UMTS Optimization

UMTSOptimization
PreparedByLegendTechnologies
Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010
CourseContent
WCDMAFeatures
IdleModeBehavior RadioLinkSupervision Powercontrol Loadsharing Handover Capacitymanagement Channelswitching
3GKPIsMonitoringandanalysis
WCDMAFeatures
CourseObjective j Uponcompletionofthispartyoubeableto
Explainthemainpartsofidlemodebehavior Explain E l i what h ti isth theradio di li link ksupervision i i and dwhat h tareits it benefits Explainthedifferenttypesofpowercontrol Explainhowcanwecontrolthecapacitytomaximizeit underminimuminterference ExplainDifferentHandovertypesandscenarios ExplainhowandwhydoweneedforLoadsharingand Explainthemaintypesofchannelswitchingwehave ExplaintheMain3GKPIsandhowtoanalyzethem
WCDMARadioNetworkFeatures
IdleModeBehavior
PLMNselection CellSelection/Reselection Paging i LocationUpdateandRoutingareaupdate SystemInformation
WhatisIdleMode?
1. OFFMode 2. IDLEMODE 3. CONNECTEDMODE
UEinIDLEMODE hasthefollowingproperties: UEisPoweredON,whileitdoesn'thaveconnectiontotheRadioNetwork UEissynchronizedwithRadioNetworkandcanreadbroadcast information,Accordingly g yUEcanaccesstheNetworkrequest q services. UEisregisteredonthenetwork,updatingNetworkwithitsLAC, AccordinglyUEbecomesreachablebythenetwork
ServicesTypesinIdleMode
NormalService
WhentheUEselectacceptedlevelcellinitsHPLMN
LimitedService
WhentheUEdidntfindanyacceptedlevelcellsatits homePLMNitselectsanyacceptedlevelcellatany other h PLMN
Operatorreservedservices
Theoperatorcanreserveanycellfortestingonlyand thisthroughtwoparameterscellreservedandAccess classNbarred
PLMNSelection
PLMNSelection
Whatisit?AndWhenithappens?Whatarethe typesofPLMNselection
PLMNSelectionistheprocessinwhichtheUEdecide whichPLMNitshouldregisterinandthisprocess happenswhentheMobileturnedonorwhenthe mobilereturnedbackfromlimitingservice
AutomaticPLMNselection ManualPLMNselection
AutomaticPLMNselection
Whenthemobilepoweredon
Themobileusesinformationaboutthelastregistered PLMN(Freq,thestoredneighborsbeforeoff) Mobilesearchthestrongestsignalcellsandreadits systeminformationtoget(MCCandMNC) Ifthe h chosen h cell llis i accepted dthe h mobile bil trytod dothe h registration Ifthelastchosencellnotavailableorthereisnostored infointhemobileUSIMthenthemobilemightselect anyacceptedPLMNautomaticallyormanually
Intheautomaticselectionifnolastregister g PLMN existsoravailabletheMobilewillselectthePLMNthat isavailableandallowedasfollow

