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  • Environmental systems and societies PSL, Assignment II

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    CosmicBlue24
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    1. Students sampled the density of tree species in a 20,000 sq m area and calculated the density of Grand Fir trees to be 0.012 trees/sq m. 2. Density was estimated by calculating the number of trees in sample quadrants and taking the mean. 3. Populations show a sigmoid growth curve as the rate of growth increases initially, levels off, and then declines as resources are depleted and organisms die off.

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    Assignment Environmental Science IB Questions Calculate the plant density for the Grand Fir. Describe the method used to collect this data. Explain why populations show a sigmoidal growth curve. ) Define the term species. Outline what is meant by the term climax vegetation and identify which part of the diagram above (A, B or C) contains climax vegetation Suggest two ways in which human activity could affect climax vegetation. (ii) Identify in which part of the diagram above (A, B or C) you would expect to find species with Explain why ecosystems in later stages of succession are likely to be more stable. Explain why the amount of organic matter increases as succession occurs. 2013

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    Assignment Environmental Science IB

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    1. Students sampled the density of tree species in a 20,000 sq m area and calculated the density of Grand Fir trees to be 0.012 trees/sq m. 2. Density was estimated by calculating the number of trees in sample quadrants and taking the mean. 3. Populations show a sigmoid growth curve as the rate of growth increases initially, levels off, and then declines as resources are depleted and organisms die off.

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    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
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    283 views3 pages

    Environmental systems and societies PSL, Assignment II

    Uploaded by

    CosmicBlue24
    1. Students sampled the density of tree species in a 20,000 sq m area and calculated the density of Grand Fir trees to be 0.012 trees/sq m. 2. Density was estimated by calculating the number of trees in sample quadrants and taking the mean. 3. Populations show a sigmoid growth curve as the rate of growth increases initially, levels off, and then declines as resources are depleted and organisms die off.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as RTF, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    of 3

    Environmental systems and

    1. Students investigated a

    societies PSL, Assignment II,

    Max. Marks: 20

    community of trees by sampling a total area of 20

    2 000 m .

    Species Douglas fir (Pseudostuga menziesii) Big Leaf aple (Acer macrophyllum) "rand #ir (Abies grandis) $a%

    !m"er o# plants 30 !0 2$0

    &alc!late t'e plant density #or t'e (rand )ir. 2$0%20000 & 0.012 (1)

    $"%

    *escri"e t'e met'od !sed to collect t'is data. '(e met(od used is estimating density. )stimating density is t(e mean of t(e number of organisms present per s*uare area. '(e process to calculate t(is is by calculating t(e number of t(e re*uired organisms in every *uadrant and t(en find t(e mean of all t(e calculated *uadrants. (3)

    $c%

    Explain +'y pop!lations s'o+ a sigmoidal gro+t' c!rve. +n a population, t(e organisms gro- *uic.ly. '(is mar.s t(e up-ard curve of t(e sigmoidal curve. '(en t(e organisms mature and t(e curve flattens out a bit. '(e ne/t process is t(e declination stage -(ere t(e organisms become old and -ea.. '(ese become easy prey to ot(er predators. '(us t(is becomes t(e do-n-ard curve in t(e sigmoidal curve. 0s a result population displays an S1s(aped curve. (3) $,otal - marks%

    2.

    $a% *e#ine t'e term species. Species are a group of organisms are a group of similar individuals t(at are capable of interbreeding -it( eac( ot(er. '(ey are t(e basic ta/onomic unit. (1)

    '(e figure belo- s(o-s t(e vegetation c(ange over time.

    1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

    1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1

    &

    d e c id u o u s - o o d la n d o a . a n d b irc ( sc ru b

    g ra sse s m o s s e s a n d lic ( e n s d ic o ty le d o n s

    d ic o ty le d o n s - it( ro o t n o d u le s

    ' im e

    $"%

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    State t'e name o# t'e process s'o+n in t'e diagram a"ove. Succession. (1)

    $ii%

    /!tline +'at is meant "y t'e term climax vegetation and identi#y +'ic' part o# t'e diagram a"ove $A, . or &% contains climax vegetation. 2lima/ vegetation is t(e type of vegetation t(at can establis( itself on any given environmental condition and in t(e absence of any ma3or disturbances. 2 s(o-s t(e clima/ vegetation. (2)

    $iii%

    S!ggest t+o +ays in +'ic' '!man activity co!ld a##ect climax vegetation. Deforestation. 4ollutants emitted by factories.

    (2) $c% $i% *ra+ 0S1 and 021 pop!lation gro+t' c!rves on t'e axes "elo+. La"el eac' grap' and t'e axes.

    Population Time Population Time

    $2%

    $ii%

    Identi#y in +'ic' part o# t'e diagram a"ove $A, . or &% yo! +o!ld expect to #ind species +it' S population gro-t( curves. 2 and B 5 population gro-t( curves. 0 and B
    $2%

    $d%

    Explain +'y ecosystems in later stages o# s!ccession are likely to "e more sta"le. '(is is because t(e ecosystem (as reac(ed its ma/imum carrying capacity. '(e carrying capacity of an environment is t(e ma/imum number of organisms it can sustainably (old. (2)

    $e% Explain +'y t'e amo!nt o# organic matter increases as s!ccession occ!rs.
    Succession is a naturally recurring process in t(e ecosystem. Succession is t(e process of c(ange in t(e species structure of an ecological community over time. '(us t(e amount of organic matter .eeps increasing as t(e rate of reproduction is *uite (ig( and t(e deat( rate less. 0s a result t(ere are more organisms and as t(ey die, t(e amount of organic matter increases. (1)

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