Community Building

1
Client Stage Sign-Off Form
PROJECT:
MAFRAQ TECHNOLOGY CITY
DOCUMENT NAME: STAGE COMPLETED: FILE REFERENCE:
RESIDENTIAL NODE: COMMUNITY BUILDING STAGE D
4007-0.04- REPORTS & IMAGES / 1 REPORTS / 2 ISSUED / STAGE D / COMMUNITY BUILDING
REVISION:
PRESENTED TO CLIENT ON:
24/06/2011
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF REPORT CONTENT:
Index Architecture Structures MEP Services
DOCUMENT PREPARED BY:
DOCUMENT CHECKED BY:
DOCUMENT RECEIVED BY:
ARCHITECT
ASSOCIATE / DIRECTOR
SAUDI JORDAN COMPANY / HAYSSAM AL MASRI
MAFRAQ INDUSTRIAL CITY
05 Community Building - Stage D
MAFRAQ
M A S T E R P L A
INDUSTRIAL CITY
N
Al Mafraq
05 RESIDENTIAL NODE COMMUNITY BUILDING
INDEX ARCHITECTURE DRAWINGS STRUCTURES REPORT & DRAWINGS MEP SERVICES REPORT & DRAWINGS
INDEX
4 3 5 6
Residential Node Buildings

1. Hostel - Single Bed 2. Hostel - 2 Bed 3. Hostel - 4 Bed 4. Hub 5. Community Building 6. Retail Ring 7. Mosque 8. Refuse / Bike Store
Index of Command Centre Area and Residential Node Buildings

The table below outlines the key buildings and the stages completed.
BUILDING
COMMAND CENTRE
AREA
1054 SQM
ZONE
COMMAND CENTRE
AB
D+
COMMENTS
See separate report

Now incorporated within infrastructure design
See separate report
KIOSK MINI MARKET
120 SQM
COMMAND CENTRE
See separate report
ENTERPRISE PARK MOSQUE
417 SQM
COMMAND CENTRE
HOSTEL - 4 BED LOW SKILLED
6130 SQM
NODE
HOSTEL - 2 BED MEDIUM SKILLED
2564 SQM
NODE
HOSTEL - SINGLE BED HIGH SKILLED
2000 SQM
NODE
COMMUNITY BUILDING
775 SQM
NODE
RESIDENTIAL NODE MOSQUE
1781 SQM
NODE
RETAIL
36 SQM/ BUILDING
NODE
HUB
188 SQM
NODE
ARCHITECTURE
STRUCTURES

