BÁO CÁO CUỐI CÙNG HỆ THỐNG VIỄN THÔNG

B mn H thng vin thng
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
MC LC
PHN I. GII THIU TI .................................................................................................................. 2
1.1 Tn ti ...................................................................................................................................... 2
1.2 Gii thiu chung. ........................................................................................................................... 2
PHN II : L THUYT ............................................................................................................................ 3
2.1 H thng thng tin quang ghp theo bc sng .......................................................................... 3
2.1.1 Gii thiu. ............................................................................................................................... 3
2.1.2 S chung ca h thng thng tin quang . ........................................................................ 3
2.2 H thng ghp knh quang theo bc sng mt cao DWDM................................................. 6
2.2.1 Gii thiu. ............................................................................................................................... 6
2.2.2. Thnh phn mng DWDM .................................................................................................... 8
2.2.3 Chc nng h thng .............................................................................................................. 9
2.2.4 Cc thng s nh hng n h thng DWDM .................................................................. 10
2.2.5 Cc kiu mng DWDM......................................................................................................... 10
2.2.6 ng dng DWDM ti cc lp mng .................................................................................... 12
PHN III. PHN MM OPTISYSTEM .................................................................................................. 13
3.1. Tng quan v phn mm Optisystem ........................................................................................ 13
3.1.1. Li ch ................................................................................................................................. 13
3.1.2. ng dng ............................................................................................................................ 13
3.2. c im v chc nng ............................................................................................................. 14
3.2.1. Cu to th vin (Component Library) ............................................................................... 14
3.2.2. Tch hp vi cc cng c phn mm Optiwave ................................................................. 15
3.2.3. Cc cng c hin th............................................................................................................ 15
3.2.4. M phng phn cp vi cc h thng con (subsystem) ..................................................... 16
3.2.5. Thit k nhiu lp(Multiple Layout) .................................................................................... 16
3.2.6. Trang bo co (report page) ............................................................................................... 16
3.2.7 Qut tham s v ti u ha (parameter sweeps and optimizations) ................................... 17
3.3 Mt s giao din phn mm ....................................................................................................... 17
PHN IV. M PHNG THIT K H THNG THNG TIN QUANG GHP KNH ........................... 21
4.1 Yu cu thit k .......................................................................................................................... 21
4.2.M phng theo phng n thit k............................................................................................. 22
4.2.1.Tuyn pht quang: chn ca s truyn 1550nm EDFA bng C ...................................... 22
4.2.2 Tuyn truyn dn quang ...................................................................................................... 25
4.2.3 Tuyn thu ca h thng DWDM........................................................................................... 27
4.3.Kt qu m phng theo yu cu ................................................................................................. 28
PHN V: KT LUN ............................................................................................................................. 32
Thit k m phng h thng thng tin quang ghp knh theo bc sng mt cao
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PHN I. GII THIU TI
1.1 Tn ti
ti: M phng thit k h thng thng tin quang ghp knh theo bc sng
mt cao.S dng tool cng c Optisystem ca gi phn mm Optiware
Software.
1.2 Gii thiu chung.
Ngy nay,h thng tin si quang v ang c s dng rng ri trong thng
tin lin lc. Bi l y l h thng p ng c yu cu s dng bng thng
cng nh qu cng sut thu pht v c ly thng tin tt nht hin nay. So vi
thng tin dng cp ng (ADSL) th tc ti a t c ca h thng thng
tin si quang(FTTH) gp 50 ln. Khng nhng th h thng thng tin cp si
quang cn c bo mt rt cao do tnh ng kn h thng truyn dn v s
dng tn hiu nh sng thay cho tn hiu in. Do vy nhm chng em chn
ti bi tp ln mn H thng vin thng vi mc ch nghin cu v tm hiu
v h thng thng tin cp si quang.
Trong qu trnh lm Bi tp ln chng em vn dng c rt nhiu kin thc
hc c trn lp v cng l mc tiu ca nhm chng em ra.
Cui cng, Chng em xin chn thnh cm n thy V Vn Ym tn tnh
hng dn chng em trong sut qu trnh Nhm chng em hon thnh c
kt qu nh mong i.
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PGS.TS V Vn Ym
PHN II : L THUYT
2.1 H thng thng tin quang ghp theo bc sng
2.1.1 Gii thiu.
Th k 21 l th k ca cng ngh thng tin truyn thng. S bng n ca cc
loi hnh dch v thng tin, c bit l s pht trin nhanh chng ca mng
internet lm gia tng khng ngng nhu cu v dung lng cao. Cng ngh ghp
knh theo bc sng quang (WDM) l mt gii php hon ho cho php tn
dng hu hiu bng thng rng ln ca si quang, nng cao r rt dung lng
truyn dn ng thi h gi thnh sn phm. S pht trin ca h thng WDM
cng vi cng ngh chuyn mch quang s to nn mt mang thng tin th h
mi, l mnh thng tin quang trong sut .
2.1.2 S chung ca h thng thng tin quang .
Ghp knh quang theo bc sng WDM (Wavelength Devision Multiplexing)
l cng ngh trong mt si quang truyn dn nhiu bc sng tn hiu quang.
u pht, nhiu tn hiu quang c bc sng khc nhau c t hp li(ghep
knh) truyn i trn mt si quang. u thu tn hiu t hp c phn
gii ra(tch knh), khi phc cc tn hiu gc ri a vo u cui khc nhau .
Gm 3 phn:
+) B pht quang.
+) Mi trng truyn dn: Si quang.
+) B thu quang.
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2.1.2.1 B pht quang .
Nh vy cu trc c bn ca b pht quang bao gm:

+) Ngun quang.
+) B ghp tn hiu quang.
+) Mch iu ch tn hiu.
+) Mch iu khin.
2.1.2.2 Mi trng truyn dn .
Mi trng truyn dn l si quang c suy hao thp, sao hao u theo cc
bc sng.
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PGS.TS V Vn Ym
- Phn loi si quang

+) Theo chit sut:
- Si quang chit sut bc SI(Step-Index)
- Si quang chit sut bin i GI (Graded-Index)
+) Theo s mode
- Si n mode (Single-Mode)
- Si a mode (Multi-Mode)
2.1.2.3 B thu quang.
B thu quang gm cc phn :

+) B tch sng quang .
+) B tin khuch i in .
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+) Cc phn t x l tn hiu in .
c im:
u im ca cng ngh WDM:
- Tng bng thng truyn trn si quang s ln tng ng s bc sng c
ghp vo truyn trn mt si quang .
- Tnh trong sut: do cng ngh WDM thuc kin trc lp mng vt l nn n c
th h tr cc nh dng s liu v thoi nh : ATM, Gigabit Ethernet, ESCON,
chuyn mch knh, IP
- Kh nng m rng : Nhng tin b trong cng ngh WDM ha hn tng bng
thng trn si quang ln n hang Tbps, p ng nhu cu m rng mng nhiu
cp khc nhau .
- Hin ti ch c duy nht cng ngh WDM l cho php xy dng m hnh mng
truyn ti quang OTN(Optical Transport Network) gip truyn ti trong sut
nhiu li hnh dch v, qun l mng hiu qu, nh tuyn linh ng.
Nhc im ca cng ngh WDM :

- Vn cha khai thc ht bng tn hot ng c th ca si quang ( ch mi tn
dng c bang C v bng L) .
- Qu trnh khai thc, bo dng phc tp hn nhiu ln .
- Nu h thng si quang l si DSF theo chun G.653 th rt kh trin khai
WDM v xut hin hin tng trn bn bc sng kh kh khn .
2.2 H thng ghp knh quang theo bc sng mt cao DWDM

2.2.1 Gii thiu.
DWBM (Dense Wavelength Division Multiplex) - Cng ngh ghp knh theo
bc sng mt cao, l mt trong nhng cng ngh quan trng nht trong s
pht trin cng ngh truyn hnh tn hiu quang. DWDM thc hin ghp knh
theo bc sng vi mt rt cao, c khi ln ti hng nghn knh, cung cp
dung lng rt ln phc v truyn d liu, ti phim nh, m nhc, tr chi ngy
cng pht trin. DWDM hin nay thng dng cho mng back bone nh h
thng cp quang bin ngy nay hay h thng xuyn lc a, cng c th cung
cp trong phm vi mt nc hay khu vc do chi ph trin khai rt cao, khong
cch khng dng b lp hay khuch i ln ti vi nghn km.
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u im:
- Tc truyn cao, c th ln n 400Gb/s, suy hao thp, khong cch truyn
xa.
- a giao thc: giao thc DWDM khng ph thuc vo tc truyn d liu, v
th cc giao thc IP, ATM, SONET/SDH c th truyn vi tc t 100Mbps
n 2,5Gbps.
- DWDM c th truyn nhiu dng tn hiu khc nhau trn cng mt knh.
Nhc im:
- Gi thnh t, chi ph lp t trin khai t hn so vi mng c WDM.
S pht trin cng ngh DWDM.
u nhng nm 1990, thi k ca h thng WDM th h 2 chuyn t s dng
2 knh ln 8 knh, nhn knh ny t cch nhau mt khong 400GHz min
1550nm. Gia nhng nm 1990, h thng DWDM ni ln mnh m vi s dng
16-40 knh v khong cch tn s 100-200GHz. Cui nhng nm 1990 h
thng DWDM pht trin ln mc 64-100 knh song song, mt ng gi
ln n khong cch tn s 50 hay thm ch 25GHz .
S tng cng mt knh do ng dng cng ngh DWDM nh hng
mnh m ln dung lng mang tn hiu ca si quang. Nm 1995, khi nhng h
thng 10Gbps u tin c trin khai, tc tng dung lng t 4 ln mi
nm .
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2.2.2. Thnh phn mng DWDM

