Patel 1 Tanvi Patel Ms.Alogna MRT / 45B 10/18/11 Chapter 5 Key Terms 1.

Anatomy study of structure (body) of an organism 2. Physiology study of normal functions of an organism 3. Anatomical Position position in which medical professionals refer to the human body 4. Supine lying face upward 5. Position where or how something is located 6. Prone Position lying face-down 7. Lateral Recumbent Position lying on left side right knee and thigh drawn up 8. Superior towards the head 9. Posterior back surface of the body 10. Medial toward midline of body 11. Lateral away from midline 12. Proximal structure close to trunk 13. Distal location that is further from midline than point of reference 14. Superficial occurring on the skin or just under surface 15. Deep far under surface 16. Internal inside body 17. External outside/on skin of body 18. Thoracic Cavity Chest cavity, contains heart and lungs 19. Diaphragm muscle dome that separates chest from abdominal cativity 20. Pubis either pair of bones forming 2 sides of the pelvis 21. Abdominal Cavity houses the major organs of the digestive system 22. Pelvic Cavity houses the reproductive organs 23. Ligaments fibrous bands that connect bone to bone 24. Tendons cords that attach muscles to bones 25. Skull many bones fused together into a hollow sphere that contains/protects brain 26. Cranium skull 27. Spinal Column Spine 28. Lumbar - lower part of back 29. Spinal Cord group of nerves that carry messages to and from brain 30. Vertebrae 33 separate bones that are stacked on top of each other 31. Cervical Spine spinal column that consists of 7 vertebrae located on the neck 32. Insulin hormone produced by pancreas that enables glucose to be used by the cell 33. Thoracic Spine 12 vertebrae that attach to the 12 ribs; upper part of back 34. Spine made up of 5 sets of vertebrae; protects the spinal cord 35. Sacrum one of the three bones that makes up the pelvis ring base of spine 36. Coccyx tailbone small bone below sacrum formed by final 4 vertebrae 37. Xiphoid Process flexible cartilage at the lower tip of the sternum 38. Pelvis link between body and lower extremities 39. Ilium - large broad bone forming the upper part of each half of the pelvis 40. Ischium - curved bone that forms the base of each half of the pelvis 41. Shoulder Girdle supports arm; consists of clavicle, scapula, and humerus 42. Scapulae - two flat triangular bones one on each side of the shoulder 43. Extremities Arms, hands, ect; feet, legs, ect.

Patel 2 44. Humerus bone of upper arm; forming joints at shoulder and elbow 45. Radius lateral side of the arm one of two bones that makes forearm 46. Ulna medial side of arm - one of two bones that makes up forearm 47. Femur thigh bone 48. Tibia medial side of leg - one of two bones that makes up leg 49. Fibula lateral side of leg - one of two bones that makes up leg 50. Patella kneecap protects front of knee joint 51. Skeletal muscle provide both structure and support 52. Voluntary Muscle skeletal muscles under direct voluntary control of brain 53. Smooth Muscle carry out automatic functions 54. Involuntary Muscle smooth muscle brain has no control of these muscles 55. Cardiac muscle only in heart adapted to special function of always working 56. Respiration breathing in oxygen, out carbon dioxide 57. Inspiration breathing in; inhalation 58. Expiration breathing out; exhalation 59. Pharynx connects nose and mouth to esophagus 60. Oropharynx cavity formed by the pharynx at the back of the mouth 61. Nasopharynx upper part of pharynx; near mouth 62. Larynx voice box; holds vocal cord s 63. Trachea windpipe; extends from larynx to bronchi and conveys air back and forth 64. Epiglottis flap of cartilage that covers windpipe when swallowing 65. Bronchi - major air passages of the lungs that diverge from the windpipe 66. Alveoli - tiny air sacs in the lungs; exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide happens here 67. Atria - two upper cavities of the heart from which blood is passed to the ventricles a. right gets deoxygenated blood and left get oxygenated blood 68. Ventricles - two main chambers of the heart, left and right 69. Carotid Pulse Point on both sides of the neck 70. Brachial Pulse Point between biceps and triceps on medial side of elbow cavity 71. Radial Pulse Point on the inside of the wrist 72. Floating Ribs 11th and 12th ribs sets that attach to the spine but not the sternum 73. Femoral Pulse Point between leg and lower torso, both sides 74. Blood Vessels carries blood through body vein, artery, and capillary 75. Arteries transports blood from the heart thick walls b/c high pressure 76. Arterioles - small branch of an artery leading into capillaries 77. Venules very small vein that collects blood from capillaries 78. Veins blood vessel that carries oxygen-depleted blood 79. Central Nervous System brain and spinal cord 80. Epidermis outer layer of skin 81. Dermis Skin 82. Autonomic Nervous System - responsible for control of the bodily functions not consciously directed - breathing, the heartbeat, and digestive processes 83. Peripheral Nervous System outside brain and spinal cord 84. Alimentary Tract 35 long mouth, throat, esophagus, stomach, small intestine, large intestine, rectum, and anus. 85. Esophagus tube through which food passes