HPLMNifnotpreviouslyselectedduetoRAT EachPLMNinUsercontrolledPLMNslistintheUSIM,inorder ofpriority Each hPLMNi inoperatorcontrolled ll dPLMNli listi inthe h USIM, S i in orderofpriority OtherPLMNsaccordingtothehighqualitycriteriarandomly the h minimum i i CPICHRSCPpoweri is95dBm 95dB OtherPLMNsthatdontfulfillhighqualitycriteria
InitialCellSelection AutomaticMode
I
PowerSpectrumMag gnitude (dB)
USIM HPLMN USIM
Strongestcell
80 60 40 20 0 20 40 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Frequency 1.4 1.6 1.8 x107
f1
II
PLMN
PLMN PLMN
I II III I II III
PLMN A B C
D E F III
PLMN
USIM
PLMN
PowerSpectrumMagnitude (dB B) PowerSpectrumMag gnitude (dB)
PLMN
2110
2170MHz IV
PLMN PLMN PLMN PLMN PLMN PLMN
80 60 40 20 0
20 40 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 Frequency 7 x10
PLMNA PLMNB PLMND PLMNE
PLMNB PLMNE PLMND PLMNA
80 60 40 20 0
20 40 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 1.4 1.6 1.8 Frequency 7 x10
ManualPLMNSelection
UEdisplaysalltheavailablePLMNSafter carriersscanning AlltheavailablePLMNswillappearregardless itisallowedornotandignoringtheforbidden LACs
f1 Strongestcell
PowerSpectrumMagnitude (dB) 80 60 40 20 0 20 40 0.2 0.4 0.6 0.8 1 1.2 Frequency 1.4 1.6 1.8 x10 7
f2 fn
PLMNA PLMNB
HPLMN
PLMNE
Roaming
Itistheservicesinwhichtheuserwillbeable toobtainservicesfromanotherPLMN
Samecountry(nationalroaming) Anothercountry(internationalroaming)
E Every30minutes i t the th UEtry t to t reselect l tits it homePLMN
CellSearch
Start
Detectingslotsynchronization
Detectingframesynchronizationandprimaryscramblingcodegroup
Detecting gprimary p yscrambling gandreadsystem y information
End
Broadcast Channels
SCH P-CCPCH PICH
Pilot Channel
1 timeslot = 2560 Chips = 10 symbols = 20 bits = 666.667 uSec
Pilot Symbol Data (10 symbols per slot)
P-CCPCH P CCPCH
0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 1 Frame = 15 slots = 10 mSec
CPICH always take code 0 from SF 256 tree
Cellselectionprocedure
Squal=Qqualmeas qQualMin(ForWCDMA)
QqualmeasisCPICHEc/No qQualMinisminimumrequiredEc/No
Srxlev=Qrxlevmeas qRxlevMin Pcompensation (F all (For llcells) ll )

QrxlevmeasisCPICHRSCP qRxlevMinisminimumrequiredRSCP
Pcompensation Pcompensation=Max(maxTXpowerUL Max(maxTXpowerULP,0)

PismaximumO/PpoweroftheUEaccoringtoitsclass maxTXpowerULismaximumpowerusedinaccessing
Thecellconsiderasaccepted p if
Squal>0and Srxlev>0
Cellselectionoccurswhen
WhenUEisswitchedon WhenUEinidlemodehashadanumberoffailedRRC connectionrequest WhenaUEreturnstoidlemodefromtheconnection modeoncommonchannel(cellFACH)afteranumber offailedcellupdate UEreturnstoidlemodefromconnectedmode(cell DCH) WhenaUEreturnstoidlemodeafteranemergency callonanyPLMN
Cellreselectionprocedure
Whenitoccurs
Whencellonwhichitiscampingisnolonger suitable Whenthereisanyneighborwithbetterquality thantheselectedone WhentheUEinthelimitedservicestateonan acceptable p cell WhentheUEisincell_FACHstate
Accordingtothecellreselectioncriteria.Inordertoperformcellranking, theUEmeasurestheservingcellandneighborcellslistedinSIB11 accordingtothemeasurementrules . Measurementrulesforcellreselection

1.Intrafrequency f measurementsstartswhen h Squal <=Sintrasearch
i.
Si SintraSearch S h :Controls C l when h i intrafrequency f measurementsareperformed f d (0dBm)
2.Interfrequencymeasurementsstartswhen Squal <=SinterSearch Sintersearch :Controlswhenintrafrequencymeasurementsareperformed(0dBm) 3.GSMmeasurementsstartswhen Squal < <=sRatSearch ORSrxlev <=SHcsRat sRatSearch : ControlsqualityThresholdatwhichGSMmeasurementsare performed(4dBm) SHcsRat : ControlsSignalStrengthThresholdatwhichGSMmeasurements areperformed(3dBm)
Qqualmeas (EcN0, dB) Qrxlevmeas (RSCP, dBm)
GSM measurements can also be triggered by low RSCP
-14
sRatSearch = 4dB -112
qQualMin = -18 qRxLevMin+P = -115
sHcsRat = 3dB (negative values are interpreted as 0)
WCDMA measurements
WCDMA & GSM measurements
WCDMA & GSM WCDMA measurements measurements
Time (s)
WhentheUEtriggersacellreselections procedureitstartsrankingforthecellsatisfy Scriteria(Squal>0andSrxlev>0)andthe rankingwillbeaccordingRcriteria

