi lut vn tt nghip.
Xin chn thnh cm n Thy Nguyn Hong Dng tn tnh hng
dn v gip chng em trong sut thi gian thc hin lut vn tt nghip.
Xin cm n thy c b mn t ng ha v cc bn sinh vin cng
kha ng gp nhng kin qu bu chng ti c th hon thnh tiu
lun ny.
Nhm sinh vin thc hin:
T Minh Lin (1063740)
Phan Thanh Nm (1063745)
Sinh vin k32
lp :iu khin t ng
nm hc: 2006 - 2010
TM TT
TNG QUAN V TI
Chng I: C s l thuyt v PLC S7 1200
1. Tng quan v PLC S7 1200
Hinh 2.1. Hnh dng bn ngoai ca S7 1200 v cc module m rng
PLC S7-1200 ( Promamable Logic Controller) l nhng kt hp I/O v cc
la chn cp ngun, bao gm 9 module cc b cp ngun c VAC hoc
VDC - cc b ngun vi s kt hp I/O DC hoc Relay. Cc module tn hiu
m rng I/O v cc module giao tip d dng kt ni vi cc mt ca b
iu khin. Tt c cc phn cng Simatic S7-1200 c th c gn trn DIN
rail tiu chun hay trc tip trn bng iu khin, gim c khng gian v
ch ph lp t.
Cc module tn hiu c trong cc model u vo, u ra v kt hp loi 8,
16, v 32 im h tr cc tn hiu I/O DC, relay v analog. Bn cnh , bng
tn hiu tin tin c trong I/O s 4 knh hay I/O analog 1 knh gn ng trc
b iu khin S7-1200 cho php nng cp I/O m khng cn thm khng
gian. Thit k c th m rng ny gip iu chnh cc ng dng t 10_I/O
n ti a 284_I/O, vi kh nng tng thch chng trnh ngi s dng
nhm trnh phi lp trnh li khi chuyn i sang mt b iu khin ln hn.
Cc c im khc: b nh 50 KB vi gii hn gia d liu ngi s
dng v d liu chng trnh, mt ng h thi gian thc, 16 vng lp PID
vi kh nng iu chnh t ng, cho php b iu khin xc nh thng s
vng lp gn ti u cho hu ht cc ng dng iu khin qu trnh thng
dng. Simatic S7-1200 cng c mt cng giao tip Ethernet 10/100Mbit tch
hp vi h tr giao thc Profinet cho lp trnh, kt ni HMI /SCADA hay ni
mng PLC vi PLC.
2. Phn loi
Vic phn loi S7-1200 da vo loi CPU m n trang b:
Cc loi PLC thng dng: CPU 1211C, CPU 1212C, CPU 1214C
Thng thng S7-200 c phn ra lm 2 loi chnh:
Loi cp in 220VAC:
- Ng vo: Kch hot mc 1 cp in p +24VDC(t 15VDC 30VDC).
- Ng ra: Relay.
- u im ca loi ny l dng ng ra Relay. Do c th s dng ng
ra nhiu cp in p khc nhau( c th s dng ng ra 0V, 24V,
220V)
- Tuy nhin, nhc im ca n l do ng ra Relay nn thi gian p
ng khng nhanh cho ng dng bin iu rng xung, hoc Output
tc cao
Loi cp in p 24VDC:
- Ng vo: Kch hot mc 1 cp in p +24VDC( t 15VDC
30VDC).
- Ng ra: transistor
- u im ca loi ny l dng ng ra transistor. Do c th s dng
ng ra ny bin iu rng xung, Output tc cao
- Tuy nhin, nhc im ca loi ny l do ng ra transistor nn ch c
th s dng mt cp in p duy nht l 24VDC, do vy s gp rc ri
trong nhng ng dng c cp in p khc nhau. Trong trng hp
ny, phi thng qua mt Relay 24VDC m.
Bng 1.1: cc c im c bn ca s7-1200
c trng CPU 1211C CPU 1212C CPU 1214C
Kch tht(mm) 90 x 100 x 75 110 x 100 x 75
B nh ngi dng
B nh lm vic
B nh ti
B nh s kin
25 Kbytes
1 Mbytes
2 Kbytes
50 Kbytes
2 Mbytes
2 Kbytes
Phn vng I/O
Digital I/O
Analog I
6 inputs / 4
outputs
2 inputs
8 inputs / 6 outputs
2 inputs
14 inputs / 10
outputs
2 inputs
Tc x l nh 1024 bytes (inputs) and 1024 bytes (outputs)
Modul m rng None 2 8
Mch tn hiu 1
Modul giao tip 3 (left-side expansion)
B m tc cao
Trng thi n
Trng thi i
3
3 100 kHz
3 80 kHz
4
3 100 kHz
1 30 kHz
3 80 kHz
1 20 kHz
6
3 100 kHz
3 30 kHz
3 80 kHz
3 20 kHz
Mch ng ra 2
Th nh Th nh Simatic (tu chn)
Thi gian lu tr khi mt
in
240h
PROFINET 1 cng giao tip Ethernet
Tc thc thi php ton
s thc
18us
Tc thi hnh 0.1us
3. Hnh dng bn ngoi.(CPU 1212C)
1-Ch hot ng ca cc ng I/O
2-Ch hot ng ca PLC
3-Cng kt ni
4-Khe cm th nh
5-Ni gn dy ni
Hinh 2.2. Hnh dng bn ngoi ca S7 1200 (CPU 1212C)
CPU 1212C gm 10 ng vo v 6 ng ra, c kh nng m rng thm 2
module tn hiu (SM), 1 mch tn hiu(SB) v 3 module giao tip (CM).
Cc n bo trn CPU 1212C:
STOP / RUN (cam / xanh): CPU ngng / ang thc hin chng trnh
np vo b nh.
ERROR (mu ): mu ERROR bo hiu vic thc hin chng
trnh xy ra li.
MAINT (Maintenance): led chy bo hiu vic c th nh c gn vo
hay khng.
LINK: Mu xanh bo hiu vic kt ni vi tnh thnh cng.
Rx / Tx: n vng nhp nhy bo hiu tn hiu c truyn.
n cng vo ra:
Ix.x (n xanh): n xanh cng vo bo hiu trng thi tc thi ca
cng Ix.x. n ny bo hiu trng thi ca tn hiu theo gi tr ca cng
tc.
Qx.x(n xanh): n xanh cng ra bo hiu trng thi tc thi ca
cng Qx.x. n ny bo hiu trng thi ca tn hiu theo gi tr logic
ca cng.
4. Cu trc bn trong.
Cng ging nh cc PLC cng h khc, PLC S7-1200 gm 4 b phn c
bn: b x l, b nh, b ngun, giao tip xut / nhp.
- B x l cn c gi l b x l trung tm (CPU), cha b vi x l,
bin dch cc tn hiu nhp v thc hin cc hot ng iu khin theo
chng trnh c lu trong b nh ca PLC. Truyn cc quyt nh di
dng tn hiu hot ng n cc thit b xut.
- B ngun c nhim v chuyn i in p AC thnh in p DC (24V)
cn thit cho b x l v cc mch in trong cc module giao tip nhp v
xut hot ng.
- B nh l ni lu tr chng trnh c s dng cho cc hot ng
iu khin di s kim sot ca b vi x l.
- Cc thnh phn nhp v xut (input / output) l ni b nh nhn thng
tin t cc thit b ngoi vi v truyn thng tin n cc thit b iu khin. Tn
hiu nhp c th t cc cng tc, cc b cm bin, Cc thit b xut c th
l cc cun dy ca b khi ng ng c, cc van solenoid,
- Chng trnh iu khin c np vo b nh nh s tr gip ca b
lp trnh hay bng my vi tnh.
Hnh 2.3: cu trc bn trong
5. u dy.
y ta chn CPU 1212C, trnh by u dy tiu biu:
Chng ta c th cung cp ngun 24VDC hay 100 230VAC cho PLC v
cc thng s in p c th hin (Hinh 5).
Hinh 2.4. S u dy S7 -1200 / CPU 1214
Ngun cung cp cho PLC l 100 230VAC vi tn s t 47Hz 63Hz.
in p c th thay i trong khong t 85V 264V . 264V dng in tiu
th l 20A.
Ngun cung cp l 24VDC. in p c th thay i trong khong
20.4V - 28.8V. 28.8V dng in tiu th l 12A.
Cc ng vo c tc ng mc in th tiu biu l 24VDC. Cc ng
ra ca PLC mc 0 khi cng tc h hay in p <= 5VDC. Ng vo mc 1
khi cng tc ng hay in p =>15VDC. Thi gian i trng thi t 0 ln 1
v t 1 xung 0 ti thiu l 0.1us PLC nhn bit c.
Cc ng ra c th l 5VDC 30VDC hay 5VAC 250VAC. Ty theo yu
cu thc t m ta c th ni ngun khc nhau ph hp vi ng dng ca
n.
6. Module m rng.
Hnh 2.5: hnh dng cc mun
H PLC S7-1200 cung cp nhiu nht 8 module tn hiu a dng v 1
mch tn hiu cho b x l c kh nng m rng. Ngoi ra bn cng c th
ci t thm 3 module giao tip nh vo cc giao thc truyn thng.
Bng 2.2: thng s cc mun
Module Ng vo Ng ra Ng vo / ra
Module tn
hiu (SM)
Digital 8 x DC 8 x DC
8 x Relay
8 x DC / 8 x DC
16 x DC / 8 x Relay
16 x DC 16 x DC
16 x Relay
16 x DC / 16 x DC
16 x DC / 16 x Relay
Analog 4 x Analog 2 x Analog 4 x Analog / 2 x
Analog
board tn hiu
(SB)
Digital - - 2 x DC / 2 x DC
Analog - 1 x Analog -
Module giao tip (CM)
RS485
RS232
7. Phng php lp trnh iu khin.
Khc vi phng php iu khin cng, trong h thng iu khin c lp
trnh, cu trc b iu khin v cch u dy c lp vi chng trnh.
Chng trnh nh ngha hot ng iu khin c vit nh s gip ca
mt my vi tnh.
thay i tin trnh iu khin, ch cn mt thay i ni dung b nh iu
khin, ch khng cn thay i cch ni dy bn ngoi. Qua , ta thy c
u im ca phng php iu khin lp trnh c so vi phng php
iu khin cng. Do , phng php ny c s dng rt rng ri trong
lnh vc iu khin v n rt mm do
Phng php iu khin lp trnh c thc hin theo cc bc sau:
Hinh 2.6 Phng php lp trnh iu khin
8. Cc ngn ng lp trnh.
8.1. Ngn ng lp trnh LAD (ladder Logic):
Hinh 2.7 Chng trnh LAD
Chng trnh LAD (Hinh 8.1) bao gm ct dc biu din ngun in
logic cng vi cc k hiu cng tc logic to thnh mt nhnh mch in logic
nm ngang. hnh bn, logic iu khin c biu din bng hai cng tc
thng h, mt cng tc thng ng v mt ng ra relay logic.
Cc k hiu cng tc trn c dng xy dng nn bt k mch logic
no: s kt hp nhiu mch logic c th biu din mch iu khin cho mt
ng dng c logic iu khin phc tp. iu cn thit cho cng vic thit k
chng trnh ladder l lp ti liu v h thng v m t hot ng ca chng
ngi s dng hiu c mch ladder mt cch nhanh chng v chnh
xc.
Cc qui c ca ngn ng lp trnh LAD:
- Cc ng dc trn s biu din ng cng sut, cc mch c
ni kt vi ng ny.
- Mi nc thang (thanh ngang) xc nh mt hot ng trong qu trnh
iu khin.
- S thang c c t tri sang phi v t trn xung. Nc nh
thang c c t tri sang phi, nc th hai tnh t trn xung cng c
tng t Khi ch hot ng, PLC s i t u n cui chng trnh
thang sau lp i lp li nhiu ln. Qu trnh ln lt i qua tt c cc nc
thang gi l chu k qut.
- Mi nc thang bt u vi mt hoc nhiu ng vo v kt thc vi t
nht mt ng ra.
- Cc thit b in c trnh by iu kin chun ca chng. V vy,
cng tc thng h c trnh by s thang trng thi h. Cng tc
thng ng c trnh by trng thi ng.
- Thit b bt k c th xut hin trn nhiu nc thang. C th c mt rle
ng mt hoc nhiu thit b.
- Cc ng vo v ra c nhn bit theo a ch ca chng, k hiu ty
theo nh sn xut qui nh.