2.2.2.1 B ghp knh u cui DWDM
B ghp knh cha cc b transponder(b tch sng) chuyn i bc sng
cho tng bc sng mang tn hiu. Cc transponder ny nhn tn hiu quang
u vo, chuyn chng thnh cc tn hiu in v truyn li bng laser di
bng 1550nm. Cc b ghp knh u cui ny cn c c b ghp knh tn hiu
quang, chng s ghp cc tn hiu trong bng 1550nm vo mt si cp (SMF28fiber). B ghp knh u cui c th hoc khng h tr b khuch i quang
EDFA ni b i vi tn hiu quang a bc sng .
2.2.2.2 Cc b lp quang tc thi
Mi khong 80-100km li t mt b gim suy hao cng sut quang khi
truyn trn ng dy. Tn hiu s c khuch i bi EDFA .
2.2.2.3 u cui quang tc thi (b ADM)
L phn a im b khuch i t xa m khuch i cc tn hiu a bc
sng truyn ln n 140km hoc hn th trc khi ti trm remote sites.
Phn tch v o c tn hiu quang c thc hin ti cc site, cho php nh
v bt c s t gy hoc suy gim tn hiu no. Trong cc h thng phc tp
cc tn hiu vt ra ngoi tn hiu a bc sng c th c loi b tng phn
.
2.2.2.4 Thit b u cui phn knh DWDM
Chuyn tn hiu a bc sng tr v tng tn hiu n nh trc o, a tr
v cc si khc nhau trong h thng client-layer(nh SONET/SDH). C bn
phn phn knh ny c thc hin hon ton th ng tr mt vi php o,
hu ht cc h thng SONET u nhn cc tn hiu bc sng SONET u nhn
cc tn hiu bc sng 1550nm. Tuy nhin chuyn n h thng client-layer,
m bo tnh ton vn tn hiu s cc tn hiu phn knh ny thng thng s
c gi sng cc transponder u ra O/E/O trc khi chuyn n h thng
client-layer.
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2.2.2.5 Knh gim st quang optical supervisory channel(OSC)

Truyn cc thng tin v tn hiu quang a bc sng cng nh iu kin
remote ti cc im u cui .
2.2.2.6. Giao din DWDM
Phn ln cc h thng DWDM h tr chun giao tip vi SONET/SDH. Bn
trong h thng DWDM, transponder chuyn tn hiu quang ca client t tn hiu
in gi tr. Nhng tn hiu ny c s dng cho u vo laser. Mi
transponder trong h thng s chuyn tn hiu ca client ca n thnh mt bc
sng khc nhau. Cc bc sng khc nhau ca tt c cc client qua transponder
s c ghp knh quang li. V bn pha u thu ca h thng DWDM s
din ra qu trnh ngc li. Cc bc sng n l s c tch ra t b tch
sng, chuyn n tng transponder tng ng, m ti tn hiu s c
chuyn li thnh tn hiu in v giao din chun tr v cho client.
2.2.3 Chc nng h thng
H thng gm cc chc nng chnh sau :

2.2.3.1 To tn hiu
Ngun tn hiu laser pht sng n nh, bng hp mang tn hiu s c iu
ch dng tn hiu tng t .
2.2.3.2 Ghp knh tn hiu
H thng DWDM trin khai ghp knh tng hp tn hiu. C nhiu xy ra
cc qu trnh tch v ghp knh, nhiu ny ph thuc vo s knh c truyn
nhng c th c ti thiu bng cc b lc quang- s ci thin tt c cc tn
hiu quang m khng cn chuyn sang tn hiu in .
2.2.3.3 Truyn tn hiu
Di tc ng nhiu xuyn v suy hao tn hiu quang gy sauy hao, tn tht
do truyn tn hiu trong si quang. Gim cc suy hao ny bng iu khin cc
thng s nh khong cch tn s, dung sai bc sng, cng sut pht laser. Cc
tn hiu quang cn c khuch i tng khong cch truyn cng nh gim
nhiu .
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2.2.3.4 Phn knh tn hiu