R(serving)=Qmeas(s)+qHyst(s) R(neighbor)=Qmeas(n)qOffset(s,n)
Qmeas:isthequalityvalueofthereceived signalwhichisderivedfrom
CPICHEc/Noor CPICHRSCP
qHyst(s):hystersisvaluesenttomobilein systeminformationusedtodelaythe reselectionaspossibleontheLAboarders

qHyst1iftherankingbasedonCPICHRSCP qHyst2iftherankingbasedonCPICHEc/No
qOffset(s,n):istheoffsetbetweentheservingand theneighbor g cellalsousedtoshiftthecellboarder qOffset1sn:iftherankingbasedonRSCP,there are2q qOffset1snoneforWCDMAneighbor g and theotheroneforGSMneighbor. qOffset2sn:iftherankingbasedonEc/No qualMeasQuantity istheparameterthatdetermine ifwewilldotherankingbasedonRSCPorEc/No TheUEreslect thebettercellifitstaybetterfortime intervalmorethanTreselection
UMTStoUMTScell Reselection
Qmeas(dBm) Qmeas(n) R(n) qOffset2sn=0 qHyst2=4
R(s) Qmeas(s) Cellreselection R(n)>R(s) treSelection time
UMTStoGSMcellReselection
Qmeas (dBm) Qmeas(n) R L Mi * qRxLevMin* qOffset1sn qHyst1 R(n) qRxLevMin*+ sHcsRat R(s) ( ) Qmeas(s)
WCDMA&GSM measurements t Ranking
time Cell reselection
treSelection R(n)>R(s)
* Pcompensation is assumed to be 0
FACHconnectedcellreselection
DuringtheFACHconnectedmodetheUEusesecondary commoncontrolphysicalchannel(SCCPCH) Theparametersusedtocontrolthemeasurement f hM O C L C ff and fachMeasOccaCycLenCoeff dinterFreqFddMeasIndicator i t F FddM I di t fachMeasOccaCycLenCoeff (K)usedtoshowwhentheUEhas todothismeasurment thisvalueshouldbegreaterthan0and thisvaluesendtomobileviasysteminformation FACHmeasurment occasionsaredefinedasbeingtheframe wherethefollowing gequation q isfulfilled SFN=CRNTImodn*2^K
C-RNTI is the cell UE identity y (16 ( bits) ) & n is the frame number 0,1,2,.
InterFreqFddMeasIndicator isavaluesettoTrue orFalse ifitsettoTruetheUEwillperformthe reselectioncriteriaoninterfrequencyorinterRAT andifitissetfalseitwillnotdo
AfteraUEhasfoundasuitablecellittriesto makePLMNregistration. IftheLAIorRAIreadonsysteminformation hasbeenchangedthentheUEtriestodoRA orLAregistrationUpdate During D i th theidl idlemode d when h th theUEchanges h it its locationorroutingareaitshoulddoLAUor RAU LAUandRAUmanagedbyCN
LocationareaUpdateand RoutingareaUpdate
TypesofUpdates
Periodic
OccursperiodicallyaftertimerT3212 forLAUorT3312 forRAU,thevalueofthetimersenttotheUEover BCCHintheIMSIattachorinRAU,itisCNparameter, parameter whentheUEisinconnectedmodeandthetimer expiredthentheUEwaituntilenteridlemodeagainto performtheperiodicLA
Normal
Occurswhen h the h UEchange h itsLAorRA,the h UE discoverthechangesaftercomparingthenewCellRAC orLACwiththestoredvaluesintheUSIM
IMSIattachanddetach
IMSIattachoccurswhentheUEactivatedinthesame LAin i which hi hitwasbefore b f deactivation d ti ti and dthe th d detach t h occurswhenUEdeactiated Thisfunctionusedtop preventunnecessary yp paging g gfor theoffUEs IMSIattachisanoptionalfunctionanditismanagedby cell llparameter t called ll dATTsent tt toUEoverBCCH
IfATTsetto1itmeanstheUEshoulddoIMSIattachand detach WhentheUEisturnedonitsentregistrationrequestindicate IMSIattachtofindoutiftheLAchangedornotifchangedit sendnormalLAupdate