Structural Engineering Stage D+ Report Community Centre
for
Camillin Denny Architects
24 June 2011
project no. 8227
Ramboll
60 Newman Street London W1T 3DA, United Kingdom tel +44 (0)20 7631 5291 fax +44 (0)20 7323 4645 london@ramboll.co.uk
CONTENTS
Section Item 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY INTRODUCTION SITE LOCATION AND CLIMATE GROUND CONDITIONS AND SEISMICITY PROPOSED STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS OUTLINE MATERIALS SPECIFICATION DESIGN CRITERIA ROBUSTNESS ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS
Page 2 2 3 4 6 9 12 15 15 16 16
10 HEALTH SAFETY AND WELFARE 11 REFERENCES
Revision History
Rev 1 Date 24/6/11 Purpose/Status Stage D+ Document Ref. RUK-8227-Co-RP-001 Comments Issued for stage D+
Prepared by:
Reviewed by:
Approved by:
Edward Grant Design Engineer
Kate Waldron Associate
Alan Bunting Associate Director
1 1.1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY As part of the Mafraq Industrial City development clusters of residential buildings, called nodes, will be built to house foreign and single local workers within walking distance of their place of employment. The nodes will comprise of 4 main types of building: Residential Hostels Community Buildings Mosques Retail Buildings
2 2.1 2.2
INTRODUCTION This report details the structural engineering concept design of the community centres within the Mafraq Industrial City, Jordan. This report is for the exclusive use of the Saudi Jordan Company and Camillin Denny Architects. It should not be used in whole or in part by any third parties without the express permission of Ramboll in writing. This report should not be relied upon exclusively for decision making purposes and should be read in conjunction with Rambolls reports, specifications and drawings in addition to the Architects drawings and reports.
2.3
1.2 1.3 1.4
This report details the community centres, of which there are two. The construction of the community centres is identical. Reinforced concrete is the standard construction material adopted for the structural frame for each of the buildings. Assumptions have been made within the design based on the information available to the design team at this stage. It is proposed that a full site investigation is carried out prior to the next stage of development at the building location. Following the results of this site investigation a detailed foundation and seismic design may be carried out to rationalise the design for each building. Preliminary design has been carried out in accordance with British Standards, unless noted otherwise. Concrete grade RC 40, cube strength equal to 40N/mm2 is required for durability. Structural calculations have been based on the concrete achieving this strength. Steel reinforcement made from hot rolled high yield steel, strength equal to 460N/mm2. For seismic loading the project is being considered as Zone 2A in accordance with the 1997 Uniform Building Code. The building structure will have a design life of 60 years. The design of the buildings shall comply with UK CDM regulations 2007.
1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10
3 3.1
SITE LOCATION AND CLIMATE SITE LOCATION The site is located in the Mafraq area adjacent to the King Hussein Airport. To the West of the site is the main road into Mafraq which will serve as the transport link into the Industrial City. The site is currently part developed with some existing infrastructure and buildings. The node buildings are to be erected as part of the Phase 1 redevelopment. Figure 1 shows the global development with the location of the node highlighted.
3.2
Figure 2 shows the individual building uses within the residential Node. The ground floor of two of the 4 bed residential units will partially be used as a either a medical clinic or a fitness centre.
Key Hostel Buildings 4 bed Hostel Buildings 2 bed Hostel Buildings 1 bed Retail Community Centre Mosque
Figure 1. Site and Residential Node Location Plan (Ref. Camillin Denny DZC Submission)
Figure 2. Residential Node
3.3
CLIMATE Jordan experiences a varied climate with a relatively wet season from November to April when practically all of the precipitation occurs and a very dry season for the rest of the year. This contrasting weather means that the country can be said to have a Mediterranean style climate. The farther inland from the Mediterranean sea, the greater the seasonal variations and the less the rainfall. Mafraq, being approximately 125Km from the sea and close to the East Bank may be classified as a dry desert region and as such precipitation is likely to be less than 120mm a year. During the summer months temperatures frequently exceed 36oC and in contrast the winter months bring moderately cool weather averaging about 13oC.
4 4.1
GROUND CONDITIONS AND SEISMICITY The following section provides a summary of the overall geology found with Jordan and specific details relating to the site determined from the geotechnical investigation report produced by Triple corporation consultant engineers for the Waste Water Treatment Plant to the south-east of the site. The site investigations were carried out in May 2010 and at this stage the ground conditions are assumed to be similar across the site. Further in depth desk studies and site investigations specific to the site will be required to confirm these assumptions and thus validate the ground floor slab and foundation design for the buildings covered within this report. Until this is carried out, design and cost risks remain within the substructure and ground floor slab works.
4.1.1 General Geology Jordan consists mainly of a plateau between 700 and 1200 meters high divided into ridges by valleys and gorges and a few mountainous areas. Fractures of the earths surface are evident in the great geological rift that extends southwards from the Jordan Valley. The area to the east of this valley (East Bank) where the site is situated is extremely arid and most of this area is part of the Great Syrian (or North Arabian) Desert. 4.1.2 Site specific geology A fine grained Alluvium soil is encountered within the low lands and on angled hillsides within the site as a result of repeated deposition of materials in an hydraulic environment. The material can be classified as a medium dense sandy silty clay. A basalt sheet occurs in a huge area (approx. 11000km2) across Jordan differentiated into six phases altogether up to 150m thick. These basalt sheets overlie Eocene limestone and are separated from each other by thick fossil soils, red clay and weathered surface. Sub surface conditions were revealed by 10 no. boreholes drilled to a depth of 10m below existing ground level and analysis of geological maps relating to the site in the location of the Waste Water Treatment Plant. The following table 2 summarises the expected ground conditions on site which have been assumed from the results. Depth below ground level Type of materials Silty Clay Gravel Cobbles Basalt and Detailed Description of the strata Brown, moist, stiff sandy silty clay with gravel of limestone and basalt. Rounded to sub-rounded, very dense, poorly cemented gravel and cobbles of basalt with approximately 40% of dandy silty clay. Dark Grey, moderately fractured, strong basalt width air voids filled by silty clay materials.
Figure 3. Average Temperatures in Mafraq
Average Rainfall No. days of rain
0 2.5m 2.5 3m Table 1: Average rainfall in Mafraq 3 10m
Table 2: Site geology From the site investigations it is recommended that the top 3m (approx.) of silty clay and gravel be removed and the buildings be founded on the stronger basalt material. From the site investigations a recommended strength of the basalt material was determined based on a compression test adhering to Jordanian code of practice III (Table 19.) The recommended allowable design bearing capacity of the basalt layer for design is: qa = 400 kN/m2
4.1.3 General site description The site is cleared from any structures and its surface is generally covered by silty clay materials. The site has an approximate elevation of 670m above sea level, ranging from approximately 680m to the north down to 660m to the south. 4.1.4 Mechanical and chemical properties of the ground Borehole samples taken at the site of the Waste Water Treatment Plant were mechanically and chemical tested to determine the properties of the sub surface materials. The following table 3 gives the results of these tests which have been assumed to occur in the location of the community centres.
Mechanical Properties Modulus of Deformation Em [MPa] 180 500 1000 Cohesion C (kg/cm2) 0.5 2 1 Poisons Ratio 0.35 0.30 0.25
Type of Strength materials Silty Clay Gravel and Cobbles Basalt Stiff Very Dense Strong
Chemical Properties Sulfate and Chloride contents Not aggressive concrete Not aggressive concrete Not aggressive concrete to to
to
Table 3: Mechanical and chemical properties of the ground 4.1.5 Ground water and geological features No free or confined ground water was encountered during the site investigation carried out in the location of the Waste Water Treatment Plant. No cavities or faults were encountered or observed at the site or surrounding areas. 4.2 SEISMOLOGY AND EARTHQUAKES According to the seismic maps produced for Jordan, the Mafraq region is located within area 2A. Maps produced by the Global Seismic Hazard Assessment Program (GSHAP) in 1992 puts Mafraq in a moderate hazard area with peak ground accelerations of between 0.8 to 1.6 (m/s2)
Mafraq
Figure 4. Ground acceleration under seismic events (Ref: http//www.seismo.ethz.ch)
PROPOSED STRUCTURAL SOLUTIONS The following section of this report outlines the structural system that is to be adopted for the community buildings. Reinforced Concrete is the primary construction material that is to be used on all the residential node buildings since the materials required are readily available in Jordan. It is strongly recommended that an extensive site investigation be carried out prior to the next stage of design so that the foundation and ground floor slab solutions for each of the buildings can be verified and the financial risks related to these elements reduced.
RC column / wall above ground 200 thick RC ground bearing slab Sub grade layer Compacted fill Silty Clay (from geotechnical site investigation RC column / wall below ground (larger section) Gravel and cobbles (from geotechnical site investigation information) Basalt (from geotechnical site investigation information.) All pad foundations to be founded on this layer, assumed bearing capacity for design = 400 kN/m2 Pad foundation
5.1.1 Substructure and Ground floor slab The ground floor slabs have been designed as ground bearing and separate from the rest of the structure. A 20mm compressible joint around each column at ground floor slab level ensures the ground floor slab does not transfer load to the columns. The top 1000mm of silty clay (to be verified following site investigations) will be removed and replaced with 800mm of compacted fill (main bearing capacity = 50 kN/m2) and a 200mm subgrade on which the slab will bear. To support the external wall make up there is a thickening in the ground floor slab, this distributes the line load over a wider area and bridges and potential soft spots in the clay layer. The majority of the columns extend below ground to foundations approximately 3m below slab level founded on the basalt layer. At ground floor slab level, the slab restrains the columns against lateral movement to decrease the effective length of the column. This will be affected by the depth of the foundation which is governed by site basalt levels. Should the column extend further a vertically de-bonded joint between the column and ground floor slab will be required. If it is found that the ground conditions are aggressive the size of the column should be increased below ground level to allow for an increase it the thickness of cover. Pad foundations to these columns have been designed to support the columns and transfer the loads to the basalt layer. The top 3m of silty clay and gravel (to be verified) will be excavated to expose the basalt layer on which the pad foundations will be founded. This excavation depth will be verified once more extensive site investigations have been completed.
2.5m
0.5m
Figure 6: Ground floor slab and foundation solution The columns that support the lightweight entrance canopy along GL A and the perforated canopy on GL 4/6 are not subjected to large loads, and in addition there is no ground floor slab in these areas, as they are external to the main building. For these reasons the foundations have been designed to be shallower, to reduce the amount of material that needs to be excavated. To ensure the foundations are not exposed once the building is complete and in use the top of the foundation is to be posited 300 mm below external ground floor level. This depth should be considered further at the next design stage. To achieve the required bearing pressure of 50 kN/m2 the top 1000mm of silty clay (to be verified following site investigations) will be removed and the depth to the underside of the shallower footings is to be made up in well compacted granular fill. foundations to the columns along GL A supporting the lightweight entrance canopy will be shallow pad foundations, square in plan and 250 mm deep. The foundations to the columns supporting the perforated entrance canopy near grid lines C to D, 4 to 6 are strip foundations. Each strip foundation supports a line of columns, the loads are distributed along the length and width of the foundation through bending.
200RC ground bearing slab
Waterproofing membrane and protection board
Insulation to architects specification Compacted granular fill material (50 kN/m2)
50mm Concrete blinding Sub grade layer
5.1.2 Frame and Roof Slab Figure 5: Indicative ground bearing slab makeup i The proposed structural frame solution utilises a reinforced concrete slab with downstand beams for the main recreational hall and a flat slab construction for the smaller back of house and service areas. Recreational Hall To provide a completely column free space in the main hall 600 wide by 1200 deep downstand beams have been designed to span across the 20 m roof, these are positioned at 4m centres.
The foundations to the shear walls are rectangular in plan, following the line of the wall. These bear at same level as the main column foundations.
These beams support a 165 mm thick slab. The main downstand beams are either picked up on columns positioned at the gridlines, or a perimeter beam which in turn takes the loads back to the columns. ii Lower Areas of Building The surrounding lower areas of the building house the kitchen, reception, plant rooms and amenities. The columns can be accommodated within these rooms, therefore the spans are moderate and a flat slab construction can be used. Where possible the columns are positioned partially within the blockwork walls. The roof slabs are typically penetrated with holes for rooflights, upstands have been detailed around the openings to provide structure on which to fix the rooflights and suitable surface to waterproof against. The size and position of the upstands will need to be coordinated with the glazing manufacturer at the next stage. Around the perimeter of the roof an upstand has been provided to suit the architects requirements. iii Front Canopy The canopy to the front of the building in the area of grid lines C to D and 4 to 6 is to be constructed from reinforced concrete flat slab supported on circular columns. There are large circular penetrations through the slab which are an architectural feature. iv Side Entrance Canopy The entrance along GL A is covered by a lightweight steel canopy. The steel frame supports a louvered architectural cladding. The beams are fixed back to the face of the brickwork facade with post fixed resin anchors. The number fixings and the arrangement of the connection will be developed further at the next stage once further details of the cladding material are known. Since the connection is post fixed to the brickwork facade, the facade will need to be complete before the entrance canopy can be installed. The lateral stability to the canopy is provided by steel bracing members, these have been detailed as UBs for the ease of connection. v High level Cantilever Roof At high level along grid lines D and 4 around the perimeter of the recreational hall the edge of the roof cantilevers 4m past the facade of the building below. Due to the weight of a concrete roof and the relative low imposed load applied to the roof a concrete cantilevering roof would be very inefficient. We have detailed a cantilevered steel framed roof, which can be clad in a lightweight roofing material such as Metsec purlins with steel sheeting. The connections of the cantilevering steel beams back to the concrete frame must be cast insitu and not post fixed. There will be significant pull out and shear forces in these connections which post fixed connections will not have sufficient capacity to resist. As per the steel entrance canopy lateral stability is provided by steel bracing members, these have been detailed as UBs for the ease of connection. vi Glazing Support Above the main perimeter corridor there is a strip of roof glazing that separates the main hall and the lower buildings, this will be designed by a specialist glazing subcontractor. It has been assumed the glazing units can span the 3 m corridor without the need for primary structure. On one side the glazing units will be supported on the upstand at the edge of the lower roofs, on the main hall side a reinforced concrete beam is provided to pick up the glazing units. Figure 8: View inside the community centre Figure 7: 3D view of the community centre
5.1.3 Stability Horizontal stability of the main structure is provided by 200 thick concrete shear walls. There are individual shear walls for the different areas of the building. The recreational hall, and the two lower buildings have independent shear walls. Stability of the concrete entrance canopy is provided by the adjacent buildings. The entrance canopy slab is continuous with the adjacent slabs of the lower buildings, although there is a small step between the slabs the reinforcement can be detailed to accommodate this. In the concrete frame, horizontal loads are transferred from the faade system to the floor plates and then back to the reinforced concrete shear cores via diaphragm action in the floors. The horizontal loads are then transferred through the shear cores to the foundations. Sources of horizontal loading include: wind load notional horizontal load thermal load seismic loads Based on the horizontal loading on the community centres, the following deflection limits and design parameters have been applied. Deflection due to wind (BS 8110) o storey = hstorey/300 o total = Htotal/500 Sway o o o due to NHL & Min Wind (BS 8110) cr 10; no sway frame cr 10; sway sensitive use kamp cr 4; sensitive sway frame use P analysis i
There may be minor architectural damage, but no structural damage during a moderate earthquake There may be structural damage but no collapse during a severe earthquake
It is important to note that the UBC provisions are intended as minimum requirements. The level of protection can be increased by increasing the design lateral force, energy absorbing capacity, redundancy, and construction quality assurance. There are two approaches to seismic design: Static analysis A static analysis provides an equivalent lateral seismic load which is calculated as some fraction of the dead weight. The UBC codifies this analysis so that there is no need to know the design earthquake. The equivalent static load is then applied to the structure as a horizontal earthquake load and the structural members are designed accordingly. Dynamic analysis In a dynamic analysis, the overall building and the story stiffness and rigidities are calculated. A specific design earthquake, including magnitude and loading history is selected and applied to a mathematical model of the building. The solution rests heavily on vibrational theory and finite element analysis. The response of the system, including the displacement and acceleration functions, is calculated and used to determine the forces in each member as a function of time. It is proposed to found the community centres directly on the basalt layer. Due to the stiff nature of the basalt material, during an earthquake, there will be no natural damping of the vibrations and as such it is proposed to conduct a full dynamic analysis at the next stage of design. Secondary effects will be considered in accordance to section 1630.1.3 of the 1997 Uniform Building Code. Drift or horizontal displacement of the structure shall be computed in accordance to the 1997 Uniform Building Code. The story drift shall be limited in accordance to section 1630.10.
ii
Horizontal displacement due to Seismic loading (UBC 1997) o M<0.025 x story height for structures having a fundamental period less than 0.7 seconds o M<0.020 x story height for structures having a fundamental period greater than 0.7 seconds
5.1.4 Earthquake resistance An earthquake is an oscillatory, sometimes violent movement of the Earths surface that follows a release of energy in the Earths crust. This energy can be generated by a sudden dislocation of segments of the crust, a volcanic eruption, or a man made explosion. Structural damage due to an earthquake is not solely a function of the earthquake ground motion. The primary factors affecting the extent of damage are: earthquake characteristics such as peak ground acceleration, duration of strong shaking, frequency content and length of fault rupture site characteristics, such as distance between the epicentre and the structure, geology between the epicentre and the structure, soil conditions at the site and natural period of the site structural characteristics, such as natural period and damping of structure, age and construction method, seismic provisions included in the design
The stability criterion for earthquake resistance is based on the three following design criteria as set out by the UBC seismic survivability design criteria: There should be no damage to buildings from a small earthquake
6 6.1
OUTLINE MATERIALS SPECIFICATION CONCRETE The main structural material for the community centre ground floor slabs, columns, upper slabs and core walls will be reinforced concrete (cast insitu) with the following concrete mixes appropriate. Item Pad, raft and strip footing Ground floor slab Upper floor slabs Core walls Mass Fill/Blinding Concrete Concrete Mix RC40, max w/c 0.55, min cement content 300kg/m3 RC40, max w/c 0.55, min cement content 300kg/m3 RC40, max w/c 0.55, min cement content 300kg/m3 RC40, max w/c 0.55, min cement content 300kg/m3 GEN-1 (10 N/mm2) Table 4: Concrete mix locations iii. ii.
approval to any concreting operations. In the event that conditions become such that these requirements cannot be met, concreting shall be suspended immediately and not resumed until the requirements can be met again. Under such circumstances, additional precautions shall be taken to avoid the hot weather concreting conditions being exceeded on future pours. 6.1.3 Control of Temperature: i. The temperature of the concrete when placed shall not exceed 32C nor shall concrete be mixed or placed when the shade air temperature is 40C or above, or is expected to reach such a level during concreting and 3 hours after placing, without special permission from the CA. For all concrete sections the Contractor shall take precautions to limit the effects of heat of hydration. For concrete sections greater than or equal to 1000 mm thick, the Contractor shall submit to the CA for approval detailed proposals of the measures to be taken. These measures shall include but are not limited to: control of concrete mix constituents; curing water; formwork type; surface insulation; and, cooling by embedded pipes. All submissions shall be based on measured values of heat of hydration generated by the proposed mix to meet the criteria set out below: a. b. c. d. Maximum temperature difference between the core and the surface of any pour. Design target 15C. Field maximum 20degC. Maximum temperature difference between a new pour and a previous pour. Design target 12C. Field maximum 15C. Absolute maximum temperature anywhere in a pour. Design target 60C. Field maximum 70C. Instrumentation shall be installed in the Works to the approval of the CA to verify compliance with the above criteria. Temperature measurements shall be made by means of thermocouples positioned in a line perpendicular to the concrete faces. The thermocouples shall be fixed: at the concrete faces; at the centre of the section; and, at equal intervals of approximately 300mm. Temperatures shall be measured and logged continuously from the start of the pour until instructed to stop by the CA. The Contractor shall submit to the CA for approval details of the proposed methods and equipment for the measuring and logging of temperatures. If temperature measurements exceed any of the criteria above then action shall be taken in accordance with the sub-section on defective concrete.
6.1.1 Reinforcement Steel reinforcement shall be made from hot rolled high yield steel with characteristic yield strength not less than 460 N/mm2. Reinforcement detailing shall be by the sub-contractor to comply with design intent drawings. 6.1.2 Concreting in Hot Weather: i. Hot weather is defined as any combination of the following conditions that tend to impair the quality of the freshly mixed or hardened concrete: High ambient temperature. High concrete temperature. Low relative humidity. Wind velocity. Solar radiation. When the rate of evaporation of surface moisture from concrete is expected to approach 1kg/m/hr (using Fig. 2.1.5 in ACI 305R-91) or when the shade air temperature is 35C and rising, precautions shall be taken, including the following: Dampening the forms. Reducing the concrete temperature to the lowest practical level by procedures such as: Shading the aggregate. Cooling the mixing water before use. Screening the mixing plant and transporting vehicles from wind, rain and sun. Erecting wind breaks and sunshades at the concrete placing location. Reducing the time between the placing of the concrete and the start of curing to the minimum possible. Minimising evaporation (particularly during the first few hours subsequent to placing the concrete) by suitable means such as applying moisture by fog spraying. Using ice flakes to supplement the water requirement. iii. All precautions to be taken shall be subject to the CA's approval and the Contractor shall demonstrate that all approved precautions are available for use prior to the CA granting
