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HC VIN CNG NGH BU CHNH VIN THNG


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TRN VN SNG

NGHIN CU PHNG N TRIN KHAI AMHS MNG ATN TRONG H THNG CNS/ATM CA TNG CNG TY QUN L BAY VIT NAM

TM TT LUN VN THC S K THUT

H NI-2011

M U
Khi nhc ti CNS/ATM th mng vin thng hng khng (Aeronautical Telecommunication Network - ATN) l khi nim khng th tch ri. ATN l mng chuyn dng trong ngnh hng khng, kt ni tt c cc b phn lin quan ti qun l khng lu di mt t v tu bay hot ng trn tri. y l mng vin thng ton cu, l phn ct li, phn xng sng cu thnh nn h thng CNS/ATM. ATN lin kt cc h thng, thit b ring l nh : h thng thng tin lin lc, h thng dn ng, h thng gim st thnh mt h thng thng nht v phng thc truyn nhm phc v cho cng tc iu hnh v qun l khng lu c an ton v hiu qu hn. R rng, vic nghin cu ng dng trin khai cc cng ngh mi p dng trong nghnh qun l bay Vit Nam ni chung v mng ATN ni ring l mt nhim v quan trng. Do , ti Nghin cu phng n trin khai AMHS mng ATN trong h thng CNS/ATM ca Tng cng ty qun l bay Vit Nam l rt cn thit v cp bch nhm p ng nhu cu ngy cng tng ca ngnh hng khng dn dng Vit Nam theo yu cu ca ICAO.

CHNG 1 MNG VIN THNG HNG KHNG ATN


1.1. Tng quan v mng ATN 1.1.1.Khi nim ATN ATN l mt mng vin thng ton cu dnh cho ngnh hng khng, c kh nng lin kt cc h thng cui (End system - ES), cc h thng trung gian (Intermediate Systems) ang s dng trong cc mng con khc nhau, nhm cung cp dch v truyn s liu ng tin cy, mnh m v c tnh thng nht gia cc h thng my tnh vi nhau (cc h thng cui), m cc h thng my tnh ny c th t c nh ti mt t hoc di ng trn khng.

Hnh 1.1 Tng quan v mng ATN 1.1.2. u im v li ch ca mng ATN 1.1.2.1. S cn thit phi thc hin mng ATN 1.1.2.2. u im v li ch ca mng ATN So snh vi h thng lin lc thoi thng thng, ATN v cc ng ng ATM ca n em li nhng li ch sau: - Thng tin lin lc r rng hn dn n gim bt nhng li trong giao tip - Vic s dng cc knh thng tin hiu qu hn a n cc knh lin lc gia mt t v my bay v cc ng truyn trn mt t c gim i. C kh nng kt ni bt k hai u cui ngi s dng no trn my bay hoc mt t trong mng ATN. - Gim bt khi lng cng vic cho phi cng v kim sot vin khng lu hay cc b phn lin quan n hot ng ATM. - Gim bt yu cu cho a s nhng h thng lin lc o cc ng dng ATSC, AOC,AAC, APC ca n. - ATN cn em li cc li ch khc : Gim nhi n liu bay, thi gian bay.

1.2. Cc ng dng trn mng ATN 1.2.1. ng dng t-t G/G 1.2.1.1. ng dng AMHS 1.2.1.2. ng dng AIDC 1.2.2. ng dng khng-a A/G 1.2.2.1. ng dng CM 1.2.2.2. ng dng CPDLC 1.2.2.3. ng dng ADS 1.2.2.4. ng dng FIS 1.3. Cc thnh phn ch yu ca ATN Thnh phn ch yu ca mng ATN l cc mng con (Subnetworks), ATN routers (ISs) v cc h thng u cui (ESs) c m t di hnh v sau:

Hnh 1.3 Minh ha cc thnh phn ch yu ca ATN 1.3.1. ATN routers ATN routers l cc h thng trung gian (IS), v mt cu trc ATN router c phn thnh ba lp tng ng vi ba tng thp nht trong m hnh tham chiu OSI thc hin chc nng truyn d liu, nh tuyn v lin kt cc mng con khc nhau. Vic trao i d liu gia cc routers thng qua cc giao thc nh tuyn. ATN router thc hin truyn cc gi d liu

