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Index terms

Acoustic-emission monitoring Aircraft corrosion monitoring D check maintenance structural integrity programs Aluminum alloys aluminum-lithium anodic polarization anodizing applications cast corrosion resistance alloying atmospheric corrosion grain structure mechanical treatments metallurgical treatments corrosion testing exfoliation filiform corrosion grain structure inhibitors intergranular corrosion mechanical properties production soil corrosion special products stress-corrosion cracking tempers weldability welds: filler metals imperfections wrought American Society for Testing and Materials Anodic protection applications cathodes critical current current requirements design equipment film resistance heat exchangers passivity of metals polarization diagrams potential control power supply pulp and paper industry reference electrodes

Links
426 4 437 402 401 403 584 507 507 806 595 589 601 602 602 507 602 602 498 352 28 352 850 508 589 587 153 593 300 593 598 599 599 591 491 41 775 932 929 926 922 930 927 926 922 923 527 930 930 933 929 623 361 921 337 440 440 449 456 460

404

603 609

499

348

610

364

365

427

937

932 924

930

Index terms
Anodic protection cont. stainless steels steels storage vessel Artificial intelligence case-based reasoning certainty factors expert systems knowledge-based systems neural networks Atmospheric corrosion aluminum alloys atmospheric contaminants atmospheric salinity copper alloys corrosivity maps evaluation CLIMAT test microbalance ISO methodology ISO standards monitoring nature of corrosion products PACER LIME algorithm prediction sulfur dioxide temperature theory GILDES model time of wetness weathering steels Automotive industry: coatings hot dip galvanizing Biofouling biofilm formation control biocides chlorine ozone physical methods enzymes formation impact friction thermal conductivity marine thermal conductivity Butler-Volmer equation

Links
922 928 928 303 321 298 306 297 186 58 602 68 67 631 59 81 82 84 69 70 452 65 78 84 66 68 61 63 66 739 790 788 187 201 208 198 194 215 210 202 204 206 207 207 205 208 36 200 202 214 203 213

935

936

403 318 62 603

404 81 84

84

73

74

77

80

69

209 659

211

773

37

1052

1053

Index terms
Cast irons carbon content classification corrosion resistance alloying classification gray cast iron malleable cast iron nodular cast iron soil corrosion welding white cast iron Cathodic protection

Links
612 613 613 617 619 620 615 614 615 152 616 613 4 166 311 789 912 878 171 890 865 878 880 881 880 882 884 881 883 882 884 883 153 888 885 337 884 886 878 904 906 918 914 904 913 905 891 892 894 896 899 893 902

618

616

617 131 196 324 793 914 874

133 209 362 811 917 885

148 269 427 863 921 904

152 275 655 892 923

153 309 742 904 930

DNV Practice RP B401 electrical continuity electrolytic resistivity Evans diagram impressed current systems anodes buried applications carbon dioxide evolution graphite high-silicon chromium cast iron materials mixed-metal platinized polymeric materials scrap steel and iron backfill current distribution design disbonded coatings ground beds interferences limitations monitoring close-interval potential surveys corrosion coupons direct current voltage gradient hardware performance Pearson survey structure condition potential distribution stray currents alternating controlling dc rail transit systems direct gas pipelines

881

873

882

883

884

886 885

887

918

895 901 894

Index terms
Cathodic protection, stray currents cont. potential fluctuations telluric effects theoretical basis marine structures NACE IP 10A196 NACE RP017694 protection criteria corrosion risk IR drop error potentials reinforced concrete sacrificial anodes buried structures design materials offshore pipeline requirements soil resistivity test station theoretical basis Wenner four-pin method Chlorides: detection high-temperature corrosion reinforced concrete seawater soils Chlorine CLIMAT test Computer-based training Condition assessment surveys Conductivity electrolytic resistivity of water soil resistivity Copper alloys atmospheric corrosion bronzes cast copper-nickels: chlorine galvanic corrosion marine applications microfouling passivation pitting seawater sulfides UNS C70600 (9010) UNS C71500 (7030)

