VNQ830M

QUAD CHANNEL HIGH SIDE DRIVER

TYPE VNQ830M
(*) Per each channel

RDS(on) 60 m (*)

IOUT 6 A (*)

VCC 36 V

CMOS COMPATIBLE INPUTS OPEN DRAIN STATUS OUTPUTS I ON STATE OPEN LOAD DETECTION I OFF STATE OPEN LOAD DETECTION I SHORTED LOAD PROTECTION I UNDERVOLTAGE AND OVERVOLTAGE SHUTDOWN I LOSS OF GROUND PROTECTION I VERY LOW STAND-BY CURRENT
I I I

SO-28 (DOUBLE ISLAND) ORDER CODES

PACKAGE TUBE VNQ830M T&R VNQ830M13TR

SO-28

REVERSE BATTERY PROTECTION (**)

DESCRIPTION The VNQ830M is a quad HSD formed by assembling two VND830M chips in the same SO28 package. The VND830M is a monolithic device made by using| STMicroelectronics VIPower M03 Technology. The VNQ830M is intended for driving any type of multiple loads with one side connected to ground. Active V CC pin voltage clamp protects the device ABSOLUTE MAXIMUM RATING
Symbol VCC - VCC - IGND IOUT - IOUT IIN ISTAT

against low energy spikes (see ISO7637 transient compatibility table). Active current limitation combined with thermal shutdown and automatic restart protects the device against overload. The device detects open load condition both in on and off state. The openload threshold is aimed at detecting the 5W/12V standard bulb as an openload fault in the on state. Output shorted to VCC is detected in the off state. Device automatically turns off in case of ground pin disconnection.

Parameter DC Supply Voltage Reverse DC Supply Voltage DC Reverse Ground Pin Current DC Output Current Reverse DC Output Current DC Input Current DC Status Current Electrostatic Discharge (Human Body Model: R=1.5K; C=100pF) - INPUT - STATUS - OUTPUT - VCC Power Dissipation Tpins=25C Maximum Switching Energy (L=1mH; RL=0; Vbat=13.5V; Tjstart=150C; IL=10.5A) Junction Operating Temperature Storage Temperature

Value 41 - 0.3 - 200 Internally Limited -6 +/- 10 +/- 10 4000 4000 5000 5000 6.25 77 Internally Limited - 55 to 150

Unit V V mA A A mA mA V V V V W mJ C C

VESD

Ptot EMAX Tj Tstg

(**) See application schematic at page 9

January 2003

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VNQ830M
BLOCK DIAGRAM

VCC1,2

Vcc CLAMP

OVERVOLTAGE

UNDERVOLTAGE

GND1,2

CLAMP 1 OUTPUT1 DRIVER 1 CLAMP 2

INPUT1

STATUS1 CURRENT LIMITER 1 LOGIC OVERTEMP. 1 OPENLOAD ON 1 CURRENT LIMITER 2 INPUT2 OPENLOAD OFF 1 STATUS2 OPENLOAD ON 2 DRIVER 2 OUTPUT2

OPENLOAD OFF 2 OVERTEMP. 2 VCC3,4 Vcc CLAMP OVERVOLTAGE UNDERVOLTAGE GND3,4 INPUT3 CLAMP 3 OUTPUT3 DRIVER 3 CLAMP 4 STATUS3 CURRENT LIMITER 3 OVERTEMP. 3 LOGIC OPENLOAD ON 3 CURRENT LIMITER 4 INPUT4 OPENLOAD OFF 3 STATUS4 OPENLOAD OFF 4 OVERTEMP. 4 OPENLOAD ON 4 DRIVER 4 OUTPUT4

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VNQ830M
CURRENT AND VOLTAGE CONVENTIONS
IS1,2 VCC1,2 IIN1 VIN1 VSTAT1 VIN2 VSTAT2 VIN3 VSTAT3 ISTAT1 IIN2 ISTAT2 IIN3 ISTAT3 IIN4 INPUT1 STATUS1 INPUT2 STATUS2 INPUT3 STATUS3 INPUT4 STATUS4 GND1,2 IGND1,2 OUTPUT3 IOUT4 OUTPUT4 GND3,4 IGND3,4 VOUT4 VOUT3 OUTPUT2 IOUT3 VOUT2 OUTPUT1 IOUT2 IOUT1 VOUT1 VCC1,2 VCC3,4 IS3,4 VCC3,4