Paging
IstheprocessthroughittheCNinformtheUE thereisaservicerequestorRANinformallthe UEsthattheSysteminformationhasbeen updatedalsotoinitiatethechannelswitch fromURAPCHtoCellFACHstate Pagingoccursinthefollowingstates
Idle URAPCH CellFACH CellDCH
PaginginIdlemodeandURAPCH
PICHandSCCPCHareusedtopagetheUE
PICHusedtotelltheUEwhentoreadSCCPCH SCCPCHusedtocarryRRCmessagetype1which i l d actual includes lpaging i i info f and dthe h number b of ftimes i theWCDMARANwillretransmitthepaging (noOfPagingRecordTransm)
DRX
IntheIdlemodetheUEshouldinordertosaveits powerconsumptiontolistentothePICHincertain predefinedtimes
288 bits for paging indication b0 b1 12 bits (undefined) b287 b288 b299
One radio frame (10 ms)
288bitsaredividedtonumberofPIseachPI relatedtoonep paging g gg group pandeachp paging g g grouprelatedtooneuser ThenumberofPIsinaPICHframeisg givenby y parameternamedPichMode
IfPichMode is72thatmeanwehave72PIsandeach one4bits
TheUEmonitorsonePIinonepagingoccasion perDRXcycle
ThelengthofDRXcycleisgivenby2^k*10(ms)
WherekistheDRXcycleLengthcoefficientdefinedby cnDRXcycleLengthCS (PS) DifferentDRXcycleforCS,PSandURAPCH
PagingincellFACHandcellDCH
WhentheestablishconnectionbetweenUEand RANisexistingPagingtype2messagearesentto theuseritiscarriedonDCCHsoitisonlyforone user.
UpdatedSysteminformation
RRCmessagepaging pagingtype1 type1 senttotheUEinthe idlemodetoinformitabouttheupdatedSI
SystemInformation
TheUEreadSysteminformationwhen
Poweredon CellchangeinidlemodeorCellFACH UEi informed f dth that tchange h occurred di insystem t informationwhileitisinidlemodeorCellFACH UEswitchesfromDedicatedmodetoCommon Mode. TimerexpiresforSIBswithexpirationtime. time
RadioConnectionSupervision
RadioConnectionSupervision
SupervisionoftheUEinStateCellFACHand URAPCH SupervisionoftheUEinCellDCH
Whatistheradiolinksupervision
Isthealgorithmsupervisestheradioconnection betweentheUEandtheUTRANduringallthe connected t dstates, t t the th reasonof fthis thi is i to t check h kifthe th UTRANstillcontroltheUEornotandtoprevent undue d charging h i and di increasethe h efficiency ffi i of f resourcesusage. OccursinbothofUplinkandDownlink
SupervisioninCellFACHand URAPCH
InCELL_FACHstate,supervisionisprovidedbymonitoring periodicCellUpdatemessagessentbytheUE.Thetimer cchWaitCuTisstartedwhenevertheUEentersthe CELL_FACHstate,orupontransmissionofaCellUpdate CONFIRMmessagetotheU UE. .ThetimerisstoppediftheUE U entersCELL_DCHstateandisresettozero(butnotstopped) uponreceiptofaCellUpdatefromtheUE.Uponexpiryofthe timer theoverallreleaseoftheconnectionshallbetriggered. timer, triggered ThetimesetoncchWaitCuTislongerthan theonesetontimert305.Thetimert305indicateshow oftentheUEhastosendaCellUpdatemessage.
Cell Update Message will be sent either when t305 expires or when the UE change its serving cell In URA PCH state the UE sent URA_Update Message instead of Cell_ Update as in Cell FACH case T305 expires CCHWAITCUT starts
Cell Update Confirmation
Overall Connection Release
Cell Update p Message
CCHWAITCUT Expire p
CCHWAITCUT Reset UE Enters Cell FACH