e.
ii.
f. iv.
Concrete shall be compacted (if applicable) and in its final position within 30 minutes of discharge from the mixer unless carried in purpose made agitators operating continuously, when the time shall be within 1 hour of the introduction of cement to the mix and within 30 minutes of discharge from the agitator. Precautions shall be taken to ensure that the loss of slump due to temperature rise during transport, pumping and placing does not exceed 25mm. Unless otherwise agreed by the CA, concrete shall not be dropped into place from a height exceeding 2m. When trunking or chutes are used they shall be kept clean and used in such a way as to avoid segregation. Where steep slopes are required for placing concrete with chutes, the chutes shall be equipped with baffle boards or be in short lengths that reverse the direction of the movement. Chutes and the use of chutes must be approved by the CA. All
v. vi.
chutes shall be kept clean and free from coating of hardened concrete by thoroughly flushing with water after each run. The water used for flushing shall be discharged clear of the concrete already in place. vii. viii. No concrete shall be placed in flowing water. Underwater concrete shall be placed in position by tremie or by pipeline from the mixer. Full details of the method proposed shall be submitted in advance to the CA and his approval obtained before placing begins. Where the concrete is placed by the tremie, its size and method of operation shall be in accordance with BS 8004. During and after concreting under water, pumping or dewatering operations in the immediate vicinity shall be suspended until the CA permits them to be continued. Approved measures shall be taken to avoid premature stiffening of concrete placed in contact with hot, dry surfaces. Surfaces including reinforcement against which concrete is to be placed shall be shielded against the direct rays of the sun and shall be sprayed with water to prevent excessive absorption by the surfaces of water from the fresh concrete. A complete record shall be kept of the date, time, temperature and conditions of placing the concrete in each portion of the work and shall be available for inspection by the CA at any time. Unless otherwise shown on the drawings all concrete placed below ground level shall have a minimum protection to its outside faces as follows: Underside - Protected by the laying of a grade 1000 approved polyethylene sheeting on the blinding concrete. The sheeting shall be returned up the outside faces of the concrete and suitably sealed. Sides - Coated with 3 coats of an approved bitumen rubber latex emulsion flexible damp and vapour-proof liquid membrane conforming to BRE Digest No. 54.
ii
Unformed finishes Finish Skip float Fine tamp Power float Location Slab to receive waterproof membrane such as terraces & roof All other areas to receive a finish. Internal plant areas and storage in the basement Table 6: unformed finish locations Comment On an approved sample to be formed on site. On an approved to be formed on On an approved to be formed on sample site. sample site.
ix.
6.2
STEELWORK SPECIFICATION
x.
Internal flat plates and rolled sections: Grade: S355JR / S355J0 (BS EN 10025-2) to suit thickness Strength: py 355 N/mm2
xi.
ii
External flat plates and rolled sections: Grade: S355J0 / S355J2 (BS EN 10025-2) to suit thickness Strength: py 355 N/mm2
iii
RHS, CHS, SHS Grade: S355J2H (BS EN 10210-2) Strength: py 355 N/mm2
xii.
No concrete shall be mixed or placed when the light is insufficient, unless an adequate and approved artificial lighting system is operated and such night work is approved by the CA. iv
6.1.4 Finishes i Formed finishes Finish Basic Finish Finish to receive waterproofing / tanking Plain smooth finish Fine smooth finish Architecturally enhanced Location Concrete elements hidden from view As agreed with the architect Concrete elements exposed to view As agreed with the architect Not required Table 5: Formed finish locations Comment An approved sample to be formed on site. An approved sample to be formed on site. An approved sample to be formed on site An approved sample to be formed on site An approved sample to be formed on site
Bolts (BS5950-1 tables 30-32 & 34) Grade 8.8 Shear: ps 375 N/mm2 Bearing: pbs 1000 N/mm2 Tension: pt 560 N/mm2
6.3
PERMITTED DEVIATIONS OF ERECTED COMPONENTS Position of Column at base: Deviation of member centreline from the specified position, 7 mm.
7 mm
Overall plan dimension: Deviation in length or width. Where true overall dimension L < 30 m, deviation is 20mm. Where true overall dimension L > 30m, deviation is 20mm + 0.25(L 30)mm. Where L is the maximum dimension in metres. Multi-storey Columns Plumb: Deviations in each storey (h) and maximum deviation relative to the base (H). Where h is a storey height. h = h/600 or 5mm whichever is greater. H = 15mm maximum.
5 mm
Level at each end of same beam: Relative deviation in level at ends, 5mm.
15mm Maximum
Gap between bearing surfaces: Columns intended to be in direct bearing shall be fabricated to an accuracy of the end deviation of D/1000, where D is the depth or breath of the column and the deviation is that allowable from the square of the end. The gap between those surfaces are to be no greater than (D/1000) + 1mm.
Level of adjacent beams: Deviation from relative horizontal levels (measured on the centreline of top flange), +/- 5mm.
Alignment of adjacent Columns: Deviation relative to next column on a line parallel to the grid line when measured at base to be no greater than 7mm from the critical face of the columns.
Beam alignment: Horizontal deviation relative to an adjacent beam above or below, where h is the vertical distance between beams. h < 3m, deviation 5mm. h > 3m, deviation h/600
7 mm
Beam level: Deviation from specified level at supporting column to be +/- 5mm. Beam Spacing: Deviation in spacing of beams between columns not to exceed +/-3mm Distortion: Bow, Spring and twist will be assessed in accordance with BS EN 519 C.2 for timber moistures under 20%. Verticality of beams: Limited by a maximum of depth/600 horizontal displacement from the beams perpendicular centre line.
7 7.1
DESIGN CRITERIA LOADING This document adopts the limit-state principal and the partial factor format of BS 8110. The 1997 UBC will be used in consideration to earthquake loading. Finishes, services, cladding and layout of permanent partitions have been allowed for as in the below tables. These assumptions are to be confirmed in the next stage of design. Wind and sand loadings will be incorporated within the design in accordance with local design codes, it is expected that these criteria will be less onerous than the seismic affects. Structural design is based upon the following loads. Any subsequent changes to the project may affect the given design loads. i
been used to determine the appropriate value of imposed load for each type of occupancy within the building: BS 6399-1: 1996: - Code of Practise for Dead & Imposed Loads. BS 6399-3: 1996: - Code Of Practice for Imposed Roof Loads. Eurocode 1: Actions on structures BS EN 1991
Community Building EuroCode 1 Category Equivalent A1 A3 B1 C3 C33 C41 E1 E11 E12 E19 H Uniformly distributed load (kNm-2) 1.5 2.0 2.5+1.0 5.0 4.0 5.0 7.5 2.0 4.0 5.0 per m height of storage. 1.0
Occupancy Kitchens. Toilets Offices Main entrance/ Reception/ Lobby Corridors Recreational Hall Plant Back of house General Storage Cold storage Roof Loading (Maintenance access only)
Point Load (kN) 2.0 2.0 2.7 4.0 4.5 3.6 7.0 1.8 4.5 9.0 1.5
7.1.1 Superimposed dead loading Superimposed dead loads (SDL) are taken to be the self-weight of finishes and fit-out materials deemed to be permanent in nature. They are calculated from the unit weights given in BS 648 or from the actual known weights of the materials used. Where there is doubt as to the permanency of dead loads, such as partitions, they are treated as imposed loads i Community Building Area Ground Floor Slab Build-up 200mm slab 80 mm screed 20mm stone floor Partitions 165 mm thick slab Sand build up assumed Insulation Waterproofing services & ceiling 275 mm slab Sand build up Insulation Waterproofing services & ceiling 330 mm slab Sand build up Waterproofing Cladding Steelwork Table 7: Superimposed dead loads SDL kN/m2 4.80 1.92 0.48 1.00 3.96 0.95 0.20 0.05 0.60 6.6 0.95 0.20 0.05 0.60 5.52 0.95 0.05 0.5 0.2 Total kN/m2 8.2
Table 8: Imposed loads 5.76 7.1.3 Accidental and Malicious loads During its lifetime the buildings may be subject to accidental loads, such as faulty construction, vehicle impact or gas explosion and malicious attacks such as a bomb blast. No specific measures are proposed to meet these risks other than application of the design code requirements relating to robustness. These measures have proved successful over many years. 7.1.4 Sand loading The potential of sand accumulation has been considered although a specific analysis based on the buildings geometry and the sites typography will be required during the next stage of design. A bulk density of 16 kN/m2 has been used for dry loose sand and a bulk density of 19 kN/m2 has been used for wet compact sand. The design of the flat roofs of the community centre buildings allows for a 50mm build-up of wet compacted sand uniformly distributed across the entire roof. No consideration of drift loading against upstands / parapets or pattern loading has been considered. A strict maintenance regime should be implemented whereby the roofs are cleared of sand periodically to ensure the build-up does not exceed 50mm. 7.1.5 Wind loading The community centres have been design to resist wind loading based on a basic site wind speed of 21m/s. Specific site meteorological data is required to verify the assumed loading during the next stage of design.
Roof Recreational Building
Roof lower level
8.4
Concrete Entrance Canopy
6.52
Steel Entrance Canopy
0.7
7.1.2 Imposed loading Imposed load (IL) is taken to be the load produced by the intended occupancy or use of any particular area of the building during service. Occupancy has been based on the latest issue of the architectural general arrangement drawings. Three principle sources of information have
7.1.6 Seismic loading The building will be designed and detailed in accordance to Division 4 of the 1997 Uniform Building Code. Due to the buildings layout, a static and dynamic analysis of the structure is required in order to determine the most onerous seismic loads. This will be done during the next stage of design. 7.1.7 Notional horizontal loads Notional Horizontal Loads are calculated in accordance with BS5950-1:2000 clauses 2.4.2.3 and 2.4.2.4 (N = 0.5% factored Dead & Imposed Loads), and BS8110-1:1997 clause 3.1.4.2 (N = 1.5% unfactored Dead Load). 7.1.8 Barriers and balustrades Horizontal loads to pedestrian balustrades shall be based on table 4 of BS 6399-1: 1996. Minimum values of 0.74 kN/m2 for non-public assembly areas and 1.5 kN/m for public assembly areas shall be applied at 1.1 m above finished floor level. 7.1.9 Construction loads Construction loads are those of a temporary nature that occur during the erection of the frame due to the construction process. They are often applied before the structure has developed its full permanent characteristics such as composite action, diaphragm action, or connection to the stability frame. It is the contractors responsibility to evaluate the loads generated by the construction process and to provide temporary bracing and props as required. Minimum imposed loads during construction will be as follows: Spans 3m: 0.5kN/m2 Spans > 3m: 1.5kN/m2 applied over 3m2 area and 0.75kN/m2 elsewhere. * BSENV 1994-1-1:1992 7.1.10 Earth pressures Lateral earth pressures are calculated from the appropriate formulas of BS 8002. The appropriate soil design parameters will be extracted from the site investigation interpretative report. 7.1.11 Machinery/Equipment & Plant replacement Loads due to cradles, cleaning gantries and lifts shall be in accordance with the manufacturers requirements, which need to be established at the next design stage. 7.2 FIRE RESISTANCE Fire resistance of a structure is required to maintain structural integrity under fire exposure in order to allow sufficient time for the building to be evacuated. The fire resistance of a building will be based on the type of building, the height above ground level and whether or not a sprinkler system is present. From the British building regulations (Document B 2007), a recommended minimum 30 min period of fire resistance will be adopted. The minimum concrete cover shall be for a 60 min fire resistance period is equal to 20mm. Subject to detailed design and species of timber used. 7.3 WATERPROOFING Water intrusion may be possible and a waterproofing strategy is required that is compatible with the structure. The architect shall have overall responsibility for this strategy. The chosen strategy must take into account both the external environment and the desired internal environment and be in accordance with current best practice guidance contained within: CIRIA report 139-140 BS 8110-2 BS 8007 To avoid split responsibility mixing of proprietary waterproofing systems and methods is not recommended. A single supplier with suitable long-term warranties should be sourced.
7.4
EXPOSURE Concrete durability requirements are based on the expected mode of deterioration, therefore all relevant exposure classes should be identified to establish the worst case design. Concrete cover is also specified on the basis of a minimum cover, with the addition of a 10mm margin for fixing tolerances. External steelwork will be protected with an applied protective coating consisting of a high solids zinc phosphate primer followed by an acrylic polysiloxane. This is based on the need for enhanced corrosion protection and high architectural finish and a period to first maintenance of 15 to 20 years.
7.4.1 External environment i Carbonation Carbon dioxide from the atmosphere combines with water in the surface of the concrete to form carbonic acid. This reacts with the alkaline concrete to form carbonates which reduces the concrete ph and its passive protection of the steel reinforcement. With further air and water, the steel rebar can corrode causing cracking and spalling. In practice, corrosion due to carbonation is a minor risk compared to chloride related problems. Chlorides Chlorides present in air or water from a marine environment can enter the concrete through cracks, diffusion, capillary action of hydrostatic head to attack steel reinforcement. Chloride ions destroy any passive oxide layers on the steel, leaving it at risk of corrosion in the presence of air and water, resulting in cracking and spalling of the concrete. Although lower water/cement ratios and higher cover are thought to be the main way that will reduce the risk of chloride related corrosion, these measures are largely unsuccessful if not also accompanied by good workmanship and detailing to help keep moisture out of the concrete, particularly on horizontal surfaces. As the site is located away from the sea, the building is unlikely to be subject to chloride induced corrosion of reinforcement due to the presence of airborne salts. The presence of aggressive chemicals such as sulphates/chlorides or other degrading contaminants in the ground has been assessed in the preliminary geotechnical investigation report. The preliminary report suggests that sulphate and chloride concentrations in the soil are not substantial enough to require specific precautionary countermeasures.
ii
iii Freeze Thaw Exposed horizontal surfaces are likely to be saturated for much of the time. In low temperatures, ice crystals can form in the pores of saturated concrete and generate internal stresses which break down the concrete structure. Repeated cycles have a cumulative effect. Air- entrainment has been found to provide resistance to free thaw effects as well as reduce the adverse effects of chlorides. Due to the local climate temperatures, freeze thaw action is not considered critical. iv Aggressive chemicals All concretes are vulnerable to attack by salts present in solution and to attack by acids. Such chemicals can be present in natural ground and groundwater, as well as contaminated land, so precautions are often necessary to protect buried concrete. Although sulphates are relatively common in natural clay soils, sulphate attack is believed to be a relatively rare cause of deterioration. Protection is usually provided by using a sulphate resisting cement or use of slag as a cement replacement. Flowing water is also more aggressive than still water. 7.5 COVER TO REINFORCEMENT From the exposure classification and recommendation for resisting corrosion of reinforcement based on BS 8500, the governing risk factor for exterior exposed concrete would be corrosion of reinforcement steel induced by salts and a 40mm (+10mm tolerance) cover is recommended. If the external ground conditions are found to be severe then the thickness of cover should be reviewed.
The governing risk factor for the internal concrete members would be carbonation induced of corrosion of rebar and a 25mm (+10mm tolerance) cover is recommended. Minimum cover for fire resistance 20mm
steel = 7.6.2 Deflections i
12x10 -6 mm expansion / mm length / C Reference: BS 5950: Part 1: CL 3.1.2
Location of concrete element Exterior Interior (column, floor slabs, interior walls)
Expected mode of deterioration Chlorides
Recommended cover with 10mm tolerance 50mm
Vertical deflection Vertical deflection will be checked against the criteria outlined in the following codes of practice: Concrete: Steelwork: BS 8110: Part 1: Table 3.10. BS 8110: Part 2: Section 3, Serviceability calculations. BS 5950: Part 1: Table 5.
Carbonation
35mm
20mm ii Horizontal deflection Horizontal deflection will be checked against the criteria outlined in the following codes of practice: Concrete: Steelwork: Metal cladding: BS 8110: Part 2: Section 3. Serviceability calculations. BS 5950: Part 1: Table 5. As required by the Architect and Manufacturer. A limit of span/250 is suggested, with suitable movement joints to accommodate the racking between panels.
Table 9: Summary of Cover Requirements 7.6 MOVEMENT, DEFLECTION AND TOLERANCES The buildings will be subject to both movement and tolerance from the construction process and during in-service conditions. The combination of these effects can induce cracks or distortion in the frame and its finishes; it can also result in lack of fit at material interfaces. Sources of movement include: Wind load Notional Horizontal load Ground movement caused by an earthquake Temperature Shrinkage Elastic and creep deflections Foundation settlements. Sources of tolerance include: Site setting out Erection Fabrication / manufacture. 7.6.1 Movements due to thermal load Materials expand and contract in proportion to changes in temperature. A horizontal load is generated if this movement is restrained by friction with the ground or rigid elements such as shear walls and columns. The magnitude of load generated is determined by three criteria. The coefficient of thermal expansion The temperature range The extent of restraint All elements of the structure and its cladding will be designed to accommodate the anticipated movements. Movement of elements and induced stresses due to changes in temperature and humidity will be considered, especially at the boundaries between different materials, such as the steel and RC frame interface. Thermal strain in concrete will be considered in accordance with BS8110: Part2: 1985 section 7.5. The coefficients of thermal expansion for concrete and steel respectively are assumed to be: concrete = 8 to 12 x10-6 mm expansion / mm length / C (depending on aggregate type) Reference: BS 8110: Part2 : Table 7.3
ROBUSTNESS Robustness is the ability of a structural frame to absorb the effects of unforeseen actions, whether they are accidental or malicious, in a manner that is proportionate to the cause. It derives from a number of parameters: Strength, of the frame as a whole, of individual members, and of connections. Ductility, the ability to deform while maintaining strength (particularly at connections) Energy absorption, the combination of strength and ductility so as to arrest collapse before it can spread. Redundancy e.g. providing alternative load paths also to arrest collapse before it can spread Distribution of capacity, to ensure redundancy cannot be overcome locally, particularly of lateral stability bracing Resistance to fire Durability, resistance to corrosion or deterioration
ENVIRONMENTAL CONSIDERATIONS Environmental issues are considered important for the project and a number of choices are available from a structural perspective that will contribute to this intention. Note: the options listed below are in no way exclusive and additional sustainable options should always be encouraged.
9.1
LEAN DESIGN One of the simplest methods of reducing the environmental footprint of the structure is to produce a lean design, which uses the minimum structural materials and by consequence transport and labour. This approach is inherent in the Ramboll approach, however it should be noted that the leanest structural design for a given architectural arrangement does not necessarily imply the leanest structural design possible or the most environmental solution overall i.e. the best solution from an environmental perspective may imply a premium cost from a structural perspective.
9.2
RE-USE OF LOCAL SOIL Use of the sand from within the site boundary as part of the landscaping may provide material which may be washed, graded and used within the reinforced concrete. This will help minimise the transportation to and from site.
All buildings constructed in England & Wales are subject to the Building Regulations Approved document A, which contains a general requirement for inherent robustness in clause A3.
9.3
CEMENT REPLACEMENT Ground granulated blast furnace slag (GGBS) and pulverised fuel ash (PFA) are by-products of industrial processes that may be used to replace ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in reinforced concrete. Manufacturing OPC is an energy intensive process and therefore cement replacement is of significant benefit. Both GGBS & PFA slow down the rate of strength increase for a given concrete mix and as a consequence the striking time for shutters is a longer. On average 28 day strength is achieved at 56 days.
Disproportionate Collapse A3. The building shall be constructed so that in the event of an accident the building will not suffer collapse to an extent disproportionate to the cause.
In addition to the general requirements, four specific classes of building are identified (1, 2A, 2B & 3) within the regulations; the higher the classification the more serious the consequences of a hazard and hence the more stringent the robustness requirements are. The community centres will be designed with consideration to robustness design criteria.
10 HEALTH SAFETY AND WELFARE 10.1 GENERAL The health, safety and welfare of the buildings end users and those that maintain and construct it are paramount. As such we will endeavour to design a building which conforms to and exceeds current best practice. 10.2 CDM REGULATIONS Rambolls role on this project is that of designer as defined by CDM regulation 13. As such the design will consider foreseeable hazards and associated risks throughout the design, construction, and operation of the building. The design will be developed and where possible, the risks identified will be reduced or eliminated. 10.3 RISK ASSESSMENT Throughout the design and construction stages of the project, the Engineers will undertake risk analysis and data sheets will be issued for the Health and Safety File. An assessment of risks specifically related to this project has been carried out and is listed in the Project Risk Register appended in the report (Appendix A). The Risk Assessment will require regular updating as the project develops. The risks highlighted are those that are considered to be exceptional to this project.
11 REFERENCES 11.1 DESIGN STANDARDS Building Regulations 2004 Publications by the British Standards Institution: BS 648: Schedule of weights of building materials (1964). EN BS 1995: Structural Use of Timber. Part 2: Code of Practice for permissible stress design, materials and workmanship. BS 5628: Code of Practice for Use of Masonry. Part 1: Structural use of un-reinforced masonry. BS 5950: Structural use of steelwork in building. Part 1: Code of practice for design in simple and continuous construction (2000). Part 3: Design in composite construction (1990). BS 6180: Barriers in and Around Buildings - Code of Practice BS 6399: Loading for buildings. Part 1: Code of practice for dead and imposed loads (1996). Part 2: Code of practice for wind loads (1997). Part 3: Code of practice for imposed roof loads. BS 8002: Code of Practice for Earth Retaining Structures. BS 8004: Code of Practice for Foundations BS 8007: Code of Practice for Design of Concrete Structures for Retaining Aqueous Liquids (1987) BS 8110: Structural use of concrete. Part 1: Code of practice for design and construction (1997). BS 8666: Specification for scheduling, dimensioning, bending and cutting of steel reinforcement for concrete (2000). BS EN 752 Drain and sewer systems outside buildings Publications by the Steel Construction Institute: SCI-P-055: Design of composite slabs and beams with steel decking (1993). SCI-P-057: Design of members subject to combined bending and torsion (1989). SCI-P-076: Design Guide on the vibration of floors. Publications by the International Conference of building Officials: 1997 Uniform Building Code Volume 2: Structural Engineering Design Provisions Publications by the Construction Industry Research and Information Association (CIRIA) R174: New paint systems for the Protection of Construction Steelwork Design Guides. Report 156 Infiltration drainage manual of good practice C H Goodchild, British Cement association, 1997 Economic concrete Frame elements Fiona Cobb, Structural Engineers Pocket Book, 2nd edition, 2009, Elsevier Ltd Michael R. Lindeburg, Seismic Design of Building Structures, 7th edition 1998, Professional Publications Inc.
11.2
OTHER REFERENCES
APPENDIX A PROJECT RISK REGISTER
PROJECT RISK REGISTER / OPPORTUNITY / DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

