Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Mihaela Patru
LIMBA ENGLEZA
- SUPORT DE CURS PENTRU NVMNT LA DISTAN
Vocabulary
aid = ajutor, mijloc customer = client
goods = mrfuri consumption = consum link = verig, legtur therefore = aadar, deci exchange = schimb domestic trade = comer interior overseas trade = comer exterior wholesale trade = comer angro retail trade=comer cu amnuntul to deal with = a se ocupa cu in addition to = n plus, pe lng to involve = a implica to store = a depozita warehose = depozit
to assist = a ajuta to enable = a da posibilitatea to purchase = a cumpra, a achiziiona order = comand to order = a comanda insurance = asigurare loss = pierdere damage = stricciune shipwreck = naufragiu burglary = spargere, jaf prospective = posibil offer = ofert leaflet = prospect commercial =film de reclam comercial
Exercises 1. Give synonyms for : commerce, commercial, foreign trade, home trade, to provide, to enable, aid, to assist, prospective, customer, link, goods. 2. In each of the following questions there is only one right answer : Mass production is possible only if : a. there is a wide market for increased production b. customers will pay a high price for the product c. the raw materials required are found locally d. a lot of unskilled workers live near the factories. The term producer refers to one who : a. provides raw materials or food b. grows crops or manufactures goods c. adds value to a product d. advertises goods or services for sale. Which one of these statements is false? a. Every stage of production employs commercial services. b. Commercial services cannot begin until the manufacturing processes have been completed. c. If there were no commercial services most goods would not be produced. d. Commercial services add value to products. Which one of these statements is true? a. A wholesaler insists on cash payment from his customers. b. A wholesaler is a connecting link between the retailer and manufacturer. c. A wholesaler deals only with manufactures.
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d. A wholesaler sells cheap goods to the householders on their door steps. 3. Match the following words with their corresponding definition : a. goods a. the moving of the goods from the seller to the buyer b. services b. the amount of money that is made by a business, e.g. when it sells something for more than it costs c. profit c. articles of trade or commerce; wares, merchandise; d. turnover d. the work provided for others as an occupation or a business e. stock e. items(food,clothing)produced for the final consumer f. producer f. items meant to be used in producing other products goods g.consumer g. the rate at which goods are sold and restocked goods h. commodity h any specific market where consumers buy goods i. consumer i. an accumulated supply of goods outlet j. trade j. 1. a raw material( grain, coffee, wool, cotton ) 2. a good regarded in economics as the basis of production and exchange
.. moon rose out of the sea. Is there .. moon tonight? The door opened and .. teacher came in. The door opened and .. headmaster came in. I heard on .. radio that they have come to .. truce. man has called and left .. present for you. moon goes round earth and earth goes round sun. How have myths come into .. world? 5.Supply the necessary article(s): zero, the or a / an: .. verdict has to be unanimous. .. tiger is larger than .. lynx. .. witness may tell only what he himself knows to be true. .. French have good wines. .. leopard is a cat. .. leopard is the fastest cat. Hes wasted his life in search of . unusual. Youre rather partial to .. asparagus, and trout. They have a fine taste in . music and . literature. The responsibility of parents is stressed in the Declaration on the Rights of Child. .. fellow does a lot of crazy things when he has been drinking. .. man has left his imprint here too. What can .. man do when he is cast on a far-off island? .. rich have always exploited poor. 6.Supply the necessary article: zero, a / an: He had served his country as . Minister of Finance and . Ambassador to Finland. She was .. typist by trade. Can you act as . guide? Who is going to hold the office of .. secretary? Be . foster parent ! He had the help of two deputies, the economist Mark Webster, Director of the U.N.Population Division and Roy Wilkins, . Career U.N. officer. You can get a job as .. waiter. Hell be acting the part of .. solicitor next week. The castle in which Mary, .. Queen of Scots was imprisoned is worth a visit. He became .. unwilling sailor. He fully well deserves to be awarded the rank of . general. He spent his adolescence as .. seaman, . prospector and .. fireman.