VIN4 ISTAT4 VSTAT4

CONNECTION DIAGRAM (TOP VIEW)

VCC1,2 GND 1,2 INPUT1 STATUS1 STATUS2 INPUT2 VCC1,2 VCC3,4 GND 3,4 INPUT3 STATUS3 STATUS4 INPUT4 VCC3,4

28

VCC1,2 OUTPUT1 OUTPUT1 OUTPUT1 OUTPUT2 OUTPUT2 OUTPUT2 OUTPUT3 OUTPUT3 OUTPUT3 OUTPUT4 OUTPUT4 OUTPUT4

14

15

VCC3,4

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VNQ830M
THERMAL DATA (Per island)
Symbol Rthj-lead Rthj-amb Rthj-amb Parameter Thermal Resistance Junction-lead per chip Thermal Resistance Junction-ambient Thermal Resistance Junction-ambient (two chips ON) Value 20 60 (*) 46 (*) Unit C/W C/W C/W

(*) When mounted on a standard single-sided FR-4 board with 0.5cm2 of Cu (at least 35m thick) connected to all VCC pins. Horizontal mounting and no artificial air flow.

ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (8V<VCC<36V; -40C< Tj <150C, unless otherwise specified) POWER OUTPUT (Per each channel)
Symbol VCC (**) VUSD (**) VOV (**) Ron Parameter Operating Supply Voltage Undervoltage Shut-down Overvoltage Shut-down On State Resistance Test Conditions Min 5.5 3 36 Typ 13 4 Max 36 5.5 60 12 Off State; VCC=13V; VIN=VOUT=0V IS (**) Supply Current Off State; VCC=13V; VIN=VOUT=0V; Tj =25C On State; VCC=13V; VIN=5V; IOUT=0A 5 IL(off1) IL(off2) IL(off3) IL(off4) Off State Output Current Off State Output Current Off State Output Current Off State Output Current VIN=VOUT=0V VIN=0V; VOUT=3.5V VIN=VOUT=0V; VCC=13V; Tj =125C VIN=VOUT=0V; VCC=13V; Tj =25C 0 -75 7 50 0 5 3 mA A A A A 12 25 A 120 40 Unit V V V m m A

IOUT=2A; Tj=25C IOUT=2A; VCC>8V

SWITCHING (Per each Channel) (VCC =13V)

Symbol td(on) td(off) Parameter Turn-on Delay Time Turn-off Delay Time Test Conditions RL=6.5 from VIN rising edge to VOUT=1.3V RL=6.5 from VIN falling edge to VOUT=11.7V RL=6.5 from VOUT=1.3V to VOUT=10.4V RL=6.5 from VOUT=11.7V to VOUT=1.3V Min Typ Max 30 30 See relative diagram See relative diagram Unit s s V/s

dVOUT/dt(on) Turn-on Voltage Slope

dVOUT/dt(off) Turn-off Voltage Slope

V/s

LOGIC INPUT (Per each channel)

Symbol VIL IIL VIH IIH VI(hyst) VICL
(**) Per island

Parameter Input Low Level Low Level Input Current Input High Level High Level Input Current Input Hysteresis Voltage Input Clamp Voltage

Test Conditions VIN=1.25V VIN=3.25V IIN=1mA IIN=-1mA

Min 1 3.25

Typ

Max 1.25

10 0.5 6 6.8 -0.7 8

Unit V A V A V V V

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VNQ830M
ELECTRICAL CHARACTERISTICS (continued) VCC - OUTPUT DIODE
Symbol VF Parameter Forward on Voltage Test Conditions -IOUT=2A; Tj=150C Min Typ Max 0.6 Unit V

STATUS PIN (Per each channel)

Symbol VSTAT ILSTAT CSTAT VSCL Parameter Test Conditions Status Low Output Voltage ISTAT=1.6mA Status Leakage Current Normal Operation; VSTAT=5V Status Pin Input Normal Operation; VSTAT=5V Capacitance ISTAT=1mA Status Clamp Voltage ISTAT=-1mA Min Typ Max 0.5 10 100 6 6.8 -0.7 8 Unit V A pF V V