8.2. Ngn ng lp trnh FDB (Funtion Block Diagram):
Hnh 2.8: v d v ngn ng FDB
Phng php ny c cch biu din chng trnh nh s khng tip
im dng cc cng logic (thng dng theo k t ca EU)
Theo phng php ny cc tip im ghp ni tip c thay th bng cng
AND, cc tip im ghp song song c thay th bng cng OR, cc tip
im thng ng th c cng NOT. Phng php ny thch hp cho ngi
dng s dng kin thc v in t m c bit l mch s.
9. Phn mm lp trnh SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic.
Phn mm SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cung cp mt mi trng
thn thin vi ngi dng, t hiu chnh, th vin, v b iu chnh logic cn
thit n ng dng iu khin.
SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cung cp cng c cho qun l v cu
hnh tt c cc thit b trong project, v d nh: PLCs v thit b HMI.
SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cung cp hai ngn ng lp trnh (LAD v
FBD), thch hp v hiu qu trong ci tin lp trnh iu khin trong ng
dng. Ngoi ra SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cn cung cp b cng c
to v cu hnh thit b HMI.
SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic cung cp mt h thng tr gip trc
tuyn v cung cp 2 ch hin th khc nhau: a project-oriented view v a
task-oriented set of portals.
9.1. Trnh t cc bc thit k mt chng trnh iu khin.
Hinh 2.9 S thit k mt chng trnh iu khin
9.2. Giao din ca phn mmSIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic.
Phn mm SIMATIC TIA Portal STEP7 Basic chy h iu hnh
Windows, phn mm lm nhim v trung gian gia ngi lp trnh v PLC.
Hinh 2.10. Giao din chnh ca phn mm.
to mt project mi ta thc hin theo cc bc sau:
T giao din chnh ca phn mm, chn Start / Create new project / Create /
Create a PLC program / Main
Lc ny vng son tho chng trnh di dng Ladder hin ra (Hinh 8.3).
Hinh 2.11. Giao din son tho chnh
Cc thanh cng c thng dng:
M chng trnh mi.
M chng trnh c sn.
Lu chng trnh.
Kim tra li trong chng trnh.
Np chng trnh xung PLC.
Run.
Stop.
Chn / xa network
Thanh cng c lnh
Cc phn t lp trnh thng dng:
Cc lnh logic:
Cc lnh timers:
Cc lnh Counter:
Cc lnh so snh:
Cc lnh ton hc:
Cc lnh chuyn i:
9.3. Np chng trnh xung PLC.
np chng trnh xung PLC chng ta thc hin cc bc sau:
Thit lp PLC: T giao din son tho chnh chn Add new
device / chn loi PLC. Sau chn online access ly a ch IP
kt ni PLC vi my tnh.
Chn PLC ch STOP bng cch t menu chnh chn
Online / STOP (hinh 9.3.) hoc click tri chut ln biu tng trn
thanh cng c. Lc ny trn giao din xut hin hp thoi thng bo
xc nhn vic chn PLC ch STOP, chn yes.
T menu chnh chn Online / download to device hoc click tri
chut ln biu tng t thanh cng c np chng trnh
xung PLC.
Hinh 2.12. Tm dng hot ng ca PLC.
9.4. Giao tip gia my tnh v PLC.
Do PLC c h tr sn dy cp ni vi my tnh nn ta ch cn ni PLC
vi my tnh PC qua dy cp:
Hinh 2.13. S kt ni PLC vi my tnh.
10. Tp lnh ca PLC S7-1200
A. CC LNH C BN:
10.1. Cc lnh v bit
10.1.1. Cng tc:
Cng tc thng h (Normally Open, vit tc l NO) v cng tc
thng ng (Normally Closed, vit tc l NC). i vi PLC, mi cng tc i
din cho trng thi mt bit trong b nh d liu hay vng nh ca cc u
vo, ra. Cng tc thng h (ON ngha l cho dng in i qua) khi bit
bng 1 cn cng tc thng ng (ON ngha l khng cho dng in i
qua) khi bit bng 0.
Trong LAD, cc lnh ny biu din bng chnh cc cng tc thng h
v thng ng. Trong FBD, cc cng tc thng h c biu din nh cc
u va hoc ra ca cc khi chc nng AND, OR hoc XOR. Cng tc
thng ng c biu din them du o(vng trn nh) u vo tng
ng.
Cc v d minh ha:
Ladder(LAD):
Cng tc thng h:
Hnh 2.14. M t lnh
Cng tc thng ng:
Hnh 2.15. M t lnh
FBD:
AND:
OR:
XOR:
Hnh 2.16. M t lnh
10.1.2. Lnh o bit, lnh sn:
10.1.2.1. Lnh o
Lnh o thay i dng nng lng. Nu dng nng lng gp lnh
ny, n s b chn li. Ngc li nu pha trc lnh ny khng c dng nng
lng, n s tr thnh ngun cung cp dng nng lng. Trong LAD, lnh
ny c biu din nh mt cng tc. Trong FBD, lnh o khng c biu
tng ring. N c tch hp nh l u vo ca nhng khi chc nng
khc(vi mt vng trn nh u vo ca cc khi chc nng ). Trong
STL, lnh ny o gi tr ca nh ngn xp: 0 thnh 1 v 1 thnh 0. Lnh ny
khng c ton hng.
LAD: ---| NC1 |---
FDB:
Hnh 2.17. M t lnh
V d:
LAD:
FDB:
Hnh 2.18. M t lnh
10.1.2.2. Lnh sn:
u thuc nhm lnh cng tc, ghi nhn trng thi cc bit d
liu(0 hay 1) quen thuc vi khi nim mc. Cc lnh v sn ghi
nhn khng phi mc n thun m l s bin i mc. Lnh sn
dng (Positive Transition) cho dng nng lng i qua trong khong
thi gian bng thi gian mt vng qut khi u vo ca n c s thay
i mc t 0 ln 1. Lnh sn m (Negative Transition) cho dng nng
lng i qua trong khong thi gian bng thi gian mt vng qut khi
u vo ca n c s thay i mc t 1 xung 0.
Trong LAD, cc lnh ny c biu din cng nh cc cng tc.
Trong FDB, cc lnh ny c biu din bng cc khi chc nng
P v N.
Bng 2.3: tham s
Parameter Data
type
Memory
area
Description
<Operand1> BOOL I, Q, M, L,
D
Signal to be queried
<Operand2> BOOL I, Q, M, L,
D
Edge memory bit in which the signal
state of the previous query is saved.
V d:
LAD :
FBD:
LAD:
FDB:
Hnh 2.19. M t lnh
10.1.3. P_TRIG v N_TRIG:
Bng 1.4: cc thng s ca lnh
Parameter Data
type
Memory
area
Description
<Operand> BOOL I, Q, M,
L, D
Edge memory bit in which
the RLO of the last query is
saved.
CLK
BOOL
Current RLO
Q BOOL
Result of edge evaluation
M t:
P_TRIG: Khi c tn hiu xung CLK lnh bt u hot ng. Khi tn hiu
c s thay i mc (0 ln 1) th ng ra Q s c t ln 1. Cc trng
hp khc ng ra Q mc 0.
N_TRIG: Khi c tn hiu xung CLK lnh bt u hot ng. Khi tn hiu c
s thay i mc (1 xung 0) th ng ra Q s c t ln 1. Cc trng
hp khc ng ra Q mc 0.
Th d:
LAD:
FBD:
LAD:
FBD:
Chng trnh s nhy n
lnh nhy CAS1 khi ng vo
CLK c s thay i mc(1
xung 0)
Chng trnh s nhy n lnh
nhy CAS1 khi ng vo CLK c
s thay i mc(0 ln 1)
Hnh 2.20. M t lnh
10.1.4. COIL (cun dy):
10.1.4.1. Lnh ra:
Ging nh mt cun dy rle.
LAD:
FBD:
Hnh 2.21. M t lnh
V d:
LAD:
FBD:
LAD:
FDB:
Q0.0 ln 1 khi tha cc iu kin sau:
I0.0 v I0.1 cng mc 1.
I0.2 mc 1
Q4.0 xung 0 khi tha cc iu kin
sau:
I0.0 v I0.1 cng mc 1.
I0.2 mc 1
Hnh 2.22 . M t lnh
10.1.4.2. Set v Reset:
- SET: Mt khi iu kin vo ON, hm ny s gi trng thi ON cho d
iu kin vo c OFF.
LAD:
FBD:
- RESET: Mt khi iu kin vo ON, hm ny s gi trng thi OFF cho
d iu kin vo c ON.
LAD:
FBD:
Hnh 2.23. M t lnh
Bng 2.5: cc thng s ca lnh
Thng s D liu M t
IN(hoc ni vi cng
tc hoc cng logic )
BOOL Bit v tr c gim st
OUT BOOL Bit v tr c SET hoc RESET
Chng trnh v d:
LAD:
FBD:
LAD:
Hnh 2.24. M t lnh
FBD:
Hnh 2.25
10.1.4.3. SET_BF v RESET_BF: Set v Reset bit field
Ng ra Q0.0 c t ln 1 khi cc
iu kin sau hot ng:
I0.0 v I0.1 cng ln mc 1
I0.2 mc 0
Ng ra Q0.0 c t xung 0 khi
cc iu kin sau hot ng:
I0.0 v I0.1 cng ln mc 1
I0.2 mc 0
Hnh 2.26. M t lnh
- SET_BF: Khi iu kin vo ON, hm ny s gi trng thi ON vi s
bit(n) c t trc cho d iu kin vo c OFF.
Hnh 2.27. M t lnh
- RESET_BF: Khi iu kin vo ON, hm ny s gi trng thi OFF vi
s bit(n) c t trc cho d iu kin vo c ON.
Thng s D liu M t
N Constant S bit t trc
OUT BOOL Bt u t a ch ca bit t trc
Chng trnh v d:
LAD:
FBD:
LAD:
Hnh 2.29. M t lnh
Khi ng vo I0.0 v I0.1 cng
ln mc 1 th Q20.0, Q20.1,
Q20.2, Q20.3 v Q20.4 s ln
mc 1.
Plnh 2.28 .M t lnh
FBD:
10.1.5. P v N (Set operand on positive signal edge / Set operand on
negative signal edge):
LAD:
FDB:
V d:
LAD:
Hnh 2.30. M t lnh
Ng ra Q0.0 ln mc 1 khi trng
thi tn hiu u vo ca cun dy
chuyn t mc (0 ln 1). Trong
cc trng hp khc Q0.0 trng
thi OFF.
Khi ng vo I0.0 v I0.1 cng
ln mc 1 th Q20.0, Q20.1,
Q20.2, Q20.3 v Q20.4 s
xung mc 0.
FBD:
LAD:
Hnh 2.31. M t lnh
FBD:
Hnh 2.32. M t lnh
10.1.6. RS v SR:
RS(Reset set flip-flop): L mt tp hp chi phi cht ni t chi phi.
Nu cc thit lp S1 v thit lp li R tn hiu c hai u ng, a ch ng
ra Q s ln 1.
Cu trc: S1 R Q
0 0 gi nguyn trng thi
0 1 0
1 0 1
1 1 1
SR(Set reset set flip-flop): L mt thit lp li chi phi cht ni t li chi
phi. Nu cc thit lp S v thit lp li R1 tn hiu l ng. a ch ng
ra Q s mc 0.
Cu trc: S R1 Q
Ng ra Q3.0 ln mc 1 khi trng
thi tn hiu u vo ca cun dy
chuyn t mc (1 xung 0). Trong
cc trng hp khc Q3.0 trng
thi OFF.
0 0 gi nguyn trng thi
0 1 0
1 0 1
1 1 0
Bng 2.5: thng s cc lnh
Chng trnh v d:
LAD: FBD:
Bit nh M0.0 v ng ra Q4.0 s c thit lp khi tha cc iu kin sau:
I0.0 = 0 v I0.1 = 1
I0.0 v I0.1 cng mc 1
Bit nh M0.0 v ng ra Q4.0 s c thit lp li khi tha cc iu kin sau:
I0.0 =1 v I0.1 = 0
LAD: FBD:
Thng s D liu M t
S,S1
BOOL
Set ng vo
R,R1 Reset ng vo
Q Ng ra
P hlnh 2.33. M t lnh
Bit nh M0.0 v ng ra Q4.0 s c thit lp khi tha cc iu kin sau:
I0.0 = 0 v I0.1 = 1
Bit nh M0.0 v ng ra Q4.0 s c thit lp li khi tha cc iu kin sau:
I0.0 =1 v I0.1 = 0
I0.0 v I0.1 cng mc 1
10.2. Lnh nh thi:
- TP: B m thi gian Pulse to ra mt xung c rng vi thi gian
c t trc.
- TON(On-Delay Timer): B ng tr.
- TOF(OFF-Delay Timer): B ngt tr.
- TONF(Retentive On-Delay Timer): B ng tr c nh.