project stage job no.
6108227
file ref.
4.03/pp 24.06.11
PD/PM approval /Alan Bunting
Stage D+
issue date/revision
Subject 1.0 Ground Risks
Risk / Opportunity / Design development
Consequence
Mitigation / Action
Delays due to unforeseen ground conditions; cost and programme implications. Site Geology Existing geotechnical information is extremely limited for design purposes. Potentially liquefiable soil during seismic conditions Effects on the substructure design. Potential for over conservative design. Effects on the pavement design. Potential for over conservative design.
Undertake site investigation for to determine the site geology in the specific locations of the buildings.
The site investigation should include in-situ Cone Penetration Testing and laboratory triaxial tests and atterberg limits to determine geotechnical properties.
Ground Conditions
The site investigation should include CBR testing to determine the bearing capacity of the site.
Aggressive Ground Conditions Potential sulfate bearing minerals Ground gas in made ground
Long term exposure resulting in deterioration of concrete strength, leading to unsafe design and additional maintenance costs. Risk of combustion, inhalation of poisonous gas, asphyxiation in confined space
Undertake site investigation and include testing at depth to establish design sulphate class for the site and the aggressive chemical environment class. Include chemical characterisation of the made ground in site investigation.
Groundwater Groundwater level at site location unknown. Assumed Hydrogeology to be low with little/no effect on design. Infiltration Percolation rates for the site are unknown. Contaminated land Potential source of contamination Previous site use is unknown. The specific use of existing buildings adjacent to and on the site is not known. Contamination
Potential effect on temporary works. Potential effect on foundation solutions.
Undertake site investigation and include groundwater monitoring. Temporary dewatering may be required.
Affects the drainage design and may result in a conservative approach where a higher percolation rate is used.
Undertake soakage tests during the site investigation to determine the site infiltration rates.
Risk to future users and construction workers. Programming and cost implications.
Undertake site investigation and include chemical characterisation of the ground by carrying out laboratory chemical tests on samples taken from the ground. The site investigation to include laboratory chemical test on groundwater samples.
Risk to water bodies Human Health risk (future users). Groundwater Potential for ground water contamination. Liability Remediation may be required Cost and delay to project Undertake site investigation and include laboratory chemical test on groundwater samples.
Underground Obstructions
Existing Foundations
Obstruction to construction work.
Review and survey of previous developments on site is required.
Subject
Risk / Opportunity / Design development Foundations of previously demolished buildings may remain on site with the locations unknown
Consequence Possible cost and programme implications.
Mitigation / Action A site investigation is recommended to identify the extent of potential obstructions and to develop a removal strategy.
Archaeology The archaeological potential of the site is unknown.
Planning conditions may be imposed and archaeological evaluation/mitigation required.
Appoint archaeological specialist to undertake a site specific appraisal.
Services Exact location of existing services e.g. gas, electricity, water, drainage and Telecom within the site area is not known. Damage to services may occur during the site investigation, reconstruction, and new building work. Removal/re-routing of services will have cost implications. Delays to programme. Consult and obtain service drawings from utilities companies. Trial trenches may be required during the site investigation work. Monitoring strategy may be required.
Unexploded Ordnance Risk for encountering unexploded ordnance is unknown.
Health and Safety implications. Delay to program. Revision of foundation scheme. Cost of remedial works Appoint a specialist to undertake a site specific appraisal.
2.0 Sub Structure
Pad Foundations Foundation Design Extent of proposed pad foundations
Clashes with existing below ground services or existing building foundations. Limited soil information results in too conservative design.
Undertake site investigation before detailed design to inform choice of final foundation solution. Minimise heights, clear spans and material weights of proposed structures to minimise foundation size.
Pad foundations Foundation installation Depth of proposed foundations below expected level resulting in deeper excavations.
Extension to programme to allow for increased scope of works. Below ground structural works increased.
Undertake early site investigation to determine extent of existing foundations and make allowance in construction programme.
Foundation installation
Pad foundations Depth of proposed foundations above expected level
Below ground structural works are reduced. Programme reduced due to reduced scope of works.
Undertake early site investigation to determine extent of existing foundations and make allowance in construction programme.
3.0 Super Structure
Subject
Risk / Opportunity / Design development Design
Consequence
Mitigation / Action
Structural contingency
Structural design does not represent a completed design at stage D
Design development
Allow suitable contingency for next project stage
Risk Seismic activity considered low/moderate risk Seismic design therefore not considered at this stage. Structural details subject to alteration once the frames are coordinated further. Programme delay if sequence is out of order or approvals have not been achieved Stability of existing and new structures at risk if temporary works are constructed out of sequence Damage to structures or operatives due to works in confined space Review sequencing of construction packages with respect to the critical path and set the programme to suit. Seek early advice from qualified contractors regarding sequencing and temporary works for new build and refurbishment works. Design development Allow suitable contingency for next project stage
Site space constraints Good progress of work on site will rely on a building Sequencing sequence that optimises available space for movement of materials and construction operations.
Design Temporary works For new build structures, temporary works will be necessary to support structural elements during construction
Design development Allow suitable contingency for project stage, temporary propping and programme. Full temporary works to be allowed for.
Construction quality
Construction quality is not considered to impede the structural form. The strength grade and availability of materials for this project is assumed not to be an issue.
Dialogue with the Client is required to ensure a suitable contractor is appointed.
Seek early advice from qualified contractors and Client.
Design development
Seek early advice from qualified contractors regarding sourcing of materials
Design development & Contractor advice required. Materials Storage and handling Structural element size limited by site working space constraints/ability to manoeuvre in existing structure space High concrete temperature due to Libyan climate Poor concrete quality Off-site disposal may be subject to Waste Management Regulations.
Design using readily available materials that can be transported easily.
Site investigation and early consultation with contractors to determine size limits for elements. Limit concrete placing temperature, dampen forms, shade the aggregate, cool mixing water before use, shade the placing location, minimise evaporation. Seek consultation with the appropriate regulatory bodies i.e., Environment Agency/Local Authorities to obtain clarification of waste disposal procedures.
Construction waste Construction Waste Should materials require off-site disposal, they may be subject to the Waste Management Regulations of the region.
Possible cost and programme implications, increased disposal costs if material is contaminated.
Prepare site waste management plan.
Subject
Risk / Opportunity / Design development Construction activities Disturbance of the surrounding area due to noise, dust, vibration and traffic nuisance.
Consequence
Mitigation / Action
Liability through nuisance, regulatory compliance, disruption/delay of construction work.
Prepare environmental management plan: Determine the need for baseline survey and agree monitoring/mitigation strategy with the appropriate authorities.
APPENDIX B COMMUNITY CENTRE STRUCTURAL ENGINEERS DRAWINGS
Notes
1. DO NOT SCALE FROM THIS DRAWING 2. ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES U.N.O. 3. THIS DRAWING IS TO BE READ IN CONJUNCTION WITH ALL RELEVANT ARCHITECTS AND ENGINEERS DRAWINGS AND SPECIFICATIONS
A
6000
B
8000
C
6000
S / C o / 2 0 0
D
3000
E
8000
4. ALL PAD FOUNDATIONS TOC = -2.400 U.N.O
0 1
175
4 7 5
F TOC = -0.300 (TYPICAL)