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He was . firm believer in the triumph of good. He has been elected . President of the Conference. Now hes had a go at solving a difficult case, he might turn detective. I rather doubt hell remain . content accountant all his life. I wont allow you take her for . fool. 7.Translate into English: a.Doctorul Taylor lucreaza intr-un spital londonez langa teatrul Old Vic. b.Mi s-a spus ca azi dimineata s-a facut un anunt special la radio. c.Ii place viata, dar nu a avut o viata prea interesanta. d.Admiram cu totii ordinea si disciplina si detestam haosul si dezordinea. e.Ar trebui sa stai in casa cand vremea e ploioasa. f.Omenirea a visat intotdeauna sa exploreze spatiul cosmic. g.Organizatia Natiunilor Unite urmareste realizarea unitatii intre state si depasirea barierelor pe care le ridica viata politica, diferenta de nationalitate, rasa si cultura. h.Fasolea, oricum ai gati-o, tot gust de fasole are. i.Leul face parte din familia felinelor. j.Cat e ora?
I. Give synonyms for: numberless, cheap, passenger, journey, to depart, to enter, freight, to decide, to have a chance, light. II. Find the definitions(1-6) for each of the words(a-f) below: a. railway 1. US system using trains to carry passengers and goods b. railroad 2. end of a railway line c. railhead 3. B.E. system using trains to carry passengers and goods d. bulk 4. large and awkward e. station 5. large quantity of goods f. bulky 6. place where trains stop for passengers III. Write the plural of: a. match, box, city, hero, country, roof, life, bus, porter, carriage, class. b. man, child, foot, Englishman, advice, information, bred, luggage, gas. c. passer-by, mother-in-law, dining-car. d. datum, formula, crisis, phenomenon. e. cloth, colour, damage, pain. IV. Turn into the plural: 1. The hero of the story is not a very young man. 2. The country has a very vast network of railways. 3. The luggage was placed on the luggage rack. 4. The train usually leaves on time. 5. This passenger carriage is really comfortable. 6. The book you want is on the shelf. 7. I shall keep the key of the box. 8. The passer-by stopped to see what was going on. 9. The formula is correct. 10. The fellow-worker has been highly appreciated. 11. The bench needs fresh painting. 12. They offered to help the old man carry his luggage.
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Investment in a limited company is in the form of shares. Everyone who buys shares in the company is a shareholder. The liability of each share is limited to the amount of ones investment. If you have shares in a company, you have stake or holding in the company. If you hold 20 percent of the shares, you have a 20 percent stakes. If a shareholder has more than 50 percent holding, that person is a majority shareholder and has a majority or controlling interest in the company. A public limited company is normally the largest form of business unit in the privare sector; its share are often quoted on the stock exchange. Most present day public companies were once private, having at one stage gone public with the help of a bank. The big advantage of forming a public limited company is that advertisements may be placed in a financial newspapers inviting the public to apply for shares : a prospectus, as this advertisement is called, give details of the companys past trading record and estimates of future earnings, together with other information required by law. One of the main reasons for small business failure is not managerial incompetence, but inadequate financial planning. Therefore in order to ensure your success you have to learn something about the market you want to enter, the goods and services already existing and you have to understand some basic business and accounting principles. Most probably you will have to employ a skilled person to keep the exact records of your business and possibly to give you some professional advice as well. This means writing down credits and debits, and adding up columns of figures, which is what an accountant does. You will have to know and understand the meaning of some basic accounting jargon such as cash receipts, journal, check register, double entry, FIFO, trial balance. You need all these, as well as financial statements, budgets, cash-flow projections, both to measure the success of your company and to help you make decisions about allocating your resources for future projects.