Links
903 896 879 876 881 878 866 867 869 867 168 871 874 874 873 877 872 874 876 864 874 457 261 162 129 146 194 82 322 180 390 40 890 41 146 622 631 629 625 659 655 650 655 656 652 656 658 651 652

870 870

875 885

164

183

213

659

390 391

874

885

658 653 653

Index terms
Copper alloys cont. corrosion resistance acids alkalis organic compounds polluted waters salts soils steam UNS C70600 (9010) UNS C71500 (7030) decorative finishes brown patina green patina patina dezincification inhibitors liquid metal embrittlement seawater soil corrosion trade names welding wrought Copper Development Association COR.SUR Corrosion coupons Corrosion diagrams: iso-corrosion mixed acid graph stainless steels titanium alloys Corrosion economics capital budgeting techniques cash-flow techniques straight-line depreciation time value of money Corrosion failures Aloha incident artillery projectile consequences corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete carbonation hydrogen embrittlement re-alkalization evaluation factors failure analysis failure modes mode definition stainless steels filiform corrosion high-temperature corrosion

Links
630 649 649 649 649 648 648 648 652 652 659 662 660 659 152 851 649 140 152 624 627 625 623 583 81 584 587 583 762 1001 1003 1001 1004 388 16 3 333 382 30 30 31 30 414 354 359 303 16 723 26 247 632

663 661 344 345 366 631 648

626

517

918

585 763

764

1002 292 338 335

1009 331 339

332

374

171

172

173

360 347 17 725

491 443

565

Index terms
Corrosion failures cont. mechanism modes MV KIRKI prevention probability subjective assessment reinforced concrete responsibility for corrosion failures Statue of Liberty steam generator tubes system management Corrosion forms Corrosion management monitoring reporting templates Corrosion monitoring: access fittings corrosion coupons electrical resistance electrochemical impedance spectroscopy electrochemical noise harmonic analysis inductive resistance monitoring points sensors strategies systems techniques direct indirect Corrosion prevention control measures preventive measures Corrosion rates: conversion thermodynamic calculations Corrosion surveillance, strategy Corrosion testing accelerating factors aluminum alloys anodic breakthrough method ASCOR ASTM B 117 ASTM G 3 ASTM G 44 ASTM G 78 ASTM handbook corrosion products

Links
245 353 352 4 360 382 356 186 10 58 397 7 193 276 406 356 409 417 423 424 425 424 417 413 82 438 406 409 182 431 416 416 360 8 308 529 32 74 148 500 498 500 495 489 525 300 495 494 496 256 357 280 358 338 368 349 382

342

345

332 372 428 358 410 918 441 435 436

334 373

410

429

430

919 539 548

84 440 440 406 437

385 441

397 445

409 918

437

413 440

427 445

430

9 361

10 401

1047 76

499

505

602

495 497 497

515 609

556

Index terms
Corrosion testing cont. electrochemical methods cyclic potentiodynamic polarization electrochemical impedance spectroscopy electrochemical noise polarization polarization diagram potentiodynamic polarization potentiostaircase field and service potentiodynamic polarization test facility types of exposure testing high-performance alloys high-purity water intergranular anodic test laboratory tests cabinet testing alternate immersion controlled humidity corrosive gas immersion testing high-temperature/high pressure windowed test vessels nuclear waste optimization protective coatings salt-spray testing stainless steels stress intensity welds Cost of corrosion Battelle study catastrophic damage corrosion of the infrastructure Hoars report influence of people Crevice corrosion

Links

522 531 539 549 523 527 526 526 555 536 557 557 561 520 505 512 513 517 513 514 516 517 518 561 559 561 502 527 521 487 1 2 3 4 1 5 25 141 338 539 678 767 4 460 552 734 401 730 269 365

528 536

924

514

518

519

504 537

515 538

556

359 58 157 365 552 723 775 337 465 553 62 269 399 618 727 776 338 554 73 277 443 652 752 931 440 140 289 508 656 756 449