Timer Should stopped if UE Enters CELL-DCH
SupervisioninCellDCH
InCELL CELL_DCH DCHstate, state theRadioConnection Supervisionfunctionalityisprovidedbymeans oftwodifferentalgorithms:theRadioLinkSet Supervisionalgorithm,locatedintheRBS, supportstheRadioConnectionSupervision Evaluationalgorithms,locatedintheSRNC
The Radio Link consider failed if and only if radio link failure indication send from the 2 RBSs
RadioConnectionSupervision(RCS) EvaluationTheRadioConnectionSupervision Evaluationalgorithmkeepstrackofthe synchronizationstatusofthewholeradio connectionbyassigningatagtoeveryRLS RLS.
RadioLinkSet( (RLS) )Supervision p TheRLSSupervisionfunctionsupervisesthesynchronization statusoftheRLSprovidedbytheRBStotheradioconnection, and dreports t anychanges h to t the th SRNC. SRNC When Wh nOutSyncInd O tS I d numberofconsecutiveframesareoutofsyncatimer rlFailureTisstartedandatexpirytheRLSisconsideredout ofsyncandRadioLinkFailureisreportedtotheSRNC.When theRLSisoutofsyncandnInSyncIndnumberofframesare insync,theRLSisconsideredinsyncandRadioLinkRestore isreportedtotheSRNC.
UplinkDPDCH/DPCCH
Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH) Slot (0.666 mSec) Coded Data, 10 x 2^k bits, k=06 (10 to 640 bits)
I
FBI TPC
Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH) Slot (0.666 mSec) Pilot (FSW: is some of Pilot Bits) TFCI
10
11
12
13
14
15
1 Frame = 15 slots = 10 mSec
TheconnectionisconsideredlostbytheRCSwhen thelastRLS, ,fortheconnection, ,hasbeenoutofsync y foratimegivenbytheparameterdchRcLostT.Fora connectionthatincludesHSDPA,thePSpartofthe connectionisconsideredlostbytheRCSwhenthe RLSthatcontainstheServingHSDSCHcell,hasbeen outofsyncforatimegivenbytheparameter hsDschRcLostT.Thismeansthatwhenthe hsDschRcLostTtimerexpires,anIuReleasewillbe requestedtothePSCNandwhenthedchRcLostT timerexpires,anIuReleasewillberequestedtoall involvedCNs.
SRNC dchRcLost T Starts Radio Link out of sync sent to SRNC
Radio Link Restore
T.S 1
Number N b of fB Bad d T.S 15 frames = nOutSyncInd .
Number u be o of good frames = nInSyncInd Good Frame
B dF Bad Frame #1 rlFailure T starts rlFailure T Expires
What Wh t is i the th BER of f this thi frame (CRC decoding) UE sends FSW in each Time Slot in DPCCH
N.B if number of good frame that decoded by NB before rlFailureT timer expiration equal to nInSyncInd then the RL consider ok and the timer should stopped
PowerControl
PowerControltypes
Powercontrol
Uplink
Downlink
OpenLoop PowerControl
ClosedLoop PowerControl
InitialPower settingsfor Power
Closedloop Powercontrol
SettingOfcommonChannel Power
ChannelName CPICH BCH AICH FACH(control) FACH(Traffic) PCH PICH PSCH SSCH ParameterName PrimaryCpichPower bchPower aichPower maxFach1Power maxFach2Power pchPower pichPower schPower1 schPower2 DefaultPower Setting 300 31 6 18 15 4 7 18 35 Meaning 30dBm 3.1dB 6dB 1.8dB 1.5dB 0.4dB 0.7dB 1.8dB =3.5dB
OpenLoopPowerControl
ULSIR
SIR=Ec/No SIR E /N XSF =RSCP/RTWPXSF =RSCPRTWP+10logSF RSCP=SIR+RTWP 10logSF
SIRhastargetvaluedependonserviceandChannel SFhasvaluerelatedtotheusedservice
RACHpreamblePowersetting
PPRACH=RSCP+Losses.
RSCP=SIR+RTWP 10logSF SF. Losses=CPICH_Power CPICH_RSCP. P_PRACH P PRACH=SIR_TARGET_RACH SIR TARGET RACH+RTWP 10log l SF +CPICH_Power(pimaryCpichPower) CPICH RSCP CPICH_RSCP. SIR_TARRGET_RACH 10logSF+Cisconstant parametercalled(constantValueCprach)
ConstantValueCprach,PrimaryCPICHPowerand RTWParesenttotheUEthroughBCCH NowtheUEcantransmitthePreambleusing P PRACHcalculated P_PRACH l l dValue V l
PowerRamping
Parameter PowerOffsetPO PowerOffsetPpM PreambleRetansMax
Range 1to 8 5to10 1to 64
Default 3 4 8
Description 3dB 4dB 8stepofincrease beforethe recalculationof P PRACH P_PRACH 4trials forP_PRACH calculationbefore giving g gaccessfailure
MaxPreambleCycle
1to32
RACHMessagePower
RACH Data Slot (0.666 mSec) Random Access Message (10, 20, 40, or 80 bits per slot) RACH Message Slot (0.666 mSec) Pilot (8 bits) TFCI (2 bits)
Control Part Power = P_PRACH+ PowerOffsetPpm
10
11
12
13
14
15
ControlPower/DataPower=20log(GFc/GFd) G i GFc: isstandard d dgain i f factorrelated l dtocontrol l part GFd:isstandardgainfactorrelatedtodatapart This2parameterswillbedifferentaccordingto thetypeofcarriedinformation
G i Factor Gain F t GFc (Control) GFd (Control) GF (Data) GFc (D ) GFd (Data)
R Range 0 to15 0 to15 0 to15 0 to15
D f lt Default 11 15 10 15
FACHPowerSetting
AsmentionedearlierFACHpowerisinitially reservedrelativetoCPICHpower ThequestionNowisthatdoeverypartofFACH messagehas h the h samepowerasthe h reserved d value
0, 2, or 8 bits 20 to 1256 bits 0, 8, or 16 bits
TFCI or DTX
Data
Pilot
TFCI_Power TFCI Power=FACH_Power FACH Power+FO1