PROTECTIONS (Per each channel)

Symbol TTSD TR Thyst tSDL Ilim Vdemag Parameter Shut-down Temperature Reset Temperature Thermal Hysteresis Status Delay in Overload Conditions Current limitation Turn-off Output Clamp Voltage Test Conditions Min 150 135 7 Typ 175 15 20 6 5.5V<VCC<36V IOUT=2A; L=6mH 10.5 15 15 VCC-41 VCC-48 VCC-55 Max 200 Unit C C C s A A V

Tj>TTSD

OPENLOAD DETECTION (per each channel)

Symbol IOL tDOL(on) VOL tDOL(off) Parameter Openload ON State Detection Threshold Openload ON State Detection Delay Openload OFF State Voltage Detection Threshold Openload Detection Delay at Turn Off Test Conditions VIN=5V IOUT=0A VIN=0V 1.5 2.5 Min 0.6 Typ 0.9 Max 1.2 200 3.5 1000 Unit A s V s

OPEN LOAD STATUS TIMING (with external pull-up) IOUT < IOL VOUT > VOL VINn VINn

OVER TEMP STATUS TIMING Tj > TTSD

VSTATn

VSTATn tSDL tDOL(off) tDOL(on) tSDL

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VNQ830M

Switching time Waveforms

VOUTn 90% 80%

dVOUT/dt(on)

dVOUT/dt(off)

10% t VINn

td(on)

td(off)

TRUTH TABLE
CONDITIONS Normal Operation Current Limitation Overtemperature Undervoltage Overvoltage Output Voltage > VOL Output Current < IOL INPUT L H L H H L H L H L H L H L H OUTPUT L H L X X L L L L L L H H L H STATUS H H H (Tj < TTSD) H (Tj > TTSD) L H L X X H H L H H L

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VNQ830M
ELECTRICAL TRANSIENT REQUIREMENTS ON VCC PIN
ISO T/R 7637/1 Test Pulse 1 2 3a 3b 4 5 ISO T/R 7637/1 Test Pulse 1 2 3a 3b 4 5 CLASS C E I -25 V +25 V -25 V +25 V -4 V +26.5 V II -50 V +50 V -50 V +50 V -5 V +46.5 V TEST LEVELS III -75 V +75 V -100 V +75 V -6 V +66.5 V TEST LEVELS RESULTS II III C C C C C C C C C C E E IV -100 V +100 V -150 V +100 V -7 V +86.5 V Delays and Impedance 2 ms 10 0.2 ms 10 0.1 s 50 0.1 s 50 100 ms, 0.01 400 ms, 2

I C C C C C C

IV C C C C C E

CONTENTS All functions of the device are performed as designed after exposure to disturbance. One or more functions of the device is not performed as designed after exposure and cannot be returned to proper operation without replacing the device.

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VNQ830M
Figure 1: Waveforms

NORMAL OPERATION INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUSn UNDERVOLTAGE VUSDhyst VUSD INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUS undefined

VCC

OVERVOLTAGE VCC<VOV VCC INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUSn OPEN LOAD with external pull-up INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUSn OPEN LOAD without external pull-up INPUTn LOAD VOLTAGEn STATUSn VOL VOUT>VOL VCC>VOV

Tj INPUTn LOAD CURRENTn STATUSn

TTSD TR

OVERTEMPERATURE

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VNQ830M
APPLICATION SCHEMATIC
+5V +5V +5V VCC1,2 Rprot STATUS1 VCC3,4

Rprot

INPUT1 Dld

Rprot

STATUS2

OUTPUT1

Rprot
C

INPUT2

Rprot

STATUS3

OUTPUT2

Rprot

OUTPUT3 INPUT3

Rprot

STATUS4 OUTPUT4 INPUT4 GND1,2 GND3,4

Rprot

RGND +5V +5V VGND DGND

Note: Channels 3 & 4 have the same internal circuit as channel 1 & 2.