336 531 677 766 456

aircraft corrosion testing critical temperature deposits duplex stainless steels modeling prevention

731

Index terms
Crevice corrosion cont. stainless steels underdeposits DC rail transit systems Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy constant phase element corrosion monitoring equivalent circuits Kramers-Kronig validating Electrochemical noise corrosion monitoring Electrochemistry of corrosion: diffusion coefficients Evans diagram exchange current electrode composition soluble species concentration surface impurities surface roughness instrumentation kinetic principles Luggin capillary overpotential: activation overpotential concentration overpotential hydrogen overpotential ohmic drop polarization Butler-Volmer equation Tafel slope thermodynamics, Nernst potential Ellingham diagrams Environmental cracking hydrogen embrittlement

Links
733 376 900 320 510 424 541 547 545 82 523 425 40 42 32 33 34 35 34 923 32 1025 35 35 15 35 35 36 43 844 43 222 297 31 347 676 768 367 82 297 366 549 612 691 732 141 559 274 545 540 435 547 539

271 549 436 236 45 43

425 550 548 1023 269 1047

436 1028

437

441

426 1052

865 1054

1057

1025 230

42 38 41 43 37 424 845 223 346 168 348 678 777 282 299 367 592 618 712 737 196

1050 42 909 1049 1052 528

1051 1051 1053 834

1055 1059

843

225 520 169 367 691 866 283 307 490 601 620 714 746 345

171 490 707

173 505 718

346 612 745

prevention stress-corrosion cracking

Erosion corrosion Experimental design Extreme value statistics

288 318 491 602 631 715 765 366

289 319 505 609 653 723 766 654

293 346 520 610 676 726 776 657

Index terms
Failure analysis Filiform corrosion Flade potential Flue gas desulfurization Fractal geometry Hurst exponent Galvanic corrosion

Links
302 28 924 397 271 273 32 344 582 809 655 32 363 3 283 426 869 864 279 441 332 337 933 677 550 58 345 601 1028 340 146 284 446 870 876 442 174 363 655 289 364 678 339 446 767 342 486 789

768

copper-nickel alloys galvanic series prevention Gas pipelines

342 208 289 447 875 902 444

344 276 292 657 877 279 408 864 884 282 412 867 895

cathodic protection risk assessment Gas scrubbing, corrosion monitoring Heat exchanger tubes, corrosion monitoring Heat exchangers, anodic protection High performance alloys alloying elements applications carbon and carbides cobalt base corrosion resistance nickel-base alloys heat treatments intermetallic phases iron nickel base nickel base seawater specifications welding High-temperature corrosion ASSET carburization chlorides Co-S-O system creep strength Cr-O system Cr-S-O system deposits Ellingham diagrams F*A*C*T gaseous halogens high-temperature alloys hydrogen sulfide

443 922 664 666 680 668 664 676 677 673 669 664 561 140 680 671 221 264 255 261 231 241 226 232 262 222 265 260 242 250

932

691

680

691

671 664

672 666

676 671

676

265

228

259

Index terms
High-temperature corrosion cont. kinetics liquid metals mechanism metal dusting molten salts Ni-S-O system nitridation oxidation penetration damage Pilling-Bedworth rupture strength in service stability diagrams sulfidation thermodynamics vapor species diagrams History of corrosion science Hydrochloric acid Hydrogen: embrittlement

Links
230 263 233 258 263 230 260 223 239 231 240 237 230 245 222 223 11 583 774 31 367 678 768 691 15 427 612 178 839 850 837 834 851 841 833 834 845 836 838 851 845 856 855 854 853 269 561 836 837 175 236 234

229 247

238

243

247

249

253

256

264

586 776 168 490 691 777 744

677 842 169 505 707 866

699 926 171 612 718

700 927 173 676 745

756

346

cobalt-base alloys evolution monitoring stress-corrosion cracking Inhibitors acids aluminum alloys cathodic inhibitors classification copper alloys corrosion processes definition efficiency evaluation functionality scheme mechanism oil and gas operations acidizing application methods oxygen-influenced corrosion sour corrosion sweet corrosion organic inhibitors organophosphorus passivating inhibitors precipitation inhibitors reinforced concrete

