2007 Annual Report Conference on Electrical Insulation and Dielectric Phenomena

Power Transmission Lines Maintenance System Base on Google Earth (GE) Platform
School of Electric Power, South China University of Technology Guangzhou, 510640, China 2 Dongguan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation Dongguan, 511700, China * E-mail : liugang@scut.edu.cn
Abstract- All kinds of power grid data can be recorded into particular systems by text formatting only in traditional information system. But almost all of the data of power system have the geographic information. And these will make the staffs feel vapidity and fatigue. Base on Google Earth (GE) visualization platform for the power transmission line management, it can show the data, such as lines, towers, transmission insulators and other related information by GIS, and can be directly displayed on the GE satellite map. And the traditional simplex management database can exchange data with it. This system can support excel format, word format and the data batch input. This system can found GIS management database and the quality and efficiency of the line patrol maintenance real-time monitoring. Equipment contamination accumulating data can be added to the absolute data. And with a combined analysis of environment of equipments in the specific location through satellite pictures, it will be provided effective support program for anti-flashover, lightning warning and equipments cleaning maintenance. The system also has selfregulating and protecting abilities.

Yang Fan1, Liu Gang1*, Chen Xiyang2, Lin Runping2, Xue Chang1
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I INTRODUCTION Transmission network infrastructure is an important component of power system. Its design, construction, operation and maintenance need a lot of resources. Therefore, the operation of transmission networks cost and efficiency will be effected by the power transmission managements validity and economical. And for the all wool and a yard wide design of the transmission line management system , we must fully aware the characteristics of the transmission lines construction and operation and management basic needs. Overall, transmission lines, particularly the high-voltage transmission lines, have very obvious geographical characteristics usually. For example, the transmission lines orientation, span, substations location, the terrain and circumstances where the route across, as well as the weather conditions. Such factors closely related to geographical features, making the regular patrol work is very heavy, also makes the Management information sources are scattered, various and need an analysis with high precision. So, management of the transmission line has inevitable demands on items as below: 1. In order to know the environmental characteristics of the transmission lines and equipments on the lines, the

spatial information effectively ,such as mountains, roads, rivers, buildings, trolly wire and abbr. lines of communication, must be managed; 2. The various transmission lines view , such as mongline plans, tower location plans, equipments practicality charts, can be easily looked over; 3. The data inquiries of the power transmission lines and lines equipments ,such as voltage grade, transmission content, connection mode ,path length, type of the earthing line and power towers type, amount, location materials, can be expediently got; 4. To improve the information-based and automatization level of transmission line construction and maintenance, it should be combined with the terrain feature data, combining meteorological data and other data; 5. According to geographical data, great helps will be provided for decision-making for transmission line maintenance, fault diagnosis and positioning. Evidently, the two-dimensional GIS based on static and non-interactive is clearly unable to meet the requirements. So the three-dimensional transmission management systems based on Google Earth emerge as the times require. With digital elevation model (DEM), we can create a visualization of the real scene. Thereby the user can intuitively understand the interaction between spatial data. II APPLICABILITY OF GOOGLE EARTH PLATFORM Digital Earth was defined by Gore as "a three-dimensional expression of earth can be embedded large numbers of geographic data and multi-resolution." From his concept had elapsed for eight years, Digital Earth has scabbled and had many successful examples, such as in transportation, tourism, environmental protection, the government decision-making and other a number of areas in and overseas. Google Earth software (hereinafter referred to as the "GE") from Keyhole (key hole) Company own the original flagship software. October 27, 2004 GOOGLE announced the acquisition of the Keyhole Corporation, on June 05 launched a series of GE software. GOOGLE define the basic version of GE as a free software, the open-time to be free to use. GOOGLE EARTH satellite images is not a single data source, but the integration of satellite images and aerial data. Part of