10.2.1. TP:
Bng 2.6:
Thng s D liu M t
IN BOOL u vo cho php Timer
PT TIMER Gi tr t trc cho Timer
Q BOOL u ra Timer
ET TIMER Gi tr thi gian tri qua u ra
Timer data
block
DB Xc nh b nh thi reset li khi RT cho
php
FBD
LAD
Hnh 2.34. Biu thi gian:
Mi ln c mt xung cnh ln th ng ra Q s ON, thi gian Timer bt u
tnh, thi gian t (PT) Q OFF.
Khi IN ln 1 cha thi gian t PT sau xung 0 th Q vn gi
nguyn trng thi.
Khi IN =0 th Q trng thi OFF.
10.2.2. TON:
Bng 2.7: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
Q BOOL u ra Timer
Timer data
block
php.
FBD LAD
Plnh 2.33. Biu thi gian:
Khi ng vo IN ln 1 th ET tng dn ln 1(ng ra Q off), thi gian Timer
bt u tnh, khi ET >=PT th ng ra Q on.
Nu IN ln 1 trong khong thi gian cha thi gian t PT th ng ra
Q vn gi nguyn trng thi(off).
Khi Q ang ON, ng vo IN xung 0 th Q s OFF.
10.2.3. TOF:
Bng 2.8: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
Q BOOL u ra Timer
Timer data
block
DB
Xc nh b nh thi reset li khi RT cho
php
FBD
LAD
Plnh 2.36. Biu thi gian
Khi ng vo IN ln 1 th bit ET ln 1(ng ra Q s ON).
Khi IN xung 0, thi gian Timer bt u tnh, thi gian t trc(PT)
th bit ET s OFF (Q s OFF).
Khi IN xung 0 cha thi gian t PT ln 1 th bit ET vn gi
nguyn trng thi.
Khi IN ln 1, nu sau thi thi gian t PT m vn gi nguyn trng thi
th Q s ON.
Nu IN=1 khng thi gian t PT th bit ET s khng ln 1.
10.2.4. TONR:
Bng 2.9: cc thng s
FBD LAD
Biu thi gian:
Ng vo IN c tc dng kch thi gian cho Timer, khi ng vo IN=1 thi
gian. Timer c tnh, khi IN=0 thi gian khng b reset v 0. Khi thi gian
th bit ET s ln 1. Thi gian Timer ch b reset khi c tn hiu Reset Timer(tn
hiu t R).
10.3. Lnh m(Counter).
10.3.1. m ln (Counter Up):
Thng s D liu M t
R BOOL Thit lp li TONR khi thi gian tri qua bng 0
Q BOOL u ra Timer
Timer data
block
php
Bng 2.10: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
Counter
name
S hiu Counter
CU BOOL Kch m ln
R BOOL reset
PV SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,
UDINT
Gi tr t trc cho
Counter
Q BOOL ng nu CV>=PV
CV SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,
UDINT
Gi tr hin ti
Biu thi gian:
FBD
LAD
M t:
Mi ln c mt sn cnh ln CU, gi tr b m c tng ln 1. Khi
gi tr hin ti (CV: Current count value) ln hn hoc bng gi tr t
(PV:Preset value), ng ra s c bc ln ON. Khi chn Reset c kch gi
tr hin ti b m v ng ra Q c tr v 0.
B m ngng m khi gi tr b m t gi tr ti a l 32767.
10.3.2. m xung(Counter Down).
Bng 2.11: cc thng s
Biu thi gian:
Thng s D liu M t
Counter name S hiu Counter
CD BOOL Kch m xung
LOAD BOOL load
UDINT
Gi tr t trc cho
Counter
Q BOOL ng nu CV<=0
UDINT
Gi tr hin ti
LA FBD LA LAD
M t:
Khi chn LOAD c kch(sn ln) gi tr PV c np cho b m.
Mi ln c sn cnh ln chn CD, gi tr b m c gim xung 1. Khi
gi tr hin ti (CV) ca b m nh hn hoc bng 0, ng ra s c bt ln
ON.
B m ngng m khi gi tr b m t gi tr ti thiu l - 32767.
10.3.3. m ln / xung(Counter Up / Down).
Bng 2.12: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
Counter
name
S hiu Counter
CU, CD BOOL Kch m ln / xung
R BOOL Reset
LOAD BOOL Load
FBD LAD
M t:
Mi ln c mt sn cnh ln chn CU, gi tr b m c tng
ln 1.
Mi ln c mt sn cnh ln chn CD, gi tr b m c gim
xung 1.
Khi gi tr hin ti CV>=PV , ng ra QU s c bt ln ON.
Khi gi tr hin ti CV<=0, ng ra QD s c bt ln ON.
Khi chn R c kch(sn ln) gi tr b m v ng ra Q s
c reset v 0.
Khi chn LOAD c kch(sn ln) gi tr PV c t li.
UDINT
Gi tr t trc cho
Counter
QU BOOL ng nu CV>=PV
QD BOOL ng nu CV<=0
UDINT
Gi tr hin ti
10.3.4. m tc cao (CTRL_HSC):
Hnh 2.41
Bng 2.12: cc thng s
Thng s Loi thng
s
Loi d
liu
M t
Counter
name
S hiu Counter
HSC
IN
HW_HSC Nhn din HSC
DIR BOOL 1=yu cu hng mi
CV 1=yu cu thit lp gi tr truy cp
mi
RV 1=yu cu thit lp gi tr tham
chiu mi.
PERIOD 1=yu cu t gi tr nh thi mi
(ch dnh cho ch o tn s)
NEW_DIR INT Hng mi:
1=pha trc
1=pha sau
NEW_CV DINT Gi tr truy cp mi
NEW_RV DINT Gi tr tham chiu mi
NEW_
PERIOD
INT Gi tr nh thi mi trong vi giy:
0.01, 0.1 hoc 1(ch dnh cho ch
o tn s)
BUSY
OUT
BOOL Chc nng bn
STATUS WORD iu kin thc thi lnh.
FBD LAD
10.4. Lnh so snh.
10.4.1. Cc hm so snh nh sau:
10.4.1.1. So snh bng:
Hnh 2.42. M t lnh
IN1=IN2 th ng ra c bc ln ON.
10.4.1.2. Mt hm so snh tng t:
<>: so snh khc.
>=: so snh ln hn hoc bng.
<=: so snh nh hn hoc bng.
>: so snh ln hn.
<: so snh nh hn.
Bng 2.13: cc thng s
Thng
s
Loi d liu M t
IN1,
IN2
SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,
REAL, LREAL, STRING, CHAR, TIME,
DTL, Constant
Cc gi tr so
snh.
10.4.2. IN_RANGE and OUT_RANGE:
Dng kim tra gi tr u vo v ra trong phm vi gi tr ch nh. Nu
so snh l TRUE, th ng ra OUT l TRUE.
LAD/FBD:
Hnh 2.43. M t lnh
Bng 2.14: cc thng s
- IN_RANGE: So snh l ng nu MIN <= VAL <= MAX.
- OUT_RANGE: So snh l ng nu MIN > VAL hoc VAL>MAX.
- Cc tham s u vo MIN, VAL v MAX phi l kiu d liu ging
nhau.
10.4.3. OK v NOT_OK:
Dng kim tra d liu u vo c phi l s thc hay khng?
Khi cng tc LAD l TRUE th kch hot kt ni v cho dng in i qua.
Khi hp FBD l TRUE, th ng ra OUT l TRUE.
LAD:
FBD:
Hnh 2.44. M t lnh
Bng 2.15: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
Thng s Loi d liu M t
MIN,
VAL,
MAX
REAL, Constant
So snh u
vo
IN REAL, LREAL D liu ng vo
-OK: L TRUE nu gi tr ng vo l mt s thc(REAL)
-NOT_OK: L TRUE nu gi tr ng vo khng phi l mt s REAL.
10.5. Lnh ton hc.
10.5.1. Lnh cng tr:
ADD: Cng hai s (IN1 + IN2 = OUT).
SUB: Tr hai s (IN1 - IN2 = OUT).
Hnh 2.45. M t lnh
Bng 2.16: cc thng s
Thng
s
D liu M t
IN1, IN2 SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,
REAL, LREAL, Constant
Ng vo
OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,
REAL, LREAL
Ng ra
Ghi ch:
Cc thng s ton hc c bn IN1, IN2, OUT phi l kiu d liu ging
nhau.
Hnh 2.46. M t lnh
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1 chng trnh s thc hin vic cng(hay
tr) 2 s bit IN1, IN2 tng ng kt qu a ra OUT. Nu khng c li
xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ENO c trng thi tn hiu l 1.
10.5.2. Lnh nhn chia:
MUL: Nhn hai s (IN1 * IN2 = OUT)
DIV: Chia hai s (IN1 / IN2 = OUT)
Hnh 2.47. M t lnh
Bng 2.17: cc thng s
Hnh 2.47. M t lnh
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1 chng trnh s thc hin vic nhn(hay
chia) 2 s bit IN1, IN2 tng ng kt qu a ra OUT. Nu khng c li
xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ENO c trng thi tn hiu l 1.
Bng 2.18: iu kin m
Thng
s
D liu M t
IN1, IN2 SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,
REAL, LREAL, Constant
Ng vo
OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT,
REAL, LREAL
Ng ra
I8D
LAD
Trng thi ENO iu kin
1 Khng c li
0 Gi tr kt qu vt ngoi phm vi cho php ca kiu d
liu chn
0 Chia cho 0 (IN2 = 0)
0 REAL: nu mt trong nhng gi tr u vo l NAN(khng
phi s) hoc kt qu l INF (v cng), NAN c tr v
0 ADD REAL: Nu c hai gi tr ng vo u l INF khc
du, y l hot ng bt hp php v NAN c tr v.
0 SUB REAL: Nu c hai gi tr ng vo u l INF cng
du, y l hot ng bt hp php v NAN c tr v.
0 MUL REAL: Nu mt trong hai gi tr ng vo l s 0 v
khc INF, y l hot ng bt hp php v NAN c tr
v.
0 DIV REAL: Nu c hai gi tr ng vo u bng 0 hoc
INF, y l hot ng bt hp php v NAN c tr v.
10.5.3. Lnh MOD:
Hnh 2.48. M t lnh
Bng 2.19: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
IN1 and
IN2
Constant
Modun ng vo
OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT. Modun ng ra
FBD LAD
Hnh 2.49. M t lnh
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php EN = 0, chng trnh bt u thc hin lnh
Gi tr u vo IN1 c chia cho IN2 phn d c a ra ng ra OUT.
Nu khng c li xy ra trong qu trnh hot ng ENO ln 1
(ch : IN1, IN2 v OUT phi cng kiu d liu)
Bng 2.20: iu kin m
10.5.4. Lnh NEG (ph nh):
Dng o ngc cc k t s hc ng vo IN v lu tr kt qu
OUT.
Hnh 2.50. M t lnh
Bng 2.21: cc thng s
Trng thi ENO iu kin
1 Khng c li
0 Gi tr IN2=0(chia cho 0), ng ra OUT bng 0.
Thng s D liu M t
IN SINT, INT, DINT, REAL, LREAL
Constant
Ng vo
OUT SINT, INT, DINT, REAL, LREAL Ng ra
Hnh 2.51. M t lnh
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh bt u hot ng. gi tr
ng vo IN b o ngc v kt qu a ra OUT. Nu khng c li trong
qu trnh x l ENO ln 1.
Bng 2.22: iu kin m
Trng thi ENO iu kin
1 Khng c li
0 Gi tr kt qu khng hp l
Ch : cc tham s IN v OUT phi cng kiu d liu.
10.5.5. Lnh tng - gim(Increment and Decrement):
INC: IN / OUT + 1 = IN / OUT : dng tng mt hoc nhiu s nguyn.
DEC: IN / OUT - 1 = IN / OUT : dng gim mt hoc nhiu s nguyn.
Hnh 2.52. M t lnh
Bng 2.23: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
LAD FBD
IN / OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT. Ng vo / ng ra
Hnh 2.53. M t lnh
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh c thc thi. Gi tr ng
vo c tng (hoc gim) 1. Gi tr ENO c set ln 1.
Bng 2.24: iu kin m
10.5.6. Lnh trtuyt i (Abaolute value):
Hnh 2.54. M t lnh
Bng 2.25: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
IN Sint, int, dint, real. Lreal Ng vo
OUT Sint, int, dint, real. Lreal Ng ra
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin
1 Khng c li
0 Gi tr kt qu l ngoi phm vi s hp l ca cc kiu d liu
c chn.