Patel 3 Action Assessment 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. D C A C C B A The rib cage may have been broken which means the patient may have punctured lung or lungs. This may also be causing the difficulty breathing that she is experience. 9. Plasma, red-blood cells, white blood cells, and platelets, all make up blood. 10. By measuring vital signs, the first responder will be able to see if there has been any damage to the brain, heart, of any other life-threatening diseases. Objectives Respiratory: The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body and removes carbon dioxide. This system is made up of the upper airway, trachea, lungs, ribs, bronchi, and diaphragm. The upper airway is made up of the nasal cavity, mouth, epiglottis, esophagus, and larynx. The exchange between oxygen and carbon dioxide occurs in the lungs. When breathing occurs, the diaphragm moves downward while breathing in and relaxes when exhaling. Circulatory: The circulatory system is responsible for pumping blood through the body. It includes the heart, lungs, arteries, veins, and capillaries. The blood is pumped by the heart, get nutrients and oxygen from the lungs, and spreads through the body through the arteries, veins, and capillaries. Musculoskeletal: The muscular system works to support and provide movement for the body. There are three types of muscles, skeletal (voluntary), smooth (involuntary), and cardiac (heart). The skeletal system works to support the body, protect vital structures, and manufacture red blood cells. The skeletal system is divided into 7 areas, the skull, spine, shoulder girdles, upper extremities, rib cage, pelvis and lower extremities. The bones come together at joints. There are three types of joints, balland-socket, hinge joints, and fused joints. The muscular and skeletal system rely a lot on each other to complete their tasks. Nervous: The nervous system is what keeps the body functioning. It controls everything from dancing to breathing. This system consists of the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. The brain controls everything you do, voluntary and involuntary. The spinal cord is made up of nerves which allow the brain to communicate with the rest of the body. Some nerves relay what the body is feeling while others relay what the brain wants a certain body part to do. Story Uncle George, who is a doctor, is testing his nephew and niece about their bodies. So, tell me what do you call a body part closer to your head? I know! I know! Its called superior, and far away from the head is inferior. Good job Xsu. Now tell me, what is anatomy? Thats easy; anatomy is the study of the body. Whats that word that means study of normal function of an organism? That would be physiology, but good job Cia. Ok tell me, what system are both the trachea and diaphragm a part of? Uncle George, these are too easy, that is the respiration system. Well thats right but if its too easy, then tell me what does epidermis mean? Umm. Exactly so watch what you wish for young man. Doesnt epidermis mean the outer layer of skin? Not bad at all Cia. Hmmm ok, what is the difference in expiration and inspiration? Expiration is breathing out and inspiration is breathing in, see Im not dumb. Now Xsu I never said that. This is the last question before bed, what is anatomical position? Hurry, get onto your bed and show me! The kids race into their beds and after Uncle George says goodnight, they fall into a deep sleep.