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its satellite images are from the American company DigitalGlobe QuickBird (McNair Bird) commercial satellites and EarthSat Corporation (American companies ,majority images from the Landsat-7 satellite), Aerial part of the Blue Sky sources (British companies to Aerial. came related business), Sanborn (United States companies to GIS, geographical data, aerial surveys mainly business). In satellite images, The Pentagon will give each of its three main partners DigitalGlobe. IKONOS and ORBIMAGE billions of dollars in subsidies. As return, these companies are natural giving the satellite data to the Pentagon as a military application at the first time, but also certain sensitive regions in the time frame does not allow commercial. Of course, these companies sales the still images without restrictions, like Keyhole (later GOOGLE EARTH), which is one buyer of DigitalGlobe, China have many business cooperation with DG company. There has a city government purchase the capitals satellite images of its provincial from the company, the whole size of a total is 6GB, cost of several million RMB. Another, Guangdong in 2004 bought a total area more than 2,500 square kilometers of satellite images, a total cost of 1.46 million RMB (McNair Bird's multi-band synthetic color images against the mainland price is about 30 dollars / sq.km., Taiwan prices as well., of course, prices will be more expensive if speaking for). GE's global landscape images effective resolution is 100 meters at least, usually 30 meters (exempli gratia mainland China) Perspective altitude (Eye alt) about 15 km (the articles in the video of 30 meters width is a Pixel spot, and it will be a mosaic if more larger), but especially in major cities, a famous beauty spot, Buildings region will provide a resolution of 1m and about 0.6m highprecision images, Perspective height (Eye alt) were about 500 meters and 350 meters. Now the provided high-precision images are mostly concentrated in the cities of North America and Europe, often in other parts is the capital city or very important city. Although GE now on the opening of satellite pictures for China is relatively small, only have major cities. Chinas satellites have managed to achieve a higher level, just does not put the satellite information commercialization and civilians. But this does not impede the project's research. Instead, the study indicates there will be very practical value and the prospects for far-reaching. Aerial photographic surveying can be used to draw on the analysis of the scale about satellite images and maps. They have the similar principles on maps, and aerial photography has a large of measure experience and experimental data, its technologies are already very mature. There is not directly the image resolution in Aerial photography survey, but we can infer it through the camera lens resolution and the requirements of photographic scale. Aerial camera lenses resolution which expressed the lines smallest width of a picture to distinguish through aerial photography (doesnt consider film and paper resolution). In aerial norms (GB/T 15661-1995) provides the effective of camera lens area Resolution " Each of not less than 25 mm on the line, " Under the resolution and photographic lens can estimate the

corresponding ground resolution of panoptic aerial photograph :D=M/R (M: photography Scale; R: the lens resolution). According to the above formula and the norms of aerial scale requirements, we have the Table 1 as a reference of satellite images resolution.
TABLE I Vision Ground Resolution preset scale 1:5000 1:10000 1:25000 1:50000 aerial photograph scale 1:100001:20000 1:20000-1:40000 1:25000-1:60000 1:35000-1:80000 ground image resolution /m 0.4-0.8 0.8-1.6 1.0-2.4 1.4-3.2

From table 1 it can be seen that although the larger scale map, the higher the image resolution, but it was not a linear relationship. Satellite image resolutions choices, in addition to considering scale maps has different requirements on the image resolution, should also consider the existing available satellite imagery products specification. Because satellite photography is different from the aerial photography, its photographic height (that is, photographic scale) was fixed. Addressed before, GE's image data from different sources into two categories : one category is HDTV images ,a resolution in 2 ft ~ 8.2ft; a category is non-HDTV images, a resolution in the 98.43ft~1,640.42ft. Different areas covered with different resolution satellite images, but because of political, military and economic purposes, Google also intends to or forced to, or reduce the shielding of some sensitive areas satellite images resolution. Although GE various areas covered by the satellite image, but that construct three-dimensional ground terrain models based on the same data. GE models accuracy is not clear whether by the images vary. HDTV images only help to identify the target, and affect nothing to the model accuracy. In order to evaluate the true accuracy of GE three-dimensional model correct scientific and accurately, we used the Vehicle GPS of 16.4ft accuracy along the highway, National highway and the general collection to collect the data in various routes. There is a total of 30,000 points with a three-dimensional WGS-84 coordinate, which represent the ground measurements of plains and hills, the following analysis.
III ARCHITECTURE OF POWER TRANSMISSION LINES MAINTENANCE SYSTEM BASE ON GE PLATFORM