FO1DefaultValueis0dB
Pilot_Power=FACH_Power+FO2
FO2DefaultValueis0dB
InitialSettingofDL_DPDCH
In case of inter frequency non blind handover cBackoff will be replaced by cNbifho (modified parameter to enhance the p performance of IFHO
DPDCH
DPCCH
DPDCH
DPCCH
Data 1
TPC
TFCI
Data 2
Pilot
Default Values (00) ) Step p 0.25 Value 0dB PO1 ( PO2 (12) Step 0.25 Value 3dB PO3 (12) Step 0.25 Value 3dB
DownlinkPowerRamping
Upper Power Limit P DL DPDCH Calculated P_DL_DPDCH 2nd power step size 1st power steps x steps Used only when the NBAP indicates it should be used via parameter first RLS indicator 1st power Ramp 2nd power increase
L Lower Power P Li Limit i
Inner loop
Power_UL_DPCCH_initial= PrimaryCpichPower +RTWP+uLInitSirTarget 10log(SF_DPCCH)+CPO RSCP_PCPICH RSCP PCPICH(dBm)

Measured by the UE DPCCH_power_offset Sent to UE by RBS in RRC connection setup Message
SettingofinitialUL_DPDCH power
cPO= -30 to 30 in 0.5 dB steps default = 0 (0 dB) PrimaryCpichpower = -100 to 500 in 0.1 dB steps default = 300 (30 dBm) ulInitSirTarget : has different values for different services e.g. SRB =5.7dB; RAB with SF=4 = 9.2 ; RAB with SF=16 or 8 = 8.2 dB and for RAB with SF= 32 or higher =4.9
Uplink p DPDCH/DPCCH /
Dedicated Physical Data Channel (DPDCH) Slot (0.666 mSec) Coded Data, 10 x 2^k bits, k=06 (10 to 640 bits) Dedicated Physical Control Channel (DPCCH) Slot (0.666 mSec) Pilot TFCI
I
FBI TPC
10
11
12
13
14
15
P_DPDCHpowercalculation
DPCCHpower/DPDCHpower=Bc/Bd DPCCHpower DPDCHpower=20log(Bc/Bd) DPDCHpower=DPCCHpower 20log(Bc/Bd)
Bc: DPCCH gain factor Bd: DPDCH gain factor
RadioBearer Signaling Speech CS64 PS64/64 PS64/384
DPCCHgainFactor 11 11 8 8 8
DPDCHgainfactor 15 15 15 15 15
DPDCHpower DPCCHpower +2.7 DPCCH power+2.7 DPCCHpower+5.46 DPCCHp power+5.46 DPCCHpower+5.46
Innerlooppowercontrol
UpLinkinnerlooppowercontrol
DPDCH/DPCCH(pilot+Data+TFCI+TPC+Data) TPC_Command = (UP) or (Down) DPCCH(Pilot +TFCI+TPC) DPDCH RBS measure SIR_UL_RLS of the pilot Data then compare it with Target value
DPCCHTPC_cmd=1(Down)or+1(UP)
DPCCHchange=TPCXTPC_cmddB DPDCHpowerrelatedtoDPCCHpower SIR_UL_RLS>= SIR_TARGET SIR_UL_RLS < SIR_TARGET TPC command = down TPC command = UP
ULPowercontrolduring compressedmode
10 mSec Frames ( (15 slots) ) Normal Operation
11 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15
Compressed-Mode; single-frame method