V d cho Sint: INC (127) kt qu -128 vt qu cc kiu d
liu ti a
Hnh 2.55. M t lnh
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php ON, chng trnh bt u c thc hin. Gi tr
ng vo c ly gi tr tuyt i, kt qu a ra OUT. Nu khng c li
trong qu trnh hot ng ENO c t ln 1.
Bng 2.26:iu kin m
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin
1 Khng c li
0
Gi tr kt qu l ngoi phm vi s hp l ca cc kiu d
liu c chn.
V d cho Sint: ABS (-128) trong 128 kt qu vt qu mc
ti a kiu d liu
Ch :
Ng vo v ng ra phi cng kiu d liu.
10.5.7. MIN and MAX:
MIN: so snh cc gi tr ca hai tham s IN1 v IN2 v a gi tr nh
hn ra tham s OUT.
MAX: so snh cc gi tr ca hai tham s IN1 v IN2 v a gi tr ln
hn ra tham s OUT.
Hnh 2.56. M t lnh
Bng 2.27: cc thng s
Thng
s
D liu M t
IN1, IN2 Sint, Int, Dint, Usint, Uint Real, Lreal,
Constant
Tham s ng vo
OUT Sint, Int, Dint, Udint, Usint, Uint, Real Tham s ng ra
Hnh 2.57. M t lnh
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh bt u hot ng. Hot
ng so snh hai gi tr ng vo IN1 v IN2, chn gi tr nh hn (hoc
ln hn). Kt qu a ra ng ra OUT. Nu trong qu trnh hot ng
khng xy ra li ENO c t ln 1.
Bng 2.28: iu kin m
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin
1 Khng c li
0 Ch i vi kiu d liu Real:
Mt hoc c hai tham s u vo khng phi l
s REAL(NAN).
Kt qu OUT l +/- v cng (INF).
10.5.8. LIMIT(gii hn):
S dng lnh LIMIT kim tra tham s IN:
Nu gi tr ca tham s IN l trong phm vi quy nh
(MIN<IN<MAX), th gi tr gi tr ca IN c lu tr trong tham s
OUT.
Nu gi tr ca tham s IN l ngoi phm vi quy nh
(MIN<IN<MAX), th gi tr OUT l gi tr ca tham s MIN (nu gi
tr IN nh hn gi tr MIN) hoc l gi tr ca tham s MAX (nu gi
tr IN ln hn gi tr MAX).
Hnh 2.58. M t lnh
Bng 2.29: cc thng s
Thng s D liu M t
MIN, IN and
MAX
Sint, Int, Dint, Usint, Uint
Real, Constant
Cc tham s ng
vo
OUT Sint, Int, Dint, Usint, Uint
Real
Tham s ng ra
Hnh 2.59. M t lnh
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, hot ng so snh bt u. Nu gi tr
tham s IN nm trong phm vi quy nh (MIN < IN < MAX) th gi tr IN
c lu tr OUT. Nu gi tr tham s IN nm ngoi phm vi quy nh,
th gi tr OUT l gi tr ca tham s MIN (nu gi tr IN nh hn gi tr
MIN) hoc l gi tr ca tham s MAX (nu gi tr IN ln hn gi tr MAX).
ENO c t ln 1.
Bng 2.30:iu kin m
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin
1 Khng c li
0
REAL: nu mt hoc nhiu gi tr MIN, IN v MAX khng
phi l s (NAN), sau NAN c tr v.
0
Nu gi tr MIN ln hn gi tr MAX, th tham s IN c
a ra OUT.
Ch : cc tham s MIN, IN, MAX and OUT phi cng kiu d liu.
10.5.9. FLOATING POINT:
o SQR: bnh phng (IN^2 = OUT).
o SQRT: cn bc hai (IN = OUT).
o LN: Hm logarit (LN(IN) = OUT).
o EXP: Hm m (e^IN = OUT).
o SIN: sine (sin(IN) = OUT).
o COS: Cosine (cos(IN) = OUT).
o TAN: Tangent (tan(IN) = OUT).
o ASIN: nghch o ca sine (arsine(IN) = OUT, sin(OUT) = IN).
o ACOS: Nghch o ca cosine (arccos(IN) = OUT, cos(OUT) = IN).
o ATAN: Nghch o ca tangent (arctan(IN) = OUT, tan(OUT) = IN).
o FRAC: Phn s (Phn s mt phn ca du chm ng IN = OUT).
o EXPT: Tng s m (IN1^IN2 = OUT).
10.6. Lnh dch chuyn nh.
Quy nh cho cc hot ng sao chp d liu:
- sao chp cc kiu d liu BOOL, s dng SET_BF, RESET_BF, R,
S, hoc u ra cun dy.
- sao chp cc kiu d liu n, s dng lnh MOVE.
- sao chp mt mng ca mt kiu d liu c bn, s dng
MOVE_BLK hoc UMOVE_BLK.
- sao chp mt cu trc, s dng MOVE.
- sao chp mt chui, s dng S_CONV.
- sao chp mt k t n trong mt chui, s dng MOVE.
- Cc lnh MOVE_BLK v UMOVE_BLK khng c s dng sao
chp cc mng hoc cu trc cho I,Q hoc b nh M
10.6.1. MOV:
Hnh 2.60. M t lnh
Bng 2.31: cc thng s
Hnh 2.61. M t lnh
M t:
Thng
s
D liu M t
IN
SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT, UDINT, REAL,
LREAL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, CHAR, ARRAY,
STRUCT, DTL, TIME
a ch
ngun
OUT
LREAL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, CHAR, ARRAY,
STRUCT, DTL, TIME
a ch n
FBD
LAD
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, lnh s chuyn ni dung ca nh trong IN
sang nh trong OUT.
10.6.2. MOVE_BLK v UMOVE_BLK:
Hnh 2.62. M t lnh
Bng 2.32: cc thng s
Hnh 2.63. M t lnh
M t:
Khi c tn hiu ng vo cho php, chng trnh s chuyn COUNT ni
dung c v tr bt u IN sang OUT. Nu khng c li trong qu trnh
hot ng ENO c t ln 1.
10.6.3. FILL_BLK v UFILL_BLK:
Thng
s
D liu M t
IN
SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,
UDINT, REAL, BYTE, WORD,
DWORD.
a ch ngun
COUNT
UINT
S lng d liu cn di
chuyn
OUT
DWORD.
a ch n
FBD LAD
Hnh 2.64. M t lnh
Bng 2.33: cc thng s
M t:
Khi c tn hiu ng vo cho php, chng trnh s chuyn COUNT ni
dung c v tr bt u IN sang OUT. Nu khng c li trong qu trnh
hot ng ENO c t ln 1.
10.6.4. SWAP (hon i):
Thng
s
D liu M t
IN
DWORD.
a ch ngun
COUNT
USINT, UINT
S lng d liu cn di
chuyn
OUT
DWORD.
a ch n
FBD
FBD LAD
LAD
Hnh 2.64. M t lnh
Bng 2.34: cc thng s
Thng s Kiu d liu M t
IN WORD, DWORD Byte d liu t.
OUT WORD, DWORD Byte d liu ra.
Hnh 2.66. M t lnh
M t:
Khi co tn hiu ng vo cho php, chng trnh thc hin vic hon i v
tr cc byte v lu tr trong OUT. Nu khng c li trong qu trnh thc
hin ENO c t ln 1.
Hnh 2.67. M t lnh
10.7. Nhm lnh chuyn i:
Hnh 2.64. M t lnh
Bng 2.34: cc thng s
Hnh 2.66. M t lnh
M t:
hin ENO c t ln 1.
Hnh 2.67. M t lnh
Hnh 2.64. M t lnh
Bng 2.34: cc thng s
Hnh 2.66. M t lnh
M t:
hin ENO c t ln 1.
Hnh 2.67. M t lnh
10.7.1. Hmchuyn i:
S dng lnh CONVERT chuyn i mt phn t d liu t mt loi
d liu ny sang loi d liu khc. Nhp vo bn di tn hp v sau
chn cc loi d liu IN v OUT t danh sch th xung.
Hnh 2.68. M t lnh
Bng 2.35: cc thng s
Thng
s
Loi d liu M t
IN
BYTE, WORD, DWORD, REAL, LREAL,
BCD16, BCD32
Gi tr ng vo
OUT
BYTE, WORD, DWORD, REAL, LREAL,
BCD16, BCD32
Gi tr c
chuyn i
M t:
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh bt u thc hin vic
chuyn i . Kt qu c lu OUT, ENO c t ln 1.
Bng 2.36: iu kin m
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin Kt qu ng ra
1 Khng c li Kt qu hp l
0 IN l: + / - INF hoc + / - NAN + / - INF hoc + / - NAN
0 Kt qu vt qu phm vi hp
l cho loi d liu OUT
Ng ra c thit lp
li
10.7.2. Hm ROUND v TRUNC:
- ROUND: Lm trn mt s thc ng vo v chuyn thnh s nguyn
(DINT) ng ra. Nu s l >= 0.5 th gi tr c lm trn ln, ngc li
th lm trn xung.
Hnh 2.67. M t lnh
- TRUNC: Lm trn xung mt s thc ng vo v chuyn thnh s
nguyn (DINT) ng ra.
Hnh 2.69. M t lnh
Bng 2.37: cc thng s
Thng
s
Kiu d liu M t
IN REAL, LREAL Tham s ng vo
OUT SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,
UDINT, REAL, LREAL LREAL
Tham s c lm trn
hoc lm trn xung
Bng 2.38: iu kin m
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin Kt qu OUT
0 IN l + / - INF hoc + / - NAN + / - INF hoc + / -
FBD LAD
FBD LAD
NAN
10.7.3. Hm CEIL v FLOOR (Ceiling and Floor):
- CEIL: Chuyn i mt s thc sang s nguyn nh nht ln hn hoc
bng vi s thc t.
- FLOOR: Chuyn i mt s thc sang s nguyn ln nht nh hn
hoc bng vi s thc t.
Hnh 2.70. M t lnh
Bng 2.39: cc thng s
Bng 2.40: iu kin m
10.7.4. Hm SCALE v NORM (Scales and Normallze):
Thng
s
Kiu d liu M t
IN REAL, LREAL Tham s ng vo
UDINT, REAL, LREAL LREAL
Ng ra c chuyn
i
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin Kt qu OUT
0 IN l + / - INF hoc + / - NAN + / - INF hoc + / -
NAN
SCALE_X: quy m ha cc d liu ng vo, kt qu c lu
OUT
NORM_X: bnh thng ha cc d liu ng vo, kt qu c lu
OUT.
Hnh 2.71. M t lnh
Bng 2.41: cc thng s
Lu :
Tham s VALUE trong lnh SCALE_X c gii hn trong phm vi (0.0
<= value <= 1.0)
Nu tham s VALUE nh hn 0.0 hoc ln hn 1.0:
MIN SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,
UDINT, REAL
Gi tr ng vo
VALUE SCALE_X: REAL
NORM_X: SINT, INT, DINT, USINT,
UINT, UDINT, REAL
Gi tr ng vo quy m
hay bnh thng ha
MAX SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,
UDINT, REAL
Gi tr ti a
OUT SCALE_X :SINT, INT, DINT, USINT,
UINT, UDINT, REAL
NORM_X: REAL
Ng ra c chuyn
i
Gi tr OUT l gi tr ca MIN hoc MAX sao cho ph hp vi kiu d
liu chn. ENO lun ng trong trng hp ny.
Trong trng hp ny gi tr l gi tr trung gian gia MIN v MAX.
ENO lun sai.
Tham s VALUE trong lnh NORM_X c gii hn trong phm vi (MIN
<= VALUE <= MAX)
Nu gi tr VALUE nh hn MIN hoc ln hn MAX th gi tr
0.0 <= OUT <= 1.0. ENO lun ng.
Bng 2.42: iu kin m
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin Kt qu
0 Kt qu vt ngoi phm vi ca
kiu d liu trong OUT
Kt qu trung gian
0 Tham s MAX <= MIN SCALE_X:
0 Tham s VALUE = +/- INF hoc
+/- NAN
VALUE c a ra
OUT
10.8. Cc lnh iu khin chng trnh (program control):
10.8.1. Lnh nhy:
Lnh nhy r nhnh chng trnh n mt on lnh c nh du
bng mt nhn. Khi mt lnh nhy c thc hin, nh ngn xp lun
lun c gi tr 1. Nhn dng nh du v tr cho cc lnh nhy.
- JMP: Nu c dng in qua mt cun dy JMP (LAD), hoc nu u
vo hp JMP l ng (FBD), th chng trnh s thc hin nhy n
mt nhn mi.
- JMPN: Nu khng c dng in qua mt cun dy JMP (LAD), hoc
nu u vo hp JMP l ng (FBD), th chng trnh s thc hin
nhy n mt nhn mi.