833

857

837

838 178

Index terms
Inhibitors cont. selection steels pickling trans-cinnamaldehyde vapor phase volatile zinc Inspection

Links
860 849 845 846 838 838 850 4 376 464 376 375 400 375 377 382 372 73 399 508 717 352 365 351 324 101 103 102 830 933 933 547 106 109 166 1001 267 282 296 269 274 279 279 268 268 271 268 295 268 110 184 388

847 857 22 383 548 859 197 385 876 288 399 344 406 371 462

boilers inspection points nuclear reactors process piping risk-based probability of failures techniques Intergranular corrosion

378 381 376 248 465 601 720

383

349 486 668 733

351 505 677

352 506 678

365 507 716

aluminum alloys prevention stainless steels Internet Ion exchange selectivity types of resins Jointing compounds Kraft liquors composition Kramers-Kronig Langelier saturation index Larson-Skold index Life-cycle costing corrosion economics Life prediction aircraft aluminum alloys crevice corrosion extreme value statistics fault tree analysis gas pipelines modeling bottom up fractal models mathematical models probability estimation statistical models

103 104

300

289 291

274

Index terms
Life prediction, modeling cont. subjective assessment top down nuclear waste pitting corrosion reinforced concrete stainless steel cracking sweet gas corrosion Linear polarization, corrosion monitoring Localized corrosion: local environment

Links
291 277 276 274 184 318 320 414 13 192 365 336 1025

424 22 336 391 340

426 25 337 399 519

433 81 349 887

435 82 364 888 147

surface area ratio Luggin capillary Maintenance: asset management costs nuclear reactors poor practices predictive preventive prioritizing reliability-centered strategies Maintenance Steering Group environmental deterioration analysis structure significant items Materials selection COR SUR costs pitting index seawater Materials Technology Institute Maximum entropy method Methods of corrosion control Microbiologically influenced corrosion activity assays assays classification acid-producing fungi aerobes iron/manganese oxidizing methane producers organic acid producers slime formers sulfur/sulfide oxidizing direct inspection DNA probes

387 383 397 384 385 385 391 386 384 282 286 285 577 583 770 364 139 309 425 8 144 191 198 190 190 195 192 193 195 195 194 192 197 199

388 391

390

391

392

386

395

405

387

395

401

287

140 310 9 147 201

311 10 152 208

314

316

359

187 209

188 766

194

Index terms
Microbiologically influenced corrosion cont. effect of operating conditions cleanliness flow velocity oxygen pH temperature growth assays identification most probable number planktonic sampling soils sulfate-reducing bacteria Molybdenum alloys: applications corrosion resistance machining properties specifications welding Monitoring: acoustic emission aircraft corrosion potentials electrical field signature method fiber optics hydrogen potentiodynamic polarization reinforced concrete sensors thin layer activation zero resistance ammetry NACE International Niobium alloys applications corrosion resistance machining properties welding Nondestructive evaluation eddy current flaw size liquid penetrant magnetic particle radiographic inspection Compton backscatter imaging thermographic ultrasonic visual inspection borescopes fiberscopes

Links
195 196 196 196 196 196 198 197 198 200 200 148 189 695 694 696 693 694 697 426 437 416 426 448 427 426 432 417 426 425 309 878 699 699 700 699 693 700 182 473 480 471 471 471 473 477 475 465 469 470

213 149 191

888

698

427

432

536 423 435 316 905 438

359 909

582 911

583 1002

701

302

428

431

461

470

Index terms
Oil and gas operations: acidizing cathodic protection inhibitors oxygen-influenced corrosion pitting corrosion sour corrosion sweet corrosion Oxygen: high-temperature corrosion microbiologically-influenced corrosion oil and gas operations seawater solubility in seawater solubility in soils solubility in water Ozone Passivation: active-passive behavior anodic nose copper-nickel alloys hysteresis passivity of metals pitting potential polarization diagram repassivation potential stainless steels Phosphoric acid Pilling-Bedworth Pillowing Pitting corrosion