7 2 5
2 3 7 0
200mm THK. RC SHEAR WALL (TYPICAL)
475
8 0 0 0
725
4 0 0
6 0 0
1500
8 0 0 0
A C C
8 0 0 0
01
S/Co/200
D
01
725
475
1 4 1 0
2370 B F B
2 6 2 6
TOC = -0.300
4 0 0
4 7 5
7 2 5
G
2 0 0 0
6 0 0 0
P01
Rev
ISSUED FOR STAGE D+

Description
24/06 2011 Date
JL KW By
ABu
App
6 0 0
400 2374 1000 TOC = -0.300 1000 5000

1 0 7 5
400
600
Chk
1 0 0 0
4 7 5
PRELIMINARY
700 300 E
1 0 0 0
1 4 7 5
8 7 5
5
C B
1 0 0 0
E C 4915 175mm DIA. RC COLUMN (TYPICAL)

7 0 0 0
1 0 0 0
MAFRAQ INDUSTRIAL CITY COMMUNITY CENTRE
2916 1700
1000
4 0 0
2361
TOC = -0.300
J
1 5 3 4 4 2 4
tel 020 7631 5291 fax 020 7323 4645
london@ramboll.co.uk
www.ramboll.co.uk
6
1400
5 7 6
4915
84
4 6 6
FOUNDATIONS GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
0 1
Scale:
Date:
Drawn:
Checked:
1:100@A1
Drawing No.:
JUNE 2011
JL
Rev:
KW
8227/S/Co/095
P01
Notes
A
6000
B
8000
C
6000
S / C o / 2 0 0
D
3000
E
8000
4. SETTING OUT OF UPSTANDS/DOWNSTANDS

DEPTH 24/06 2011 Rev Description Date Chk JL KW By App
SSL
DEPTH
0 1
600WIDE x 300DEEP RC DOWNSTAND 3595

C 0 1
2 5
175
2 5 1 7 5
1
2 6 6 5
350x350 RC COLUMN
3 0 7 0
(TYPICAL WITHIN 200mm THK. RC SHEAR WALL (TYPICAL) 25 RECREATION HALL)
8 0 0 0
2 6 7 0
C 0 1
C 0 1
2 0 0
350WIDE x 300DEEP
2 6 6 5
175
200
RC DOWNSTAND 200 175

2 0 0
200
C 0 1
1500
2
2 6 6 5
C 0 1
200mm THK. RC SLAB

8 0 0 0 2 6 7 0
SSL
0.000
2 6 6 5
C 0 1
125
175
50
3
2 6 6 5
8 0 0 0
2 6 7 0
C 0 1
C 0 1
01
S/Co/200
01
C 0 1
2 6 6 5
EXTENT OF 350WIDE x 650DEEP

2 0 0 2 1 1 0
RC BEAM TOC +3.880 TO PICK UP GLAZING
3075
3070
25
1974
3 2 5
1000
6 0 0 0
2 5
C 0 1
4 0 0
2 8 4 9
1 0 0 0
P01
ISSUED FOR STAGE D+
ABu
1 9 7 4
3 7 5
1 0 7 5
1 3 0 1
1 4 7 5
1 2 7 5
1 6 2 5
1 0 0 0
4 7 5
PRELIMINARY
325
2849 250x250 RC COLUMN
2849
325
175mm DIA. RC COLUMN (TYPICAL)
200
2925
1700
7 0 0 0
(TYPICAL)
350WIDE x 300DEEP RC DOWNSTAND
5 3 4
3915
8 2 4 5 1
4000
1916
tel 020 7631 5291 fax 020 7323 4645
www.ramboll.co.uk
1 7 6
1000
1975
3000
3 2 5
GROUND FLOOR
0 1
Scale:
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
Date:
Drawn:
Checked:
1:100@A1
Drawing No.:
JUNE 2011
JL
Rev:
KW
8227/S/Co/100
P01
Notes
A
6000
B
8000
C
6000
S / C o / 2 0 0
D
3000
E
8000
4. SETTING OUT OF UPSTANDS/DOWNSTANDS

DEPTH 24/06 2011 Rev Description Date Chk JL KW By
SSL
DEPTH
0 1
2900
1 75
175
2825
1175
1
BEAMS POST FIXED TO MASONRY WITH 4 NO. M16 MASONRY ANCHORS
B04
B01
B 0 4
4 B0
CAST IN STEELWORK CONNECTION TO EDGE BEAM
B01 B04
4 0 B
8 0 0 0
B0 4
B01
B04 B01
B04
B01
165mm THK. RC SLAB SSL B04 +6.400
B01
8 0 0 0
B0 5
B01 2000 B04 250WIDE x 335HIGH UPSTAND AROUND PERIMETER

B0 2
2000
1794
B01
B04
B01
1 532
1400
350WIDE x 1200DEEP DOWNSTAND AROUND B04 PERIMETER
600WIDE x 1200DEEP DOWNSTAND BEAMS (TYPICAL) B01
1 400
8 0 0 0
4 B0
B01 01
01
S/Co/200
B04 B01
B0 4
1 75
150WIDE x150HIGH UPSTAND (TYPICAL)
2875
200
200
175WIDE x 650HIGH UPSTAND
4
CAST IN STEELWORK CONNECTION TO EDGE BEAM
B04 175
B03
B0 3
1 00
41 75
B0 1
B0 1
B 0 4
B0 1
B0 1
B0 1
B0 1
B0 1
B0 1
B0 1
B0 1
4 0 B
3 0 B
6 0 0 0
275mm THK. RC SLAB SSL +3.350 P01 ISSUED FOR STAGE D+ ABu
App
31 74
B02 275mm THK. RC SLAB SSL +3.350 330mm THK. RC SLAB SSL +3.300
PRELIMINARY
1 625
5
1365 1365
50
7 0 0 0
1400
1 400
150WIDE x150HIGH UPSTAND (TYPICAL)
2000
2000
tel 020 7631 5291 fax 020 7323 4645

799
www.ramboll.co.uk
6
376
3176
3174
174
ROOF
0 1 175WIDE x 150HIGH UPSTAND VOIDS TO ARCHITECTS SETTING OUT
GENERAL ARRANGEMENT
Scale:
Date:
Drawn:
Checked:
1:100@A1
Drawing No.:
JUNE 2011
JL
Rev:
KW
8227/S/Co/101
P01
Notes
P01
Rev
ISSUED FOR STAGE D+

