Name: ________________________ Class: ___________________ Date: __________

ID: A

Worksheet #3 Chapter 3
Multiple Choice Identify the choice that best completes the statement or answers the question. 1. Evaluate the expression. 3. Evaluate the expression.

2 3 1 4
a. b. c. d. e.

( 2) 5 ( 2) 4 ( 2) 6
a. b. c. d. e.

1 4096 4096 4096 4 4

7 8 1 16 8

4. Solve the equation for x.

2. Simplify the expression.

5 2x 3 = 5 7
a. b. c. d. e. x = 8 x = 5 x = 7 no solution x = 6

30 2 2 x 4 y 3
a. b. c.
2

16 x 8 y6 4x 8 y6 48 x 6 y8
16 y 8 x6 48 y 6 x8

5. Solve the equation for x.

x x6 1 = 32

16

a. b. c. d. e.

x =
x =

d. e.

x =
x = x =

11 3 32 10 3 3 2

Name: ________________________ 6. Solve the equation for x.

ID: A 9. Express the equation in logarithmic form.

4 1 = 81 3

2 2 x 12 2 x + 32 = 0
a. b. c. d. e. x x x x x = = = = = 8 2 or x = 3 3 2 4 or x = 8

a. b. c. d. e.

log3 81 = 4 log 1 81 = 3
4

log 1 81 = 4
3

7. The concentration of a drug in an organ at any time t (in seconds) is given by

t 60 0.3 t 14 1 e C(t) = t t 20 60 60 8e 14 e

1 3 log 3 81 = 4 log81 4 =

if 0 t 20

10. Write the expression as the logarithm of a single quantity.

1 ln x + 4 ln y 3ln z 2
if t > 20
a. b.

ln
4

xy4z2

ln ln 4 ln
4

xy4 z2 xy4z3 xy4 z3 xy4 z3

where C(t) is measured in milligrams/cubic centimeter (mg/cm 3 ). What is the concentration to four decimal places of the drug in the organ after 10 sec? a. b. c. d. e.

c. d. e.

0.8507 mg/cm 3 0.8958 mg/cm 3 none of these 1.2144 mg/cm 3 10.8457 mg/cm 3

ln

11. Use the laws of logarithms to simplify the expression.

log x (x + 7) 8
a. b. c. d. e.

8. Express the equation in logarithmic form.

8log x log(x + 7)
log x + log (x + 7) 8 log x + 8log(x 7)
log x 8 + log(x + 7) log x + 8log(x + 7)

= 16 log 16 4 = 2 log2 16 = 4 log 4 16 = 2 log 2 4 = 16 log 2 16 = 4

a. b. c. d. e.

Name: ________________________ 12. Use the laws of logarithms to simplify the expression.

ID: A 15. Use logarithms to solve the equation for t. Please round the answer to four decimal places.

ln

2 3

x (5 + x )

400 = 100 1 + 7e 0.7t

a. b. c. d. e.

a. b. c. d. e.

5 ln x 2 3 ln x 2 5 ln x 2 3 ln x 2 3 ln x 2

2 ln (5 + x) + 3 ln (5 + x) 3 ln (5 + x) 2 ln (5 + x) 3 ln (5 + x)

t t t t t

= = = = =

1.2104 1.4012 2.2006 1.2104 1.4012

13. Use logarithms to solve the equation for t. Round your answer to four decimal places.

16. The concentration of a drug in an organ at any time t (in seconds) is given by x(t) = 0.07 + 0.16e 0.03 t where x(t) is measured in grams/cubic centimeter g/cm 3 . Round your answer to the nearest hundredth. How long would it take for the concentration of the g/cm 3 ? drug in the organ to reach 0.19 __________ How long would it take for the concentration of the g/cm 3 ? drug in the organ to reach 0.12 __________ a. b. c. d. e. 9.59 seconds; 9.58 seconds; 9.62 seconds; 9.59 seconds; 9.57 seconds; 9.59 seconds 38.73 seconds 38.79 seconds 38.77 seconds 0.23 seconds

e 0.2 t = 6
a. b. c. d. e. none of these t = 8.8291 t = 9.4102 t = 8.9588 t = 8.8417

14. Use logarithms to solve the equation for t. Round your answer to four decimal places.

20 = 10 1 + 5 e 0.2 t
a. b. c. d. e.

t t t t t

= = = = =

8.1472 8.1595 8.0472 8.1792 7.6153

Name: ________________________ 17. If the temperature is constant, then the atmospheric pressure P (in pounds/square inch) varies with the altitude above sea level h in accordance with the law P = p 0 e kh where p 0 is the atmospheric pressure at sea level and k is a constant. If the atmospheric pressure is 14 lb/in 2 at sea level and 11.5 lb/in 2 at 4000 ft , find the atmospheric pressure at an altitude of 12000 ft . a. b. c. d. e.