- LABEL: im n nhn cho mt JMP hoc JMPN hng dn nhy.
Hnh 2.71. M t lnh
Chng trnh v d:
Hnh 2.72. M t v d
Khi I0.0 =1 chng trnh s nhy n nhn CAS1. I0.4 =1 , Q4.1 c reset.
10.8.2. Lnh RETURN_VALUE(RET):
Hnh 2.73. M t lnh
* Return_value: tham s ca lnh RET
* Ng vo: kiu d liu BOOL
Hnh 2.74. M t lnh
M t:
Khi c dng in qua cun dy RET(LAD) hoc u vo hp RET l
ng(FBD), th chng trnh thc hin khi hin hnh s kt thc im
v d liu vt ra ngoi RET s khng c thc thi.
Nu khi hin hnh l mt OB, cc tham s Return_value c b
qua.
Nu khi hin hnh l mt FC hoc FB, gi tr ca cc tham s
Return_value c thng qua tr li gi l gi tr ENO ca hp gi.
10.9.Nhm lnh ton Logic:
10.9.1. AND, OR v XOR:
Hnh 2.75. M t lnh
Bng 2.43: cc thng s
IN1, IN2 BYTE, WORD, DWORD. Logic ng vo
OUT BYTE, WORD, DWORD. Logic ng ra
La chn tp hp kiu d liu cc thng s IN1, IN2, v OUT phi cng
mt kiu d liu. Cc bit tng ng vi gi tr ca cc thng s IN1 v IN2
c kt hp to ra mt kt qu logic nh phn, ti tham s OUT. Trong
trng hp ny ENO lun lun l TRUE.
10.9.2. Lnh o (INVERT):
Hnh 2.76. M t lnh
Bng 2.44: cc thng s
Thng
s
Kiu d liu M t
IN SINT, INT, DINT, USINT, UINT,
UDINT, BYTE, WORD, DWORD.
Yu t d liu o
ngc.
UDINT, BYTE, WORD, DWORD.
Ng ra c o.
Hnh 2.77. M t lnh
M t:
Khi c tn hiu ng vo cho php, chng trnh s thc hin o gi tr
ng vo IN, kt qu a ra OUT. ENO c t ln 1.
10.9.3. Lnh m ha v gii m (ENCODE and DECODE):
ENCO: M ha mt mu bit cho mt s nh phn.
DECO: Gii m mt s nh phn cho mt mu bit.
Hnh 2.78. M t lnh
Bng 2.45: cc thng s
M t:
- ENCO: Hng dn m ha tham s IN sang s nh phn tng ng
vi v tr ca cc bit quan trng c t IN v tr v kt qu OUT.
Nu tham s IN l 00000001 hoc 00000000, sau gi tr 0 c gn
cho OUT. Nu gi tr ca tham s IN l 00000000, ENO l sai (FALSE).
- DECO: Hng dn gii m mt s nh phn sang tham s IN, bng
cch thit lp v tr bit tng ng trong tham s OUT l 1(tt c cc bit
c t 0). Eno lun lun ng (TRUE). Nu gi tr ca tham s IN vt
ra ngoi phm vi cho php, mt module hot ng gii nn cc bit bn
di:
Phm vi ca tham s IN (DECO):
3 bit IN (gi tr 0-7) c s dng thit lp v tr 1 bit trong mt
byte OUT.
t OUT.
t kp OUT.
IN ENCO:BYTE,WORD,DWORD.
DECO: UNIT.
ENCO: Bit mu m ha.
DECO: Gi tr gii m.
OUT ENCO: INT.
DECO:BYTE, WORD, WORD.
ENCO: gi tr ha m.
DECO: Bit mu gii m
Bng 2.46: iu kin m cho ENCO
DECO IN value DECO OUT value(Decode single bit position)
BYTE OUT (8 bits):
Min.IN 0 00000001
Max.IN 7 10000000
WORD OUT (16 bits):
Min.IN 0 0000000000000001
Max.IN 15 1000000000000000
DWORD OUT (32 bits):
Min.IN 0 00000000000000000000000000000001
Max.IN 31 10000000000000000000000000000000
Trng thi ENO iu kin Kt qu (OUT)
1 Khng c li S bit hp l
0 Ng vo l 0 OUT c t l 0
10.9.4. SEL:
Gn mt trong hai gi tr tham s u vo cho tham s OUT, ty
thuc vo gi tr ca tham s G.
Hnh 2.79. M t lnh
Bng 2.47: cc thng s
Thng
s
Kiu d liu M t
G BOOL FALSE: chn IN0
TRUE: chn IN1
IN0, IN1
REAL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR
Ng vo
OUT
REAL, BYTE, WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR
Ng ra
Hnh 2.80. M t lnh
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh thc hin vic chn
la gi tr. Nu G l TRUE th IN0 c gn cho OUT ngc li th gn IN1
cho OUT. ENO lun lun TRUE trong trng hp ny.
10.9.5. MUX:
Gn mt trong nhiu gi tr ca tham s u vo cho tham s
OUT, ty thuc vo gi tr ca tham s K. Nu gi tr ca tham s K vt
ngoi phm vi hp l, OUT c gn mt gi tr khc.
Hnh 2.81. M t lnh
Bng 2.48: cc thng s
Thng
s
Kiu d liu M t
K UINT 0: chn IN0
Hnh 2.82. M t lnh
Khi ng vo cho php EN ln 1, chng trnh thc hin vic chn
la gi tr. Nu K l TRUE th IN0 c gn cho OUT, nu K l FALSE th
gn IN1 cho OUT. Nu K ngoi phm vi hp l th gn ELSE cho OUT.
ENO = 1 nu chng trnh khng c li.
Bng 2.49: iu kin m
Trng thi
ENO
iu kin Kt qu (OUT)
1 Khng c li Gi tr IN c gn cho OUT
0 K >=IN Khng cung cp s khc: Out
khng i
Cung cp s khc: Out c gn
mt s khc.
10.10. Lnh dch v quay (Shift and Rotate):
10.10.1. Lnh dch (Shift):
1: chn IN1
..........
IN0,
IN1...
BYTE, WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR
Ng vo
ELSE
BYTE,WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR
Gi tr thay th
(ty chn)
OUT
BYTE, WORD, DWORD, TIME, CHAR
Ng ra
S dng lnh SHIFT dch chuyn v tr bit ca tham s IN, ph
thuc vo tham s N. Kt qu c a ra OUT. Tham s N ch nh s
lng v tr bit dch chuyn.
SHR: lnh dch phi.
SHL: lnh dch tri.
Hnh 2.83. M t lnh
Bng 2.50: cc thng s
M t:
N=0, khng c s thay i xy ra v gi tr IN c gn cho OUT.
0 c dch vo v tr cc bit trng.
Nu s lng v tr dch (N) vt qu s lng cc bit cho trong
bng (8 bit cho kiu d liu BYTE, 16 cho WORD v 32 cho DWORD), sau
tt c cc gi tr bit ban u c a ra ngoi v thay th bng s 0 (0
c gn cho OUT).
Eno lun lun TRUE cho cc hot ng dch.
10.10.2. Lnh quay (Rotate):
Dng thay i lun phin cc bit ca tham s IN. Kt qu a
ra OUT. Tham s N xc nh s lng v tr bit quay.
ROL: lnh quay tri.
ROR: lnh quay phi.
IN BYTE, WORD, DWORD Bit mu dng dch
N UNIT S v tr bit cn dch
OUT BYTE, WORD, DWORD Bit mu sau khi dch
Hnh 2.84. M t lnh
Bng 2.51: cc thng s
M t:
i vi N = 0, khng xy ra s thay i v gi tr IN c gn cho Out.
Bit d liu lun phin trong mt mt ca gi tr mc tiu c th lun
phin vo mt khc ca gi tr mc tiu, v vy khng c gi tr bit ban u
b mt.
Nu s lng v tr quay (N) vt qu s lng cc bit cho trong
bng(8 bit cho kiu d liu BYTE, 16 cho WORD v 32 cho DWORD), lnh
quay vn thc hin bnh thng.
Eno lun lun TRUE trong mi hot ng quay.
B.CC LNH M RNG:
10.11. Mt s lnh m rng:
10.11.1. ng h v lch:
10.11.1.1. Ngy v thi gian:
S dng ln lch cho chng trnh v tnh ton thi gian.
T_CONV: Chuyn i cc kiu d liu ca gi tr TIME (TIME - DINT
hoc DINT - TIME).
T_ADD: Cng gi tr TIME v DTL (TIME + TIME = TIME hoc DTL +
TIME = DTL).
Thng s
Kiu d liu M t
IN BYTE, WORD, DWORD Bit mu dng
quay
N UNIT S v tr bit cn quay
OUT BYTE, WORD, DWORD Bit mu sau khi quay
T_SUB: Tr gi tr TIME v gi tr DTL(TIME TIME = TIME hoc DTL
TIME = DTL).
T_DIFF: Cung s khc bit gia hai gi tr DTL nh l gi tr TIME (
DTL DTL = TIME).
Bng 2.52: cc kiu d liu
Kiu d liu Size (bits) Phm vi hp l
TIME 32
Cu trc d liu DTL
Year: UINT 16 1970 - 2554
Month: USINT 8 1 -12
Day: USINT 8 1 31
Weekday: USINT 8 1 = Sunday 7 = Saturday
Hour: USINT 8 0 23
Minute: USINT 8 0 59
Second:USINT 8 0 59
Nanosecond:UDINT 32 0 999,999,999
10.11.1.1.1. T_CONV:
Hnh 2.85. M t lnh
Bng 2.53: cc thng s
IN DINT, TIME Gi tr ng vo
OUT DINT, TIME Gi tr chuyn i
T_CONV (Time convert): Dng chuyn i mt kiu d liu TIME sang
DINT, hoc ngc li.
10.11.1.1.2. T_ADD:
Hnh 2.86. M t lnh
Bng 2.54: cc thng s
T_ADD (Time add): thm vo gi tr u vo IN1(DTL hoc TIME) gi tr
IN2 (TIME). Tham s OUT cung cp kt qu c th l DTL hoc TIME. Hai
gi tr c th cng tn ti:
TIME + TIME = TIME
DTL + TIME = DTL
10.11.1.1.3. T_SUB:
Hnh 2.87. M t lnh
Bng 2.55: cc thng s
IN1 DTL, TIME Gi tr DTL hoc TIME
IN2 TIME Gi tr TIME thm vo
OUT DTL, TIME DTL hoc TIME tng hp
IN1 DTL, TIME Gi tr DTL hoc TIME
IN2 TIME Gi tr TIME tr
OUT DTL, TIME DTL hoc TIME khc bit
T_SUB (Time Subtract): Tr gi tr IN2 (TIME) cho IN1(DTL hoc TIME).
Tham s OUT cung cp gi tr khc bit nh l mt DTL hoc TIME. Hai kiu
d liu c th hot ng l:
TIME - TIME = TIME
DTL - TIME = DTL
10.11.1.1.4. T_DIFF:
Hnh 2.88. M t lnh
Bng 2.56: cc thng s
T_DIFF (Time
Difference): tr gi tr IN2 (DTL) cho IN1 (DTL). Kt qu gn cho OUT. Tham
s OUT cung cp mt gi tr khc bit l gi tr TIME.
DTL - DTL = TIME
iu kin m:
Eno = 1: khng c li xy ra
Eno = 0 v OUT = 0: c li do
Gi tr DTL khng hp l
Gi tr TIME khng hp l
10.11.1.2. Clock:
10.11.1.2.1. WR_SYS_T (Write System Time):
Thit lp b thi gian ca h thng PLC vi gi tr DTL ca tham s IN.
Gi tr thi gian khng bao gm mi gi ti a phng hoc ch tit
kim thi gian.
IN1 DTL Gi tr DTL
IN2 DTL Gi tr DTL tr
OUT TIME TIME mi
Hnh 2.89. M t lnh
Bng 2.57: cc thng s
Tham s RET_VAL:
Li lnh (W#16#....) iu kin
0000 Khng c li
8081 Nm khng hp l
8082 Thng khng hp l
8083 Ngy khng hp l
8084 Thng tin gi khng hp l
8085 Thng tin pht khng hp l
8086 Thng tin giy khng hp l
8087 Thng tin Nano giy khng hp l
80B0 ng h thi gian thc khng thnh cng
10.11.1.2.2. RD_SYS_T (Read System Time):
c thi gian thc t h thng ca PLC. Cc gi tr thi gian khng bao
gm mi gi ti a phng hoc ch tit kim thi gian.