Tn hiu c phn knh c nhn bi thit b thu quang nh photodetector,
thm na mt h thng DWDM cn c trang b giao din pha ngi dng
nhn tn hiu pha u vo, chc nng ny c thc hin bi cc transponder.
V mt DWDM s l cc giao din quang lin kt vi h thng DWDM .
2.2.4 Cc thng s nh hng n h thng DWDM

Suy hao.
S knh bc sng.
rng ph ca ngun pht.
Qu cng sut.
Tn sc.
Hiu ng phi tuyn.
Di bc sng lm vic ca h thng.
2.2.5 Cc kiu mng DWDM

-DWDM c hai kiu ng dng: kiu mng m v mng tch hp.
Kiu mng DWDM m hot ng vi mi loi giao din quang u cui. H
thng
ny s dng cng ngh chuyn i bc sng chuyn i tn hiu quang t
bc
sng ca lung tn hiu cn truyn sang bc sng quy chun trong h thng. Cc
tn
hiu quang t cc thit b u cui khc nhau sau khi c chuyn i thnh cc
bc sng khc nhau ph hp h thng theo khuyn ngh ITU-T c a ti b
ghp ghp thnh tn hiu DWDM.
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Hnh 1. H thng DWDM m
-H thng DWDM tch hp khng s dng cng ngh chuyn i bc sng. H

thng DWDM tch hp c thit k hot ng cng vi mt s mng khc
nh
SDH, Ethernet, ... Cc giao din quang t thit b thuc cc mng c tch hp
phi
c bc sng chun ha DWDM v c kt ni trc tip vo b tch ghp knh
ca
h thng DWDM.
Hnh 2. H thng DWDM tch hp
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PGS.TS V Vn Ym
2.2.6 ng dng DWDM ti cc lp mng

- Mng ng trc (back-bone)
Cc h thng DWDM khong cch xa (long-haul) c ng dng trong mng
ng trc truyn ti thng tin vi lu lng ln gia cc vng trong mt
quc gia. c im ca cc h thng ny l dung lng rt ln v s dng cc
cng ngh sa li FEC, khuych i Raman, nh dng xung CRZ cng vi cc
trm lp tng cng v khong cch. H thng mng ng trc c xy
dng di dng hnh vng hoc hnh li tng kh nng bo v lu lng.
- Mng ni vng (Metropolitan)
S dng cc h thng DWDM khong cch trung bnh kt ni gia cc
im tp trung lu lng trong mt vng. Cc mng metro cng c xy dng
dng hnh vng hoc hnh li tng kh nng bo v lu lng.
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PHN III. PHN MM OPTISYSTEM
3.1. Tng quan v phn mm Optisystem

Cng vi s bng n v nhu cu thng tin, cc h thng thng tin quang
ngy cng tr nn phc tp. phn tich, thit k cc h thng ny bt buc
phi s dng cc cng c m phng. OptiSystem l phn mm m phng h
thng thng tin quang. Phn mm ny c kh nng thit k, o kim tra v thc
hin ti u ha rt nhiu loi tuyn thng tin quang, da trn kh nng m hnh
ha cc h thng thng tin quang trong thc t. Bn cnh , phn mm ny
cng c th d dng m rng do ngi s dng c th a thm cc phn t t
nh ngha vo. Phn mm c giao din thn thin, kh nng hin th trc quan.
OptiSystem c th gim thiu cc yu cu thi gian v gim chi ph lin quan
n thit k ca cc h thng quang hc, lin kt, v cc thnh phn. Phn mm
OptiSystem l mt sng to, pht trin nhanh chng, cng c thit k hu hiu
cho php ngi dng lp k hoch, kim tra, v m phng gn nh tt c cc
loi lin kt quang hc trong lp truyn dn ca mt quang ph rng ca cc
mng quang hc t mng LAN, SAN, MAN ti mng ultra-long-haul. N cung
cp lp truyn dn, thit k v quy hoch h thng thng tin quang t cc thnh
phn ti mc h thng. Hi nhp ca n vi cc sn phm Optiwave khc v
cc cng c thit k ca ngnh cng nghip in t hng u phn mm thit k
t ng gp phn vo OptiSystem y nhanh tin sn phm ra th trng v
rt ngn thi gian hon vn.
3.1.1. Li ch
- Cung cp ci nhn ton cu vo hiu nng h thng
- nh gi s nhy cm tham s gip vic thit k chi tit k thut
- Trc quan trnh by cc ty chn thit k v d n khch hng tim nng
- Cung cp truy cp n gin tp hp rng ri cc h thng c tnh d
liu
- Cung cp cc tham s t ng qut v ti u ha
- Tch hp vi h cc sn phm Optiwave
3.1.2. ng dng
To ra p ng nhu cu ca cc nh khoa hc nghin cu, k s vin
thng quang hc, tch hp h thng, sinh vin v mt lot cc ngi dng khc,
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OptiSystem p ng cc nhu cu ca th trng lng t nh sng pht trin