Vocabulary cash flow = flux de numerar cash receipts journal = jurnal de ncasri n numerar check register = registru de cecuri double entry = partid dubl FIFO ( first in, first out) = metod folosit n inventarierea stocurilor care presupune c cele mai vechi uniti ( primele intrate) sunt primele vndute ( ieite) loan = mprumut overdraft = descoperire n cont trial balance = balan de verificare collateral = garanie suplimentar
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equity capital = capitalul acionarilor gearing = structura de capital; rate de ndatorare liability = rspundere, datorie backer = girant prospectus = prospect, versiune condensat a situaiei de nregistrare a unei companii care furnizeaz informaii asupra hrtiilor de valoare Exercises 1. Fill in the blanks in the following except : The money needed to start a business is called (a) . If you do not have enough ( b) . You may borrow some from the bank in the form of a (c) or an (d) . . Before the bank will give a loan you cannot pay back the money. This is also called (f) . Capital which is borrowed is called (g) . Capital obtained from investors / investments is called (h) or .. . The (j) . between the loan capital and the equity capital determines whether a company has a (k) .. of a (l) . . 2. Complete the following sentences by using the correct form of the words in brackets : a. Its a . morning! We could go for a walk to the shop. (glory) b. Why are you so . of everything your assistant does? (critic) c. I am waiting for a .. opportunity. (favour) d. He is a very . person. (influence) e. Your assignment involved a lot of work, but try to show at least some .. (origin) f. All in all she has a pleasant personality. If only she would be more !(predict) g. Why does your office manager everything I do? (critic) h. Ill pay cash, but only if you can give me a . (receive) i. She is extremely rich. Her . is worth several million pounds. (inherit) j. The job includes some .. duties as well. (manage) 3. Make sentences to point out the difference between the following words : a. borrow lend e. bookkeeper bookmaker b. owe own f. found find c. lose loss loose g. ensure insure assure d. advice advise h. effective - efficient
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C. Comparison of two or more people / things is expressed by the superlative with the in / of : This is the oldest theatre in London. We can express the same idea with never and a comparative : I have never drunk better beer. D. Parallel increase is expressed by the + comparative the + comparative : The bigger this computer is, the better it will be. E. Gradual increase or decrease is expressed by two comparatives joined by and : It is getting colder and colder. F. Like + noun and as + noun : He worked like a slave. (very hard) He worked as a slave. ( He was a slave.) The + adjective with a plural meaning A. blind, deaf, sick, dead, living, rich, poor, unemployed and certain other adjectives describing the human character can be preceded by the and used to represent a class of persons. These expressions have a plural meaning; they take a plural verb : The rich consider themselves superior to the poor. B. The + adjective can occasionally have a singular meaning : the accused (person) Many and much Many(adjective) is used before countable nouns. Much(adjective) is used before uncountable nouns. He didnt make many mistakes. We havent much coffee. They have the same comparative and superlative forms more and most: more mistakes / coffee most men / damage Many and much can be used with how : How many times? How much? Much without how is possible but the other forms are a little more usual : Did you have a lot of snow / much snow last year?