ngi s dng qua ng i thch hp nht, bng cch thu thp cc yu cu dch v c th c ng trn header ca cc gi d liu. 1.3.1.1. Phn loi ATN router * Phn loi theo giao thc c h tr : gm c 2 loi Router - Router ni min: L cc router ch s dng trong mt min nh tuyn vn ni b. - Router lin min: L cc routers nh tuyn lin min (Bondary Intermediate SystemBIS) c yu cu dng cho mng ATN lin kt dch v thng tin c nh chun n cc min nh tuyn k cn v cc routers cng loi khc trong min nh tuyn ca chng. * Phn loi theo chc nng lin kt - Backbone BISs(BBISs): BBISs l router m nh tuyn ch yu cho cc gi PDUs (Protocol Data Unit) gia cc min nh tuyn. - End BIS: Cc BISS tn cng c kt ni n mt hay nhiu BBIS v cung cp cc dch v nh tuyn cho mt min nh tuyn duy nht. * Phn loi theo lp chc nng s dng lin min Theo chc nng s dng lin min, ta cn phn loi ATN router thnh ba lp: - Ground-Ground Router: L router c dng lin kt cc mng con c t c nh trn mt t. - Air-Ground Router (t ti mt t): L router c dng lin kt cc mng con c t c nh trn mt t v cc mng con di ng trn khng. - Airbone Router: L router ph hp vi cc thit b trn my bay. 1.3.1.2. So snh OSI Router v ATN Router S khc nhau ch yu gia OSI router chun v ATN router lin min l: - ng dng cc chnh sch nh tuyn c th trong vic h tr thng tin lin lc di ng. - S dng gn th an ton cho vic nh tuyn ATN. ATN v l

- p dng k thut nn d liu s dng hiu qu ng truyn A/G. - Cung cp l trnh khi u v kt thc. 1.3.1.3. Cu trc ATN router theo OSI v cc giao thc Trong hnh 1.4 bn di, IS l ATN router th hin theo m hnh tham chiu OSI. ATN router ch gm ba lp thp ca m hnh OSI l: lp vt l (Physical), lp lin kt d liu (Data link) v lp mng (Network).

Hnh 1.4 M hnh lin kt IS ES theo OSI. Cc giao thc dng cho tng tng c m t trong bng 1. 1. Bng 1.1 Giao thc dng trong ATN router.
Tng Mng (Network) Lin kt d liu (Data link) Vt l (Physical) Giao thc s dng IDRP, CLNP, SNDCF, X.25, PLP LAPB Giao tip vt l vi mng chuyn mch gi

1.3.2. H thng cui ATN H thng cui ATN trao i d liu vi cc h thng cui ATN khc trong mng nhm cung cp cc dch v thng tin lin lc gia hai u cui (end to end) cho cc ng dng ca ATN. 1.3.3. Cc mng con ATN

Hnh 1.5 Cu trc tng th mng ATN. 1.3.3.1. Mng con mt t Cc mng con mt t thng thng l cc mng LANs thng dng lin kt ESs v ESs, WAN thng dng cho lin kt gia ISs v ISs. 1.3.3.2 Mng con khng - a Mng con khng a c nhim v m bo vic kt ni gia cc ngi s dng mng con mt t vi cc ngi s dng mng con trn khng. 1.3.3.3. Mng con trn khng 1.3.4. Cu trc mng ATN theo m hnh OSI 1.4. nh tuyn v qun l a ch trong mng ATN 1.4.1. M hnh ATN internet. ATN bao gm cc thnh phn chc nng: - Cc h thng cui ES

- Cc h thng trung gian IS. - Cc ng truyn thng tin. Lin kt cc thnh phn chc nng trn to thnh mng ATN intemet.

Hnh 1.7 M hnh ATN intemet. 1.4.2. Cc yu cu nh tuyn 1.4.3. nh tuyn trong ni b min (IntraDomain Routing) 1.4.4. nh tuyn lin min (InterDomain Routing) 1.4.5. Cc dng ca min nh tuyn RDS 1.4.6. Xy dng min nh tuyn 1.4.7. Cc giao thc nh tuyn 1.5 Phng php nh a ch mng v qun l a ch ATN 1.5.1. Cc tnh cht ca a ch mng ATN a ch mng ATN cn tha mn cc tnh cht sau: 1.5.1.1. V k thut 1.5.1.2. V qun l