mnh m nhng vn d s dng cng c thit k h thng quang hc.
OptiSystem cho php ngi dng lp k hoch, kim tra, v m phng:
- Thit k mng WDM / TDM hoc CATV
- Thit k mng vng SONET / SDH
- Thit k b pht, knh, b khuch i, v b thu thit k bn phn tn
- nh gi BER v penalty ca h thng vi cc m hnh b thu khc nhau
- Tnh ton BER v qu cng sut tuyn ca cc h thng c sng dng khuch
i quang.
- Thay i h thng tham s BER v tnh ton kh nng lin kt Khi h thng
quang hc tr nn nhiu hn v phc tp hn, cc nh khoa hc v k s ngy
cng phi p dng cc phn mm k thut m phng tin tin, quan trng h tr
cho vic thit k. Ngun OptiSystem v linh hot to iu kin thun li hiu
qu v hiu qu trong vic thit k ngun sng. "
3.2. c im v chc nng
3.2.1. Cu to th vin (Component Library)
Th vin OptiSytem bao gm hng trm cc thnh phn cho php bn c
th nhp cc thng s c o t cc thit b thc s. N tch hp vi cc th
nghim v thit b o lng t cc nh cung cp khc nhau. Ngi s dng c
th kt hp cc thnh phn mi da trn h thng con v ngi s dng v nh
ngha l th vin, hoc s dng m phng cng vi mt cng c ca bn th ba
chng hn nh MATLAB hoc SPICE.
C th bao gm:
Th vin ngun quang
Th vin cc b thu quang
Th vin si quang
Th vin cc b khuch i (quang, in)
Th vin cc b MUX, DEMUX
Th vin cc b lc (quang, in)
Th vin cc phn t FSO
Th vin cc phn t truy nhp
Th vin cc phn t th ng (quang, in)
Th vin cc phn t x l tn hiu (quang, in)
Th vin cc phn t mng quang
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Th vin cc thit b o quang, o in
3.2.2. Tch hp vi cc cng c phn mm Optiwave

Optisystem cho php ngi dng s dng kt hp vi cc cng c phn
mm khc ca Optiwave nh OptiAmplifier, OptiBPM, OptiGrating,
WDM_Phasar v OptiFiber thit k mc phn t.
Miu t c tn hiu pha trn
OptiSystem x l cc nh dng tn hiu hn hp cho tn hiu quang v in
trong Hp phn Th vin. OptiSystem tnh ton cc tn hiu ang s dng thch
hp cc thut ton c lin quan n cc yu cu m phng chnh xc v hiu
qu.
Cht lng v thc hin cc thut ton
d on hiu sut h thng, OptiSystem tnh ton cc thng s chng hn
nh BER v Q-Factor bng cch s dng phn tch s hoc bn phn tch k
thut ca h thng gii hn bi biu tng nhiu v ting n.
Cc cng c trc quan nng cao
Cc cng c trc quan tin tin to ra ph OSA ,xung tn hiu,biu mt,phn
cc trng thi,cc s hp thnh v nhiu hn na.Ngoi ra,bao gm cc cng
c nghin cu WDM cc danh sch tn hiu ngun,hnh nh ting n v OSNR
cho mi knh.
Theo di, gim st d liu
Bn c th chn cc cng thnh phn lu d liu v gn mn hnh sau khi m
phng kt thc. iu ny cho php bn x l d liu sau khi m phng m
khng cn tnh ton li , Bn c th ty nh km mt s hin hnh ti mn
hnh ti cng mt cng.
3.2.3. Cc cng c hin th
Optisystem c y cc thit b o quang, o in. Cho php hin th tham s,
dng, cht lng tn hiu ti mi im trn h thng.
Thit b o quang:
Phn tch ph (Spectrum Analyzer)
Thit b o cng sut (Optical Power Meter)
Thit b o min thi gian quang (Optical Time Domain Visualizer)
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Thit b phn tch WDM (WDM Analyzer)
Thit b phn tch phn cc (Polarization Analyzer)
Thit b o phn cc (Polarization Meter)...
Thit b o in:
Oscilloscope
Thit b phn tch ph RF (RF Spectrum Analyzer)
Thit b phn tch biu hnh mt (Eye Diagram Analyzer)
Thit b phn tch li bit (BER Analyzer)
Thit b o cng sut (Electrical Power Meter)
Thit b phn tch sng mang in (Electrical Carrier Analyzer)...
3.2.4. M phng phn cp vi cc h thng con (subsystem)

