US 20130167159Al

(19) United States (12) Patent Application Publication (10) Pub. No.: US 2013/0167159 A1
Ricci et al.

(43) Pub. Date:

Jun. 27, 2013

(54)

VEHICLE COMPRISING MULTI-OPERATING SYSTEM

sional application No. 61/715,699, ?led on Oct. 18, 2012, provisional application No. 61/ 507,203, ?led on

Jul. 13, 201 1, provisional application No. 61/507,206,

(71) Applicant: Flextronics AP, LLC, Milpitas, CA (US) (72) Inventors: Christopher P. Ricci, Saratoga, CA
(US); Brian Reeves, Hamilton (CA);
Paul E. Reeves, Oakville (CA); Richard

?led on Jul. 13, 2011, provisional application No. 61/507,209, ?led on Jul. 13, 2011, provisional appli cation No. 61/389,117, ?led on Oct. 1, 2010, provi sional application No. 61/507,201, ?led on Jul. 13,
2011. Publication Classi?cation

Teltz, Hamilton (CA); David Reeves, Ancaster (CA); Sanjiv Sirpal, Oakville (CA); Chris Tyghe, Oakville (CA)

(51) (52)

(73) Assignee: Flextronics AP, LLC, Milpitas, CA (US) (21) Appl. No.: 13/679,459 (22)
Filed: Nov. 16, 2012

Int. Cl. G06F 9/54 US. Cl.

USPC

(2006.01)

CPC ...................................... .. G06F 9/54 (2013.01)

........................................................ .. 719/319

(57)

ABSTRACT

Related US. Application Data

(63) Continuation-in-part of application No. 13/217,108,

?led on Aug. 24, 2011.

(60)

Provisional application No. 61/560,509, ?led on Nov.

16, 2011, provisional application No. 61/637,164,

?led on Apr. 23, 2012, provisional application No. 61/646,747, ?led on May 14, 2012, provisional appli cation No. 61/653,275, ?led on May 30, 2012, provi sional application No. 61/653,264, ?led on May 30, 2012, provisional application No. 61/653,563, ?led on

A mobile computing device With a mobile operating system and personal computer or vehicle processing module operat ing system running concurrently and independently on a shared kernel Without virtualiZation. The mobile operating system provides a user experience for the mobile computing device that suits the mobile environment. The personal com puter operating system provides a full personal computer user experience When the mobile computing device is docked to a

secondary terminal environment. The vehicle processing module operating system provides a full vehicle processing module user experience When the mobile computing device is
docked to a secondary terminal environment. The mobile

May 31, 2012, provisional application No. 61/663,

335, ?led on Jun. 22, 2012, provisional application No. 61/672,483, ?led on Jul. 17, 2012, provisional appli cation No. 61/714,016, ?led on Oct. 15, 2012, provi

computing device may be a smartphone running the Android

mobile OS and a full desktop Linux distribution on a modi?ed

Android kernel.

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Jun. 27, 2013 Sheet 5 0f 15

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Jun. 27, 2013 Sheet 8 0f 15

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US 2013/0167159 A1

Jun. 27, 2013

VEHICLE COMPRISING MULTI-OPERATING SYSTEM CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION

16, 2012, entitled Mobile Hot Spot/Router/Application

Share Site or NetWor (Attorney Docket No. 6583-245); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Universal Console

Chassis for the Car (Attorney Docket No. 6583-246);

, ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled MiddleWare (At torney Docket No. 6583-247); , ?led on Nov. 16,

[0001] The present application is a continuation-in-part of US. patent application Ser. No. 13/217,108, ?led Aug. 24,
2011, entitled MULTI-OPERATING SYSTEM, Which is

2012, entitled Real Time Tra?ic (Attorney Docket No.

6583-248); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Map Updating (Attorney Docket No. 6583-249); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Communications Based on Vehicle

incorporated herein by this reference in its entirety. [0002] The present application claims the bene?ts of US. Provisional Application Ser. Nos. 61/560,509, ?led Nov. 16, 2011; 61/637,164, ?ledApr. 23, 2012; and 61/663,335, ?led
Jun. 22, 2012, all entitled COMPLETE VEHICLE ECO

Diagnostics and Indications (Attorney Docket No. 6583

250); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Felon Identi ?er (Attorney Docket No. 6583-251); , ?led on Nov.