1.5.2. Qun l a ch mng ATN a ch ATN NSAP bao gm cc trng thng tin khc nhau, mi trng thng tin trong a ch cha tp gii hn cc gi tr c php. Cc t chc phi c giao trch nhim qun l tp gii hn gi tr ny. Trch nhim qun l ny bao gm cc th tc cho vic qui nh gi tr cho cc trng thng tin, vic n nh gi tr cho cc vng c bit, ng thi pht hnh v cng b cch cp pht v n nh nu trn. Phng php nh a ch ATN cn nhm hp nht cc cch nh a ch ang tn ti trong ngnh hng khng. C php ca a ch ATN NSAP (phn chia trng thng tin, kch thc, nh dng) c ch nh v qun l bi ICAO. Ng ngha ca a ch ATN NSAP (tc ni dung v ngha ca trng thng tin) c ch nh v qun l bi ICAO. 1.5.3. Cc min v vic qun l a ch ATN NSAP Phng php nh a ch ISO NSAP da trn hai nguyn tc quan trng: - Cc nh qun l a ch ang cng tc v - Cc min theo a ch phn cp. 1.5.4. Biu din a ch ATN NSAP 1.5.4.1. C php ca a ch ATN NSAP Hnh 1.11 cho ta thy c php a ch mng NSAP :
Area Address System Identifer SEL

Hnh 1.11 C php a ch NSAP - Area addresses: L phn tin t ca a ch NSAP. - System identifier: Phn nhn dng cho h thng u cui hay h thng trung gian trong min nh tuyn. - Selector (SEL): Phn nhn dng ngi s dng dch v mng hay thc th mng trong h thng cui hoc h thng trung gian. 1.5.4.2 Khun dng a ch mng NSAP Hnh 1.12 minh ha khun dng a ch mng ATN NSAP c bt u bi hai trng AFI v IDI theo ISOIIEC 8348 v kt thc vi hai trng System ID (SYS) v SEL theo ISO/IEC 10589.

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Hnh 1.12 Khun dng a ch ATN NSAP - IDP (Initial Domain Part): IDP l phn u tin ca a ch min, do ISO v ITU qui nh phn bit cc mng con khc nhau, trong : - Trng AFI : Thng tin ch nh nh qun l v min cp hai, n c biu din bng s thp phn c hai ch s, do kch thc ch di 1 byte nn AFI c gi tr t 00 n 99. Theo ti liu ATN SARPS, AFI = 47 (dng BCD) hay AFI 0100 0 111 (Binary) . - Trng IDI: Ch nh min cp hai theo ISO/IEC 6523 ng vi min cp hai c ch nh trong AFI ch nh c quan ch qun ca mng), n c biu din bng s thp phn 4 ch s (di 2 byte). Theo ti liu ATN SARPS, c quan ch qun ATN l ICAO, nn IDI 0027 (BCD) hay IDI = 0000 0000 0010 0111 (Binary). - DSP (Domain Specific Part) : Phn a ch chi tit ca mng do c quan ch quan chu trch nhim phn nh ( y l ICAO). Kiu cu trc trong phn DSP nhm mc ch tm ng cho thng tin. Hnh 1.13 th hin cc thnh phn trong DSP. - Trng ADM: c dng phn chia chi tit hn min a ch mng do VER ch nh (mt quc gia hay mt t chc ca ICAO). ADM c chiu di 3 byte, c biu din ty theo gi tr ca VER. - Trng VER: nh ngha trong ICAO DOC 9705, thng dng phn min a ch mng thnh nhng min a ch cp thp hn. N c biu din bng s Hex c 2 ch s (di 1 byte) t 00 n FF. - Trng RDF: Ch nh dng nh tuyn ca min cp ba. Do yu t lch s khi xy dng NSAP, hin khng dng thng tin ny. RDF c kch thc 1 byte, nn RDF = 00 (HEX) hay RDF = 0000 0000 (Binary).

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- Trng ARS: Ch danh cho cc min nh tuyn nm bn trong quc gia hay t chc c ch nh bi ADM. Mi quc gia hay t chc c ch nh trong ADM c trch nhim xc nh gi tr ARS. - Trng SYS ID (6 bytes): Ch danh duy nht cho ES v IS. Vic cp pht SYS ID l trch nhim ca c quan qun l a ch ca khu vc nh tuyn m ES v IS t trong . - Trng SEL (1 byte): c dng ch danh mt thc th mng ES hay IS hoc qu trnh ngi dng dch v mng pht v nhn cc n v d liu dch v mng (NSDUS). 1.5.4.3. Khun dng a ch mng ATN NSAP ca Vit Nam Sau y l mt v d v a ch mng ATN NSAP ca Vit Nam theo theo khun dng ca ICAO.
AFI IDI 47 00 27 Type ofNetwork address NSAP. ICAO. Fixed ATSC. Asia, V, V. not used. xx xx xx xx xx Network ID, Network group ID, Domain ID.. Sub-domain Group ID, Sub-domain ID. Ch danh ES v IS.