vic m phng c thc hin mt cach linh hot v hiu qu,
Optisystem cung cp m hnh m phng ti cc mc khc nhau, bao gm mc
h thng, mc h thng con v mc phn t.
3.2.5. Thit k nhiu lp(Multiple Layout)
Trong mt file d n, Optisystem cho php to ra nhiu thit k, nh
ngi s dng c th to ra sa i cc thit k mt cch nhanh chng v hiu
qu. Mi file d n thit k ca Optisystem c th cha nhieuf phin bn thit
k. Mi phin bn c tnh ton v thay i mt cch c lp nhng kt qu
tnh ton ca cc phin bn khc nhau c th c kt hp li, cho php so snh
cc phin bn thit k mt cch d dng.
3.2.6. Trang bo co (report page)
Trang bo co ca Optisystem cho php hin th tt c hoc mt phn cc
tham s cng nh cc kt qu tnh ton c ca thit k ty theo yu cu ca
ngi s dng. Cc bo co to ra c t chc di dng text, dng bng tinh,
th 2D v 3D. Cng c th kt xut bo co di dng file HTML hoc di
dng cc file template c nh dng trc
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PGS.TS V Vn Ym
3.2.7 Qut tham s v ti u ha (parameter sweeps and optimizations)

Qu trnh m phng c th thc hin lp li mt cch t ng vi cc gi
tr khc nhau ca tham s a ra cc phng n khc nhau ca thit k.
Ngi s dng cng c th s dng phn ti u ha ca Optisystem thay i
gi tr ca mt tham s no t c kt qu tt nht, xu nht hoc mt
gi mc tiu no ca thit k.
3.3 Mt s giao din phn mm

Th vin cc phn t ( component library ) :
Ngi dng truy cp vo ly cc phn t thit k (Hnh 1)
Hnh 2.1: Th vin cc phn t

Th vin cc phn t:
- Th vin ngun quang - ( optical sources library )
- Th vin cc b thu quang - (receivers library)
- Th vin si quang - (optical fiber library)
- Th vin cc b khuch i (quang, in) - (amplifier library)
- Th vin cc b MUX, DEMUX
- Th vin cc b lc (quang, in) - (filter library)
- Th vin cc phn t FSO - ( free space optics library)
- Th vin cc phn t truy nhp - ( access library)
- Th vin cc phn t th ng (quang, in) - (passiver library)
- Th vin cc phn t x l tn hiu (quang, in) -( signal processing library)
- Th vin cc phn t mng quang (network library)
- Th vin cc thit b o quang, o in
Page 17
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Ngoi ra cc phn t c nh ngha sn, Optisystem cn c

- Cc phn t Measured components. Vi cc phn t ny, Optisystem cho php
nhp cc tham s c o t cc thit b thc ca cc nh cung cp khc nhau.
- Cc phn t do ngi s dng t nh ngha ( User-defined Components)
Giao din ngi s dng:
- Project layout : phn m ngi s dng thit k
Hnh 2.2. Giao din ngi s dng

- Dockers : bao gm
Project Browser : truy nhp n cc tham s v kt qu ca thit k (Hnh
Page 18
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Hnh 2.3: Project Browser
Description : a ra cc thng tin m t tm tt v thit k
Hnh 2.4: Description
Page 19
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Status bar : hin th nhng gi v vic s dng Optisystem
Hnh 2.5: Status bar

Menu bar : cha cc menu c sn trong Optisystem
Hnh 2.6: Menu bar
Tool bars : cc thanh cng c c sn trn ca s
Hnh 2.7: Tool bars
Page 20
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
PHN IV. M PHNG THIT K H THNG THNG TIN QUANG

GHP KNH THEO BC SNG MT CAO
4.1 Yu cu thit k
Bi ton: Xy dng phng n thit k h thng thng tin quang DWDM c s
dng khuch i quang EDFA vi cc yu cu thit k nh sau:
+ Tc bit:
10 Gbit/s
+ C ly truyn dn: 240 km

+ S lng knh bc sng: 32 knh
-Mt s gi khi thit k:
+Loi si:
Si quang n mode chun (G.655)
+Ngun pht: - Loi ngun: Laser.