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2. Use big, large, great or tall to describe : a .. man a tree a .. car a mistake a .. flat a building a .. country a friend a .. idea a composer 3. Give the comparative and superlative of the following adjectives : nice, happy, difficult, big, beautiful, fat, good, careful, friendly . 4. What is the corresponding noun for : deep strong wise wide long wrong 5. Choose the right end(s) : 1. shy means a. disposed to avoidance b. short in payment c. noisy 2. free means a. unoccupied b. space c. independent 3. courageous a. indifferent b. brave c. cordial 4. furious a. strange b. full of fury c. very angry 5. strong a. powerful b. restricted c. vigorous 6. Find the missing forms : late, .. , the last
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old, older, .. good, , the best bad, ..., the worst little, . , the least 7. Some of the adjectives in the list below are not synonyms with the adjectives dominant. Find them : preponderent, principal, sovereign, humble, supreme, strong, thankful, paramount. 8. Translate into English : rece ca gheaa alb ca zpada iute ca fulgerul tare ca fierul dulce ca mierea 9. Form adjectives from the following words : honesty value mechanics education remark experience stone peace pity man care dirty read child fault use rain travel 10. Give the comparison degrees of the following adjectives : blue beautiful far crazy pleasant old pretty difficult big ill late 11. Translate into English :
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a.Nu este tot att de drgu ca verioara ei, totui este la fel de inteligent. b. Cu ct suntem mai muli, cu att mai bine. c. Cu ct naintam, drumul devenea din ce n ce mai prost. d. Lacul era limpede ca cristalul. e. Cea mai mare parte a celor prezeni au ovaionat ndelung. f. Se fcea din ce n ce mai ntuneric i de aceea a trebuit s ne ntoarcem acas. g. Era un biat guraliv, dar bun la suflet. h.mi pare teribil de ru c n-a fost bun nici una dintre soluii. i.Sunt foarte surprins c te mai gsesc nc aici. j. Era suficient de detept ca s nu observe nimeni c nu este. k. Viaa fr el este o moarte prematur. l. Cea mai scump bijuterie este inima de aur. 12. Replace the underlined words by their antonyms : a. The days are getting shorter and the nights longer. b. It is hot today. c. The sun rises in the east. d. It is very late. e. That exercise is difficult. f. He is young, tall and strong. g. She is always present. h. Ive got a new, thick dictionary. i. It is a sunny day. j. My watch is slow.
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to weigh and consider. Reading makes a full man, conference a ready man; and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man writes little, he needs to have a great memory; if he confers little he needs to have a present wit.; and if he reads little he needs to have much cunning to seem to know that he does not.
Vocabulary
pastime = distracie, amuzament coin = moned station = post de radio-difuziune leave = concediu wave = und to confute = a combate n discuie means = mijloc to weigh = a cntri loudspeaker = difuzor, megafon to confer = a discuta additional = suplimentar cunning = iretenie sill = pervaz tape recorder = magnetofon to entertain = a amuza, a distra panel discussion=mas rotund range = gam, sortiment quiz show=emisiune concurs interval = pauz to broadcast=a transmite(radio) home economics=economie intern to telecast=a transmite(TV) to find talk and discourse=a gsi motiv de discuie to devote=a acorda to be at an all time high=a fi apreciat n toate ocaziile
Exercises
1. Give the adverbs from the following adjectives : regular, common, good, live, beautiful, happy, hard, near, early. 2. Identify the adverbs in the text and specify every time the type of the adverb used in the text. 3. What would you say if you liked, or disliked, a play, a book, a film, painting, a record or a concert? Make up two lists (+) positive and (-) negative and decide what is being discussed. a. I think its to go to the top. b. I thought it was a bit repetitive actually. c. The last movement was particularly good. d. The first two chapters were rather boring. e. I didnt think that she was right for the part she was playing. f. The use of colour was too lavishly and sometimes really exciting. g. It was rather a lively performance. h. The characters were very true to life. i. The landscapes were fantastic, I thought. j. It was a terrible film, nowhere near as good as the first one.
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(b) Single-syllable adverbs, however, and early add er, est : hard harder hardest early earlier earliest (c) Irregular comparisons : well better best badly worse worst little less least much more most far farther farthest further furthest Much meaning a lot can modify comparative or superlative adjectives and adverbs : much better much more quickly Most placed before an adjective or adverb can mean very.It is mainly used here with adjectives / adverbs of two or more syllables : She behaved most generously. Constructions with comparatives When the same verb is required in both clauses we normally use an auxiliary for the second verb. (a) With the positive form we use as as with an affirmative verb, and as/so as with a negative verb : He doesnt snore as loudly as you do. (b) With the comparative form we use than : He eats more quickly than me. the + comparative . the + comparative is also possible : The earlier you start the sooner you will finish. (c) A superlative( without the) + of all is quite common : He likes swimming best of all. Place of adverbs A. Adverbs of manner (a) They come after the verb or after the object: well, fast, easily, quickly. He speaks slowly. They talked to him frankly (b) Other adverbs of manner are placed before the verb : hardly, nearly, really, almost, simply, probably. He really reads well. He almost fell. She hardly moved.