VER 81 ADM 81 56 56 RDF 00 ARS LOC SYS SEL

xx xx xx xx xx xx xx 00: IS ti mt t.

01 : ES ti mt t v trn my bay s dng COTP. 02: ES ti mt t v trn my bay s dng CLTP. FE: IS A/G

1.6. Kt lun chng

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CHNG 2 H THNG GIM ST TRONG NGNH HNG KHNG


2.1. M u 2.2. Khi nim v thng tin dn ng gim st trong ngnh qun l bay Vit Nam 2.2.1. H thng dn ng Navigation H thng dn ng c thc hin bng nhiu phng php k thut, tng thch vi yu cu v iu kin ca hnh trnh bay. c trng c bn ca h thng dn ng c cc loi hnh sau: n ng xa, dn ng gn, dn ng tip cn v h cnh.

Hnh 2.1 H thng VOR/DME v NDB 2.2.2. H thng gim st - Surveilance H thng gim st hot ng bay c chc nng cung cp cho cc b phn trc tip iu hnh - thng bo bay hnh nh y ca mi hot ng bay trong khu vc trch nhim qun l mt cch khch quan. Gip cho ngi iu hnh bay bit chnh xc to , cao , tc , hng bay, nhin liu ca mi my bay ang hot ng k t lc ri sn thc hin chuyn bay n lc ri ng ln vo sn kt thc chuyn bay.

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Hin nay ngnh QLB phi hp h thng Radar s cp - th cp (PSR/SSR) gim st hot ng bay. Vi trang thit b ca h thng Radar hin nay ca QLB ph sng hon ton hai vng FIR HAN v FIR HCM. Cc tn hiu ny c a v hai trung tm x l s liu bay v x l tn hiu Radar HN v HCM. Hin Tng cty bo m hot ng bay Vit nam c 06 radar trn ton quc. Ba PSR / MSSRs c lp t ti Ni Bi, Nng v sn bay Tn Sn Nht, v ba MSSRs c lp t ti Vinh, Qui Nhn v C Mau. Bng 2.2 H thng Radar (PSR/SSR) ti Vit Nam
V tr Radar NI BI VINH NNG QUI NHN Loi PSR/MSSR MSSR PSR/MSSR MSSR Cng sut PSR: 19.2 kW, MSSR: 2.0 kW MSSR: 2.0 kW PSR: 8.8 kW, MSSR: 1.5 kW MSSR: 1.5 kW PSR: 8.8 kW, MSSR: 1.5 kW MSSR: 2.0 kW

TN SN NHT PSR/MSSR C MAU MSSR

2.3. Mng thng tin v tinh ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam Mng thng tin VSAT hin ti ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam thng qua v tinh THAICOM 1A theo m hnh mng lai ghp hn hp gia hnh sao v hn hp. Mng bao gm ba trm HUB v cc trm u cui cc sn bay a phng.

Tr m HUB
- Bao gm cc trm: NBA, DAN, TSN, vi cu hnh sau: - Anten ng knh 4.5 m, bng tn C, ca hng NEC. - 1+1 Khuch i cng sut (SSPA) 20W hoc 100W ca NEC v Hughes. - 1+1 LNA 550K, UP/DOWN converter, Combiner/divider ca hng NEC. - Modem: D1220A HUB ca NEC v UMOD 9100 dng phn mm Rel 3.14. ca Hughes - Thit b ghp knh: Fastlane F10 dng phn mm Scitec Flashpak S/W ver F3.02 ca hng Scitec Australia

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Tr m VSAT xa lo i 1.
Bao gm cc trm VINH, CAMAU vi cu hnh sau: - Anten ng knh 2.4 m, bng tn C ca hng Hughes . - 1+1 Out door unit (gm LNA 550K, khuch i cng sut 5W/10W km UP/DOWN converter) ca hng EF data - M. - Modem: UMOD 9100 dng phn mm Rel 3.14. ca Hughes. - Thit b ghp knh: Fastlane F5 dng phn mm Scitecs Flashpak S/W ver F3.02 ca hng Scitec Australia