- Phng thc iu ch: iu ch ngoi
B thu: S dng PIN kt hp vi b lc thng thp Bessel
Yu cu:
S dng phn mm Optisystem xy dng m hnh m phng h thng thng
tin quang DWDM theo phng n thit k.
Lu : cc tham s ton cc (global parameters m phng) c thit lp
nh sau:
+Tc bit:
10 Gbit/s
+ Chiu di chui:
128 bits
+S mu trong 1 bit: 64
a cc thit b o vo m hnh m phng. Cc thit b o trn tuyn c

t ti cc v tr ph hp xc nh c cht lng v dng tn hiu ti cc
im cn thit trn tuyn. Cc thit b o c bn:
+Thit b o cng sut quang
Page 21
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
+Thit b phn tch ph quang

+Thit b o BER
Chy m phng
- Hin th kt qu m phng bng cc thit b o t trn tuyn

- Thay i cc tham s ca cc phn t trn tuyn t c BER = 10-12
- Bo co kt qu thc hnh
- M hnh m phng
- Cc tham s m phng chi tit
- Kt qu m phng
+ Kt qu m phng theo phng n thit k ban u h thng ban u
+ S thay i ca cc tham s thit k t c BER = 10-12
-Nhn xt, phn tch kt qu m phng .
4.2.M phng theo phng n thit k

4.2.1.Tuyn pht quang: chn ca s truyn 1550nm EDFA bng C
-Tuyn pht quang gm 32 knh quang c tch hp thng quang b ghp
knh quang MUX.
-Thit lp thng s ton cc
+ Tc bt
10GBps
+ Chiu di chui:
128bits
+ S mu trong mt bt: 64
S mu =Chiu di chuiS mu trong mt trong mt bit=12864=8192
Page 22
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Hnh 4.1: Thit lp tham s ton cc
Hnh 4.2:Ngun pht

B ghp knh quang (ghp 32 knh)
Page 23
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Hnh 4.3: B ghp knh MUX 321

Ton tuyn pht 32 knh quang
Hnh 4.4: Ton tuyn pht quang
Page 24
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
4.2.2 Tuyn truyn dn quang
Hnh 4.5:Tuyn truyn dn quang.
-Si quang s dng G.655 c cc tham s: ti ca s truyn 1550nm th:

+ Suy hao si: 0.2dB
+ tn sc:
16.75 ps/nmkm
+ dc tn sc (0.092ps/nm^2/k): 0.075ps/nm^2/k.
Do khong cch ng truyn ln thun tin cho vic m phng chng ta
s dng b loop ng vai tr nh mt b nhn cc vng lp.Chn chiu di si
G.655 l 60km, s b lp l: 240km60km=4 b.
Page 25
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Hnh 4.6. B lp
- Do si quang c suy hao tn sc nn trong tuyn truyn dn s s dng b b
tn sc DCF. Thng s ca b b tn sc:
Gi s si G655 c chiu di l L1=50km.
+ tn sc l : D1= 16.75 ps/nm.km.
+ dc tn sc : 0.075ps/nm^4.km.
+Chiu di si b tn sc ( DCF) l L2=60km-50km=10km
=>Th b tn sc D2= -D1L1/L4.= -5016.75/10= -83 ps/nm.km.
=> dc tn sc : 0.375ps/nm^4.km.
Hnh 4.7. Thng s si b tn sc DCF
Page 26
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Khuch i quang EDFA: Do suy hao si quang nn cn s dng b

khuch i EDFA b suy hao si.
+ L1=50km th suy hao si l: 500.2=10dB li ca b khuch i
EDFA
l 10dB.
+ L2=10km th suy hao si l: 100.2=5dB li ca b khuch i
EDFA
l 5dB.
4.2.3 Tuyn thu ca h thng DWDM
Hnh 4.8. Tuyn thu DWDM

Thit b o BER
Page 27
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Hnh 4.9. Thit b o BER

4.3.Kt qu m phng theo yu cu
thit k Tuyn DWDM theo yu cu
Hnh 4.10. Tuyn DWDM thit k theo yu cu

Quang ph tn hiu pht
Page 28
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Hnh 4.11: Quang ph tn hiu pht

Quang ph tn hiu thu
Page 29
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Hnh 4.12: Quang ph tn hiu thu ca knh 1

Cng sut tn hiu pht
Hnh 4.13:Tng cng sut pht
Cng sut tn hiu thu
Hnh 4.14:Cng sut thu ca knh 1
T l li bt BER
- Mt quang
Page 30
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
Hnh 4.15:Hin th mt quang
Hnh 4.16: BER cu knh th nht 10