SYSTEM, 61/646,747, ?led on May 14, 2012, entitled Branding of Electrically Propelled Vehicles Via the Genera tion of Speci?c Operating Sounds; 61/ 653,275, ?led on May 30, 2012, entitled Vehicle Application Store for Console; 61/653,264, ?led on May 30, 2012, entitled Control of
Device Features Based on Vehicle State; 61/653,563, ?led

16, 2012, entitled Behavioral Tracking and Vehicle Appli

cations (Attorney Docket No. 6583-252); , ?led on

Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Improvements to Controller Area

NetWork Bus (Attorney Docket No. 6583-314); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Location Information

Exchange BetWeen Vehicle and Device (Attorney Docket

No. 6583-315); No. 6583-316); Docket No. 6583-317); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled In , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012,

on May 31, 2012, entitled Complete Vehicle Ecosystem;

61/672,483, ?led on Jul. 17, 2012, entitled Vehicle Climate Control; 61/714,016, ?led on Oct. 15, 2012, entitled Vehicle MiddleWare; each of Which is incorporated herein by this reference in its entirety. [0003] Cross reference is made to US. patent application Ser. Nos. 13/420,236, ?led on Mar. 14, 2012, entitled, Con ?gurable Vehicle Console; 13/420,240, ?led on Mar. 14,

Car Communication BetWeen Devices (Attorney Docket

Con?gurable HardWare Unit for Car Systems (Attorney

entitled Feature Recognition for Con?guring aVehicle Con sole and Associated Devices (Attorney Docket No. 6583
318); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Con?gurable Vehicle Console (Attorney Docket No. 6583-412); ,

2012, entitled Removable, Con?gurable Vehicle Console; 13/462,593, ?led on May 2, 2012, entitled Con?gurable
Dash Display; 13/462,596, ?led on May 2, 2012, entitled
Con?gurable Heads-Up Dash Display; , ?led on

?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Con?gurable Dash Display

(Attorney Docket No. 6583-413);
torney Docket No. 6583-414); and

, ?led on Nov. 16,

, ?led on Nov. 16,

2012, entitled Con?gurable Heads-Up Dash Display (At

2012, entitled Removable, Con?gurable Vehicle Console (Attorney Docket No. 6583-415). The entire disclosures of the applications listed above are hereby incorporated by ref
erence, in their entirety, for all that they teach and for all
purposes. FIELD

Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Implementation of Conquest Func tionality in Automotive Console (Attorney Docket No.
6583 -228); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Gesture

Recognition for On-Board Display (Attorney Docket No.

6583 -229); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Vehicle

Application Store for Console (Attorney Docket No. 6583 230); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitledSharing Appli cations/Media BetWeen Car and Phone (Hydroid) (Attorney
Docket No. 6583-231); ney Docket No. 6583-232); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012,

[0004]

The disclosure relates generally to vehicles and par

entitled In-Cloud Connection for Car Multimedia (Attor

ticularly to intelligent vehicles.

BACKGROUND

entitled Music

Streaming

(Attorney

Docket No.

6583-233); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Control of Device Features Based on Vehicle State (Attorney Docket No. 6583-234); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled

[0005] Vehicles are moving progressively toWards higher levels of computerization. Most vehicle tasks, functions, and
operations are noW under computer control or monitored by

Insurance Tracking (Attorney Docket No. 6583-235);

, ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled LaW Breaking/ Behavior Sensor (Attorney Docket No. 6583-236); ,

computational devices. With the coming of the digital age,

consumers are demanding more similarity betWeen cellular phones and tablet computers on the one hand vehicle console interactions on the other.