Tr m VSAT lo i 2
Bao gm cc trm Ct bi, N Sn, in Bin, Lo, Phan Rang, Nha Trang, Lin Khng, Ban M Thut, Ph Quc, Cambobia vi cu hnh sau: - Anten ng knh 2.4 m, bng tn C ca hng Hughes. - Out door (gm LNA 550K , khuch i cng sut 5W km UP/DOWN converter) ca hng EF data - M. - Indoor: Thit b GEMINI (Modem: UMOD 9100 dng phn mm Rel 3.14. v RF M ca hng Hughes. - Thit b ghp knh: Fastlane F3 dng phn mm Scitecs Flashpak S/W ver F3.02 ca hng Scitec Australia 2.4. Quy hoch mng ATN ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam 2.4.1. Cc bc thc hin quy hoch mng ATN ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam Nghin cu quy hoch mng s gm cc bc sau - Tm hiu cu trc mng AFTN hin ti ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam . Cc ng dng cn c trn nn ATN trong tng lai. Vi c im ca h thng AFTN hin ti, vi quy m ca Tng cng ty, phm vy ti s xy dng quy hoch da trn cc ng dng G/G, c bit l ng dng AMHS. Trn c s s tnh ton bng thng cn thit ca mng ATN mi da vo mc tng trng, tc hin ti ca mng AFTN.

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- Xy dng m hnh chuyn i t mng AFTN sang AMHS. 2.4.2. Cu trc mng AFTN hin ti ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam

Theo s trn, ta nhn thy mch AFTN hin ti ch yu l tc thp s dng giao thc khng ng b, a s u c tc 2400b/s. Khi xem xt cu hnh mch AFTN hin ti, ta nhn thy phn ln cc mch AFTN s khng ph hp vi mng ATN v chng vn cn phi c nng cp di hnh thc kt ni tc cao (dung lng bng thng) nn s dng giao thc nh X.25 tng thch vi cc lp thp hn ATN. hnh thnh mng ATN trc tin nng cp thng tin d liu G/G trn c s s dng phng thc X25 v cc b cng, b phn ng (gateway/router) chuyn t AFTN sang ATN v sau p dng cho A/G. Trong bc ny, ta s tin hnh tnh ton li dung lng bng thng cn thit cho cu hnh mng ATN trong tng lai. 2.4.3. S mng ATN ca Tng cng ty BHB Vit Nam V c bn, mng ATN c pht trin t mng AFTN sn c nn s ca mng ATN v c bn cng ging nh s ca mng AFTN, ch thay i v dung lng bng thng cn

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thit. S ny cc ng trc t cc sn bay ln : Tn Sn Nht, Ni Bi, Gia Lm, Nng n cc sn bay a phng v cc nc trong khu vc

Hnh 2.8 S mng AFTN ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam 2.5. Tnh ton bng thng mng ATN ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam 2.5.1. Thi gian truyn Khi tnh ton bng thng cn thit, ta cn quan tm n cc yu t - Lu lng m mng c th iu khin c. - Chi ph hot ng tng ng vi lu lng. - Tc mng truyn in vn. 2.5.2. Thi gian tr tc nghn Tr tc nghn ch xy ra khi cc in vn n knh truyn vo nhng thi im ngu nhin. Nu cc in vn n theo mt lch trnh nh trc th s khng c tr tc nghn. n gin ta gi s rng cc in vn n knh truyn hon ton ngu nhin. Thc ra c mt s gii hn cc u vo nn khng th hon ton ngu nhin, nhng vic n gin ha khng gy ra nhiu sai s. Cc in vn c gi s n knh truyn ngu nhin theo phn b Poisson. Qui lut ny ni rng nu cc in vn n vi mt tc trung bnh n in vn trn mt n v thi gian v c th n mt lc mt hay nhiu vo cc thi im ngu nhin, khi xc xut q in vn n trong mt n v thi gian l:

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p(q,n) =

n q e-n q!

(2.1)

Thi gian tr tc nghn trung bnh c tnh l:

P 1 t = D T l 1- w
Trong : - t : L thi gian tr trung bnh ca in vn theo gi.