GND PROTECTION REVERSE BATTERY

NETWORK

AGAINST

Solution 1: Resistor in the ground line (RGND only). This can be used with any type of load. The following is an indication on how to dimension the RGND resistor. 1) RGND 600mV / 2(IS(on)max). 2) RGND (VCC) / (-IGND) where -IGND is the DC reverse ground pin current and can be found in the absolute maximum rating section of the devices datasheet. Power Dissipation in RGND (when VCC<0: during reverse battery situations) is:

PD= (-VCC)2/RGND This resistor can be shared amongst several different HSD. Please note that the value of this resistor should be calculated with formula (1) where IS(on)max becomes the sum of the maximum on-state currents of the different devices. Please note that if the microprocessor ground is not common with the device ground then the RGND will produce a shift (IS(on)max * RGND) in the input thresholds and the status output values. This shift will vary depending on how many devices are ON in the case of several high side drivers sharing the same RGND. If the calculated power dissipation leads to a large resistor or several devices have to share the same resistor then the ST suggests to utilize Solution 2.

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VNQ830M

Solution 2: A diode (DGND) in the ground line. A resistor (RGND=1k) should be inserted in parallel to DGND if the device will be driving an inductive load. This small signal diode can be safely shared amongst several different HSD. Also in this case, the presence of the ground network will produce a shift (j600mV) in the input threshold and the status output values if the microprocessor ground is not common with the device ground. This shift will not vary if more than one HSD shares the same diode/resistor network.

C I/Os PROTECTION:
If a ground protection network is used and negative transients are present on the VCC line, the control pins will be pulled negative. ST suggests to insert a resistor (Rprot) in line to prevent the C I/Os pins to latch-up. The value of these resistors is a compromise between the leakage current of C and the current required by the HSD I/Os (Input levels compatibility) with the latch-up limit of C I/Os. -VCCpeak/Ilatchup Rprot (VOHC-VIH-VGND) / IIHmax Calculation example: For VCCpeak= - 100V and Ilatchup 20mA; VOHC 4.5V 5k Rprot 65k. Recommended Rprot value is 10k.

LOAD DUMP PROTECTION

Dld is necessary (Voltage Transient Suppressor) if the load dump peak voltage exceeds VCC max DC rating. The same applies if the device will be subject to transients on the VCC line that are greater than the ones shown in the ISO T/R 7637/1 table.

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VNQ830M
OPEN LOAD DETECTION IN OFF STATE
Off state open load detection requires an external pull-up resistor (RPU) connected between OUTPUT pin and a positive supply voltage (VPU) like the +5V line used to supply the microprocessor. The external resistor has to be selected according to the following requirements: 1) no false open load indication when load is connected: in this case we have to avoid VOUT to be higher than VOlmin; this results in the following condition VOUT=(VPU/(RL+RPU))RL<VOlmin. 2) no misdetection when load is disconnected: in this case the VOUT has to be higher than VOLmax; this results in the following condition RPU<(VPUVOLmax)/ IL(off2). Because Is(OFF) may significantly increase if Vout is pulled high (up to several mA), the pull-up resistor RPU should be connected to a supply that is switched OFF when the module is in standby. The values of VOLmin, VOLmax and IL(off2) are available in the Electrical Characteristics section.

Open Load detection in off state

V batt.

VPU

VCC RPU INPUT DRIVER + LOGIC OUT + R STATUS VOL RL IL(off2)

GROUND

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VNQ830M
Off State Output Current
IL(off1) (uA)
2.5 2.25 2 1.75 1.5 1.25 1 0.75 0.5 0.25 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

High Level Input Current

Iih (uA)
5 4.5

Off state Vcc=36V Vin=Vout=0V

Vin=3.25V
4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Tc (C)

Tc (C)

Input Clamp Voltage

Vicl (V)
8 7.8

Status Leakage Current

Ilstat (uA)
0.05

Iin=1mA
7.6 7.4 7.2 7 6.8 6.6 6.4 6.2 6 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04

Vstat=5V

Tc (C)

Tc (C)

Status Low Output Voltage

Vstat (V)
0.8 0.7

Status Clamp Voltage

Vscl (V)
8 7.8

Istat=1.6mA
0.6

Istat=1mA
7.6 7.4

0.5 0.4 0.3 0.2

7.2 7 6.8 6.6 6.4

0.1 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

6.2 6 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Tc (C)