11 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4
Transmission Gap Compressed period used for IRAT measurements and BSIC decoding and confirmation
SIR_targetinCM
SIR_target + 1dB SIR_target + 0.5dB SIR_target

13 14 15 1 2 3 4 12 13 14 15 1 2 3 4 14 15
Transmission Gap
TPCcommandinCM
TPC = 2 dB TPC = 1 dB
13
14
15
12
13
14
15 1
14
15
Transmission Gap Recovery Period 7 slots after the Gap pilot = 10 log (Npilot,prev/Npilot,curr) DPCCH= TPC X TPC_cmd + Pilot
Downlinkinnerlooppower control
DPDCH/DPCCH / (p (pilot+Data+TFCI+TPC+Data) )
DPCCH(Pilot +TFCI+TPC) DPDCH MS measure SIR_DL_RLS of the pilot Data then compare it with ith Target value TPC_Command = (UP) or (Down)
TPCcommand(UPorDown)
presentpowerP(K)=P(k1)+Ptpc(K) P_TPC(K) = +1 dB if (TPC_CMD is Up) or -1 dB if (TPC (TPC_CMD CMD is down) SIR_UL_RLS>= SIR_TARGET SIR_UL_RLS < SIR_TARGET TPC command = down TPC command = UP
DownlinkPowerBalancing
Power Drift SRNC
UE RBS 1
RBS 2
8 frame cycle
Frame 1 Frame 2 Frame 3 Frame 4 Frame 5 Frame 6 Frame 7 Frame 8
R f Reference value l SRNC
RBS 1
RBS 2 UE
At the beginning of each cycle a reference power power, which is the average of all radio link powers is calculated. Over the next 8 frames cycle the power of each RL is adjusted back to this reference value
dlPcMethod
1noDLpower balanceandno innerlooppower control
2Nobalancingonlyinner looppowercontrolisused
3Balancingis working
4fixedpower balancingalgorithm isusedfixedDl referencevalue
P(K) = P(K-1) + Pbalance Pb l = +1 Pbal 1 dB i increase th the power -1 1 dB d decrease th the power Power balancing is configured to work on 8 frame cycle
Downlinkpowercontrolin compressed mode P(K)= P(K-1) + Ptpc(K) + P bal(K) + P sir (K) dBm
P(k-1): previous DL power Ptpc (K): +1(UP) or -1(down) X TPC
PSIR(K) = 4dB TPC(K) = 1 dB