(2.2)

- D: L tham s thi gian m knh truyn x l in vn khng i hay bin i, n ph thuc vo cch bin i. - P: L t l in vn m khi n th tt c knh u bn nn chng b tr. - l: L s knh truyn. - w: L t l thi gian chim gi ca cc knh, t 0 n 1 . Trong trng hp c mt knh truyn, cng thc trn tr thnh:

t = D

w T 1- w

(2.3)

Nu thi gian x l mt in vn khng i i vi cc in vn, khng ph thuc chiu di in vn th:

1 w t= T 2 1- w
1, n gin ta xem l 1 :

(2.4)

Nu thi gian x l mt in vn t l chiu di in vn th D trong khong t 0,75 n

t=

w T 1- w

(2.5)

2.5.3. Tnh ton bng thng cn thit ca cc mch lin kt Thi gian truyn in vn trung bnh t cc trm l (sn bay a phng) X n trung tm chuyn tip in vn A hoc ngc li nh hnh 2.11 c tnh theo cng thc sau :

t = Tx + TT + Ta
Station X (Tx) Center A (Ta)

(2.6)

TT

: Hnh 2.11 M hnh kt ni t trm l n trm trung tm.

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- Tx: Thi gian ch trung bnh ca in vn ti trm X c tnh theo cng thc:

Tx =

w TT 1- w

(2.7)

- w: T l thi gian chim gi ng truyn, l tng s bit truyn trn - lu lng ng truyn. - TT:. Thi gian chuyn tip in vn t trm X n trung tm A, ph thuc vo tc ng truyn. - Ta: L thi gian x l ti trm nhn, trung bnh 50ms. - Theo nh ngha, T l chim gi ng truyn W l tng s bit truyn trn - Lu lng ng truyn c tnh theo cng thc:

w=

Tng s bit truyn Tng s bit c kh nng truyn

(2.8)

` Vi in vn bnh thng, nh dng 8N1 (l bit start, 1 bit stop, tng cng 10 bits), theo thng k kch thc trung bnh mi in vn l 500 k t . Gi s in vn pht l N, tc ng truyn l B, nu thi gian c tnh theo gi th :

(S in vn pht / gi) 500 10 B 60 60

(2.9)
(2.10) (2.11) (2.12)

w=

N 5000 3600B 3600B w 5000

N=

N = 0.72 B w

Nu s in vn c tnh theo nm th :

(S in vn pht / nm) 500 10 B 60 60 24 365

(2.13) (2.14)

5N 3165 B

Thi gian truyn in vn TT tng ng vi tc B (bit/s) l

TT =

50010 5000 = B B

(2.15)

Khi chuyn t in vn dng AFTN sang AMHS th kch c in vn tng thm khong gn gp i (93%), t thi gian truyn in vn trung b nh t trm X n trung tm A c tnh li

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TT =

50001.93 9650 = B B

(2.16)

Lc , t l chim gi ng truyn c tnh

w
S in vn theo gi c tnh :

5 N 1.93 9.65 N 3165 B 3165 B

(2.17)

0.72B w (2.18) 1.93 (2.19) N = 0.372 B w T ta tnh c thi gian truyn in vn TT ng vi cc tc truyn 1200b/s, 2400b/s, 4800b/s, 9600b/s N=
Bng 2.3 Thi gian chuyn tip in vn tng ng vi tc truyn
Tc (b/s) 1200 2400 4800 9600 TT (s) 8.041667 4.020833 2.010417 1.005208

2.5. Kt Lun

CHNG 3 PHNG N TRIN KHAI H THNG AMHS


3.1. M u 3.2. Gii thiu v h thng ATN/AMHS 3.2.1. H thng ATN/AMHS H thng x l in vn trong ATN c gi l AMHS. AMHS c nh r qua vic s dng theo tiu chun X.400 vi cu trc nh c m t trn. C hai mc dch v ca AMHS: dch v in vn ATS c bn, dch v in vn ATS m rng. 3.2.2. Cc giai on trin khai mt h thng AMHS Cn c theo ti liu m t v h thng AMHS ca khu vc chu -Thi Bnh Dng, mt h thng AMHS c th c xy dng v pht trin theo ba bc sau:

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Bc 1: Cu hnh ban u ca h thng AMHS. Hnh di y m t cu hnh ban u ca h thng AMHS. Trong cu hnh ny, h thng AFTN vn c s dng. Bt u trin khai mng cc b nh tuyn ATN G/G v cc cng ni AFTN/AMHS c a vo s dng.
AFTN Terminals

AFTN Terminals AFTN Switch AFTN Switch Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network (AFTN) MTCU AFTN AMHS GW MTA Aeronautical Fixed Telecommunication Network (AFTN) MTCU AFTN AMHS OW MTA AFTN Switch

AFTN Terminals

ATN G/G RTR

ATN G/G RTR

ATN G/G RTR

Hnh 3.1 cu hnh ban u ca h thng AMHS Bc 2: Cu hnh h thng AMHS ang c pht trin. Hnh di y m t cu hnh h thng AMHS ang c pht trin. Trong cu hnh ny, cc u cui AFTN v cc chuyn mch AFTN vn c s dng ch cha hon ton chuyn hn sang h thng AMHS.