Tc (C)

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VNQ830M
On State Resistance Vs Tcase
Ron (mOhm)
160 140 120 100 70 80 60 40 40 20 10 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 30 20 60 50

On State Resistance Vs VCC

Ron (mOhm)
120 110

Tc=150C

Iout=2A Vcc=8V; 13V & 36V

100 90 80

Tc=25C

Tc= - 40C

Iout=5A

Tc (C)

Vcc (V)

Openload On State Detection Threshold

Iol (mA)
1250 1200 1150 1100 1050 1000 950 900

Input High Level

Vih (V)
3.6 3.4

Vcc=13V Vin=5V

3.2 3 2.8 2.6 2.4

850 800 750 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175 2.2 2 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Tc (C)

Tc (C)

Input Low Level

Vil (V)
2.6 2.4 2.2

Input Hysteresis Voltage

Vhyst (V)
1.5 1.4 1.3 1.2

2 1.8 1.6 1.4

1.1 1 0.9 0.8 0.7

1.2 1 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

0.6 0.5 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Tc (C)

Tc (C)

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VNQ830M
Overvoltage Shutdown
Vov (V)
50 48 46 44 42 40 38 36 34 32 30 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Openload Off State Voltage Detection Threshold

Vol (V)
5 4.5

Vin=0V
4 3.5 3 2.5 2 1.5 1 0.5 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Tc (C)

Tc (C)

Turn-on Voltage Slope

dVout/dt(on) (V/ms)
800 700 600 500 400 300 200 100 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Turn-off Voltage Slope

dVout/dt(off) (V/ms)
600 550

Vcc=13V Rl=6.5Ohm

Ri=6.5Ohm
500 450 400 350 300 250 200 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Tc (C)

Tc (C)

ILIM Vs Tcase
Ilim (A)
20 18

Vcc=13V
16 14 12 10 8 6 4 2 0 -50 -25 0 25 50 75 100 125 150 175

Tc (C)

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VNQ830M
Maximum turn off current versus load inductance

ILMAX (A) 100

10
A B C

1 0.1 1 L(mH)
A = Single Pulse at TJstart=150C B= Repetitive pulse at TJstart=100C C= Repetitive Pulse at TJstart=125C Conditions: VCC=13.5V Values are generated with RL=0 In case of repetitive pulses, Tjstart (at beginning of each demagnetization) of every pulse must not exceed the temperature specified above for curves B and C. VIN, IL Demagnetization Demagnetization Demagnetization

10

100

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VNQ830M

SO-28 DOUBLE ISLAND THERMAL DATA

SO-28 Double island PC Board

Layout condition of Rth and Zth measurements (PCB FR4 area= 58mm x 58mm, PCB thickness=2mm, Cu thickness=35m, Copper areas: 0.5cm2, 3cm2, 6cm2).

Thermal calculation according to the PCB heatsink area

Chip 1 ON OFF ON ON Chip 2 OFF ON ON ON Tjchip1 RthA x Pdchip1 + Tamb RthC x Pdchip2 + Tamb RthB x (Pdchip1 + Pdchip2) + Tamb (RthA x Pdchip1) + RthC x Pdchip2 + Tamb Tjchip2 Note RthC x Pdchip1 + Tamb RthA x Pdchip2 + Tamb RthB x (Pdchip1 + Pdchip2) + Tamb Pdchip1=Pdchip2 (RthA x Pdchip2) + RthC x Pdchip1 + Tamb Pdchip1Pdchip2

RthA = Thermal resistance Junction to Ambient with one chip ON RthB = Thermal resistance Junction to Ambient with both chips ON and Pdchip1=Pdchip2 RthC = Mutual thermal resistance

Rthj-amb Vs. PCB copper area in open box free air condition

RTHj_am b (C/W) 70 60 50
RthA

40 30 20 10 0 1 2 3 4 5 PCB Cu heatsink area (cm ^2)/island 6 7

RthB

RthC

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VNQ830M
SO-28 Thermal Impedance Junction Ambient Single Pulse