13 14 15 1 2 3 4 12
PSIR(K) = 3.5dB TPC(K) = 2 dB

13 14 15 1 2 3 4 14 15
Transmission Gap
Recovery Period 7 slots after the Gap
OuterLoopPowercontrol
TheouterlooppowercontrolalgorithmperformedforDLin theUEandfortheULintheRNC The Th Main M i id ideab behind hi dthe th outer t loop l powercontrol t lis i t toset t properSIRtarget SIRtarget g valuechange g according gtoblerQualitytargetDl Q y g SIRtargetvalueshouldbebetweenSIRMax173(17.3dB)and SIRmin82(8.2dB) ULouterlooppowercontrolcouldbeeitherjumpregulatoror constantstepregulatorbyulOuterLoopRegulatorparameter
1 Jump Regulator
0 constant step
JumpRegulator
SIRtarget= SIRtarget + ulSirStep(-x/(z*UPDOWNSTEPRATIO)+Y/Z)
Where: ulSirStep = 0 to 50 in 0.1 step default 10 (1 dB) X = Number of Transport blocks that have CRC OK Z= Total Number of received Transport blocks Y= Number of transport blocks that have CRC NG UPDOWNSTEPRATIO= (1/blerQualityTargetUL * 0.5) -1 default value is 199 blerQualityTargetUL = -63 to 0 default is -2 (0.01)
SIR_Target=5.9 dB CRC=OK Will continuo to drop until receive bad CRC
The SRNC will Update the SIR target value for prevent the UL in resolution of 0.1 dB to p excessive Iub signaling. ulInitSirTaget = 4.9 SIRTarget= 4.9 SIRTarget 4.9+1(-0/(199*1) 1( 0/(199 1) +1/1) 1/1) = 5.9 . NG frame received
StepRegulator
IfulOuterLoopRegulatorsetto0theStepregulatorwillwork Ideaofstepregulatorisasfollowing: TheSIRtargetshouldincreasedbyulSirStepwhenoneNGCRChave beenReceived AnddecreasedbyulSirStepifnumberofgoodCRCequalto (1/(1.5blerQualityTargetUL)(0.5) Default133 133 Good G d CRC
ulSirStep ulSirInitTarget NG CRC NG CRC
Handover
HandoverType
HOTypes
Hard Handover
SoftHandover
IRAThandover
Inter FrequencyHO
CoreNetwork HardHO
SoftHO
SofterHO
Soft/SofterHO
RNC Measurement Control message DCCH P f Perform measurement t UEEvaluation RNCEvaluation RLaddition Active c e Se Set Update Upda e DCCH RadioLinkRemoval RNCEvaluation Active Set Update Complete Measurement Control message DCCH
UE
RadioLinkAdd/Remove/Replace
ReportedMeasurement
MeasurementsElaboration
RRCMeasurementinitial
Handovertriggeringtype
EventTriggering
Measurementtobesentwheneverthelevelsof cellsentersthereportingrange
Periodictriggering
MeasurementreportshouldbesenttotheRNCby theUEperiodically
EventDescription
Event1A
Event1B
Event1C
Event1D
Event1E
Event1F
Event2D/2F
2B/2C 3A/3C
CompressedMode
Compressedmode
RealizationMethods
SF/2 Ratematching/puncturing Higherlayerscheduling
LoadControl
PUC
ICAC
CellResourceDecision
ThealgorithmChoosesUEsforPreemption
LDR
OLC

UMTS Optimization

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UMTS Optimization

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UMTSOptimization

Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010

Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010

Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010

Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010

Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010

Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010

Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010

Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010

Intheautomaticselectionifnolastregister g PLMN existsoravailabletheMobilewillselectthePLMNthat isavailableandallowedasfollow

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USIM HPLMN USIM

PLMNA PLMNB PLMND PLMNE

PLMNB PLMNE PLMND PLMNA

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E Every30minutes i t the th UEtry t to t reselect l tits it homePLMN

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Detecting gprimary p yscrambling gandreadsystem y information

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Pilot Symbol Data (10 symbols per slot)

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 3 4 1 Frame = 15 slots = 10 mSec

CPICH always take code 0 from SF 256 tree

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Srxlev=Qrxlevmeas qRxlevMin Pcompensation (F all (For llcells) ll )

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Pcompensation Pcompensation=Max(maxTXpowerUL Max(maxTXpowerULP,0)

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Accordingtothecellreselectioncriteria.Inordertoperformcellranking, theUEmeasurestheservingcellandneighborcellslistedinSIB11 accordingtothemeasurementrules . Measurementrulesforcellreselection

Si SintraSearch S h :Controls C l when h i intrafrequency f measurementsareperformed f d (0dBm)

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Qqualmeas (EcN0, dB) Qrxlevmeas (RSCP, dBm)

GSM measurements can also be triggered by low RSCP

sRatSearch = 4dB -112

qQualMin = -18 qRxLevMin+P = -115

sHcsRat = 3dB (negative values are interpreted as 0)

WCDMA & GSM measurements

WCDMA & GSM WCDMA measurements measurements

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WhentheUEtriggersacellreselections procedureitstartsrankingforthecellsatisfy Scriteria(Squal>0andSrxlev>0)andthe rankingwillbeaccordingRcriteria

qHyst(s):hystersisvaluesenttomobilein systeminformationusedtodelaythe reselectionaspossibleontheLAboarders

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R(s) Qmeas(s) Cellreselection R(n)>R(s) treSelection time

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time Cell reselection

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InterFreqFddMeasIndicator isavaluesettoTrue orFalse ifitsettoTruetheUEwillperformthe reselectioncriteriaoninterfrequencyorinterRAT andifitissetfalseitwillnotdo

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One radio frame (10 ms)

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WherekistheDRXcycleLengthcoefficientdefinedby cnDRXcycleLengthCS (PS) DifferentDRXcycleforCS,PSandURAPCH

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Copy Rights LEGEND Co. 2010