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B. (a) Adverbs of time and frequency : now, then, often, already, soon, still are placed after the simple tenses of to be, before the simple tenses of all other verbs or after the auxiliary : He is still there. They soon learned to operate the cassette. He has already seen this programme. (b)Adverbs of definite time : yesterday, today, late, tonight, early are usually placed at the very end of the clause : He never comes late. Lets see the new film tomorrow. C. Adverbs of place : there, here, upstairs, somewhere are usually placed after the verb or the object : They are not here. You can meet them upstairs. Order of adverbs when they occur in the same sentence If there are more adverbs in the same sentence their order is : manner, place, time. I talked to him frankly at the meeting last night. ( I-am vorbit sincer la edin seara trecut.) Use of the following adverbs Too + adjective ( in affirmative sentences) : Some English speak too fast for me to understand. Not + adjective + enough ( in negative sentences) : Some English films arent easy enough for me. Rather + adjective expresses a negative idea : Some English films are rather difficult. Quite, extremely, fairly, pretty + adjective express a positive idea : Some English songs are quite easy for me to understand. I find listening to songs pretty entertaining.
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2. Insert the adverbs in the right place : a. To his contemporaries, Defoe appeared as the greatest liar that lived.(ever) b. If I did not express myself it was because I did not wish to hurt her delicacy, or yours.(clearly) c. That world seemed to him something unknown.(strangely) d. I shouldnt mind you seeing him at my uncles.(occasionally) e. What did he hnow of her?(really) f. Had you any trouble in the office? No, sir, you can make enquiry(ever) g. And he was the biggest dentuso that I have ever seen.(ever) 3. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Fill in the blanks with one of the adverbs in brackets : We have not turned on the T.V. set ( late, lately). It was ( late, lately) when we listened to the radio. She always works ( hard, hardly) . She could ( hard, hardly) watch the childrens programme. She turned the knob so ( short, shortly) that it failed. They will join us ( short, shortly). The T.V. programmes are ( high, highly) interesting. The bird was flying so ( high, highly) that we could ( hard, hardly) watch it.
4. Write possitive (+) or negative (-) ideas using list A and B with rather, quite or extremely : A. interesting, easy, tiring, boring, difficult, useful, frustrating, timeconsuming, worying, motivating, challenging, helpful. B. listening to tapes; writing compositions; learning vocabulary; reading newspapers; understanding films; talking on the phone; taking exams; writing letters; pronounciation practice.
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5. Fill in the blanks with the proper construction for cu ct cu att : The (much) we study, the (much) we know. The ( much) .. we know, the ( much) . we forget.The (much) we forget, the ( little) . we know. The (little) we know, the ( little) .. we forget. The (little) we forget, the ( much) . we know. So why study? 6. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. Translate into English : Mai este mult pn la caban? Mai bine m-ai asculta, dect te-ai uita pe fereastr. El este cu mult mai silitor dect sora lui. Cine a mai venit la deschiderea noii expoziii? i-a mai dat i altceva n afar de cadoul acesta? Este mai bun gluma pe care mi-ai spus-o tu. Cine a mai pomenit aa ceva? nc mai dormi la ora asta? Nu mai avem nici un pic de cerneal. Du-te i cumpr o sticl. Ar fi mult mai bine s nu m mai ntrebi ce face.
7. Read and remember the following cogitations and puns, paying attention to the use of the adverbs : a. He who laughs last laughs best, but he who laughs first sees the point. b. People who have an hour to spare usually spend it with someone who hasnt. c. A philosophy professor glanced coolly at one of his students : Hotchkiss, he said hopelessly, can you tell me who wrote Foundation of the Metaphysics of Ethics? Oh, professor, answered the student unhappily, I kant.(Immanuel Kant). Well, good for you, Hotchkiss said the professor. Thats your first correct answer this year.