?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Etiquette Suggestion (At

torney Docket No. 6583-237); , ?led on Nov. 16,
, ?led on

2012, entitled Parking Space Finder Based on Parking Meter

Data (Attorney Docket No. 6583-238);

[0006]

General Motors and Ford, among others, have

Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Parking Meter ExpiredAlert (Attor

ney Docket No. 6583-239); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012,

announced vehicle infotainment systems having more dynamic user interfaces. The CUETM infotainment system of

Cadillac, for example, integrates the vehicle infotainment

system With an intelligent user interface having touch and

entitled Object Sensing (Pedestrian Avoidance/Accident

Avoidance) (Attorney Docket No. 6583-240); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Proximity Warning Relative to Other Cars (Attorney Docket No. 6583-241); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Street Side Sensors (Attorney
Docket No. 6583-242); , ?led on Nov. 16, 2012,

haptic feedback, natural language voice interaction, proxim

ity sensing and buttons and controls to provide a more in-car

information, communication navigation, and entertainment While simultaneously simplifying the interaction and tailor
ing it to the driving experience. Ford has introduced a SYNCTM and MYFORDTM systems offering features similar
to CUETM and also an in-car application store for games and other types of applications. MYFORDTM offers an open

entitled Car Location (Attorney Docket No. 6583-243);

, ?led on Nov. 16, 2012, entitled Universal Bus in the Car (Attorney Docket No. 6583-244); , ?led on Nov.

US 2013/0167159A1

Jun. 27, 2013

architecture allowing developers to build software that will

run in customizable displays in web-enabled cars.

[0007] Automotive manufacturers, however, have failed to integrate personal electronic devices of occupants, such as smart phones, tablet computers, and laptop computers, with

[0024] The computing device can further include a physical storage device, and the second execution environment can be logically isolated from the ?rst execution environment on the

physical storage device.

[0025] The computing device can further include an input device connected to the computing device. Input commands from the input device can be available to the ?rst operating
system in the ?rst execution environment and to the second

the in-vehicle computational system.

SUMMARY

operating system in the second execution environment.

[0008] These and other needs are addressed by the various
[0026] The ?rst operating system can be one of a mobile

aspects, embodiments, and/or con?gurations of the present

disclosure. The present disclosure is directed to a vehicle

operating system and a desktop operating system, and the second operating system the other of a mobile operating

processing module that can more effectively integrate per

system and desktop operating system.

[0027] The second operating system can access input com

sonal computational devices of occupants by using an appli

cation framework supporting different software execution environments. [0009] A system can include: [0010] a computing device including: [0011] a ?rst operating system running in a ?rst execution environment on a shared kernel, the ?rst operating system having a ?rst application framework supporting a ?rst appli

mands from the input device through the shared kernel. [0028] The computing device can be con?gured using a boot process that includes the steps of:
[0029] starting, in response to a power on event, a boot

loader;
[0030] establishing, by the boot loader, the ?rst execution

environment;
[0031] starting, by the boot loader, the shared kernel; [0032] initializing, by the shared kernel, the ?rst operating system; [0033] starting, by the shared kernel, the ?rst application

cation; and [0012] a second operating system running concurrently

with the ?rst operating system in a second execution environ ment on the shared kernel, the second operating system hav ing a second application framework supporting a second

framework;
[0034] starting, in the ?rst operating system, a ?rst monitor

application, wherein the second application is incompatible

with the ?rst application framework. [0013] The ?rst operating system can include a ?rst set of
user libraries in the ?rst execution environment. Typically, the second application is incompatible with the ?rst set of user libraries. [0014] The shared kernel can be running on a ?rst processor

service;
[0035] establishing, by the ?rst monitor service, a second
execution environment within the ?rst execution environ ment; and

[0036] starting, by the ?rst monitor service, the second application framework.
[0037] A multi-operating system manager can select a pro cessing resource from among a plurality of processing resources to execute ?rst and second operating systems, the

of the computing device.

[0015] The computing device can be one of a mobile com

puting device, a tablet computer, a laptop computer, a per sonal computer, and a processing module of a vehicle. [0016] The system can further include a secondary terminal

environment, with the second operating system being associ

ated with the secondary terminal environment. [0017] The system can further include a secondary terminal environment.