Links
845 876 851 855 274 854 853 223 196 855 658 38 144 25 215 229 243

133 38

copper-nickel alloys critical pitting temperature duplex stainless steels nickel-base alloys oil and gas operations pitting potential pitting resistance prevention stainless steels subjective assessment Potentiodynamic polarization monitoring scan rate in service solution resistance Pourbaix diagrams applications

525 535 656 534 923 533 527 533 725 666 925 231 4 22 385 679 652 679 730 679 274 531 364 364 733 357 320 426 529 536 530 13 842 16

930

933

924 726 722 932 338 274 426 718

744

776

806

465 335 435 727

336 602

364 650

731

733

435 536

523

526

531

532

269 866

427 1040

841

Index terms
Pourbaix diagrams cont. aluminum corrosion of reinforcing steel in concrete filiform corrosion hydronic heating of buildings iron marine boilers Protective coatings inorganic coatings anodizing suitable alloys chromate filming nitriding passive films phosphate coatings metallic coatings applications chemical vapor deposition cladding costs diffusion coatings electroless plating electroplating hot dip galvanizing pack cementation physical vapor deposition properties techniques thermal spraying environmental concerns limitations materials non-stick coatings fluorinated polyols surface free energy organic coatings binders components epoxy intermediate coats pigments polyurethane primers solvents specifications standards topcoats variables volatile organic compounds water-borne coatings zinc phosphates processes surface preparation

Links
29 29 26 22 20 17 362 805 805 806 809 810 63 810 782 799 782 793 799 789 787 786 788 789 803 783 796 794 798 801 795 828 829 828 148 824 823 824 822 826 823 822 827 812 812 823 811 738 828 827 782 660

21 612

23 781

24

810

803

804

792 804 801

363

782

810

811

825

828

831

Index terms
Puckorius scaling index Pulp and paper industry Refractory metals Reinforced concrete alkali-aggregate reaction carbonation chlorides condition assessment corrosion products degradation processes de-icing salts freeze-thaw damage high-performance concrete hydrogen embrittlement life prediction mechanism monitoring re-alkalization rebar corrosion remedial measures cathodic protection concrete design de-icing methods electrochemical chloride ext raction epoxy coating galvanized rebar inhibitors stainless steel rebar repairs sulfate attack Resistivity

Links
108 755 692 153 186 30 162 180 159 158 159 187 179 31 184 162 182 30 30 180 166 168 178 166 170 175 177 175 175 173 187 143 706 900 890 146 41 402 396 5 279 383 384 108 105 715 830 933 934 935 936

154 157 163

156 165

186

432 171 155 184 171 170 168 171

166 432

174

178

178 174 146 708 931 874 148 872 530 884 587 885 695 888

electrolytic soil resistivity water resistivity Risk assessment: evaluation failure mode and effects analysis (FMEA) fault tree analysis gas pipelines inspection safety hazards Ryznar stability index Scaling indices Schaeffler diagram Sealants

885

6 289

280 291

281

295

297

109

716

720

734

Index terms
Seawater brackish calcareous deposits calcium carbonate copper-nickel alloys corrosion resistance dissolved materials dissolved organic compounds materials selection: copper alloys nickel alloys stainless steels oxygen pH polluted salinity sulfides temperature effects treatments velocity effects Selective leaching dezincification graphitization SI Units Soil corrosion aluminum alloys bacteria cast iron chloride copper alloys corrosivity of soils ferrous alloys ions lead microbiologically-influenced corrosion nonferrous alloys oxygen content particle size pH prediction redox potential reinforced concrete resistivity soil classification soil horizon soil profile stainless steels water zinc Stainless steels anodic polarization

Links
129 137 131 132 656 138 129 135 140 140 140 133 132 136 129 658 141 658 140 152 152 345 939 142 153 148 152 146 152 143 151 147 153 147 152 144 143 144 150 146 153 146 142 142 142 152 143 153 140 725