After the analysis to existing transmission network management and GE, following aspects give the difficulties and concerns Key how GE platform based on will combine with the power transmission visual and effective: 1. How to exploit on GE platform; 2. How to articulate platform system and transmission information; 3. How to achieve the management and maintenance of the systems information largely, regularly and nonmanual intervention;

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How to achieve the platform database transferring through data link call; 5. How to achieve the association of the system with decontamination flashover warning Software; 6. How to achieve the association of the system with the Lightning Positioning System; 7. Databases management and maintenance. Only by solving these seven key technical and difficult, the platform based on GE can be developed and applied to work practically. Therefore, we put forward some requirements and planning of the platform for the systems function: 1. System safety Solve the competence of the administrators and security-related issues; Solve the security issues of the database data; 2. Achieving of the geography-related function; Show the geographical information platform of the lines and towers; Distinguish the different voltage lines with between different colors, linetype and the height of visual display; Show the coordinate excursion of multi-circuit Transmission Lines on the same tower (to differentiate to it visually); The realization of the tower-based visual information display; Distinguish the different tower-type with different icon; Display the insulators information; The information of circuits, tower coordinates and insulator and data synchronization updates; 3. Achieve the functions of the line maintenance information-related. Establish the line maintenance management database, including lineman management, tower photographs database, troubleshooting database and the Hidden Fault database; To enable users of the systems platform through the link easily see pictures related to the equipment and fault information. 4. The management of the illegal construction Achieving display the illegal construction on the platform; To enable users of the systems platform can easily link to check illegal constructions location, area, Photo field and risk information. 5. The function of FLASHOVER information Display the pollution zones on the platform; Display the pollution source on the platform; Auto-link to the automatic meteorological stations, and show the meteorological data; Achieve FLASHOVER warning projects to monitor insulator information and visual information display of the sordid collection information; Achieve Association to FLASHOVER warning Software, show Flashover warning information;

4.

6.

7.

Achieve display and management of the sweeping insulator information; Achieve to produce new sewage distribution map under existing data. Lightning strike management Association with LLS, display lightning strike on the platform When lightning flashover happen; Show the density of Lightning strike Able to vision lightning Protection of the key point. System management and maintenance Update the GE maps automatically or manually; Read and generate layer data; Complete icon creation and management software; Establishment of the database; Database management; Function of database interface.
IV ADVANTAGES OF POWER TRANSMISSION LINES MAINTENANCE SYSTEM BASE ON GE PLATFORM

GE platform based on the transmission line visualization management can achieve transmission line GIS visual, managers can directly see the line location, the direction of their environment, and other information, make a great convenience to maintenance management; types of equipment can be achieved and in-kind visual images, so that the management and maintenance personnel can easily understand each type of equipment, make the maintenance work more targeted; achieved insulation flashover information visual such as equipment failure and hidden dangers of, offer the overall planning for the maintenance. Achieved conjunction with flashover warning software, enable managers to the platform easy to see the pollutant distribution, Flashover warning information, and other important information, make antipollution work more smooth; It can achieve the visual lightning information, enable managers to easily understand lightning density distribution, to facilitate the lightningproof work.
V CONCLUSIONS

The paper have initial exploration on the availability and accuracy, and analysis the power transmission network visualization management, planning on the platform and the development of the software in detail, A part of software has been completed and entered the testing phase. Be bold prediction: With GE on high-resolution satellite image data accumulation of modeling technology to maturity, network bandwidth continues to increase, and the software functions continuously improved and strengthened. GE through satellite imaging data transmission will make it possible to create realtime GIS system and the ground elevation modeling construction technology more powerful and useful. This will change the domestic part of GIS industry the industrial layout, and profound impact on the associated engineering industry. We believe that the satellite information is more civilians, based on GE platform software system is not only used in
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electricity, oil industries, it will become indispensable partners of our future life. ACKNOWLEDGMENT

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We gratefully acknowledge Dongguan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation. In this study, Dongguan Power Supply Bureau of Guangdong Power Grid Corporation provided data analysis and other supports REFERENCES
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