?rst operating system being a native operating system of the selected processing resource and the second operating system being a native operating system of a second processing resource, and execute, by the second operating system, an
application on the selected processing resource and providing the results to the second processing resource for presentation
to a user. By way of example, a tablet computer can execute a

[0018]

The computing device and the secondary terminal

tablet computer operating system and a mobile operating

system. A mobile application can be executed on the mobile

environment can be connected with a single dock connector

that includes a display interface and serial communications interface. [0019] The computing device can further include a physical memory device. [0020] The ?rst operating system can be associated with a

operating system in the tablet computer, and the results pro

vided, over a network link, to a mobile computing device

having the mobile operating system as its native operating

system.
[0038] The present disclosure can provide a number of

?rst frame buffer in the physical memory device, and the second operating system with a second frame buffer in the physical memory device.
[0021] The computing device can further include a ?rst display device, and the ?rst frame buffer can be associated with the ?rst display device. [0022] The computing device can further include a second ary terminal environment. The secondary terminal environ ment can include a second display device, and the second frame buffer can be associated with the second display device. [0023] The second application can be displayed on the sec

advantages depending on the particular aspect, embodiment,

and/or con?guration. The ?rst operating system, when on the vehicle processing module, can provide a more dynamic user interface. It can integrate personal electronic devices of occu

pants, such as smart phones, tablet computers, and laptop computers, with the in-vehicle computational system. For
example, occupants can execute a ?rst application on a

mobile computing device or personal computing device and,

after entering the vehicle cause the user interface to appear on

the vehicle console. Occupants can, alternatively, execute a ?rst application on the vehicle processing module and cause
the vehicle console user interface to appear on a mobile

computing device or personal computing device of the occu

pant. The occupant can execute applications from one com

ond display device through the second frame buffer.

US 2013/0167159A1

Jun. 27, 2013

putational device on another computational device. For

instance, a mobile application can execute on the personal

to acquire position data to locate the user on a road in the

computing device or vehicle processing module operating system, a personal computing device application can execute
on the mobile computing device or vehicle processing mod

units map database. Using the road database, the unit can give directions to other locations along roads also in its data base. Dead reckoning using distance data from sensors
attached to the drivetrain, a gyroscope and an accelerometer

ule operating system, and a vehicle infotainment application

can execute on the mobile computing device or personal

can be used for greater reliability, as GPS signal loss and/or

multipath can occur due to urban canyons or tunnels.

computing device operating system.

[0039] These and other advantages Will be apparent from
the disclosure. [0040] The phrases at least one, one or more, and and/ or are open-ended expressions that are both conjunctive and

[0047] The terms communication device, smartphone, computing device, and mobile device, and variations
thereof, as used herein, are used interchangeably and include any type of device capable of communicating With one or
more of another device and/or across a communications net

disjunctive in operation. For example, each of the expressions

at least one of A, B and C, at least one ofA, B, or C, one or more of A, B, and C, one or more of A, B, or C and A, B, and/or C means A alone, B alone, C alone, A and B

Work, via a communications protocol, and the like. Exem plary communication devices may include but are not limited

to smartphones, handheld computers, laptops, netbooks,

notebook computers, subnotebooks, tablet computers, scan

together, A and C together, B and C together, or A, B and C

ners, portable gaming devices, phones, pagers, GPS modules,

portable music players, and other Internet-enabled and/or
netWork-connected devices. [0048] The term computer-readable medium as used herein refers to any storage and/ or transmission medium that participate in providing instructions to a processor for execu tion. Such a medium is commonly tangible and non-transient and can take many forms, including but not limited to, non

together.
[0041] The term a or an entity refers to one or more of

that entity. As such, the terms a (or an), one or more and
at least one can be used interchangeably herein. It is also to

be noted that the terms comprising, including, and hav ing can be used interchangeably.
[0042] The term automatic and variations thereof, as used herein, refers to any process or operation done Without material human input When the process or operation is per formed. HoWever, a process or operation can be automatic, even though performance of the process or operation uses material or immaterial human input, if the input is received

volatile media, volatile media, and transmission media and

includes Without limitation random access memory

(RAM), read only memory (ROM), and the like. Non volatile media includes, for example, NVRAM, or magnetic or optical disks. Volatile media includes dynamic memory,
such as main memory. Common forms of computer-readable

before performance of the process or operation. Human input is deemed to be material if such input in?uences hoW the process or operation Will be performed. Human input that
consents to the performance of the process or operation is not deemed to be material.

media include, for example, a ?oppy disk (including Without

limitation a Bernoulli cartridge, ZIP drive, and JAZ drive), a ?exible disk, hard disk, magnetic tape or cassettes, or any

other magnetic medium, magneto-optical medium, a digital

video disk (such as CD-ROM), any other optical medium, punch cards, paper tape, any other physical medium With
patterns of holes, a RAM, a PROM, and EPROM, a FLASH EPROM, a solid state medium like a memory card, any other
memory chip or cartridge, a carrier Wave as described here inafter, or any other medium from Which a computer can read.