Page 31
PGS.TS V Vn Ym
PHN V: KT LUN
DWDM vi nhng u th v mt cng ngh tr thnh mt phng tin
ti u v k thut cng nh kinh t m rng dung lng si quang mt cch
nhanh chng v qun l hiu qu h thng. DWDM p ng c hon ton
cc dch v bng rng trn mng v l tin xy dng mng ton quang
trong tng lai. Cc c ch bo v v khi phc d liu trn h thng DWDM
ch yu da trn nn tng WDM. Nhng trong thc t khng phi thit b trn
h thng DWDM cng ging hon ton vi thit b trn h thng WDM, do vy
ta phi ch trong qu trnh xy dng cc c ch bo v v khi phc d liu
trn h thng WDM.
Khi p dng cc c ch bo v v khi phc d liu cho tuyn quang trc
da trn nn tng h thng DWDM ta phi ch n c im ca tuyn quang
trc truyn vi c ly rt xa v kh nng xy ra cc s c nh s c t cp v
hng hon ton mt nt no , cho nn khi xy dng cc c ch bo v v khi
phc tn hiu trn tuyn phi ch ti hiu qu kinh t v kh nng phc hi
bt c trng hp s c no v chi ph u t l rt ln v tin cy ca h
thng. Hy vng trong tng lai gn chng ta c th xy dng cc c ch bo v
v khi phc d liu c tin cy cao ng thi chi ph u t thit b mc
hp l.
Sau khi thc hin xong ti chng em tip thu c kinh nghim lm
vic theo nhm, cng vi nhng kin thc v cng b ch v h thng thng tin
quang cng nh cch thc m phng h thng bng phn mm optisystem. Tuy
rt c gng nhng do kin thc hiu bit cn hn hp nn cn nhiu vn
cha c gii quyt v cn mt s li nh. Chng em rt mong nhn c s
tr gip ca cc thy gip mnh hon thin kin thc hn na. Mt ln na
chng em xin chn thnh cm n s gip nhit tnh ca thy.
Page 32

BÁO CÁO CUỐI CÙNG HỆ THỐNG VIỄN THÔNG

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BÁO CÁO CUỐI CÙNG HỆ THỐNG VIỄN THÔNG

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B mn H thng vin thng

B mn H thng vin thng

PHN I. GII THIU TI

B mn H thng vin thng

B mn H thng vin thng

2.1.2.1 B pht quang .

Nh vy cu trc c bn ca b pht quang bao gm:

B mn H thng vin thng

- Phn loi si quang

B thu quang gm cc phn :

B mn H thng vin thng

Nhc im ca cng ngh WDM :

2.2 H thng ghp knh quang theo bc sng mt cao DWDM

B mn H thng vin thng

B mn H thng vin thng

2.2.2. Thnh phn mng DWDM

B mn H thng vin thng

2.2.2.5 Knh gim st quang optical supervisory channel(OSC)

H thng gm cc chc nng chnh sau :

B mn H thng vin thng

2.2.3.4 Phn knh tn hiu

2.2.4 Cc thng s nh hng n h thng DWDM

2.2.5 Cc kiu mng DWDM

B mn H thng vin thng

Hnh 1. H thng DWDM m

-H thng DWDM tch hp khng s dng cng ngh chuyn i bc sng. H

Hnh 2. H thng DWDM tch hp

B mn H thng vin thng

2.2.6 ng dng DWDM ti cc lp mng

B mn H thng vin thng

PHN III. PHN MM OPTISYSTEM

3.1. Tng quan v phn mm Optisystem

B mn H thng vin thng

OptiSystem p ng cc nhu cu ca th trng lng t nh sng pht trin

B mn H thng vin thng

Th vin cc thit b o quang, o in

3.2.2. Tch hp vi cc cng c phn mm Optiwave

Thit b o cng sut (Optical Power Meter)

Thit b o min thi gian quang (Optical Time Domain Visualizer)

B mn H thng vin thng

Thit b phn tch WDM (WDM Analyzer)

Thit b phn tch phn cc (Polarization Analyzer)

Thit b o phn cc (Polarization Meter)...

Thit b phn tch ph RF (RF Spectrum Analyzer)

Thit b phn tch biu hnh mt (Eye Diagram Analyzer)

Thit b phn tch li bit (BER Analyzer)

Thit b o cng sut (Electrical Power Meter)

Thit b phn tch sng mang in (Electrical Carrier Analyzer)...

3.2.4. M phng phn cp vi cc h thng con (subsystem)

B mn H thng vin thng

3.2.7 Qut tham s v ti u ha (parameter sweeps and optimizations)

3.3 Mt s giao din phn mm

Hnh 2.1: Th vin cc phn t

B mn H thng vin thng

Ngoi ra cc phn t c nh ngha sn, Optisystem cn c

Hnh 2.2. Giao din ngi s dng

Project Browser : truy nhp n cc tham s v kt qu ca thit k (Hnh

B mn H thng vin thng

Hnh 2.3: Project Browser

Description : a ra cc thng tin m t tm tt v thit k

Hnh 2.4: Description

B mn H thng vin thng

Status bar : hin th nhng gi v vic s dng Optisystem

Hnh 2.5: Status bar