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To prohibit = a interzice EXERCISES 1. Read and translate into Romanian, pay attention to the words and phrases in italics : a. There is a custom all over the world to celebrate New Year. b. We cannot retain your custom any longer. c. Romanian Customs Code is very comprehensive. d. Personal effects are not customable. e. Custom barriers are not always favourable for trade development. f. It is very costly to have a custom-built car. g. When you stop at the Customs shed you have to fill in the Customs entry. h. Your suit is custom-tailored. 2. Fill in the gaps with the right pronoun : whatever, whoever, whenever, wherever, however a. . took my money must give it back. b. . he goes, he takes his wife. c. . Im in London, I go to the theatre. d. . hot it is, you must work. e. . is in the parcel it is very heavy. f. . often you write, she wont answer. g. . there are trees, theres water. h. . happens, I wont change my mind. i. . I cant sleep, I read a book. j. . wrote this was very clever. k. . much it costs, Ill buy it. l. . he goes, he finds friends. 3. Choose the right pronoun by crossing out the wrong one : a. The customs officer came into the room and closed the door behind ( him / himself ). b. When packing he was not careful and cut ( him / himself ). c. She dressed ( her / herself ) and left for the office. d. Behave ( you / yourself ). e. This is a secret between ( us / ourselves ). f. They look up at the stars above ( them / themselves ). g. He introduced ( me / myself ) to his friends. h. I bought ( me / myself ) a new cabin bag. 4. Say which is the difference in the meaning of the pairs of sentences; mind the reflexive pronouns : a. He applied himself to the task.
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He applied for a job. b. She availed herself of the long journey she had made. Her effort did not avail her. c. He conducted himself well. He conducted the affair very well. d. She departed herself from the mother with tears in her eyes. She departed from her world.
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The Pronoun
Personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns Personal pronouns
Form
Singular : first person second person third person Plural : first person second person third person Subject I you he/she/it we you they Object me you him/her/it us you them
Possessive adjectives
my your his/her/its our your their This is our room. or This room is ours. This is their car. or This car is theirs.
Possessive pronouns
mine yours his/hers/its ours yours theirs
Reflexive pronouns Singular Plural I. myself ourselves II. yourself yourselves III. himself herself themselves itself The reflexive pronouns are used as objects of a verb when the action of the verb returns to the doer, when subject and object are the same person : I cut myself. He shaves himself. Reflexive pronouns used as emphasizing pronouns : The king himself gave her the medal. They themselves must go there.
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Demonstrative pronouns and adjectives Demonstrative pronouns Demonstrative adjectives This classroom is large. This is a classroom. That door is closed. That is a door. These walls are white. These are walls. Those desks are brown. Those are desks. Interrogative pronouns and adjectives For persons : subject who (pronoun) object whom, who (pronoun) possessive whose (pronoun and adjective) For things : subject / object what (pronoun and adjective) For persons or things when the choice is restricted : subject / object which (pronoun and adjective) Who is he? Whose is that pencil? (pronoun) Whose pencil is this? (adjective) To whom must you give the book? (pronoun) Which of those students is your friend? (pronoun) Which girl is your daughter? (adjective) What is he? (pronoun) What actor is your favourite? (adjective) The relative pronouns Subject Object Possessive For persons who whom/who whose that that For things which which whose/of which that that The student who is writing on the blackboard is my friend. The young man whom you can see dictating is our teacher. The boy whose book is open is Tom. The young woman that is answering the questions is Ann. The fountain-pen whose colour is blue is mine. The fountain-pe the colour of which is blue is mine. The exercise which is on page 13 is very difficult. The classroom that you can see in this picture is very bright. Indefinite pronouns and adjectives Affirmative sentences Interrogative sentences some=nite, ceva, unii any any=orice, oricare some=ceva, nite
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Other pronouns are formed with the help of some, any, no, every. some any no every body somebody anybody nobody eveybody one someone anyone no one everyone thing something anything nothing everything where somewhere anywhere nowhere everywhere