[0043]

The term application refers to application soft

Ware, also knoWn as an application or an app, is computer

softWare designed to help the user to perform speci?c tasks.

Examples include satellite location and navigation softWare, social networking softWare, gaming softWare, Word process

ing softWare, graphics softWare, and media players. Applica

tion softWare is contrasted With system softWare and middle Ware, Which manage and integrate a computers capabilities,

A digital ?le attachment to e-mail or other self-contained

information archive or set of archives is considered a distri

but typically do not directly apply in the performance of tasks

that bene?t the user. The system softWare serves the applica
tion, Which in turn serves the user.

bution medium equivalent to a tangible storage medium. When the computer-readable media is con?gured as a data base, it is to be understood that the database may be any type

[0044]

The term application store refers to a digital appli

of database, such as relational, hierarchical, object-oriented,

and/or the like. Accordingly, the disclosure is considered to include a tangible storage medium or distribution medium

cation distribution platform that alloWs users to broWse and doWnload applications from an online store. Applications are available either for free or at a cost. Appli cations can be doWnloaded directly to a target device. [0045] The term automatic and variations thereof, as used herein, refers to any process or operation done Without material human input When the process or operation is per formed. HoWever, a process or operation can be automatic, even though performance of the process or operation uses material or immaterial human input, if the input is received

and prior art-recognized equivalents and successor media, in Which the softWare implementations of the present disclosure are stored. Computer-readable storage medium commonly

excludes transient storage media, particularly electrical, mag

netic, electromagnetic, optical, magneto-optical signals.

[0049] The terms dash and dashboard and variations thereof, as used herein, are used interchangeably and include any panel and/or area of a vehicle disposed adjacent to an operator, user, and/or passenger. Typical dashboards may
include but are not limited to one or more control panel,

before performance of the process or operation. Human input is deemed to be material if such input in?uences hoW the process or operation Will be performed. Human input that
consents to the performance of the process or operation is not deemed to be material.

instrument housing, head unit, indicator, gauge, meter, light, audio equipment, computer, screen, display, HUD unit, and
graphical user interface. [0050] The term desktop environment is used to refer to a style of GUI through Which the user interfaces With the OS

[0046]

The term automotive navigation system or navi

gation system is a satellite navigation system designed for

use in automobiles. It typically uses a GPS navigation device

using icons, WindoWs, toolbars, folders, and/or desktop Wid

US 2013/0167159A1

Jun. 27, 2013

gets, and is not limited to a personal computer OS. For example, a mobile OS could have a desktop device environ ment, referring to the look and feel of the mobile OS GUI.

or capacitance), acoustic Wave variations, infrared radiation

proximity detection, light variation detection, and the like. In

a resistive touch screen, for example, normally separated
conductive and resistive metallic layers in the screen pass an
electrical current. When a user touches the screen, the tWo

[0051]

The terms determine, calculate and compute,

and variations thereof, as used herein, are used interchange

ably and include any type of methodology, process, math ematical operation or technique. [0052] The term digital distribution (also called content delivery, online distribution, electronic software distribution (ESD), among others) refers to the delivery of media content
such as audio, video, softWare and video games Without the use of physical media usually over online delivery mediums, such as the Internet. The term online distribution is typically

layers make contact in the contacted location, Whereby a change in electrical ?eld is noted and the coordinates of the
contacted location calculated. In a capacitive touch screen, a

capacitive layer stores electrical charge, Which is discharged

to the user upon contact With the touch screen, causing a

decrease in the charge of the capacitive layer. The decrease is measured, and the contacted location coordinates deter
mined. In a surface acoustic Wave touch screen, an acoustic

applied to freestanding products; doWnloadable add-ons for

other products are more commonly knoWn as doWnloadable

Wave is transmitted through the screen, and the acoustic Wave

is disturbed by user contact. A receiving transducer detects

the user contact instance and determines the contacted loca

content. An online service for distribution of application soft Ware is usually called an application store or app store.
Content distributed online may be streamed or doWnloaded.

tion coordinates.