Description
24/06 2011 Date
JL KW By
ABu
App
Chk
PRELIMINARY
tel 020 7631 5291 fax 020 7323 4645
www.ramboll.co.uk
FULL BUILDING ISOMETRIC
Scale:
Date:
Drawn:
Checked:
NTS
Drawing No.:
JUNE 2011
JL
Rev:
KW
8227/S/Co/110
P01
Notes
CAST IN CONNECTION
SSL +6.400
TOS +6.615
STEEL CANTILEVER 350WIDE x 650DEEP RC BEAM TO PICK UP GLAZING SSL +3.300
SSL 0.000
SECTION
100 1:
01
8227/S/Co/100
CAST IN CONNECTION
SSL +6.400
TOS +6.615
STEEL CANTILEVER
TOS +3.270
350WIDE x 650DEEP RC BEAM TO PICK UP GLAZING
SSL +3.350
SSL 0.000
P01
Rev
ISSUED FOR STAGE D+

Description
24/06 2011 Date
JL KW By
ABu
App
Chk
PRELIMINARY
SECTION
100 1:
02
8227/S/Co/100
tel 020 7631 5291 fax 020 7323 4645
www.ramboll.co.uk
FULL BUILDING SECTIONS 01 & 02

Scale: Date: Drawn: Checked:
1:100@A1
Drawing No.:
JUNE 2011
JL
Rev:
KW
8227/S/Co/200
P01
MEP SERVICES

Services Engineering Stage D Report Community Building
For
Camillin Denny Architects 24 June 2011