Some and its compounds are used in : a. affirmative sentences : There is some tea in the cup. I need something to drink. b. interrogative sentences where the answer yes is expected : Can you lend me some money? Or in offers and requests : Would you like some wine? Could you do some typing for me? Any is used: a. in interrogative sentences replaceing some : Have you got any money? Is anybody in the library? b. in negative sentences : There isnt any tea in the cup. There isnt anybody in the library. c. in affirmative sentences ( the sense is oricine, oricare, orice, oriunde ) Any student can do this exercise. You may have anything you want. No is used in negative sentences when the verb is in the affirmative form : There is no tea in the cup. Nobody can translate this difficult exercise. All / both / each + of and alternative constructions All (pronoun) can be followed by of + the / this / these / that / those / possessives and proper nouns. All of them were broken. All of Toms boys are very tall. Both (pronoun) + of can be used similarly but with plural forms only. Both of us are doctors. Each, like both, can be followed by of + these / those etc. (plural forms only) : Each of the boys has won a game.( the verb is in the singular) We / you / they each is plural :
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We each have a map. Another, other, others with one and some A. Another, other, others
Adjective
Pronoun
Singular another another Plural other others Have you met his sisters? ~Ive met one. I didnt know he had another. ~ Oh, he has two others / two other sisters. B. One another / other(s), some other(s) One student suggested a play, another / other students / others wanted a concert. Some tourists went on the beach; others explored the town. C. One another and each other Tom and Ann looked at each other. Both one another and each other can be used of two or more, but each other is frequently preferred when there are more than two.
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q.Shirley is as likely to get a raise as he / him. 3. Decide which are the reflexive pronouns in the text below and which are the emphasizing pronouns : a. He lives by himself. b. They did it themselves. c. He cut himself while working. d. Has she seen him herself? e. I can do it myself! f. Behave yourself, George! g. I myself went there. h. She gave herself such airs! i. He bought himself a new suit. j. They have a car of their own. 4. Give the antonyms to the following pronouns : many everybody a few little less this neither somebody 5. Translate into English : a. Plou de trei zile. b. Cine vine? c. E ora apte, trebuie s ne grbim. d. Ceea ce m deranjeaz la el este obrznicia. e. Am mprumutat caietul pentru John, nu pentru tine. f. nvau unul de la altul. g. S-au suprat unul pe cellalt. h. S-au certat unul cu altul. i. Fugeau unul dup altul. j. i mprumut cri unul altuia. k. Se ajut unul pe altul. l. Cafeaua pe care am but-o azi-diminea a fost excelent. m. Prietena surorii mele, pe care ai vzut-o acum muli ani, este profesoar acum. n. Biatul pe care l caui a plecat la mare ieri.
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EXERCISES 1. Say it in English: joc sportiv, not, vntoare, activitate fizic, atletism, ridicarea greutii, patinaj artistic, tenis de mas, tenis de cmp, patinaj vitez, clrie, ski, canotaj, box, scrim, tir. 2. Fill in the gaps with the words missing: everywhere, sports, still, with, fishing, to, pain, about, you. a. Work games are not organized . and they are not popular. b. Hunting and . are common sports in many parts of the world. c. Its wonderful to mix people who dont talk .. you about their work. d. What dont you like .. it. e. Judo also teaches . that is not so terrible. 3. Give an ordinal number for the following: 2; 5; 83; 16; 116; 601; 28. 4. Say and write the following: 127; 333; 203; 111; 222; 326; 592. 5. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. Translate into English: Am douzeci de ani, locuiesc n Bucureti pe strada Toamnei nr. 320. Repet de dou ori ca s fii auzit. Am jucat cel de-al patrulea meci de fotbal. M-am nscut la 30 martie 1940. Se ntorceau acas doi cte doi. Am cumprat douzeci de echipamente pentru gimnastic. Am vzut acest film de trei ori. La dou zile i cumpr dou kg de portocale. - Ce faci smbt? - Nu tiu nc. De ce? - Joc tenis cu civa prieteni i m ntrebam dac nu ai vrea s joci i tu. - Pi, nu tiu. Am nevoie de ort pentru tenis i probabil pantofi pentru tenis. - Nu. Nicidecum. Un trening e suficient. ( tracksuit) - Dar de fapt ce vrei s facei? Nu vreau s joc n competiie. - Nici vorb, nu e nimic serios. Dup aceea o s lum masa n ora.