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AFTN Terminals AFTN Terminals

AFTN Switch AFTN/AMHS Gateway MTCU AMHS Terminals ATS Message Server MS UA MTA UA MTA

Combination AFTN/AMHS Gateway ATS

AFTN Switch

AMHS Terminals UA

MTCU MTA

MS

UA UA

UA

ATN G/G RTR

Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN)

ATN G/G RTR

ATN G/G RTR

MTA MS

ATS Message Server

UA

UA

UA

AMHS Terminals

Hnh 3.2 Cu hnh h thng AMHS ang c pht trin Bc 3: Cu hnh h thng AMHS vi tnh nng m rng. Hnh sau mt t cu hnh h thng AMHS vi tnh nng m rng. Cc dch v m rng s bao gm vic tr gip dch v th mc X400 (Directory service). Th mc s c s dng nng cao tnh nng ca h thng AMHS.
AMHS Terminals AMHS Terminals

UAw DUA

ATS Message Server

MS UAw DUA MTA w DUA

ATN G/G RTR

Aeronautical Telecommunication Network (ATN)

ATS Message Server

UAw DUA

ATN G/G RTR

MS MTA w DUA UAw DUA

ATN G/G RTR UAw DUA DSA X.500 Directory

UAw DUA

DSA

DSA

Hnh 3.3 Cu hnh h thng AMHS vi tnh nng m rng

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3.3. nh gi tnh hnh pht trin ATN/AMHS trn th gii 3.3.1. Tnh hnh trin khai trong khu vc 3.3.2. Cc xu hng pht trin 3.3.3. Mt s vn c th xy ra trong qu trnh trin khai ATN/AMHS - H thng AMHS c kh nng kim tra li in vn cht ch hn h thng AFTN. Do vy, trong qu trnh chuyn i, mt s in vn AFTN c kh nng s b t chi. - Ti cc u cui ( ES ), kh c th kim c cc phn mm X400 API thch hp nng cp cc h thng ang s dng nh AIS, RDP - Trong qa trnh trin khai, kh nng hot ng tng thch vi cc h thng AMHS khc phi c kim tra, nh gi. iu ny ch c th thc hin c vi mt bn th ba c lp, c tnh chuyn nghip. - Kh khn trong vic hun luyn o to chuyn i nhn lc ang khai thc h thng AFTN sang khai thc AMHS. H thng AMHS vi cc dch v, khi nim, cu trc phc tp hn so vi AFTN. 3.4. nh gi trnh hnh trin khai Vit Nam 3.5. xut trin khai cho qun l bay Vit Nam 3.5.1. Cc tiu ch thc hin 3.5.2. K hoch trin khai c th ti Vit Nam 3.5.2.1 Phng thc t chc mng Vic t chc mng AMHS s da trn vic phn b cc domain. C cc phng n sau: - Phng n tp trung: Ton b h thng s tp trung di mt domain duy nht v phn cp xung subdomain tng vng min. - Phng n phn tn : Mi khu vc s hnh thnh ring 1 domain khu vc. Vi phng n ny, vic chuyn i t AFTN s c thc hin mt cch c lp, t nh hng n tan b h thng.