Thng s Loi thng
s
Kiu d
liu
M t
IN IN DTL Thi gian c thit lp trong
ng h ca h thng PLC
RET_VAL OUT INT iu kin thi hnh lnh
Hnh 2.90. M t lnh
Bng 2.58: cc thng s
Tham s RET_VAL:
10.11.1.2.3. RD_LOC_T (Read Local time):
Hnh 2.91. M t lnh
Bng 2.59: cc thng s
Thng s Loi thng
s
Kiu d
liu
M t
OUT OUT DTL Thi gian thc ca h thng PLC.
Li lnh(W#16#...) iu kin
0000 Khng c li
8222 Kt qu vt ngoi phm vi cho php.
8223 Kt qu khng c lu vi kiu d liu quy nh.
Thng s Loi thng
s
Kiu d
liu
M t
M t:
RD_LOC_T(Read Local time): cung cp thi gian a phng cho PLC nh
l loi d liu DTL.
Thi gian a phng c tnh bng cch s dng hiu s mi gi v
thi gian tit kim nh sng c trong ng h ca CPU.
Thi gian tit kim nh sng xc nh cu hnh cc thng, tun, ngy v
gi.
Cu hinh thi gian tiu chun cng quy nh cc thng, tun, ngy v
gi.
Cc mi gi lun lun p dng cho thi gian ca h thng. Thi gian
tit kim nh sng ch p dng khi ch tit kim thi gian c hiu lc.
iu kin m:
Eno = 1 ngha l khng c li xy ra. ENO = 0 c mt li thc thi
xy ra v mt lnh iu kin c cung cp ng ra RET_VAL.
Tham s RET_VAL:
Li lnh(W#16#...) iu kin
0000 Khng c li
8080 Khng c c thi gian a phng
10.11.2. STRING + CHAR:
10.11.2.1. Nhm lnh chuyn i chui
10.11.2.1.1. S_CONV:
10.11.2.1.1.1. S_CONV: chuyn i t chui sang s.
Hnh 2.92. M t lnh
Bng 2.60: cc thng s
OUT OUT DTL Gi a phng
Thng
s
Kiu d liu M t
IN STRING Chui k t nhp vo
OUT STRING, SINT, INT, DINT, USINT,
UINT, UDINT, REAL.
Kt qu gi tr s
M t:
Chuyn i cc tham s chui IN bt u bng k t u tin v tip
tc cho n kt thc ca mt chui, hoc cho n khi k t u tin gp
phi khng phi l k t 0 9, +, -, hoc .. Gi tr kt qu c
cung cp ng ra OUT, sau tham s OUT c t v 0 v ENO l
FALSE. Nu khng, tham s OUT cha mt gi tr hp l v ENO l
TRUE.
Quy tc nh dng chui nhp vo:
Nu mt im thp phn nhp c s dng trong chui IN, phi s
dng k t ..
K t ,, c s dng nh l du phn cch hang ngn pha bn tri
ca im thp phn l c php v b b qua.
Khng gian hng u c b qua.
Ch im c nh l c h tr. Cc k t e v E khng c cng
nhn l k t s m.
Bng 2.61: cc thng s Th d
Chui IN Kiu d liu
OUT
Gi tr OUT ENO
123
INT / DINT
123
TRUE
-00456 -456
123.45 123
+2345 2345
00123AB 123
123 REAL 123.0
123.45 123.45
1.23e-4 1.23
1.23E-4 1.23
12,345.67 12345.67
3.4e39 3.4
-3.4e39 -3.4
1.17549e-38 1.1749
12345 SINT 0
FALSE
A123
N / A
0
0
++123 0
+-123 0
10.11.2.1.1.2. S_CONV: chuyn i t s sang chui.
Hnh 2.93. M t lnh
Bng 2.62: cc thng s
M t:
Gi tr s nguyn, s nguyn khng du hoc du chm ng IN c
chuyn thnh chui k t tng ng OUT. Cc tham s OUT phi c
tham kho chui hp l trc khi c thc thi. Mt chui gi tr bao gm
IN STRING, SINT, INT, DINT,
USINT, UINT, UDINT, REAL.
Gi tr s nhp vo
OUT STRING Kt qu chui k t
chiu di ti a ca byte u tin, di chui k t hin hnh trong byte
th hai v chui hin hnh trong byte k tip. Chuyn i chui thay th cc
k t trong chuyn OUT bt u bng k t u tin v di byte hin
hnh ca chui OUT. Chiu di ti a byte ca chui OUT l khng thay i.
Bao nhiu chui c thay th ph thuc vo kiu d liu ca tham s IN v
gi tr s. S lng k t thay th phi nm trong chiu di chui ca tham
s OUT. Chiu di chui ti a (byte u tin) ca chui OUT c th c
ln hn hoc bng s lng ti a ca chui chuyn i d kin.
Bng 2.63: quy nh di chui k t i a cho tng kiu d liu
Kiu d liu
IN
S lng ti a
ca k t c
chuyn i trong
OUT.
V d Tng chiu di
chui bao gm c
chiu di ti a v
byte hin hnh.
USINT 3 255 5
SINT 4 -128 6
UINT 5 65535 7
INT 6 -32768 8
UDINT 10 4294967295 12
DINT 11 -2147483648 13
Quy tc nh dng chui ng ra:
Gi tr vn bn t tham s OUT khng c s dng k t + hng
u.
im i din c nh c s dng (khng c k t s m).
K t . c s dng i din cho cc im thp phn khi tham s
IN l kiu d liu REAL.
Bng 2.64: cc thng s th d
Gi tr IN Kiu d liu IN Chui OUT ENO
123 UINT 123 TRUE
0 UINT 0
12345678 UDINT 12345678
-INF REAL INF FALSE
+INF REAL INF
NAN REAL NAN
10.11.2.1.2. STRG_VAL:
Hnh 2.94. M t lnh
Bng 2.65: cc thng s
Thng s Loi thng
s
Kiu d liu M t
IN IN STRING Cc chui k t ASCII
chuyn i
FORMAT IN WORD Ty chn nh dng ng ra
P IN_OUT UINT IN: ch s k t u tin
chuyn i (k t u
tin = 1)
OUT: ch s k t tip
theo sau khi chuyn i kt
thc
OUT OUT SINT, INT, DINT,
USINT, UINT,
UDINT, REAL
Gi tr s chuyn i.
M t:
Chuyn i mt k t s cho s nguyn tng ng hoc im i din
ni. Chuyn i bt u trong chui k t IN ti P v tip tc cho n cui
chui, hoc cho n khi k t u tin gp phi khng phi l +, -, ,,
., e, hoc 0 - 9. Kt qu c t ti v tr quy nh ti tham s OUT.
Tham s P cng quay tr li nh l mt s b xung trong chui gc ti v
tr m vic chuyn i chm dt. D liu STRING phi c khi to
trc khi thc hin nh l mt chui gi tr trong b nh.
Tham s STRG_VAL FORMAT:
Tham s FORMAT cho STRG_VAL c nh ngha di y. Cc bit
khng s dng c t v 0:
Bit
16
Bit
8
Bit
7
Bit
0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 f r
f = K hiu nh dng
1= k hiu hm m
0 = k hiu im c nh
r = nh dng im thp phn
1 = , (k t du phy)
0 = . (k t du chm)
Bng 2.66: Tham s FORMAT cho STRG_VAL
FORMAT (W#16#) K hiu nh dng im thp phn i din
0000(mc nh) im c nh .
0001 ,
0002 S m .
0003 ,
0004 to FFFF Gi tr khng hp php
Quy nh cho chuyn i STRG_VAL:
Nu k t du chm . c s dng cho im thp phn, th du phy
, bn tri ca du thp phn c hiu l k t phn cch hng ngn. Cc
k t du phy c chp nhn v c b qua.
Nu k t du phy , c s dng cho im thp phn, th du chm
. bn tri ca du thp phn c hiu l k t phn cch hng ngn. Cc
k t du chm c chp nhn v c b qua.
Khng gian hng u c b qua.
Bng 2.67: cc thng s th d
Chui IN FORMAT
(W#16#...)
Kiu d liu
OUT
Gi tr OUT ENO
123 0000
INT / DINT
123
TRUE
-00456 0000 -456
123.45 0000 123
+2345 0000 2345
00123AB 0000 123
123 000
REAL
123.0
123.45 0000 123.45
1.23e-4 0000 1.23
1.23E-4 0000 1.23
1.23E-4 0002 1.23E-4
12,345.67 0000 12345.67
12,345.67 0001 12.345
3.4e39 0002 +INF
-3.4e39 0002 -INF
1.17549e-
38
0002 0.0
12345 N / A SINT 0
FALSE
A123 N / A
N / A
0
N / A 0
++123 N / A 0
+-123 N / A 0
10.11.2.1.3. VAL_ STRG:
Hnh 2.95. M t lnh
Bng 2.68: cc thng s
Thng s Loi thng
s
Kiu d liu M t
IN IN SINT, INT,
DINT, USINT,
UINT, UDINT,
REAL
Ga tr chuyn i
SIZE IN USINT S k t c ghi vo chui
OUT
PREC IN USINT chnh xc hoc kch
thc. khng bao gm s
lng cc im thp phn
FORMAT IN WORD Ty chn nh dng ng ra
P IN_OUT UINT IN: Ch s cho chui k t
OUT u tin phi c
thay th (k t u = 1)
OUT: Ch s chui k t
OUT tip theo sau khi thay
th
OUT OUT STRING Chui chuyn i
M t:
Chuyn i mt s nguyn, s nguyn khng du hoc du chm
ng thnh cc k t tng ng vi chui i din. Gi tr c i din
bi tham s IN chuyn i thnh mt chui tham chiu bi tham s OUT.
Cc tham s OUT phi l mt chui hp l trc khi lnh chuyn i
c thc hin. Chui k s thay th cc k t trong OUT chui bt u
t k t b p s P vi s k t c quy nh bi tham s SIZE. S
lng k t trong SIZE phi nm trong di chui OUT k t v tr k t
P.
Thng s PREC quy nh c th chnh xc s lng ch s cho
cc phn phn on trong chui. Nu gi tr tham s IN l s nguyn, th
PREC quy nh c th v tr ca im thp phn. V d: nu gi tr d liu
l 123 v PREC = 1, th kt qu PREC l 12,3. H tr ti a chnh xc
cho kiu d liu REAL l 7 ch s.
Nu tham s P ln hn kch thc hin ti ca chui OUT, sau
cc khng gian c thm vo, ln v tr ca P, v kt qu c ni vo
cui ca chui. chuyn i kt thc nu chui OUT t c chiu di ti
a.
Tham s VAL_STRG FORMAT:
Tham s FORMAT cho VAL_ STRG c nh ngha di y.
Cc bit khng s dng c t v 0:
s = s k t nhp vo.
1 = s dng k t + v -
0 = s dng k t -
f = k hiu nh dng
1 = k hiu hm m
Bit
16
Bit
8
Bit
7
Bit
0
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 s f r
0 = k hiu im c nh
r = nh dng im thp phn
1 = ,
0 = .
Bng 2.69: Tham s FORMAT cho VAL_ STRG
FORMAT(W#16#) S k t nhp K hiu nh
dng
im thp
phn i
din
0000 Ch - im c nh .
0001 ,
0002 Hm m .
0003 ,
0004 + v - im c nh .
0005 ,
0006 Hm m .
0007 ,
0008 to FFFF Gi tr khng hp l
Quy tc nh dng chui tham s OUT:
K t hng u ca khng gian c thm vo mt phn tn cng
bn tri ca chui khi chuyn i chui nh hn kch thc quy nh.
Khi tham s FORMAT nhp vo bit FALSE, khng nh du v k kt
cc gi tr d liu s nguyn c ghi vo b m ng ra m khng c k t
+ u hng. K t - c s dng nu c yu cu.
<leading spaces><digits without zeroes>.<PREC digits>
Khi bit nhp vo l TRUE,khng nh du hoc k kt cc kiu d liu
s nguyn c ghi vo b m ng ra lun lun vi mt k t u hng.
<leading spaces><sign><digits without zeroes>.<PREC digits>
Khi FORMAT c thit lp k hiu l hm m. Gi tr d liu s thc
c ghi vo b m ng ra nh:
<leading spaces><sign><digit>.<PREC digits>E<sign><digits without
leading zero>
Khi FORMAT c thit lp k hiu l im c nh, s nguyn,
unsigned integer, v gi tr loi d liu s thc vo b m ng ra nh:
<leading spaces><sign><digits without leading zeroes>.<PREC digits>
S 0 hng u bn tri ca im thp phn(ngoi tr ch s lin k im
thp phn) l b chn li.
Cc gi tr bn phi ca im thp phn c lm trn ph hp vi s
lng cc ch s bn phi ca im thp phn c ch nh bi cc
tham s PREC.
