TERM PAPER

OF
MICROPROCESSOR BASED SYSTEM DESIGN

ECE-312

TOPIC :FEATURE , CORE VS

COMPARE THE ARCHITECTURE, ADVANCEMENT BETWEEN DUAL CORE 2 DUO

SUBMITTED TO: PRAVEEN PAWAR

SUBMITTED BY :GOURAV Roll no: RK3105A33 Regd no: 10906944

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all I bow my hea to !Almi"hty Go # who "a$e %omma& to my ha& s to ma'e the (ro)e%t a s*%%ess+ A formal stateme&t of a%'&owle "eme&t will har ly meet the e& s of )*sti%e i& matter of e,(ressio& of my ee( *&so*& se&se of "ratit* e a& obli"atio&s to my esteeme - .ea of the De(artme&t of E&"i&eeri&"- /o$ely (rofessio&al *&i$ersityPha"wara- for his si&%ere effort- 'ee& i&terest a& %ari&" &at*re+ 0or s at my %omma& are i&s*ffi%ie&t to show my res(e%t to ER+Poo)a sahota my i&ter&al "*i e for i&s(iri&" a& (ro$i i&" %o&str*%ti$e i eas a& re& eri&" tho*"ht (ro$o'i&" is%*ssio&s for the (re(aratio& of the (ro)e%t + A& for (ro$i i&" all ty(es of assista&%e+ I bow my hea s to my (are&ts for their "e&ero*s s*((ort- (ositi$e attit* e- i&$al*able blessi&"- fi&a&%ial hel( a& e& less sa%rifi%es for my better a& bri"ht f*t*re+I fi& it beyo& my wor s to a%'&owle "e the lo$e- hel( a& i&s(iratio& offere my frie& s+ Fi&ally- I wo*l also li'e to tha&' all those who '&owi&"ly or *&'&owi&"ly hel(e me all thro*"ho*t my (ro)e%t+ !All %a&&ot be me&tio&e b*t &o&e is for"otte&#

PRATY1S. SING.

CONTENTS 23 45623 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 47623 INTROD1CTION 23D1A/ CORE PROCESSOR 23CORE 7 D1O PROCESSOR

INTRODUCTION OF DUAL CORE PROCESSSOR

A dual core processor for a computer is a central processing unit (CPU) that has two separate cores on the same die, each with its own cache. It essentially is two microprocessors in one. This type of CPU is widely availa le from many manufacturers. !ther types of multi"core processors also have een developed, including #uad"core processors with four cores each, he$a"core processors with si$, octa"core processors with eight and many"core processors with an even larger num er of cores. In a single"core or traditional processor, the CPU is fed strings of instructions that it must order, e$ecute, then selectively store in its cache for #uic% retrieval. &hen data outside the cache is re#uired, it is retrieved through the system us from random access memory ('A() or from storage devices. Accessing these slows down performance to the ma$imum speed that the us, 'A( or storage device will allow, which is far slower than the speed of the CPU. This situation is compounded when the computer user is multi"tas%ing. In this case, the processor must switch ac% and forth etween two or more sets of data streams and programs. CPU resources are depleted, and performance suffers. In a dual core processor, each core handles incoming data strings simultaneously to improve efficiency. )ust as two heads are etter than one, so are two hands. &hen one core is e$ecuting, the other can e accessing the system us or e$ecuting its own code.

To utili*e a dual core processor, the operating system must e a le to recogni*e multi"threading, and the software must have simultaneous multi"threading technology (+(T) written into its code. +(T ena les parallel multi"threading, wherein the cores are served multi"threaded instructions in parallel. &ithout +(T, the software will recogni*e only one core. +(T also is used with multi" processor systems that are common to servers. A dual core processor is different from a multi"processor system. In the latter, there are two separate CPUs with their own resources. In the former, resources are shared, and the cores reside on the same chip. A multi"processor system is faster than a system with a dual core processor, and a dual core system is faster than a single"core system, when everything else is e#ual. An attractive value of dual core processors is that they do not re#uire new mother oards ut can e used in e$isting oards that feature the correct soc%ets. ,or the average user, the difference in performance will e most noticea le during multi"tas%ing, until more software is +(T aware.

+ervers that are running multiple dual core processors will see an apprecia le increase in performance

INTRODUCTION OF CORE 2 DUO PROCESSSOR

The Core - .uo is the dual"core "" or two"processing unit "" division of semiconductor manufacturer Intel/s Core - processor rand, which it de uted on )uly -0, -112. It formed part of a family of central processing units that supplanted the Pentium as the company/s primary rand of consumer"oriented computer chips. The Intel Core - .uo is divided into des%top processors and mo ile processors, which go on laptop PCs. The des%top processors are split into three code names3 Conroe, which uses the 24"nanometer manufacturing process and made its de ut in August -1125 Allendale, 24"nm, )anuary -1105 and &olfdale, )anuary -116, which uses the smaller 74"nm lithographic node. The mo ile processors are divided into the 24"nm (erom, which were the first"released Core - .uo chips and shared the same launch date as the Core itself, and the 74"nm Penryn, released )anuary -116.8ach Intel Core - .uo CPU has its two cores placed on a single die, which is a wafer of semiconductor material. The 24"nm chips are igger than the 74"nm ones. The Core - .uo division has a 9.12 to :.::";<* processing speed range, 4:: to 9,:::"(<* data us speed range5 a -(=, :(=, 7(= or 2(= >evel - cache, or secondary memory an%5 and a ma$imum power consumption range of 91 to 24 watts. The mo ile processors tend to e the less powerful ut more energy efficient Core - .uo chips.The Core .uo has a su category called 8$treme 8dition. &ith a processing speed range of -.2 to :.12";<* processing speed range, as well as 611"(<* and 9,122"(<* data us speed choices, it formed part of the Core - rand that Intel mar%eted as a CPU for hardware enthusiasts. The Core - .uo 8$treme 8dition chips, however, are generally less energy efficient than the regular Core - .uo processors, with a pea% power consumption choices of 77& and 04&.Intel produced -0 des%top, 20 mo ile and five 8$treme 8dition processors etween -112 and -11?. In -116, the company introduced the Intel Core i0, signalling the eginning of the ne$t generation of production of the Core rand. As of (ay -199, Intel has stopped releasing new Core - chips altogether, with the current line"up consisting of the low"end i:, mid"level i4 and top"tier i0.