Zth(C/W )
100
0 , 5 cm^ 2 /i s l an d 3 cm ^ 2 / i s l an d 6 cm^ 2 /i s l an d

10

One channel ON

Two channels ON on same chip

0.1

0.01 1E-04 0.001 0.01

0.1

10

100

1000

tim e (s )

Thermal fitting model of a four channels HSD in SO-28

Pulse calculation formula

Z TH = RTH + Z THtp ( 1 )
where

Tj_1

= tp T
0.5 0.15 0.8 4.5 11 15 5 0.0006 2.10E-03 6.00E-03 0.2 1.5 5 150 6

C1

C2

C3

C4

C5

C6

Thermal Parameter
Area/island (cm2) R1=R7=R13=R15 (C/W) R2=R8=R14=R16 (C/W) R3=R9 (C/W) R4=R10 (C/W) R5=R11 (C/W) R6=R12 (C/W) C1=C7=C13=C15 (W.s/C) C2=C8=C14=C16 (W.s/C) C3=C9 (W.s/C) C4=C10 (W.s/C) C5=C11 (W.s/C) C6=C12 (W.s/C) R17=R18 (C/W)

R1 Pd1

R2

R3

R4

R5

R6

Tj_2
Pd2

C13

C14

R13

R14

R17

R18

Tj_3
Pd3

C7

C8

C9

C10

C11

C12

13

R7

R8

R9

R10

R11

R12

Tj_4
Pd4

C15

C16

R15

R16

T_amb

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VNQ830M

SO-28 MECHANICAL DATA

DIM. A a1 b b1 C c1 D E e e3 F L S 7.40 0.40 17.7 10.00 1.27 16.51 7.60 1.27 8 (max.) 0.291 0.016 18.1 10.65 0.10 0.35 0.23 0.50 45 (typ.) 0.697 0.393 0.050 0.650 0.299 0.050 0.713 0.419 mm. MIN. TYP MAX. 2.65 0.30 0.49 0.32 0.004 0.013 0.009 0.020 MIN. inch TYP. MAX. 0.104 0.012 0.019 0.012

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VNQ830M
SO-28 TUBE SHIPMENT (no suffix) Base Q.ty Bulk Q.ty Tube length ( 0.5) A B C ( 0.1)
All dimensions are in mm.
A

C B

28 700 532 3.5 13.8 0.6

TAPE AND REEL SHIPMENT (suffix 13TR) REEL DIMENSIONS

Base Q.ty Bulk Q.ty A (max) B (min) C ( 0.2) F G (+ 2 / -0) N (min) T (max) 1000 1000 330 1.5 13 20.2 16.4 60 22.4

TAPE DIMENSIONS
According to Electronic Industries Association (EIA) Standard 481 rev. A, Feb 1986 Tape width Tape Hole Spacing Component Spacing Hole Diameter Hole Diameter Hole Position Compartment Depth Hole Spacing W P0 ( 0.1) P D ( 0.1/-0) D1 (min) F ( 0.05) K (max) P1 ( 0.1) 16 4 12 1.5 1.5 7.5 6.5 2
End

All dimensions are in mm.

Start Top cover tape 500mm min Empty components pockets saled with cover tape. User direction of feed 500mm min No components Components No components

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VNQ830M

Information furnished is believed to be accurate and reliable. However, STMicroelectronics assumes no responsibility for the consequences of use of such information nor for any infringement of patents or other rights of third parties which may results from its use. No license is granted by implication or otherwise under any patent or patent rights of STMicroelectronics. Specifications mentioned in this publication are subject to change without notice. This publication supersedes and replaces all information previously supplied. STMicroelectronics products are not authorized for use as critical components in life support devices or systems without express written approval of STMicroelectronics. The ST logo is a trademark of STMicroelectronics 2002 STMicroelectronics - Printed in ITALY- All Rights Reserved. STMicroelectronics GROUP OF COMPANIES Australia - Brazil - Canada - China - Finland - France - Germany - Hong Kong - India - Israel - Italy - Japan - Malaysia Malta - Morocco - Singapore - Spain - Sweden - Switzerland - United Kingdom - U.S.A. http://www.st.com

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