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The Numeral
1. The Cardinal Numbers Cardinal Numbers are used to refer to an exact number of things: 0 zero 1 one 11 eleven 21 twenty-one 31 thirty-one 2 two 12 twelve 22 twenty-two 40 forty 3 three 13 thirteen 23 twenty-three 50 fifty 4 four 14 fourteen 24 twenty-four 60 sixty 5 five 15 fifteen 25 twenty-five 70 seventy 6 six 16 sixteen 26 twenty-six 80 eighty 7 seven 17 seventeen 27 twenty-seven 90 ninety 8 eight 18 eighteen 28 twenty-eight 100 one hundred 9 nine 19 nineteen 29 twenty-nine 1000 one thousand 10 ten 20 twenty 30 thirty 1oooooo a million 400 four hundred 140 a / one hundred and forty 1oo6 a / one thousand and six 5000 five thousand 260127 two hundred and sixty thousand, one hundred and twenty-seven The words hundred, thousand, million and dozen, when used of a definite number, are never made plural: six hundred men two dozen eggs If however, these words are used to convey the idea of a large number, they must be made plural: hundreds of people thousands of years
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2. The Ordinal Numbers first eleventh twenty-first thirty-first second twelfth twenty-second fortieth third thirteenth twenty-third fiftieth fourth fourteenth twenty-fourth sixtieth fifth fifteenth twenty-fifth seventieth sixth sixteenth twenty-sixth eightieth seventh seventeenth twenty-seventh ninetieth eighth eighteenth twenty-eighth hundreadth ninth nineteenth twenty-ninth thousandth tenth twentieth thirtieth millionth When ordinal numbers are expressed in figures the last two letters of the written word must be added: first = 1st second = 2nd third = 3rd fourth = 4th eightieth = 80th
Dates
Sunday Monday Tuesday Wednesday Thursday Friday Saturday Days and months are always written with capital letters. Dates are expressed by ordinal numbers, so when speaking we say: March the tenth July the fourteenth The days of the week January February March April May June The months of the year July August September October November December
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6. Write with letters the following numerals: 5; 15; 50; 105; 400; 1405; 329; 514; 3450; 842; the 5th; the 9th; the 8th; the 12th; the 20th. 7. a. b. c. Translate in Romanian the following sayings: If you run after two hares, you will catch neither. Four eyes see better than two. Measure thrice and cut once.
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d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l. 8. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. k. l.
First think, then speak. A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush. A word is enough for the wise. An hour in the morning is worth two in the evening. Two heads are better than none. One swallow does not make a summer. One good turn deserves another. Second thoughts are best. A switch in time saves nine. Translate into English: Se ducea la mare o dat pe an. Autobuzele pornesc la fiecare cinci minute. Au lecii de englez de dou ori pe sptmn. Mergem la cinematograf de mai multe ori pe lun. Cel de-al aptelea elev din rndul doi este premiantul clasei. 14 mprit la 2 face 7. n fiecare diminea lua autobuzul 32. Copiii au intrat n coal doi cte doi. Am citit sute de pagini n ultimele sptmni. Cred c acum maina are mai mult de 100 km/or. Biletul tu de clasa a doua este pentru data de 22 iunie. Nou ori doi fac optsprezece.
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