Kch thc ca chui ng ra ti thiu l 3 byte nhiu hn s lng ch s
bn phi ca im thp phn.
iu kin m:
Khi gp phi li trong hot ng chuyn i th:
Eno c t v 0
OUT c t v 0 hoc khng thay
i.
Bng 2.70: iu kin m
Trng thi ENO M t
1 Khng c li
0 Khng c php hoc tham s khng hp l; v d
truy cp n mt DB khng tn ti
0 Chui khng hp php khi gi tr ln nht ca chui l 0
-255
0 Chui khng hp php khi chui hin hnh ln hn
chiu di ti a cho php
0 S lng gi tr chuyn i qu ln cho kiu d liu
OUT quy nh.
0 Kch thc ti a ca tham s chui OUT phi ln
chp nhn cc k t c quy nh bi SIZE, bt
u t v tr tham s P
0 P khng ng khi gi tr P = 0 hoc P ln hn chiu di
chui hin ti.
0 Tham s SIZE phi ln hn tham s PREC.
Bng 2.71:Th d:
Cc th d da trn mt chui OUT khi to nh sau:
current temp = xxxxxxxxx C; vi x l cc k t i din cho cc k t
khng gian phn b cho cc gi tr chuyn i.
Gi tr IN Kiu d
liu
P SIZE FORMAT
(W#16#..)
PREC Chui OUT ENO
123 UINT 16 10 0000 0 Current Temp = xxxx123 C
TRUE
0 UINT 16 10 0000 2 Current Temp = xxxx0.00 C
12345678 UDINT 16 10 0000 3 Current Temp =
xxxx12345.678 C
12345678 UDINT 16 10 0001 3 Current Temp =
xxxx12345,678 C
123 INT 16 10 0004 0 Current Temp = xxxx+123 C
-123 INT 16 10 0004 0 Current Temp = xxxx-123 C
-0.00123 REAL 16 10 0004 4 Current Temp = xxxx-0.0012 C
-0.00123 REAL 16 10 0006 4 Current Temp = -1.2300E-3 C
-INF REAL 16 10 N / A 4 Current Temp = xxxx-INF C
FALSE
+INF REAL 16 10 N / A 4 Current Temp = xxxx+INF C
NAN REAL 16 10 N / A 4 Current Temp = xxxxNAN C
12345678 UDINT 16 6 N / A 3 Current Temp = xxxx C
X: khong trng
-/+INF: m/dng v hn
NAN: hot ng ton khng hp l
10.11.2.2. Nhm lnh hot ng chui:
LEN
Hnh 2.96. M t lnh
Bng 2.72: Cc thng s
Thng s Loi thng s Kiu d liu M t
IN IN STRING Chui nhp vo
OUT OUT USINT S k t hp l ca chui IN
o chiu di ca chui hin ti ti ng ra OUT. ENO lun lun TRUE
trong trng hp ny.
CONCAT
Hnh 2.97. M t lnh
Bng 2.73: Cc thng s
Ghp hai chui ng vo thnh mt chui mi, kt qu gn cho OUT. Sau
khi ghp chui 1 bn tri v chui 2 bn phi. nu chui kt hp di hn
chiu di ti a, chui kt qu c gii hn chiu di ti a v ENO c
t v 0.
Bng 2.74: iu kin m ENO
ENO iu kin OUT
IN1 IN STRING Chui nhp vo th 1
IN2 IN STRING Chui nhp vo th 2
OUT OUT STRING Ghp (chuooix1 + chui 2)
1 Khng pht hin li K t hp l
0 Chui khng hp l Chiu di hin ti
c t xung 0 Chiu di ca IN1, IN2 v OUT khng hp l
Chiu di ca IN1, IN2 v OUT l 0 hoc 255
Kt qu sau khi ghp chui ln hn so vi
di ti a ca OUT
Kt qu l chuooic k
t c sao chp cho
n khi t chiu di
ti a ca OUT.
LEFT
Hnh 2.98. M t lnh
Bng 2.75: Cc thng s
Cung cp L k t u tin ca chui IN
Nu L ln hn chiu di hin hnh ca chui IN, ton b chui IN
c gn cho OUT
Nu chui IN rng, th chui OUT l chui rng
Nu L l s m hay 0, chui rng c gn cho OUT v ENO c
t v 0.
N IN STRING Chui nhp vo
L IN INT S k t c trch
OUT OUT STRING Chui ng ra
ENO iu kin OUT
0 Chui khng hp l Chiu di hin ti c
RIGHT
Hnh 2.99. M t lnh
Bng 2.77: Cc thng s
Cung cp L k t cui cng ca chui.
Nu L ln hn chiu di chui hin hnh ca chui IN, ton b chui
IN c tr v cho tham s OUT.
Nu chui IN rng, mt chui rng tr v cho OUT.
Nu L l s m hay 0, chui rng c tr v cho OUT v ENO c
t xung 0
Bng 2.78: iu kin m ENO:
Chiu di ca IN1 hoc OUT khng hp
l
t xung 0
L <= 0
Chiu di ca IN1 hoc OUT l 0 hoc
255(chui khng hp l)
Chiu di chui con (L) ln hn so vi
di ti a ca OUT
K t c sao chp
n khi t chiu di ti
a ca OUT.
ENO iu kin OUT
MID
Bng 2.79: Cc thng s
Cung cp phn gia ca chui, cc chui con l chiu di L k t v bt
u t v tr k t P.
Nu tng chiu di ca L v P vt qu chiu di hin ti ca chui
IN, mt chui con c c tr v bt u t v tr k t P n ht
chui IN.
Nu v tr k t P nm ngoi chiu di chui IN, th chui rng c tr
v cho OUT v ENO c t xung 0.
Nu cc thng s L v P l bng 0 hay s m, chui rng c tr v
OUT v ENO c t xung 0.
t xung 0 Chiu di ca IN1 hoc OUT khng hp
l
L <= 0
255(chui khng hp l)
di ti a ca OUT
K t c sao chp
n khi t chiu di ti
a ca OUT.
P IN INT V tr u tin ca
chui c trch
DELETE
Xa L k t ca chui IN. Xa k t bt u t v tr k t P, v chui con
l phn cn li cung cp cho OUT.
Nu L = 0. Chui IN c gn cho OUT v ENO l TRUE.
Nu P ln hn di chui hin ti, chui IN c gn cho OUT v
ENO = FALSE.
ENO iu kin OUT
t xung 0 Chiu di ca IN1 hoc OUT khng hp
l
L <= 0 hoc P <= 0
P ln hn chiu di ti a ca IN
255(chui khng hp l)
di ti a ca OUT
K t c sao chp
n khi t chiu di ti
a ca OUT.
L IN INT S k t c xa
P IN INT V tr k t u tin
c xa.
Nu tng L v P ln hn chiu di chui hin ti, chui c xa hon
ton.
Nu L l m hay P bng 0 hoc m, chui rng c gn cho OUT.
ENO = FALSE.
INSERT
Hnh 2.100. M t lnh
Bng 2.82: Cc thng s
ENO iu kin OUT
0 P ln hn chiu di ti a ca IN IN c sao chp vo
OUT khng c k t b
xa
Chui khng hp l Chiu di hin ti c
t xung 0 Chiu di ti a ca IN hoc OUT khng
hp l
L <= 0 hoc P <= 0
255(chui khng hp l)
Chiu di chui kt qu sau khi b xa
ln hn chiu di ti a ca chui OUT
K t c sao chp
n khi t chiu di ti
a ca OUT.
IN1 IN STRING Chui k t
Chn chui IN2 vo chui IN1, bt u chn sau v tr k t P.
Nu P ln hn di chui IN1, chui IN2 c ni vo chui IN1 v
ENO = FALSE
Nu P l s m hay 0, chui rng c tr v cho OUT v ENO =
FALSE.
Nu chiu di chui kt qu di hn chiu di ti a cho php ca
tham s OUT, chui kt c gii hn bi chiu di ti a ca tham
s OUT v ENO = FALSE.
IN2 IN STRING Chui chn
P IN INT V tr chn
OUT OUT STRING Chui kt qu
ENO iu kin OUT
0 P ln hn chiu di ca IN1 IN2 c ni vi IN1
sau k t cui cng
ca chui IN1
P <= 0 Chiu di hin ti c
t xung 0 Chui vo khng hp l
Chiu di ln nht ca IN1, IN2 hoc
OUT khng hp l.
Chiu di ca IN1, IN2 hoc OUT l 0
hoc 255(chui khng hp l)
Chiu di chui kt qu sau khi chn
ln hn chiu di ti a ca chui OUT
K t c sao chp
n khi t chiu di ti
a ca OUT.
10.11.3. GET_ERROR:
Hnh 2.101. M t lnh
Bng 2.84: Cc thng s
ERROR ErrorStruct Li cu trc d liu
Bng 2.85: Kiu d liu ErrorStruct
Nguyn tc hot ng:
Theo mc nh, PLC s ngn chn mt li thc hin bng cch ng
nhp mt li trong m chun on v chuyn sang ch STOP. Tuy
nhin, nu dng lnh GetError trong mt khi m lnh. Khi ny thc
hin vic thit lp x l li trong khi. Trong trng hp ny, PLC
khng ng nhp li vo m chun on v khng chuyn sang ch
STOP. Thay vo , nhng thng tin li c chuyn n ng ra ca
GetError. Thng thng li u tin l quan trng nht, cc li pha sau
l hu qu ca li u tin.
Vic thc hin u tin ca lnh GetError trong khi tr v
Hnh 2.102. M t lnh
M t:
Khi c li xy ra, lnh GetError tr thng tin li v cho cc a ch to
ra #error cu trc ti u ra ERROR. Cc thng tin v loi li c chuyn
i v nh gi bng hot ng so snh ==, gi tr u tin l loi li c
tr v v gi tr th hai l gi tr 1 c lu trong th "substitute". Nu li
ny l li c v iu kin so snh l TRUE, ng ra #out v OK c t
xung 0.
* Lnh giao tip (communications)
10.11.4. TSEND_C:
Hnh 2.103. M t lnh
Bng 2.86: Cc thng s
Chng ta c th kim tra trng thi lm vic vi cc thng s BUSY, DONE,
ERROR v STATUS. Cc tham s BUSY ch tnh trng x l. Vi tham s
DONE, chng ta c th kim tra mt cng vic c c thc hin thnh
cng hay khng? Cc tham s ERROR c thit lp khi li xy ra trong
qu trnh thc hin lnh TSEND_C. Cc thng tin li l ng ra ca tham s
STATUS.
Bng 2.87: Cc thng s DONE, BUSY v ERROR:
Bng 2.88: Cc thng s ERROR v STATUS
M t:
TSEND_C l khng ng b v c cc chc nng sau y:
Ci t v thit lp kt ni truyn thng:
TSEND_C ci t mt TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) hoc
ISO-on-TCP (ISO l vit tt ca International Organization for
Standardization) v thit lp n. Sau khi kt ni c ci t v thit
lp, n s t ng c duy tr v gim st bi CPU (Central
Processing Unit). Thng s CONNECT c s dng thit lp kt
ni truyn thng, cc thng s CONT c t ln gi tr 1. Khi mt
kt ni c thc hin thnh cng thng s DONE cho chu k qut t
ln 1.
Khi CPU chuyn sang ch STOP kt ni hin ti kt thc v
thit lp kt ni b loi b. TSEND_C phi c thc hin li kt ni
c hiu lc.
Truyn d liu qua kt ni truyn thng hin c:
Thng s DATA ch khu vc c gi bao gm c a ch v
di ca d liu c truyn i. Khi pht hin c mt xung cnh ln
REQ vic truyn s c thc hin. Thng s LEN ch nh s lng
ti a cc byte gi i vi mt ln truyn. Cc d liu truyn khng
c chnh sa cho n khi vic truyn hon thnh. Nu thc hin
thnh cng, thng s DONE c thit lp gi tr 1.
Kt thc kt ni truyn thng:
Khi tn hiu CONT c gi tr 0 kt ni truyn thng kt thc. Khi
tn hiu COM_RST c gi tr 1, TSEND_C chm dt kt ni v d liu
ang truyn s b mt.