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3.5.2.2. Phng n t chc mng ATN G/G C 3 phng n t chc mng ATN G/G: - Phng n 1: Vit nam ch c mt BIS router ti H Ch Minh theo nh cng b trong k hoch ca ICAO khu vc. Trong BIS router Vit Nam kt ni vi BIS router ca Thi Lan, Singapore, Hng Kng. - Phng n 2: Vit Nam c hai BIS router t ti H Ni v H Ch Minh. Phng n ny khc phc c nhc im ca phng n 1 v vn d phng, tc l nu AACC/HCM c s c th ATCC/HAN vn c ng ni quc t. - Phng n 3: Vit Nam c hai BIS router, t ti H Ni v H Ch Minh. Router H Ni kt ni vi BIS router ca Lo v BIS router ca Trung Quc (ti Bc Kinh hoc Qung Chu). BIS router ti H Ch Minh kt ni vi BIS router ca Thi Lan, Singapore, Hng Kng. 3.5.2.3. Phng n t chc mng AMHS Theo chnh sch AMHS routing ca khu vc, bt c mt AMHS mi trin khai no s thit lp cc ng kt ni trc tip vi cc AMHS khc trong khu vc. Cn c vo chnh sch routing ny, c mt s phng n sau: - Phng n 1: Gm 03 h thng AMHS ti H Ni, H Ch Minh, Nng. Trong , AMHS H Ch Minh kt ni vi AMHS ca Thi Lan, Singapore, Hng Kng cn AMHS ca H Ni kt ni vi AMHS ca Trung Quc (Ti Qung Chu hoc Bc Kinh). - Phng n 2: Phng n tun theo chnh sch routing ca khu vc, trong hai h thng AMHS ca H Ni v H Ch Minh s kt ni trc tip vi AMHS ca Thi Lan, Singapore, Hng Kng. 3.6. Xc nh a ch cho mng AMHS a ch AMHS l mt b cc thuc tnh xc nh ca AMHS MD (Domain) v mt b cc thuc tnh xc nh duy nht 1 ngi dng ca MD . Hin nay , trn th gii ang tn ti 2 nh dng a ch AMHS l XF (Translated form) v CAAS (Common AMHS Addressing Scheme ). Vit Nam, do cha ng k trc thi im 15/9/2003 nh theo yu cu ca t chc ICAO khu vc chu - Thi Bnh Dng nn vic xy dng a ch phi theo nh dng XF nh sau :

24 State State Name Viet Nam Nationality Letters VV Countryname (C) ADMDname (A) ICAO AMHS Address Specification PRMDname (P) Addressing Scheme Additional Information Last Update 1-Dec06

ATN Organization- Regional Dir name (O) Office

Remarks

XX

VV

XF

AFTN

APAC

Viet Nam

Tuy nhin, so vi nh dng CAAS, XF c mt s nhc im nh sau : + Vic nh tuyn ca in vn AFTN da trn h thng AFTN trong khi cc in vn ATN c nh tuyn thng qua Gateway AFTN/AMHS chuyn i nh dng. + Khng h tr nhiu MTA trong cng mt Domain, cng nh ch c duy nht mt gi tr tn t chc (organization-name) + Khng c tnh linh hot trong vic t tn nh CAAS + Khng cn gi tr s dng khi h thng AFTN c chuyn i hon ton. Do , ngh thng nht li vi t chc ICAO khu vc chu -Thi Bnh Dng cho vic ng k chuyn i sang a ch CAAS vi cc thuc tnh nh sau : State AMHS Address Specification Additional Information

ADMD Addressi Region Last State Nationality CountryPRMDATN OrganizationRemark -name ng al Updat Name Letters name (C) name (P) Directory name (O) s (A) Scheme Office e Viet VV Nam XX ICAO VIETNA M CAAS See CAAS APAC Table Viet Nam

CAAS table : AMHS address: /C=XX/A=ICAO/P=VIETNAM/O=xxxx/OU1=xxxx Organization-name (O) VVVV Organizational-unit-name (OU1) VV*

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KT LUN V HNG NGHIN CU TIP THEO


KT LUN Trong ba chng ca lun vn trnh by kh chi tit v mng vin thng hng khng ATN t cc ng dng trn mng n cu trc mng, cc phng php nh truyn, cc nh a ch v qun l mng ATN. Chng hai ca lun vn a ra mt cc khi qut v h thng gim st trong ngnh hng khng, cch tnh bng thng mng ATN ca Tng Cng ty Qun l bay Vit Nam . Chng 3 trnh by tnh hnh trin khai AMHS ti Vit Nam cng nh trn th gii, t a ra phng n xut trin khai cho qun l bay Vit Nam. NHNG NG GP a ra cc phng n v m hnh trin khai mng AMHS ti Vit Nam. HNG NGHIN CU TIP THEO Hng pht trin ca tip theo ca ti s xy dng chng trnh quy hoch mng da trn nhu cu thc t v xem xt n kh nng tt c cc ng dng khc ca mng ATN (CPDLC, ADS, FIS) u c trin khai da trn cc yu cu c th v kch c in vn, yu cu p ng hay thi gian tr, bng thng c lng ...

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