ID: A

8.8 lb/in 2 7.8 lb/in 2 5.8 lb/in 2 6.8 lb/in 2 9.8 lb/in 2

18. Given that a quantity Q(t) is described by the exponential growth function Q = 200e 0.06 t where t is measured in minutes. What is the growth constant? What quantity is present initially? Complete the table of values. Round your answers to the nearest integer.

t Q

0 ____

10 ____

20 ____

100 ____

a.

b.

c.

d.

k = 0.06; Q = 200 t 0 10 20 Q 200 364 664 k = 0.06; Q = 200 t 0 10 20 Q 200 364 353 k = 200; Q = 0.06 t 0 10 20 Q 200 369 353 k = 200; Q = 1.06 t 0 10 20 Q 200 364 664

100 80686 100 255 100 80686 100 80688

Name: ________________________

ID: A

19. The growth rate of the bacterium, a common bacterium found in the human intestine, is proportional to its size. Under ideal laboratory conditions, when this bacterium is grown in a nutrient broth medium, the number of cells in a culture doubles approximately every 50 min. If the initial cell population is 10, determine the function Q(t) that expresses the exponential growth of the number of cells of this bacterium as a function of time t (in minutes). How long will it take for a colony of 10 cells to increase to a population of 1 million? If the initial cell population were 100, how would this alter our model? a. b. c. d. e.

Q(t) = 10e 0.004 t ; 830 min; Q(t) = 100 e 0.014 t ; 830 min; Q (t) = 10 e 0.114 t ; 819 min; Q(t) = 10e 0.014 t ; 830 min; Q(t) = 10e 0.004 t ; 819 min;

Q(t) = 100 e 0.004 t Q(t) = 100 e 0.014 t Q(t) = 100e 0.114 t Q(t) = 100 e 0.014 t Q(t) = 100 e 0.004 t

20. Phosphorus 32 (P-32) has a half-life of 14.2 days. If 50 g of this substance are present initially, find the amount present after t days. What amount will be left after 6.5 days? Round k to the nearest thousandth. a. b. c. d. e.

Q(t) = 50e 0.053 t ; 37.2g Q(t) = 50e 0.049 t ; 36.4g Q(t) = 50 e 0.045 t ; 37.4g Q(t) = 25e 0.046 t ; 36.9g Q(t) = 25e 0.047 t ; 38.1g

Name: ________________________

ID: A

21. Given that a quantity Q(t) exhibiting exponential decay is described by the function Q = 2400e 0.04 t where t is measured in years. What is the decay constant? What quantity is present initially? Complete the table of values. Round your answer to the nearest integer.

t Q k = 0.04; t 0

0 ____

5 ____

10 ____

20 ____

100 ____

a.

Q = 2400 5 10

20 1078 20 1067 20 1067 20 1078

100 44 100 44 100 39 100 39

b.

Q 2400 1965 1609 k = 2400; Q = 2400 t 0 5 10 Q 2400 2076 1554 k = 2400; Q = 2400 t 0 5 10 Q 2400 2076 1554 k = 0.04; Q = 2400 t 0 5 10 Q 2400 1965 1554

c.

d.

22. The U.S. population is approximated by the function P(t) =

616.6 where P(t) is measured in 1 + 4.05e 0.5 t millions of people and t is measured in 30-yr intervals, with t = 0 corresponding to 1930. What is the expected population of the United States in 2050 (t = 4)?
a. b. c. d. e. 405.7 millions 616.6 millions none of these 398.3 millions 401.3 millions

ID: A

Worksheet #3 Chapter 3 Answer Section

MULTIPLE CHOICE 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. 22. ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: ANS: C A B B C B A E C D E E D C D D B A D B A D PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: PTS: 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1