project no. 8227
Ramboll
60 Newman Street London W1T 3DA, United Kingdom Tel +44 (0)20 7631 5291 Fax +44 (0)20 7323 4645 london@ramboll.co.uk
Revision History
Rev 1 Date 24/6/11 Purpose/Status Stage D Document Ref. RUK-8227-RP-002 Services Engineering Stage D ReportCommunity Building Comments Issued for comment
Prepared by:
Reviewed by:
Approved by:
Panayiotis Themistokleous Design Engineer
Craig Winter Associate Director
Guy Collingwood Director
1 1.1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This Stage D report has been developed without any input from the following potential specialist consultants. CCTV/ Access Control/ Intruder Alarm IT Systems Acoustics Fire
2 2.1
INTRODUCTION Ramboll have been appointed by CAMILLIN DENNY Architects to provide the environmental and engineering services for the Node Buildings Hostel Blocks, Community Hall, Mosque and Retail units located within the Mafraq Industrial City in Jordan. By attendance at meetings /workshops and through correspondence with the Architects, Ramboll have developed an understanding of the clients environmental and engineering aspirations in the absence of a detailed employers requirement/ brief. The document provides the outline description of o detailed proposal for the project and the details of the design conditions, design standards and main features of the various systems. Upon sign off, a subsequent issue, following detailed design will include comprehensive information of plants and equipments selected including technical and manufacturers data however this is subject to an extension of our appointment. We have undertaken a detailed review of the proposed buildings, together with meetings and various discussions with the design team to gather sufficient information and understanding of the clients requirement for a compliant and comprehensive scheme package to be prepared. The proposals described in this report should be read in conjunction with our drawings. The views and opinions expressed within this report reflect our professional engineering experience, industry good practice, British, European Standards, Building Regulations and the recommendations and solutions supplied by third party manufacturers and suppliers. This report does not specifically detail all individual engineering solutions and options which may have been explored and excludes specific advice on works to building fabric and structural or architectural features and their component parts. Ramboll may recommend to the client that further expert advice be obtained where appropriate
2.2
1.3 1.4 1.5
It is assumed that the capacity of the new electrical supply will be adequate for the development. It is assumed that the existing communications provision will be retained for re-use The security systems proposals to be reviewed to align with the building operators security management strategy. CCTV to comply with local codes, specialist should liaise with local security services. Electric wall mounted space heaters shall be provided to serve all areas such as the community hall, corridors, toilets, etc. The Community building shall be naturally ventilated throughout with ceiling fans within the prayer areas to assist with the cooling of the space. The toilets shall have mechanical extract ventilation. 1No extract fan located at roof level shall serve the toilet areas. The kitchen toilets shall be served via wall mounted extract fans. 1No air handling unit shall be provided to serve the Kitchen. The cold water requirements for the Community Building will be derived from a boosted cold water storage and pumped supply system located within the building. Filtration plant & sterilization system will be installed upstream of the cold water storage tank to ensure the required quality of water is supplied to all fixtures and water supply outlets. The hot water requirements for the Community Building will be derived from central storage heaters/calorifiers, these systems shall comprise a sealed heavy duty copper or stainless steel cylinder with an electronic immersion coil heater to provide normal hot water usage to supply the building. These systems can be supplemented with an integral duplicate solar-thermal heating coil to provide the primary heating medium during periods of hot weather. 2.3
1.6 1.7
2.4
1.8
1.9
1.10 The sanitary soil waste and rainwater drainage systems above ground level will be served via a single pipe gravity soil, waste and separate storm water collection systems. These systems shall discharge to the external site sewerage utility network for disposal. Storm water systems will be served via a series of internal and external down pipes as required by the roof profiles and associated falls.
3 3.1
GENERAL DESIGN PARAMETERS MECHANICAL DESIGN CRITERIA The following documents are considered applicable to the project and will be used as a basis of the design & reference of the project: 1. 2. 3. 4. Chartered institute of Building Services Engineers (CIBSE) Guides. British Standards The Building Regulations The Institute of Plumbing standards 3.5 FRESH AIR VENTILATION RATES The following fresh air rates shall be used in the assessment of the building ventilation rates. Area Admin areas Recreation Hall Toilets Kitchen 3.6 HEATING AND COOLING LOADS We would recommend that a thermal model is undertaken using approved modelling software to ascertain the precise heating, cooling and energy requirements for all the buildings. However, this is beyond our scope hence a number of assumptions have been made (whilst making reference to the BSRIA rule of thumbs guide) as detailed below Heating load (all buildings) Summer Uncontrolled Uncontrolled Uncontrolled Uncontrolled Uncontrolled 3.7 NOISE CRITERIA The acoustic design criteria for control of sound and vibration will be subject to a separate report by an acoustic consultant. The information provided below is for guidance purposes only. We have made allowance for standard attenuation measures for fans, air handling plant and rejection equipment i.e. by the careful selection of equipment and use of duct-mounted purposedesigned attenuators. Noise control to the areas served will be by the use of duct-mounted purpose designed attenuators fitted on main plant ductwork; in addition cross talk attenuators have been proposed to serve some noise sensitive areas. Vibration isolation will be incorporated for all plant by the use of proprietary anti-vibration mountings and flexible connections. The requirement for specific pipe work or ductwork isolation hangers is subject to further advice from an Acoustic Consultant. All plants/equipments will be designed and selected to ensure the following internal noise levels are not exceeded. Area Toilets Kitchen Design Criteria NC 40 NC 45 150w/m2 Design Criteria 6l/s per person, average flow rate (natural ventilation) 6l/s per person, average flow rate (natural ventilation) 10 Air changes per hour 40 Air changes per hour (extract)
3.2
EXTERNAL DESIGN CONDITIONS The building heating and air conditioning systems will be designed to maintain the required internal temperatures against the following external conditions. Summer: 34.9C dry bulb/ 21.9C wet bulb Winter: 2.9 C Saturated
3.3
INTERNAL DESIGN CONDITIONS The mechanical systems are to be designed to be capable of maintaining the following environmental conditions. Area Admin areas Circulation spaces Recreation Hall Stores Toilets Design Criteria Winter 22 oC 2 oC 22 oC 2 oC 22 oC 2 oC 21 oC 2 oC 21 oC 2 oC
3.4
OCCUPANCY The following occupancy levels shall be assumed in the assessment of the building heating, cooling and ventilation loads. Area Admin areas Recreation Hall Design Criteria 10m2/person 7m2/person
3.8
PUBLIC HEALTH DESIGN CRITERIA The following shall be used in the assessment of the building water load. Cold water storage Storage shall be based on the number of sanitary wares in the accommodation & storage building and gross internal are in the office building N/A 20 deg C TBC
Hot water storage cold water system temperature Softened water hardness
3.9
LIGHTING DESIGN CRITERIA
Performance Requirements
Luminaire Performance Light Output Ratio (LOR) > 80%
Energy Performance
Area Recreation Hall
Illumination Level 350-500
Reference
Uniformity
Glare
Colour Rendeing > Ra
General Comments Lighting Controllable
VD T
IP Rating
Luminaire Lumens/circuit watt
Lamp Lumens/circuit watt
Control Room
350
CIBSE
0.8
19
80 Lighting Controllable
Yes
N/A
50
WC Entrance Lobby Kitchen
150 300 500
CIBSE CIBSE CIBSE
0.8 0.8
22 22 22
80 80 Lighting Controllable Yes
44 N/A N/A
45 45 50
Reception/Admin Store
300 150
CIBSE CIBSE
0.8 0.8
22 22
80 80 Lighting Controllable
N/A N/A
50 50
Plant Room
200
CIBSE
0.8
22
80
N/A
45
4 4.1
INCOMING SERVICE CONNECTION WATER The existing incoming water mains into the site shall be extended to serve the new water storage tanks and supply systems within each building. The water service pipework shall be installed below ground level.
5 5.1
COMMUNITY BUILDING MECHANICAL
5.1.1 Cooling No cooling has been allowed for the Community building. We would recommend that a thermal model is undertaken using approved modelling software to ascertain if cooling is required for the Community Hall. Thermal model analysis falls out of our scope. 5.1.2 Heating Space heating shall be provided via electric space heaters. Hot water shall be provided via direct electric water storage calorifiers/heaters located within a dedicated plant enclosure within the building. The pipe work will be thermally insulated using rigid phenolic foam material (or similar). Expansion will be accommodated using naturally flexibility where possible or using proprietary expansion devices. 5.1.3 Ventilation Natural ventilation shall be provided for the Community building. This is achieved via openable doors and windows. Ceiling circulating fans shall be provided, to assist with the cooling of the recreation hall. A dedicated extract fan shall serve the toilets and wash areas. The fan shall be located externally at roof level. A dedicated air handling unit system shall be provided to serve the kitchen. The air handling unit shall be located externally at roof level.
4.2
ELECTRICITY New incoming electrical supply is required to serve the building.
Air Handling Unit
5.1.4 Commissioning and Testing All Mechanical services installations will be tested and commissioned in accordance with the relevant codes and regulations and in accordance with manufacturers instructions
5.1.6 Main plant 5.1.5 Area by Area System Descriptions Kitchen The kitchen will be ventilated via dedicated extract fan and supply air handling unit. Extract ventilation shall be achieved via dedicated exhaust ducts from the kitchen canopy and general area. The kitchen supply fan shall be supplied with heating coil, cooling coil and attenuators. The Kitchen extract ductwork shall be fire rated. The kitchen canopy shall be provided with A UV filtration system fire suppression system. Space heating and cooling shall be provided via a ceiling concealed VRF pipe fan coil units located in the ceiling void. The heating and cooling coils on the AHU shall be provided via a DX coils connected to the VRF system. An electric heating coil could also be employed as an alternative. The fan coil unit will be controlled according to temperature sensors which will be mounted within the kitchen area or in the return air stream above the ceiling. A gravity condensate drain will be extended from the fan coil unit to discharge to local drain via a waterless trap. Each toilet area will be served via a dedicated extract fan located externally at roof level. Makeup air will be via openable windows. Ductwork will extract from ceiling mounted extract valves in each area. Heating shall be provided via wall mounted electric space heaters. The kitchen toilets shall be served via wall mounted extract fans. Ventilation Kitchen AHU Number Location Components Recirculation Specific Fan Power Kitchen extract fan Number Location Specific Fan Power 1 No Extract Fans. Toilet areas. 1.0 W/(l/s) (maximum) 1 No @ 100 % duty Fully packaged AHU. Roof level External Plant area. Electric or VRF heating coil, VRF cooling coil, motorized damper, bag filters, panel filter, etc. No 1.0 W/(l/s) (maximum)
Toilet areas
Toilet areas extract fan Number Location Specific Fan Power 1 No Extract Fan. Toilet areas. 1.0 W/(l/s) (maximum)
General Distribution and Terminal Devices Air Volume Control Constant Volume control damper on each branch.
Ductwork
Typical twin-fan extract fan
General
Galvanized steel
Route Admin areas The admin areas shall be naturally ventilated via openable doors and windows. Heating shall be provided via wall mounted electric space heaters. Ceiling circulating fans shall be provided, to assist with the cooling of the prayer areas. The recreation hall shall be naturally ventilated via openable doors and windows. Heating shall be provided via wall mounted electric space heaters. Ceiling circulating fans shall be provided, to assist with the cooling of the prayer areas. 5.2 Terminal Devices Finish
Horizontally in ceiling voids Circular extract valves to WCs Polyester Powder Coated to RAL colour of architects choice (only if required)
Recreation Hall
ELECTRICAL The electrical systems will be designed in accordance with BS 7671, and all relevant Codes and Standards.
5.2.1 Electrical Supply
At this stage of the design process we have assumed that the existing building low voltage (LV) utility electrical supply will be adequate for the proposed development and the electricity supply companys point of connection is aligned derived from a remote sub-station The Electrical Trade Contractor shall be responsible for the electrical design, supply, installation, connection, testing, commissioning and setting to work of the complete and fully operation low voltage distribution installation. The Electrical Trade Contractor shall liaise and coordinate with the Supply Authority throughout the contract to ensure all start up, shut down and Earthing requirements are satisfied. The low voltage system shall include for all associated cabling, cable containment and labelling required Design Parameters: System voltage System frequency Prospective short-circuit current at origin Earthing System 400/230V 50Hz (+10%, (+1%, 24 -6%) -1%) kA
All mains cabling, sub cabling and final distribution cabling shall be BASEC approved only. Cables shall be as follows: Phases L1 L2 L3 Neutral (N) Blue Sheath Brown Black Grey Sheath Sheath Sheath
Corresponding terminals shall be labelled L1, L2, L3 and N. Cables shall be installed without joints other than at equipment and terminal fittings. Junction boxes shall not be used without approval of the design engineer. Where cables and cable trays pass through a wall separating fire compartments the hole shall be sealed after cable installation using a proprietary, intumescent non-shrinking fire stopping method. The method shall provide a fire resistance at least equal to the rest of the wall and shall provide an easy method of breakdown and resealing to allow future installation of more cables.
TN-C-S 5.2.4 UPS There is no proposal to provide any central UPS equipment as part of the works. Local rack mounted UPS may be provided as a component of the fit out works associated with the active equipment in the IT cabinets. 5.2.5 Lighting Installation The proposed lighting design will conform the relevant statutory recommendations included in this shall be the SLL (Society of Light and Lighting) Code for Lighting 2004. The required regulations in which the system will be required to comply with are: SLL Code for Lighting 2004 CIBSE LG3 - Visual Environment for Display Screens Use (AMD 2001) CIBSE LG7 - Office Lighting CIBSE LG10 - Daylighting and Windows BS 8206 Part 1 Artificial Lighting for Buildings BS 8206 Part 2 Daylighting for Buildings Lighting requirements of Building Regulations Part L2 CIBSE GN4 1999
5.2.2 LV Electrical Distribution The main Incoming Service head is to be located in the Ground floor LV Switchroom The New Three phase service head shall serve a TPN distribution Board with 25% spare capacity. A new TPN meter shall be provided along with the service head. The main incoming switch disconnector is to be integral to the distribution Board and is to have a short circuit fault rating of no less than 25kA for 1 second. 5.2.3 Sub Mains Distribution: The distribution board serving the ground floor level shall be Schneider load board. Sub-main distribution cables are to copper conductor XLPE/SWA/LSF and should be installed on the cable tray containment system. A separate LSF copper conductor CPC shall be installed with each sub-main cable and shall have a cross sectional area no less than half the cross sectional area of the phase conductor of the sub-main cable it serves. Bond armour to equipment and main earthing system. The exception to this shall be the supply for the fire alarm which shall be served by red FP200 cable . Sub-main cables & CPC's shall be cleated to all vertical cable tray routes. Horizontal SWA cable tray routes shall use metal cable ties for fixing of cables to cable containment up to a cable size of 35mm. All SWA cables over 35mm shall be cleated to horizontal cable tray routes in accordance with cable manufacturer recommendations.
Lighting which will enhance the working environment will be considered with the following: Maximise the opportunity afforded by natural lighting. Use artificial light to supplement and replace natural light as necessary. Provide an appropriate balance between colour, texture and contrast, appropriately accentuating the architecture. Provide an appropriate expression to architecture to give the sufficient scale and impact to its pretences. Limits environmental impact and light pollution.
Use low energy efficient luminaire with high frequency ballast control gear. To assist maintenance use long life lamps and limit the number of different lamps used throughout. Lamps used will have a correlated colour temperature within the intermediate range 3500K 4000K. All luminaries specified shall be agreed with the design team. The lighting both natural and artificial will aim to provide visual variety and an enhancement of some key areas. Artificial lighting will be seen as an integrated or enhancement of the architecture. The design will align with the average illuminance and uniformity requirements for all internal areas as listed within the Design Criteria table within Section X of this report. 5.2.6 5.2.7 Emergency Lighting Emergency lighting shall be installed to provide temporary illumination to escape routes, walkways, selected areas etc., and signs by means of battery backed emergency lighting systems to operate in the event of a mains or local sub circuit failure. The emergency lighting shall be provided and installed in accordance with the requirements of BS 5266 & BSEN1838 and shall maintain the required illumination levels for a period of three hours without the use of mains electricity via self-contained emergency lighting luminaires. Emergency luminaires shall be emergency versions of general service luminaires complete with integral conversion packs. Emergency luminaires and illuminated exit signs will be provided along escape routes as detailed in the services drawings. All luminaires designated as emergency luminaires shall have a green indicator lamp securely fixed to the luminaire and in clear view to indicate that the charger is healthy. Each self contained emergency lighting luminaire shall be connected to a test key isolating switch which shall be incorporated into the general wiring lighting system, to completely isolate the unit from the normal mains supply. The key switch shall be located adjacent to the supplying distribution board and shall be labelled with the circuit it supplies. Upon completion, the whole emergency lighting installation shall be tested in the presence of the employers agent, building control and the fire officer. 5.2.8 Lighting Controls The building shall afford an effective lighting control system to cover key areas. It shall be possible to vary the lighting to match differing tasks, as well as to permit individual room preferences to be met. Through the use of hardware and software, the control system shall minimise the building's electricity consumption by providing light only where and when it is required. Such control options as time clocks, photocells, presence detectors and localised on/off and dimmable switches shall be allowed for the Academy and are described below in the relevant section. During the day when daylight levels are sufficient for the tasks to be undertaken. photocell shall be utilised to monitor daylight levels and dim those luminaires in a continuous row system adjacent to the windows. Should the occupant feel that a different level of illumination be
required for a certain purpose, the setting can be individually overridden at any time via local switches. Additional energy savings shall also be obtained by incorporating presence detector and programmable time clock switching which are set to switch off the lighting when the room is not in use Reception/Admin Areas Primary control to all Reception/Admin areas will be provided with local multi-gang on/off switch and PIR presence detector links incorporated into the lighting system. This will ensure luminaires are only in operation when the studio areas are during the occupied hours. Luminaries located adjacent to glazing wall, individual local daylight compensation linking shall be provided to respond to pre-set maintained lighting levels, such that they will automatically adjust the light output by dimming to achieve the maintained illumination levels. This shall balance the lighting within the room between natural and artificial to the designed maintained illuminance level. Corridor Routes Programmable timeclock schedule switching is provided for all primary circulation routes luminaries. Alternative wiring arrangements principle shall be utilised to enable the Academy to program time schedules to switch selected circuits, whilst maintaining others for "Security Patrol" or Emergency Means of Escape lighting as required. Local override key switches shall be provided to enable the staffs to override the timeclock schedules for a set overrun period, or alternatively as a direct on/off override switch control. Toilet Areas Local ceiling mounted PIR presence detector control will be provided to WC luminaires. The presence detectors will activate a timer overrun, which will be pre-set to 15 minutes. Plantrooms, Store and General Areas All other spaces will be locally switched with surface mounted on/off switches. Wherever spaces demand special dimming requirements, luminaires with high frequency control gear and local multi-button dimmer control switches shall be provided 5.2.9 Small Power Installation Distribution boards will be provided to cater for the installed equipment including an allowance for future installations. General outlets will be provided as required within the Units. Socket outlet and data outlet provision is indicated on the Stage D drawings. All accessories shall be mounted at the mounting heights in accordance with Part M of the building regulations and the architects setting out dimensions. The required regulations in which the system will be required to comply with are: BS 7671 (AMD 2006) - IEE Wiring Regulations 17th Edition
BS EN ISO 9001 - Model for Quality Assurance in Design, Development, Production, Installation & Servicing The Electricity at Work Act 1994 Small Power systems for the Community building shall include but not be limited to: General small power circuitry. Small power circuitry for ICT. ICT system equipment. Cleaners power. Fire alarm system accessories. Lighting Control power Fixed power for systems for the disabled. Local mechanical plant power.
CIBSE Guide E - Fire Safety Engineering The classification of protection will be to the minimum requirements of L1/P1. The fire detection system will cover all areas where a fire could lead to a risk to either property or life. The main fire alarm panel shall be located within the main reception situated on the ground floor of the building. The fire alarm system shall be multi zone, multi loop analogue addressable. The main fire alarm panel shall incorporate 80 character LCD display with an in built printer for compliance with BS 5839. Generally the fire alarm system shall comprise of combined automatic fire detectors and sounders, which shall consist of ionisation and optical detectors. In addition to above visual fire alarm system shall be provided in high ambient noise areas. The fire alarm system shall be wired via 2.5mm2 FP200 Gold fire rated cable with red LSF outer sheathed or approved equivalent. The system maximum number of automatic trigger devices on each loop shall be related to the system manufacturer and the final selected manufacturer details of all system components shall be submitted for approval. In plant room space all manual break glass units shall be surface mounted, where fire alarm cables shall be routed to manual call points using short sections of 25mm diameter, class 4, galvanised steel conduit All other areas manual call points shall be flush mounted, and wiring fully concealed within the fabric of the building using 25mm diameter conduit between the ceiling void and the outlet box. In accordance with British standards, the fire alarm system shall be divided into dedicated fire zone compartments. The fire zones will be designed and arranged in accordance with the Architects fire compartmentation drawings. The main fire alarm system shall incorporate a digital dial out system, which shall direct an alarm status at the fire station. This facility shall be fully proven during commissioning. Fire alarm interfaces shall be provided for the following services: Mechanical Control Centres/ BMS Main security panel. Access Control doors Gas solenoid valve All lighting control panels
For reception/admin areas, surface mounted 3-compartment dado trunking system shall be utilised as means of final power distribution and manufactured in PVC white plastic finish. The power and data wiring systems within the dado system will be completely segregated and fed from lighting & power trunking at high level. For all other areas, power and data points will be supplied by by conduits recessed into the building fabric. Socket outlets and all other accessories faceplates within these areas will be PVC white plastic and will have a dual earth connection facility. The final finish will be flush panel mounted type. All areas of high impact risk will have mild steel surface mounting trunking and conduit systems to provide the necessary cable containment system, e.g. plant rooms. All socket outlets will be of the metal clad type recessed into trunking/partition walls where possible. Externally mounted power outlets shall be IP 54 rated in addition to impact resistance. All socket outlets will be 13A twin switched socket type in accordance with BS 1363 All general-purpose socket outlets will be protected by a combined miniature circuit breaker (MCB) and residual current device (RCD) located within respective power distribution boards. The unit will occupy a single way space within the distribution board. The RCD rating will be 30 mA. An exception to this principal is the protection requirement for ICT (Information Communication Technology) circuits, which will be protected by suitably rated type C MCBs. Fused connection units and double pole switches will be installed adjacent to the equipment they serve. Fused connection units will be fitted with fuses to suit the equipment served. Fused connection units will be in accordance with BS 5733. Non-standard single socket outlets will be installed throughout the building for cleaning purposes only. A maximum distance of 15 metres between two cleaner's sockets will be applied. In plant areas, 13A metal clad double sockets with a built-in 30mA RCD unit will be installed. 5.2.10 Fire Detection and Alarm System The design and installation of the fire detection and alarm system will be in accordance with the following requirements: BS 5839 (AMD 2002) - Fire Detection and Fire Alarm Systems for Buildings BS 6266 - Code of Practice for Fire Protection of Electronic Equipment Installations
The main fire alarm system shall provide outputs covering fire alarm, fault and battery failure status to the BMS via volt free contacts. In the event of a manual call point or an automatic device being triggered the fire alarm system shall move to an immediate alarm status, the only exception to this is the multifunctional space. The main fire alarm system shall incorporate standby batteries and charger unit and shall be capable of sustaining a normal system load for 24 hours, including 1 hour full system alarm load at the end of the 24 hour period. The mains power supply to the fire alarm system shall be obtained from a dedicated MCCB, finished post office red, and labelled "Fire Alarm Do Not Switch Off". 5.2.11 Intruder Alarm An intruder alarm system will be installed to provide PIR detection within the control room and reception/admin areas
At this time it is not known if the alarm signals are to be transmitted offsite to a remote monitoring station. A digital communicator will be provided for the security systems. 5.2.12 Closed Circuit Television A PC based digital IP CCTV system with motion detection will be provided to cover he external perimeter of the building. In addition, internal cameras will be provided to cover the entrances to the facility. CAT6 structured wiring will be installed from the IT cabinets and terminate at the CCTV camera locations. The CCTV installation will be operated on a dedicated independent network 5.2.13 Lightning Protection system There is no proposal to provide lightning protection to these low level buildings. However it is recommended that a risk analysis is carried out and if required the lightning protection system will be designed and installed by a specialist designer/ contractor. 5.2.14 Voice and Data Installation Cabling infrastructure A passive cabling infrastructure structured (wiring) shall be allowed to serve the facility. The system will enable voice or data at each of the proposed locations. A server cabinet complete with patch panels will be allowed within the Store Room. We assume the client will arrange all incoming communications to align with their requirements. All required building systems lines (e.g. Fire alarm, Security,) will be terminated at both the equipment connection points and within the Store room at the respective service providers incoming Comms junction box. All active equipment and telephone exchange equipment is excluded. It is assumed that this will be provided by the client to align with their requirements. 5.2.15 Provisions for Disabled Person The following provisions will be made for disabled persons: Audio frequency induction loop amplifiers and induction loop cabling will be installed in all public spaces such as circulatrion and prayer areas for persons with impaired hearing. Induction loops will be provided at the following locations; Ground Floor circulation areas Recreation Hall 5.2.16 Lift Installation The single floor accommodation will negate any requirement for lifts.
5.2.17 TV distribution There is no TV distribution allowed for the facility. It is assumed this will be a Client fit out item and potentially may be routed on the structured wiring network. 5.3 PUBLIC HEALTH
5.3.1 Cold Water Systems A valved supply and connection will be taken from the external site domestic water utility mains network to serve a new insulated cold water storage tank located within the building. This tank will contain consumable/potable water to satisfy the water demands for the Community building. This is to be used at all draw off points that could be used for human consumption including cold water taps and where required, associated ablutions and showers. The cold water tank will have a sealed access lid/cover for maintaining the supply float valve and to clean and maintain the system. In addition the tank will have screened vents and overflows to comply with appropriate water Byelaws. A booster pump set together with its associated control panel shall be provided adjacent to the water storage tank. From the water storage tank water will be delivered and pumped/boosted and shall be distributed throughout the building with insulated pipeline systems to serve the various outlets and fixtures within the building.
Cold Water Storage Tank
5.3.2 Performance Criteria Total storage capacity Standby period Pressure 3000litres (for 24 hours storage) N/A 1.5 bar minimum at every outlet subject to architects specification ( pressure reducing valves shall be fitted as appropriate) N/A
Incoming Supply
Water treatment Pipe work 5.3.3 System Components Potable Supply Plant location Tank Water treatment Pressure booster
UV steriliser Blue Medium Density Polyethylene (MDPE)
Plant location Hot water generation 5.3.6 System Components
Within dedicated plant/equipment room within the building Electric Water Heater
Systems 2 No storage units to service the building Distribution and Outlets Ground floor ( located internally) 1No Glass Reinforced Plastic (GRP) sectional tank Electromagnetic conditioning on supply from tank. downstream of the booster set Packaged booster set minimum three pumps. Flow temperature Return temperature Pipe work Route Storage Metering Outlets 60 C N/A Stainless Steel or Copper As cold water N/A None To architects specification
5.3.4 Hot Water Systems Hot water shall be provided via direct electric water storage calorifiers/heaters located within a dedicated plant enclosure within the building. These calorifiers shall comprise an electronic immersion heater to facilitate hot water generation. The hot water systems may be supplemented with an external roof mounted solar-thermal vacuum tube collectors located at roof level. The supplementary solar-thermal systems would provide the primary source for hot water generation during hot weather with back-up supply provided from the electronic heater elements during night and cloudy/cool climatic conditions. 5.3.7 Above Ground Drainage The foul and waste water drainage systems from the Community building will be collected via a series of vertical collection down pipes and stacks which will receive the discharges from the various sanitary fixtures and fittings. The soil and waste drainage systems above ground shall comprise a modified single stack system to BS-EN 12056. A combined grey and black water drainage system shall be provided to the building. The roofs shall each be drained by a series of proprietary outlets and gutters and routed vertically externally to the building where it shall be connected to the underground drainage system via suitably sized downpipes. Gutters, outlets and downpipes shall be designed in accordance with BS EN 12056-3:2000 in line with regional climatic weather conditions as required. Condensate drainage from internal air conditioning systems and VRF units shall be piped to the drainage system. 5.3.8 Performance Criteria Pipe work MuPVC, where less than 75mm diameter, chrome plated copper where on view and exposed. uPVC, where 75mm or more in diameter where concealed. Cast iron soil pipes to be utilised for internally routes pipes within the general storage area Rainwater downpipes to be located externally and coloured to suit the Architecture and external finishes of the building.
Route
Hot Water Storage Calorifiers/Solar Thermal System
5.3.9 Below Ground Drainage The below ground design falls outside our scope and shall be designed by the structural engineer.
5.3.5 Performance Criteria
APPENDIX A MEP RISK REGISTER
M & E RISK REGISTER