Streaming involves doWnloading and using content on-de

mand as it is needed. MeanWhile, doWnloading content to a

[0059] Utility softWare is system softWare designed to help analyZe, con?gure, optimiZe and/or maintain a com puter. Utility softWare usually focuses on hoW the computer

hard drive or other form of storage media alloWs for quick

access in the future. Specialist netWorks knoWn as content

infrastructure (including the computer hardWare, operating system, application softWare and data storage) operates.
[0060] The term vehicle refers to a device or structure for

delivery netWorks help distribute digital content over the

Internet by ensuring both high availability and high perfor

mance. Alternative technologies for content delivery include

transporting animate and/or inanimate or tangible objects

(e.g., persons and/ or things), such as a self-propelled convey
ance. The term vehicle as used herein includes any convey ance, or model of a conveyance, Where the conveyance Was

peer-to-peer ?le sharing technologies. Content delivery plat

forms create and syndicate content remotely, acting like hosted content management systems.
[0053] The term display refers to a portion of a screen used to display the output of a computer to a user.

originally designed for the purpose of moving one or more

tangible objects, such as people, animals, cargo, and the like.

The term vehicle does not require that a conveyance moves

[0054] The term displayed image refers to an image pro duced on the display. A typical displayed image is a WindoW or desktop. The displayed image may occupy all or a portion

or is capable of movement. Typical vehicles may include but are in no Way limited to cars, trucks, motorcycles, busses,

automobiles, trains, railed conveyances, boats, ships, marine

conveyances, submarine conveyances, aircraft, space craft,

of the display.
[0055] The term means as used herein shall be given its

?ying machines, human-poWered conveyances, and the like.

[0061] The term WindoW refers to a, typically rectangu lar, displayed image on at least part of a display that contains
or provides content different from the rest of the screen. The

broadest possible interpretation in accordance With 35 US. C., Section 112, Paragraph 6. Accordingly, a claim incorpo
rating the term means shall cover all structures, materials, or acts set forth herein, and all of the equivalents thereof. Further, the structures, materials or acts and the equivalents thereof shall include all those described in the summary of the

WindoW may obscure the desktop. [0062] The preceding is a simpli?ed summary of the dis
closure to provide an understanding of some aspects of the
disclosure. This summary is neither an extensive nor exhaus

disclosure, brief description of the draWings, detailed description, abstract, and claims themselves.
[0056] The term module as used herein refers to any

knoWn or later developed hardWare, softWare, ?rmware, arti ?cial intelligence, fuZZy logic, or combination of hardWare and softWare that is capable of performing the functionality
associated With that element. Also, While the disclosure is presented in terms of exemplary embodiments, it should be
appreciated that individual aspects of the disclosure can be

tive overvieW of the disclosure and its various aspects, embodiments, and/ or con?gurations. It is intended neither to identify key or critical elements of the disclosure nor to delin
eate the scope of the disclosure but to present selected con cepts of the disclosure in a simpli?ed form as an introduction

to the more detailed description presented beloW. As Will be

appreciated, other aspects, embodiments, and/or con?gura

tions of the disclosure are possible utiliZing, alone or in com
bination, one or more of the features set forth above or

separately claimed.
[0057] The term satellite positioning system receiver
refers to a Wireless receiver or transceiver to receive and/or

described in detail beloW.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

send location signals from and/or to a satellite positioning

system, such as the Global Positioning System (GPS) (US), GLONASS (Russia), Galileo positioning system (EU), Com pass navigation system (China), and Regional Navigational Satellite System (India).
[0058] The term screen, touch screen, or touchscreen
refers to a physical structure that enables the user to interact

[0063]

Embodiments of the present disclosure are illus

trated in referenced ?gures of the draWings, in Which like numbers refer to like elements throughout the description of

the ?gures.
[0064] FIG. 1 illustrates a computing environment that pro

vides multiple user computing experiences, according to vari

ous embodiments.

With the computer by touching areas on the screen and pro vides information to a user through a display. The touch
screen may sense user contact in a number of different Ways,

[0065] FIG. 2 illustrates an exemplary system architecture for a mobile computing device, according to various embodi
ments.

such as by a change in an electrical parameter (e.g., resistance