Name: ____________________________________Per: ______

Steps to Find Empirical Formulas 1) Convert given into moles -(if given % - assume a 100g sample, then use molar mass to convert grams into moles) 2) Divide each by the least number of moles to get the mole ratio for each element in compound !) If necessary, get the "hole number ratio by multiplying each number by the same number 2#$ 2$ # % !! # ! $#2 &' # ! '$ # % (0 # $ %) )rite empirical formula putting elements in order they are given in problem To Find the Molecular Formula *iven +olar +ass of +olecular ,ormula +olar +ass of -mpirical ,ormula

= Whole Number Ratio

Calculated

.se the "hole number ratio and multiply the subscripts of the empirical formula to find the molecular formula /ips0 1 1l"ays have the bigger number over the smaller number

2 2f get a decimal that is too far a"ay from a "hole number, go bac3 and find mista3e

Emperical & Molecular Example

Emperical Formula
$i%e&: A compound contains 84.12% carbon and 15.89% hydrogen. What is the empirical formula of this compound?
84.12 g C

Step 1- assume the % is out of 100g & convert grams to moles:

mol 12.01g

= 7.004 mol C = 15.76 mol H

15.89 g H

mol 1.008 g

Step 2- divide by the lowest number of moles (divide each by the same number):

(C )

7.004 = 1.000 7.004 15.76 = 2.250 (not close enough to a whole number to round ) 7.004
(C ) 1.000 4 = 4.000 ( H ) 2.250 4 = 9.000

(H )

Step 3- get a whole number ratio (you cant have 2.25 atoms of H). (Remember, whatever you do to one of the numbers you must do to the others) Step 4- write empirical formula in order elements are given in the problem:

empirical formula = C H 4 9

Molecular Formula
Given: The empirical formula we found was C4H9. If the molar mass of the compound is 114.22g/mol, what is the molecular formula of the compound? Step 1- calculate the molar mass of the empirical formula:
C 4 H 9 (molar mass) : (12.01 4) + (1.008 9) = 57.11g / mol

Step 2- divide the given molar mass of the molecular formula by the calculated molar mass of the empirical formula.
$i%e& !olar !ass (!olecular Formula) 114.22 = = 2.000 Calcula"e# !olar !ass ( mpirical Formula) 57.11

Step 3- multiply the subscripts in the empirical formula by the number calculated in Step 2.
C4 H 9 4 2 = 8 9 2 =18

molecular formula = C H 8 18

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