Risk Number R1 R2 Structural Coordination Issues Coordination of services with structure Acoustic Performance of Plant To ensure the noise generated by the plant does not exceed the specified background noise levels an assessment will need to be undertaken R3 Receipt of fixed architectural drawings CDA CDA RUK, CDA Risk Description/Risk Event Statement Responsible Date Reported Day-month-year A coordination exercise should be carried out with the design team to ensure that architecture, structure and services and specially coordinated. Sound power levels for all proposed plant will need to be complied by the contractor for submission to the acoustic consultant for incorporation into the acoustic report. Ramboll have made allowancefor standard attenuation measures air handling units and fans and for heat rejection plant by carefully selecting the equipment. Reflected ceiling plans, floor and wall finishes were not available at the time of producing our Stage D package which is a risk on the design proposals. Mitigation
R4
Design input from specialist consultants: IT, catering etc.
CDA
9 Mar 2011
Input from specialist consultants required early to ascertain implications on our outline proposal. Unfortunately there was no information available from any of the potential specialists.
APPENDIX B LUMINAIRE SCHEDULE
000 REF
IMAGE
DESCRIPTION
MANUFACTURER ETAP Lighting E6
LAMPS
COMMENTS
A1
Surface mounted IP65 rated luminaire
2 x 35W T5
A1E
As Above but with 3 hour integral emergency battery pack
ETAP Lighting E6
2 x 35W T5
B1
600 x 600 recessed luminiare
ETAP Lighting UM2
3 x 14W T5
B1E
ETAP Lighting UM2
3 x 14W T5
C1 Recessed Downlight
ETAP Lighting D1
1 x 32W TC-T
C1E
ETAP Lighting D1
1 x 32W TC-T
C2
IP44 Recessed Downlight
ETAP Lighting D1
1 x 32W TC-T
C2E
ETAP Lighting D1
1 x 32W TC-T
000 REF D1
IMAGE
DESCRIPTION
MANUFACTURER Whitecroft Lighting Stiletto
LAMPS
COMMENTS
Surface mounted IP40 rated luminaire
2 x 35W T5
D1E
Whitecroft Lighting Stiletto
2 x 35W T5
EXIT
Recessed double sided emergency illuminated emergency exit sign complete with legend and maintained operation
ETAP Lighting K5
1 x 8w T5
F1
IP54 Recessed Luminaire
Whitecroft Lighting Hygiene
4 x 24w T5
F1E
Whitecroft Lighting Hygiene
4 x 24w T5
G1
Surface Mounted luminaire
ETAP Lighting R8
1 x 22W T-R
APPENDIX C MEP DRAWINGS

Community Building

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1

Client Stage Sign-Off Form

MAFRAQ TECHNOLOGY CITY

DOCUMENT NAME: STAGE COMPLETED: FILE REFERENCE:

RESIDENTIAL NODE: COMMUNITY BUILDING STAGE D

4007-0.04- REPORTS & IMAGES / 1 REPORTS / 2 ISSUED / STAGE D / COMMUNITY BUILDING

PRESENTED TO CLIENT ON:

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF REPORT CONTENT:

Index Architecture Structures MEP Services

DOCUMENT PREPARED BY:

DOCUMENT CHECKED BY:

DOCUMENT RECEIVED BY:

SAUDI JORDAN COMPANY / HAYSSAM AL MASRI

MAFRAQ INDUSTRIAL CITY

05 Community Building - Stage D

MAFRAQ INDUSTRIAL CITY

05 Community Building - Stage D

05 RESIDENTIAL NODE COMMUNITY BUILDING

Residential Node Buildings

Index of Command Centre Area and Residential Node Buildings

See separate report

KIOSK MINI MARKET

See separate report

ENTERPRISE PARK MOSQUE

HOSTEL - 4 BED LOW SKILLED

HOSTEL - 2 BED MEDIUM SKILLED

HOSTEL - SINGLE BED HIGH SKILLED

RESIDENTIAL NODE MOSQUE

MAFRAQ INDUSTRIAL CITY

05 Community Building - Stage D

MAFRAQ INDUSTRIAL CITY

Camillin Denny Architects

10 HEALTH SAFETY AND WELFARE 11 REFERENCES

Edward Grant Design Engineer

Kate Waldron Associate

Alan Bunting Associate Director

1.2 1.3 1.4

1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10

Figure 2. Residential Node

Figure 3. Average Temperatures in Mafraq

Average Rainfall No. days of rain

0 2.5m 2.5 3m Table 1: Average rainfall in Mafraq 3 10m

Figure 4. Ground acceleration under seismic events (Ref: http//www.seismo.ethz.ch)

200RC ground bearing slab

Waterproofing membrane and protection board

Insulation to architects specification Compacted granular fill material (50 kN/m2)

50mm Concrete blinding Sub grade layer

Roof Recreational Building

Roof lower level

Concrete Entrance Canopy

Steel Entrance Canopy

steel = 7.6.2 Deflections i

12x10 -6 mm expansion / mm length / C Reference: BS 5950: Part 1: CL 3.1.2

Expected mode of deterioration Chlorides

Recommended cover with 10mm tolerance 50mm

APPENDIX A PROJECT RISK REGISTER

PROJECT RISK REGISTER / OPPORTUNITY / DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Subject 1.0 Ground Risks

Risk / Opportunity / Design development

Potential effect on temporary works. Potential effect on foundation solutions.

Obstruction to construction work.

Review and survey of previous developments on site is required.

Consequence Possible cost and programme implications.

Archaeology The archaeological potential of the site is unknown.