138 130

656 344 344

345 345

617 366

618 631

653 648

492 149

648

150 145 147

147

148

710 726

721

Index terms
Stainless steels cont. austenitic anodic protection mechanical properties corrosion diagrams corrosion resistance alloying elements austenitic steels chemical environments crevice corrosion duplex steels ferritic steels martensitic steels pitting corrosion sensitization corrosion testing Cr equivalent duplex mechanical properties failure modes ferrite number ferritic mechanical properties heat treatments high temperatures intergranular corrosion martensitic mechanical properties Ni equivalent passivation pitting corrosion precipitation-hardening seawater sigma phase stress-corrosion cracking surface finishes testing welding filler metals imperfections Steel Structures Painting Council Steels anodic protection carbon steels corrosion resistance: acids alkalis alloying elements carbon steels organic solvents weathering steels inhibitors pickling

Links
712 922 713 583 723 723 729 735 733 730 727 729 733 734 537 716 714 715 723 716 712 713 716 733 351 712 714 716 63 364 714 140 734 349 716 525 716 718 720 811 736 928 737 744 737 746 741 745 739 849 845

925 585

734

538

725 719

721

810

722 528

724

934

744

Index terms
Steels cont. weathering steels welding Stochastic process detector Stress-corrosion cracking: aluminum alloys intergranular Sulfides: copper-nickel alloys high-temperature corrosion sulfide-stress cracking Sulfuric acid

Links
738 739 550 300 399 658 250 348 67 397 667 742 807 562 562 562 564 567 568 563 563 563 572 566 660 705 705 703 706 693 706 208 265 222 43 748 754 752 750 756 765 766 767 765 766 765 756

551 610

259 100 525 668 744 809 189 527 678 756 810 193 619 691 768 921 250 660 707 773 932 271 666 710 806 934

Surface characterization ASTM E 673 Auger electron spectroscopy detection characteristics photoelectron spectroscopy Rutherford backscattering scanning Auger microscopy scanning probe microscopy secondary electron microscopy secondary ion mass spectroscopy sensitivity problems Surface preparation Tantalum alloys applications corrosion resistance machining properties welding Thermal conductivity, biofouling Thermodynamics: Gibbs energy high-temperature corrosion Nernst potential Titanium alloys applications commercial grades corrosion resistance acids alkalis chlorine gas gases methanol natural waters organic acids oxidizing acids

571 569 571

831

707

270

1034

755 762

757

Index terms
Titanium alloys, corrosion resistance cont. seawater and salt solutions steam properties specifications welding Transmission towers Tungsten alloys applications corrosion resistance machining properties welding Uniform corrosion prevention Water chemistry biochemical oxygen demand hardness ion activity product mineral salts nuclear reactors organic matter pH priority pollutants saturation of water scaling carbon dioxide ion association model Langelier saturation index Larson-Skold index momentary excess index Oddo-Tomson index prediction Puckorius scaling index Ryznar stability index Stiff-Davis index total organic carbon Water-displacing compounds Water treatment: purification ion exchange methods Welding: aluminum alloys cast irons copper alloys high-performance alloys molybdenum alloys niobium alloys stainless steels

Links
766 766 749 753 752 391 708 708 711 709 693 709 333 362 99 399 96 94 105 93 399 96 96 97 105 105 92 112 106 109 110 110 125 108 108 110 97 830 87 99 91 598 616 627 671 697 700 716 108 521 95 107 110 522 96 108 117 561 122

392

111

112

106 118 122 110

119 124

122

109

88

Index terms
Welding cont. steels tantalum alloys tungsten alloys Welding titanium alloys Welds: corrosion monitoring heat adjacent zone Zero resistance ammetry monitoring Zirconium alloys applications corrosion resistance acids alkalis molten metals and salts organic compounds mechanical properties specifications

Links
739 706 709 752 445 351 425 769 773 772 775 776 777 777 770 770

486 435

774

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