10.11.5. TRCV_C:
Hnh 2.104. M t lnh
Bng 2.89: Cc thng s
Tng t lnh TSEND_C chng ta cng c th kim tra trng thi lm
vic vi cc thng s BUSY, DONE, ERROR v STATUS. Cc tham s
BUSY ch tnh trng x l. Vi tham s DONE, chng ta c th kim tra mt
cng vic c c thc hin thnh cng hay khng? Cc tham s ERROR
c thit lp khi li xy ra trong qu trnh thc hin lnh TSEND_C. Cc
thng tin li l ng ra ca tham s STATUS
Bng 2.90: Cc thng s DONE, BUSY v ERROR:
Bng 2.91: Cc thng s ERROR v STATUS:
M t:
TRCV_C l khng ng b v c cc chc nng sau y:
Ci t v thit lp kt ni truyn thng:
TRCV_C ci t mt TCP(Transmission Control Protocol) hoc ISO-on-
TCP (ISO l vit tt ca International Organization for Standardization) v thit lp n.
Sau khi kt ni c ci t v thit lp, n s t ng c duy tr v
gim st bi CPU (Central Processing Unit). Thng s CONNECT c s
dng thit lp kt ni truyn thng, cc thng s CONT c t ln
gi tr 1. Khi mt kt ni c thc hin thnh cng thng s DONE
cho chu k qut t ln 1.
Khi CPU chuyn sang ch STOP kt ni hin ti kt thc v
thit lp kt ni b loi b. TRCV_C phi c thc hin li kt ni
c hiu lc.
Nhn d liu qua kt ni truyn thng hin c:
Khi tn hiu EN_R c thit lp ln 1, bt u nhn cc d
liu. cc d liu nhn c nhp vo khu vc tip nhn. di ca
khu vc tip nhn ph thuc vo cc bin th giao thc c s dng
hoc thng s LEN (nu LEN <>0) hoc thng tin chiu di ca thng
s DATA (nu LEN = 0). Sau khi d liu c nhn thnh cng, tnh
trng tn hiu thng s DONE c gi tr l 1. Nu c li trong qu trnh
truyn d liu, thng s DONE c gi tr l 0.
Chm dt kt ni truyn thng:
Cc kt ni truyn thng kt thc khi cc thng s CONT c
thit lp l 0. Khi tn hiu COM_RST c gi tr 1, TRCV_C chm dt
kt ni v d liu ang nhn s b mt.
Bng 2.92: Ch tip nhn d liu ca TRCV_C:
10.11.6. PID_Compact.
Hnh 2.105. M t lnh
Bng 2.93: Cc thng s
Bng 2.94: Ch hot ng:
Phng thc hot ng M t
Khng hot ng Khi chng trnh c ti xung CPU ln
u tin cc PID_Compact c cu
hnh. B iu khin PID vn ch
khng hot ng, trong trng hp ny
ch t iu chnh trong qu trnh khi
ng c thc hin trong ca s hot
ng.
Trong qu trnh hot ng khi c li xy ra
hot controller stop , b iu khin PID
chuyn sang ch i ngng hot ng.
T iu chnh trong qu
trnh khi ng / t iu
chnh ti cc im khi
ng
Vic t iu chnh trong qu trnh khi
ng hay t iu chnh ti im hot
ng c thc thi khi hm ny c gi
trong ca s lnh.
Ch t ng Trong ch t ng, cc PID_Compact
l cng ngh chnh sa i tng cc vng
iu khin theo thng s xc nh. Nhng
thay i iu khin trong ch t ng
c thc thi khi tha cc iu kin sau:
Ch t iu chnh trong qu trnh
khi ng c hon tt.
Ch t iu chnh ti im hot
ng c hon tt.
Nu hp kim tra Use manual PID
parameters chn cc thng s PID trong
ca s cu hnh. Cc "sRet.i_Mode" c
thit lp gi tr 3.
Ch bng tay Cc bin thao tc c th c thit lp
bng tay nu b iu khin PID c vn
hnh ch bng tay.
Ch dung tay c th c chn nh
sau:
Chn gi tr TRUE ti tham s
Manual Enable
Chn
Manual manipulated variable trong
ca s hin hnh.
10.11.7. Cc lnh v ngt.
10.11.7.1. ATTACH
Hnh 2.106. M t lnh
Bng 2.95: Cc thng s
OB_NR
IN
OB_ATT Khi t chc
EVENT EVENT_ATT S kin ngt
ADD BOOL ADD = 0 (mc nh)-
s kin ny thay th
tt c tp hp trc
cho OB
ADD = 1 - S kin ny
c thm vo tp
hp trc cho OB.
RET_VAL OUT INT Tnh trng ch th
Bng 2.96: Tham s RET_VAL:
RET_VAL iu kin
0 Khng c li
8090 OB khng tn ti
8091 OB l khng ng
8093 S kin ngt khng tn ti
10.11.7.2. DETACH
Hnh 2.107. M t lnh
Bng 2.97: Cc thng s
Bng 2.98: Tham s RET_VAL
RET_VAL iu kin
0 Khng c li
1 Khng tn ti phn chia
8090 OB khng tn ti
8091 OB l khng ng
8093 S kin cm ngt khng tn ti
10.11.8. Lnh v xung: CTRL_PWM
Hnh 2.108. M t lnh
OB_NR IN OB_ATT Khi t chc
EVENT IN EVENT_ATT S kin cm ngt
RET_VAL OUT INT Tnh trng ch th
Bng 2.99: Cc thng s
Thng s Loi
thng s
Kiu
d liu
Gi tr
ban
u
M t
PWM IN WORD 0 PWM nh danh:
Tn ca my pht xung s
c kch hot tr thnh th
trong cc hng s bng Tag
v s c sn s dng nh
l tham s PWM
ENABLE IN BOOL 0 1 = bt u to ra xung
0 = ngng to ra xung
BUSY OUT BOOL Chc nng bn rn
STATUS OUT WORD 0 iu kin thc hin m
Hot ng:
Mt khi d liu (DB) c s dng bi lnh CTRL_PWM lu tr
thng tin s. Khi t lnh CTRL_PWM vo trnh son tho chng trnh,
mt DB s c ch nh. Cc khi d liu khng thay i thng s mt
cch ring bit, m c iu khin bi CTRL_PWM.
Khi ng vo cho php EN l TRUE, CTRL_PWM bt u hoc kt thc
ty thuc vo gi tr ca thng s ENABLE, chiu rng ca xung c xc
nh bi gi tr ca a ch Q lin kt xut t ng ra.
Trong qu trnh thc thi lnh CTRL_PWM, tham s BUSY lun lun
FALSE. Nu pht hin li trong qu trnh hot ng, ENO c thit lp l
FALSE v STATUS cha tham s trng thi m.
Bng 2.100: Cc Trng thi m:
Gi tr STATUS iu kin
0 Khng c li
80A1 PWM nh danh mt a ch khng hp l PWM.
Chng II: Lp trnh ng dng PLC S7 1200
1. ng dng 1: iu khin bng truyn ng gi tri cy.
Hnh 3.1. M t h thng
a. M t hot ng ca h thng.
Khi n START hay I0.0 = 1, bng truyn hp s di chuyn. Nh cm
bin v tr, bng truyn hp dng li khi hp vo ng v tr. Mch m
s hp hot ng (s hp c th t trc). Sau bng truyn tri cy
s di chuyn cc tri cy s ri vo hp. Cm bin th hai s n ng 3
qu (s tri cy c th t trc), bng truyn tri cy s dng v bng
truyn hp li bt u di chuyn. H thng lp i lp li cho n khi m
s hp t trc hoc nt STOP c n hay I0.1 = 1.
Trong khi h thng ang hot ng n nt RESET (I0.2 =1) h thng s
chy li t u.
b. Yu cu phn cng.
- i vi h thng ng gi tri cy c nu phn a. , cn c
hai b cm bin xc nh v tr hp v cm bin c tri cy. xc
nh v tr v tr hp v xc nh c tri cy ngi ta c th dng nhiu loi
cm bin khc nhau. Tuy nhin trong phn bo co ny, cm bin hng
ngoi c s dng xc nh s tri cy v v tr hp.
- C cu truyn ng: c nhiu phng n nh dng ng c,
dng kh nn, thy lc...Trong bi ny, ng c DC c s dng
vn hnh bng truyn.
c. S u dy.
S kt ni cc I/O ca PLC c trnh by trong (Hinh c).
Hinh 3.2 S kt ni PLC vi cc bng truyn v cc nt n.
Trong cc s hiu ca PLC c qui nh trong bng sau:
Ng vo Ng ra
I0.0 Nt n start Q0.0 Bng truyn hp
I0.1 Nt n stop Q0.1 Bng truyn tri cy
I0.2 Nt Reset
I0.3 Cm bin hp
I0.4 Cm bin s tri cy
d. S thit k phn cng.
Mch cm bin:
Hinh 3.3. S mch cm bin hng ngoi
Mch cm bin v tr hp v cm bin c tri cy c by trnh trong
(hnh d.1)
Trong :
o D1: led pht hng ngoi.
o D2: led thu hng ngoi.
o D3: Diode bo v transistor Q1A
o VR: bin tr chnh nhy ca cm bin.
B cm bin hot ng theo kiu thu pht thu x. Tc l led pht
v led thu hng ngoi c t i xng vi nhau. Bnh thng led thu
nhn nh sng hng ngoi t led pht kch transistor Q1A dn, kch
Relay bt sang v tr 4, ng ra OUT mc 0. Khi c hp hoc tri cy n
lm cho led thu khng nhn c nh sng hng ngoi t led pht lm
cho transistor Q1A ngng dn, kch Relay bt sang v tr 5, ng ra OUT
ln mc 1. Ng ra OUT c ni vo ng vo I0.3 cho cm bin v tr
hp v I0.4 cho cm bin c tri cy.
Mch iu khin tc bng truyn:
- Mch iu khin tc bng truyn c trnh by trong (hinh
d.2). Trong IC LM317 gi vai tr chnh cho vic iu khin bng
truyn theo mun bng cch iu chnh bin tr R2 lm thay i in
th ng ra Vout. in th ny dng cp cho ng c DC hot ng.
VIN c ly t ng ra ca PLC.
Hinh 3.4. Mch iu khin tc ng c.
e. Lu chng trnh.
f. Chng trnh iu khin h thng .
Dng LAD:
Dng FBD:
2. ng dng 2: iu khin h thng trn dung dch.
Hnh 11.2. H thng trn dung dch.
H thng trn dung dch c miu t trong (hnh 11.2). Trong K1 l
motor chit dung dch K1, K2 l motor chit dung dch K2 vo thng T, S1 l
cm bin gii hn di v S2 l cm bin gii hn trn ca bn dung dch
T. K3 l motor khuy trn u dung dch. K4 l van x chit ra bn
khc.
M t hot ng ca h thng:
Khi n Start, motor K1 quay chit dung dch A vo bn T trong khong
thi gian 5s, sau chit dung dch B cho n khi y bn. Nu bn T y,
motor khy K3 s tin hnh khy trong 10s. Sau van x K4 m chit
ht dung dch trong bn T ra mt bn khc. Qu trnh c lp li, dng
khn cp n Stop.
Bng cc qui c ng vo ra.
Ng vo Ng ra
I0.0 Start Q0.0 Motor K1
I0.1 Stop Q0.1 Motor K2
I0.2 Cm bin gii hn trn bn T Q0.2 Motor K3
I0.3 Cm bin gii hn di bn T Q0.3 Vale K4
Chng trnh iu khin h thng.
3. Dng S7 1200 iu khin ng / m ca t ng.
Trong cc x nghip, nh hng, siu th hay trong cc hot ng phc
v cho i sng, sinh hot khc,...Ngi ta cn mt h thng ca t
ng: m khi c ngi (hay xe) v ng khi ngi (hay xe) qua khi.
a. M t hot ng ca h thng:
Ban u ca ang ng, khi c ngi i vo (hoc i ra) chm vo cm
bin trong hay ngoi th cnh ca m ra nh motor quay v bn phi, khi
ca m ra chm vo cm bin gii hn m ca th motor quay ngng
quay lm ca ngng m. Khi khng c ngi i vo (hoc i ra) th ca
ng li nh motor quay v bn tri. Khi ca ng li trm vo cm bin
gii hn ng ca th motor ngng quay lm ca ngng ng, qu trnh
ng m ca c nh vy m tip tc hot ng. Trong trng hp cm
bin mc tc dng th ta c th n SW iu khin bng tay m ca,
sau ca s t ng ng li
Bng qui c cc ng vo v ra.
Ng vo Ng ra
I0.0 Cm bin trong Q0.0 Motor m ca
I0.1 Cm bin ngoi Q0.1 Motor ng ca
I0.2 Cm bin gii hn m ca
I0.3 Cm bin gii hn ng ca
I0.4 SW n iu khin bng tay
b. Chng trnh iu khin h thng.
4. V mt s ng dng khc nh:
ng dng plc trong mng cng nghip, iu khin thang my, h
thng bm nc t ng ....
NHN XT
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PLC s7-1200

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PLC s7-1200

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Nguyn Hong Dng

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